3 WHAT IS A WSP? A way to ensure safe drinking-water by:
Knowing the system thoroughly Identifying where and how problems
could arise Multibarrier approach - Putting barriers and management
systems in place to stop the problems before they happen Making
sure all parts of the system work properly A comprehensive risk
assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps
in water supply from catchment to consumer Fits within a framework
for safe drinking-water 3
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4 INSPIRING CHANGE FOCUS IS ON WATER SUPPLIER Regulators
Regional or local Government National Government Health Local
builders, plumbers & water fittings suppliers Water supplier
National associations dealing with builders, plumbers, retailers
& manufacturers Catchment managers National/regional water
associations CONSUMERS Catchment Users Raw water catchment
Community & consumer groups
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OVERVIEW OF WATER SAFETY PLANS 5 Assemble team (Module 1)
Develop supporting programmes (Module 9) Plan & carry out
periodic WSP review (Module 10) Verify the effectiveness of the WSP
(Module 7) Develop, implement & maintain an improvement plan
(Module 5) Determine & validate control measures, reassess
& prioritize risks (Module 4) Identify the hazards & assess
the risks (Module 3) Revise WSP following incident (Module 11)
Describe the water supply system (Module 2) Define monitoring of
control measures (Module 6) incident Feedback Management &
communication Monitoring System assessment Prepare management
procedures (Module 8) Preparation
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6 INSPIRING CHANGE WSPS AND CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT Part of WSP
process is identifying hazards and assessing risk Identify all
hazardous events that could contaminate, compromise or interrupt
supply Identify all potential hazards in supply chain (from source
to tap) Evaluate the risks associated with each hazard/hazardous
event Examples Heavy rainfall (hazardous event) may promote the
introduction of microbial pathogens (hazards) into the source water
Flooding can result in damaged infrastructure Drought can
compromise water supply and water quality
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7 INSPIRING CHANGE EMPHASIS ON TREATMENT FOR WATER QUALITY
CatchmentTreatmentDistributionConsumers Cost Barriers / Control
Measures Water utilities range of control
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8 INSPIRING CHANGE BETTER CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT Catchment
management improves water supply downstream (quantity and quality)
Increase source water quality OR ensure source water quality does
not deteriorate Decrease intensity of treatment processes reduce
costs (chemicals, energ) Decrease the necessity to seek new water
resources (time and money) Decrease water quality variance more
predictable quality Understanding flood and drought hazards enables
better planning for infrastructure investment (e.g. storage and
networks), risk mitigation measures (e.g. urban storage and
drainage)
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9 INSPIRING CHANGE LINKING CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT AND WSP
Identify key catchment stakeholders Map and characterise catchments
Identify hazards and hazardous activities Assess risks which could
compromise treated water quality Implement risk based raw water
monitoring Develop catchment warning and response procedures
Promote catchment risk mitigate measures Verify effectiveness of
catchment controls Assess need for improved treatment to reduce
risk Balance between need for enhanced treatment and likely
effectiveness of catchment controls Develop catchment partnerships
Flood and drought information is needed
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10 INSPIRING CHANGE CATCHMENT PARTNERSHIPS Water Associations
Water Supplier Catchment users Catchment managers Policy and
Legislation Local implementation Catchment Level National /
regional level
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Development of tools to incorporate impacts of climatic
variability and change, in particular floods and drought, into
basin planning processes
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PROJECT RATIONALE Climatic variability and change is increasing
in the form of more frequent, severe and less predictable floods
and droughts Growing sense of urgency among countries, basin
organizations and other end users such as utilities to build
resilience towards floods and droughts Risks related to hydrologic
uncertainty is magnified in transboundary contexts, where
cooperation among countries is essential to any coping
strategy.
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PROJECT BACKGROUND Initiated by the Global Environment Facility
(GEF) secretariat and UNEP to look at methodologies for addressing
extreme weather events Partners IWA, DHI and UNEP DHI expertise on
development of tools for water managemnet IWA engaging with key end
users (especially utilities) to develop and test methodology GEF
needs to develop a tool to better address floods and drought issues
in its portfolio more than 50 IWRM-related projects in 30 lake and
river basins throughout the world. GEF projects have shown flood
and droughts to be a priority transboundary concern, along with the
other multiple drivers that cause depletion and degradation
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14 INSPIRING CHANGE Project Goal The project aims at
contributing to the global efforts being made to maintain
acceptable levels of societal and ecosystem sustainability
vis-a-vis growing climatic uncertainty and unpredictability.
Project Objective Improve the ability of land, water and urban area
managers operating in transboundary river basins to recognize and
address, as part of the TDA-SAP, IWRM plans and water safety plans
processes, the implications of the increased frequency, magnitude
and unpredictability of flood and drought events
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15 INSPIRING CHANGE OVERALL PROJECT DESIGN
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16 INSPIRING CHANGE PROJECT OUTPUTS Developing a generic
methodology for basins, which uses tools and decision support
systems that integrate information on floods and droughts to:
Transboundary Diagnostic Analyses and Strategic Action Plans IWRM
and Water safety plans. Based on an assessment of present
approaches, and developed through consultation with stakeholders
Combination of learning and pilot transboundary basin
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17 INSPIRING CHANGE BASINS Pilot Basins Direct testing of
generic methodology to incorporate floods and droughts into
planning Lake Victoria, Volta, Chao Phraya Learning Basins
Consultations to understand how DSS are being applied and used in
planning and what can be improved Danube Identify main water
management issues and use these as a starting point for discussion
Opportunity to take stock of how the basin is managing flood
events, what are the gaps and what can be developed in the
future
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18 INSPIRING CHANGE BasinGEFTransboundary institution
LocationNos. of countries in basin Flood and drought impacts Major
urban area Existing water safety plans Volta2006 - date Volta Basin
Authority West Africa 6Serious irregular flooding and drought
Ouagadoug ou Under developme nt Chao Praya Not earlier NoneSouth
East Asia 1Extremely serious BangkokUnder developme nt Lake
Victoria 1997 - date Lake Victoria Basin Commission East Africa
5SeriousKampala, Mwanza and Kisumu Yes
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WHAT IS THE METHODOLOGY? Most advanced commercially available
Decision Support Systems (DSS) combine databases, models, GIS and
web technologies with configurable decision logics. Information is
processed in such a way to produce various scenarios to make
informed decisions Project will develop open access modules to
allow the integration of flood and drought elements and of likely
climatic scenarios into more commonly used DSSs, and apply them to
IWRM planning, to the TDA process, and to WSPs.
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STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT Emphasis is to be placed on the
management of floods and droughts affecting urban and industrial
areas that are the centers of economic growth, assets and wealth
creation. Links with utilities and WSPs that incorporate catchment
management WSP will complement wider basin planning and provide in
depth engagement with end users Provides opportunity for awareness
raising on river basin management benefits at local level (urban
and industrial)
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21 INSPIRING CHANGE DISCUSSION Risks and Hazards What specific
risks and hazards around floods and droughts, have you encountered
which you would like to include in planning processes? What kind of
information do you currently gather around floods and droughts
(quantitative and qualitative) in the TDA/SAP process? Decision
support systems What type of decision support tools (especially for
floods and droughts) are you familiar with? How are using them?
What type of outputs do you use or are you looking for from a DSS
which focuses on floods and droughts? How would use information
from a DSS in a TDA process and planning? Stakeholder engagement
How do you engage with other stakeholders at local level (e.g
industries, utilities, etc)?