Xmd Commands Reference v.0.2

7/31/2019 Xmd Commands Reference v.0.2

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XILINXMICROPROCESSORDEBUGER(XMD)REFERENCEGUIDE

ThisguidewasdesignedtobeusedwithISEandEDK9.1.Thedebuggerprovidedby

XILINX(XMD)isatoolthatinteractswithPowerPCandMicroBlazemicroprocessors

andallows thedebuggingofprogramsand theverificationof systems.The debugger

programcanbeused forprogramsin hardwareboard,Cycle-AccurateInstructionSetSimulator(ISS)orMicroBlazeCycle-AccurateVirtualPlatform(VP)system.

InordertoaccesstheXMDtoolwithinXPS,gotoDebugLaunchXMDorgotoStart

MenuRunXMD.

To see the available commands in XMD, type help in the command line as shown

below.

XMD%help

Afterdoingthat,alistofthedifferentcommandtypesappearasseeninthenextfigure.

Now,thecommandsfoundineachtypewillbeanalyzed.Toseethecommandsineach

commandtype,writehelpandthecommandtype.

XMD%helpcommandtype

In the following pages, each command in the different commands types will be

explained.


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Commandtype:INITLoad/Initializethesystemfiles(helpinit)

TheonlycommandofthistypeisXLOAD.Withthiscommand,afilewhoseextension

couldbe*.mhs,*.xmp,and*.mss canbe loaded.The syntax tousethiscommand is

shownbelow.

XMD%xload

Rememberthemeaningofthefollowingfileextensions: MHS (Microprocessor Hardware Specification). This type of file defines

hardwarespecifications foramicrochipdesigncreatedwithXILINXPlatform

Studio(XPS);itincludeswhichdevicesthehardwarecaninterfacewith.

XMP(XILINXMicroprocessorproject).Thistypeoffileisthetop-levelprojectfileforanEDKdesign.Itisusedforprojectmanagement,andyoushouldnot

attempttoeditit.

MMS(Microprocessor SoftwareSpecification).Thistype of filedefineswhatsoftwarecanbeusedwithamicrochipdesignedwithXILINXPlatformStudio

(XPS)

Commandtype:CONNECTConnecttoSystemTarget(helpconnect)

ThiskindofcommandsisusedtoconnecttoanFPGAprototypeplatform.Inthiscase,

weusethiscommandtoconnecttothePowerPCintheML403board.Thereareseven

commandsofthistypeandtheirdescriptionsarelistedbelow.


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CONNECT:Withthiscommand,theprogramcanconnecttothetarget.Therearethree

typesoftargetsfortheXMD:mb,ppcandmdmwhichmeanMicroBlaze,PowerPCand

OPB_mdmperipheralrespectively.Inthiscase,thePowerPCintheML403isusedso

theconnectionwillbewiththeppc.Thesyntaxisshownbelow.

XMDconnect[options]

Forthiscommand,thehelpoptionisavailableinXMD.Sincethesystemofinterestis

connectedtothePowerPC,thefollowingtextinXMDshouldbewritten.

XMD%helpconnectpc

Noteintheabovefiguretheoptionsthatcanbespecifiedbyusingthiscommand.For

example,intheconnectiontypetherearetwooptions:thefirstoneimpliestheusageof

hardwareandthesecondone,theusageofasimulator.Inthiscase,thehardwareoption

will be set. In the JTAG options connections, the cable and the port used for the

transmission of information must be specified. The option selection depends on thecableconnectionthatisused(whichisxilinx_platformusb inthiscase).Thefollowing

figureshowsanexampleoftheusageofthiscommand.


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Notethatinthefollowingfigure,thecableconnectionisalsospecified.Forthisreason,

whentheconnectionisestablished,alltheinformationaboutthecableandthedevices

thatwerefoundintheconnectionshowup.SincetheML403hasthreedevicesbesidestheFPGA,theJTAGchainshowstheidcodeoftheeachdevice.


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VPCONNECT(Virtualplatformconnect):Thiscommandisusedtoconnecttothe

MicroBlazevirtualplatform.SincethePowerPCisuseinthisguide,thiscommandwill

notbeemployed.Thesyntaxisshownbelow.

XMD%vpconnectmb

VPIO:ThiscommandisalsousedonVirtualPlatformonly.Bywritingthiscommand

inXMD,theinputandoutputinterfaces(UARTandGPIO)arestartedforthevirtual

platformsystem.

XMD%vpio

TARGETS:Thiscommandliststheinformationrelatedwiththecurrenttargets.Inthis

case,weareworkingwiththePowerPCintheFPGAXC4VFX12,sowhenthisoption

isentered, the informationseenin the following figure appears.Note that theFPGA

devicecorrespondstothethirddeviceintheboard.Ifthereweremorethanonetarget,

theseonescouldbespecifiedbywritingthe targetscommandfollowedbythetargetidasshownbelow.

XMD%targets

XMD%targets

XMD%targets[systemID]

DISCONNECT: Disconnects the systems from the processor. In this case the

PowerPCwillbedisconnectedfromthesystem.Thiscommandisusedbytypingthe

commandfollowedbythetargetid.Thesyntaxisshownbelow.

XMD%disconnect

The following figure shows the usage of this command. Note that the PowerPC is

associatedwiththetarget0sothatthecommandisfollowedbythenumber0.


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Commandtype:FILESLoadELF/datafiles(helpfiles)

There is onlyone command of this type called dow, that is used todownload files.

Therearethreepossibilitiestodoitasshowninthefigurebelow.

Inthiscase,weuseanELFfilesothefollowingsyntaxwillbeused.

XMD%dow

It is important toknow thatELF (TheExecutableand Linkingformat) isacommon

standardfileformatforexecutables,objectcode,sharedlibrariesandcoredumps.The

elf file associated with the c or assembler code used in a specific project, is the

executable.elf file. The executable file and the system.bit generate the download.bit.

NoticethatthelatterfileisusedtoprogramtheFPGAwiththenewsystem.

The following figure shows the usage of this command. Note that to download the

executable.elf file, the source directory has to be specified. Remember that the

executable.elffileisintheTestApp_Memoryfolderintheproject.Alsonotethatforthis

particularprojecteachsectionisassociatedtoaspecificrangeofaddresseswhichmay

differfordifferentprojects.


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Commandtype:RUNNINGProgramExecution(helprunning)

The commands in this sectionwill beusedmore frequently since itsusage involves

programexecution,readingandwritingintheregistersandthememory.

Adetailedexplanationofeachcommandisgivenbelow.

RUN: like its name implies, runs the program from the start addresswhich can be

specifiedinXPSeithermanuallyorbydefaultwhenusingtheXPSwizard.Ingeneral,

thestartaddressisassociatedwiththebaseaddressofthememorywheretheprogramis

goingtobestored.Thesyntaxofthiscommandisshownbelow.

XMD%run

CON (continue): This command continues running the program from its current

positionorfromaspecificone.Thetwomodesofoperationareshownbelow

XMD%con


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XMD%con0x365

STP: By using this command, the user can specify the number of instructions that

he/shewantstorun.Ifthecommandiswrittenalone,only1instructionwillberun;ifit

isnot,itwillrunthenumberofinstructionsthatarespecifiedasitsargument.

XMD%stp (run1instruction)

XMD%stp8 (run8instructions)

CSTP:Withthiscommandausercanrunaspecificnumberofcyclesintheprogram.

Thesyntaxisshownbelow.NoticethatthiscommandisnotsupportedbythePowerPC

inML403board;thisonlysupportsISS/VPtargets.

XMD%cstp

XMD%cstp

RST(reset):Resetsthesystem.Thismeansthattheprocessortargetisreset.

XMD%rst

STOP:Thiscommandstopsrunningtheprogram,thatis,itstopsthetargetprocessor.

XMD%stop

RRD(RegisterRead):TheRegistersarereadwhenthecommandrrdiswritten.This

commandhastheoptionofspecifyingtheregisterthatisgoingtobereadintwoforms.

Thefirstoneis towrite thecommandfollowedby thenameof the registerorbythe

numberassociatedwiththisregister.Theexamplesoftheusageofthiscommandare

shownbelow.

XMD%rrd (readalltheregisters)

XMD%rrdregistername. (rrdr3)

XMD%rrdnumberoftheregister (rrd3)

Thefollowingfigureshowstheinformationobtainedwiththiscommand.


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Asdisplayedintheabovefigure,thereare32registersthatrangefrom r0tor31.These

registers are called the GeneralPurposeRegisters (GPRs) and are 32-bits long. The

contentsoftheGPRscanbemodifiedwithothercommandswhichwillbeexplainedlater.

SRRD (SpecialRegisterRead): The contents ofeach registercan be read after the

commandsrrdistypedinXMD.Also,specificregisterscanbereadjustlikewiththe

rrdcommand.

XMD%srrd

XMD%srrd

The information displayed after typing thesrrd command is shown in the followingfigure. The registers that appear in the figure are called Special Purpose Registers

(SPRs)whicharepartof thePowerPCarchitecture andcanbeaccessedbyusingthe

mtsprandmfsprcommands.Bymodifyingtheseregisters,theinterruptions,thetimers,

andotherimportantfunctionscanbecontrolled.Toseethisindetail,lookatreference

[powerpc405manual].

It is important to mention that each SPR has an associated address, and that these

addressesarenotnecessarilyconsecutive.ForexampleintheSave/Restoreregisters,the SRR0 and theSRR1 have as addresses 0x01A and 0x1B respectively, while the


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SRR2 and the SRR3 have as addresses 0x3DE and 0x3DF respectively. To see the

associatedaddressforeachSPRseesection3-4ofPPC405CRUsersManual.

Inthefollowingtablethedescriptionofeachregisterisspecified.

Command Description Command Description

CCR0 CoreConfigurationRegister PID ProcessID

CR ConditionRegister PIT ProgrammableIntervalTimer

CTR Counterregister PVR ProcessorVersionRegister

DAC1 DataAddressCompares SGR StoreGuardedRegister

DAC2 DataAddressCompares SLER StoreLittleEndianregister

DBCR0 DebugControlRegister SPRG0 SPRGeneralregister

DBCR1 DebugControlRegister SPRG1 SPRGeneralregister

DBSR DebugStatusRegister SPRG2 SPRGeneralregister

DCCR DataCacheCachabilityRegister SPRG3 SPRGeneralregister

DCWR DataCacheWrite-thoughregister SPRG4 SPRGeneralregister

DEAR DataExceptionAddressRegister SPRG5 SPRGeneralregister

DVC1 DataValueCompares SPRG6 SPRGeneralregister

DVC2 DataValueCompares SPRG7 SPRGeneralregister

ESR ExceptionSyndromeRegister SRR0 Save/Restoreregister

EVPR ExceptionVectorPrefixRegister SRR1 Save/Restoreregister

FPSCR FloatingPointStatusandControlRegister SRR2 Save/Restoreregister

IAC1 InstructionAddressCompares SRR3 Save/Restoreregister

IAC2 InstructionAddressCompares SU0R StorageUser-defined0Register

IAC3 InstructionAddressCompares TBL TimeBaseRegister(Lower)

IAC4 InstructionAddressCompares TBU TimeBaseRegister(Upper)

ICCR InstructionCacheCachabilityregister TCR TimeControlRegister

ICDBDR InstructionCacheDebugDataRegister TSR TimerStatusRegister

LR LinkRegister USPRG0 UserSPRGeneralRegister0

MSR MachineStateRegister XER Fixed-PointExceptionRegister

ZPR ZoneProtectionRegister

RWR (Register write):With this command the contents of the registers could be

modified. To do that, the command has to be written followed by the name of the

registerandthenewvalue.Anexampleofhowtousethiscommandisshownbelow.

XMD%rwr

XMD%rwrpc0xffff0000 (writeinthepcregisterthevalue0xffff0000)

MRD(Memoryread):Withthiscommand,anaddressoragroupofaddressescould

bereadfromthememory.Todoso,writethecommandfollowedbythestartaddressof

theblock ofmemory that isto be readandspecify the address range.The following

exampleshowstheusageofthiscommand.

XMD%mrd

XMD%mrd


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XMD%mrd

Notethattheaddresscouldbespecifiedinhexadecimal,decimalorbinaryformat.The

variablethatrepresentsthenumberofbytestoreadfromanaddressisspecified.The

lettersthatcouldbewrittentoindicatethenumberofbytestoreadfromthememory

startingfromthevalueinaddressareh(halfword2bytes),w(word4bytes)andb(byte).Tobetterunderstandthis,seetheexamplesinthefollowingfigure.

MRD_VARReads memory corresponding to global variable in theELF file. The

syntaxisshownbelow.

XMD%mrd_var

MWR(MemoryWrite):Withthiscommand,apositionorablockinthememorycan

bewritten.Thesyntaxfortheusageofthiscommandcanbeseenbelow.

%XMDmwr

%XMDmwr

The following figure showstheusage of this command. Itcanbeseenthat different

values canbewritten inablockof thememory.Note also that the valuescouldbe

specifiedinabinary,hexadecimal,andwordformatasseenpreviously.


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Command type: BREAKPOINTS Setting breakpoints and

Watchpoints(helpbreakpoints)

BPS(Breakpointsets):Thiscommandsetsabreakpointinhardwareorsoftware.To

setabreakpointinhardware,thecommandiswrittenfollowedbyanaddress.Toseta

breakpointinsoftwarethecommandiswrittenfollowedbyafunction.Noticethatin

thiscase,thelastdownloadedELFfileisusedforfunctionlookup.Toseethesyntaxof

thecommandseebelow.

XMD%bps[sw|hw]

XMD%bps[sw|hw]

WATCH(SetRead/WriteWatchpoints):Thiscommandisusedtocomparevaluesof

a specific register with the field [data] and in this way, stop the processor. This

commandiswrittenfollowedbythevariablereadorwrite [r|w]andthenthevalue.

Thesyntaxisshownbelow.

XMD%watch[r|w][data]

BPR(Breapoint/WatchpointRemove):Asitsnameimplies,withthiscommand,a

specificorallthebreakpointsandwatchpointscouldberemovedbytheuser.Thereare

fourdifferentwaysofusingthiscommandandthesyntaxisshownbelow.

XMD%bpr (bpr0x1234)

XMD%bpr (bprmain)

XMD%bpr


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XMD%bpr (bprall)

BPL(BreakpointList):Thiscommandshowsallthebreakpointsandwatchpointsthat

arecurrentlysetpreviously.Thesyntaxisshowbelow.

XMD%bpl

Inthenextfigure,anexampleoftheusageofthebreakpointscommandsisshown.First

noticethatallthebreakpointsandwatchpointsareremoved,second,thebreakpointsand

thewatchpointsarereadtobesurethattheywereremoved.Afterthattwobreakpoints

and one watchpoint are created in differing addresses. Finally, to confirm that the

breakpointsandwatchpointsweresetcorrectly,thebplcommandisused.

Commandtype:TRACETracingandProfilingOptions(helptrace)

Inthistypeofcommand,therearefourdifferentvariants,butthreeofthemarespecific

fortheISS/VPtarget.Asithasbeenexplainedbefore,thesetypesofcommandsarenot

supportedbythePowerPCintheML403.

TRACESTART(StartTracing):ThiscommandisusedonlyforISS/VPtargetsandis

usedtocollectinstructionandfunctiontraceinformationassociatedwithaspecificfile.

Thesyntaxisshownbelow

XMD%tracestart[pctracefilename][-function_name]


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TRACESTOP: This command indicates when to stop collecting instruction and

functiontraceinformation.ThisisonlysupportedbyISS/VPtargets.

XMD%tracestop[done]

STATS:DisplaysexecutionstatisticsfortheISS/VPtargets.

XMD%stats[filename]

PROFILE:Configurestheprofilesamplingfrequency,histogrambinsizeandmemory

addressforcollectingprofiledata.Italsowritestheprofileoutputfile.

XMD% profile [-o GMON output file] [-config [sampling frequency value

(Hz)]][binsizevalue][profilememory(StartAddress)]

Commandtype:MISCMiscellaneousOptions(helptrace)

DEBUGCONFIG:TheDebugsessionforthetargetisconfiguredwiththiscommand.

Asshownin theabovefigure,ithasmanyconfigurationoptions.Thesyntaxisshown

below.Formorehelptypedebugconfighelp

XMD%debugconfig[-stepmode]

[-memory_datawidth_matching]

[-vpoptions](N.A.PowerPC)

[-reset_on_run]

To see the current debug configuration type debugconfig in the command line. The

followingfigureshowssomeexamplesoftheusageofthiscommand.


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STATE: By using this command, the current state of the targets in the system is

displayed.Thereare two possibleoptions for this command. The syntaxfor the two

casesisshownbelow.

XMD%state

XMD%state

Thefollowingfigureshowstheusageofthiscommand.Notethatthetargetisstopped.

DIS (Disassemble): Disassemble instruction. This command is used only for the

MicroBlazeprocessor.ItwillnotbeusedwhenworkingwiththePowerPCarchitecture.

XMD%dis[address][num_words] (dis0x123412)

TERMINAL: With this command, the communication between the JTAG-based

hyperterminalandtheopb_mdmUARTinterfaceisstarted.SincethePowerPCisused,

thiscommandwillnotbeemployed.

XMD%terminal

XMD%terminal[-jtag_uart_server[portnumber]]


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READ_UART:Byusingthiscommandfollowedbytheword start theoutputofthe

MDM_UARTisredirectedtoa TCLchannel.Whenthecommandisfollowedbythe

wordstoptheredirectionisstopped.Finally,theTCLchannelIDcouldbespecifiedas

itshownintheexamplesbelow.Thiscommandwillnotbeused.

XMD%read_uart[start|stop]

XMD%read_uart[start|stop][TCLchannelID]

VERBOSE: Toggles verbose mode. To use this command, type verbose in the

command line. When the verbose command is used, the verbose mode switches

betweenonandoffmodes.Inthefigure,theusageofthecommandisshown.

XMD%verbose

XMD%verbose[level]

REFERENCES

[1]PowerPC405CR-EmbeddedProcessorUsersManual

[2]EmbeddedSystemToolReferenceManual.EDK9.1.

By:CarlaAgurto

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Xmd Commands Reference v.0.2