COMMON COMMON DISEASES OF DISEASES OF
THE THE SKELETAL SKELETAL SYSTEMSYSTEM
KYPHOSISKYPHOSIS abnormal abnormal
rounding of rounding of the spine that the spine that occurs in the occurs in the upper and upper and middle part of middle part of the back the back
Causes of KYPHOSISCauses of KYPHOSIS
Poor posturePoor posturePresent at birthPresent at birthRun families or Run families or geneticsgenetics
RICKETSRICKETS bone-softening bone-softening
disease that disease that causes severe causes severe bowing of the legs, bowing of the legs, poor growth, and poor growth, and sometimes muscle sometimes muscle pain and weakness pain and weakness
Causes of RICKETSCauses of RICKETS
Lack of Vitamin DLack of Vitamin DNot enough calcium in Not enough calcium in one’s dietone’s diet
kidney and liver kidney and liver diseasesdiseases
ARTHRITISARTHRITIS inflammatioinflammatio
n, swelling, n, swelling, redness of a redness of a jointjoint
Causes of ARTHRITISCauses of ARTHRITIS cartilage is cartilage is
wearing awaywearing away lack of lack of
Synovial fluidSynovial fluid infection infection
OSTEOPOROSISOSTEOPOROSIS bone tissue bone tissue
becomes becomes brittle, thin, brittle, thin, and spongy and spongy
Causes of Causes of OSTEOPOROSISOSTEOPOROSIS
HereditaryHereditaryGenderGenderEthnicity Ethnicity History of broken bonesHistory of broken bonesLow body weightLow body weight
BONE TUMORBONE TUMOR abnormal abnormal
growth of cells growth of cells within the within the bone that may bone that may be be noncancerous noncancerous or cancerous or cancerous
Causes of BONE Causes of BONE TUMORTUMOR
HereditaryHereditaryRadiationRadiationTrauma Trauma
SCOLIOSISSCOLIOSIScauses the causes the spine to spine to curve to curve to the left or the left or right side right side
Causes of Causes of SCOLIOSISSCOLIOSIS
present at birthpresent at birthhereditaryhereditary
SPRAINSSPRAINS an injury that an injury that
happens happens when the when the ligaments get ligaments get overly overly stretched or stretched or torntorn
FRACTURESFRACTURES
Fractures commonly Fractures commonly occur when a person occur when a person has fallen, an object has fallen, an object has been dropped on has been dropped on them, or the bone them, or the bone has been twistedhas been twisted
Compound FractureCompound Fracture
a fracture in which a fracture in which broken bone broken bone fragments lacerate fragments lacerate (rip, cut, tear) soft (rip, cut, tear) soft tissue and protrude tissue and protrude through an open through an open wound in the skinwound in the skin
Compound FractureCompound Fracture
Need immediate treatment Need immediate treatment (because skin is broken)(because skin is broken)
High risk of infectionHigh risk of infection An operation is often required An operation is often required
to clean the area of the to clean the area of the fracture and realign the bonefracture and realign the bone
Compound FractureCompound Fracture
Typically caused by Typically caused by high energy injuries high energy injuries such as car crashes, such as car crashes, falls, or sport injuriesfalls, or sport injuries
Compound Fracture (cont.)Compound Fracture (cont.)
Simple FractureSimple FractureA bone that has A bone that has broken into two broken into two pieces, and has pieces, and has not broken not broken through the skinthrough the skin
Greenstick FractureGreenstick Fracture
is a fracture inis a fracture in
a young, soft a young, soft
bone in which bone in which
the bone bends the bone bends
and partially and partially
breaks (cracks)breaks (cracks)
Greenstick FractureGreenstick Fracture Is a type of an incomplete Is a type of an incomplete
fracturefracture Doesn’t displace the boneDoesn’t displace the bone Often occurs during Often occurs during
infancy and childhood infancy and childhood when the bones are softwhen the bones are soft
Greenstick FractureGreenstick Fracture
Is a result of bending Is a result of bending forces (falls)forces (falls)
Could be a result of non-Could be a result of non-accidental injury (blow on accidental injury (blow on the forearm or shin)the forearm or shin)
Comminuted FractureComminuted Fracture
Defined as a Defined as a bone that has bone that has been shattered, been shattered, splintered, or splintered, or crushed into crushed into more than two more than two piecespieces
Comminuted FractureComminuted Fracture Occurs when there has been Occurs when there has been
some kind of crushing force some kind of crushing force on the bone and can happen on the bone and can happen anywhere along the boneanywhere along the bone
It mostly occurs in elderly It mostly occurs in elderly people or people who already people or people who already have a bone weakening have a bone weakening conditioncondition