Water Management Plan-Sustainability

Learning legacyLessons learned from the London 2012 Games construction project

Water Management PlanChampion Products are examples of tools and formats used by the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) in executing its programme. The ODA is publishing these as part of its Learning Legacy in the anticipation that they may be of use to future projects seeking best practice examples of tools and templates that have been used successfully on a large, complex programme.

Purpose of the document, description and how it was usedThe purpose of this Water Management Plan (WMP) was to provide a high-level framework in which to facilitate the effective water management of the construction phase of the Olympic Park.

The WMP was required under Condition SP.0.7 of the Olympic, Paralympic and Legacy Transformation Site Preparation Planning Approval. It realised a commitment defined in the Olympic Park Code of Construction Practice (CoCP) to produce a WMP for the construction of the Park.

The CoCP included an objective to carry out works and implement mitigation methods to protect

surface and groundwater from pollution and other adverse impacts, including changes to flow, water levels and quality.

This WMP identified and described the groundwater bodies and surface watercourses that could potentially be affected by the construction activities, either directly or indirectly. It also provided an overview of the mitigation measures that would be employed by contractors working on the Park site and summarised the water monitoring strategies.

Benefit to future projectsThe Water Management Plan would be useful as a template for a management or control plan for a major construction project.

Olympic ParkWater Management Plan

REP-ATK-TE-ZZZ-ZZZ-XXX-Z-0001February 2009

© 2011 Olympic Delivery Authority. The official Emblems of the London 2012 Games are © London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Limited (LOCOG) 2007. All rights reserved.

The construction of the venues and infrastructure of the London 2012 Games is funded by the National Lottery through the Olympic Lottery Distributor, the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, the Mayor of London and the London Development Agency.

For more information visit: london2012.com/learninglegacy Published October 2011ODA 2011/009

Olympic ParkWater Management Plan

REP-ATK-TE-ZZZ-ZZZ-XXX-Z-0001February 2009

WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN

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ContentsSection Page1. Introduction 1-11.1 Document purpose 1-1

1.2 Document review and revision 1-1

1.3 Document context and other documentation 1-1

1.4 Scope of this Water Management Plan 1-5

1.5 Legislative Framework 1-6

1.6 Roles and Responsibilities 1-8

1.7 Environment Regulators 1-9

1.8 Document Structure 1-102. Description of Surface Water and Groundwater Features 2-12.1 Surface Water Features 2-1

2.2 Groundwater 2-3

2.3 Licensed Abstractions from Controlled Waters 2-53. Measures to Protect Against Pollution of Surface Waters Features 3-13.1 Overview of Proposed Surface Water Protection Measures 3-1

3.2 Management of Surface Waters 3-1

3.3 Management of Water from Dewatering Operations 3-2

3.4 Erosion and Sediment Control 3-4

3.5 Source Control Measures 3-5

3.6 Surface Water Drainage Systems 3-7

3.7 Treatment of Water Prior to Discharge 3-8

3.8 Testing of Water 3-10

3.9 Regulation of Discharges from the Site 3-13

3.10 General Maintenance Procedure 3-14

3.11 Emergency Procedures 3-14

3.12 Construction and Diversion of New Watercourses 3-14

3.13 Emergency Access Points to Watercourses 3-164. Groundwater Protection 4-14.1 Groundwater Protection Zones 4-1

4.2 Required Actions to Protect Groundwater 4-1

4.3 Control of Disturbance to Groundwater Levels 4-2

4.4 Unanticipated Disturbance of Groundwater Levels 4-35. Water Use During Construction 5-15.1 Reducing Potable Water Demand 5-1

5.2 Non-potable Supply During Construction 5-1


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6. Water Quality Monitoring Requirements 6-16.1 Surface Water Monitoring Strategy 6-1

6.2 Global Groundwater Monitoring Strategy 6-1

6.3 Review of Monitoring Results 6-27. References 7-1

List of Tables Table 1.1 – Requirements for PWMP 1-3Table 2.1 – Surface Water Features 2-1Table 2.2 - Generalised Stratigraphic Sequence of the Geology Beneath the Site 2-4Table 2.3 – Licensed Surface Water Abstractions 2-5Table 2.4 – Licensed Boreholes in the Olympic Park 2-6Table 3.1 - Monitoring Standards for Surface Water and Action Levels 3-11

List of FiguresFigure 3.1- Flow Diagram of on Site Control Measures for Surface Water 3-2Figure 3.2 - Flow diagram of on Site Control Measures for Dewatered Water 3-4

AppendicesAPPENDIX A: Surface Water Features A-1APPENDIX B: Underground Strata B-1APPENDIX C: Surface Water Abstractions Within 2km of the Olympic Park C-1APPENDIX D: Groundwater Abstractions D-1APPENDIX E: Groundwater Protection Zones E-1APPENDIX F: Emergency Access Points to Watercourses F-1


REP-ATK-TE-ZZZ-ZZZ-XXX-Z-0001 1-1

1. Introduction The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) will create the Olympic Park and other venues for the London 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. This role is supported by the ODA Delivery Partner (DP). The ODA and the DP have a shared vision to achieve excellence in health, safety, and environmental protection. Furthermore, the ODA has committed to optimising positive and minimising adverse impacts on groundwater and surface water.

1.1 Document purpose

The purpose of this Programme Water Management Plan (PWMP) is to provide a high-level framework in which to facilitate the effective water management of the construction phase of the Olympic Park. This PWMP is required under Condition SP.0.7 of the Olympic, Paralympic and Legacy Transformation Site Preparation Planning Approval (PDT ref. 07/90011/FUMODA) and realises a commitment defined in the Olympic Park Code of Construction Practice (CoCP) (Ref. 1) to produce a PWMP for the construction of the Olympic Park.

The CoCP includes an objective to carry out works and implement mitigation methods to protect surface and groundwater from pollution and other adverse impacts, including changes to flow, water levels and quality.

This PWMP covers the topics described in Annex 2 to Site Preparation Planning Approval and defines the relationship between ODA, the DP, the Principal Contractors (PCs) and other suppliers, with reference to the requirements of the CoCP and this PWMP. It identifies and describes the groundwater bodies and surface watercourses that could potentially be affected by the construction activities, either directly or indirectly. It also provides an overview of the mitigation measures that will be employed by contractors working on the Olympic Park site and summarises the water monitoring strategies.

1.2 Document review and revision

This PWMP will be reviewed at regular intervals and if required, updated at a minimum every 6 months. In the future it should be updated to include the management of surface water during the transformation phases of the Olympic Park and venues. Any reviews will be undertaken in consultation with the statutory and non-statutory consultees detailed in section 1.6, as appropriate.

1.3 Document context and other documentation

There are a number of inter-related documents which should be read in conjunction with this PWMP. It is intended that this PWMP complements these documents and avoids substantial repetition. The PWMP forms part of the ODA Delivery Partner’s Environment Management System (EMS) and is one of several Topical Environmental Management Plans (EMP) appended to the Programme Environmental Management Plan (PEMP). In accordance with the Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) Standard and the CoCP, the Principal Contractor for each Project and non-Olympic Park venue is required to produce its own project-specific



WMP, which will support this PWMP. These project specific plans will fall under the review of the Project Environment Manager, who will also be responsible to see that these plans are updated periodically as required.

1.3.1 ODA Sustainable Development Strategy

A key objective of the ODA’s Sustainable Development Strategy is to ‘optimise positive and minimise adverse impacts on water’. It also defines specific actions to be implemented by the ODA, DP or the PCs to achieve this objective during the construction phase, as follows:

� Environment Management Plans to be in place prior to commencement of construction; and

� Publication of the ODA’s Design & Construction HSE Standard (see section 1.3.2).

1.3.2 Design and Construction Health, Safety and Environment Standard

Appendix 4 of the ODA’s Design and Construction HSE Standard identifies the following potential impacts and mitigation measures than need to be considered by Contractors to protect water quality and prevent flooding:

� Prevent soil erosion and generation of sediment residues;

� Prevent surface water runoff from contaminated land;

� Prevent spills or leaks from impacting water quality;

� Protect the integrity of surface water and groundwater systems;

� Manage storm water drainage and prevent flooding; and

� Discharge to controlled waters or foul water system in accordance with consents.

1.3.3 Olympic Park Code of Construction Practice

The CoCP for the Olympic Park contains an objective that ‘works will be carried out and working methods implemented to protect surface and groundwater from pollution and other adverse impacts including change to flow, volume, water levels and quality. This will be completed in accordance with relevant legislative requirements and appropriate industry guidance.’

The CoCP sets out a number of PC general provisions; provides overall guidance with respect to the protection of watercourses; details measures to control the risk of pollution to surface and groundwater; describes minimum requirements for dewatering and defines how flood risk will be managed.

The CoCP also sets out the requirements of Annex 2 to Site Preparation Planning Approval which, provides an outline for this PWMP and is summarised in Table 1.1 below. The relevant sections of this plan to which they relate are also provided:



Table 1.1 – Requirements for PWMP

CoCP requirements Relevant sections

A description and definition (including schedules and maps) of surface watercourses and underground strata likely to be affected by the construction, either directly or indirectly.

Section 0

Appendix A

Appendix B

Maps showing all licensed abstractions of surface and groundwater within 2km of the Olympic works

Appendix C

Appendix D

The measures to protect against pollution of ground and surface water, which will include the following as appropriate:

Drainage/treatment of contaminated effluent/potentially contaminated water;

Discharge to public sewer;

Discharge via settlement tanks or ponds;

Installation of balancing ponds (lagoons);

Installation of interceptors;

Control of potentially polluting substances to prevent accidental contamination of land or water bodies;

Control of excavated material and other materials to prevent spillage, particularly during periods of higher flood risk (September to March), through appropriate handling and selection of materials storage locations; and

Monitoring and maintenance of drainage systems, collection ditches, lagoons and interceptors.

Sections 3 and 4 See Figure 3.1 and Figure 3.2

The types of precautions when constructing diverted or new watercourses, culverts or bridges across watercourses to control and limit particularly during the higher flood risk period (September to March) any adverse impact on watercourses, flows, erosion, sedimentation or conservation interest. Watercourse diversions or new lengths of culvert will be brought into use before existing watercourses or culverts are abandoned.

Section 3.12

Plans showing emergency flood management access points to the watercourses.

Section 3.13

Appendix F

A summary groundwater protection matrix, indicating protection measures likely to be required for various construction activities in designated groundwater protection zones for abstraction boreholes.

Section 4



CoCP requirements Relevant sections

Maps of all groundwater protection zones defined by the Environment Agency, for all sources whose catchment zone is impacted by ODA works.

Appendix E

Issues relating to contaminated land affected by the construction, together with proposals for protection of surface and groundwater.

Section 3.3

Reference to procedures to be adopted in the event of unanticipated disturbance of groundwater levels affecting abstractions, watercourses or springs.

Section 4 and Section 4.3

Arrangements for the supply of water to be used during construction, including avoiding unnecessary use of potable water.

Section 5

Water quality monitoring requirements. Section 6

1.3.4 Project Water Management Plans

In accordance with the HSE standard and ODA Delivery Partner EMS, each Project is required to prepare a project-specific Environmental Management Plan to which a project-specific WMP should be appended. These project-specific WMPs should draw from and augment this PWMP.

These plans will follow the framework provided in this PWMP with greater detail in areas that are relevant to the specific project and the area directly or indirectly affected by the proposed actions. The format for these plans should include:

� Project Overview;

� Potential impacts related to:

o Site mobilisation; o Earthworks and dewatering; o Construction in or near watercourses; and o Discharges of surface water from the site.

� Proposed mitigation to offset these impacts, which may reference the appropriate Method Statements for specific activities;

� Details of pollution prevention and control measures;

� Proposed monitoring of surface water, groundwater and discharges; and

� Details of any treatment required, discharge arrangements and other permits, licences or consents required.

The Environment Agency (EA) and British Waterways (BW) will be consulted on the project-specific WMPs where discharges to watercourses from site occur either adjacent to, or upstream of, waterways under their jurisdiction. Consultation will include the provision of information relating to increases in flow volume arising from discharge arrangements to ensure appropriate updates to on site flood modelling.



1.3.5 Procedures and Activity Specific Method Statements

Detailed procedures are to be developed to prescribe specific actions to ensure the water management requirements are met. Method statements for all works shall take account of the water environment and include mitigation and protection measures where appropriate. Method Statements shall be tailored to the specific activities proposed, incorporating the water management requirements described within this PWMP. Method Statements shall be reviewed by the Site Environmental Manager to confirm that work methods comply with the environmental requirements.

1.3.6 Olympic Park Environment Statement

The Olympic Park Environment Statement (ES) describes the baseline conditions at the site based on the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The ES includes the following main topic and subtopic areas of relevance to the water management on site:

� Water Environment: including flood risk, surface water features; geomorphology, water quality and aquatic ecology;

� Soil Conditions, Groundwater and Contamination: including geology, hydrogeology and groundwater quality; and

� Terrestrial Ecology and Nature Conservation.

The EIA identifies the environmental features of most importance and assesses the effects of the development on these features. This assessment is followed by a discussion of the potential adverse and beneficial effects of activities that will take place during construction, the Olympic Games and the legacy transformation. The ES also highlights mitigation approaches including features that may be enhanced, created, restored and/or managed.

1.3.7 Post EIA Water Surveys, Assessments and Monitoring

A number of post EIA water surveys, assessments and monitoring have been undertaken since completion of the EIA. Most are documented in the following reports:

� Intertidal fish survey of the lower Channelsea River and other watercourses;

� Surface and groundwater quality monitoring programmes (ongoing); and

� Fluvial geomorphological assessment of the watercourses (ongoing).

1.4 Scope of this Water Management Plan

1.4.1 Water Management during Enabling, Construction, and Legacy Transformation

This PWMP provides the framework for managing the water environment consistently across the Olympic Park and non-Olympic Park venues. It will apply throughout all phases of the development, including the legacy transformation phase. However, it is recognised that requirements will change during the life of the Programme and that



regular reviews and updates will be necessary to ensure this Plan is relevant and valid. These reviews will take place at a minimum every 6 months.

1.5 Legislative Framework

The water environment is protected by law under UK and European legislation. Failure to adhere to these policies and to take the necessary precautions can lead to prosecution and severe financial penalties. The relevant legislative requirements are listed below.

1.5.1 European Legislation

Water Framework Directive

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) is currently being implemented and will be an important driver for improving water quality, on a river basin to local scale. The Directive has initiated two keys measures relating to surface water in which the water environment must be managed, these are:

� Broader ecological objectives designed to protect, restore and maintain aquatic ecosystems and safeguard the sustainable use of water as a resource; and

� River Basin Management Planning system (RBMP), ensuring the integrated management of ‘Transitional Waters’.

As part of the WFD Article 5 Risk Assessments, in 2004 the EA has reviewed ‘natural’ water bodies. The risk assessment classified the River Lea as follows with respect to the WFD objectives:

� At risk, in relation to point source pollution;

� At risk, in relation to diffuse source pollution;

� Probably at risk, in relation to water abstraction and flow regulation;

� Probably at risk, in relation to physical or ‘morphological’ alteration; and

� Probably at risk, in relation to alien species.

Water Quality Directives

There are a number of European Directives of relevance to surface water quality on site. The UK Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) were derived from the EC Dangerous Substances Directive (76/464/EEC) from which the EQS for various water uses were produced, including:

� Drinking Water (75/4440/EEC);

� Freshwater Fisheries Directive (78/659/EEC);

� Shellfish Directive (79/923/EEC); and

� Bathing Water Directive (76/160/EEC).



1.5.2 UK Legislation

The Water Resources Act 1991 and the Land Drainage Act 1994 remains the primary legislative framework for surface water quality. The Water Resources Act (UK Government 1991) sets out the responsibilities of the EA. It also sets out many of the regulatory measures associated with the water environment, such as consents for discharges and abstractions. The Water Act (UK Government 2003) updates existing legislation with respect to abstraction, amends the regulation of the water industry and amends legislation relating to the requisition of sewers and drains.

The Environment Act 1995 can be utilised to prosecute for any discharges that contravene relevant water quality standards (UK Environmental Quality Standards - EQS), and these include those related to remediation and/or construction activities.

Planning permission for the works being undertaken on the Olympic Park was granted under the Town and Country Planning Act 1991 (as amended). The requirement for this PWMP is set out in Condition SP.0.7 of the planning permission granted by the ODA Planning Decisions Team (PDT) reference no. 07/90011/FUMODA dated 28 September 2007. Therefore, compliance with this plan is mandatory and any change to the plan will require the permission of the ODA PDT.

1.5.3 Guidelines

The following guidelines should be consulted with regards to the protection of surface and ground waters pertinent to the Olympic Park:

Environment Agency Pollution Prevention Guidance (Ref. 2):

� PPG 1 – General Guide to the Prevention of Pollution

� PPG 2 – Above Ground Storage Tanks

� PPG 3 – Use and Design of Oil Separators in Surface Water Drainage Systems

� PPG 4 - Treatment and disposal of sewage where no foul sewer is available

� PPG 5 – Works in, Near or Liable to Affect Watercourses

� PPG 6 – Working at Construction and Demolition Sites

� PPG 13 – High Pressure Washers and Stream Cleaners

� PPG 18 – Managing Fire Water and Major Spillages

� PPG 21 – Pollution Incident Response Planning

� PPG 22 – Dealing with Spillages on Highways

� PPG23 – Maintenance of structures over water

CIRIA Industry guidance:

� CIRIA C532 – Control of Water Pollution from Construction Sites (Ref. 3)



� CIRIA C650 – Environmental Good Practice on Site (Ref. 4)

� CIRIA C648 – Control of water pollution from linear construction projects (Ref. 5.)

1.6 Roles and Responsibilities

1.6.1 ODA

The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) is the public body responsible for the delivery of the new venues and infrastructure for the Games and the legacy that will follow. The ODA has prepared and adopted a HSE Policy and a HSE Standard, which requires that all works carried out or commissioned by the ODA will operate within the UK environmental legislative framework and European Union Directives. The ODA is also committed delivering the objectives in its Sustainable Development Strategy and the CoCP.

1.6.2 ODA Delivery Partner

The ODA DP is performing a programme management role, supporting the ODA in managing the delivery of the construction programme for the Olympic Games. The DP also provides an assurance role to the ODA.

1.6.3 Delivery Partner Environment Team

The DP Environment Team is tasked with preparing, reviewing and updating the Programme EMS and the PEMP. The Team will provide assurance to the ODA that the Projects implement and comply with the requirements of this PWMP and individual project-specific WMPs and other related documents. The DP Environmental Team will review the project-specific WMPs for consistency and relevance to this PWMP.

1.6.4 Principal Contractor

The PC for each Construction Zone has overall accountability and responsibility for ensuring compliance with environmental legislation and ODA/DP’s requirements and objectives, including those detailed in this PWMP. The PC will nominate a Project Environment Manger to prepare and ensure the implementation of a project-specific WMP for its scope of works.

1.6.5 Project Environment Managers

Project Environment Managers prepare, review, and update as required, a Project EMP following the outline set out in the CoCP and the HSE Standard. A project-specific WMP will be appended to this and will reflect and complement the PEMP and include site-specific requirements. The Project Environment Managers are responsible for the implementation of relevant elements of this PEMP and the project-specific WMP. The Project Environment Managers also review Method Statements to ensure that the works are undertaken in a manner which is consistent inter alia with the project-specific WMP.



1.6.6 Site Supervisors

Site Supervisors are responsible for coordinating the implementation and the enforcement of the project-specific WMP. The Site Supervisors ensure that the contractors and site personnel are complying with prescribed protocols for protecting the water environment.

1.6.7 Site Personnel

All site personnel are to be made aware of the need to protect the water environment. This awareness is achieved through site inductions, toolbox talks and briefings prior to the start of any new activity or work in new area.

1.6.8 Non-Olympic Park Venue Environment Managers

The non-Olympic Park venue Environment Managers prepare, review and update as required, a venue-specific EMP, which should include an appended WMP. This WMP reflects and complements the PEMP, as necessary. However, it is recognised that some venues will not require any significant development or construction works and may already be operating within an EMS and site-specific ecological management plan or BAP. In such cases, exact requirements will be discussed and agreed with the DP Environment Team.

1.7 Environment Regulators

There are a number of regulating bodies that have influence in decisions made for the planning and implementation of environmental activities for the delivery of the Olympic Park. The primary decisions are made by the EA and BW. Liaison will also be required with Thames Water. Their roles and responsibilities are described below. In addition, this document is required to discharge a planning condition and as such the decision maker is the ODA PDT.

1.7.1 Environment Agency

The EA is the leading public body for protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales and has the role to ensure that air, land and water are looked after. It is responsible for the regulation of land quality, industrial pollution, waste management, radioactive substances, water resources and water quality. The EA is also responsible for issuing licences, permits and consents under a wide range of environmental legislation. EA is a statutory consultee for consideration of planning applications.

1.7.2 British Waterways

BW is the organisation responsible for maintaining the network of historic canals and navigable rivers within the Olympic Park, and is also a landowner for part of the site. BW has statutory duties to safeguard the environment and their heritage and environmental duties are confirmed in the British Waterways Act 1995. BW is a statutory consultee for consideration of planning applications.



1.7.3 Thames Water

Thames Water is the water and sewerage undertaker with responsibility for the Olympic Site. Its roles and responsibilities are defined by the Water Industry Act (1991) and the Water Act (2003). It is expected that applications will be made to Thames Water for potable water supplies and to discharge foul and trade effluent to the foul sewer.

1.7.4 ODA Planning Decisions Team (PDT)

The ODA PDT is the planning authority for the Olympic Park. Its roles and responsibilities were established by the London Olympic Games and Paralympic Games Act 2006. This PEMP and any subsequent material change is subject to approval by the PDT under planning permission ref. 07/90011/FUMODA, in consultation with the EA and BW.

1.8 Document Structure

This document is structured as follows:

� This introduction;

� Section 2 describes the surface and groundwater features across the site, including information about licensed abstractions and other significant features;

� Section 3 reviews the measures to be taken to protect surface water features during normal operation;

� Section 4 describes the measures to be taken when watercourses are diverted;

� Section 5 summarises the protection of groundwater; and

� Section 6 describes the water quality monitoring requirements

.



2. Description of Surface Water and Groundwater Features

2.1 Surface Water Features

The surface water features of the Lower Lea Valley within the Olympic Park Planning Application Boundaries are shown in Figure (Appendix A). Table 2.1 lists the surface water features and their adjacent Construction Zones and details the watercourses outside of the boundary in which British Waterway control structure are to be located.

Table 2.1 – Surface Water Features

Surface water feature Construction ZoneWaterworks River (BW) 1a, 2b, 8c City Mill River (BW) 2a, 3a, 8b, 8c Bow Back River (BW) 8aOld River Lea (BW) 3a, 4 Pudding Mill River (infilled) (BW) 3aRiver Lee Navigation (Hackney Cut) (BW) 3a, 3b, 4, 5b, 5c Bully Point Pond (infilled) 6dHennicker’s Ditch (culverted) 6aChannelsea River 6a, 6d River Lea 4, 5a, 6a, 6d, 7a, 15

Three Mills Wall River (site of BW control structure) (BW) Outside Construction Zones

Prescott Channel (site of BW control structure) (BW) Outside Construction Zones

(BW) indicates British Waterways responsibility/owned waterways.

2.1.1 Description of Existing Surface Water Features

The River Lea drains a catchment area of 1,412 km2 upstream of Stratford which includes much of north London and parts of Essex, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire. The River Lea is generally considered in two parts, referred to as the Upper and Lower Lea. The dividing point is Feildes Weir, about 10km north of the M25 at Hoddesdon, near Hertford, where the River Stort enters the Lea. The Lower Lea is further divided (at the Lea Bridge sluices in Hackney Marshes) into the fluvial reaches and the tidal reaches.

The Olympic Site falls entirely within the catchment area south of Lea Bridge Road within the Lower Lea and is considered to be influenced by both tidal and fluvial flows. The Lower Lea, which has a catchment area of approximately 370 km2, flows for 34 km in a southerly direction through north east London, entering the River Thames south of Canning Town, just upstream of the Thames Barrier.



The tributaries to the Lower Lea, to the north of the Site, are watercourses with relatively steep longitudinal bed gradients capable of rapidly conveying flows into the main channel of the river system. In the fluvial reaches of the Lower Lea, to the north of the Site, the river is characterised by its relatively slight longitudinal bed gradient (1:1200). Fluvial flows within this area are extremely complex and are dominated by a number of control structures throughout the valley.

The River Lea flows through the River Lee Flood Relief Channel (RLFRC) for 25 km downstream of Feildes Weir, before becoming part of the River Lea again for the remaining 9 km to the River Thames. For most of its length the RLFRC flows parallel to the Lee Navigation Channel and the Old River Lea system. There are several links between the Navigation Channel and the RLFRC via control structures that keep the water level in the relief channel constant, except in times of flood, when the sluices open to allow discharge of flood waters. The Lee Navigation forms the navigable channel along the Lea Valley. It is maintained by BW and conveys a significant proportion of surface water flows in the valley.

Downstream of Lea Bridge sluices the river network is tidally influenced, with the exception of the Lee Navigation. The river system is strongly influenced by northern inflow (from the River Lea and the RLFRC), the Thames tides and the operation of the Thames Barrier (downstream of the confluence of the River Thames and River Lea). This area is predominantly urban. Due to pressures on space in London, much of the historic development (both residential and business) has been on land at risk from flooding and there are flood protection measures along the entire length of the Lower Lea system within the site.

The watercourses in the Lower Lea valley are designated as ‘main river’ under the provisions of the Water Resources Act, 1991 and as such are under the jurisdiction of the EA. The navigable sections of watercourse are also under the jurisdiction of BW. Navigation in the River Thames is under the jurisdiction of the Port of London Authority. The Bow Back River system is a network of waterways that comprise the Waterworks River, the Old River Lea, Pudding Mill River (filled under early planning application) and the City Mill River. Waterworks River, together with the City Mill River, are no longer used for commercial navigation but, are still navigable and as such are termed Remainder Waterways. The former watercourse is part of the currently impounded system and the latter is part of the tidal flood relief channel.

All main water bodies with the Olympic Park are designated as cyprinid fisheries under the EC Freshwater Fish Directive (78/659/EEC). The designation seeks to protect those fresh water bodies identified as waters suitable for sustaining fish populations. The Directive sets out both guidelines and imperative physical and chemical water quality objectives and is an obligation on the EA to ensure that designated waters meet their objectives. All river and canal reaches which are designated under FFD are to be aligned with the EA’s General Quality Assessment (GQA) network to aid in the reporting of national statistics on overall water quality across England and Wales.

2.1.2 Tidal Lockout

The construction of BWs control structure in the Prescott Channel and Three Mills Wall River, to the south of the Olympic Park, will significantly alter the fluvial characteristics within the Site. Tidal lockout, achieved in July 2008, will maintain water levels in the Waterworks River at between 2.3m (tide locked) and 2.9m AOD



(water level rise during high tides), with the exception of occasions when works are required or water quality dictates that release of water is desirable.

The maintenance of a controlled water level behind the structure should be considered to have implications for water quality within the currently tidal reaches within the Park. The removal of the tidal flush, increase in normal water levels and reduced flow velocity during tide lock could increase the magnitude and/or duration of any negative impacts resulting from construction activities.

2.2 Groundwater

2.2.1 Underground Strata

A description of the underground strata of the Olympic Park and surrounding area is supplied in Chapter 14 of the Environmental Statement accompanying the Lower Lea Valley Olympic and Legacy Facilities Park Planning Application (Ref. 6) Table 2.2 provides details as to the general stratigraphic sequence below the Site and provides information on the aquifer class of the individual units identified.

Geological cross sections through the Olympic Park, as provided in the Capita Symonds. Groundwater Model (Ref. 7), are presented in Appendix B.

The Site lies within a regional scale geological structure known as the London Basin. Smaller scale geological structures are present within this basin and it is these structures that control the occurrence and distribution of the solid strata in the area. As a result, the solid strata in this area exhibit a gentle southerly dip, which results in strata being encountered at shallower depths to the north and at progressively greater depths to the south. This also results in a thicker sequence of Lambeth Group sediments being present in the south of the Site.

Across most of the Site the younger London Clay has been uplifted and removed by subsequent erosion, together with some of the upper units of the Lambeth Group which have also been removed in this area by erosion. As a result, the majority of the Site is underlain by an outcrop of Lambeth Group sediments, surrounded on all sides by the younger London Clay, which underlies the southern extremity of the Site.

The overlying Quaternary River Terrace Deposits are present across the entire Site and sit directly on either the Lambeth Group sediments or London Clay. The youngest superficial deposits in the area (the alluvial deposits) are confined to the floodplains of the River Lea, the River Roding and the River Thames. These are typically found immediately above the River Terrace Deposits and beneath the Made Ground.



Table 2.2 - Generalised Stratigraphic Sequence of the Geology Beneath the Site

Stratigraphic Unit

Approximate depth to top of

unit (m bgl)

Approximate Thickness range (m)

AquiferClass

Modern Made Ground At ground level 0 to 8.0 N/A

Alluvium2 Ground level to 8.0

0 to 1.3 Minor Drift

River Terrace Deposits 2

1.3 – 9 2.5 to 5.0 Minor

London Clay 6 – 14 0 to 30 Non Aquifer

Laminated Beds – Woolwich Formation

6 – 14 0.0 – 4.0 Minor

Lower Shelly Clay – Woolwich Formation

6 – 14 5.0 Minor

Lower Mottled Clay – Reading Formation

10 – 19 1 to 2 Minor

Lam

beth

Gro

up

Upnor Formation 11 – 21 4.0 to 5.0 Minor

Thanet Sand Formation

15 – 26 14 Minor

Solid

Upper Chalk 29 – 40 >50 Major

2.2.2 Hydrogeology

The hydrogeology of the Site is described within the Global Groundwater Monitoring Strategy (GGMS) (Ref. 11) as the following:

� Perched water within the made ground, often discontinuous and generally perched above the Alluvium where present;

� Groundwater within the River Terrace Deposits is generally encountered across the whole site and is, for the most part, tidally influenced (especially adjacent to the tidal watercourses, e.g. the River Lea). Subsequently, it is considered that the groundwater within the River Terrace Deposits has at least some hydraulic connectivity with the tidal rivers across the site;

� Groundwater within the more permeable units of the Lambeth Group detected at varying depths as semi-isolated groundwater lensed horizons, although the base of the Lambeth Group is considered to be in continuity with the Thanet Sands;

� Groundwater within the Thanet Sands, assumed to be in continuity with the underlying Chalk aquifer; and

� Groundwater within the Chalk aquifer.



In summary, the current conceptual understanding of the hydrogeology across the site is that groundwater within the River Terrace Deposit Minor Aquifer is hydraulically separated from that in the underlying strata (Lambeth Group, Thanet Sand and Chalk) across the majority of site by the upper clay layers in the Lambeth Group. It is assumed that there is an element of hydraulic connectivity between the lower sandy Lambeth Group Deposits and the Thanet Sands and between these strata and the Chalk. Some potential pollutant pathways to the underlying chalk aquifer are believed to be present on Site and issues relating to groundwater protection associated with these pathways are addressed in section 4.

2.3 Licensed Abstractions from Controlled Waters

Abstractions of more than 20 m3/day in England and Wales from controlled waters will require a licence from the EA. The specific requirements that exist for water abstractions from waters under BW jurisdiction are outlined in the Code of Practice for Works Affecting British Waterways (BW, 2007)

2.3.1 Licensed Abstractions of Surface Water

No licensed surface water abstractions have been identified within the Olympic Park boundaries. Two abstractions are in operation to the west of the site. The location of licensed surface water abstractions are shown in the EA figure Olympic Site – Abstraction Points (provided as Appendix C) and described in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3 – Licensed Surface Water Abstractions

Development Zone Licence Reference Owner Average daily abstraction

(m3/day)

Outside of site 29/39/09/0144

Point A

British Waterways 1, 920

Outside of site 29/39/09/0144

Point B

British Waterways 1, 880

Both these abstractions are from the Hertford Union Canal. The purpose of the abstraction is for production of energy and non evaporative cooling.

2.3.2 Licensed Abstractions of Groundwater

A review of all available information on existing groundwater abstractions within the Olympic Park was undertaken in the production of the GGMS. A total of five licensed boreholes that are currently in use within the Park were identified. Licence details of these abstractions are outlined in Table 2.4 with further information available from the GGMS cited above. Figure shows the location of the boreholes detailed below in relation to the Park boundary (Appendix D).



Table 2.4 – Licensed Boreholes in the Olympic Park

DevelopmentZone

BoreholeReference

Owner Average daily abstraction

(m3/day) CZ03 29/38/09/0113 Thames Water 207.5

CZ13 29/38/09/0149 Anjuman-E-Ischaul-

Muslimeem of the United Kingdom

293.2

CZ03 29/38/09/0168 Tarmac Heavy Building Materials

UK LTD

41.0

CZ14 29/38/09/0177 Aggregate Industries UK LTD

82.2

CZ01 & 11 29/38/09/0191* Thames Water 8,000

Thames Water licence is an aggregate licence for 3 boreholes



3. Measures to Protect Against Pollution of Surface Waters Features

3.1 Overview of Proposed Surface Water Protection Measures

It is important that a carefully managed surface water drainage system is implemented across the site to minimise the risk of pollution to surface waters as a result of construction activities. The CoCP sets out the key measures that are required: this section provides further information about how these measures will be implemented in practice. This is in accordance with the EA’s Pollution Prevention Guidelines (PPGs) and/or other industry best practice.

Following consultation with the EA, there are two key areas to be addressed. The first is the general principle of reducing the quantity of runoff which is high in suspended sediments. The second is associated with water which is potentially contaminated as a result of contact with the contaminated material on site: the risk of the discharge of contaminated water to watercourses should be minimised.

The overall approach adopted by this plan is to manage the movement of surface water on site using source control and treatment facilities prior to discharge to an appropriate receiving environment. Through effective treatment and monitoring the programme will reduce risk to surface water receptor sites and comply with conditions attached to any trade effluent consents for discharge to sewer.

An overview of the approach to surface water management is shown as Figure 3.1 (surface water) and Figure 3.2 (dewatering). Key to the process is the assessment of risk and the application of an ongoing regular programme of monitoring to confirm that the requirements of this plan are being met.

3.2 Management of Surface Waters

Water derived from site run-off is considered to provide a relatively low contamination risk to surface waters following the implementation of appropriate sediment and erosion control and treatment measures.

Figure 3.1 shows how surface water runoff will be managed within the site through the process of erosion and sediment control, treatment and disposal to watercourse, sewer or re-use as part of a non potable supply. Central to the management strategy is the requirement for water quality testing in order to assess the risk posed to receptor environments. The testing programme will aid in the determination of both treatment and disposal options within the strategy through:

� The assessment of compliance with standards for receptor sites;

� The determination of treatments required to achieve standards;

� The identification of disposal routes for surface water; and

� Monitoring and where necessary amendments to the treatment applied.



Figure 3.1- Flow Diagram of on Site Control Measures for Surface Water

3.3 Management of Water from Dewatering Operations

Dewatering for construction activities has the potential to increase the risk of transferring heavily contaminated substances to watercourses. The existing levels of contamination have been identified from the Site Investigation programme through the production of Site Specific Remediation Strategies (SSRS). The SSRSs detail both the current groundwater chemical condition and prescribes the standards set for remediation.

Figure 3.2 provides an overview of the approach for treatment of dewatering derived from both minor (small excavations) and larger scale dewatering activities required during the construction programme. Method Statements for these construction activities will assess the risks associated with dewatering and the proposed method

Discharge to watercourse

Sewer

Rainfall

Site runoff

Testingand

Disposal

Provide treatment (see section 3.7)

Erosion and sediment control

(see section 3.4)

Re-use

Surfacewater

Achieve objectives

NO YES

Achieve TWULstandards

Tanker

Achieveobjectives

Infiltration

Lower Risk Standards achievable

Contaminant risk assessment

High Risk Standards unachievable



of treatment and disposal. Where potentially contaminated silt is also collected it will be dealt with in accordance with the remediation strategy for the site. The Method Statements will include the following:

� Review of the SSRS to quantify the level of risk;

� Testing of the raw water to assess the proposed treatment required;

� Identification of disposal routes for dewatered water; and

� Monitoring and where necessary revision of the treatment applied.

Three disposal options are expected, depending on the level of risk:

� Discharge to ground;

� Discharge to foul/combined sewer; and

� Tankering off-site.

Where water quality standards protective of the aquifer (i.e. EQS or UK Drinking Water Standards as set in the SSRS) are achievable and when volumes are small, the discharge of dewatering back to ground will be considered. To protect existing groundwater on site the following information on the ground conditions for individual discharge receptor sites will be reviewed, as follows:

� Ground contamination levels in receptor sites as contamination levels are variable both within and between construction zones;

� Potential flow paths to surface water features; and

� Potential flow paths to other groundwater resources on site.

For all other areas where ground conditions are such that they are unable to receive dewatered material (e.g. where large volumes are generated by well points) or they are in high risk areas discharge to foul/combined sewer is the preferred option. Depending on the level of contamination, additional treatment may be required in order to comply with Thames Water standards.

In extreme cases, where the quality of water is very poor and Thames Water standards cannot be achieved, the water will be tankered from site to a suitably licensed treatment facility.



Figure 3.2 - Flow diagram of on Site Control Measures for Dewatered Water

3.4 Erosion and Sediment Control

There are a number of methods that can be adopted to reduce erosion and control sediment at source. The detail of which techniques are adopted will be set out in the project-specific WMPs for individual areas of construction, as they will be site specific. The general source control measures are described below.

3.4.1 Protection of Stockpiles Stockpiles are a significant source of erosion and sediment production on construction sites. These should be located away from existing surface water drainage system inlets and watercourses. Where this is not feasible the inlets shall be covered or treated (geotextiles or binding agents) to reduce runoff. There should be provision of earth bunds or division channels to divert runoff away from stockpiled material and silt fences or straw/rock barriers will be used to delimit stockpiles to mitigate against sediment laden runoff generated during rainfall events. In addition, stockpiles should not be too steep and the movement of materials within stockpiles minimised.

Sewer

Dewatering Required

Discharge toground

and monitor

NOHigh risk

YES Low Risk Standardsachievable

Site Specific Remediation Strategy Is groundwater above

appropriate standards as defined in the SSRS?

NO YES

Achieve TWULstandards

Tanker

NO YES

Ground conditions able to accept discharge?



3.4.2 Silt Fences

Silt fences will be employed to act as a buffer strip in the detention of sediment-laden waters. This control measure is appropriate for sediment control in the following locations:

� Site perimeters;

� Below the toe of any cleared slopes;

� Around temporary stockpiles; and

� Across swales with catchments of less than 0.5ha.

3.4.3 Slope Drains Slopes are potentially a significant source for the generation of contaminated surface waters. Slope drains may be used to intercept surface water runoff at the tops of slopes and drain this water to the site drainage system to minimise uncontrolled silt runoff.

3.4.4 Protection of Existing Drainage Some of the existing drainage systems within the Site are detailed in the Site Specific Remediation Strategy (SSRS) documents. Where existing drainage is to remain in situ for a significant portion of the construction period, measures will be put in place to protect these from construction runoff. Consideration will be given to the retro-fitting of these existing drainage systems with either catch pits or other proprietary systems in order to control the discharge of silt from the site. Such measures would be detailed in the project-specific WMPs.

3.4.5 Additional Erosion and Sediment Control Measures A number of other erosion and sediment control measures that could be adopted include the following:

� Roughening and benching of slopes on stockpiles;

� Mulching (organic materials) and binding (biodegradable adhesives) to reduce the silt runoff from stockpiles;

� Placement of geotextiles and mats (temporary and post-construction site stabilisation); and

� Regular maintenance and cleaning of haul routes and site access points.

Further details and guidance on the measures outlined above are set out in CIRIA’s technical guidance on ‘Control of water pollution from linear construction projects (C648).

3.5 Source Control Measures

Procedures for the effective management of chemical storage on Site and measures to reduce the risks associated with activities such as refuelling will be adopted to protect both surface and groundwater resources. The measures in place will follow



best practise industry standards and guidelines included as part of the CoCP. The project-specific WMPs will include appropriate Spill Response Procedures in line with the Health & Safety Executive guidelines (Ref. 8).

3.5.1 Storage of Oils, Fuels and Chemicals

Pollution risks to the water environment will arise from the requirement for storage of oils, fuels and other chemicals on Site during construction activities. The following measures (particularly the use of secondary containment) will be adopted to reduce the potential for chemical spills entering surface water features via surface water drainage systems:

� All containers that contain potential pollutants will be clearly labelled and securely stored according to storage legislation (see CIRIA C648 and PPG 2 for further details);

� Chemicals will be stored in a secure bunded container or compound. Bunding tanks will have a minimum capacity of the larger of 110% of the volume of the largest tank or 25% of the total storage capacity;

� Appropriate spill kits will be available and adequately stocked; and

� Regular inspection procedures will be in place to check for leakage and to maintain the integrity of the protective infrastructure.

3.5.2 Refuelling

The risk of spilling fuel is greatest during the refuelling process. Designated bunded refuelling areas isolated from the existing surface water sewerage network or construction drainage system will be used, where practicable. Plant and equipment will be brought to the designated refuelling area which, will be on hardstanding and have provision for the prevention of fuel discharge off the hardstanding area.

If unavoidable, remote fill points, especially where they are in close proximity to the existing or proposed surface water systems, will be provided with absorbent pads or booms to contain any accidental spillages.

3.5.3 Wheel Washing

Runoff generated from wheel washers and/or vehicle wash bays will not be permitted to enter the surface water drainage system on site due to the quantity of silts and oils that are generated during this process. Wheel washers that remove both silts and oils before discharge to foul sewer are to be installed for wheel washing effluent. Jet wash systems, if used, will only be operated within a bunded area where runoff control is achievable. Further guidance is provided in PPG13.

3.5.4 Road Sweepers and Silt-busters

Site generated slurry, liquids and road sweepings contaminated with silt or sediment will be dewatered on site (by the Waste Management Contractor) using mobile or static treatment plant in order to minimise off site disposal. The solids may be incorporated within the site works in accordance with a relevant SSRS and the liquids



will be assessed for non-potable uses or disposal via an authorised route. The Super Highway Manager will be responsible for cleaning and maintaining all common user roads (Logistics) and the Venue Contractors will be responsible for their individual PC areas.

3.5.5 Soil Washing

The process of soil washing, adopted to remove contaminants from granular or coarse grained material, will generate contaminated wastewater. This water will be treated and disposed of in accordance with the specific Method Statements for these activities.

3.6 Surface Water Drainage Systems

Surface water required to be positively drained from the Site, where it is unable to infiltrate due to the permeability of the ground, will be routed through the Manifold System. This system is a pro-actively managed runoff control system conceived using development zones as catchments. All runoff is routed through a single chamber, installed and managed by CLM Logistics, prior to ultimately discharging to the existing foul/combined sewer network or watercourse at predetermined locations. A key requirement of this system is that each PC will be responsible for the treatment and flow balancing generated within their allocated working area.

Within the Manifold system, where the discharge is to foul/combined sewer, CLM Logistics will negotiate the rate of discharge for the zone and reserve this capacity within the existing foul/combined sewerage network. Each PC will agree a rate of discharge through the manifold jointly with CLM Logistics and Thames Water and obtain the relevant consent to discharge. The PC will install the necessary balancing and treatment system to achieve the desired water quality criteria together with a connection to the manifold chamber. Where the discharge routing is through another PC area, CLM Logistics will facilitate. Each PC will be responsible for the testing, maintenance and payment of associated fees relating to the construction drainage discharge. Where the discharge is to a watercourse, CLM will obtain the water quality discharge consent on behalf of the PC from the EA. These consents will then be transferred to the individual PCs as required. The responsibility for treatment and discharge pipe routing and responsibility remains the same as for sewer discharges.

The Manifold system provides Thames Water and EA with a single point of testing on the construction drainage system and an audit trail should a system failure occur. The proposed system also includes a disconnection valve on the outlet from the manifold chamber to isolate the construction drainage system, totally or independently, from the foul/combined sewer network and receiving watercourse. This may be employed during a consent failure or during periods of operational works on the downstream sewerage system / watercourse network

Auditing of the PC’s system and compliance testing results will be undertaken at regular and ad-hoc intervals by CLM.

Upon completion of the construction works, the PC in conjunction with Thames Water/EA and CLM Logistics, will revoke the discharge consent and remove the balancing and treatment system.



It is recognised that it would be unreasonable to enforce the Manifold system upon a PC site located a significant distance from the discharge point. In these situations, the PC can opt to utilise the manifold, discharge to watercourse or ground, subject to achieving the required water quality standards or tanker effluent to a suitable discharge facility.

The PC is responsible for the detailed arrangements of collection and treatment of surface water drainage systems prior to discharge to the Manifold system. The arrangement shall include measures to ensure that the surface water drainage system does not act to increase infiltration rates on site or increase hydraulic connectivity in areas identified as being at risk from the flushing and remobilisation of contaminants. These measures will involve the provision of impervious barriers within drainage and lagoon systems where required. This will be reviewed in line with the site specific SSRS which details both ground condition, hydraulic connectivity to controlled waters and the infiltration limits set for individual site areas. The control of on site infiltration rates within the detailed design of the surface water drainage systems will act to assist mitigation of risk of pollution to controlled waters.

Detailed drainage proposal shall be submitted by the contractor through the Project EMPs and shall adopt the key drainage elements set out below.

3.6.1 Site Drainage

Perimeter ditches may be employed around identified Principal Contractor working areas. These will be appropriate to the catchment size and runoff characteristics. It is expected that these will be lined to reduce erosion rates within the ditch to maintain their functional capacity and where required to prevent infiltration of collected waters to ground.

3.6.2 Check Dams and Sediment Traps

Check dams may be included as part of the site drainage system in order to reduce runoff velocity, erosion of the drainage ditch and to promote the deposition of sediments in locations which can be easily maintained.

In certain cases, proprietary silt reduction/removal systems may be implemented to reduce silt and other contaminants from high risk parts of the site drainage system.

3.7 Treatment of Water Prior to Discharge

Water within the surface water drainage system will be treated before discharge or prior to re-use on site. All foul water will be discharged to sewer system following guidance outlined in PPG4 Disposal of Sewage. The on-site treatment systems will facilitate the settlement/removal of suspended sediment and other pollutants from construction runoff before discharge. These will be developed to reduce both the risk to receptor systems whilst maximising efficiency and the potential for re-use.

The following methodologies may be adopted on site and the details of how they will be implemented included as the Method Statements for the different delivery zones.



3.7.1 Settlement Lagoons

These systems will be used to balance construction runoff and settle out suspended solids prior to discharge. Consideration will be given to the provision of treatment facilities to service large PC areas within each Construction Zones. Siting of facilities will be determined by overall site topography, identified drainage pathways and the proximity of receiving watercourses or Manifold chamber for final discharge.

Settlement ponds and lagoons will be designed for stormwater/flood events appropriate to temporal scale of the construction programme. The sizing and location of lagoons will follow industry standards so that they adequately provide for the settlement time required for suspended solids and the flow rates that will be experienced on site.

A suitable factor of safety should be employed within the calculations undertaken for construction drainage. Outfalls from settlement ponds and lagoons will be located as far away from inlets as possible to reduce the risk of discharging sediment laden waters.

In addition consideration will be given to:

� The requirement for lining to protect groundwater resources from mobilised contaminants;

� The need for regular monitoring and maintenance of lagoons especially for silt accumulation; and

� The provision of a management procedure for algal blooms which could potentially be developed.

3.7.2 Settlement Tanks (with baffles)

Proprietary portable settlement tanks may be implemented by certain Principal Contractors in localised locations to improve the quality of their construction drainage discharge. It is likely that these will be local to specific areas and for example may be used as pre-treatment as part of dewatering activities.

3.7.3 Proprietary Drainage Systems

Proprietary drainage systems such as silt traps may be used at different points within the drainage system in order to remove silt and other contaminants.

3.7.4 Specialist Treatment Systems

Given the broad spectrum of groundwater contaminants that are likely to be encountered on site, it is likely that a range of additional specialist treatment techniques will be required. The main contaminants will include ammoniacal nitrogen, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH), chlorinated hydrocarbons and dissolved metals. The treatment systems will probably be based upon proprietary technology facilities including:



� Reverse osmosis;

� Bio-remediation;

� Dosing mechanisms (e.g. pH control);

� Physical mechanisms (e.g. sand filters); and

� Absorptive systems (e.g. activated carbon).

It is anticipated that various effluents will be treated to the point that they can either be discharged to sewer or potentially utilised as grey water across the Olympic Park.

3.8 Testing of Water

It is imperative that the water discharged to either sewer, watercourse or re-used for other activities is of the correct quality as required by this or other plans. The construction surface water drainage systems will be designed and maintained by the PCs in order to meet the requirements for discharge.However, due to the variable nature of the Site, a system of testing will be implemented to verify the proposals.

A daily visual inspection of the discharge and any of stored volumes will be required.

Testing will occur as follows:

� On a daily basis at the start of each day for the first week of discharge from the outlet point of the site drainage system;

� From thereafter on a weekly basis;

� From any areas which are considered to be of a different quality to that observed elsewhere; and

� On an ad hoc basis as required.

More frequent monitoring may be required following an event including but not limited to:

� An Environmental Incident involving a spill or other uncontrolled discharge;

� Discharge of waters in exceedance of criteria; or

� A significant rainfall event.

Testing is expected to be supported by an on site laboratory which will be able to test a range of determinands, including, but not limited to, the following:

� pH;

� Electrical conductivity;



� Total ammonium;

� Turbidity (suspended solids); and

� Dissolved oxygen.

3.8.1 Standards for discharge to Watercourse

A wide number of determinands are used to assess the quality of watercourses, subject to a range of European and national legislation. In order to monitor the quality of the watercourses, a monitoring strategy is being implemented (see section 6).

A practical method is required in order to test the quality of water discharged from the construction site. At this stage it is recommended that monitoring for the parameters is carried out in order to highlight any potential problems, when compared with similar runoff from urban land use. Standards have been obtained from the EA for all construction drainage discharges to watercourse within the Site and these are shown below.

The following two standards are detailed:

� Satisfactory condition (proceed with discharge to watercourse); and

� Stop condition.

Where discharges are within the ’stop’ condition, further investigation and potential corrective action will be carried out in order to improve the discharges to the improvement or satisfactory standards. Potential treatment proposals are considered in Section 3.7.

The standards in Table 3.1 have been obtained from the EA. The dissolved oxygen satisfactory condition of 45% has been agreed by BW, although the value is below their normal standard for discharge to water course.

Table 3.1 - Monitoring Standards for Surface Water and Action Levels

Parameter Discharge Standards

Satisfactory Condition Stop

Suspended solids <100 mg/l >100 mg/l

pH 6.0-9.0 <6.0 or >9.0

Total ammonium <3mg/l >3 mg/l

Hydrocarbons/Phenols No visual presence Visible presence

Dissolved oxygen >45% <45%

3.8.2 Standards for discharge to sewer

Standards for discharge to sewer will be discussed with in detail Thames Water for each specific discharge example limits are set out in Table 3.2 below:



Table 3.2 – Trade Effluent Compliance Limits

Substance Max. Concentration

(milligrams per litre)

Settleable Solids 1000

Rapidly Settleable Solids 100

Saponifiable Grease/Oil (Combined) 300

Unsaponifiable Grease/Oil (Combined) 50

Sulphide (as S) 1

Cyanide (as CN) 5

Ammoniacal Nitrogen (as N) 35

Sulphate (as SO4) 1800

Available Chlorine (as Cl2) 50

Available Sulphur Dioxide (as SO2) 5

Formaldehyde (as HNCO) 100

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1000

Chromium (as Cr) 3

Copper (as Cu) 3

Lead (as Pb) 3

Nickel (as Ni) 2

Silver (as Ag) 5

Zinc (as Zn) 3

Cadmium and Mercury (subject to EA controls) N/A

In addition to this listing the effluent shall not contain substances listed in Schedule 1 of the Trade Effluents (Prescribed Processes and Substances) Regulations 1989 above the defined background concentration levels. The pH value of the discharge should be between 6 and 11 and the temperature of the liquid shall not exceed 43.3 degrees centigrade.

The following substances are also prohibited under the terms of a Trade Effluent Consent with Thames Water:

� Petroleum Spirit;

� Calcium Carbide;

� Thiourea and Thiourea derivates; and

� Non-biodegradable detergents.



3.9 Regulation of Discharges from the Site

3.9.1 Discharge to Watercourses

The discharge of any trade effluent to surface waters in England requires a written discharge consent issued under the Water Recourses Act 1991 (as amended by the Environment Act 1995 and Water Act 2003).

BW must be consulted and written consent/licence obtained with respect to any proposal discharges to BW watercourses. These will have commercial considerations with respect to BW charging schedules and any such works must also adhere to their Code of Practice for Works Affecting British Waterways (British Waterways, 2007).

It is the intention of BW to reach agreement with the LDA to address any such future discharges, but in the absence of such an agreement, any requirement to discharge to BW watercourses is likely to require a licence and associated commercial consideration, whether for temporary or permanent water discharges.

BW must be consulted on any proposal linked to waterways under their jurisdiction and their Code of Practice for Works Affecting British Waterways (British Waterways, 2007) followed.

The location and number of discharge points will be decided following the review of the site characteristics, including:

� Proximity of watercourses to settlement and treatment facilities;

� Construction activities; and

� Environmental constraints.

Consideration will be given to the programme of works for river walls, wetland creation and other in-channel activities that have the potential compromise these discharge points. The discharge locations will be continually reviewed against such programmes to reduce the risk of conflicts between other on site construction activities.

3.9.2 Discharge to Sewer

Discharge to existing public foul/combined sewer network will require the written permission from the Statutory Sewerage Undertaker (Thames Water) in the form of a trade effluent agreement or “Trade Effluent Consent” under the Water Industry Act 1991. Conditions relating to flow rate, daily discharge and quality of water discharged will be attached to any consents issued.

3.9.3 Tankering of Water off Site for Treatment

Where necessary, water will be tankered off site for treatment at a suitably licensed facility.



3.10 General Maintenance Procedure

It will be the responsibility of the PCs to operate general checks and maintenance procedures to ensure the operational integrity of the surface water drainage systems on site. This will include:

� Regular checks of source control measures e.g. silt fences;

� Regular checks of treatment facilities and removal of silt build up;

� Emptying of interceptors for fuels and other on site chemical storage facilities; and

� General maintenance in accordance with best practice guidelines.

3.11 Emergency Procedures

A construction zone emergency plan will be prepared to include contingency measures for dealing with a pollution incident in or adjacent to watercourses in the Olympic Park. Significant incidents are not anticipated however, it will be important for PCs to be aware of the required procedures in order to minimise the potential impact of any that occur. This emergency plan will, as a minimum, include the following:

� Details of the type and location of emergency equipment that is required and how this can be used to minimise pollution incidents when they occur;

� Method Statements detailing how incidents will be dealt with;

� Contact details for external personnel, such as the EA; and

� How information about incidents will be collected and reviewed in order to minimise the chances of them re-occurring in the future.

3.12 Construction and Diversion of New Watercourses

3.12.1 Legislation

The Water Resources Act 1991 and associated byelaws require formal consent for works in, over, under or adjacent to main rivers. This is to ensure that such activities do not cause or make worse an existing flooding problem, interfere with EA work and do not adversely affect the local environment, fisheries, wildlife and flood defences. These consents are referred to as Flood Defence Consents (previously known as land drainage consents) and are required for all activities within 16m of watercourses. Any work to existing flood defences that is required under the construction programme will therefore require detailed discussions to be held with the EA.

3.12.2 Risks Associated with Construction and Diversion of New Watercourses

Works adjacent to, in or over watercourse pose a significantly greater risk to the water environment than those works occurring inland. Monitoring of water quality before, during and after construction activity will play an integral role in the



management of on site risks. The monitoring strategy is detailed in the Site-Wide Surface Water Quality Monitoring Strategy: Construction/Remediation Phase document (Ref. 9). Impacts and mitigation measures relating to ecological receptors are detailed for construction activities within the Ecological Management Plan document (Ref. 10).

Construction activities that have the potential to impact watercourses on site include:

� River wall works;

� Wetland creation;

� Bridge construction;

� Venue construction adjacent to or over watercourses (e.g. Aquatics Centre), and

� Culverting and infilling of existing watercourses, e.g. Hennicker’s Ditch and Pudding Mill River.

All construction activities will be subject to a risk assessment and will require preparation of a detailed Method Statement that includes pollution prevention measures. In addition to any planning consent requirements which such works may attract, written permission is also likely to be required from BW, given their land ownership interest in parts of the Site.

The key risks to the water environment associated with the construction and diversion of new watercourses are the generation of additional silt and a temporary change in flood risk.

3.12.3 Silt Generation

Silt has the potential to be generated from activities such as:

� Disturbance of river-bed material from in-channel activities;

� Bank excavations;

� River wall engineering;

� Wetland creation; and

� Runoff from adjacent construction zones, especially exposed ground and stockpiles.

Specific Method Statements will be developed to set out how silt will be controlled for these activities where they occur. This will include control measures such as the use of silt fencing and covering excavated material during operation. Checks will also be in place to ensure that banks or the beds of watercourses, outside of the area of works, are not being affected by construction activity.



3.12.4 Flood Risk

Construction within watercourses or their diversion has the potential to adversely affect flood risk. Although this will be temporary, measures should be put in place in order to minimise flood risk during the period of construction.

The activities likely to affect flood risk during the construction period are:

� The construction of new watercourses;

� The diversion of existing watercourses;

� The construction of culverts or bridges across watercourse; and

� River wall engineering and other similar operations.

All flood prevention measures will be described in detail as part of the Method Statements associated with individual activities. The cumulative impact of temporary works on flood risk will be addressed in quarterly reports as outlined by the CoCP Flood Risk Compliance Procedure. In general, measures will be put in place to minimise flood risk, such as:

� Where possible, the avoidance of activities during the higher flood risk period (September to March);

� The completion of new watercourses or culverts in advance of existing watercourses being abandoned;

� Storing stockpiles and construction equipment outside of the floodplain; and

� The implementation of a warning system in conjunction with the Environment Agency to warn and change activities should the river be at risk of flooding.

3.13 Emergency Access Points to Watercourses

In certain events, the EA or other statutory bodies (e.g. BW) may require emergency access to watercourses for tasks including pollution incident monitoring cleanup and flood management. Plans showing the proposed access points, site boundary and hoarding are shown in Appendix F. These emergency access points will be maintained at all times to ensure that access to the waterways is not compromised for statutory bodies or on site contractors. It should also be noted that the EA or BW may seek to gain access via the river system as well as by road under certain circumstances.



4. Groundwater Protection Groundwater is also defined as a ‘controlled water’ and so requires protection in the same manner as surface water. This is particularly important close to abstraction boreholes. In order to minimise risk, the EA has defined Groundwater Source Protection Zones (SPZ) where any water abstraction or discharge of contaminated material may affect the integrity of the existing abstractions. These are areas defined by catchment size and travel time designed to protect the water supply from groundwater contamination.

4.1 Groundwater Protection Zones

This section describes the SPZs identified from the EA website (www.environment-agency.gov.uk) pertinent to the Olympic Park. Further details are provided in the GGMS - Construction Phase (Ref. 11) and the figure provided as Appendix F.

The SPZs are summarised as follows:

� A source protection zone centred on the south-western sector of CZ3a; the SPZ extends east to City Mill River on CZ3a, south to the central sector of CZ3b and north into the southern portion of CZ4. The SPZ extends west to the boundary of CZ3b, and continues over the other side of Pudding Mill River;

� A source protection zone (Zone 2) is located approximately 150 m north of CZ5, Zone 2, with the Zone 1 boundary approximately 750 m north of the site boundary; and

� A new SPZ may be created by the utilisation of existing ELRED (East London Water Resource Development) boreholes from the CTRL works dewatering.

Zone 1 is defined as the area around an abstraction point for which the travel time for groundwater flow is less than 50 days. Zone 2 is defined as the travel time of less than 400 days or 25% of the total catchment, which ever is greater. The total catchment is the area required to provide the recharge for water to the abstraction point.

4.2 Required Actions to Protect Groundwater

Refer to sections 3.5.1, 3.5.2 and 3.5.5 for source control measures to be implemented in the protection of groundwater resources.

Higher risks to groundwater are associated with areas where potential pathways exist between upper strata and the lower chalk aquifer. The identified pathways are as follows:

� The GGMS describes areas in the north east of the site (i.e. CZ6 and CZ7) where upper clay layers of the Lambeth Group are absent or present only in minor thicknesses as being hypothetically acting as a ‘sink’ for groundwater within the River Terrace Deposits, and may represent potential pathways for groundwater flow to the Chalk aquifer;



� Risks associated with pathways through existing boreholes both those in use and abandoned (where known to exist) are detailed within the SSRS for each construction zone; and

� Risk associated with pathways from surface water treatment and chemical storage facilities to underlying strata; especially where pathways surface water features are considered to be present as hydraulic connectivity between the tidal rivers and river terrace deposits.

Within these areas of higher risk appropriate action with regard to dewatering activities, the discharge of surface water and storage of potentially contaminated materials will be taken. This will be included in the individual Construction Zone Method Statements. Section 3.6 provides information relating to the surface water drainage system design measures to reduce the risk to disturbance of below ground strata and remobilisation of containments.

4.3 Control of Disturbance to Groundwater Levels

Construction procedures that could result in levels of disturbance to groundwater levels on site include:

� Large scale dewatering activities, such as those required for the construction of underground structures; and

� Abstraction of groundwater for non-potable use.

Large scale dewatering may affect groundwater levels in the shallow strata such as the River Terrace Gravels. Where dewatering is required for a period of less than 28 days, a Temporary Abstraction Licence (Water Act 2003) is required from the EA. As part of an application for a temporary licence, the potential impact of the dewatering will be considered. The assessment of the impact will make reference to the SSRS and recommend any monitoring required. It should be noted however, that the legal situation with respect to dewatering is quite complex and the present requirements will be subject to modifications during Spring 2009, as described below:

Current Legal Situation:

� Dewatering alone is exempt from abstraction licensing control (under S. 29 (2) & (3) of the Water Resources Act 1991);

� Dewatering and using the water for a secondary use can be exempt from licensing control, providing the secondary usage is for operations which are related to the dewatering. For example if the dewatering is to enable mineral extraction, the dewatering water can be used for mineral washing; and

� Dewatering with a secondary use where the secondary use is not related to the operation (i.e. the reason for dewatering), is not exempt from licensing control. Under these circumstances an application for a licence would have to be made. A decision on whether the licence could be granted (and the conditions that would apply) would depend upon the individual proposal. Dewatering and using the water for dust suppression falls into this category and an abstraction licence will be required for such proposals.



Future Legal Situation

� The dewatering exemption will be removed when the Water Act 2003 is enacted, which is expected to occur in Spring 2009;

� Dewatering alone will require a transfer licence;

� Dewatering with a secondary use will require a full abstraction licence (transfer licensing is only applicable where the water is transferred from one source to another with no intervening use); and

� Such proposals would be determined using the London CAMS, and the circumstances of the proposal would determine whether a licence could be granted and what conditions would need to be applied.

Any abstractions for non-potable use are expected to be from deeper strata such as the Chalk. This will be subject to an application to the EA for an abstraction licence (Water Resources Act 1991). Any potential impact of the abstraction on groundwater levels will be considered as part of the application.

4.4 Unanticipated Disturbance of Groundwater Levels

4.4.1 General

The procedure to deal with an unanticipated disturbance of the groundwater levels will be built into the water management plan, but in addition will be taken into account in the "Permit to Proceed" (PTP) operations. This is the regime established by the ODA and managed by that reviews and controls incursions below the remediated surface, with the objective of ensuring that the integrity of the remediation is not violated or put at risk.

There are two main aquifer systems to be considered. These are the shallow aquifer system in the Terrace Gravels and the deep aquifer in the Chalk and overlying Thanet Sand. The former is likely to that some direct contact with the river system, the later is confined but has a number of key public water supply abstraction points.

As part of the general review process a log will be kept of ongoing construction activity that involves or could involve dewatering or operations that could disturb the ground water. This will be used to highlight any locations where the current groundwater monitoring regime will need to be updated or enhanced.

It is assumed that any disturbance is based on observations of the ground water from borehole wells or direct construction activity.

4.4.2 Possible Causes of Disturbance

Potential causes of rises include heavy rainfall, river rises, unlicensed discharge to groundwater, cessation of nearby abstraction, installation of structures impeding subsurface drainage etc.

Potential causes of falls in groundwater level include abstraction, low river stage and influence of subsurface structures.



In the event of an unanticipated disturbance of groundwater levels, the following procedure would be adopted to investigate and remediate the situation:

1) Review nature of disturbance and whether it is significant and warrants further consideration. If so continue with actions below. In addition if it is significant and within the lower aquifer consider notifying EA or Abstraction license holder if abstraction considered under threat. In any case establish an event record;

2) Determine whether the observations (data) are reliable by a) taking further dip measurements and b) ensuring that the borehole/s in question are functioning as they should (i.e. not silted up, blocked or damaged in any way that may lead to erroneous level observations);

3) If boreholes are functioning correctly then review current dewatering and site activities, with reference to Logistics phasing diagrams, monthly design updates and/or any other available works trackers, to see if the cause may be found there;

4) Review meteorological and hydrological data to see if these may be causing the phenomenon (e.g. heavy rainfall or exceptionally high/low river stage);

5) Define the extent of the problem by thoroughly reviewing latest data and, if necessary, collecting additional field dip/data logger data as soon as the problem becomes apparent. This may locate the source of the problem;

6) Determine what the most likely impacts of the problem will be and their severity;

7) Appraise quality of coverage of the site (this is actually an ongoing requirement) and enhance if needed;

8) Report "incident" as part of routine environmental monitoring report, or if deemed more urgent produce incident specific report;

9) If impact short term and not significant close out with report;

10) If impact actually or potentially significant and/or disturbance remains , continue monitoring and agree appropriate actions with EA and any other appropriate third party; and

11) Once appropriate and agreed actions have been completed, close out event with report. This will either be an event specific report or by routine environmental monitoring report.



5. Water Use During Construction 5.1 Reducing Potable Water Demand

To minimise all water demand water efficient fittings are to be used in all site CLM/ODA compounds. These include: � Low flush toilets (4l flush);

� Waterless urinals; and

� Self closing taps.

Through the Works Information (Section B340 Contractors Responsibilities – Water), each venue contractor is required to ensure that consumption of all water is minimised and their performance in this regard will be measured through construction key performance indicators (KPI’s).

5.2 Non-potable Supply During Construction

5.2.1 Potential Use of Non-potable Water

The following activities have been identified that could be met from non potable water:

� Concrete batching;

� Dust suppression;

� Toilet flushing; and

� Establishment irrigation.

5.2.2 Potential Sources of Non-potable Water

The proposal is to utilise construction run-off in the first instance. This source of non-potable water will be from venue contractors that wish to discard clean water that is of a river water quality. This will be placed in a Logistics controlled lagoon in CZ5d. As an interim measure the interim sweeper tip lagoon in Bow East LC could be used as a clean water store if required.

The other main source of non-potable water is from a borehole in CZ7a. Data analysis is being undertaken of pump test trials, completed in December 2008, to support a formal abstraction licence application to the EA. The application process will take 3 months and will be available in spring 2009. A pumped system will serve a lay-bye/water storage area in CZ6a to allow construction vehicles to fill from the non-potable supply.

Several other potential sources of non potable water have been identified. Their suitability for use during construction is set out below.



Rainwater Harvesting

Rainwater harvesting is not generally proposed within temporary building specifications due to the limited area for capture and space available for storage and treatment.

Grey Water Recycling

Temporary buildings to be supplied for use by ODA/CLM are to be reused buildings with no existing grey water recycling. However, the Logistics team are working with the temporary building supplier to investigate retrofitting of grey water systems once the buildings are installed.

Abstracted groundwater

In addition to the CZ7a source, there are several other sources of abstracted groundwater that are being investigated for non potable use, namely:

� Remediated groundwater from the terrace gravels; and

� Abstracted river water.

The Logistics Team are working with the Environment and Sustainability Team to extend options for non-potable water supply to the construction period. Whilst it may not be practical for use in compound toilets due to plumbing arrangements, these sources will be used and made available to PC for dust suppression and irrigation.

London Concrete who will be operating the concrete batching plant is investigating non potable water supply water from the existing borehole in Zone 14 (29/38/09/0168).

Through the Works Information (Section B340 Contractors Responsibilities – Water) each venue contractor is required to use non-potable water wherever practicable. Through the construction KPI's each contractors performance in using non potable water will be monitored.



6. Water Quality Monitoring Requirements The site-wide surface and groundwater monitoring strategy frameworks that have been developed to determine on site water quality during the planned construction activities are detailed below.

6.1 Surface Water Monitoring Strategy

The Site-Wide Surface Water Quality Monitoring Strategy (Ref. 9) document describes the approach for the monitoring of water quality during the earthworks and construction phases of the Olympics. The location of monitoring points, details of analysis and testing suites and post Olympic monitoring details are all prescribed.

The document identifies direct discharge (e.g. surface water drainage, disused discharge pipes etc.), uncontrolled surface runoff and the migration or tidal flushing of contaminated groundwater as pathways which could allow contamination to enter the surface water system. Under the proposed framework surface water monitoring data will be assimilated and reported on a monthly basis.

The report will include:

� Data presentation and interpretation of trends in water quality within the Olympic Park development;

� Assessment of results against appropriate fresh/saline water EQS and UK drinking water standards and the baseline monitoring data;

� The time, date and nature of any known incidents or activities that may have impacted on water quality;

� The review of the generic analysis suite and monitoring programme to ensure that the level of testing, sampling and analysis is appropriate for the ongoing site activities; and

� Revisions to the strategy in consultation with the Environment Agency and British Waterways.

6.2 Global Groundwater Monitoring Strategy

The GGMS (Ref. 11) provides the framework for monitoring groundwater conditions during and post remediation and construction phases on Site. The programme has been designed to allow an ongoing assessment of the wider groundwater issues as well as demonstrating, or otherwise, that no impacts on groundwater quality can be observed from site activities during site works. This strategy therefore provides the framework against which the performance of groundwater water protection measures that are described in this document can be measured and developed.

The GGMS states that it will be the responsibility of contractors to collect the data specified within this groundwater monitoring strategy and provide the final factual data to the Project Manager for interpretation following each monitoring interval. Under the proposed framework groundwater monitoring data will be



assimilated and delivered as a ‘Global Groundwater Condition’ report at biannual intervals.

The report will include:

� Plans of groundwater contours across the site within the different groundwater units;

� Interpretation of groundwater chemistry across the site, with reference to conditions adjacent to the surface water features and groundwater chemistry in the Chalk aquifer;

� Details of activities which may have effected groundwater quality across the site;

� Plots of contaminant concentrations to demonstrate, or otherwise, the improvement of groundwater quality across the site with reference to applicable guideline water quality standards;

� Review of monitoring locations, frequency and analytical suite in light of the current round of monitoring results; and

� Recommendations for the next round of groundwater monitoring.

6.3 Review of Monitoring Results

Monitoring data will be collated and reviewed on a regular basis and used to assess the potential impact of the development on receiving waters. This review and ongoing monitoring will be used to inform this PEMP and requirements for discharge and prevention of pollution. It is expected that review meetings will be held with the EA to discuss these results and agree any further actions required.



7. References Ref. 1. Olympic Park Code of Construction Practice. July 2007. Document reference: CLM-D0404-Rep-CoCP-v0.11.doc

Ref. 2. Environment Agency. Pollution Prevention Guidelines. Available at: http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/business/444251/444731/ppg/. 2008.

Ref. 3. CIRIA C532 – Control of Water Pollution from Construction Sites, 2000.

Ref. 4. CIRIA C650 – Environmental Good Practice on Site (2nd Edition), 2005.

Ref. 5. CIRIA C648 – Control of water pollution from linear construction projects, 2006.

Ref. 6. Part 3, Chapter 14. Soil Conditions, Groundwater and Contamination Baseline and Assessment. Environmental Statement accompanying the Lower Lea Valley Olympic and Legacy Facilities Park Planning Application. January 2007.

Ref. 7. . Groundwater Model: Base Model Conceptualisation and Development. October 2006, Version 1.0. Reference: REP-CSP-ZZZ-OLP-XXX-E-0010.

Ref. 8. Emergency response/spill control. Health & Safety Executive. Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/comah/sragtech/techmeasspill.htm. 2008.

Ref. 9. Site-Wide Surface Water Quality Monitoring Strategy. Construction / Remediation Phase, June 2007. Document reference: REP-ENL-CE-ZZZ-OLP-SP1-E-0007.

Ref. 10. Olympic Park. Ecological Management Plan, ODA-D0405-PRO-EcoManPlan-v1.0, September 2007.

Ref. 11. Global Groundwater Monitoring Strategy, July 2007. Document reference: DRI-ATK-CG-ZZZ-ZZZ-ZZZ-E-0027.


REP-ATK-TE-ZZZ-ZZZ-XXX-Z-0001 A-1

APPENDIX A: Surface Water Features


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APPENDIX B: Underground Strata



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APPENDIX C: Surface Water Abstractions Within 2km of the Olympic Park


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Surface Water Abstraction Licences Within 2km of the Olympic Park

LIC_NO LH_NAME USE

29/38/09/0144 British Waterways Board Non-Evaporative Cooling 29/38/09/0144 British Waterways Board Non-Evaporative Cooling 28/39/39/0214 London Borough of Tower Hamlets Horticultural Watering 28/39/39/0214 London Borough of Tower Hamlet Make-Up Or Top Up Water

29/38/09/0188 Daro Factors Limited Drinking, Cooking, Sanitary, Washing, (Small Garden) – Commercial/Industrial/Public Services

29/38/09/0187 Kedassia Poultry Limited Process Water

29/38/09/0178 Peninsula Water Limited General Use Relating To Secondary Category (Medium Loss)

29/38/09/0171 OCS Smarts Group Ltd Laundry Use 29/38/09/0177 Aggregate Industries UK Ltd Dust Suppression 29/38/09/0177 Aggregate Industries UK Ltd Process Water 29/38/09/0168 Hanson Quarry Products Europe Ltd Dust Suppression

29/38/09/0032 London Borough of Waltham Forest General Use Relating To Secondary Category (Medium Loss)

29/38/09/0149 Anjuman-e-Iscahul-Muslimeen of UK Non-Evaporative Cooling 29/38/09/0149 Anjuman-e-Iscahul-Muslimeen of UK Non-Evaporative Cooling 29/38/09/0162 Lee Valley Reginoal Park Autority Make-Up Or Top Up Water

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REP-ATK-TE-ZZZ-ZZZ-XXX-Z-0001 D-1

APPENDIX D: Groundwater Abstractions


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APPENDIX E: Groundwater Protection Zones


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APPENDIX F: Emergency Access Points to Watercourses


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Documents

Water Management Plan-Sustainability