June 14th 2005 Accelerator Division Overview of ALBA D. Einfeld Vacuum Workshop Barcelona, 12 th -13 th September 2005 General 10 th September 2005

June 14th 2005

Accelerator Division

Overview of ALBA

D. Einfeld

Vacuum Workshop

Barcelona, 12th -13th September 2005

General

10th September 2005

June 14th 2005


Table of contents

1.) General information’s

2.) Lattice of ALBA

3.) Special components of the storage ring

4.) Booster synchrotron

5.) Beam lines and insertion devices

General

10th September 2005

June 14th 2005


BetaX /m BetaY /m 10 * DispX /m

0 5 10 15 20

s / m

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Mach

inefu

nctio

n / m

Machine functions of LLS (1997): TBA-Lattice

Parameters:

E =2.5 GeV

C = 252 m

N = 12 fold

= 10 degr.

x= 8.6 nmrad

l = 8.0

x= 13.7

y= 5.33

x= 344 m

y= 21.5 m

Horiz. Beta- function

Vert. Beta- function

Horiz. Disp.- function

General

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June 14th 2005

Accelerator Division General

10th September 2005

Comments:The budget for the project is fixed (170 Mill EURO).

The LLS-design is pretty much as the ALS-design.

Investigation of a new lattice to reduce the emittance.

“Mini-beta section” should be introduced.

Number of straight sections should be increased.

► A redesign of the machine has to be done

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10th September 2005

1.) The budget is fixed according to the design of LLS (177.9 Mill. EURO)

2.) With the available budget also the circumference is fixed (<270m).

2.) The energy should be 3 GeV in order to reach with „in-vacuum“ undulators photon energies of 15 to 20 KeV.

2.) The emittance has to be in the range of modern synchrotron light sources (smaller as 5 nmrad)

3.) The machine should be optimised for a high flux density ( introduction of mini beta sections in the straights)

4.) The lifetime should be large (►topping up has to be used)

5.) All injection elements should be in one straight (► length ≈ 8 m )

6.) The booster should be in the same tunnel as the storage ring (SLS-model)

June 14th 2005


ALBA has to be competitive with Soleil and Diamond.

What are the specifications of the „new“ 3 rd generation synchrotron light sources (Swiss Light Source, Diamond, Soleil, CLS, and ASP)?:

1.) They have different lengths of straight sections

2.) They have in all straights a “mini beta section”

3.) The emittance is ≈ 2.5 to 5 nmrad

4.) The horizontal cross sections are ≈ 100 – 150 m

5.) The vertical cross sections are ≈ 7 to 10 m

6.) CLS, SPEAR III, ASP and MAX IV introduce the vertical focussing in the bending magnets.

With a circumference of 270 m (for ALBA) and competing with machines with circumferences of 350 and 550 m (SOLEIL and Diamond) one has to build a very compact machine.

Lattice

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100MeV Linac

3GeV Synchrotron

3GeV Storage

Ring

3GeV Storage

Ring

3GeV Storage

Ring

3GeV Storage

Ring

General

Parameters

E=3GeV

I=400mA

εx=4.3nmrad

CSR=268.8 m

CB=249.6m

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Experimental Area

Experimental Area

Exper. Area

Exper. Area

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Accelerator Division Service Area

Service Area

Service AreaService Area

Service Area

Free Area

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100 MeV LINAC at SLS

General

SLS-TUNNEL WITH BOOSTER AND STORAGE RING

Storage Ring Booster

Synchrotron

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2.) Lattice of ALBA

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• Investigated lattices:- 4 fold, 16 cell TBA: x=1.8nmrad, 16 straights, but

bad dynamic aperture (DA) and not so good lifetime.

- 4 fold, 16 cell expanded DBA: x3.7nmrad, 24 straights, good DA and lifetime.

- 3 fold, 18 cell DBA: x=2.7 nmrad, but smaller DA and lifetime, and larger cross section.

- 4fold, 16 cell DBA: xnmrad, 16 straights (without short straights), larger x and chromaticities.

→ The Experimental Division selected the “4 fold, 16 cell expanded DBA-lattice”

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June 14th 2005


Choices• Compact Lattice:

– Vertical focusing in the bending– Only quads doublets– Combined sextupole and correctors

• Distributed dispersion • DBA-like structure.

– 16 Cells. 4-fold Symmetry– 4×8 meters Long straight section– 12×4.2 meters Medium straight section– 8×2.6 meters Medium straight section

Lattice

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Accelerator Division Lattice

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60

s / m

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

Mach

inefu

nctio

n / m

Matching Cell Matching CellUnit Cell Unit Cell

The machine functions in one quadrant of ALBA

June 14th 2005


Symbol Value Unit

Energy E 3.0 GeV

Circumference C 268.8 m

Horizontal emittance ε 4.3 nm-rad

Energy Spread ΔE/E 1.05*10-3

Hor.-Chromaticity ξx -38.0

Vert.-Chromaticity ξy -27.0

Moment.-Comp.-Factor α(1) 8.8*10-4

Horizontal Tune Qx 18.78

Vertical Tune Qy 8.378

Harmonic Number h 448

Energy Loss per Turn MeV 1.03

Damping Time τx, τy, τs 4.1, 5.3, 3.1 ms

Main Parameters of ALBA

Lattice

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June 14th 2005


10 m

1m

1.Quadrant

2.Quadrant3.Quadrant

4.Quadrant

Unit Cell

Unit Cell Unit Cell

Unit CellMatching Cell

Matching Cell Matching Cell

Matching Cell

Lattice

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EnveX /m 10 * EnveY /m

0 5 10 15

s / m

0.0E+0

5.0E-5

1.0E-4

1.5E-4

2.0E-4

2.5E-4

3.0E-4

3.5E-4

4.0E-4

En

ve

lop

e / m

x= 131 m y= 7.4 m‘x= 46.6 rad‘y= 5.8 rad ‘r= >4 rad

The matching cell of ALBA

x= 260 m y= 15.7 m‘x= 20.5 rad‘y= 2.7 rad ‘r= >4 rad

Lattice

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June 14th 2005


Arrangements of magnets within the Matching Cell

BendingBending

Quads

Quads

SextSextupoles

Sext

Bending BendingQuad Quad

QuadsQuads

Quads

Arrangements of magnets within the Unit Cell

SextSext

SextSext

Magnets

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Accelerator Division Lattice

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10 m

1m

8 m long, 4 times4.4 m long, 12 times times

2.6 m long, 8 times times

Lattice

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ALBA has three straight sections: long, medium and short. How do we occupy these straights?

Requirement of the users: Covering the wanted energy spectrum with high quality photons

From the users point of view, the long and the medium straight are most attractive because of the length and the small cross section. These straight sections meet the requirements of the users very well.

Requirements of the “machine”:

Space for injection, cavities, diagnostics, feedback system, third harmonic cavity, etc

For the injection a long straight is needed. The cavities, diagnostics, feedback system, third harmonic cavity, etc should be installed in the short straights in order to keep the medium ones free for the users

According to the present decisions the users will have:

3 long ( 8 m) , 12 medium (4.3 m) and 2 shorts (2.6 m)

Lattice

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3.) Special components of the storage ring

June 14th 2005

Accelerator Division Magnets

10th September 2005

Magnetic field: 1.42 TGradient: 5.8 T/mBending angle: 11.25 deg.Bending radius: 7.047 mGap: 36 mmCurrent: 520 AField accuracy: <3*10-3

Grad. accuracy: <2*10-3

Bending magnet

Field at pole tip: 0.715 TGradient: 23.43 T/mAperture: 61 mmCurrent: 190 AField accuracy: <3*10-3


Length (mm): 200, 260 310, 530

Quadrupole magnets:

Field at pole tip: 0.450 TDiff. Gradient: 700 T/m2

Aperture: 72 mmCurrent: 200 AField accuracy: <3*10-3


Length (mm): 150, 220

Sextupole Magnets

Horizontal and

vertical steering

as well as skew

quadrupole coils

are present on

each sextupole

Type of magnets Storage Ring Booster

Dipoles 32 40

Quadrupoles 112 60

Sextupoles 120 18

Correctors 120 100

Pulsed magnets 3+1 2+2

June 14th 2005


The Unit Cell

Vacuum

Bending BendingQuad

Quad Quad

Quad

Sext

Sext Sext

Sext

Pump Pump PumpPumps Pump Pump Pumps

Pump

Pump

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10th September 2005

Girder

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Total Voltage 3.6 MV

No Cells/IPC 6

Type of cavity nc

Voltage / cell 600 kV

Rshunt 3.0 MW

Cavity power 60 kW

Beam power/cav 87kW

IPC power 147 kW

Amplifier Power160 kW

Total Power 960 kW

Service Area

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June 14th 2005


3. Cavity Combiner

• 2 Input Ports (80 kW each one)

• 1 Output Port (150 kW)

• Insertion losses 0.3 dB

• Frequency stability 200 kHz

IOT1

IOT2

RF cavity

4. RF amplifiers (IOT)

• Inductive Output Tubes at 500 MHz

• Broadcasting standard

• 80 kW output power

• 3 MHz bandwidth at -1 dB

• 50 impedance

Radio.-Freq.-System

June 14th 2005


CIDEM - Meeting

eBPM

Corrector

DC

Fluorescent Screen

Fast Current Transformer

DC Current Transformer

Beam Loss Monitor

Scraper

Stripline

DCPin Hole X-Ray

DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF ALBADIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM OF ALBA

Diagnostics

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4.) Booster Synchrotron

June 14th 2005


Parameters:

E = 3.0 GeV

C = 249.6 m

N = 4 fold

x= 9.0 nmrad

x= 11.1 m/rad

y= 2.2 m/rad

The machine functions in one quadrant of ALBA booster synchrotron


0 10 20 30 40 50 60

s / m

-5

0

5

10

15

Mach

inefu

nctio

n / m

June 14th 2005


10th September 2005

EnveX /m EnveY /m

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

s / m

0.E+0

1.E-4

2.E-4

3.E-4

4.E-4

5.E-4

6.E-4

En

velop

e / m

The beam cross sections in one quadrant of ALBA booster synchrotron

Parameters:

E = 3.0 GeV

C = 249.6 m

N = 4 fold

x= 9.0 nmrad

σx= 0.3 mm

σy= 0.05 mm

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10th September 2005

5.) Beam lines and insertion devices

June 14th 2005


High-resolution powder diffraction and microfocus (In-Vac-Und., Wi. Or SC-Wi)

Macromolecular crystallography (In-Vac-Und., U21) Non-crystalline diffraction in Life and Materials Sciences with Modular Microfocus

Option (In-Vac-Und., U21)

High brilliance XAS (X-ray absorption Spectroscopy) (In-Vac-Und., Wi. Or SC-Wi)

POLUX: A soft X-ray beam-line for polarisation-dependant spectroscopies and microscopies. (Apple II) EXES: A beam-line for electron and soft X-ray emission spectroscopies (Apple II)

X-ray microscopy (Bending)

Phase I beam lines

June 14th 2005


Bending- Diagnostics

Wiggler - EXAFS

Bending - Microscopy

U21 – Macromolecular Cristalography

U21 – Non Cristaline Diffraction

Bending – Test

SC wigglerPowder diffraction

EPU63Photoemissionspectroscopies

EPU63Polarization dependent

spectroscopies

June 14th 2005


4.― In-vacuum devices

Insertion Devices

June 14th 2005


Thank you very much

General

June 14th 2005


10th September 2005

Documents

June 14th 2005 Accelerator Division Overview of ALBA D. Einfeld Vacuum Workshop Barcelona, 12 th -13 th September 2005 General 10 th September 2005