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Teaching Of Listening and Speaking
Introduction
Teaching
Listening &
Speaking
differencesbetween
spoken and
written
language
what does
listeningcomprehension
involve?
what does
learning to
speak involve?
why teach
listening and
speaking?
principles of
teachinglistening and
speaking?
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Differences between Spoken and Written Language
More
informal
Spoken
language
Simple
conjunctions
Rephrased
Shorter
sentences
Simple sentences
structures and
vocabulary
Spontaneous
and less
organized
More
repetition ofwords,
phrases, ideas
Often contains
false starts and
hesitations
Contractions
More
formal
Written
language
Reader
often not
present attime of
writing
Longer
sentences
More complex
sentences structures
and vocabulary
Well-organized
time for planning
Less repetitious
of ideas andlanguage
Sophisticated
conjunctions used to
combine sentences
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What Does Listening Comprehension Involves?
Bottom-up
Processing
Top-down
Processing
Listener hears sth
Doesnt trigger anything in his previous
knowledge
Identifies the sounds he hears, segments them
into words, phrases then sentences
Understands the message
The listener creates meaning inseparate stages starting from thesounds, moving on to words and larger
units
This kind of processing is harder When we are learning a new language,
we often have to process what we hear
in this manner
Listener hears sth
Reminds him of sth in his previous knowledge
Predicts what information he is likely to hear
Understand the message
The listener relates what he alreadyknows to what he is about to hear
This will help him to understand what hehears better
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what does
learning to
speak
involve?
learningfunctions
acquiring
linguisticabilitty
learningautomaticity
of response
learningsocial
appropriacy
acquiring
topic-relatedlanguage
Why teach
listening?
Important in
our daily
lives
Unique
aspects
Important for
developing
speaking skills
Why teach
speaking?
Create
awareness
and
opportunity
to practice
Develop
effective
communication
skills
Certain
speaking skills
doesnt
develop on its
own
Motivate
learners
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principles
of
teaching
listening
understanding
of task
provide contextfor listening
purpose
pre-listening
activities
set suitable
task to the levelof ability
arrange
questions inthe order
minimum
writing
number of
times pupilswill listen
quality of tape
disctinct voicedifferences
suitable time-not noisy
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principles
of teaching
speaking
pupil is a person-
be sensitive
maintain
balance btwn
accuracy and
fluency
good model for
pupils to imitate
suitable
stimuli&enough
time for
preparation
vary interaction
mode
give clear
instructions
monitor pupils'
activity