Where we left off…

Hitler’s youth: Surviving Child, attended Vienna school to become an artist

Served in WWI as a communication runner and was injured twice

Hitler blamed everyone but Germany for losing the war, thought it was a political scheme

He became fascinated with Nationalism and anti-Jewish philosophies

He joined the party, takes leadership, creates the NAZI party, and stages a coup in 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch

Where we left off

Fails, get’s arrested and writes a book in jail: Mein Kampf which becomes a national best seller

Gains a lot of popularity and is appointed chancellor in 1933

In 1935, the president dies and he becomes the Fuhrer

He Stops elections, takes absolute power of Germany

Make sense up until now?

Discussion: Groups

1) What was the Treaty of Versailles? What happened to Germany?

2) What is the National Socialism Worker’s party, why were they formed? What did they want?

3) List a few of Hitler’s belief. Are they the same as those from members of the National Socialism Worker’s party?

4) How did he take power?

THE FAILURE OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

The Rise of Dictators

YouTube

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezao4SaB_94

DID YOU RECOGNIZE ANYONE?

The Birth of the League of nations

Originally proposed by the United States at the end of WWI (Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points)

Designed to be a place to discuss international conflict and ensure peace through mutual defense

Flawed from beginning- USA didn’t join- Soviet Union and Germany were not allowed in- The Spirit of Locarno (avoid war at all costs)

The League was just the will of England and France (both withdrew from aggressive foreign policy after the war)

What is totalitarianism?

Think, pair, share

Totalitarianism

- A term used by some political scientists to describe a political system in which the state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible

- First developed in a positive sense in the 1920s by the Weimar German jurist

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REGIMES

Totalitarianism (Extreme, total power)

Democracy

Charisma High MediumRole conception Leader as function Leader for the peopleEnds of power Public Private

Corruption Low (no need, no tolerance) High

Official ideology Yes No- Not as it seems

pluralism NoYes- Liberal, conservative, green party, etc.

Legitimacy Yes (because they make it so) Yes

Dictator; what is it?

Name me a few qualities of a Dictator:

1)2)3)4)5)

Dictators

Well Usually… They are quite intelligent (Sometimes)They are power HungryCharismatic They take power during Crisis They promise a better FutureThey are patriots- ProudThey rage RAGE WARThey terrorize

OUR FIRST TOTALITARIAN REGIME

What country is this?

Imperial Japan

In the 1930’s, Japan’s government was lead by the Military

Driven by their lack of natural resources and their dependence on foreign trade (especially with the USA), Japan attempted to expand its empire into Asia

SO..

In 1932, Japan conquers Manchuria (North of China)

In 1937, Japan attacks China

Nice? **** no

The Japanese were not very kind (like most totalitarian regimes)

Japanese Atrocities

The Japanese Imperial Army was extremely brutal in their treatment of the enemy

They routinely killed prisoners of war, murdered civilians, kidnapped girls to be used as “comfort women,” and used chemical and biological weapons against defenseless people

The world was outraged but the League of Nations did nothing to stop them

OUR NEXT DICTATOR IS

Fascist Italy

Benito Mussolini, a former newspaper editor, comes to power in Italy after the “March on Rome” in 1922

He is riding the people’s anger over Italy’s treatment at the treaty of Versailles, crushing poverty and a failing Italian government

Mussolini creates fascism – a combination of dictatorship (one person in charge), nationalism, imperialism, militarism with work creation schemes and social programs to provide for the people

Mussolini become wildly popular and served as a model for Hitler and other dictators

Basically

Fascism: the country is considered more important than any one person, group, liberty, or provision.

Their race is the master race

One leader

They support labor Unions (in theory)

They allow private economy but they control it

Created because they thought democracy was weak.

What does the symbol mean? A Fasces

This is an ancient Imperial Roman symbol of power carried by lectors in front of magistrates; a bundle of sticks featuring an axe, indicating the power over life and death

The image has survived as a representation of magisterial power

Like most dictators, Mussolini grew power hungry, so he…

A) Steps down from power

B) Invades other countries

Italy invades Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

As part of his idea to “rebuild the Roman Empire” Mussolini invades Ethiopia (the last free African State)

The Ethiopians have few advanced weapons but effectively fight a guerilla style war

The Italians became frustrated with the lack of progress and decided to force Ethiopia’s surrender by attacking civilians

Hundreds of thousands are killed as the Italians bomb and shell innocent people in their homes

Again, the world is outraged but nothing is done to stop the horror

DO YOU SEE THE PATERN?

HITLER AND MOUSSOLINI APPEAL TO THE PUBLIC BECAUSE?

DISCUSSThink of the WAVE

NEXT UP: Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin comes to power in the Soviet Union (formerly Russia)

Perhaps the most brutal dictator in history

Starves to death, imprisons and executes millions of his own people

And finally: Francisco Franco & Spanish Civil War

Francisco Franco, Spanish General, invades Spain from Morocco

A civil war starts between Franco’s supporters and the rest of Spain

Italy and German sent troops and weapons to help Franco

Franco seizes power in 1939

REMEMBER

THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS IS NOT DOING A DAMN THING

In Summary

Dictators (Franco, Mussolini, Hitler etc.) rise from poverty and discontent

They use brutal methods at home and against other nations

The League of Nations does not have the strength or will power to stop them

Since these dictators are not stopped, they only become more bold and aggressive

The failure of the League of Nations to act created a situation where dictators eventually gained so much power that it took a full scale war to stop them

Today

What about the U.S

TOP 10 DICTATORS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZmduW_Ye_8