Woody Pocket Guide 3

7/31/2019 Woody Pocket Guide 3

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Shrubs

Silver Buffaloberry Shepherdiaargentea(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by chipmunk and brownthrasher

Grows well on dry, well drained, ormoist sites; will tolerate alkaline soilsGrows 10 feet tall; 8 feet wideHardiness zone 2Cultivars: Saka KawaeIdentification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; entire leaf silver onboth surfacesFruit: Fleshy with an inner seed(peach); yellowish-redTwig: Branches may have thornyprojections

Nanking Cherry Prunus tomentosa

About this shrub:Fruit eaten by woodpecker, bluejay,catbird, brown thrasher, robin, cedarwaxwing and cardinalGrows 8 feet tall; 8 feet wideHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; simple; elliptical; 2to 3 inches long; dark green edges;toothed; densely hairy beneathFruit: Red berry, 1/2 inch in diameterStem: Slender; hairy

Common Chokecherry Prunusvirginiana(native) *About this shrub:Fruit eaten by many birds andmammals such as raccoonPrefers moderately well to well drainedsitesGrows 30 feet tall; 20 feet wideHardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; simple with 2 glandsat base of petrioleFruit: Fleshy with an inner seed(peach); reddish-black

Twig: Twigs have bitter almondfragrance when crushed

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2/11

Hedge Cotoneaster CotoneasterlucidaAbout this shrub:Good density; provides cover to severalspecies of birds and mammalsTolerates poor soils; prefers cool, moist

siteHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Hairy; shiny; approximately 2inches longFruit: Large black berry 1/3 inch indiameterTwig: Includes buds; covered by 2-budscalesBark: Often peeling in strips; buff tolight brown

Highbush Cranberry Viburnumtrilobum(native)

About this shrub:Fruit eaten by birdsGrows on well drained, moist soilsGrows 6 to 15 feet tallHardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; simple; 3-lobed;bright green; 2 to 5 inches longFruit: Berry, 1/4 to 3/8 inch diameter;scarlet-red; drooping clustersTwig: Gray-brown, hairless, red-brownbudsBark: Dark gray; corky appearance

Golden Currant Ribes aureumAbout this shrub:Edible fruitExcellent ornamentalTolerates wide range of soil conditionsGrows up to 10 feet tallIdentification Tips:Leaves: Alternate or clustered, 3/4 to 2inches wide; usually deeply 3-lobed;bright green; 1/2 to 4 inches longFruit: Currants ripen to black color insummer; 1/4 inch acrossFlower: Fragrant; golden yellow; bell-like

Twig: Hairy, thornless

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3/11

Gray Dogwood Cornus racemosa

(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by ringnecked pheasant,ruffed grouse and sharptail grouseGrows well in poor soil conditions

Grows 8 feet tall; 5 feet wideHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; smooth edges; 3 to5 veins that tend to follow leaf edgestowards tipFruit: White berry on reddish stemTwig: Light brown with brownish pith

Redosier Dogwood Curnusstolonifera(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by cardinal, ruffed andsharptail grouse

Prefers sandy to clay soils; does well onmoderately wet soilsGrows 7 to 10 feet tall; 6 to 8 feet wideHardiness zone 3Cultivars: Mason, RubyIdentification Tips:Leaves: Opposite with venation parallelto edgeFruit: White berryTwig: Red in winter; white pith

Elderberry Sambucus canadensis(native)About this shrub:

Fruit eaten by birds, squirrels and otherrodentsPrefers rich, moist lowlandsGrows 6 to 8 feet tallHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; pinnatelycompound; 5 to 7 leaflets; sharplytoothed marginsFruit: Large clusters; deep purple;berry-like; 2/10 inch in diameterTwig: Stout; light brown to gray;conspicuous shield-shaped leaf scarsBark: Thick, roughened and furrowedwith age; yellowish-brown to brown

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4/11

Hazelnut Corylus sp.About this shrub:Readily eaten by squirrels, chipmunks,

jays, deer, grouse, quail and pheasantGrows 10 to 20 feet tallHardiness zone 5

Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; simple; somewhatheart-shaped; edges coarse, doublytoothedFruit: Edible nuts enclosed in thin,flattened, hairy ragged-edged paperyhusks; commercially called 'filberts'Twig: Slender; tan; covered with stiffhairsBark: Strongly multistemmed

Deciduous Holly Ilex decidua(native)About this shrub:

Fruit eaten by opossums, raccoons,other mammals, songbirds andgamebirdsGrows 10 to 20 feet tall; has aspreading crownHardiness zone 5Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; simple; elliptical tospoon-shaped; clustered on short spurtwigs; loses leaves each fallFruit: Red-orange, berry-like; persistingover winterTwig: Light gray, slender withnumerous short spur shoots

Amur Honeysuckle Loniceramaackii*About this shrub:Fruit eaten by many birds; dense foliageused as cover by animalsGrows well on many soilsModerately resistant to honeysuckleaphidHardiness zone 2Cultivars: Rem Red, Cling-redIdentification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; simple; 2 to 3 incheslong

Fruit: Red berryTwig: Older stems hollow, no pith

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5/11

Common Lilac Syringa vulgarisAbout this shrub:Good density provides cover for manybirds and mammalsBest on moist to dry soils; needs fullsunlight

Grows 20 feet tall; 15 feet wideHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite arrangement; dark,blue-green in colorFruit: CapsuleTwig: No pithFlower: Extremely fragrant

Bristly Locust Robinia hispida

(native)About this shrub:Fair wildlife valueExcellent drought tolerance; prefers well

drained soil; needs full sunGrows up to 10 feet tall; matures in 3 to5 yearsHardiness zones 4 to 8Cultivars: ArnotIdentification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; compound; brightgreen on bristle-covered branchesFruit: Seed pods covered with red-brown bristlesFlower: Large; attractive; rose-purplecolor

Amur Maple Acer ginnala*About this shrub:Prefers moist, well drained sites;tolerates wide variety of sitesGrows 20 feet tall; 20 feet wideHardiness zone 2Cultivars: FlameIdentification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; 3 lobed; 1 1/2 to 3inches longFruit: Pair of wide, curved singlewinged seeds joint at base to form a 'V'Twig: Hairless; slender; grayBark: Smooth; gray

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6/11

Common Ninebark Physocarpusopulifolius(native)About this shrub:Provides good cover for wildlifePrefers well drained to moist site; sun topartial shade

Grows 8 feet tall; 8 feet wideHardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: 3-lobed; round-toothed;hairlessFruit: Small, hollow covering over seedTwig: Older bark papery, appears to beshredded

Oleander Nerium oleanderAbout this shrub:Requires little careTolerates wide range of soil conditionsThrives in heat and sun

All parts of plant are poisonousModerate to fast growth rate up to 15feet tallHardiness zone 7Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite and evergreen; linearto elliptic and narrow; margin entire;dark green above, paler beneath; 4 to12 inches long at endFruit: Two ovaries forming nearly erectfollicles, 4 to 8 inches long; seedstwistedFlower: Various colors; often doubleforms; 5 stamens; 5 sepals; odorless

Autumn-Olive Elaeagnus umbellata*About this shrub:Fruit eaten by catbird, brown thrasher,robin, and cedar waxwingPrefers moist to dry soils; sun to partialshadeGrows 20 feet tallHardiness zone 4Cultivars: Cardinal, Elsberry, Redwing,EllagoodIdentification Tips:Leaves: Alternate arrangement on

stem; dark green top; light silver-greenbottomFruit: Red berryTwig: Occasional thorn-like projectionsalong branches

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7/11

Dwarf Willow Salix cottetiiAbout this shrub:Poor to fair wildlife valuePoor drought tolerance; moderateshade tolerance; tolerates poorlydrained soils

Grows 6 feet tall; 6 feet wide; maturesin 3 to 4 yearsCultivars: BankersIdentification Tips:Leaves: Light greenTwig: Semi-prostrate stems that rarelyexceed 1/2 inch in diameter

Desert Willow Chilopsis linearis

(native)About this shrub:Adapted to desert washes andstreambeds

Propagates easily from cuttingsGrows to 20 feet tallHardiness zone 7Identification Tips:Leaves: Simple; opposite or scattered;5 to 12 inches long, 1/3 inch wide;margins entire; light green; thinFruit: Slender capsule, 7 to 12 incheslong and 1/4 inch thick; numerousseeds; persists through winterFlower: Showy and trumpet-shaped;appear in spring and often through fallTwig: Slender; light brown

Nannyberry Viburnum lentago

(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by ruffed grouse, ring-necked pheasant, cottontail rabbit andgray squirrelGrows in dry, well drained or moist sitesGrows 20 feet tall; 10 feet wideHardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; 2 to 5 inches long;fine toothed edges; long-pointed tip;winged leaf stalkFruit: Blue-black, berry-like

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8/11

Skunkbush Sumac Rhus trilobata

(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by many birdsPrefers well drained to dry soils;tolerates alkaline and drought

conditionsGrows 6 feet tall; 5 feet wideHardiness zone 3Cultivars: BighornIdentification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; compound; 3leafletsFruit: Red; berry-like; covered with soft,dense hair

Flame Leaf Sumac Rhus copallina(native)About this shrub:Used for landscaping and wildlife

habitatPrefers moderately well to drained soilsHardiness zone 4Identification Tips:Leaves: Pinnately compound, alternatewith 9 to 21 lanceolate leaflets; smoothshiny dark green above, hairy and palebelow; leaves turn crimson in fallFruit: Small globular bright red berry indense erect spikes 4 to 8 inches tallTwig: Red; stout with very large leafscarsBark: Silvery-gray smooth with raiseddistinct lenticels; becomes scaly onolder shrubs

Four-Winged Saltbush Atriplexcanescens(native)About this shrub:Used for wildlife habitat, windbreaksand landscape plantingsPrefers high pH soils, tolerates heavywhite or black alkali; tolerates clayey tosandy soilsHardiness zone 4Cultivars: Marana, Rincon, Santa RitaIdentification Tips:Leaves: Gray-green; alternate; linear-spatulate to narrowly oblong; 1/2 to 2inches long with margins somewhatenrolled; evergreen in the southernrange; deciduous in the northern rangeFruit: A dry seed with 4 distinct, broadlydilated but variable wingsTwig: Slender; gray-scurfy; rigid;slightly spinescent; not angled at thenodes

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9/11

Rose, Bush-type Rosa sp. *About this shrub:Fruit eaten by many wild animals andbirdsUse bush type formsAdapted to wide variety of soils

Grows up to 10 feet tallIdentification Tips:Leaves: Alternate and compound, 5 to11 parted; toothed; 3 to 7 leaflets perleafFruit: Red; fleshy; covering numeroussmall seeds; usually remain on plantsall winterFlower: Usually large and showy; pinkto deep rose in colorTwig: Mostly green or reds, usuallyprickly

Amur Privet Ligustrum amurense*About this shrub:Density provides cover for wildlifePrefers moist soilsGrows 12 feet tall; 6 feet wideHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Opposite; non-toothed; hairybeneath along midrib; 1 to 2 inches longFruit: Small black berry; dull colorTwig: Densely hairy

Rainbow Plum Prunus sp.About this shrub:Excellent cover for small animals andgame birds as well as nesting sites forsong birdsAdapted to wide range of soil types;prefers moderately well drained soilsHardiness zone 3Identification Tips:Leaves: Simple, deciduous, 1 to 2inches long; alternate; lanceolate oroblong-lanceolate; sharply serratedsmall glandular teeth

Fruit: 1/2 to 3/4 inch in diameter;varicolored fruit, deep yellow to brightredTwig: Reddish-brown; lustrous; hair atfirst, glabrous later; slender; zigzagoften with spinescent spurlike lateraldivisions; lenticels horizontal andorange colored

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10/11

American Plum Prunus americana

(native)About this shrub:Fruit eaten by catbird, brown thrasher,robin and cardinalGrows 18 feet tall; 15 feet wide

Hardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: Simple; alternate; sharplytoothedFruit: Fleshy with an inner seed; about1 inch in diameter; light purple colorTwig: Armed with short, stiff spurbranchesBark: Brown or dark gray; scaly

Siberian Peashrub CaraganaarborescensAbout this shrub:Provides good cover for wildlife

Prefers well drained site; full sunlight;tolerates poor, dry soilCut back first year or two to createshrub formGrows 20 feet tall; 15 feet wideHardiness zone 2Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; compound with 8 to12 leafletsFruit: Pod approximately 1 to 2 incheslongTwig: Angled at the nodes

Hardy Orange Poncirus trifoliata

About this shrub:Used as an ornamental and for hedges;also used as a stock for citrus to makethem more hardy and as a parents inhybridizationHardiness zone 6Identification Tips:Leaves: Alternate; compound of threeleaflets; elliptical to obovate; 1 1/2inches longFruit: Like a small orange; yellow;densely pubescent; 6 to 8 celledTwig: Contains many angled spines

* indicates the plant may be considered weedy or invasive in some parts of the US and may not beappropriate for conservation uses in certain areas. Check with your local Conservation District or statedepartment of natural resources for more information on weediness and recommendations for use. Thisguide in primarily intended as an identification tool. Persons intending to use these plants for conservationor landscape should consult additional sources of information for use, establishment, and management ofthe species.

PDF document prepared by the USDA-NRCS Plant Materials Program, Beltsville, MD.

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11/11

For more information about the PM Program visit our web site at: http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, nationalorigin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited basesapply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille,large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDAs TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write the USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326W, Whitten Building, 14 th andIndependence Avenue, SW. Washington, D.C., 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunityprovider and employer.

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Documents

Woody Pocket Guide 3