June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Overview of ALBA
D. Einfeld
Vacuum Workshop
Barcelona, 12th -13th September 2005
General
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Table of contents
1.) General information’s
2.) Lattice of ALBA
3.) Special components of the storage ring
4.) Booster synchrotron
5.) Beam lines and insertion devices
General
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
BetaX /m BetaY /m 10 * DispX /m
0 5 10 15 20
s / m
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Mach
inefu
nctio
n / m
Machine functions of LLS (1997): TBA-Lattice
Parameters:
E =2.5 GeV
C = 252 m
N = 12 fold
= 10 degr.
x= 8.6 nmrad
l = 8.0
x= 13.7
y= 5.33
x= 344 m
y= 21.5 m
Horiz. Beta- function
Vert. Beta- function
Horiz. Disp.- function
General
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
Comments:The budget for the project is fixed (170 Mill EURO).
The LLS-design is pretty much as the ALS-design.
Investigation of a new lattice to reduce the emittance.
“Mini-beta section” should be introduced.
Number of straight sections should be increased.
► A redesign of the machine has to be done
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
1.) The budget is fixed according to the design of LLS (177.9 Mill. EURO)
2.) With the available budget also the circumference is fixed (<270m).
2.) The energy should be 3 GeV in order to reach with „in-vacuum“ undulators photon energies of 15 to 20 KeV.
2.) The emittance has to be in the range of modern synchrotron light sources (smaller as 5 nmrad)
3.) The machine should be optimised for a high flux density ( introduction of mini beta sections in the straights)
4.) The lifetime should be large (►topping up has to be used)
5.) All injection elements should be in one straight (► length ≈ 8 m )
6.) The booster should be in the same tunnel as the storage ring (SLS-model)
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
ALBA has to be competitive with Soleil and Diamond.
What are the specifications of the „new“ 3 rd generation synchrotron light sources (Swiss Light Source, Diamond, Soleil, CLS, and ASP)?:
1.) They have different lengths of straight sections
2.) They have in all straights a “mini beta section”
3.) The emittance is ≈ 2.5 to 5 nmrad
4.) The horizontal cross sections are ≈ 100 – 150 m
5.) The vertical cross sections are ≈ 7 to 10 m
6.) CLS, SPEAR III, ASP and MAX IV introduce the vertical focussing in the bending magnets.
With a circumference of 270 m (for ALBA) and competing with machines with circumferences of 350 and 550 m (SOLEIL and Diamond) one has to build a very compact machine.
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
100MeV Linac
3GeV Synchrotron
3GeV Storage
Ring
3GeV Storage
Ring
3GeV Storage
Ring
3GeV Storage
Ring
General
Parameters
E=3GeV
I=400mA
εx=4.3nmrad
CSR=268.8 m
CB=249.6m
10th September 2005
Experimental Area
Experimental Area
Exper. Area
Exper. Area
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division Service Area
Service Area
Service AreaService Area
Service Area
Free Area
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June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
100 MeV LINAC at SLS
General
SLS-TUNNEL WITH BOOSTER AND STORAGE RING
Storage Ring Booster
Synchrotron
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June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
2.) Lattice of ALBA
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
• Investigated lattices:- 4 fold, 16 cell TBA: x=1.8nmrad, 16 straights, but
bad dynamic aperture (DA) and not so good lifetime.
- 4 fold, 16 cell expanded DBA: x3.7nmrad, 24 straights, good DA and lifetime.
- 3 fold, 18 cell DBA: x=2.7 nmrad, but smaller DA and lifetime, and larger cross section.
- 4fold, 16 cell DBA: xnmrad, 16 straights (without short straights), larger x and chromaticities.
→ The Experimental Division selected the “4 fold, 16 cell expanded DBA-lattice”
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Choices• Compact Lattice:
– Vertical focusing in the bending– Only quads doublets– Combined sextupole and correctors
• Distributed dispersion • DBA-like structure.
– 16 Cells. 4-fold Symmetry– 4×8 meters Long straight section– 12×4.2 meters Medium straight section– 8×2.6 meters Medium straight section
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division Lattice
10th September 2005
BetaX /m BetaY /m 10 * DispX /m
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
s / m
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Mach
inefu
nctio
n / m
Matching Cell Matching CellUnit Cell Unit Cell
The machine functions in one quadrant of ALBA
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Symbol Value Unit
Energy E 3.0 GeV
Circumference C 268.8 m
Horizontal emittance ε 4.3 nm-rad
Energy Spread ΔE/E 1.05*10-3
Hor.-Chromaticity ξx -38.0
Vert.-Chromaticity ξy -27.0
Moment.-Comp.-Factor α(1) 8.8*10-4
Horizontal Tune Qx 18.78
Vertical Tune Qy 8.378
Harmonic Number h 448
Energy Loss per Turn MeV 1.03
Damping Time τx, τy, τs 4.1, 5.3, 3.1 ms
Main Parameters of ALBA
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
10 m
1m
1.Quadrant
2.Quadrant3.Quadrant
4.Quadrant
Unit Cell
Unit Cell Unit Cell
Unit CellMatching Cell
Matching Cell Matching Cell
Matching Cell
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
EnveX /m 10 * EnveY /m
0 5 10 15
s / m
0.0E+0
5.0E-5
1.0E-4
1.5E-4
2.0E-4
2.5E-4
3.0E-4
3.5E-4
4.0E-4
En
ve
lop
e / m
x= 131 m y= 7.4 m‘x= 46.6 rad‘y= 5.8 rad ‘r= >4 rad
The matching cell of ALBA
x= 260 m y= 15.7 m‘x= 20.5 rad‘y= 2.7 rad ‘r= >4 rad
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Arrangements of magnets within the Matching Cell
BendingBending
Quads
Quads
SextSextupoles
Sext
Bending BendingQuad Quad
QuadsQuads
Quads
Arrangements of magnets within the Unit Cell
SextSext
SextSext
Magnets
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
10 m
1m
8 m long, 4 times4.4 m long, 12 times times
2.6 m long, 8 times times
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
ALBA has three straight sections: long, medium and short. How do we occupy these straights?
Requirement of the users: Covering the wanted energy spectrum with high quality photons
From the users point of view, the long and the medium straight are most attractive because of the length and the small cross section. These straight sections meet the requirements of the users very well.
Requirements of the “machine”:
Space for injection, cavities, diagnostics, feedback system, third harmonic cavity, etc
For the injection a long straight is needed. The cavities, diagnostics, feedback system, third harmonic cavity, etc should be installed in the short straights in order to keep the medium ones free for the users
According to the present decisions the users will have:
3 long ( 8 m) , 12 medium (4.3 m) and 2 shorts (2.6 m)
Lattice
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
3.) Special components of the storage ring
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division Magnets
10th September 2005
Magnetic field: 1.42 TGradient: 5.8 T/mBending angle: 11.25 deg.Bending radius: 7.047 mGap: 36 mmCurrent: 520 AField accuracy: <3*10-3
Grad. accuracy: <2*10-3
Bending magnet
Field at pole tip: 0.715 TGradient: 23.43 T/mAperture: 61 mmCurrent: 190 AField accuracy: <3*10-3
Grad. accuracy: <2*10-3
Length (mm): 200, 260 310, 530
Quadrupole magnets:
Field at pole tip: 0.450 TDiff. Gradient: 700 T/m2
Aperture: 72 mmCurrent: 200 AField accuracy: <3*10-3
Grad. accuracy: <2*10-3
Length (mm): 150, 220
Sextupole Magnets
Horizontal and
vertical steering
as well as skew
quadrupole coils
are present on
each sextupole
Type of magnets Storage Ring Booster
Dipoles 32 40
Quadrupoles 112 60
Sextupoles 120 18
Correctors 120 100
Pulsed magnets 3+1 2+2
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
The Unit Cell
Vacuum
Bending BendingQuad
Quad Quad
Quad
Sext
Sext Sext
Sext
Pump Pump PumpPumps Pump Pump Pumps
Pump
Pump
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
10th September 2005
Girder
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Total Voltage 3.6 MV
No Cells/IPC 6
Type of cavity nc
Voltage / cell 600 kV
Rshunt 3.0 MW
Cavity power 60 kW
Beam power/cav 87kW
IPC power 147 kW
Amplifier Power160 kW
Total Power 960 kW
Service Area
10th September 2005
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
3. Cavity Combiner
• 2 Input Ports (80 kW each one)
• 1 Output Port (150 kW)
• Insertion losses 0.3 dB
• Frequency stability 200 kHz
IOT1
IOT2
RF cavity
4. RF amplifiers (IOT)
• Inductive Output Tubes at 500 MHz
• Broadcasting standard
• 80 kW output power
• 3 MHz bandwidth at -1 dB
• 50 impedance
Radio.-Freq.-System
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
CIDEM - Meeting
eBPM
Corrector
DC
Fluorescent Screen
Fast Current Transformer
DC Current Transformer
Beam Loss Monitor
Scraper
Stripline
DCPin Hole X-Ray
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF ALBADIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF ALBA
Diagnostics
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
4.) Booster Synchrotron
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Parameters:
E = 3.0 GeV
C = 249.6 m
N = 4 fold
x= 9.0 nmrad
x= 11.1 m/rad
y= 2.2 m/rad
The machine functions in one quadrant of ALBA booster synchrotron
BetaX /m BetaY /m 10 * DispX /m
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
s / m
-5
0
5
10
15
Mach
inefu
nctio
n / m
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
EnveX /m EnveY /m
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
s / m
0.E+0
1.E-4
2.E-4
3.E-4
4.E-4
5.E-4
6.E-4
En
velop
e / m
The beam cross sections in one quadrant of ALBA booster synchrotron
Parameters:
E = 3.0 GeV
C = 249.6 m
N = 4 fold
x= 9.0 nmrad
σx= 0.3 mm
σy= 0.05 mm
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005
5.) Beam lines and insertion devices
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
High-resolution powder diffraction and microfocus (In-Vac-Und., Wi. Or SC-Wi)
Macromolecular crystallography (In-Vac-Und., U21) Non-crystalline diffraction in Life and Materials Sciences with Modular Microfocus
Option (In-Vac-Und., U21)
High brilliance XAS (X-ray absorption Spectroscopy) (In-Vac-Und., Wi. Or SC-Wi)
POLUX: A soft X-ray beam-line for polarisation-dependant spectroscopies and microscopies. (Apple II) EXES: A beam-line for electron and soft X-ray emission spectroscopies (Apple II)
X-ray microscopy (Bending)
Phase I beam lines
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Bending- Diagnostics
Wiggler - EXAFS
Bending - Microscopy
U21 – Macromolecular Cristalography
U21 – Non Cristaline Diffraction
Bending – Test
SC wigglerPowder diffraction
EPU63Photoemissionspectroscopies
EPU63Polarization dependent
spectroscopies
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
4.― In-vacuum devices
Insertion Devices
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division
Thank you very much
General
June 14th 2005
Accelerator Division General
10th September 2005