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Living in a Digital World
DiscoveringComputers 2010
TOPIC 1.2
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Objectives Overview
Discuss the evolution of theInternet
Identify and briefly describevarious broadband Internet
connections and statedifferences between broadbandInternet connections and dial-
up connections
Describe the types of Internetaccess providers
Describe the purpose of an IPaddress and its relationship to a
domain name
Explain the purpose of a Webbrowser and identify the
components of a Web address
Describe how to use a searchengine to search for
information on the Web anddifferentiate between a searchengine and a subject directory
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
2See Page 73for Detailed Objectives
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Objectives Overview
Describe the types of Websites
Explain how Web pages usegraphics, animation, audio,
video, virtual reality, andplug-ins
Identify and briefly describethe steps required for Web
publishing
Describe the types of e-commerce
Explain how e-mail, mailinglists, instant messaging,
chat rooms, VoIP,newsgroups and message
boards, and FTP work
Identify the rules ofnetiquette
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
3See Page 73for Detailed Objectives
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The Internet
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networksthat links millions of businesses, governmentagencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
4Page 74Figure 2-1
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Evolution of the Internet
• The Internet originated as ARPANET in September1969 and had two main goals:
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
5Page 75
Allow scientists atdifferent physicallocations to share
information and work
together
Function even if part ofthe network were
disabled or destroyedby a disaster
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Evolution of the Internet
1969 ARPANETbecomes
functional
1984 ARPANET has
more than1,000
individualcomputerslinked as
hosts
1986 NSFconnectsNSFnet to
ARPANET andbecomes
known as theInternet
1995 NSFNetterminatesits network
on theInternet and
resumesstatus asresearchnetwork
1996 Internet2 is
founded
Today Morethan 550
million hostsconnect to
the Internet
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
6Pages 75 - 76
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Evolution of the Internet
• Each organization is responsible only formaintaining its own network
– The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) overseesresearch and sets guidelines and standards
• Internet2 connects more than 200 universitiesand 115 companies via a high-speed private
network
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
7Page 76
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click W3Cbelow Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
• Many home and small business users connect tothe Internet via high-speed broadband Internetservice
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
8Page 76
CableInternetservice
DSL
Fiber tothe
Premises(FTTP)
Fixed
wireless
CellularRadio
NetworkWi-Fi
SatelliteInternetService
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Evolution of the Internet
• An access provider is a business that provides individualsand organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
9Page 77Figure 2-2
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Evolution of the Internet
ISP (Internet service provider )
Regional ISPs provideInternet access to a
specific geographicalarea
National ISPs provideInternet access incities and towns
nationwide
Online serviceprovider (OSP )
Has many members-only features
Popular OSPs includeAOL (America Online)and MSN (Microsoft
Network)
Wireless Internetservice provider
(WISP)
Provides wirelessInternet access to
computers andmobile devices
May require awireless modem
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
10Page 78
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click Wireless Modemsbelow Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
11Page 79Figure 2-3
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Evolution of the Internet
• An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies eachcomputer or device connected to the Internet
• A domain name is the text version of an IP address – Top-level domain (TLD)
• A DNS server translates the domain name into itsassociated IP address
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
12Pages 79 – 80Figure 2-4
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Evolution of the Internet
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
13Page 80Figure 2-5
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The World Wide Web
• The World Wide Web , or Web , consists of aworldwide collection of electronic documents(Web pages )
• A Web site is a collection of related Web pagesand associated items
• A Web server is a computer that delivers
requested Web pages to your computer• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means
for users to interact
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
14Pages 80 - 81
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The World Wide Web
• A Web browser , or browser , allows users toaccess Web pages and Web 2.0 programs
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
15Page 81
InternetExplorer Firefox Opera
Safari GoogleChrome
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
16Page 81Figure 2-6
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The World Wide Web
• A home page is the firstpage that a Web sitedisplays
• Web pages provide links toother related Web pages
– Surfing the Web• Downloading is the
process of receivinginformation
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
17Pages 82 - 83Figure 2-7
• Some Web pages aredesigned specifically formicrobrowsers
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click WebLink from left navigation,then click iPhonebelow Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• A Web page has a unique address called a URL orWeb address
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
18Pages 82 – 83Figure 2-8
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The World Wide Web
• Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multipleWeb pages in a single Web browser window
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
19Page 84Figure 2-9
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The World Wide Web
• Two types of search tools are search engines andsubject directories
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
20Page 85
Searchengine
Finds informationrelated to a
specific topic
Subjectdirectory
Classifies Webpages in an
organized set ofcategories
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The World Wide Web
• A search engine is helpful in locating items suchas:
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
22Page 85
Images Videos Audio News
MapsPeople or
Businesses Blogs
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
23Page 86Figure 2-11
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The World Wide Web
• Some Web browsers contain an Instant Searchbox to eliminate the steps of displaying the searchengine’s Web page prior to entering the searchtext
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
24Page 87Figure 2-12
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The World Wide Web
• There are thirteen types of Web sites
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
26Pages 88 – 91Figure 2-15
Portal News Informational Business/Marketing
Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork
Educational
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The World Wide Web
Entertainment Advocacy WebApplication
ContentAggregator
Personal
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
27Pages 91 – 92Figure 2-15
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Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
28
CLICK TO START
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The World Wide Web
• Information presentedon the Web must beevaluated for accuracy
•
No one oversees thecontent of Web pages
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
29Page 92Figure 2-16
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The World Wide Web
• Multimedia refers to any application thatcombines text with:
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30Page 92
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The World Wide Web
• A graphic is a digitalrepresentation ofnontext information
•
Graphic formats includeBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG,and TIFF
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
31Page 93Figure 2-17
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The World Wide Web
• A thumbnail is a smallversion of a largergraphic
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
32Page 94Figure 2-19
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The World Wide Web
• Animation is the appearance of motion createdby displaying a series of still images in sequence
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33Page 94
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The World Wide Web
• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size
• You listen to audio on your computer using a player• Streaming is the process of transferring data in a
continuous and even flow
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
34Pages 94 – 95Figure 2-20
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The World Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
35Page 95Figure 2-21
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The World Wide Web
• Video consists of full-motion images that areplayed back at various speeds
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
36Page 96Figure 2-22
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The World Wide Web
• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers tosimulate a real or imagined environment thatappears as a three-dimensional space
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37Pages 96 – 97Figure 2-23
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The World Wide Web
• A plug-in is a program that extends the capabilityof a Web browser
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38Page 97Figure 2-24
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The World Wide Web
• Web publishing is the development andmaintenance of Web pages
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
39Page 98
Plan aWeb site
Analyzeand
design aWeb site
Create aWeb site
Deploy aWeb site
Maintaina Web
site
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E-Commerce
• E-commerce is a business transaction that occursover an electronic network
– M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes placeusing mobile devices
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40Page 98
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E-Commerce
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
41Pages 98 - 99
E-commerce
Business-to-
consumer(B2C)
Consumer-to-
consumer(C2C)
Business-to-
business(B2B)
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E-Commerce
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
42Page 99Figure 2-25
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Other Internet Services
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
44Page 102Figure 2-27
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Other Internet Services
• A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addressesgiven a single name
– Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address –
Unsubscribing removes your name
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
45Page 103Figure 2-28
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Other Internet Services
• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internetcommunications service
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
46Page 104Figure 2-29
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Other Internet Services
• A chat is a real-timetyped conversation thattakes place on a
computer• A chat room is a
location on an Internetserver that permits
users to chat with eachother
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
47Page 105Figure 2-30
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Other Internet Services
• VoIP (Voice over IP)enables users to speakto other users over the
Internet – Also called Internet
telephony
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
48Page 106Figure 2-31
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Other Internet Services
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standardthat permits file uploading and downloading withother computers on the Internet
• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities• An FTP server is a computer that allows users to
upload and/or download files using FTP
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
50Page 107
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Netiquette
• Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internetbehavior
Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital WorldChapter 2
51Page 108Figure 2-33
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Living in a Digital World
DiscoveringComputers 2010
