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WASTE MINIMIZATIONREUSE REDUCE RECYCLE

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What is waste ?Waste includes all items that people no longer have any use for, which they either intend to get rid of or have already discarded

E-WASTEIRON WASTEBIO-WASTEHOUSE CLEEN WASTE

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What Is Minimization ?The act of reducing something to the least possible amount or degree or position.

High waste Low waste

DECREAS

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What Is Waste Minimization?Waste minimization is the process and the policy of reducing the amount of waste produced by a person or a society.

Waste minimization can be defined as "systematically reducing waste at source". It means: Prevention and/or reduction of waste generated Efficient use of raw materials and packaging Efficient use of fuel, electricity and water Improving the quality of waste generated to facilitate recycling and/or reduce hazard Encouraging re-use, recycling and recovery. WM PROCESS

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Environmental Legislation The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.The Hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989.The National Environmental Tribunal Act, 1995.The Biomedical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998.The Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000.

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Category number Waste categoryTreatment & disposal option

1Human Anatomical Waste(human tissues, organs, body parts)Incineration / deep burial

2Animal Waste(animal tissues, organs, body parts carcasses,bleeding parts, fluid, blood and experimentalanimals used in research, waste generated byveterinary hospitals colleges, discharge fromhospitals animal houses)Incineration / deep burial

3Microbiology & Biotechnology Waste(wastes from laboratory cultures, stocks orspecimens of micro-organism live or attenuatedvaccines, human and animal cell culture used )Local autoclaving /micro waving / incineration

5Discarded Medical and Cytotoxic Drugs (wastes comprising or updated, contaminated and is carded medicines)Incineration / destruction drugs disposal insecured landfills

4Waste Sharps(needles, syringes, scalpels, blades, glass, etc.)Disinfections

Categories of bio medical waste:

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Category number Waste categoryTreatment & disposal option

6Solid Waste(Items contaminated with blood, andbody, fluids including cotton,dressings, soiled plaster casts,Incineration /Autoclaving /Micro waving

7Solid Waste(wastes generated from disposableitems other than the waste sharpsSuch as tubings, catheters) Disinfections bychemical treatment

8Liquid Waste(waste generated from laboratory )Disinfections bychemical treatment

9Incineration Ash(ash from incineration of any bio-medical waste )Disposal in municipal landfill

10Chemical Waste(chemical used in production of biological, chemicals used in disinfections, as insecticides, etc)Chemical treatment anddischarge into drains forliquids and secured landfill for solids

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Color Coding Type of Container and Waste Category Treatment options as per Schedule I

Yellow Plastic bag Cat. 1, Cat. 2, and Cat. 3, Cat. 6. Incineration/deep burial

Red Disinfected container/plastic bag Cat. 3, Cat. 6, Cat.7. Autoclaving/Microwaving/ Chemical Treatment

Blue/White translucent Plastic bag/puncture proof Cat. 4, Cat. 7. Container Autoclaving/Microwaving/ Chemical Treatment and destruction/shredding

Black Plastic bag Cat. 5 and Cat. 9 and Cat. 10. (solid) Disposal in secured landfill

COLOR CODING OF WASTE CATEGORIES :

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SCHEDULE IV(see Rule 6)LABEL FOR TRANSPORT OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE CONTAINERS/BAGSDay ............ Month ..............Year ...........Date of generation ...................Waste category No ........Waste class .Waste description ..Sender's Name & Address Receiver's Name & AddressPhone No ........ Phone No ............... Telex No .... Telex No ............... Fax No ............... Fax No .................Contact Person ........ Contact Person .........In case of emergency please contact Name & Address :Phone No. ....Note : Label shall be non-washable and prominently visible.

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Health care waste includes Waste generated by the health care facilities Research facilitiesLaboratories

Biomedical waste in hospitals85% are non-infectious10% are infectious5% are hazardous

Implementation of BIO-MEDICAL WASTE RULES 1998

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WM TECHNIQUES:WM TECHNIQUESRECYCLING

SOURCE REDUCTIONPRODUCTION MODIFICATIONOnsite recovery and reuse Creation of useful by productsProcess change

Good house- keeping

Input material changeBetter process control Equipment modification Technology change

Working instructions, supervision, awareness and regular training of workforce would facilitate good housekeeping. Substitution of input materials by eco-friendly material preferably having longer service time. Modifications of the working procedures, machine-operating instructions and process record keeping in order to run the processes at higher efficiency and with lower waste generation and emissions. Modification of existing production equipment and utilities, for instance, by the addition of measuring and controlling devices .Replacement of the technology, processing sequence and/or synthesis route, in order to minimize waste and emission generation during production. Reuse of wasted materials in the same process or for another useful application within the industry. Modification of the waste generation process in order to transform the wasted material into a material that can be reused or recycled for another application within or outside the company. Characteristics of the product can be modified to minimize the environmental impacts of its production or those of the product itself during or after its use (disposal).

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Waste can be minimized by looking at:Inputs ------- (for example, energy and raw materials)Processes ------- (controlling them and improving them)Outputs ------- (for example, end products, solid waste, water and effluent, waste raw materials, heat and energy losses)

A Waste Minimization Initiative should effectively manage all aspects of a businesss waste.

How to Minimize Waste :

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Minimizing waste will help the business to:Keep waste disposal costs down.Keep raw material costs down.Comply with legislation.Reduce impact on the environment.Perhaps support other businesses one businesss waste may be another businesss resource.What are the Benefits of Waste Minimization?

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WASTE PRODUCTION:

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AVSEQ01.DAT

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Thank you...... providing such an OPPURTUNITY

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