International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue 3, May-June 2021
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved Page 573
HVAC (Air Conditioning Designing for NCET Auditorium)
Mohammed Abdul Azeem1, Mahendra G
2, Rahul R S
3, Mridhul Soni
4, Mr. Shashikanth G S
5
12345 Nagarjuna College of engineering and technology, Bangalore
Abstract
The heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system is arguably the most complex
system installed in a building and is responsible for a substantial component of the total building energy
use. A right-sized HVAC system will provide the desired comfort and will run efficiently, Right-sizing of
an HVAC system is the selection of equipment and the design of the air distribution system to meet the
accurate predicted heating and cooling loads of the house. The load calculation is the first step of the
iterative HVAC design procedure, The equipment selection and the air distribution design are dependent
upon the loads of the system.
.Keywords: - HVAC, Duct,Designing, HAP4.90, Drafting, Load Calculation.
1. Introduction
HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air
conditioning) refers to the equipment, distribution
network, and terminals that provide either
collectively or individually the heating,
ventilating, or air-conditioning processes to a
building. HVAC system design is a major sub
discipline of mechanical engineering, based on the
principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics,
and heat transfer. HVAC systems provide:
• Heating
• Cooling
• Air handling, ventilation, and air quality HVAC
accounts for 40 to 60 percent of the energy used
in U.S. commercial and residential buildings. This
represents an opportunity for energy savings using
proven technologies and design concepts. The
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE)
supplies technical information to engineers and
other professionals.
In addition, ASHRAE writes standards
and guidelines in its field of expertise to guide
industry in the delivery of goods and services to
the public. HEATING There are different types of
standard heating systems. Central heating is often
used in cold climates to heat private houses and
public buildings. Such a system contains a boiler,
furnace, or heat pump to heat water, steam, or air,
all in a central location.
The major benefit of the system-based
design approach, of course, is that it gives the
engineer exactly what is needed to design a
system. Specific sizing data is provided instead of
raw material for further hand calculations. The
result is increased productivity for the designer
because the computer is being put to work more
effectively. The computer does a complete job of
system sizing, not a partial job.
A related benefit is that the system-based
approach does a more accurate and therefore
reliable job of generating sizing data. This is
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue 3, May-June 2021
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved Page 574
because sizing calculations consider the specific
operating nature of the system, not the features of
a simple, generic system. Further, the The
Benefits of System-Based Design 2 approach can
evaluate more operating conditions than can be
checked by hand, so that the approach is more
thorough and comprehensive. Finally, because
detailed, dynamic system simulations are part of
this approach, the method can potentially be used
to investigate the effect on sizing of such devices
and controls as:
• Outdoor air ventilation heat reclaims devices.
• Outdoor air economizers.
• Active dehumidification and humidification
controls.
• Night-time free cooling controls. Previously,
such controls have only been evaluated in energy
analysis simulations to determine effects on
operating costs. But each can also have an effect
on sizing which in turn can have a significant
effect the first cost of the system.
2. Literature Survey
Hani H. Sait, Int.Conference on
Sustainable Energy Information
Technology,2013, Journal Volume: 19, pages
636-645, Estimated Thermal Load and
Selecting of Suitable Air-Conditioning Systems
for a Three Story Educational Building.
1. Sandip Kumar Sahu “Cooling Load
Estimation for a Multi -story office building”
MSc. Thesis Department of Mechanical
Engineering-National Institute of Technology.
INDIA 2014.
2. Carrier Corporation. 2017. HAP Quick
Reference Guide, September 2017. Syracuse:
Carrier Corporation.
3. Goetzler et al. “Energy Savings Potential and
RD&D Opportunities for Commercial
Building HVAC Systems.” Prepared for U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program. September 2011.
4. Goetzler et al. “Energy Savings Potential and
RD&D Opportunities for Non-Vapor
Compression HVAC Technologies.” Prepared
for U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Building Technologies Office. March 2014.
5. ASHRAE STANDARD (Ventilation for
Acceptable Indoor Air Quality) june 3,2004,
Table 6.1
3. Objectives of the Research Work
1. Collecting the existing Dimensions, Material
& Electrical Equipments Data of NCET
Auditorium.
2. Load calculation is carried out using HAP
4.90 Software by considering (No. of peoples,
orientation & Area of Auditorium.
3. Duct to be used for Air Distribution is
designed using Duct sizer Software.
4. Drafting of Duct Layout & Dimensions Using
AutoCAD Software.
5. Final report of Air conditioning Space,
Plotted Layouts of Ducting.
4. Materials and Methodology
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©
Fig.1.1: flow chart followed to complete work.
Figure 1.1 shows flow chart followed to carry out
the work, study is conducted which carried out by
different researchers which related to present
work. HAP 4.9 software is used as HVAC Load
Calculation analysis tool. The optimization
process is followed depends on Equipments heat
librated and loading conditions. At last clear
statements as to give on proposed work for
betterment and advancement for selected
applications.
4.1 Methodology Followed
-:AUDITORIUM DATA:-
1. Floor Area 3520sqft.
2. Peoples: 400
3. Electrical Equipments Data.Etc.
1. Heat Load Estimate: The manner in which
heat can flow can be any one or more for the
following ways:
• Solar radiation through transparent
surfaces such as window.
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue
Available at
©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved
Fig.1.1: flow chart followed to complete work.
Figure 1.1 shows flow chart followed to carry out
the work, study is conducted which carried out by
different researchers which related to present
4.9 software is used as HVAC Load
Calculation analysis tool. The optimization
process is followed depends on Equipments heat
librated and loading conditions. At last clear
statements as to give on proposed work for
betterment and advancement for selected
Electrical Equipments Data.Etc.
The manner in which
heat can flow can be any one or more for the
through transparent
• Heat conduction through exterior
wall/roof.
• Heat conduction through partitions,
ceilings, floors of adjacent non
conditioned spaces.
• Heat generated internally by occupants,
lights, appliances,
process.
• Load due to intake of outside air for
ventilation.
• Other miscellaneous gains.
2. Building Survey:
• Orientation of the Building.
• Application of the Space
• Physical dimensions of the space.
• Ceiling height, space above th
ceiling.
• Load Estimate.
3. Designing and Drafting of
Using Duct sizer Software
Drafting Tool.
5. Results and Discussions
Total cooling load to be required will be
calculated and is about 35.4 Tons.
The remaining Design HVAC Results of
Auditorium were attached Above
and chart.
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Page 575
Heat conduction through exterior
Heat conduction through partitions,
ceilings, floors of adjacent non-air to
Heat generated internally by occupants,
lights, appliances, equipment's and
Load due to intake of outside air for
Other miscellaneous gains.
Orientation of the Building.
Application of the Space (Auditorium).
Physical dimensions of the space.
Ceiling height, space above the false
Designing and Drafting of Duct layout
Duct sizer Software and AutoCAD
5. Results and Discussions
Total cooling load to be required will be
35.4 Tons.
emaining Design HVAC Results of NCET
Auditorium were attached Above with load sheet
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue 3, May-June 2021
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved Page 576
Fig.1.3:Temp. vs Specific Humidity.
5.1 Duct Designing results
Table 1:- MAIN DUCTS DESIGNING
MAIN DUCT “IN” “MM”
1st Main Duct 20X27 500X700
2nd
Main Duct 18X26 450X675
3rd
Main Duct 16X24 400X625
4th
Main Duct 14X22 350X550
5th
Main Duct 12X13 300X325
Table 2 :- BRANCH DUCTS DESIGNING
BRANCH DUCT “IN” “MM”
1st Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
2nd
Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
3rd
Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
4th
Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
5th
Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
6th
Branch Duct 12X8 300X200
7th
Branch Duct 10X12 250X300
8th
Branch Duct 10X12 250X300
9th
Branch Duct 10X9 250X225
10th
Branch Duct 10X9 250X225
6. Conclusion
BD1 BD3 BD5 BD7 BD9
BD2 BD4 BD6 BD8 BD10
MD1 MD2 MD3 MD4 MD5
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue 3, May-June 2021
Available at www.ijsred.com
ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED:All Rights are Reserved Page 577
1. Maintains Perfect Human Comfort.
2. Determines required airflow rates for spaces
and system.
3. Central VAC system are considered to be the
most energy efficient method to air
conditioned because “Reduce air volume
saves both fan motor energy and energy
involved heating or cooling”.
4. HAP ENERGY ANALYSIS FEATURES
Uses detailed 8,760 hour-by-hour energy
simulation technique for energy analysis.
5. Less Energy Consumption by designing Air
Conditioning of NCET Auditorium using
ASHRAE Standard.
6. IOT for the system is easy to control and
accurate because of Centralized VAV System.
7. References 1. Refrigeration and air conditioning by
domkundwar, aurora.
2. Lehmann, B.M gwerder, V. dorer and F.
renggli (2011) thermally activated building
system.
3. ASHRAE handbook 2001
4. ISHRAE handbook 2007
5. www.mcquay.com
6. C.P Arora, Refrigeration and Air-
conditioning, 3rd Ed., Prentice Hall (2009).
7. Engineering design guidelines fluid flow
hydraulics sizing selection
http://kolmetz.com
8. Advantages of radiant cooling system by
Robert cubic june 2016
9. International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 6 june
2016.
10. ASHRAE (American Society of Heating
Refrigeration & Air conditioning Engineer’s)
Fundamentals Hand Books 2017
11. Carrier Design Manual.
12. Trane Air Conditioning System Design
Manual.
13. Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning Contractors
National Association Standard.