Maj
alen
gka
– A
lians
i G
erak
an R
efor
ma
Agr
aria
cr
itici
zed
Wes
t Jav
a Pr
ovin
cial
Gov
ernm
ent a
c-tio
n w
ho i
nsis
t an
d fo
rced
ly c
ondu
ctin
g la
nd
met
erin
g an
d ev
ictio
n of
Suk
amul
ya V
illag
e, K
erta
jati
Dis
trict
, Maj
alen
gka
Reg
ency
, Wes
t Jav
a.
Met
erin
g ac
tiviti
es b
y go
vern
men
t was
con
duct
ed o
n 17
N
ovem
ber
2016
afte
r tw
o da
ys o
f de
lay.
Met
erin
g do
ne
by p
olic
e th
emse
lves
sayi
ng ju
stifi
catio
n th
at th
ey a
lread
y go
t ap
prov
al f
rom
BPN
and
Wes
t Ja
va P
rovi
ncia
l G
ov-
ernm
ent.
To h
andl
e pe
ople
who
refu
sed
the
met
erin
g, d
e-pl
oyed
com
bine
d fo
rces
as m
uch
as 2
000
pers
onil.
Thou
sand
s of
Suk
amul
ya V
illag
er s
ince
3 d
ays
befo
re a
l-
read
y st
and
by o
n la
nd to
do
nego
tiatio
n an
d as
k fo
r can
-ce
llatio
n of
the
met
erin
g ac
tivity
. V
illag
ers
refu
sed
the
met
erin
g be
caus
e th
ere’
s no
agr
eem
ent o
n ev
ictio
n, c
om-
pens
atio
n or
relo
catio
n pl
an.
Neg
otia
tion
effo
rt by
vill
ager
s se
ems
does
not
wel
com
e,
the
com
mun
ity fa
ced
viol
ence
act
ion
by a
rmed
forc
es. V
il-la
gers
who
gat
her o
n la
nd a
ttack
ed b
y fo
rces
with
tear
gas
an
d fi r
e. D
ozen
s got
inju
red
and
8 pe
ople
wer
e ar
rest
ed b
y po
lice
forc
es.
Vio
lenc
e ac
tion
to S
ukam
ulya
Vill
ager
s is
an
evid
ence
of
no g
ood
will
from
gov
ernm
ent t
o he
ar p
eopl
e’s a
spira
tion.
Jo
kow
i Adm
inis
tratio
n al
way
s usi
ng v
iole
nce
and
Suka
mul
ya V
illag
e C
omm
unity
who
fi gh
t def
endi
ng th
eir l
and
be fa
ced
with
vio
lanc
e ac
tion
by a
rmed
fo
rces
. Peo
ple
gath
er o
n la
nd a
ttack
ed b
y ap
para
tus w
ith te
ar g
as a
nd ru
bber
bul
lets
, doz
ens i
njur
ed, 8
pe
ople
arr
este
d. o
n N
ovem
ber 1
7th 2
106
Main
Issue
:ST
OP
LAN
D G
RABB
ING
IN S
UK
AMU
LYA
VILL
AGE
FOR
INTE
RNAT
IONA
L AI
RPO
RT D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
BERI
TA K
AUM
TANI
EDIS
I KH
USUS
Dite
rbitk
an O
leh P
impi
nan
Pusa
t Alia
nsi G
erak
an R
efor
maA
grar
ia
Dese
mbe
r 201
6
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
1
Suka
mul
ya v
illag
e is
a fe
rtile
vill
age,
rich
nat
ural
reso
urce
s with
pop
ulat
ion
arou
nd 5
.500
peo
ple
and
wid
th
740
hect
ares
. 700
hec
tare
from
the
villa
ge to
tal a
rea
is p
addy
fi el
d ar
ea a
nd re
st o
f it t
hat i
s 40
hect
ares
is
hous
ing
area
. Maj
ority
of t
he c
omm
unity
wor
ks a
s far
mer
, the
farm
land
in th
is v
illag
e ve
ry fe
rtile
, fro
m o
ne
hect
are
padd
y fi e
ld a
ble
to p
rodu
ce 6
– 8
tons
pad
dy in
a p
lant
ing
seas
on. I
n on
e ye
ar, t
here
are
two
plan
t-in
g se
ason
of p
addy
and
one
pla
ntin
g se
ason
of c
hilli
that
is a
lso
have
big
num
ber i
n pr
oduc
tion.
Sukam
ulya
vill
age
is o
ne o
f 14
villa
ge in
Ker
taja
ti D
istri
ct, M
ajal
engk
a R
egen
cy, w
idth
741
hec
t-ar
es. T
he v
illag
e on
ly 1
0 km
from
dis
trict
cen
ter
and
35 k
m fr
om re
genc
y ce
nter
, with
ave
rage
hei
ght 3
0 m
eter
abo
ve se
a le
vel (
Mas
l).
Bas
ed o
n St
atis
tic B
ody
surv
ey y
ear
2015
pop
ulat
ion
of S
ukam
ulya
vill
age
is 4
.693
peo
ple
with
1.5
95 fa
m-
ily, c
onsi
st o
f 2.
256
mal
e an
d 2.
437
fem
ale,
with
341
ba
by u
nder
age
fi ve
, 522
pup
il, 2
71 e
lder
ly. O
n 20
16,
the
popu
latio
n es
timat
ed 5
.500
peo
ple.
Maj
ority
of v
illag
e lan
d is
pad
dy fi
eld
with
mai
n pl
ant i
s pa
ddy.
Tw
o pl
antin
g se
ason
in a
yea
r with
ave
rage
pro
-du
ctio
n is
14
tons
of d
ried
padd
y fr
om o
ne h
acta
re p
er
year
. Bet
wee
n tw
o pl
antin
g se
ason
of p
addy
, the
com
-m
unity
pla
ntin
g ch
illi a
nd s
quas
h. 2
3 he
ctar
es o
f lan
d is
veg
etab
le fa
rm fi
eld,
13,
5 he
ctar
es is
peo
ple’
s su
gar
plan
ttaio
n, 1
3,56
hec
tare
s is
vill
age’
s ca
sh g
roun
d an
d 72
hec
tare
s is
hou
sing
are
a. D
ry la
nd u
sed
as h
ousi
ng,
farm
ing
and
culti
vate
d va
rious
type
of
vege
tabl
es a
nd
frui
t, m
ainl
y ch
illi a
nd m
angg
o w
ith q
uite
big
pro
duc-
tion
in n
umbe
r.
For
child
ren
educ
atio
n se
rvic
es in
Suk
amul
ya v
illag
e,
avai
labl
e 2
Early
Edu
catio
n C
ente
r, 1
isla
mic
ele
men
-ta
ry sc
hool
and
3 e
lem
enta
ry sc
hool
that
is S
DN
Suk
a-m
ulya
I, II
and
III)
. SD
N S
ukam
ulya
I ha
ve 2
08 p
upil
(101
mal
e an
d 10
7 fe
mal
e) a
nd 8
teac
hers
. SD
N S
uka-
mul
ya II
hav
e 21
7 pu
pil (
107
mal
e an
d 11
0 fe
mal
e) a
nd
7 te
ache
rs. S
DN
Suk
amul
ya II
I hav
e 97
pup
il (5
2 m
ale
and
54 fe
mal
e) a
nd 5
teac
hers
.
Maj
ority
of S
ukam
ulya
peo
ple
wor
ks a
s fa
rmer
, tha
t is
3.23
0 pe
ople
, con
sist
of 1
.750
mal
e an
d 1.
480
fem
ale.
A
side
that
, the
re a
re a
lso
530
farm
wor
ker.
Suka
mul
ya v
illag
e is
one
of
5 vi
llage
that
is g
oing
to
be e
vict
ed fo
r wes
t jav
a in
tern
atio
nal a
irpor
t pro
ject
in
Ker
taja
ti di
stric
t. N
ame
of th
e 5
villa
ge a
re K
erta
jati,
Ker
tasa
ri, B
anta
rjati,
Suk
aker
ta a
nd S
ukam
ulya
. Suk
a-m
ulya
vill
age
will
affe
cted
as a
irpor
t run
way
.
WJI
A is
wes
t jav
a pr
ovin
cial
gov
ernm
ent i
nfra
stru
ctur
e pr
ojec
t sup
porte
d by
Nat
iona
l Gov
ernm
ent a
nd fu
nded
by
priv
ate
inve
stor
s. Th
e ai
rpor
t will
hav
e tw
o ru
nway
co
nsum
e 1.
800
hect
ares
of l
and,
and
als
o go
ing
to c
om-
plem
ent w
ith c
omm
erci
al a
rea
calle
d A
eroc
ity th
at w
ill
have
indu
stria
l are
a, w
areh
ouse
s, su
perm
arke
t, re
al e
s-ta
te, a
partm
ent,
tour
ism
area
amon
g ot
her o
n la
nd w
idth
3.
200
hect
ares
.
Tota
l pro
ject
of W
JIA
will
cons
ume 5
000
hect
ares
land
. A
side
of
aero
city
, WJI
A w
ill a
lso
inte
gtra
te w
ith t
oll
road
. The
re w
ill b
e tw
o to
ll ro
ad c
onne
ct to
WJI
A th
at
is C
ipal
i and
Cis
umda
wi t
oll r
oad.
Com
mer
cial
pro
j-ec
t cov
ered
with
infr
astru
ctur
e de
velo
pmen
t is
a th
reat
to
far
mer
s an
d ru
ral
peop
le’s
life
, eve
n co
ntra
dict
ory
to J
okow
i’s s
tate
men
t on
food
sec
urity
. For
so
and
so,
peop
le’s
ferti
le la
nd g
rabb
ed.#
#
Suka
mul
ya V
illage
Profi l
e :
Suka
mul
ya, F
ertil
e La
nd T
hrea
t to
Evic
8BK
T Sp
ecia
l Edi
tion
- Dec
embe
r201
6
mill
iteris
tic a
ppro
ach
in h
andl
ing
peop
le’s
dem
and
and
agra
rian
confl
icts
.
Nev
erth
eles
s, W
est J
ava
Prov
inci
al G
over
nmen
t did
not
pa
y at
tent
ion
to H
uman
Rig
hts C
omm
issi
on L
ette
r tha
t as
ked
for d
elay
of m
eter
ing
until
ther
e’s a
n ag
reem
ent
with
the
com
mun
ity.
In A
GR
A’s n
ote
unde
r Jok
owi A
dmin
istra
tion
at le
ast
happ
ened
vio
lenc
e to
138
peo
ple,
648
peo
ple
arre
sted
, 23
5 pe
ople
fi re
d, a
nd 1
0 pe
ople
die
d be
caus
e of
confl i
ct.
Ofc
ours
e, n
ot a
ll in
cide
nts g
ot d
ocum
ente
d by
AG
RA
, in
clud
ing
Papu
a an
d Ti
nom
bala
Ope
ratio
n ca
se.
AG
RA
saw
Wes
t Jav
a In
tern
atio
nal A
irpor
t (W
JIA
) de-
velo
pmen
t pro
ject
, tha
t is p
art o
f acc
eler
atio
n of
nat
iona
l st
rate
gic
proj
ect i
mpl
emen
tatio
n, h
as ra
ised
resi
stan
t re
actio
n fr
om p
eopl
e be
caus
e th
e in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lop-
men
t, th
at is
mai
n pr
ogra
m o
f Jok
owi A
dmin
istra
tion,
ar
e ne
ver b
ring
benefi t
s to
Indo
nesi
an p
eopl
e, ju
st li
ke
WJI
A p
roje
ct in
Maj
alen
gka,
Wes
t Jav
a.
Dev
elop
men
t pla
n of
WJI
A is
incl
uded
in P
resi
dent
R
egul
atio
n N
umbe
r 3 Y
ear 2
016,
as o
ne o
f 225
nat
iona
l st
rate
gic
proj
ects
. The
se p
roje
cts c
ontin
ousl
y go
t res
ist-
ence
from
the
peop
le, i
nclu
ding
peo
ple
of S
ukam
ulya
vi
llage
.
Whe
n Su
kam
ulya
vill
ager
s are
goi
ng to
lost
thei
r liv
eli-
hood
, Nat
iona
l and
Pro
vinc
ial G
over
nmen
t onl
y pr
o-vi
ded
com
pens
atio
n on
thei
r lan
d an
d ho
uses
, with
out
relo
catio
n an
d gu
aran
tee
of b
ette
r life
in n
ew p
lace
. Thi
s is
a in
hum
an p
roje
ct.
WJI
A p
roje
ct is
a th
reat
to v
illag
ers e
cono
my,
who
will
su
ffer d
eter
iora
tion
of in
com
e an
d lif
e. P
eopl
e w
ho w
ill
got e
vict
ed a
re g
oing
to lo
st th
eir l
and,
sour
ce o
f life
and
al
iena
ted
from
thei
r soc
ial e
nviro
nmen
t.
All
of th
e vi
llage
wid
th 7
40 h
ecta
res c
onsi
st o
f agr
i-cu
ltura
l lan
d an
d ho
usin
g of
5.5
00 p
eopl
e ar
e go
ing
to
evic
ted
for W
JIA
pro
ject
.
Vic
tims c
ontin
ousl
y fa
ll do
wn
beca
use
of a
nti d
emoc
ra-
cy a
nd p
riorit
y in
dep
loym
ent o
f arm
ed fo
rces
act
ion
by
gove
rnm
ent,
inst
ead
of li
sten
ing
to p
eopl
e’s a
spira
tion.
Bas
ed o
n si
tuat
ion
in S
ukam
ulya
Vil-
lage
, Alia
nsi G
erak
an R
efor
ma
Agr
aria
(A
GR
A) s
tate
d:
1. C
onde
mni
ng v
iole
nce
actio
n by
gov
ern-
men
t in
hand
ling
peop
le’s
stru
ggle
, inc
ludi
ng
in S
ukam
ulya
, and
dem
andi
ng g
over
nmen
t to
impl
emen
t dem
ocra
tic w
ay in
han
dlin
g pe
ople
’s
dem
and.
2.
Dem
andi
ng W
est J
ava
Gov
erno
r to
stop
m
eter
ing
proc
ess a
nd p
ull o
ut th
e ar
med
forc
es
from
Suk
amul
ya C
onfl i
ct3.
Dem
andi
ng W
est J
ava
Polic
e C
hief
to re
leas
e Su
kam
ulya
vill
ager
s fro
m c
rimin
als a
ccus
atio
n.4.
Dem
andi
ng P
resi
dent
Joko
wi t
o re
voke
Pre
si-
dent
Reg
ulat
ion
Num
ber 3
Yea
r 201
6 on
Acc
el-
erat
ion
of Im
plem
enta
tion
of N
atio
nal S
trate
gic
Proj
ects
5. D
eman
ding
Joko
wi-J
K A
dmin
istra
tion
to
take
resp
onsi
bilit
y to
peo
ple
affe
cted
by
on g
o-in
g pr
ojec
ts b
y gu
aran
tee
the
fullfi
lmen
t of a
ll ec
onom
y, so
cial
, pol
itic
and
cultu
ral r
ight
s of t
he
peop
le
AGRA
cal
ls a
ll m
embe
rs in
var
ious
are
a to
take
full
role
in su
ppor
ting
the
stru
ggle
of S
ukam
ulya
Vill
ag-
ers.
AGRA
als
o in
vite
d al
l peo
ple
to g
ive
supp
ort
and
solid
arity
to th
e st
rugg
le o
f Suk
amul
ya v
illag
er.
#Res
istS
ukam
ulya
Villa
geEv
ictio
n#S
TopW
JIAD
evel
opm
ent
#Sto
pVio
lenc
eToP
eopl
e
Publ
ishe
r
: PP
AG
RA
Hea
d of
Edi
toria
l Boa
rd
: Moh
. Ali
Edito
rial
: R
ahm
at A
jigun
a La
yout
: J
ayC
ontri
buto
rs
: A
gra
Dis
tric
and
Reg
iona
l Org
aniz
atio
ns
Add
res
: Ket
ang-
keta
ng R
oad,
No,
9. R
T/RW
/003
/007
, Kel
urah
an Ja
ti, K
ecam
atan
Pul
ogad
ung,
Jaka
rta
Tim
ur-I
ndon
esia
132
20 ;
Emai
l: be
rita
kaum
tani
@gm
ail.c
om ;
Web
site
: ww
w.ag
rain
done
sia.
org
; FB
-Fan
-pa
ge: a
lians
i ger
akan
refo
rma
agra
ria
; Tw
eete
r: @
beri
taka
umta
ni
BERIT
A KAU
M TAN
I2
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
serv
ice
secu
ritie
s age
ncy)
quo
tatio
n.
The
sour
ce o
f fun
ding
for i
nfra
stru
ctur
e pr
ojec
ts in
Indo
ne-
sia
certa
inly
gro
win
g. v
ario
us d
omes
tic a
nd in
tern
atio
nal fi
-na
ncia
l ins
titut
ions
such
as th
e Ind
ones
ia In
fras
truct
ure F
und
[IIF
], th
e Ja
pan
Ban
k fo
r Int
erna
tiona
l Coo
pera
tion
[JB
IC],
AD
B, W
orld
Ban
k up
to th
e la
test
AII
B re
ady
to fi
nanc
e in
-fr
astru
ctur
e pr
ojec
ts sp
read
acr
oss I
ndon
esia
.
Dep
uty
Gov
erno
r of t
he B
ank
of Ja
pan,
Hiro
shi N
akas
o on
ce
desc
ribed
how
Japa
nese
ban
ks h
ave
been
act
ivel
y en
cour
age
fi nan
cing
for
long
-term
pro
ject
s in
Ind
ones
ia. T
he s
ame
is
true
for t
he C
hine
se g
over
nmen
t inv
estm
ent w
ill fi
nanc
e th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
four
toll
road
pro
ject
thos
e are
Ker
toso
no to
ll ro
ad w
orth
Rp
2.83
tril
lion,
Cile
unyi
-Sum
edan
g-D
awua
n (C
isun
daw
u) w
orth
Rp
3.4
trilli
on, B
alik
papa
n-Sa
mar
inda
w
orth
Rp
763
billi
on a
nd M
anad
o-B
itung
toll
road
with
the
loan
of R
p 1.
24 tr
illio
n.
The
Indo
nesi
an g
over
nmen
t ro
le i
n pr
ovid
ing
land
and
ch
angi
ng t
he r
ules
for
the
sak
e of
for
eign
cap
ital
infl o
ws.
Of c
ours
e, la
nd a
cqui
sitio
n fo
r inv
estm
ent a
nd in
fras
truct
ure
proj
ects
get
a lo
t of p
eopl
e’s r
esis
tanc
e. R
esis
tanc
e ar
ose
be-
caus
e of
land
acq
uisi
tion
will
mak
e pe
ople
lost
thei
r lan
d fo
r liv
e, a
gric
ultu
ral l
and,
and
als
o di
spla
cing
peo
ple’
s liv
es.
How
ever
, th
e In
done
sian
gov
ernm
ent
also
req
uest
ed a
nd
fund
ed to
pro
vide
a g
uara
ntee
of
“sec
urity
” fo
r th
e pr
ojec
t
and
the
inve
stm
ent c
an ru
n sm
ooth
ly. T
he m
ore
ofte
n w
e se
e th
e de
ploy
men
t of t
hous
ands
of s
tate
app
arat
us to
car
ry o
ut
the
evic
tion
in th
e na
me
of se
curit
y.
It refl e
cts t
he fa
ct th
at in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lopm
ent i
s not
ori-
ente
d to
war
ds p
eopl
e’s
wel
fare
at a
ll, a
s w
ell a
s fo
rmin
g a
stro
ng n
atio
nal
indu
stry
. Li
bera
lizat
ion
and
priv
atiz
atio
n m
eans
the
rem
oval
of s
ubsi
dies
and
soc
ial b
udge
ts s
uch
as
educ
atio
n an
d he
alth
for p
eopl
es. T
hus,
any
Joko
wi’s
infr
a-st
ruct
ure
proj
ects
will
not
pro
vide
che
ap a
nd a
fford
able
ser-
vice
s to
the
need
s of t
he p
eopl
e.
Dev
otio
n an
d de
pend
ence
on
the d
evel
opm
ent c
apita
l inv
est-
men
t and
fore
ign
debt
will
pus
h a c
ount
ry fu
rther
and
furth
er
into
deb
t bon
dage
dev
elop
men
t. C
onve
rsel
y, th
e m
obili
za-
tion
of la
nd w
ith fo
rced
evic
tion,
evic
tion
to v
iole
nce a
gain
st
the
peop
le in
the
vario
us se
ctor
s will
be
mor
e m
assi
ve. L
and
as a
n ec
onom
ic re
sour
ce p
eopl
e w
ill b
e re
plac
ed b
y as
phal
t an
d bu
ildin
g be
long
s to
loca
l and
fore
ign
inve
stor
s.
Peop
les s
uffe
ring
will
cont
inue
to g
row
as th
e deb
t of t
he co
n-st
ruct
ion
proj
ect w
ill b
e bo
rne
by th
e pe
ople
thro
ugh
vario
us
gove
rmen
t due
s an
d ta
xes.
Perh
aps
we
will
see
goo
d ro
ads,
toll
road
s, ta
ll bu
ildin
gs a
nd f
acto
ries
all o
ver
the
coun
try.
But
all
that
doe
s no
t bel
ong
to th
e pe
ople
, not
bel
ongi
ng to
In
done
sia
and
the
mos
t im
porta
nt is
thro
ugh
it al
l our
live
s be
com
e dr
iven
and
con
trolle
d.
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
7
Edi
tori
al
The
Indo
nesi
an g
over
nmen
t deb
t pos
ition
in 2
011
s / d
in 2
016.
With
in 5
yea
rs o
f Ind
ones
ian
gove
rnm
ent d
ebt i
ncre
ases
ne
arly
dou
bled
to 3
,220
trilli
on ru
piah
, inc
ludi
ng d
ebt f
or in
frast
ruct
ure
proj
ects
.
Land
grab
bing
fo
r in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lopm
ent
unde
r Jo
kow
i-JK
Adm
inis
tratio
n be
cam
e m
ore
mas
sive
, hap
pen
ever
y w
here
, inc
ludi
ng in
Wes
t Ja
va.
Bas
ed o
n M
id T
erm
Nat
iona
l Dev
elop
men
t Pla
n (M
T-N
DP)
201
5 –
2019
, Jok
owi-J
K A
dmin
istra
tion
has
an
ambi
tious
infr
astru
ctur
e de
velo
pmen
t pla
n, a
mon
g ot
her
are
deve
lop
30 n
ew d
am, 3
3 hy
drop
ower
pla
nt, 2
.600
km
leng
th n
ew ro
ad, 1
.000
km
leng
th to
ll ro
ad, 1
5 ne
w
airp
ort,
24 n
ew p
ort,
3.20
0 km
leng
th n
ew ra
ilway
, and
ex
pant
ion
of o
il pa
lm p
lant
atio
n to
supp
ort 1
5% b
iofu
el
used
in e
ach
litre
of
sola
r, 36
coa
l pow
er p
lant
to g
en-
erat
e 20
.000
MW
ele
ctric
ity a
s pa
rt of
35.
000
MW
as
targ
et, t
ens o
f new
indu
stria
l are
as a
nd sp
ecia
l eco
nom
y ar
eas.
This
land
gra
bbin
g pr
ojec
ts s
uppo
rted
by p
oliti
cal d
eci-
sion
that
is P
resi
dent
Reg
ulat
ion
No.
30
Year
201
5 on
La
nd P
rocu
rem
ent
for
Publ
ic I
nter
est
(infr
astru
ctur
e),
and
Pres
iden
t Reg
ulat
ion
No.
3 Y
ear 2
016
on A
ccel
era-
tion
of I
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
Nat
iona
l St
rate
gic
Proj
ects
co
ntai
ned
225
natio
nal d
evel
opm
ent p
roje
cts.
Land
gra
bbin
g al
so h
appe
ned
in d
evel
opin
g W
est J
ava
Inte
rnat
iona
l Airp
ort (
WJI
A) a
t Ker
taja
ti D
istri
ct, M
aja-
leng
ka R
egen
cy. T
he d
evel
opm
ent p
lan
of W
JIA
thre
at-
en p
eopl
e’s l
ive
at S
ukam
ulya
Vill
age,
Ker
taja
ti D
istri
ct,
Maj
alen
gka
Reg
ency
. B
ackg
roun
d of
Peo
ple’
s Rej
ectio
n to
Evi
ctio
n Pl
anSu
kam
ulya
is a
ferti
le a
nd ri
ch o
f nat
ural
reso
urce
s vi
l-la
ge, w
idth
740
hec
tare
s w
ith p
opul
atio
n ar
ound
5.5
00
peop
le. 7
00 h
ecta
res o
f tot
al w
idth
of t
he v
illag
e is
farm
fi e
ld a
nd th
e re
st 4
0 he
ctar
es is
hou
sing
of t
he c
omm
u-ni
ty.
Maj
ority
of
Suka
mul
ya p
eopl
e w
orks
as
farm
er.
The
farm
fi el
d in
this
vill
age
very
ferti
le. O
ne h
ecta
re o
f pad
-dy
fi el
d ab
le p
rodu
ce 6
– 8
tons
of p
addy
in o
ne p
lant
ing
seas
on. I
n on
e yea
r the
re is
two
plan
ting
seas
on o
f pad
dy
and
one
plan
ting
seas
on f
or c
hilli
that
is a
lso
have
big
am
ount
of p
rodu
ctio
n.
Infr
astr
uctu
re P
roje
cts,
Thr
eat
To P
eopl
e :
Whe
n Pe
ople
Asp
iratio
ns A
nsw
ered
With
Vi
olen
ce
3
SPEC
IAL
REPO
RT
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
ing
sinc
e 20
14. I
n 20
14, f
or e
xam
ple,
the
ava
ilabl
e fu
nds
reac
hed
US
$ 24
.2 b
illio
n or
incr
ease
d 45
% fr
om th
e pr
evi-
ous
year
. Thr
ough
the
com
man
d of
the
Wor
ld B
ank
that
es-
tabl
ishe
d in
the
Publ
ic P
rivat
e Pa
rtner
ship
inst
itutio
n [P
PP]
toge
ther
with
gov
ernm
ents
, dev
elop
men
t age
ncie
s an
d pr
i-va
te i
nves
tors
to
fund
inf
rast
ruct
ure
proj
ects
glo
bally
. It
beca
me
know
n as
the
Glo
bal I
nfra
stru
ctur
e Fa
cilit
ies
[GIF
] un
der t
he W
orld
Ban
k.
GIF
bec
ame
colla
bora
tion
of d
onor
s, m
ultil
ater
al d
evel
op-
men
t ban
ks an
d to
join
tly fi
nanc
e inf
rast
ruct
ure d
evel
opm
ent
in th
e PP
P sc
hem
e to
var
ious
cou
ntrie
s to
targ
et e
mer
ging
m
arke
ts [e
mer
ging
mar
ket]
and
coun
tries
that
are c
onsi
dere
d em
ergi
ng [e
mer
ging
cou
ntry
] suc
h as
Chi
na, I
ndia
, Ban
gla-
desh
, B
razi
l, N
orth
Afr
ica
and
Indo
nesi
a ar
e es
timat
ed to
co
st U
S $
1 tri
llion
for t
he n
ext 5
yea
rs.
Stat
e an
d im
peria
list i
nstit
utio
ns v
ying
to p
rovi
de d
ebt r
elie
f fo
r a
varie
ty o
f in
fras
truct
ure
proj
ects
. Whi
le g
over
nmen
ts
in c
ount
ries
such
as
Indo
nesi
a ar
e fu
nded
for i
nfra
stru
ctur
e de
velo
pmen
t, at
the
sam
e tim
e im
peria
list c
ount
ries
urge
d th
e fr
ee th
e tra
de a
nd in
vest
men
(FTA
’s)a
gend
a to
mak
e su
re
thei
r ca
pita
l, in
dust
ry a
nd g
oods
can
ent
er in
to d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es w
ithou
t bar
riers
. As
curr
ently
em
ergi
ng fr
ee tr
ade
and
inve
stm
ent
nego
tiatio
ns a
gend
a lik
es R
CEP
, TPP
and
FT
A’s n
egot
iatio
ns ro
und
in th
e W
TO.
Vario
us s
chem
es o
f “c
oope
ratio
n an
d tra
de-e
cono
mic
par
t-
ners
hip”
cro
ss-r
egio
nal A
sia-
Pacifi c
regi
on is
a c
onta
iner
of
vario
us i
nves
tmen
t sc
hem
es,
trade
in
good
s an
d se
rvic
es,
supp
orte
d w
ith m
ajor
infr
astru
ctur
e de
velo
pmen
t.
Indo
nesi
an g
over
nmen
t’s r
ole
for
land
pro
vidi
ng a
nd in
-ve
stm
ent s
ecur
ity
Indo
nesi
a’s p
ositi
on b
ecom
es v
ery
impo
rtant
in m
ajor
infr
a-st
ruct
ure
proj
ects
as
part
of th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
con
nect
ing
lines
bet
wee
n re
gion
s and
bet
wee
n co
untri
es. E
stab
lishm
ent
of in
fras
truct
ure
in In
done
sia
used
to su
ppor
t the
circ
ulat
ion
of g
oods
and
ser
vice
s as
wel
l as
prop
rieta
ry tr
adin
g im
peri-
alis
t and
col
leag
ues a
t Ind
ones
ia.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Fi
nanc
e C
orpo
ratio
n [I
FC],
an
inst
itutio
n fo
rmed
Wor
ld B
ank
said
if In
done
sia
wan
ted
to c
ontin
ue to
co
mpe
te a
s a
coun
try g
row
s ec
onom
ical
ly, i
t is
very
impo
r-ta
nt to
mak
e in
fras
truct
ure
proj
ects
as a
requ
irem
ent f
or fo
r-ei
gn c
apita
l goi
ng in
to In
done
sia.
Toge
ther
with
the
Wor
ld B
ank,
IFC
cha
nnel
for
the
Ind
o-ne
sian
gov
ernm
ent’s
deb
t am
ount
ed to
US
$ 12
bill
ion
for
four
yea
rs. B
eyon
d th
at e
ach
inst
itutio
n ha
s di
sbur
sed
US
$ 1
billi
on in
the
early
201
6’s.
IFC
als
o la
ter g
ave
Joko
wi’s
ca
pita
l to
rai
se f
unds
int
o in
fras
truct
ure fi n
ance
com
pany
na
med
PT
Sara
na M
ulti
Infr
astru
ctur
e (S
MI)
. In
add
ition
to
fore
ign
fund
s, In
done
sian
gov
ernm
ent a
lso
utili
ze p
ublic
fu
nds d
raw
n th
roug
h va
rious
sche
mes
such
as B
PJS
(sos
ial
Edi
tori
al
Fund
ing
need
s fo
r fi n
anci
ng in
frast
ruct
ure
proj
ects
in th
e w
orld
and
Asi
a P
acifi
c.S
ourc
e A
NZ,
Oxf
ord
Eco
nom
ics
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
6
Yet,
with
the
deve
lopm
ent p
lan
of W
JIA
at K
erta
jati
dis-
trict
, Maj
alen
gka
Reg
ency
, the
gov
ernm
ent s
eem
s don
’t ap
prec
iate
the
life
of th
e co
mm
unity
. The
fer
tile
Suka
-m
ulya
vill
age
is g
oing
to m
issi
ng e
aten
by
Joko
wi-J
K
and
Wes
t Jav
a Pr
ovin
cial
Gov
ernm
ent a
nti p
eopl
e am
bi-
tious
pro
ject
. Th
e pl
an o
f WJI
A d
evel
opm
ent t
hrea
t the
life
of 5
.500
pe
ople
of S
ukam
ulya
vill
age,
and
the
com
mun
ity su
ffer
huge
eco
nom
y lo
ss. F
rom
agr
icul
tura
l sec
tor a
lone
, with
av
erag
e pr
oduc
tion
of d
ry g
rain
per
hec
tar
is 7
tons
in
one
plan
ting
seas
on, w
ith 7
00 h
ecta
res
of p
addy
fi el
d,
the
com
mun
ity l
oss
thei
r pr
oduc
tion
in a
mou
nt 4
.900
to
ns p
er p
lant
ing
seas
on. I
f we
calc
ulat
e w
ith th
e pr
ice
of d
ry g
rain
that
is 4
.700
IDR
per
kg,
then
the
loss
suffe
r by
the
com
mun
ity i
s 23
.030
.000
.000
ID
R p
er s
easo
n,
not m
entio
n ot
her t
ype
of a
gric
ultu
ral c
omm
odity
suc
h as
chi
lli, s
quas
h an
d m
angg
o.
That
obj
ectiv
e co
nditi
on b
ecam
e a
valid
and
stro
ng re
ason
of s
uka-
mul
ya c
omm
unity
stru
ggle
in d
e-fe
ndin
g th
eir a
nces
tor l
and,
reje
ct-
ing
the
evic
tion
for
inte
rnat
iona
l ai
rpor
t de
velo
pmen
t, be
caus
e th
e co
mm
unity
doe
s no
t and
will
not
ge
t an
y be
nefi t
fro
m t
he a
irpor
t as
ide
of a
cute
pov
erty
.Fa
scis
t Act
ion
by W
est J
ava
Pro-
vinc
ial G
over
nmen
t by
depl
oyin
g ar
med
for
ces
for
suka
mul
ya l
and
evic
tion
The
deve
lopm
ent
of W
JIA
will
fo
rced
thro
ugh
the
crea
tion
of sp
e-ci
al c
omm
ittee
to a
ccel
erat
e ev
ic-
tion
of su
kam
ulya
vill
age,
with
no
atte
ntio
n to
Suk
amul
ya c
omm
uni-
ty’s
life
. The
wes
t jav
a pr
ovin
cial
go
vern
men
t eve
n di
d no
t res
pond
to
suk
amul
ya c
omm
unity
asp
ira-
tion.
The
las
t st
atem
ent
of w
est
java
pr
ovin
cial
go
vern
men
t is
th
e go
vern
men
t will
onl
y pr
ovid
e co
mpe
nsat
ion
with
no
relo
catio
n or
fur
ther
gua
rant
ee o
n th
e co
n-tin
uity
of
life
of s
ukam
ulya
com
-m
unity
. Th
e sp
ecia
l com
mitt
ee fo
rmed
by
wes
t ja
va p
rovi
ncia
l go
vern
men
t co
nsis
t of
wes
t ja
va p
rovi
ncia
l go
vern
men
t, m
ajal
engk
a re
genc
y
gove
rnm
ent,
maj
alen
gka
rege
ncy
land
offi
ce, w
est j
ava
regi
onal
offi
ce o
f na
tiona
l lan
d bo
dy, a
ttorn
ey, I
ndon
e-si
a M
ilita
ry a
nd P
olic
e. T
he in
itial
pla
n is
WJI
A s
peci
al
com
mitt
ee w
ill c
ondu
ct la
nd m
easu
rem
ent o
n la
nd th
at
are
goin
g to
be
acqu
isite
d by
dep
loyi
ng a
roun
d 1.
200
pers
onil
of jo
int f
orce
s fro
m m
ilita
ry a
nd p
olic
e in
Suk
a-m
ulya
vill
age,
but
this
pla
n go
t rej
ectio
n fr
om th
e co
m-
mun
ity.
Then
, th
e la
nd m
easu
rem
ent
cond
ucte
d ag
ain
on 1
7 N
ovem
ber
2016
by
depl
oyin
g 2.
000
pers
onil
of a
rmed
fo
rces
. Su
kam
ulya
com
mun
ity t
hat
alre
ady
has
been
fi gh
t fo
r 12
yea
rs, d
efen
ding
thei
r ver
y rig
hts t
o la
nd a
nd li
fe, a
n-sw
ered
with
evi
ctio
n us
ing
thou
sand
s of
arm
ed f
orce
s. V
iola
nce a
ct in
han
dlin
g pe
ople
’s as
pira
tion
is fa
scis
t ac-
tion
that
is a
nti d
emoc
racy
and
ant
i peo
ple#
#
Spec
ial R
epor
t
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
4
EDIT
ORI
AL
Infra
stru
ctur
e m
ega
proj
ect
of W
est
Java
Int
erna
tiona
l A
irpor
t (W
JIA
) loc
ated
in M
ajal
engk
a is p
art o
f the
infr
a-st
ruct
ure
proj
ects
whi
ch b
ecam
e th
e m
ains
tay
of Jo
kow
i-JK
adm
inis
tratio
n.
The
proj
ect
gain
s re
sist
ance
fro
m t
he p
eopl
e w
ho p
erfo
rm
mas
ses a
ctio
ns a
nd fi
ght t
he p
roje
ct fo
r mor
e th
an 1
0 ye
ars.
Con
stru
ctio
n of
the
airp
ort a
nd th
e bu
sine
ss d
istri
ct A
eroc
ity
is e
stim
ated
to re
quire
a b
udge
t of m
ore
than
50
trilli
on ru
-pi
ah (e
st. 3
.5 B
illio
n U
S D
olla
r) th
at fu
nded
from
the
budg
et
of W
est J
ava
Prov
ince
, the
Sta
te B
udge
t and
the
rest
is s
till
look
ing
for f
unds
from
dom
estic
and
fore
ign
inve
stor
s.
Iron
ical
ly, t
he h
uge
budg
et s
pent
whi
le I
ndon
esia
n go
vern
-m
ent
issu
e tig
ht m
oney
pol
icy
caus
ed b
y na
tiona
l bu
dget
defi c
it. I
n 20
16 J
okow
i adm
inis
trato
r m
ade
natio
nal b
udge
t cu
ts, m
ainl
y bu
dget
for s
ocia
l nee
ds a
nd p
ublic
subs
idie
s.
So th
e que
stio
n is
whe
ther
the g
over
nmen
t stil
l ins
ist o
n ex
er-
cisi
ng b
asic
WJI
A p
roje
ct e
ven
with
out r
egar
d to
the
refu
sal
of th
e pe
ople
or w
ithou
t giv
ing
clar
ity th
e fa
te o
f the
peo
ple
who
will
be
disp
lace
d.
Impe
rial
ist
Stat
e’s
role
in
infr
astr
uctu
re d
evel
opm
ent
proj
ects
.
The
infr
astru
ctur
e de
velo
pmen
t is t
he m
ain
prog
ram
Joko
wi-
JK g
over
nmen
t. It
was
refl e
cted
in v
ario
us s
tate
men
ts a
bout
th
e im
porta
nce
of in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lopm
ent a
s w
ell a
s ef
-fo
rts to
attr
act i
nves
tmen
ts in
to fi
nanc
ing
infr
astru
ctur
e de
-ve
lopm
ent p
roje
cts i
n In
done
sia.
Rec
ent a
nd la
ter b
ecam
e a
cont
rove
rsy
is th
e co
nstru
ctio
n of
a
fast
trai
n fr
om J
akar
ta to
Ban
dung
.Unt
uk c
arry
out
a w
ide
rang
e of
infr
astru
ctur
e pr
ojec
ts, t
he g
over
nmen
t Jok
owi s
et
need
s fun
ds to
reac
h R
p 4,
800
trilli
on u
ntil
2019
. Mea
nwhi
le,
the
gove
rnm
ent’s
abi
lity
only
aro
und
Rp
1,13
1 tri
llion
, so
ther
e is
a b
ig sh
orta
ge o
f suffi c
ient
fund
s.
How
co
uld
such
a
mas
sive
in
fras
truct
ure
deve
lopm
ent
laun
ched
whe
n th
e w
orld
is e
xper
ienc
ing
a cr
isis
due
to th
e st
agna
tion
of e
cono
mic
gro
wth
bot
h in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es, E
u-ro
pean
Uni
on, C
hina
, and
Jap
an?.
Inv
estm
ent i
n in
fras
truc-
ture
pro
ject
s is
an
impo
rtant
sul
utio
n as
the
mai
n w
ay to
the
expo
rt ca
pita
l and
surp
lus p
rodu
ctio
n. T
he c
risis
an
over
pro-
duct
ion
situ
atio
n ga
ve b
irth
to m
ega
profi
ts i
n th
e va
rious
co
untri
es th
at d
epen
d on
inve
stm
ent a
nd d
ebt.
The
new
snar
e on
inf
rast
ruct
ure
proj
ects
will
ext
end
the
debt
bon
dage
of
vario
us c
ount
ries
on in
vest
men
t and
deb
t. In
add
ition
to th
e ca
mpa
ign
of w
ar a
nd a
ggre
ssio
n, in
fras
truct
ure
proj
ects
als
o ha
ve th
e sa
me
role
in m
ovin
g ca
pita
l and
impe
rialis
t-ow
ned
indu
strie
s suc
h as
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es, E
U a
nd Ja
pan.
Inte
rnat
iona
l fun
ds a
vaila
ble
for i
nfra
stru
ctur
e pr
ojec
ts g
row
Hidd
en In
tere
sts
Behi
nd J
okow
i Adm
inis
trat
ion’
s In
frast
ruct
ure
Proj
ects
Jatig
ede
Dam
, Sum
e-da
ng -
Wes
t Jav
a,
one
of g
over
nmen
m
ega
proj
ects
fund
ed
by fo
reig
n in
vest
ors.
Dam
dev
elop
men
t ha
s di
spla
ced
45
thou
sand
peo
ples
, 3,
200
hect
ares
of r
ice
fi eld
s at
28
villa
ges
in
fi ve
dist
ricts
.
Som
e re
side
nts
who
ha
ve d
ispl
aced
from
Ja
tiged
e no
w b
ack
to b
e di
spla
ced
by a
hi
ghw
ay in
frast
ruct
ure
proj
ect C
isun
daw
u
BKT
Spec
ial E
ditio
n - D
ecem
ber2
016
5
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