wai lu wa di.4 - Thitsarparami Dhamma Society · 1? a0VK0wD 0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ 1 2? r[mowdyõmef w&m;awmff ¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ 31 3? tõr t}udrfa_rmuf r[mowdyõmef

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1331-ck/ aESmif;wefcl;vqef; 14-&uf(12-4-1976) wevFmaehn 9-em&D 15-rdepftcsdefoufawmf 78/ 0gawmf 58 wGif ysHvGefawmfrlonf?

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https://www.thitsarparamisociety.com/

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1? a0VK0wD 0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ 1

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bdkuav;ø o'<rR0wD&dyfomY a,m*Dtaygif;wdkhtm;a[mjum;qHk;rawmfrltyfaom

0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd?oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd?oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd?oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd?oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd?oawm0/ owdxm;IomvSsif? t\owd/ 0ifavudk@d+uf.?oawm0/ owdxm;IomvSsif? y\owd/ xGufavudk@SL.?

0ifav @+dufavonf t\mo?xGufav &SLavonf y\mo? 'gu okwWeftõuxmtvdk

t\owd/ xGufavudk@SL.? y\owd/ 0ifavudk @d+uf.?xGufav &SLavonf t\mo/0ifav @+dufavonf y\mo/ 'gu 0denf;tõuxm tvdk

tJ'Dvdk pmtaeeJh ESpfrsdK;uGJ_ym;aew,f/ bmvdkhuGJ_ym;aeovJqdk&if¢

okwWef tõuxmtvdku¢y0dwWWdtcg w&m;bm0em tm;xkwfaomumvY yxr 0ifoufavudk @d+ufI/ 'kwd, xGufoufavudk@SLxkwf&w,f/ tJ'Dumvudk tajumif;_yKI 0ifav@+dufavonf t\mo/ xGufav @SLavonf y\movdkhqdkw,f?

0denf; tõuxmtvdku *ABao,su ykídKvfwdkhtm; trd0rf;wdkufrS xGufaomtcgY yxr xGufavudk@SLI 'kwd, 0ifavudk@d+ufw,f/ tJ'D rdcif0rf;wGif;rS xGufaomumvudk tajumif;_yKI

0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf 1


xGufav @SLavonf t\mo/0ifav @dSKufavonf y\mo/ vdkh¢qdkw,f?'Dawm– rdcif0rf;wdkufrSxGufvmaomumvESif– y0wWd w&m;tm;

xkwfaomumv 'D umvESpfrsdK;udkta_c_yK^yD; uGJ_ym;aeaomfvnf;ESpfenf;vHk; olhenf;ESifhol trSefcsnf;yif_zpfygw,f?

'gayrJh w&m;tm;xkwf&mrSmawm– okwWefa'oemawmftwdkif;yxr 0ifavudk@d+ufI 'kwd, xGufavudk@SLyg?

pifppfawm– @SLavudk xGufavvdkhqdkwmu owW0grsm; tyef;a_zwJhavbJ/ tyef;a_zawmh yxr@d+ufoGif;vdkuf yD;rS _yefxkwfvdkufw,f/ 'gudk tyef;a_z w,fvdkhac:w,f?

'Dawmhum tmemyge vkyfxHk;rSm okwWefenf;twdkif; vkyfzdkhvdkw,f/ wcg 'Dae&mrSm¢

1? orx ,meduenf;2? 0dy\em ,meduenf; vdkh¢'Dvdk ESpfrsdK;vm_yefw,f/

orx ,meduenf;twdkif; qdk&if¢1? yxr pwkè2? 'kwd, pwkè3? wwd, pwkè4? pwkwÔ pwkè¢ tJ'Dvdk 16 enf;eJhoGm;w,f?

0dy\em,meduenf;usawmh tJ'D16-enf;pvHk; vkyfzdkhrvdkygbl;/yxrpwkèenf;_zpfwJhÞoawmum&Dpwkèoawmum&Dpwkèoawmum&Dpwkèoawmum&Dpwkèoawmum&Dpwkèß owd owd owd owd owd _zpfatmifvkyfzdkhbJvdkygw,f? 'gajumifh owdyõmefusawmh tJ'D 16-enf;pvHk; ra[mawmhbJ yxrpwkè_zpfwJh Þowdowdowdowdowdß_zpfatmifvkyfzdkh&m Þoawmum&Doawmum&Doawmum&Doawmum&Doawmum&Dpwkèß pwkèß pwkèß pwkèß pwkèß wpfckxJbJ a[mcJhw,f?

2 a0VK0wD 0dy\em


,ckvkyfxHk;eJhusawmhÞoawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owdowdowdowdowdß v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;vuFmeJhqdk&if Þowd^rJ&m yxrmßÞowd^rJ&m yxrmßÞowd^rJ&m yxrmßÞowd^rJ&m yxrmßÞowd^rJ&m yxrmß

yxrpIvkyfwJh a,m*DykídKvfonf oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif? t\owd/ 0ifavudk@d+uf.? oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif?y\owd/ xGufavudk@SL.?

@d+uf&if @+dufrSef; odatmif owdxm;?@SL&if @SLrSef; odatmif owdxm;?@+dufwdkif;¢@d+ufwdkif;/ @SLwdkif;¢@SLwdkif; owdrvpfapeJh? owd rJ

atmif xifvmatmifvkyfyg?

tJ'D@+dufav @d+ufae7if;/ @SLav @SLae&if; pdwfut_yifodkhxGufoGm;wwfygw,f? tJ'Dvdk pdwft_yifodkh xGufoGm;wJhtcg a,m*DykídKvftvdku b,fvkd _zpfvmwwfovJqdk&if¢

pdwf t_yifxGufwm[m w&m;r[kwfbl;/ pdwf idrfrS w&m;_zpfr,f/ tckawmh pdwfut_yifxGufaew,f/ t_yifudkvGifhaew,f/ 'gw&m;r_zpfbl;vdkh tJ'Dvdkt,lrsdK; _zpfvmwwfygw,f?

'Dvdk t,ltqrsdK;_zpfvm&if a,m*DykídKvf[m rdrdudk,fudkrdrd_yefI ppfaq;yg/ b,fvdk ppfaq;&rvJqdk&if tckt_yifodkh pdwfxGufoGm;wm[m¢

0ifav xGufavudk owdxm;vdkh xGufwmvm;//0ifav xGufavudk owdrxm;vdkh xGufwmvm;//(wenf;) w&m;tm;xkwfcgrS xGufwmvm;/w&m;tm;rxkwfbJeJh xGufwmvm;vdkh¢ tJ'Dvdk ppfaq;ar;

_ref;vdkufwJh tcgusawmh¢Þw&m;tm;xkwfcgrS xGufwmygßvdkhqdkwmta_zxGufvmygvdrfhr,f/ w&m;tm;rxkwfbJae&if pdwf[m olhbmomol_zpfcsif&m_zpfaewmbJ? 'g_zifh pdwft_yifxGufwm[m w&m;tm;xkwfcgrSxGufwmbJ¢vdkhqdkwm xifxif@Sm;@Sm; awGh&ygvdrfhr,f?



tJ'Dvdk w&m;tm;xkwfcgrS xGufwmyg/ vGifhwmygvdkh awGh&ifa,m*DykídKvf tvdku¢

'Dvdk xGufaewm vGifhaewmudk r}udKufbl;/ idrfaerS }udKufr,fvdkh tJ'D }udKuf-r}udKuf ygaew,f/ tJ'D}udKuf-r}udKufryg&bl;/ udk,fvkyfaeusbJ vkyf&r,f?

0if&if 0ifrSef;odatmif owdxm;?xGuf&if xGufrSef;odatmif owdxm;?'gudkbJ pdwft_yiftxGufcH yD;/ tvGifhcH yD; owdxm;vkyfaeyg?

'Dvdkvkyfaeawmh¢0ifwmudkvnf; odaew,f/xGufwmudkvnf; odaew,f/wdk;wmudkvnf; odaew,f/xdwmudkvnf; odaew,f/vGifhwmudkvnf; odaew,f/ESmacgif; wpfae&mxJuae^yD;awmh odp&mtrsm;udkodaew,f/

tJ'Dvdk odp&mtrsm;udk odaewm[m owdxlaxmifr+. ta_ccHygbJ/'D ta_ccH_zpfwJh owd owd owd owd owd udkxlawmifaewJhtcgrSm pdwf t_yifrxGufapeJh rvGifhapeJh?

ESmacgif;rSm pdwfuyfxm;qdkawmh pdwf[m orm"dbufvJoGm;wwfw,f/ owdyõmeftvdku Þ owd^rJatmiowd^rJatmiowd^rJatmiowd^rJatmiowd^rJatmif ßvkyf/ ÞowdowdowdowdowdßqdkwmÞtm@Hktrsm;eJh qufqHw,ftm@Hktrsm;eJh qufqHw,ftm@Hktrsm;eJh qufqHw,ftm@Hktrsm;eJh qufqHw,ftm@Hktrsm;eJh qufqHw,fß bm_zpfvmvm owdowdowdowdowd”om rvpfapeJhvdkhqdkvdkw,f/ a0'em_zpfvmvnf;a0'emudk od/ owd od/ owd od/ owd od/ owd od/ owd xlaxmif&mrSmtm@Hkrsm;rsm;odEdkifav owd owd owd owd owd tm;aumif;avav_zpfw,f/ [dkvdk'Dvdk_zpfwmudkrodapeJh 0ifav xGufavudkom od/ tJ'Dvdk vkyfaejuwm[m rSm;aejuw,f?

'Dawm– pdwft_yifxGufcsifxGuf rxGufcsifae vGifhcsifvGifh rvGifhcsifae xGufvdkhvGifhvdkh&Sd&ifvnf; tJ'DxGufwJhpdwf vGifhwJhpdwfudk

4 a0VK0wD 0dy\em


_yef yD;awmh odrf;raeeJh? udk,f vkyfaeusudkom vkyfaeyg? Þowdowdowdowdowdßxm;aeyg/ tJ'Dvdk udk,fvkyfaeustwdkif; 0ifav xGufavudk owdxm;odaeayrJh vGifhwmudkvnf; odaewmygbJ/ 'Dawmh pdwft_yifxGufae&if vGifhae&if txGufcH yD; tvGifhcH yD; vkyfyg?

vGifhp&m@dS&Jhom;eJh rvGifh&&if 'Da,m*Do÷mefrSm vGifhp&m_zpfwJh "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; udavomawG[m udef;aew,f/ 'Dvdkudef;ae&if

Þ o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm ß qdkwJh wdk;wuf&rnf–'Dw&m;awG[m rwdk;wufawmhbl;/ odkhayrJh owd ta_crcHbJeJh wdk;wufp&m@dS&ifvnf; wdk;wufwwfygao;w,f/ odkhaomf owdta_crcH&if_zifh 'Dvdk&if;tusdK;w&m;Þ o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm o'<g/ 0d&d,/ c÷D/ owd/ ynm ßwdkh[m cdkif rJaevdrfhr,fvdkh 'Dvdkawmh rqdkEdkifbl;?

w&m;vkyfw,fqdkwm 'DtusdK;w&m;rsm;udk &atmifvdkhvkyfwm/'Dawmh igw&m;vkyfw,f/ w&m;vkyfawmh¢

ighpdwf[m junfvifr+ o'<go'<go'<go'<go'<g _zpf&hJvm;/ighpdwf[m tm;xkwfr+ 0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d, aumif;&hJvm;/ighpdwf[m t&m&mrSm onf;cHr+ c÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷D &Sd&hJvm;/ighpdwf[m tm@Hkwdkif;rSm owd owd owd owd owd yg&hJvm;/ighpdwf[m tod ]m%fynm]m%fynm]m%fynm]m%fynm]m%fynm yGifhvif;vm&Jhvm; vdkh¢ tJ'Dvdk

ar;junf–/ 'Dig;yg; cdkifcdkif rJ rJ _zpfrvmao;&if/ w&m;vkyfae&wJh twGuf tusdK;w&m; ray:ao;bl;/ tJ'Dw&m;ig;yg; cdkifcdkif rJ rJay:vm&ifw&m;tm;xkwfr+. tusdK;w&m;&^yDvdkh rSwfyg?

'Dawmh w&m;vkyfwJhtcg onf;cH yD; tm;xkwfyg/ vGifhp&m&dS&dSwm vGifhygap/ csKyfwD;rxm;ygESifh/ odrf;qnf;rxm;ygESifh/ pifppfrSmawmh tJ'D vGifhwJh pdwf[mvnf;bJ Þpdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'emßwrsKd;bJ/ &ifxJrSm



vGifhp&m&Sdaeao;vdkh vGifhaewm/ vGifh&if pOf;pm;junf–yg? a&ShvSrf;^yD;vGifhwmvm;/ aemufu^yD;cJhwmawG vGifhwmvm;vdkh¢

tJ'DvdkpOf;pm;junf–&if aemufu yD;cJh^yD;om;ta[mif;awG vGifhwmqdkwm ta_zxGufvmvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dta_zudkaxmufo_zifh &ifxJESvHk;xJrSm&dS yD;om;awG xGufwmbJqdkwmod&r,f?

'DvkdrSrxGuf&if &ifxJrSm&dSwJh udavom "gwfqdk; "gwf0g;awG[m pifudkrpifju,fbl;/ 'Dawm– w&m;vkyfw,fqdkwm a&S;OD;pGm &ifxJrSm&dSaewJh "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; udavomawGudk xkwfypf&ao;w,f/tJ'D "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; pifju,fav ckeua_ymcJhwJh tusdK;w&m;awG[m cdkif rJwnfwHhavbJ?

pifppfrSmawmh cE<mudk,fu emusifudkufcJr+pwJh a0'em_zpfay:vmwmvnf; 'D "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; udavomawGajumifh _zpfwmbJ/pdwft_yif xGufoGm;w,f vGifhoGm;w,fqdkwJh Þpdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'empdwfa0'em ß _zpfay:wmvnf; 'D "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; udavomawGajumifh _zpfwmbJ?

'g_zifh 'Du 0ifavxGufavudk owdxm;^yD; odaewJh a,m*DykídKvf[m 0ifav xGufavudkvnf; odwmbJ? emusifudkufcJr+ ponfudkvnf;odwmbJ/ vGifhaewJhpdwfudkvnf; odwmbJ/ tJ'Dvdkodwmudk owdtm;aumif;vdkh odwmvdkhac:w,f/ 'Dowdtm;aumif;vdkh odwJhvrf;ub,fawmhrSvrf;racsmfbl;?

ÞpdwfrvGifhatmifß vkyfwJhenf;u pdwfawmhîdrfyg&Jh/ orm"dawmh tm;aumif;yg&Jh/ odkhayrJh owdudk orm"duzHk;oGm;awmh owdtm;u ao;ao;vm^yD; idkifwdkifwdkif ai;aw;aw; wpfa,mufwnf;aecsifovkdvdk/ oHa0* _zpfoa,mifa,mif/ tJ'Dvdk_zpfvmwwfw,f?

6 a0VK0wD 0dy\em



Þ _yif;_yif;xefxef ß tm;xkwfwJhenf;u tvGeftrif;tm;xkwf&if 0d&d,tm;awmhwufvmyg&hJ/ odkhayrJh owdudk 0d&d,uzHk;oGm;_yefawmh owdtm;uao;”ao;vm^yD;/ tJ'D a,m*DykídKvf[m¢âa_ENr&bl;/ pdwfjuG vljuG juGaewwfw,f?

'Dawmh owdta_crcHbJ_zpfay:vmwJh orm"d”0d&d,wdkh[mvrf;rrSefbl;? bm_yKvdkhvJqdk&if orm"deJh0d&d,qdkwm ukodkvf”tukodkvfESpfrsdK;vHk;eJh qufqH yD; aevdkh_zpfw,f?

Þ owd owd owd owd owd ß ta_ccH yD;_zpfay:vmwJh orm"d/ 0d&d,wdkhusawmhb,fawmhrS vrf;rrSm;awmhbl;/ bm_yKvdkhvJqdk&if owd owd owd owd owd qdkwmtukodkvfeJhrqufqHbl;/ b,f owdowdowdowdowd _zpf_zpf ukodkvfcsnf;bJ/ odkhaomf rdrd&Jh tdrf,m/ wdkufwm/ om;orD;/ ZeD; pwJh avmupD;yGm;a&;/ }uD;yGm;a&;awGudk trSwf&aer+[mÞowdowdowdowdowdßvdkh trnf&aomfvnf; pifppfuorRmowdr[kwfbl;/ w&m;tm;xkwfwJh orRmowd.qefhusifbuf_zpfaomrdðmowd om_zpfw,f/ tJ'Drdðmowdu tukodkvf/ ,ck w&m;tm;xkwfwJh Þowdowdowdowdowdßu ukodkvfvdkh tJ'DvdkuGJ_ym;atmif odxm;zdkhvdkw,f?

'gajumifh _rwfpGmbk&m;u w&m;eJhywfoufvm&if ukodkvf_zpfwJh owdta_ccHzdkh&mÞowdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmefßudkbJ t"duxm;^yD; a[mxm;awmfrlcJhw,f?

'Dawmh _zpfay:vmwJh orm"d/ 0d&d,wdkh vrf;acsmfroGm;atmifÞ owdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmefowdyõmef ßa'oemawmftwdkif; owdta_ccHrdzdkh vGefpGmyifta&;}uD;ygw,f?

Þ 0d&d,a_c/ oDva_rxuf/ o'<gvuf_zifh/0d&d,a_c/ oDva_rxuf/ o'<gvuf_zifh/0d&d,a_c/ oDva_rxuf/ o'<gvuf_zifh/0d&d,a_c/ oDva_rxuf/ o'<gvuf_zifh/0d&d,a_c/ oDva_rxuf/ o'<gvuf_zifh/urRuQ,def/ ]m%fykqdefudk/ @G,fcsdefrdk;vSsuf/urRuQ,def/ ]m%fykqdefudk/ @G,fcsdefrdk;vSsuf/urRuQ,def/ ]m%fykqdefudk/ @G,fcsdefrdk;vSsuf/urRuQ,def/ ]m%fykqdefudk/ @G,fcsdefrdk;vSsuf/urRuQ,def/ ]m%fykqdefudk/ @G,fcsdefrdk;vSsuf/csdK;zsufawmfrlav^yD¢ßcsdK;zsufawmfrlav^yD¢ßcsdK;zsufawmfrlav^yD¢ßcsdK;zsufawmfrlav^yD¢ßcsdK;zsufawmfrlav^yD¢ß


8 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

qdkwJh t&[H*k%fawmfrSm 0d&d,wnf;[laoma_conf oDvwnf;[laoma_ray:rSm axmuf&r,fvdkh 'Dvdkqdkxm;awmh oDvwnf;[laoma_r[m aysmhaevdkh&Sd&if 0d&d,wnf;[laoma_c[m axmufvdkhr^rJbl;?Oyrm-@GHhAGufxJ vwmxJrSm wdkifpdkuf&ovdk ,dkifv+yfaerSmbJ? r^rJbl;?tJ'D Oyrmtwdkif;bJ?

'Dawmh xdkxdk "gwfqdk; "gwf0g; udavomawGudky,fowfzdkh&mt&if;cH_zpfwJh w&m;udk tm;xkwfwJhtcg 0d&d, wnf;[laoma_c[ma_ray:rSmwkdifpdkufovdk cdkifcdkif rJ rJ_zpfvmatmif a_reJhwlwJh ÞoDvoDvoDvoDvoDvß[m rmzdkhta&;}uD;w,f? pifppf oDvoDvoDvoDvoDv wnf;[laom a_rqdkwm owdtxa_rmufvmvdkh _zpfay:vmwJh o'<g-0d&d,-c÷D-owd-ynmo'<g-0d&d,-c÷D-owd-ynmo'<g-0d&d,-c÷D-owd-ynmo'<g-0d&d,-c÷D-owd-ynmo'<g-0d&d,-c÷D-owd-ynmqdkwJhtusdK;w&m;ig;yg;xJu¢

0d&d,u 0d&d,oH0&oDv/c÷Du c÷DoH0&oDv/owdu owdoH0&oDv/ynmu ynmoH0&oDv/tJ'D oH0&oDvawG _ynf–pHkvmr+udk qdkvdkwmygbJ?tJ'D oH0&oDvawG juyfjuyfcdkif rJvm&if/ axmufp&mwnf;

[laomoDva_ru cdkifrmvmawmh 0d&d,wnf;[laoma_caxmuf[mwnf–rwfcdkif rJpGmbJ axmufEkdifvmygw,f?

'DtcgrsdK;rSm owdta_ccHuif;rJhonf– 0d&d,vGefr+ajumifh _zpfay:vmwJh vla&m pdwfa&m juGaer+ âa_êr&r+ wdkh[mvnf; ray:vmawmhbl;/ yD;awmh orm"dvGefr+ajumifh_zpfay:vmwJh ai;aw;aw;/idkifwdkifwdkif r+difwkdifwdkif oHa0*a,mifa,mifwdkh[mvnf; ray:vmawmhbl;?

'DawmhÞowd^rJ&m yxrmowd^rJ&m yxrmowd^rJ&m yxrmowd^rJ&m yxrmowd rJ&m yxrmßqdkwJhtwdkif; ta_ccH_zpfwJh owdowdowdowdowd[m a,m*DykídKvfo÷mefrSm cdkif rJae&if t_yifA[d'<awGESifhqdkif&m_zpf



wJh xdkxdkt&m0wÔKawGudk udkif&ifvnf; udkifrSef;odvmw,f/ vufv+yfr+a_cv+yfr+ponfwkdhudkvnf; tvdkvdkodvmw,f?

tJ'D t_yifESifhqdkif&mawGudkvnf; tvdkvdkodvmonf–tqifhodkha&mufvm&if 'Da,m*DykídKvfrSm owd owd owd owd owd txa_rmufvm^yDvdkh qdk&ygw,f? t_yifESifhqdkif&m a_ymr+qdkr+/ vkyfr+/ udkifr+/ oGm;r+vmr+/ pm;r+aomufr+/ tdyfr+avsmif;r+pwJh xdkxdktr+awGrSm owd owd owd owd owd tcsif;cyfodrf;tvdkvdkvdkufrvmao;/ odrvmao;&if 'Da,m*DykídKvf.o÷mefrSm owdxlaxmifr+ txa_rmufrvmao;bl;vdkhqdk&ygw,f/ qdkvdk&if;um;¢

ÞtwGif;owd rJ@dk;rSef&if t_yifowdvnf;^rJygw,f/ t_yifowdrygao;twGif;owd rJ@dk;rSef&if t_yifowdvnf;^rJygw,f/ t_yifowdrygao;twGif;owd rJ@dk;rSef&if t_yifowdvnf;^rJygw,f/ t_yifowdrygao;twGif;owd rJ@dk;rSef&if t_yifowdvnf;^rJygw,f/ t_yifowdrygao;twGif;owd rJ@dk;rSef&if t_yifowdvnf;^rJygw,f/ t_yifowdrygao;&if twGif;owd^rJwmrrSefao;/ txra_rmufao;vdkh _zpfygw,f&if twGif;owd^rJwmrrSefao;/ txra_rmufao;vdkh _zpfygw,f&if twGif;owd^rJwmrrSefao;/ txra_rmufao;vdkh _zpfygw,f&if twGif;owd^rJwmrrSefao;/ txra_rmufao;vdkh _zpfygw,f&if twGif;owd^rJwmrrSefao;/ txra_rmufao;vdkh _zpfygw,fß?

txl;owdxm;zdkh&mu Þowdowdowdowdowdß u tm@kHtrsm;eJhqufqHw,f?Þorm"dorm"dorm"dorm"dorm"dßu tm@HkwpfckESifhom qufqHw,fqdkwmudkvnf; t

xl;owd_yKyg?

'Dawmh tJ'Davmufowd rJvm^yD t_yif Þowdowdowdowdowdß awGygtvdkvdkufvm^yDqdkwJh tqifhtwef;odkh a&mufaewJha,m*DykídKvf[m? Þ owd^rJ&m/ yxrm/ 'krSmwdk&Snfod owd^rJ&m/ yxrm/ 'krSmwdk&Snfod owd^rJ&m/ yxrm/ 'krSmwdk&Snfod owd^rJ&m/ yxrm/ 'krSmwdk&Snfod owd^rJ&m/ yxrm/ 'krSmwdk&Snfod ßvdkh¢vuFmtvdku 'Dvdkqdkxm;awmh owd rJvm^yD?

'DCH 0g t\oa÷m 'DCH t\omrDwd yZmemwd?'DCH 0g y\oa÷m 'DCH y\omrDwd yZmemwd?&\H 0g t\oa÷m &\H t\momrDwd yZmemwd?&\H 0g y\oa÷m &\H y\omrDwd yZmemwd?¢vdkha[mawmfr+onf–twdkif; wpfcgxyf yD; t&Snftwdkudk od

atmifvkyf&tHk;r,fvdkh 'Dvdkoabmaygufaejuw,f/ trSefu¢vkyfxHk;taeusawmh 'Dvdk rvkyf&awm–ygbl;? ESmoD;0rSm owdowdowdowdowd uyfvm&if wkdrSef; &SnfrSef;udk txl;owd xm;rae&awmhbl;/ tvdkvdk


10 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

odvm^yD;om;_zpfw,f/ Þowdowdowdowdowdß _zpfay:vmatmif xifvmatmif xlaxmifpOftcgu¢

oawm0 t\owd/oawm0 y\owd/

Þ0ifrSef; xGufrSef;odatmif owdxm;@kHbJxm;ßvdkh tJ'Dvdka[mxm;w,f/ t&Snftwdkudkodzdkh&m a[mawmfrlwJhtcgusawm–ÞyZmemwdßqdkwJ– }ud,mygvmw,f?

ÞyZmemwdß qdkwJ– }ud,mt&udk Armvdk_yefawm–Þxif&Sm;owd]m%f_zif–od.ß vdkh tJ'Dvdk_yef&w,f/ 'Dawm– t&Snf twdkudkodwm[momrnod r[kwfbl;/ owdxif&Sm;vmvdkh ]m%feJhodvmwm ]m%fygvm^yDvdkh tJ'Dvdkqdkvdkygw,f? 'g_zif– a&Shwqif–wufvdkufawm–¢

ÞvHk;pHkvif;&m/ w-YomvHk;pHkvif;&m/ w-YomvHk;pHkvif;&m/ w-YomvHk;pHkvif;&m/ w-YomvHk;pHkvif;&m/ w-Yomß qdkwJ– wwd,enf;usawm–¢ÞoAýum,Ñùd oHa0'D t\od\mrdwd od=wdß ÞoAýum

,Ñùd oHa0'D y\od\mrdwd oduQwdß[ka[mawmfrlonf–twdkif;¢0ifav.tpum; ESmoD;zsm;?tv,fum; &ifcsdKif–?tqHk;um; csufwdkif?xGufav.tpum; csufwdkif?tv,fum; &ifcsdKif–?tqHk;um; ESmoD;zsm;?ygîdawmfudk tõuxmu tJ'DvdkbJzGif–w,f/ 'Dusawmh pmt

vdkuÞoduQwdoduQwdoduQwdoduQwdoduQwd ßav–usif–yg? tpu”tqHk;wdkifatmifodzdkh&m avhusifhay;ygvdkh 'Dvdkqdkxm;aomfvnf; trSefu ykívAsmyg& pdkufxkwf yD;avhusifhay;&r,fvdkh rqdkvdkygbl;? aemufwcg¢

Þp-rSmîdrf;avbdp-rSmîdrf;avbdp-rSmîdrf;avbdp-rSmîdrf;avbdp-rSmîdrf;avbdß qdkwJ– pwkwÔenf;us_yefawm–vnf;¢Þy\Ý,H um,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wdßÞy\Ý,H um,ocFg&H y\od\mrDwd oduQwdß



um,ocFg&H/ t@+duf t@SL_yif;I @kefh&if;aom um,ocFg&udk?y\Ý,H/ y\Ý,a÷m/ om,ma_z;!Sif; @SL@+duf_cif;_zif– idrf;apvSsuf/t\od\mrd/ xGufoufudk_zpfap.? y\od\mrd/ 0ifoufudk_zpfap.?

'DpwkwÔenf;us_yefawm–vnf; pmtvdku _yif;aewJ–t@d+uft@SLudkaysm–oGm;atmif ykívAsmyg&taeeJh tm;pdkuf yD;av–usif–ay;&r,fvdkh qdkxm;aomfvnf; trSefu 'Dwwd,enf;/ pwkwÔenf;wdkhrSm ykívAsmyg&taeeJh tm;pdkuf yD;vkyfrae&awm–ygbl;/ ig”'Dvdkodawm–r,fvdkh tJ'D ESvHk;vHk;oGif;uav;bJ vdkygawm–w,f? bm_yKvdkh yxrenf;twdkif;Þowdowdowdowdowdßudk xa_rmufatmif_rifatmif xlaxmifrd yD;I 'kwd,enf;rSmvnf; xyf yD; ]m%fygtvdkvdkygvm^yD;onf–twGuf aemufusefwJ– wwd,/ pwkwÔenf;wdkhrSm tvdkvdkESvHk;oGif;umrsSESif–yif od yD;om;_zpfvmygw,f/ tJ'g¢ÞowdyõmefygîdawmfßrSmvmwJ– tmemyge tqHk;t_zwfbJ/ owdyõmefrSm 'Dav;ckbJ&dSw,f/ 'Dav;ckxJuvnf;yxrenf;wpfckom t"duxm;^yD; owdowdowdowdowd txa_rmufatmifomvkyfyg?'D0ifr+ xGufr+rSm owd rJvm^yDqdk&if usefwJ–oHk;ckESif–wuG t_yifESifhqdkifwJh orZmeyAýyg tvdkvdkod yD;om; _zpfvmygw,f/ 'Dawmh pmtvdkuom wpfck yD;rSwpfck vkyf&awm–rvdk &Snfaewmyg/ vkyfxHk;taeeJha_ym&&if¢

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd vdkhqdkwJh 'Dyxrenf;wpfckudk Þowdß txa_rmufvmatmifvkyf&if; usefwJhtwGif;t_yif od&rnf–tr+udçawG[m tvdkvdkÞu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&yg ßqdkovdk od yD;om;_zpfvmygw,f? tmemygeuae^yD; owd udkxlaxmifawm– ,cka_ymcJ–onf–twdkif; xlaxmif&ygw,f?

'D tmemygeowd txa_rmufvmvdkh owdtm;aumif;vmwJh


12 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a,m*DykídKvfrSm vrf;rrSm;Edkifawm–bJ orm"d/ 0d&d,wdkh[mvnf; wygwnf;vdkufvmygw,f/ bm_yKvdkh 'D orm"dESif–0d&d,wdkh[m vrf;rrSm;Edkifawm–ovJqdk&if ÞoDvyx0D,H XxGmß qdkwJh twdkif; owdukodkvft&if;cH_yD; _zpfay:vmwJh oDvwnf;[laoma_ray:rSm wnf&vdkhyif_zpfygw,f? xdk oDvta_ccH_zpfwJh owdukodkvf[m txa_rmufatmif_rifvm^yDqdk&if a,m*DykídKvfwdkhqdkif&m od=myk'fwdkh[mvnf; ykídKvfowW0gtvdkESif– rapmif–a&Smuf&awm–bJ olhtvdkvdkyif vHk cHK^yD;om;/apmif–a&Smuf yD;om; _zpfvmygw,f?

tJ'Dvdk oDvoDvoDvoDvoDv[m tvdkvdkvHk cHK^yD;vmawm–rS xdkoDvwnf;[laoma_ray:rSm orm"dorm"dorm"dorm"dorm"dESif–0d&d, 0d&d, 0d&d, 0d&d, 0d&d, wdkh[m tukodkvfbufodkh vHk;0r,drf;r,dkifawm–bJ rSefrSefuefuefwnfaeygawm–w,f?

wcg tmemygeudk owdxm;ae&if; cE<mudk,f wpfae&mu_zpfwJ– acgif;/ udk,f/ a_cvuf/ 'l;/ aygifpwJhae&mawGu emusifudkufcJr+a0'em ay:vmwJ–tcgrSm tmemyge@+_zpfao;&if tomaeyg/ tmemygexuf a0'emuxif&Sm;vm^yDqdk&if pdwf[m tmemygetay:rSmruyfawm–bJ olhtvdkvdk a0'emay:odkh uyfvmygawm–w,f?

tJ'Dvdk uyfvmwJhtcg a0'emtay:rSm pdwfxm;^yD;awm– ododododod/ododododod/ od od od od od/ od od od od od/ od od od od od/ od od od od od eJh odudk tqufr_ywf'vpyf toHxGufvmatmifvSsmvnfvmonf–txd vdkufay;yg/ tJ'Dvdk ododododod udk toHxGufatmifvdkufonf–tcg a0'em[m¢

oufomvm^yD; cHEdkifwmvnf; &Sdw,f?_yif;xefvm^yD; rcHEdkifwmvnf; &Sdw,f?

tu,fI _yif;xefvmvdkh a0'emudkrcHEdkifawm–bl;qdk&if 'DtcgrSm enf;ESpfrsdK;&Sdw,f?



1? tmemygeeJh a0'emudk cHenf;?2? od/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ od vdkh toHxGufatmifvdkuf yD; a0'emudk cHenf;

vdkh¢? tJ'Dvdk ESpfrsdK;&Sdonf–teufu¢

1? tmemygeeJh a0'emudkcHenf;qdkwm ay:vmqJ_zpfwJha0'emay:rSm pdwfxm;^yD; tmemygeudk@+ay;yg/ tJ'Dvdk@+ay;&if a0'em[mcHEdkifvmwwfygw,f/ oufomvmwwfygw,f? odkhayrJh 'Denf;u a0'emudk cHEdkifatmifvdkhom vkyf&wmyg/ tusdK;rrsm;ygbl;? aemuf¢

eHygwf (2) enf;_zpfwJh od/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ odod/ od/ odudk toHxGufatmif vsSmolhtvdkvdk vnfvmonf–tqif–odkh a&mufonf–txd a0'emcHwJhenf;urS tusdK;rsm;ygw,f? tJ'D aemufenf;eJh a0'emudk od/ od/ odvdkhtoHxGufatmif vdkufwJhenf;eJhcHykHrSm¢

ÞrcHEdkifwJ–pdwrcHEdkifwJ–pdwrcHEdkifwJ–pdwrcHEdkifwJ–pdwrcHEdkifwJ–pdwfß udk a0'emwpfckxJay:rSm rxm;bJ od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/odododododvdkh toHxGufatmifvdkufaeqJtcgrSm _zpfay:aewJh vsSmxdyfxdr+ESihfa0'emay:udk wpf0ufpD pdwfxm;^yD; Þodododododß xkwfvdkuf&if cHEdkifwwfygw,f/ trSefu 'D ÞrcHEdkifwJ–pdwfß udk wpf0ufpD xm;r+rSmvnf;bJykídKvftvdkeJhxm;&wm r[kwfygbl;/ olhtvdkvdkyiff Þodododododßvdkufvdkh&Sd&ifxm;^yD;om;yif_zpfygw,f?

b,fvdkvJqdk&if _yif;xefaewJ–a0'emudkÞodododododßtoHxGufatmifvdkufaewJ–a,m*DykídKvfonf a0'emay:odkhpdwfa&mufvdkuf Þodododododßvdkufaeonf– vsSmay:odkh pdwfa&mufvdkuf/ tJ'Dvdk olhtvdkvdk a&mufae^yD;_zpfygvdrfhr,f?

odkhaomf 'DtcgrsdK;rSm a,m*DykídKvftm; Þodododododß toHxGufvmatmif tm;xkwfIvdkufaer+/ 0d&d,.qefhusifbuf_zpfaom aumoZòudavom. _zm;a,mif;r+udk rodromaomfÖif;/ xifxif&Sm;&Sm;aomf


14 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

Öif;/ cH&wwfygw,f/ _zm;a,mif;ykHrSm ,ckvdkÞod od od od od ßxkwf yD;vdkufaeonf–tcga0'em.oabmoufoufuav;udkrrdbJ [dka&muf'Da&muf(vsSmESif–a0'emay:odkh) _zpfaewwfw,f? 'Dawmh oabmoufoufuav;rdatmif Þodododododß xkwfrvdkufbJ pdwfESifhuyfxm;rS_zpfr,fvdkh tJ'Dvdk Þodß xkwfIvdkuf&mrSm ysif;r+ac:wJ– aumoZòudavom[m _zm;a,mif;wwfygw,f?

tJ'Dvdk 0ifvm^yD;_zm;a,mif;wJ–tcg xdkaumoZòudavomudktmxkwfr+ ZGJ/ vHkhv/ 0d&d,ZGJ/ vHkhv/ 0d&d,ZGJ/ vHkhv/ 0d&d,ZGJ/ vHkhv/ 0d&d,ZGJ/ vHkhv/ 0d&d,_zif– Þodododododß toHxGufatmifvdkuf yD; wGef;vSefypfyg/ trSefu a0'emvdkufwJhtcg vdk&if;_zpfwJh Þodododododßudk toHxGufatmifvdkufzdkh OD;pGmyxr trsm;}uD;vdkygw,f? 'Dvdk ÞodododododßvdkufvdkhÞod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odß[m a0'emay:a&mufcsifa&muf/ ra&mufcsifaeygapOD;/ yxr vsSmvnfzdkhbJ ta&;}uD;ygw,f/ ykívAsmyg& ykídKvftaeeJh tm;pdkuf yD;ÞodododododßvdkufaewJ–tcgrsdK;rSm tJ'DvdkvsSmESif–a0'emay:odkh wpf0ufpD pdwfa&mufaer+vnf; a0'em'%fudkcHEdkifygw,f?

ykídKvftaeeJh Þod od od od od ß[m rvdkuf&awmhbl;/ vsSm[m olhtvdkkvdkvnfvm^yD;ÞodododododßvdkufvmwJh tqif–odkha&mufwJhtcg xdk od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/odododododu ydkhvdkufaompdwf[m a0'emay:odkhom uyfaeygawm–w,f?

tJ'Dvdk ykídKvftaeeJh rvkyf&awmhbJ Þod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odßuydkhvdkufaompdwf[m a0'emay:odkh uyfaewJhtcgrSm rcHEdkifr+[m vHk;0r&Sdawmhygbl;/ bm_yKvdkhvJqdk&if vSsmolhtvdkvdkvnfvm^yD; Þod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odßudk tm;xkwfvmonf– 0d&d,aemufrSm onf;cHr+c÷D ygvmvdkh_zpfygw,f? 'DawmhÞod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odßuvnf; ykívAsmyg&uif;wJh 0d&d,ajumif– olhtvdkvdk_zpfvm/ c÷D onf;cHr+uvnf; wpfygwnf;ygvm_yefawmh a0'em_yif;xefayrJh xdka0'emudkcHEdkifygawmhw,f? 'Dvdk a0'em'%f cHEdkifawmh'D a0'em'%fcHEdkifr+rSm ykídKvftaeeJhcHr+r[kwfawmhbJ owd/ 0d&d,/owd/ 0d&d,/owd/ 0d&d,/owd/ 0d&d,/owd/ 0d&d,/c÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷D wdkhtaeeJhcHr+_zpfygawmhw,f?



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16 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

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18 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

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20 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

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22 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

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atmf¢@+duf&if @d+ufrSef;odatmif owdxm;wm/ @SL&if@SLrSef;odatmifowdxm;wm 'gawG[m trSefpifppf ukodkvfw&m;_zpfygvm;vdkhtJ'Dvdk ta_zxGufvmygvdrfhr,f? tJ'Dvdka_zxGufvmwJhÞowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfßudkom tvdk&dS yD;vkyfvdkhÞowdedyuowdedyuowdedyuowdedyuowdedyuß/ 'Dowd&ifhusufvm^yD? xa_rmufvm^yD? t_yifudçawGyg Þowdowdowdowdowdßvdkuf yDqdkwJh tcgusawmh owd&ifhusufr+ajumifh _zpfay:vmwJh(aeyèynmaeyèynmaeyèynmaeyèynmaeyèynm)wdkhu @kyfobm0 emrfobm0/ @kyfemrfobm0wdkhudk trSefod yD; a&Shwuf&rnf– wpfr*f”wpfzdkvfqdkwm yg&rDtm;avsSmfpGm _zpfvmjuygvdrfhr,f?

trSefu ta_ccH_zpfwJh Þ owdukodkvf ßrS txra_rmufao;bJeJh oDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmponfwdkh _zpfaeju&if tJ'D_zpf_zpforSsawG[mvrf;acsmfrSmcsnf;bJ? 'Dawmhum owdukodkvfudktxa_rmufatmif vkyfvdkh 'Dowdukodkvf[m oDv/ orm"d/ ynmxJu b,ftxJrSmyg0ifovJqdk&if oDvxJrSmyg0ifw,f? tJ'Dowdukodkvf ta_ccH&xm;wJh oDvrsdK; _ynf–pHkvmwJhtcgusawmh 0d&d,trSefvnf; axmuf&mwnf&m&/orm"dudkvnf; owduxdef;^yD; ynm&,fvdkh _zpfvm_yefawmhvnf;owdowdowdowdowda&ShaqmifeJh_zpfvmawmh 'DoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmwdkh[m b,fawmhrS vrf;racsmfawmhygbl;? a&Shwufvnf; vrf;racsmfawmhbl;/ trSefuoDv/ orm"d/ ynmponfwdkh[m ykídKvftvdkeJh_zpfap&rSm r[kwfbl;/olhtvdkvdk_zpfvm&rnfh w&m;awGygolhtvdkvdk_zpfvm&rnfh w&m;awGygolhtvdkvdk_zpfvm&rnfh w&m;awGygolhtvdkvdk_zpfvm&rnfh w&m;awGygolhtvdkvdk_zpfvm&rnfh w&m;awGyg? ta_ccH_zpfwJh owdukodkvfr_zpfao;cif/ txra_rmufao;cifom rdrdtvdkeJhvkyfae&wm? olht


24 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

vdkvdk_zpfvmwJhtcgrsdK;usrS 'Dowdukodkvf[m t_yifowd t_yifowd t_yifowd t_yifowd t_yifowd ygvdkufvm^yD; trSef_zpfvmw,f? trSef_zpfvm w,fqdkwm ykídKvfowW0g vGwfvmw,fvdkh qdkvdkygw,f/ odkhaomf txra_rmufao;rDpyfjum; rdrdtvdkeJhÞowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfßudk t"du vdkcsifpdwfeJh vkyfyg?

tJ'Dvdk Þowdukodkvowdukodkvowdukodkvowdukodkvowdukodkvf ßudk tvdk&SdwJhpdwfeJh t^rJwef; twGif;t_yif t&m&mrSm owdruif;atmifaewJhykíKdvfrsKd;udk¢

Þowd t0dÑ0gaom tÑrma'gemrowd t0dÑ0gaom tÑrma'gemrowd t0dÑ0gaom tÑrma'gemrowd t0dÑ0gaom tÑrma'gemrowd t0dÑ0gaom tÑrma'gemrßvdkh a[mawmfrlwJhtwdkif;tÑrm'ykídKvf/ tÑrm' 0d[m&D ykídKvfvdkhac:qdk&ygw,f?

[wWdya'gyrokwfrSm b,fowW0g a_c&mbJ_zpf_zpf/ qifa_c&meJhwdkif;&if qifa_c&mxJodkhom tukef0if&ouJhodkh ydùuwfoHk;yHkwGifa[mjum;awmfrlorsS w&m;awmfawG[mvnf; 'D tÑrm'w&m;xJrSmtukefvHk;yg0ifw,f? 'gajumifh owdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfvdkhqdkwJh tÑrm'w&m;[mtm;vHk;ukef &Sd&SdorsSw&m;awmfwdkh. ta_ccHqdkwm rSwfyg?

tJ'Dt_ccH_zpfwJh Þowdukodkvfßudk txa_rmufvmatmif tpOD;pGmyxr vdkcsifwJhpdwfeJhvkyf&rSmudk ,ckawmh w&m;u ,ckrSp^yD;tm;xkwfw,f? owdukodkvfqdkwm txa_rmufvmzdkhrqdkxm;eJh b,fqDaerSef;awmifrodao;bl;? a&ShvSrf;^yD; ynwfuGmcsifwmut&if/ @kyfemrfobm0 odcsifwmuwpfrsdK;/ oDv/ orm"d/ ynm _zpfcsifwmuwoG,f/ tJ'Dvdk tr,fr,fawGudkvdkcsifwJh ESvHk;oGif;awGu rSm;aejuw,f? ta&;}uD;wm ESvHk;oGif;rrSm;zdkh/ tvdkcsifrrSm;zdkh ta&;}uD;w,f?tJ'Dta&;}uD;wJh ESvHk;oGif;wdkh/ tvdkcsifwdkh rSm;aeju&if &oifh&xdkufwJh[mayrJh r&bl;?



eef;pOf ywW_rm;iarmufqdkwm tm;vHk;jum;bl;juygvdrfhr,f/A*sDøe,f qm;vif;}uD;@GmudktrSD_yKwJh awmifjum;awm&. ta&ShbufreD;ra0;rSm iarmufqdkwJh u|Jausmif;om;u aehwkdif;u|Jausmif;owJh?tJ¢wpfaehusawmh ausmuf}uD;wpfvHk;u ae0ifrkd;csKyfus&if tvif;a&mifawG xGufaewm_rifawmh/ tif;¢ig 'DausmufwHk;}uD;ukd tdrf,loGm;&&if 'dkhtdrfrD;rxGef;&awmhbl;qdk yD; ,loGm;wmudk;/ 'Dtajumif;udk&Sifbk&ifa@$em;awmmfjum;vdkh vmqufo&r,fqdkawmh oGm;^yD;qufo&wmaygh?

'Dawmh &Sifbk&ifu armifrif; bm”tvdk&dSwkef;/ tvdk&dS&mawmif;vdkh tJ'Dvdkiarmufudkar;awmh¢ u|efawmfrsdK;tvdk&dS&m awmif;&r,fqdk&if_zifh u|Jpm;usuf us,fus,fvdkcsifygw,fbk&m;vdkh awmif;owJh?tJ'geJh &Sifbk&ifuolhudk u|Jpm;usufus,fus,f ay;vdkufwm ,ckxufxdawmifjum;awm&.ta&ShbufreD;ra0;rSm Þiarmuf u|Jpm;usufßqdkwm &Sdao;w,f? Þeef;pOf ywW_rm;iarmufßqdkwm tJ'Dae&mu xGufwm? iarmufqdkwm vlemrnf/ tJ'g tvdkcsifrSm;aevdkh u|Jpm;usuf&wm? &oifh&xdkufwmudkvdkcsif&rSm? owW0gu udk,fpdwfus&m vdkcsifaewm/ 'Dawmh tvdkcsifrSm;aewmaygh?

^yD;awmh tnmuxef;orm; wpfa,mufu ig&Sifbk&if_zpfcsifvdkufwmuGm¢vdkha_ymawmh wpfOD;aomxef;orm;u rif;&Sifbk&if_zpfawmh bmvkyfrSmvJuG¢vdkhar;wJhtcg/ [¢ ig&Sifbk&if_zpf&if xef;aumif;aumif; a@G;wufrSmayghuGvkdh _yefa_ymo¢wJh? 'Dawmh pdwfqdkwm rcufaybl;vm;? wcg Þ"eOP,olaõ;ß0wÔKrSmvnf; yaçuAk'<gudkqGrf;vSL^yD;wJhtcgusawmh qk toD;oD; b,fvdk awmif;juovJqdk&ifolaõ;}uD;u qHyifudk_zefhcsvdkh aumif;uifarmhjunf–vdkuf&if ÞpdßxJ


26 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

rSm tvdkvdk pyg;rdk;@Gm^yD;awmh pyg;awG_ynf–ygapom;? olaõ;uawmfuvnf; xrif;tdk;wpfvHk;csufxm;&if b,favmufau|;au|; cl;vdkha,mufr&m rxifygapom;? om;uvnf; aiGwpfaxmiftdwfudkif yD;awmh vmorsSvludkay;vSsif 'DaiGwpfaxmiftdwf ravSsmhygapom;/ac|;ruvnf; pyg;wpfwif; a&ShrSmvmcs^yD; vmorsSvludkay;vsSif'Dpyg;wpfwif; ravsSmhygapom;vdkh¢qkawmif;juawmh tJ'gawG toD;oD;_ynf–juw,f?

u|ef armifykûusawm– bmqkawmif;ovJqdk&if xGefwpfajumif;xGefvdkuf&if xGefESpfajumif;&m xifygapom;¢vdkh tJ'Dvdk qkawmif;vdkufw,f? 'D0wÔKrSm &EdkifwJhtusKd;awGudk qkawmif;tm;avsmfpGm pdwfxm;tm;avsmfpGm&juayrJh pdwfxm;atmufusaeawmh tusKd;vnf; atmufusaewmaygh/ 'Dawmh b,fawmhrS pdwfxm;udkawmhatmufwef;csrxm;eJh? ESvHk;oGif;rrSm;apeJh? 'g_zifh bmudkvdkcsif&rvJ/omoemawmfeJh }uHK}udKufwJhtcg omoemoDvomoemoDvomoemoDvomoemoDvomoemoDv/ omoemorm"d/ omoemorm"d/ omoemorm"d/ omoemorm"d/ omoemorm"d/omoemynm omoemynm omoemynm omoemynm omoemynm &zdkh&m ta_ccH_zpfwJh Þowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfßudk&atmif vdkcsifpdwfeJh t"duxm;^yD;vkyf&r,f/

rdrdudk,fudk _yef yD;ar;junf–yg? ig[m ,ckomoemawmfeJhawGhae^yD/ omoemoDv ighrSm _zpfyvm;/ omoemorm"d ighrSm_zpfyvm;/omoemynm ighrSm_zpfyvm;/ vrf;ppfvrf;rSefoGm;vdkwJh a,m*DykídKvfwdkif; tJ'Dvdk_yefI rdrdudk,fudk ar;junf–yg?

tJ'D vrf;rSeftwdkif;oGm;Edkifatmif bmudkt&if;wnf yD; vkyf&rvJqdk&if yif&if;_zpfwJh a0'emudk t&if;wnf yD;vkyf&r,f? bm_yKvdkht&if;wnf yD; vkyf&ovJ? tJ'D obm0oufouf_zpfwJh a0'emudktm@Hk_yK&wmudku Þowd owd owd owd owd ßynmudk _zpfapwwfvdkh t&if;wnf yD;vkyf



&w,f? tJ'D a0'emudktm@Hk_yKvdkh&wJh owdynmowdynmowdynmowdynmowdynm urS omoemoDv/omoemorm"d/ omoemynmqdkwJh vrf;rSefukdoGm;rSm_zpfw,f? 'g_zifhowdynmowdynmowdynmowdynmowdynmudk&apEdkifwJh a0'emudktm@Hk_yKEdkifzdkh&m bmudkta_ccH&rvJqdk&if tmemygeudk ta_ccH&r,f? bm_yKvdkh tmemygeudk ta_ccH&ovJ/yuwd @dkif;aewJhpdwfeJh a0'emobm0oufouf odatmif b,fenf;eJhrS tm@Hkr_yKEdkifygbl;?

tJ'D tmemygeudk pdwftm;aumif;vmatmif/ owdtm;aumif;vmatmif/ pdwftm; owdtm; aumif;vmonftxd tmemygeudktm@Hk_yK&ygao;w,f? 'gajumif–¢Þtmemygetmemygetmemygetmemygetmemygeßudkta_ccH&wm? 'g_zifhtJ'D owd owd owd owd owd [m bm&SdrS&rvJ 0d&d,/ c÷0d&d,/ c÷0d&d,/ c÷0d&d,/ c÷0d&d,/ c÷Dd &dSrS&r,f? 0d&d,/ c÷D&dSrS&edkifwm_zpf_cif;ajumifh 0d&d,udk_zpfapwwfwJh p}uÙudk rsm;rsm;avsSmufay;yg/ pdwftm;wufvmonftxd avsSmufay;yg? â&d,mykwfav;yg;xJu p}uÙavsSmufwJh â&d,mykwfonf 0d&d,udk rsm;pGmyif_zpfapygw,f? p}uÙb,fvdk avsSmuf&rvJ/ jurf;eJha_cz0g; wdkufqdkifwJhtcgwdkif;rSm _zpfay:vmwJh xd-qJc%”xdqJc%xd-qJc%”xdqJc%xd-qJc%”xdqJc%xd-qJc%”xdqJc%xd-qJc%”xdqJc%wdkif;udk od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/od/ od/ odododododvdkhowdrvpfatmifowdrvpfatmifowdrvpfatmifowdrvpfatmifowdrvpfatmif oday;yg? trSefu atmufjurf;uvnf; ynwf/tay:a_cz0g;uvnf;ynwf/ 'Dynwf_zpfwJh jurf;a_cz0g;wdkhudk tm@Hkr_yKbJ wdkufqdkifqJc%rSm _zpfay:vmwJh xdr+obm0 y&rwfudkomoday;zdkh vdkygw,f?

odkhaomf yxrpvkyfcgp a,m*DykíKdvf[m owdtm;raumif;ao;rD jurf;ESif–a_cz0g;wdkhudk xdr+ESifha&m^yD; tm@Hk_yKrdaumif;_yKrdaeygvdrfhë;rnf? b,fvdkbJ_zpfap/(a&mcsifa&mygap) xdr+udkom t"duxm;^yD;Þodododododßay;vdkh Þowdowdowdowdowdßtm;aumif;vmwJhtcgusawmh ynwf[molhtvdkvdk uGmoGm;^yD;_zpfygr,f?


28 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

avsSmufwJhtcg ododododod rvGwfapbJ pdwftm;aumif;vmatmifem&D0uf/ wpfem&Dponf_zif– _ref_refavsSmufay;yg/ tJ'D p}uÙudk tmemygervkyfrD_zpfap/ a0'emudkod yD;aomtcgrSm _zpfap/ w&m;rxdkifaomtcgrSm_zpfap/ avsSmufzdkh rsm;pGmvdkygw,f? tJ'Dp}uÙavsSmuf yD;wJhtcgrSm t_cm;bmudkrSrvkyfbJ xdkifwJhâ&d,ykwfudk rdrdwdkh(w&m;tm;xkwfolwdkif;)xdkifwwfaom jum&SnfpGmxdkifEdkifrnf– â&d,ykwfrsKd;_zifhb,fbufvufz0g;ay: nmbufvufz0g;wif yD; xdkifyg? 'DtcgrSmaemufua_ymcJh^yD;onf–twdkif; tmemygeESifha0'emudk vkyfyg? a0'emudkvkyfwJhtcg txl;owdxm;zdkh&mu vsSmvnfvmatmifÞodododododßtoHudkxkwfyD; vdkufay;yg? a0'emay:odkh pdwfa&mufcsifvnf;a&muf ra&mufcsifvnf;aeygapë;/ yxr od/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odod/ odudk vsSmvnfvmonf–tqifhodkha&mufatmif pdwftm;wufvmonf–tqifhodkha&mufatmif tm;pdkuf yD;vHk;yrf;ay;yg? Þod-odod-odod-odod-odod-odßvdkufonf–vsSmonf ykívAsmyg& vGwfuif;^yD;olhtvdkvdk vnfvdkufvmonf–tcgusawmhÞ od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od od ßESif–wuGtm;aumif;vmonf–pdwfwdkh[m a0'emay:odkh wif;_ynf–juyf_ynf–a&mufaeygvdrfhr,f/ 'g_zifh¢

1? yxr p}uÙavsSmuf (owdta_ccHwJh 0d&d,&zdkh)1? yxr p}uÙavsSmuf (owdta_ccHwJh 0d&d,&zdkh)1? yxr p}uÙavsSmuf (owdta_ccHwJh 0d&d,&zdkh)1? yxr p}uÙavsSmuf (owdta_ccHwJh 0d&d,&zdkh)1? yxr p}uÙavsSmuf (owdta_ccHwJh 0d&d,&zdkh) 2? 'kwd, tmemygetm;xkwf (owdë;pD;wJh orm"d&zdkh) 2? 'kwd, tmemygetm;xkwf (owdë;pD;wJh orm"d&zdkh) 2? 'kwd, tmemygetm;xkwf (owdë;pD;wJh orm"d&zdkh) 2? 'kwd, tmemygetm;xkwf (owdë;pD;wJh orm"d&zdkh) 2? 'kwd, tmemygetm;xkwf (owdë;pD;wJh orm"d&zdkh) 3? wwd, a0'emvkyf (owda&ShaqmifwJh ynm&zdkh) 3? wwd, a0'emvkyf (owda&ShaqmifwJh ynm&zdkh) 3? wwd, a0'emvkyf (owda&ShaqmifwJh ynm&zdkh) 3? wwd, a0'emvkyf (owda&ShaqmifwJh ynm&zdkh) 3? wwd, a0'emvkyf (owda&ShaqmifwJh ynm&zdkh)

'dkhvkyfief;pOf_zpfwJh w&m;rSm rsm;rsm;pm;pm;r&Sdygbl;/ 'DoHk;ckbJ&Sdygw,f? tJ'D oHk;ckvkyfvdkh txa_rmufvmwJhtcgusawmh omoemawmfESifhqdkifwJh oDv/ orm"d/ ynm oDv/ orm"d/ ynm oDv/ orm"d/ ynm oDv/ orm"d/ ynm oDv/ orm"d/ ynm wdkh[m tvdkvdk &ifxJ ESvHk;xJa&muf&Sdvmju^yD;/ omoemeJh}uHKawGh&wJhtwGuf vl_zpf&usKd;eyf yD/tyg,fwHcg;ydwf yDvdkhrSwfyg? bm_zpfvdkh ta_ccH_zpfwJh owd ynmowd ynmowd ynmowd ynmowd ynmx



a_rmuf atmif_rifvmvdkhyif_zpfygw,f? bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmf_rwfjuD;u"rRy'ygîdawmfrSm¢

yxAsm {u&aìe/ oí\ *raee 0g?oAýavmum"dyaçe/ aomwmywWd zvH 0&H?

aomwmywWdzvaomwmywWdzvaomwmywWdzvaomwmywWdzvaomwmywWdzvH/ aomwmyef_zpf&_cif;.tusKd;onf? 0&H0&H0&H0&H0&H/ _rwf.?

b,favmuf_rwfovJqkd&if oAýavmum"dyaçe/ ykxkZOf_zpfwJhwpfavmuvHk;udk tpdk;&aewJh _A[Rmrif;juD;xuf_rwfw,f? bm_yKvdkhvJqdk&if 'Dutdk;wpfvHk; zsmwpfcsyfom&SdwJh aomwyefykídKvf[m tyg,fwHcg; ydwfoGm;vdkh_zpfw,f? ouUm,'dõdwef;vef;}uD; &Sdaeao;wJhykxkZOf_A[Rm}uD;u wpfavmuvkH;udk tpdk;&aeayr,fhvdkh oHo&meJhpm&if wcsdefrSmÞ _A[Rm_ynfrSm w0if;0if; 0ufpm;usif;rSm w@+wf@+wf_A[Rm_ynfrSm w0if;0if; 0ufpm;usif;rSm w@+wf@+wf_A[Rm_ynfrSm w0if;0if; 0ufpm;usif;rSm w@+wf@+wf_A[Rm_ynfrSm w0if;0if; 0ufpm;usif;rSm w@+wf@+wf_A[Rm_ynfrSm w0if;0if; 0ufpm;usif;rSm w@+wf@+wfßqdkwJhtwdkif; tyg,foHo&mudk _yef&OD;rSm? wcg oí\*raee0g/ykxkZOft_zpfeJh ewf_ynfa&muf&wmxufvnf;_rwfonf? yD;awmhyxAsm{u&aìe/ ykxkZOft_zpfeJh {u&mZfrif;_zpf&wmxufvnf; _rwfonfvdkh tJ'Dvdk aomwmyef_zpf&_cif;&JhtusKd;udk a[mawmfrlxm;wm&dSygw,f? 'Dawmh qdkvdk&if;u tdk;wpfvHk; zsmwpfcsyfom&SdwJh aomwmyefvlqif;&JykídKvfu rdrdwdkhqdkif&m ,ckwpfb0uav;rSm txufwef;usus/ vlhpnf;pdrf/ _A[Rmpnf;pdrf/ ewfpnf;pdrfawGudk cHpm;”pHpm;aejuwJh ykxkZOfykíKdvfawGxuf _rwfw,fvdkhqdkvdkygw,f? bm_yKvdkh/ tyg,frusvdkh?

'Dawmh omoem}uD;eJh}uHK}udKufygvsSuf tyg,foHo&mrSm _yefus&tHk;r,fqdk&if omoemawmfeJhawGh&usKd;/ vl_zpf&usKd; reyfawmhbl;vdkhrSwfyg? 'gajumifh r[maomwmyeft_zpfodkh ra&mufao;apumrlÞwd[dwf/ 'Gd[dwfwd[dwf/ 'Gd[dwfwd[dwf/ 'Gd[dwfwd[dwf/ 'Gd[dwfwd[dwf/ 'Gd[dwfß &,fvdkh a@G;rae&bJ/ tm;xkwfolrSeforsS b,fvdk


30 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ykíKdvfrsKd;rqdk &Edkif yD;/ a_ymcJh^yD;wJh tusKd;w&m;ig;yg;rS wpfzefatmufodkh _yefIrqkwfaumif;awmhwJh plîaomwmyeft_zpfudkawmh omoemawmfeJh awGh}uHKju&qJ-vl_zpfvmqJtcsdeftcg awGh}uHK&usKd; _zpfvm&usKd;eyfju&avatmif raorDumvtawmtwGif; Þowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfowdukodkvfßudk xa_rmufatmif_rifonftxd &zdkh&m aeha&mnyg txl;}udK;pm;tm;xkwfEdkifjuygap¢ukefownf;?

om"k-om"k-om"k ygbk&m;?

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udk,fhum,uH udk,fhxH_yefudk,fh0pDuH udk,fhxH_yefudk,fhraemuH udk,fhxH_yefyJhwifoHESifhtrSefrvGJ wpfxyfxJudk,fhxHodkh_yef oHk;yg;uH udk,fomqif;&JcH&^rJ?

Þp}uÙß Þtmemß Þa0'emß Þ&ifpdkufß av;ckYodvdkufIom ae&rnf?

touf/ a&m*g/ csdefcgESifhvm;&mb0/ ypfcsae&mTig;_zm/ ighrSmrodEdkif?

(a0VK0wDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;)


1329-ck 0gacgifv_ynf–ausmf 14-&ufaehwGifa_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufYaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;

a[mjum;qHk;rawmfrltyfaom

r[m owdyõmefw&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefw&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefw&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefw&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefw&m;awmf

[ma&wd? yumaowd/ aqmif,lI_ywwf.? âwd/ xdkhajumifh?ygùd[m&d,H/ ygùd[m&d,rnf.? 0dy\em]m%frSm 'g@kyf¢a[h/ 'gemrfa[h¢vdkh tm@Hkxifvmatmif aqmifI_ywwfaomajumifh ygùd[m&d,ynmwJh?

0dok'<dr*frSm ygùd[m&d,ynm. _zpf&mbHkudk cE<m/ tm,we/"gwf/ âa_ê/ oçm/ yùdçorkyg'fudk tus,fw0ifh_yxm;awmh w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*Du ygùd[m&d,_zpfzdkh tus,fw0ifhodatmif vkyfae&r,fqdk&if w&m;tm;rxkwfeJhawmh? pmoif&wmeJh tcsdefukefrSmbJ?

cE<mig;yg;odzdkh tm,weq,fhESpfyg;odzdkh/ "gwfwpfq,fh&Spfyg;odzdkh/ âa_ê 22-yg;odzdkh/ oçmav;yg;odzdkh/ yùdçorkyg'f 12-yg;odzdkh/ 'gawGoifae&&if w&m;tm;xkwfzdkhtcsdef &yghtHk;rvm;/ r&awmhbl;? 'gayr,fh ,ckrsm;aomtm;_zifh a_ymqdk,lqaejuwmu 'gawGt&ifoif&r,f¢wJh/ 'gawGroifbJeJh w&m;tm;xkwfvdkh r_zpfbl;vdkha_ymju qdkjuw,f?

31


32 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

trSefuawmh 'DavmufvkyfaerS r[kwfygbl;/ ygùd[m&d,ynmqdkwm w&m;tm;xkwfwJhtcsdefumvjumawmh owd&ifhusufwJhtwGuf tvkyfvdrRmr+ _zpfvmw,f? tJ'D tvkyfvdrRmr+udk aeyèynmac:w,f? tJ'DaeyèynmyifvsSif ygùd[m&d,ynmwJh? aeyèynmeJh ygùd[m&d,ynm[m twlwlbJ? tJ'Dvdk wcsKdhtõuxmu zGifh_yefw,f/ 'dkht}udKufuawmh tJ'gbJ}udKufw,f/ w&m;tm;xkwfwmjumvdkh&Sd&if tvkyfvdrRmvmw,f/ b,ftvkyfrqdk vkyfaeustvkyf[musifvnfvmwmbJ?

at;¢tJ'D tvkyfvdrRmr+ ygùd[m&d,ynmudk t&ifcH yD;awmhw&m;tm;xkwfvdkh&Sd&if udk,fhrSmawGhaewJh oabmudk 'g”@kyftm@HkbJ/'g”emrftm@HkbJ/ 'g”@ly=E<m/ 'g”a0'e=E<m/ 'g”onm=E<m/ 'g”ocFg&=E<m/ 'g”0dnm%=E<m¢vdkh @kyfawG emrfawG cE<mawGudk pmvdk trnfrrSnf–Edkifaomfvnf; obm0udkawmh udk,fh]m%fxJrSm od&rSmaygh? pmvdktrnfrSnf–wmuawmh pmwwfrSrSnf–EdkifrSmaygh?

'Dawmh aeyèynm/ ygùd[m&d,ynmac:wJh ta_ccHuav;udk waehu 'dkhub,fvdka_ymvdkufw,f/ cE<mig;yg;qdkwmvnf; @kyfemrf/tm,we q,fhESpfyg;qdkwmvnf; @kyfemrf/ "mwfwq,fh&Spfyg;qdkwmvnf;@kyfemrf/ âa_ê 22 yg;qdkwmvnf; @kyfemrf/ oçmav;yg;qdkwmvnf; @kyfemrf/ yùdçorkyg'f 12 yg;qdkwmvnf; @kyfemrf/ 'Dawmh ygùd[m&d,ynm.tm@Hkvnf; @kyfemrfbJ? 0dy\emynm.tm@Hkvnf; @kyfemrfbJ/ tusOf;csKH;vdkufawmh @kyfeJhemrfonf ygùd[m&d,ynmblrdvnf;[kwfw,f/ 0dy\emynmblrdvnf; [kwfw,f?

'gajumifh 'dkhvlpk @kyfeJhemrfrS rod&ifawmh raumif;bl;aygh/@kyfeJhemrfawmh odzdkhaumif;ygw,f/ @kyfeJhemrfvnf;bJ vl ydef;odatmif


34 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

vufcHygvdkh O',b'Nrif;_zpfwJh odjum;u vla,mifaqmif yD; eef;awmfxJvm^yD; pum;a_ymw,f¢wJh? 'Dawmh¢ O',b'Nrif;orD;utvdkr&Sdbl;/ vufrcHbl;/ y,fvdkuf_yefw,f?

aemufwcg 'kwd,nusawmh aiGvifyef;eJha@$awGudk xnf–vmw,fwJh/ yxrnrSmawmh a@$vifyef;eJha@$awG/ 'kwd,nusawmhaiGvifyef;eJha@$awG xnf–vm^yD;awmh b,fES,fa_ymovJ/ 'Dvufaqmifudkvnf; vufcHyg/ u|Ekfyfudkvnf; vufcHygvdkha_ym_yefw,f/'kwd,nvnf; vufrcH_yefbl;/ wwd,nusawmh aju;vifyef;eJhaiGawGxnf–vm^yD; 'Dvufaqmifudkvnf;,lyg/ u|Ekfyfudkvnf; vufcHygvdkhqdk_yefw,f?

'Dawmh rif;orD;u ukefudktvdk&SdwJhykídKvf[m wpfaehxufwpfaeh wdk;wuf yD;awmhay;&rSm ckawmh wpfaehxufwpfaeh avsmhavsmh^yD;awmh ay;w,f/ avmuajumif;&m em;rvnfwJhvlvdkh rif;orD;ut_ypfwifw,f/ avmutajumif;&m em;rvnfvdkh r[kwfygbl;¢wJh?u|Efkyfu ukef&Jhtzdk;udk em;vnfwJhvlwpfa,muf _zpfygw,f/ oif¢rif;orD;&Jh@kyf&nf[m yxrnwkef;u a@$vifyef;eJha@$t_ynf–wefygao;w,f? 'kwd,nusawmh a@$vifyef;awmif rwefawmhygbl;wJh?'gajumifh aiGvifyef;eJhxnf–cJh&ygw,f/ wwd,nusawmh aju;vifyef;eJhaiGavmufbJ wefygawmhw,f/ t&Sifrif;orD;&Jh@kyf[m wa_z;_znf; tdkrif;”tdkrif;vmwmudk u|Efkyfu odw,fwJh/ 'gajumifh ukefeJhtzdk;eJhwefatmif ay;wmygvdkha_ymowJh?

tJ'DZmwfudkaxmufawmh wa_z;a_z; tdk”tdk yD;awmh tzdk;,kwf,kwfvmwm rawGhbl;vm;/ avmutac:uawmh vl}uD;vm&if tzdk;}uD;vdkh rac:bl;vm;/ tzdk;r}uD;ygbl;/ tzdk;,kwfwJh vlawG/ tdk”tdkvmrSawmh 'Dvl[m b,ftzdk;wefawmhrvJ/ wa_z;a_z; ,kwf,kwf


vmw,f/ tJ'D O',b'NZmwfudk axmufaomtm;_zifh owW0gwdkh.@kyf"gwfqdkwm t^rJr_ywf a_ymif;vGJaew,f? 'gajumifh t^rJr_ywfa_ymif;vGJ_cif;onfyifvsSif @kyf/ @kyfonfyifvsSif a_ymif;vGJ_cif;/ a_ymif;vGJwmeJh @kyfeJh xl;ao;ovm;/ rxl;ygbl;?

tJ'Dvdka_ymif;vGJawmh ysKd&mutdkvmw,f/ Ek&mu&ifhvmw,f?Ek&mu&ifhvmwm ysKd&mutdkvmwm bm_zpfvdkhygvdrfh/ a_ymif;vGJvdkh?at;¢b,fvdk_yK_yifxm;xm; r&ygbl;/ qHyifazG;azG; v+yfaeatmif_zLwJh acgif;_zL}uD;awGuvnf; bdkauav;eJh _yK_yifxm;vdkufjuwm?_yK_yifvdkh&&Jhvm;/ r&ygbl;/ _zLwmu _zLwmygbJ?

tJ'Dawmh a_ymif;vGJ_cif;ruif;vdkh&Sd&if b,fvdk_yK_yif _yK_yifr&Edkifbl;wJh? 'gajumifh a_ymif;vGJ_cif;oabmudkyifvsSif &nf@G,fvdkh¢

ÞysKdtdk &ifhEk/ a_ymif;vGJr+/ @kyf[krSwfavygysKdtdk &ifhEk/ a_ymif;vGJr+/ @kyf[krSwfavygysKdtdk &ifhEk/ a_ymif;vGJr+/ @kyf[krSwfavygysKdtdk &ifhEk/ a_ymif;vGJr+/ @kyf[krSwfavygysKdtdk &ifhEk/ a_ymif;vGJr+/ @kyf[krSwfavygß

udk,fhudk,fudkbJ junf–”junf–/ olwpfyg;udkbJ junf–”junf–/ taqmuftOD;udkbJ junf”–junf–/ t^rJr_ywf a_ymif;vGJr+awG awGhEdkifw,f? tJ'Da_ymif;r+udk @kyfac:w,f?

tJ'D@kyfqdkwJhw&m;[m ysKd&mutdk/ Ek&mu&ifh/ 'Dvdk wa_ymif;vGJxJ a_ymif;vGJ@HkrsSom _zpfw,f? @kyfqdkwmu tE<w&m;? olubmrsm;odwwfovJ? bmrSrodwwfbl;// @kyf[m r_rifwwfbl;/ rjum;wwfbl;/ reHwwfbl;/ rpm;wwfbl;/ rxdwwfbl;/ rodwwfbl;?

@kyfqdkwm a_ymif;vGJr+oabm oufoufrsSbJ/ 'Dawmh @kyfudkoabmaygufatmif udk,faumif}uD;udkrjunf–eJh/ o÷mef_'yf rjunf–eJh?

r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 35


36 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a_ymif;vGJr+udkom ]m%fupdkuf yD;junf–/ a_ymif;vGJr+udk ]m%fupdkuf yD;junf–aevdkh ay:vmwJhtod]m%fudk @kyfodwJhtod]m%fvdkh rqdkEdkifbl;vm;? 'g_zifh @kyfudk 'Dvdkod&r,fqdk&if b,fvdkvlpm;rqdk odEdkifygw,f/'Davmufa_ymvdkhrSrodwJhvludk bmcsKdif;ydkhr,f/ ocFsKdif;ydkhr,f/ ydkhomydkhvdkuf/ 'Davmufa_ymvdkhrSrod&if vl_ynfxm;vdkh bmvkyftHk;rSmvJ?

^yD;awmh emrfuawmh ÞarsSmfrSef;a&Sh@+/ tm@Hk_yK/ emrf[krSwfygavßwJh?arsSmfrSef;w,fqdkwm &dyfrd&Jhvm;/ arsSmfw,f rSef;w,f/ pdwfuav;[m b,fol_zifhvmrvm;/ rvmbl;vm;/ arsSmfvdkuf&wm/ r&nfaum r&nfrSef;bl;vm;// arsSmfvnf;arsSmfw,f/ &nfvnf;&nfrSef;w,fqdkwm @kyfuarsSmfwwfyghrvm;/ &nfrSef;wwfyghrvm;/ at;¢pdwfuomarsSmfwwfw,f/ &nfrSef;wwfw,f?

tJ'DpdwfarsSmfwm/ pdwf&nfrSef;wmvnf; tqdk;om; OD;armifc&Jh?ighrSm wpfOykof/ wpfOykof qdk w&m;a[mvdkuf&wm &ifusKd;rwwf?tJ'g w&m;yGJvnf;odrf;a&m tukefvHk;_yefukefa&m/ wpfa,mufrSr&Sdbl;/ig”pdwfnpfua&m/ 'gbmvJ arsSmfrSef;wmr[kwfvm;?

'Dawmh arsSmfrSef;w,fqdkwm @kyfuarsSmfrSef;vdkh r&bl;/ bmrS&ovJ/ pdwfurS &wm? 'Dawmh pdwfu arsSmfrSef;w,fqdkwm b,fvdkarsSmfrSef;ovJ/ tm@HkqDodkh pdwfpl;pdkuf yD;awmh tm@HkeJhpdwfeJh wJhwJh_zpfatmif a&Sh@+wmudk arsSmfrSef;w,fac:w,f? tm@HkuaemufrSmaew,f/pdwfu a&ShrSmxm;w,f/ 'gudk a&Sh@+ac:rvm;/ a&ShwJhwJhaerS a&Sh@+ac:r,f r[kwfvm;// tJ'DarsSmfrSef;_cif;/ a&Sh@+_cif;udkyifvsSif tm@Hk_yKw,fvdkh ac:w,f// tJ'DarsSmfrSef;_cif; a&Sh@+_cif;oabm/ tm@Hk_yK_cif;oabmonfyifvsSif emrfemrfemrfemrfemrf? emrfqdkwmeJh tm@Hk_yKqdkwmeJh twlwlbJ?



waehu vuFmav;vkyf yD;awmh csay;vdkufw,f/ tJ'DvuFmuav;vnf; enf;enf;awmh_yifcsifao;w,f? bm_zpfvdkhvJqdkawmh pmqefavvlawGu em;rvnfavbJ/ juyfjuyfpmpum;a_ymav todcufavbJ?'Dawmh pum;[m pmenf;enf;eJh t&yfoHk;pum; rsm;vmrS em;xJrSm&Sif;&Sif;oGm;w,f?

owW0g[m ysKd&muae^yD; wa_z;a_z;tdkvmw,f/ tJ'g a_ymif;vJGr+ r[kwfbl;vm;? ysKd&muae^yD; wa_z;a_z;tdkvmwm a_ymif;vJvdkhtdkvmwmaygh? ra_ymif;vJGbJeJhtdkyghrvm;/ atmf¢wpfaeh”wpfaehawmhukefoGm;ayghvdkh a_ym@dk;a_ympOf vlawGua_ymjuw,f? aehukefoGm;wmawmh a_ymw,f/ udk,fhcE<mudk,f}uD;ukefoGm;wmawmh pdwfura&mufbl;/aehukef&if udk,fhcE<mukd,f}uD;uaum ukefrvdkufbl;vm;/ ukefvdkufygw,f/ 'Dvdkvnf; todom;? pdwfu ra&mufvdkhomaemf? aehukefoGm;wdkif;cE<mudk,f}uD; ukefoGm;wm[m bm_zpfvdkhygvdrfh? t^rJr_ywf a_ymif;vGJaevdkhwJh/ wa_ymif;vJGxJa_ymif;vJae&if tcsdefukefovdk cE<mudk,fvnf;ukef&rSmaygh?

O',b'N Zmwfawmfudk axmufjunf–prf;yg? O',b'N ZmwfrSm O',b'NqdkwJhrif;om;u ao^yD;awmh wm0wþomewf_ynf a&mufoGm;w,f/ raocifuwJu O',b'Nrif;orD;eJh O',b'Nrif;om;wdkh[m tdrfaxmifr+udçudk ypfy,fxm;juw,f/ rif;rdzk&m;qdkayr,fhvdkh'DZmwfawmfrSm armif&if;ESr&if;uJhodkh aejuw,f/ tJ'Dawmh¢O',b'Nrif;[m aowJhtcgusawmh wm0wþomewf_ynfrSm odjum;oGm;_zpfa&m/ odjum;oGm;_zpfawmh O',b'Nrif;orD;&Jhtvkdudk pHkprf;vdkvdkh¢nnf–oef;acgiftcsdefrSm a@$vifyef;eJha@$awGxnf– yD;awmh aphpyfpum;vma_ymw,f/ t&Sifrif;orD;¢'Da@$awGudkvnf;odrf;yg/ tu|Ekfyfudkvnf;



'Dawmhemrfu tm@Hk&Sd&modkharsSmfrSef;a&Sh@+ yD; tm@Hk_yKwwfw,f?@kyfu a_ymif;vGJwwfw,f/ @kyfeJhemrfavmufawmh odzdkha_ymaewm?@kyfeJhemrfavmufod&if w&m;tm;xkwfvdkh_zpf yD?

'Dawmh rsufpdu _rif_cif;/ em;u jum;_cif;/ ESmacgif;u eH_cif;/vsSmu pm;_cif;/ cE<mudk,fu awGhxd_cif;/ pdwfxJESvHk;xJu pdwful;}uHpnf_cif;/ tJ'Dw&m;awGudk tm@HkeJhuif;vdkh r_zpfEdkifwJhtwGuf emrfac:w,f/ tJ'D 6-ckudk csefvSyfI wpfudk,fvHk;/ wpfaumifvHk; a_ymif;vGJr+awGr_zpfbl;vm;/ _zpfw,f/ tJ'Da_ymif;vGJr+udkawmh @kyfac:w,f?

'g_zifh vlwpfudk,fvHk; wpfaumifvHk;rSm a_cqHk;acgif;qHk; twGif;a&m t_yifa&m &SmvdkufcJhonf&Sdaomf @kyfeJhemrfuvGJvdkh bm&Sdao;vJ/ bmrSr&Sdbl;/ at;¢@kyfeJhemrfbJ&Sdw,f? tJ'D @kyfeJhemrf[m vlr[kwfbl;? @kyfeJhemrf[m _zpf_cif;oabmrsSbJ/ @kyfvnf;bJ w_zpfxJ_zpf_zpfaew,f/ emrfvnf;bJ w_zpfxJ_zpf_zpfaew,f/ tJ'Dw_zpfxJ _zpfaewJh oabmawGxJu 'gudk @kyfac:w,f/ 'gudk emrfac:w,fvdkh 'Dvdk rodEdkifavmufbl;vm;?

'Dawmh w_zpfxJ_zpfaewJh @kyfawGemrfawGudk cGJ_cm;odEdkif&ifvlr[kwfwm rxif&Sm;bl;vm;/ twHk;tcJ udk,faumif o÷mefponfwdkhu trSefr&Sd/ w_zpfxJ_zpfaewJh _zpf_cif;obm0rsSomvsSif trSef&Sdw,f/ trSef&SdwJh @kyfeJhemrf ay:rSm pdwfa&mufaevdkh&Sd&if 'k=awGudkvkyfcsifygtHk;rvm;/ rvkyfcsifawmhbl;/ trSef&SdwJh @kyfemrfay: pdwfra&mufbJeJh trSm;udkod yD;awmh twHk;vdkuf tcJvdkuf taumifvdkuf'Dvdkxifaevdkh rawmfwmawG avsSmufvkyfaewm r[kwfaybl;vm;?


38 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

'Dawmh 'k=r&Sd 'k=&Smw,f OD;armifc&Jh/ 'k=r&Sd 'k=&SmwJhtxJ OD;armifomaum rygbl;vm;/ ryg”ygbk&m;/ [m¢ygvScsnfaygh/OD;armifom¢r,m;eJhom;eJhbJ r[kwfvm;/ tararG;wJhtwdkif; vlysKdukd,f tysKdukd,f aejuvdkh&Sd&if 'k=roufombl;vm;/ tJ'D oufomwJhtxJu r,m;&Smcsifjuw,f/ vif&Smcsifjuw,f/ 'gawG[m 'k=r&Sd'k=&Smwm r[kwfvm;/ atmifr,f¢'geJhawmif ryg”ygbl;vdkh juGm;vdkufao;w,f?

at;¢'k=r&Sd 'k=&Smjuw,f/ 'k=&Smawmh 'DykídKvfbm&r,f?'k=&Smvdkh&Sd&if 'k=&rSmaygh/ vif&^yD r,m;&^yDqdkwm 'k=&wm? udkif;'k=&awmh 'k=ay: 'k=qifhw,f [kwfvm;/ om;awG/ orD;awG/ r,m;bufu aqGawGrsKd;awG/ vifbufu aqGawGrsKd;awG 'k=awG[mwqifh^yD;wqifh wufrvmbl;vm;/ wufvmw,f/ 'k=r&Sd 'k=&Smawmh 'k=&/ 'k=&awmh 'k=qifh 'k=juyfjuyfawGhwJhvlu vlcsrf;om¢wJh/ atmifr,fav;¢¢rSm;aevdkufjuwmav? tJ'Dvdk vlawGudkavmu}uD;rSm vlcsrf;omvdkhac:raebl;vm;/ xrif;a_zmifha_zmifhrpm;EdkifwJh oabFmolaõ;/ pufolaõ;awGu vlcsrf;omwJh¢Asm? 'DvlawG[m 'k=r&Sd 'k=&SmwJhvlawG/ 'k=&Sm^yD;awmh 'k=ay: 'k=rqifhbl;vm;/ qifhw,f? qifhawmh olwdkhu olrsm;xuf ydkr_rifhbl;vm;/ _rifhygw,f? olrsm;xufydk_rifh&if olrsm;xufydk yD;'k=}uD;wmaygh? at;¢'k=udk okcxif yD;awmh trSm;}uD; rSm;aejuwmaemf? tJ'g bm_zpfvdkhwkef;?

azmuf_yef_cif;oabmeJh tm@Hk_yK_cif;oabmESpfrsKd;udk cE<mudk,fxJrSm cGJ yD;awmhrjunf–vdkh/ cE<mudk,fxJcGJjunf–&if azmuf_yef_cif;oabmeJh tm@Hk_yK_cif;oabm ESpfrsKd;udkawmh odEdkifavmufygw,f/ tJ'Dvdkod&if @kyfeJhemrf odw,fac:w,f?



tJ'D @kyfeJhemrf[m ynwfwifpm;vdkufvdkh&Sd&if taumif;vm;/tykyfvm;vdkh qdkawmh taumifykyfbJwJh? tokbqdkwm bma_ymwmvJ/rwifhw,fr+udk a_ymwm/ okbu wifhw,fw,f? a&Shu Þtßxnf–vdkufawmh tokbu rwifhw,fbl;aygh?

@kyfrwifhw,fwmu ykyfvdkh odk;vdkh rwifhw,fbl;qdkwmawmhxm;ygtHk;? emrf rwifhw,fwmusawmh b,fvdkodr,f// tm@HktrsKd;rsKd;udk tm@Hk_yKwwfwJh emrf rwifhw,fwmuawmh pdwfqdkwJhw&m;onf_zpf yD;onf–aemuf b,favmufcHovJ/ csufcsif;ysufw,f/ _rif yD;vsSifysuf/ jum;^yD;vsSifysuf/ eH yD;vsSifysuf/ pm;^yD;vsSifysuf/ xd yD;vsSifysuf/pdwful;}uHpnf yD;vsSifysuf/ 'g_zifh emrfqdkwJhw&m;uvnf; wysufxJysufraebl;vm;/ ysufaew,f?

'Dawmh vuf_zpfwwGuf vsSyfppfwysuf twGif;rSm wysufxJysufaewJh obm0udk wifhw,fw,f ac:rvm;/ rwifhw,fbl; ac:rvm;/ rwifhw,fbl;? at;¢'gajumifh @kyfvnf;rwifhw,f/ emrfvnf;rwifhw,f/ @kyfrwifhw,fwJh tokbudkawmh todrsm;juw,f/ emrfrwifhw,fwJh tokbudkawmh rodjubl;/ wifhwifhw,fw,feJh cdkifcdkif^rJ rJaeEdkif&if emrfw&m;udk okb ac:rSmaygh/ wifhwifhw,fw,f cdkifcdkif rJ rJ raeEdkifaomajumifh emrfvnf;bJ tokb?

'gajumifh emrfa&m”@kyfa&m ESpfrsKd;pvHk; tykyfaumifwJh? tJ'gudk &nf@G,fI y&duHvkyfwJhtcgrSm Tudk,femrf@kyf taumifykyfvdkh¢qdkwm?

omoemw&m;udktvdk&SdwJhykídKvf[m bmudktvkd&Sd&rvJ? oDv/oDv/oDv/oDv/oDv/orm"d/ ynmorm"d/ ynmorm"d/ ynmorm"d/ ynmorm"d/ ynmqdkwJh od=moHk;yg;udk tvdk&Sd&r,f? tJ'D oDv/ orm"d/


40 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ynmqdkwJh od=moHk;&yf omoemawmf_rwfudk tvdk&Sdvdkh&Sd&if bmudkvkyf&rvJvdkh tvkyfudk&Smvdkufawmh owdyõmefudk vkyf&r,f?

oDv&Sd yD;om;/ orm"d&Sd yD;om;/ ynm&Sd yD;om;ykídKvfrsm;vnf;&Sdonfxuf&Sdatmif owdyõmefudkbJ vkyf&r,f? at;¢tJ'Dvdk tvkyfeJh tvkyfu&wJhtusKd;udk cGJ_cm;^yD;awmh odrS_zpfw,f? 'DvdkrodawmhoDv/ orm"d/ ynm&SdrSom owdyõmefudkvkyf&rvdkvdk tJ'Dvdk_zpfaew,f? r[kwfygbl;/ oDv/ orm"d/ ynm tawmftwef&SdaewJhykídKvfuvnf;bJ &Sdonfxuf&Sdatmif owdyõmefudkvkyfyg? oDv/ orm"d/ynm bdwfbdwfwHk;rS r&Sdao;wJhykídKvfuvnf; oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&Sdcsifvdkh&Sd&if owdyõmefudkbJvkyf&rSmbJ?

ta_ccHtajumif;_zpfwJhtvkyfu owdyõmef? oDv/ orm"d/ynmqdkwmu vkyfvdkh&wJhtusKd;w&m;? [m¢ighrSmoDvvnf;r&Sdao;bl;/ orm"duvnf; r&Sdao;bl;/ ynmuvnf; r&Sdao;bl;/ oDv/ orm"d/ ynmr&SdbJeJh w&m;tm;xkwfaevdkhtydkayghvdkh tJ'Dvdktm;ravsSmhjuygeJh? rxkwfbJeJh r_zpfygbl;? w&m;tm;xkwf&rSmuw&m;tm;xkwf&rSmuw&m;tm;xkwf&rSmuw&m;tm;xkwf&rSmuw&m;tm;xkwf&rSmu owdyõmef/owdyõmef/owdyõmef/owdyõmef/owdyõmef/&rJhtusKd;u oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&rJhtusKd;u oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&rJhtusKd;u oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&rJhtusKd;u oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&rJhtusKd;u oDv/ orm"d/ ynm?

at;¢¢oDv/ orm"d/ ynm&^yD;wJh ykídKvf_zpfap/ r&ao;wJhykídKvf_zpfap/ oDv/ orm"d/ ynmqdkwJh omoemudkvdkcsif&if owdyõmefudk vkyf&r,f? owdyõmefvkyfawmh t"dyg,fuodyfrvG,fbl;/ @+wf@+wfaew,f/ a&S;a&S;uvnf; &Sif;atmifrvkyfcJhjubJudk;?

ck¢a0'em Eky\emowdyõmefrSm _rwfpGmbk&m; yXr a[mawmfrlwmu¢okcH0g a0'eH a0',rmaem/ okcH a0'eH a0',mrDwdyZmemwd?



a[m¢okca0'emcHpm;wJhykídKvf[m ighrSm okca0'em_zpfaeygvm;vdkh odygwJh? OD;armifom b,fvdkod&r,f/ ighrSm okca0'em_zpfaew,f/ igonf okca0'emcHpm;aew,fvdkh 'DvdkodygwJh?

'g_zifh tarhEdkhpdkhaewJhuav;rsm;awmifrS EdkhpdkhaewJhtcg csrf;omw,fvdkh olrodbl;vm;/ odw,fwJh/ 'DtodrsKd;[m owdyõmefodr[kwfbl;wJh? bm_zpfvdkhvJ? ykídKvf[laomt,ludk rpGefh/ owW0g[laom trSwfonmvnf; ruif;/ at;¢ruif;aomajumifh uav;odwJh todrsKd;[m owdyõmefr[kwf? csrf;omwmudkawmh csrf;omw,fvdkhodrSmaygh? csrf;omw,fvdkhodwdkif;aum owdyõmefod qdkEdkifyghrvm;?rqdkEdkifbl;?

tJ'Dawmh owdyõmefoda&mufatmif bmvkyf&rvJ? tJ'Dusawmh ]mwy&dnm/ wD&%y&dnm/ y[mey&dnm qdkwJh y&dnmoHk;csufeJh udkuf&r,f/ ]mwy&dnm/ wD&%y&dnm/ y[mey&dnm_zpfzdkh ta&;w}uD;a[mw,f/ uav;odwJhtodrsKd;onf owdyõmefr_zpfaomajumifh]mwy&dnm rqdkuf/ ]mwy&dnmqdkufatmif odwJhtodrsKd;rSomvsSifowdyõmef _zpfw,f? ]mwy&dnmudkvnf; yGm;rsm;&ma&mufw,fwJh?okca0'em/ 'k=a0'emqdkwm b,frSm_zpfw,f/ udk,frSm_zpfw,f/ pdwfrSmawmh okc/ 'k=/ Oay=moHk;rsKd;_zpfEdkifw,f/ udk,frSmawmh okc/'k=/ csrf;om”qif;&J ESpfrsKd;_zpfw,f?

'Dawmh udk,frSm_zpfwJha0'embJ_zpf_zpf/ pdwfrSm_zpfwJh a0'embJ _zpf_zpf/ _zpf&mXmeeJh ra&mapeJh? acgif;udkufw,f/ oGm;emw,f/&ifbwfemw,f/ Adkufatmifhw,f/ a_caxmufemw,f ponf_zpf&mrSmae&mXmeeJhra&mapbJ/ acgif;u acgif;w_cm;/ a0'emu a0'emw_cm;/


42 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

acgif;udkufw,fqdkwm acgif;rSma0'emay:wm/ acgif;rSma0'emay:acgif;rSma0'emay:acgif;rSma0'emay:acgif;rSma0'emay:acgif;rSma0'emay:awmh tJ'Day:aewJh a0'emeJhacgif;eJh uGJ_ym;ygap¢wJh? a0'emxJawmh tJ'Day:aewJh a0'emeJhacgif;eJh uGJ_ym;ygap¢wJh? a0'emxJawmh tJ'Day:aewJh a0'emeJhacgif;eJh uGJ_ym;ygap¢wJh? a0'emxJawmh tJ'Day:aewJh a0'emeJhacgif;eJh uGJ_ym;ygap¢wJh? a0'emxJawmh tJ'Day:aewJh a0'emeJhacgif;eJh uGJ_ym;ygap¢wJh? a0'emxJacgif;rygapeJhwJhacgif;rygapeJhwJhacgif;rygapeJhwJhacgif;rygapeJhwJhacgif;rygapeJhwJh? a0'emonfacgif;r[kwf/ acgif;onfa0'emr[kwf/acgif;w_cm; a0'emw_cm;vdkha_ymawmh rodbl;vm;/ odw,faemf? tJ'Da_ymvdkh odwJhtodrsKd;vnf; urRõmef;r[kwfao;bl;?

a0'em_zpfwdkif;_zpfwdkif; _zpfvmwJha0'emudk ododododod-----ododododod-----ododododod eJht^rJr_ywf owduyf&r,f/ t^rJr_ywfowduyfvdkh r&&if tmemyge @SLay;yg/ orm"dtm; aysmhaew,f? tmemyge@SLay;vdkh pdwfuav; idrfoGm;&if a0'emudk od-od-od-odod-od-od-odod-od-od-odod-od-od-odod-od-od-od eJh owdrvpfatmifuyfxm;? tJ'Duyfxm;awmh bm_zpfvmovJ/ acgif;eJha0'emeJh w_cm;pDuGJoGm;w,f?atmf¢a0'emqdkwm em_cif;oabmoufoufrsSyguvm;? acgif;qdkwmu oufoufynwf}uD;bJ/ acgif;qdkwm y&rwWe,frSm wu,fr&Sdbl;?a0'emuom y&rwWe,frSm wu,f&Sdw,f? tJ'D wu,f&SdwJhw&m;onf taumiftxnf o÷mef _'yf r&paumif;bl;/ wm&Snfvnf; rwnfbl;/ tJ'D w&m;udkom obm0ac:w,f?

tJ'Dawmh acgif;w_cm;/ a0'emw_cm;/ &ifbwfw_cm;/ a0'emw_cm;/ Adkufw_cm;/ a0'emw_cm;/ a_cw_cm; a0'emw_cm;/ tJ'Dvdkwpfudk,fvHk; wpfaumifvHk;rSm_zpfvmwJh a0'emudk a0'emw_cm; rSD&m0wWK@kyfw_cm;vdkh tm@Hkpdkufae&if;uGJ_ym;vm&if tJ'Da,m*D ]mwy&dnmqdkuf yD? at;¢tJ'Dvdk ]mwy&dnmqdkufatmif yZmemwd od&r,fvdkhqdkvdkwm? okca0'em/ 'k=a0'em/ t'k= rokca0'emvdkh rlva0'emoHk;yg; a[m^yD;wJhaemuf/ umr*k%feJhpyfaom omrdoa0'em”utifrwef,kwfnH–wJh tukodkvf&Jhtajumif;cH_zpfwJh a0'emrsKd;usawmh



b,fvdkrsm;vkyf&ygrvJvdkh 'DvdkawG;awmp&m&Sdvdkh¢ udk,fawmf_rwfuumr*k%feJhpyfwJh omrdoa0'emvnf; odomodayghwJh? omrdoH0gokcHa0'eH a0',rmaem omrdoHokcH a0'eH a0',mrDwd yZmemwd?

umr*k%feJhpyfwJh omrdoa0'emaum w&m;rvkyf&bl;wJhvm;/vkyf&ygw,f/ at;¢tJ'gajumifh owdyõmeftm;xkwf&mrSm umr*k%feJhpyfwJh omrdo a0'emrsKd;vnf;bJ rv$wfeJh/ umr*k%feJh rpyfwJhed&mrdo a0'emrsKd;vnf;bJ rv$wfeJh/ rlva0'em oHk;yg;udk wnf yD;awmhrS umr*k%feJhpyfwJh omrdo a0'em 3 yg;/ umr*k%feJhrpyfwJhed&mrdo a0'em 3 yg;vdkh 'DvdkcsJh^yD;a[mvdkuf_yefawmh a0'em udk;yg;_zpfroGm;bl;vm;/ tJ'D a0'emudk;yg;udk _rwfpGmbk&m;a[mae_cif;onf]mwy&dnmqdkufatmif vkyfzdkha[maewm/ a0'emonf cHpm;_cif;oabm oufoufbJ/ a0'em[m taumiftxnf o÷mef _'yfr[kwfbl;? 'Da0'em[m r^rJbl;/ ck_zpf ckaysmufbJvdkh 'Dvdk oabmaygufatmifodvdkh&Sd&if 'Da0'emudk ]mwy&dnmqdkufatmif od&ma&mufw,f?tJ'Dvdk ]mwy&dnmqdkufatmif rdrdudk,fxJrSm_zpfwJh a0'emudk bmbJ_zpf_zpf rvpfwef; owdxm;aewJha,m*DykídKvf[m bm_zpfvmr,f/a0'emtvkyf tavhtvmwGifvmr,f/ tavhtvmwGifvmwJhtcgusawmh &Hcg ukd,fhukd,fxJua0'emudk tm@Hk_yK/ &Hcg A[d'<”t_yifbufu olwyg;rSm_zpfwJha0'emudk tm@Hk_yK?

tavhtvmwGifvmwJhtcgusawmh ukd,fhudk,fu a0'embJ_yK_yK/ olwpfyg;udk,fu a0'embJ _yK_yK/ a0'em”a0'em_cif; twlwlbJ/ at;¢tJ'Dvdk trsKd;rsKd;a_ymif;vGJ yD;_yKygwJh?tJ'Dvdk trsKd;rsKd;a_ymif;vGJ_yKwJhtcgaum bm”y&dnm/ ]mwy&dnmbJ?


44 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

at;¢y&dnmpcef; ra_ymif;ao;bl;/ tavhtvmwGif@HkrsSbJ&Sdao;w,f/ okca0'emudkvnf; od/ 'k= a0'emudkvnf; od/ t'k=rokca0'emudkvnf; od/ rdrdtZñwWrSm_zpfwJh okc/ 'k=/ t'k=”rokca0'emudkod yD;awmh t_yifA[d'<rSm_zpfwJh okc/ 'k=/ t'k=”rokca0'emudkvnf; od? tZñwW/ A[d'<omcGJ_cm;w,f/ a0'emodzdkhu cGJ_cm;ao;ovm;? rcGJ_cm;bl;?

âwd tZñwWH0g a0'emok a0'emEky\D 0d[&wd/ tp&SdaomygVdawmfuvnf;bJ/ ]mwy&dnm pcef;rSmbJ&Sdao;w,f?

^yD;awmhrS ork',"rRmEky\D0g a0'emok 0d[&wd? a0'emok/a0'emwdkhY? ork',"rRmEky\D0g/ _zpfajumif;oabmudk tzefwvJvJ@+onf_zpfIvnf;? 0d[&wd/ ae.? tJ'guawmh a0'em.tajumif;udktzefwvJvJ @+ yD;aew,fvdkhqdkawmh yç,y&dí[ ]m%faygh/ ypP,y&dí[]m%fqdk&if ]mwy&dnmbJ/ 'g_zifh¢'g[m yç,y&dí[]m%fudkqdkvdkwm r[kwfbl;/ O',Aý,]m%fudk qdkvdkwmqdk&if wD&%y&dnm_zpfoGm;a&m?

O',Aý,]m%fu b,fvdkvJ/ tajumif;O',Aý,]m%f/ c%O',Aý,]m%fvdkh tJ'Dvdk ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f/ tJ'DESpfrsKd;wGif c%O',Aý,]m%f ra&mufcif 'DbufrSm&SdwJh emr@lyy&dað']m%f/ "rR00wÔmeac:wJh yç,y&dí[]m%f/ orRoe]m%f/ tajumif; O',Aý,]m%f/tJ'D]m%fawG[m tEkrme axmufq&wJh]m%frsKd;awGbJ/ 'dõyç=]m%fr[kwfao;bl;/ 'Dawmh 'dõyç= ac:wJh c%O',Aý, ra&mufrcsif;'Dbufu]m%fawG[m tEkrme]m%fcsnf;_zpfaomajumifh udavomudkcGm@Hkom cGmEdkifw,f/ ry,fEdkifao;bl;/ 'dõyç=]m%frS udavomudky,fEdkifw,f?



emr@lyy&dað']m%fu oèm,'dõdudky,fw,f/ yç,y&dí[]m%fu 0dpdudðmudky,fw,f ponf_zifh ra_ymbl;vm;/ a_ymayrJh ry,fygbl;/ cGm@kHbJcGmEdkifygw,f/ 'D]m%f r&SdwJhtcgusawmh/ 'D udavom_yefuyfrSmbJ? ya,m*rEdkifwJh ya,m*q&mvdkaygh/ ya,m*q&mvm&if ya,m*u cGmaevdkufa&m/ ya,m*q&m_yefoGm;&if _yefuyfwmbJ?

tJ'Dvdk 'dõyç=]m%fr[kwf&if 'Dudavom _yef”_yef yD;uyfrSmbJ/ ya,m*EdkifwJhq&muawmh olu e*dkuwJu csKyfxm;wmudk;?cGmcsnfuyfcsnf rvkyfEdkifbl;?

xdkenf;wlpGm 'dõyç=-O',Aý,]m%f usrS udavomudk y,fEdkifw,f/ ckawmh ork',"rRmEky\D0g a0'emok0d[&wd qdkwJh ygVdawmft&rSm a0'emwdkhY _zpfajumif;oabmudk tzefzef@+onf_zpfIaew,f¢wJh/ 'Dawmh O',Aý,]m%fudkem;vnfxm;rS 'Dpum;udk em;vnfr,f? O',Aý,]m%fudk em;vnfrxm;&if 'Dpum;udk em;rvnfEdkifbl;? O',Aý,]m%fudk em;vnfzdkh[mvnf; cE<mig;yg;udk t&if;wnf&tHk;r,f?

cE<mig;yg;uvnf; @kyf/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&/ 0dnm%fbJ?bmrSrcufbl;/ tavhtusifhrvkyfjuvdkhom tavhtusifhvkyf&if vG,fvG,fuav;bJ/ oabFmay:0ifpm;wJhpdwf pufay:0ifpm;wJhpdwf&Jh tyHkwpf&mrSm wpfyHkavmufavhvm&if em;vnfygw,f?

Þa_ymif;vJwwfpGm/ obm0g/ @kyfom[lIrSwfßa_ymif;vJwwfwJh oabmrSeforsS @kyf/ 'Dvdkqdk&if 'DykídKvfawG

[m @ly=cE<m rodEdkifbl;vm;? odEdkifygw,f? a_ymif;vGJwwfwJhobm0rSef&if @kyf/ 'g_zifh¢a_ymif;vJwwfwJhobm0udk pdkufjunf–vdkuf&if @kyf


46 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

Þqif;&Jcsrf;om/ vspfvsSLrSm/ a0'em[lIrSwfß

rdrdudk,fxJrSm qif;&Jw,f csrf;omw,f rqif;&J”rcsrf;om/tv,ftvwf_zpfw,f tJ'Drdrdudk,fxJrSma0'emoHk;rsKd;[m a0'em=E<m?

^yD;awmhrS ÞrSwfodvdrRm/ rarh&m/ onm[lIrSwfß

'Dvl[m t&ifwpfcgawGhbl;^yD; aemufwpfcg awGh_yefawmh rrSwfrdbl;vm;/ rSwfrdygw,f/ bmajumifh¢onmajumifh? at;¢onmeJhrSwfxm;vdkh tar&,fvkdh rSwfrdw,f/ taz&,fvdkh rSwfrdw,f/ om;&,f/ orD;&,fponf_zifh trsKd;rsKd;tzHkzHkawG rSwfrdwmawG[m onm?tJ'D onmuaum &ifxJESvHk;xJrSmr&Sdbl;vm;/ &Sdygw,f/ 'D onmudkbmac:w,f/ onm=E<m?

wa_ymif;vJGxJ a_ymif;vGJaewJhobm0u @ly=E<m? csrf;omr+qif;&Jr+ponfu a0'em=E<m?

Þaphaqmfajumifhus pdkuforsS/ ocFg&[krSwfß

at;¢pdwf[m 'Dudçay:rSmcsnf;bJ t^rJaew,f/ t^rJajumifhus pdkufaew,f/ tJ'Dvdkaphaqmfwm ajumifhuspdkufwm[m ocFg&/ trSefu apwemudk a_ymvdkw,f? tukodkvfvkyfwmvnf; apwembJ/ukodkvfvkyfwmvnf; apwembJ/ tJ'Dapwemudk ocFg&=E<mvdkh¢qdkw,f?

ocFg&=E<muawmhtrsm;}uD; a0'em onmuvGJ&if tukefvHk; ocFg&=E<mcsnf;bJ/ odkhayr,fvdkh apwemuacgif;aqmif_zpf_cif;



ajumifh ocFg&=E<mqdkwm apwemudkbJzGJhvdkufw,f? tm;xkwfw,fqdkwm apwemt&if;cH? 'gajumifh apwemudk ocFg&=E<mvdkhqdkw,f?

Þ_rif;jum;up/ odorsS/ 0dnm%[krSwfß

_rif&if0dnm%f/ jum;&if0dnm%f/ eH&if0dnm%f/ pm;&if0dnm%f/xd&if0dnm%f/ od&if0dnm%f/ tJ'D 0dnm%fawG[m 0dnm%=E<mbJ?

'Dawmh @kyf/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&/ 0dnm%fqdkwJh cE<mig;yg;rSm @kyfuvnf; tajumif;uif;vdkhr_zpf/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&/ 0dnm%fqdkwJh emrfw&m;4 yg;uvnf; tajumif;uif;vdkhr_zpf/ tajumif;ajumifh_zpfwJh tusKd;w&m;awG O',Aý,]m%frSm tajumif;O',Aý, tvkdtm;_zifh @kyf.tajumif;udk 4 yg;_yw,f?

1? t0dìmork',m @lyork'a,m?2? w%Smork',m @lyork'a,m?3? urRork',m @lyork'a,m?4? t[m&ork',m @lyork'a,m @kyf.tajumif; 4 yg;udk _yw,f?

t0dìm&Sd_cif;ajumifh @kyf_zpf/w%Sm&Sd_cif;ajumifh @kyf_zpf/uH&Sd_cif;ajumifh @kyf_zpf/t[m&&Sd_cif;ajumifh @kyf_zpf/

'Dawmh t0dìm&,f/ w%Sm&,f/ uH&,f/ tm[m&&,f/ tJ'Dav;yg;onf @kyf&Jhtajumif;?


48 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a0'em=E<m&Jh tajumif;usawmhvnf;1? t0dìmork',m a0'emork'a,m/2? w%Smork',m a0'emork'a,m/3? urRork',m a0'emork'a,m/4? z\ork',m a0'emork'a,m/

'Dae&musawmh tm[m&ESifhz\udk a_ymif;vdkufw,f/ t0dìm/w%Sm/ uH”uawmh twlwlbJ/ t0dìm/ w%Sm/ uHu a&S;b0@kyf&Jhtajumif;oHk;yg;? t0dìm/ w%Sm/ uHu a&S;b0u a0'em&Jhtajumif;oHk;yg;? 'Dawmh tckyçKyefb0tajumif;u tm[m&eJhz\ uGJjuw,f/@kyf&Jhtajumif;u tm[m&/ a0'em&Jhtajumif;u z\?

'gajumifh t0dìmajumifh a0'em_zpf/ w%Smajumifh a0'em_zpf/

@ly=E<m/ @kyfeJhtajumif;av;rsKd;?a0'em=E<m/ a0'em&Jhtajumif;av;rsKd;?

^yD;awmhrS onmusawmh a0'emtwdkif;bJ?1? t0dìmork',m onmork'a,m/2? w%Smork',m onmork'a,m/3? urRork',m onmork'a,m/4? z\ork',m onmork'a,m/

a0'emonf z\ajumifh_zpfouJhodkh onmvnf;bJ z\ajumifh_zpfonf? ocFg&vnf;bJ z\ajumifh_zpfonf/ a0'em/ onm/ocFg&qdkwJh oHk;yg;u tajumif;rxl;jubl;/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&/qdkwJh cE<moHk;yg;[m t0dìmajumifh/ w%Smajumifh/ uHajumifh/ z\ajumifh _zpfw,f?



@kyfuawmh t0dìmajumifh/ w%Smajumifh/ uHajumifh/ tm[m&ajumifh _zpfw,f?

^yD;awmh 0dnm%f&Jhtajumif;usawmh emrf@kyf?

0dnm%yç,m emr@lyH/ 0dnm%fajumifh emrf@kyf_zpf? emrf@kyfajumifh 0dnm%f_zpf? t_yeftvSef,l&w,f/ 0dnm%f&Jhtajumif;u b,fol/ emrf@kyf? tJ'Dawmh cE<mig;yg;rSm olhtajumif;eJhol _zpfjuw,f?tJ'D tajumif;&Sdae^yDqdk&if r_zpfao;aomfvnf; _zpfw,fvdkhqdk&r,f?'gajumifh tajumif;O',a_ymwm/ t&[wWr*f]m%fr&ao;vdkh? &[÷mr_zpfao;vdkh t0dìm ruif;ao;wJhykídKvf/ w%Smruif;ao;wJhykídKvf/uH ruif;ao;wJhykídKvf[m r_zpf&ao;wJh @kyf/ a0'em/ onm/ ocFg&0dnm%fwdkh &Sdaew,f? t0dìm/ w%Sm/ uH ruif;ao;wJhykxkZOfykídKvfrsm;rSm @kyf&Jhtajumif;/ emrf&Jhtajumif;/ r*f_zifh ry,fr_zwf&ao;aomajumifh wef;vef;}uD; &Sdraebl;vm;/ tJ'Dvdk tajumif;wef;vef;}uD;&Sdae&if tusKd;udkvnf;_zpfw,fvdkh qdk&w,f? r_zpfao;wJhtusKd;vnf; tajumif;&Sdae&if _zpfawmhrSmudk;? 'gajumifh tajumif;O',vdkhqdkwm/ 0,us_yefawmhvnf; 'Dtajumif; uif;_ywf_cif;onfyifvsSiftusKd;r_zpf_cif;ajumifh 0, ac:w,f?

tajumif;&Sdaeao;vsSif r_zpfao;aomfvnf; _zpfrSm{u÷_zpfaomajumifh tajumif;O',/ tajumif;ysufpD;oGm;vsSif r_zpfEdkifawmhaomajumifh 0,?

'Dawmh @kyfrSm tajumif;O', 4 yg;? tajumif;0, 4 yg;?tJ'DtxJrSm _zpfqJc%/ ysufqJc%udkxnf–vdkuf/ _zpfqJc%u(c%O',)? ysufqJu (c%0,)? 'Dawmh tajumif;O', 4 yg;/ c%O',


50 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

wpfyg;/ tajumif;0, 4 yg;/ c%0, wpfyg;/ 'g_zifh @kyfrSmO',”0, b,fESpfyg;&w,f? O',u 5-yg;/ 0,u 5-yg;/ aygif; 10-yg;&w,f/ at;¢@kyfrSm O',0, 10-yg;&ovdk/ a0'em 10-yg;/ onm 10-yg;/ ocFg& 10-yg;/ 0dnm%f 10-yg;/ q,fyg; 5 vD-50? 'gO',Aý,]m%f 50-ac:w,f?

tJ'D O',Aý,]m%f 50 odxm;awmhrS ork',"rRmEky\D0ga0'emok 0d[&wd? a0'emwdkhY tajumif;udk tzefwvJvJ @+onf_zpfI aew,fqdkawmh trSefutajumif;O',udk qdkvdkwm[m 'Da0'emonf tajumif;rJh_zpfaewJh a0'emr[kwfygbl;/ z\[laom tajumif;ajumifh_zpfaewJh a0'emygvm;/ (odkhr[kwf) t0dìmruif;vdkh_zpfaewmyguvm;? (odkhr[kwf) w%Smruif;vdkh _zpfaewmyguvm;?(odkhr[kwf) uHruif;vdkh _zpfaewmyguvm;vdkh a0'em.t_zpfudk tajumif;eJhwuG @+vdkufw,f/ a0'em.t_zpfudk tajumif;eJhwuG @+vdkufawmh tajumif;O',vnf; ac:Edkifw,f? (odkhr[kwf)ypP,y&dí[]m%fvnf; ac:Edkifw,f?

'Dawmh a0'emwdkhY tajumif;udk tzefwvJvJ @+onf_zpfIaew,fqdkwm ]mwy&dnm uae^yD;awmh wD&%y&dnmudk wqifhwufrvdkh?

'DO',Aý,]m%f qdkwmuvnf; tedç/ 'k=/ tewWeJh ruif;bl;/ O',Aý, ra&mufcif orRoe]m%fuwJu tedç/ 'k=/ tewWta_ccHcJh&w,f? 'DorRoe]m%f tedpP/ 'k=/ tewWuvnf;bJ 'dõyç=]m%f r[kwfao;bl;/ olvnf; tEkrme]m%f_zpfaomajumifh tedç/ 'k=/ tewWvdkh @kyfay:emrfay: oHk;oyf@HkrsSoHk;oyfwJh orRoe]m%f/'D]m%frsKd;avmufeJhawmh udavomu acgif;awmifrcJao;bl;? 'dõypP=]m%fusawmhrS udavomu ajumufwm?



O',Aý,]m%fuvnf; tajumif;O',Aý,”u p&w,f? t0dìm&Sdvdkh a0'em_zpfw,f/ w%Sm&Sdvdkh a0'em_zpfw,f/ uH&Sdvdkh a0'em_zpfw,f/ z\&Sdvdkh a0'em_zpfw,fvdkh a0'em&Jhtajumif;udk odrf;qnf;&r,fvdkh 'Dvdka[mawmfrlwm?

ork',"rRmEky\D0g a0'emok 0d[&wd/0,"rRmEky\D0g a0'emok 0d[&wd/

t0dìmr&Sd&if/ w%Smr&Sd&if/ uHr&Sd&if/ z\r&Sd&if/ b,fa0'em&SdawmhrvJ/ tajumif;csKyfwmudktpGJ_yKI tusKd;r_zpfwmudk tm@Hk_yKvdkuf&if 'ga0'em. 0,"rRmEky\Daygh?

tajumif;&Sdw,f/ tusKd;csKyfw,f/ &Hcg”&Hcg tajumif;&Sdwmudktm@Hk_yKw,f/ &Hcg”&Hcg tajumif;csKyfwmudk tm@Hk_yKw,f/ tajumif;&Sdwmudktm@Hk_yK&if tajumif; O',? tajumif;csKyfwmudktm@Hk_yK&iftajumif; 0,? tJ'Dvdkvm&r,f? O',Aý,]m%fu em;vnfxm;rS'DrSm em;vnfrSm?

udkif;¢'g_zifh âwdtZñwWH0g a0'emok a0'emEky\D 0d[&wd/A[d'<g0g a0'emok a0'emEky\D 0d[&wd/ tZñwWA[d'<0g a0'emoka0'emEky\D 0d[&wd/ qdkwmu a0'emurRõmef; tavhtvmwGifvdkh [dka_ymif;_yKvdkuf/ 'Da_ymif;_yKvdkuf/ tJ'Dvdk _yKEdkifwmudkqdkvdkwm?

ork',"rRmEky\D0g a0'emok 0d[&wdponf_zifh qdkwmuawmh a0'em.tajumif;udk odrf;qnf;&r,f/(odkhr[kwf) a0'em.tajumif;O', tajumif;0,udk@+&r,f?'Dvdk tajumif;O', tajumif;0, @+w,fqdkwm ykívAsmyg&ruif;ao;bl;? ykídKvfod/ owW0god


52 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

taeeJh @+aewmaemf? }uHpnf]m%f pdwful;]m%fr[kwfvm;? tJ'D }uHpnf]m%f pdwful;]m%frsKd;[m udavomrxdbl;?

[kd¢_zpfqJc%/ ysufqJc%udk_rifwJh 'dõyç=]m%frsKd;usawmhykídKvfowW0g r&Sdawmhbl;/ ykídKvfowW0gtaeeJhvkyfae&wm r[kwfawmhbl;? ]m%fu _zpfqJc%udk olhtm@Hkol rd”rdoGm;wm? tJ'DusawmhrS a0'em.O',Aý,]m%f vdkhqdkvdkw,f?

^yD;awmh twÔda0'emwd 0gye\owdyçKyõdwma[mwd/ ,m0a'0]m%rwÔm,/ yùd\wdrwÔm,/ ted\Dawmp 0d[&wd/ eudOPdavmauOyg'd,wd/ {0Hydacgbd=a0 bd=Ka0'emok a0'emEky\D0d[&wdqdkwmu ed*Hk;tkyfvdkufwJh pum;¢aemf? a0'emudk 'Davmufvkyfvmvdkh&Sd&if rif;wkdh'DtusKd;awG &vdrfhr¢a[h? 'Dvdk ed*Hk;tkyf_yvdkufwJhpum;?

Todkh jum;em&aomajumifh owdyõmefaygufa&mufI r*f]m%fzdkvf]m%fudk vsif_refapmpGm &&ygvdkaomf¢[k qkawmif;juukef?

om"k-om"k-om"kygbk&m;?®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®

vrf;a_zmifhw&m; awGhygom;ESifhtrsm;rl;wdkif; eifr@l;ESifhxl;odtcg 0dy\emudkcgcgyGm;rS oGm;&rnf–oHo&mtpOfyg?



53

a_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufYaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wD q7mawmfbk&m;}uD;onf1331-ck/ awmfovif;vqef; (8) &ufaehwGiftõrt}udrfa_rmuf a[mjum;awmfrlaom

r[m owdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[m owdyõmefokwf w&m;awmf

um,mEky\em owdyõmefum,mEky\em owdyõmefum,mEky\em owdyõmefum,mEky\em owdyõmefum,mEky\em owdyõmefudk b,fygVd_zifh _yovJvdkhwpfpHkwpfa,mufaomolu ar;cJhaomf b,fvdka_zjur,f?

uma,um,mEky\D 0d[&wd/ tJ'g um,mEky\emowdyõmef _ywJh ygVdbJ? bk&m;a[m ygVdawmfeJh nDnD nGwfnGwfqdkawmh tm;xkwftm;&Sdw,f? tm;xkwftm;&Sdatmif ygVdawmf xkwf_y&wm/ trSefuawmh 0ifod xGufod 0ifod xGufod 0ifod xGufod 0ifod xGufod 0ifod xGufod ygbJ?

tJ'Dum,mEky\em owdyõmefY um,.t& b,fESpfrsKd;cGJrvJ? um,.t&¢

1? yxr qHyif/ ar$;!Sif; paom aumõmo//tJ'D aumõmoudk um, ac:w,f?

2? 'kwd, blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyftaygif;? at;¢blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyf taygif;vJ um,?

'g_zifh tmemygeu b,ftxJygoGm;ygvdrfh/ um,Eky\emxJygw,f/ [dkuqdkxm;wmu qHyif/ ar$;!Sif;/ paom aumõmoonfum,? blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyf taygif;tpkonf um,¢vdkh qdkxm;awmhtmemyge usefraebl;vm;/ pm 'g@dkufawGh&Jhvm;/ rawGhygbl;?


54 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

qHyif ar$;!Sif;paom aumõmotaygif;u blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ? qHyif ar$;!Sif;ponf_zifh ynwftaeeJh a[maomfvnf;bJtrSefu qHyifrSm"mwf}uD;av;yg;eJh 0û/ *E</ &o/ joZmbJ? ar$;!Sif;vnf; "mwf}uD;av;yg;eJh 0û/ *E</ &o/ joZm/ @kyf@Spfyg;taygif;tpkbJ? 'Dawmh qHyif ar$;!Sif;ponfwdkh[m blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ?]m%fra&mufao;vdkh qHyif ar$;!Sif;paom ynwfavmufudkbJ a0zeftHk;vdkhqdkwm?

aemufwcg blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfu b,folvJqdkawmh xGufavrSmvnf; blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ? 0ifavrSmvnf; blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ?xif&Sm;wmu 0ga,mblw@kyf/ awaZmblw@kyf/ v+yf&Sm;aewJh wGef;uefaewJhavu 0ga,mblw@kyf/ v+yf&Sm;wGef;uefaewJhavrSm ygwJhtyl"mwf/ tat;"mwfu awaZmblw@kyf/ 'g_zifh 0ga,mr[mbkwf/awaZmr[mbkwf rxif&Sm;bl;vm;? tJ'Dxif&Sm;wmudktm@Hk_yK/ rxif&Sm;wmudktm@Hk_yKraeeJh? olh[mol tvdkvdkygvmvdrfhr,f?

blw@kyfu,fvdkh&SdrS_zifh 0û/ *E</ &o/ joZmqdkwJh Oyg'g@kyfu tvkdvdkygw,f? blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfvdkh pmutpGrf;ukefatmifqdkayr,fvdkh avsSmuf yD;awmh wpfck_cif;a0zef yD; vkyfraeeJh/ pdwful;0ifraeeJh? 0ga,m_zifh0ga,m/ awaZm_zifhawaZm/ wpfckckompl;pdkufvdkuf? 0ga,modvdkh&Sd&ifvnf; usefwJhonf–_yif@kyfawG od yD;om;tvdkvdk_zpfw,f? trSefu xGufav 0ifavqdkwm blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ?

blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfqdkwJh pum;xJrSm xGufav/ 0ifav ygoGm;^yD? 'Dawmh xGufav/ 0ifavbJ_zpf_zpf/ qHyif ar$;!Sif;paom aumõmo taygif;tpkbJ_zpf_zpf/ csHK;vdkufawmh blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfbJ?


(t)r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 55

'Dawmh blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfudk tzefwvJvJ@+_cif;onf um,mEky\em owdyõmef? at;¢blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfu um,? tEk”utzefwvJvJ? y\emu @+_cif;? 'Dawmh blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfudk tzefwvJvJ@+ae_cif;onf um,mEky\emowdyõmef? tJ'D um,mEky\emowdyõmefudk uma,um,mEky\D 0d[&wdqdkaom ygVdawmf_zifh_rwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlw,f?

um,Eky\emowdyõmefeJhywfoufvdkh 'Davmufod&if awmfa&maygh? tJ'Dvdk blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyf taygif;tpk_zpfwJh/ um,mEky\emowdyõmeftvkyfudktm;xkwfwJhykídKvf[m bmeJh_ynf–pHk&rvJ? tmwmyDykídKvf_zpfaomajumifh orRy"mef0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk&r,f?

1? tEkyEM tukokdvf?2? OyEM tukodkvf?3? tEkyEM ukodkvf?4? OyEM ukodkvf?'Dawmh tukodkvfu 2-rsKd;/ ukodkvfu 2-rsKd;?

tJ'D 4-rsKd;udkt&if;cH yD; tm;xkwfwm bm”0d&d,? tmwmy0d&d,? r_zpfao;wJhtukodkvf r_zpf&atmiftm;xkwfr,f/ tJ'g tEkyEMtukokdvf orRy"mef0d&d,? _zpf yD;aomtukodkvfudk yaysmufatmiftm;xkwfr,f/ tJ'g OyEMtukodkvf orRy"mef0d&d,? r_zpfao;wJhukokdvfudk _zpfatmiftm;xkwfr,f/ tJ'g tEkyEMukodkvf orRy"mef0d&d,?_zpf yD;aomukodkvfudk wdk;yGm;atmiftm;xkwfr,f/ tJ'g OyEM ukodkvforRy"mef0d&d,? tJ'D 0d&d, 4-rsKd;xJu 4-rsKd;pvHk;r[kwfygbl;/ wpfckckt&if;wnfvdkuf&if yD;EdkifwmygbJ? r_zpfao;wJhtukodkvf r_zpf&atmifvkyfr¢[? _zpf yD;aomtukodkvf yaysmufatmifvkyfr¢[? r_zpfao;


56 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

wJhukodkvf ig”_zpfatmif vkyfr¢[? _zpf yD;aomukodkvfudk wdk;yGm;atmif vkyfr¢[/ tJ'D 4-csuf wpfcsufcsufudk t&if;wnfxm;vdkuf&if pdwftm;xufoef rvmEdkifbl;vm;/ tJ'D pdwftm;xufoefvmwmudkyif 0d&d,¢wJh? tJ'D 0d&d,udk tmwmy vdkhac:w,f? bm_zpfvdkhtmwmy ac:ygvdrfh? avmb/ a'gotp&Sdaom udavomawGudkESdyfpufEdkifwJh 0d&d,rsKd;_zpfvdkh tmwmyac:w,f?

avmb_zpfvm&if 'Davmbudk ig”Edkifatmifcsr¢[/ a'go_zpfvm&if 'Da'goudk ig”Edkifatmifcsr¢[vdkh tJ'Dvdk 0d&d,_zpfvm&ifavmb/ a'goudk rEdkif”Edkifbl;vm;/ _zpfvmwJh avmb/ a'goudk 'Dtm;xkwfr+eJhEdkifawmh 'Davmb a'goudk ESdyfpuf&mrusbl;vm;? tJ'Dvdk udavomudkESdyfpufEdkifwJh 0d&d,_zpf_cif;ajumifh tmwmy? tmwmy 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHkwJh a,m*DykídKvfudk tmwmyD? tmwmyDusawmhykídKvfudkac:w,f? tmwmyrSmwkef;u 0d&d,udkac:w,f? _yif;xefwJh0d&d,/ udavomudk Edkif”EdkifavmufwJh0d&d,? 'Dawmh 'D0d&d,u tEkyEM tukodkvfudk tajumif;_yKI_zpfwJh 0d&d,/ OyEMtukodkvfudk tajumif;_yKI_zpfwJh 0d&d,/ tEkyEMukodkvfudktajumif;_yKI_zpfwJh 0d&d,/OyEMukodkvfudktajumif;_yKI_zpfwJh 0d&d,vdkh 0d&d, 4-rsKd;_zpfaomajumifh orRy"mef 4-yg;vdkha_ymwm?

tJ'D0d&d,udk um,du0d&d, apwodu0d&d,vdkh 2-rsKd;cGJvdkufyg/ um,du0d&d,qdkwm ajumifhusAsmyg&pdkuf yD;awmh udk,feJhvkyf&wm/ajumifhusAsmyg&pdkuf yD; ig”tm;xkwfr¢[Jh¢qdk yD;awmh Asmyg&pdkuf yD;tm;xkwfwm/ um,du0d&d,?

olh[mol pdwftm;xufoefvmawmh udk,fuajumifhusrpdkuf&awmhbl;/ pdwfudku tvdkvdk wufjuGvmw,f? tJ'Dvdk tvdkvdk wuf



juGvmwJh pdwfrsKd;/ 0d&d,rsKd;a&mufwJhtcgusawmh cyfodrf;aomudçudk^yD;atmif 0d&d,ucsD;aÕrmufEdkifw,fwJh? b,fudçrqdk pdwftm;wufjuGwJh0d&d,_zpfvm&if 'DudpPudk ^yD;aÕrmufatmifvkyfEdkifw,f? yí[/csD;aÕrmufEdkifw,f? 0d&d,rSm csD;aÕrmufEdkifwJh udç&Sdw,f?

wxmyí[dwHpdwWH tçKay=wd Oay=m0aoe? wxmyí[dwH/xdkodkh 0d&d,onf csD;aÕrmuftyfaom? pdwWH/ 0dy\empdwfudk? Oay=m0aoe/ wjwrZñwWKay=m. tpGrf;tm;_zifh? tçKay=wd/ vspfvsL@+Iaeawmh.?

'D0d&d,u 0dy\empdwfudk axmufyHhxm;&if/ 'D0dy\empdwf[m atmufrusawmhbl;/ rus&if a,m*DykídKvfu vHkhv rpdkuf&awmhbl;? wjwrZñwWKay=mqdkwJh Oay=m.tpGrf;tm;_zifh vspfvsL@+ yD;aeEdkifw,f? 'DtcgrS bm0em_zpfwm/ 0dy\empdwfudk ajumifhusrpdkufbJ vspfvsL@+ yD;aeEdkifavmufatmif b,foluaxmufyHhr,f? 0d&d,?tJ'D 0d&d,taxmuftyHhcH&wJh a,m*DykídKvfrSm 0dy\empdwf_zpfzdkh&mtxl;ajumifhuspdkufaezdkh rvdkawmhbl;? &xm;armif;wJh &xm;xdef;[majumifhusrpdkufbJ }udK;udkifvdkufoGm;&ovdk¢

0dy\emtvkyfudk tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfu ajumifhuspdkuf^yD; tm;xkwfaep&m rvdkawmhbl;? 'D0dy\empdwfudk 0d&d, axmufyHhxm;onf_zpfaomajumifh 0dy\empdwf[m olhtvdkvdk_zpfoGm;a&mwJh? tJ'DawmhrS orx”0dy\em tpHk_zpfw,f? orxuvnf; y&d,kõme udavomudkcGmr,f/ 0dy\emuvnf; tEko,udavomudk y,fr,f?


58 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

orxeJh y&d,kõme udavomudkcGmEdkifatmif 0dy\emeJh tEko, udavomudky,fEdkifatmif b,folaxmufyHhvdkh_zpfovJqdkawmh0d&d,axmufyHhvdkh_zpfwm? tJ'Dvdk 0dy\empdwfwdkh/ 0dy\emorm"dwdkh/ 0dy\emynmwdkh olhudçol@GufaqmifEdkifatmif b,foluaxmufyHhw,f/ 0d&d,uaxmufyHhw,f? at;¢tJ'D 0d&d,rsKd;usawmh vlurvkyf&awmhbl;/ pdwfudku olh[moltvdkvdk xufoefaew,f? 'gudktmwmy 0d&d,ac:ygw,f?

udk,fu ajumifhuspdkuf&&if um,du0d&d,/ udk,fu ajumifhusrpdkuf&bJeJh tvdkvdkwufjuGae&if apwodu0d&d,? at;¢apwodu0d&d,_zpfatmifvkyf&rSm um,du0d&d,avmufeJhvnf; r_zpfao;bl;/odkhayr,fvdkh um,du0d&d,udk ta_crwnf&ifvnf;bJ apwodu0d&d,udk ra&mufEdkifbl;? udavomudkEdkifavmufatmif tifrwef_yif;xefwJh0d&d,_zpfvm&if 'DykídKvfrSm onf;cHEdkifwJh c÷D _zpfvmw,f?

c÷Duvnf;bJ y&d,m,ftm;_zifh um,duc÷D/ apwoduc÷DvdkhESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f? udk,fu}udwfrSdwf yD;cH&&if um,duc÷D? pdwfudk tvdkvdkonf;cHEdkifvm&if apwoduc÷D? 'Dawmh 0d&d, xufoefoavmufc÷Du tm;wufw,f? owduvnf; xdkenf;wlpGmbJ um,duowd/apwoduowd vdkh olvnf;ESpfrsKd;&oifhwmbJ? rarhravsmhatmifudk,fu ajumifhusAsmyg& xm;ae&wm um,duowd? olhbmomolowdudku tvdkvdk _zpfwdkif;_zpfwdkif;rarhravsmhbJ odaewJhtcgusawmhapwodu owd?

tJ'Dawmh 0d&d,uvnf; um,du0d&d,/ apwodu0d&d,?c÷Duvnf; um,duc÷D/ apwoduc÷D? owduvnf; um,duowd/apwodu owd/ 0d&d,_zpfzdkhvnf; ajumifhusrpdkuf&/ c÷D _zpfzdkhvnf;



ajumifhusrpdkuf&? xdkxdktm@Hkudkodzdkhvnf;ajumifhusrpdkuf&? 0d&d,uvnf; tvdkvdk_zpf/ c÷Duvnf; tvdkvdk_zpf/ owduvnf; tvdkvdk_zpf/tJ'Dvdk 0d&d,wdkh/ c÷Dwdkh/ owdwdkh tvdkvdk_zpfvmvdkh&Sd&if a&Sh orx0dy\em tvG,fuav;bJ? bmrSrcufawmhbl;? ckcufaejuwm 0d&d,&,f/ c÷D&,f/ owd&,f tJ'DrSmcufaejuwm? tJ¢0d&d,uvnf;tm;aumif;vmw,f/ c÷Duvnf; tm;aumif;vmw,f/ owduvnf;tm;aumif;vmw,fqdk&if orx”0dy\em tvkdvdk_zpfvmwmbJ?

'gajumifh um,mEky\em owdyõmeftvkyfudk vkyfwJhykídKvf[m tmwmyDykídKvf_zpf&r,f/ tmwmyDykídKvf_zpfcJhaomf orZmeykídKvfvnf; _zpf&r,f/ orZmeykídKvfqdkwm bmvJ¢

1? owÔuorZOf?2? oyg,orZOf?3? a*gp&orZOf?4? toarRm[orZOf?

tJ'D orZOf 4-yg;xJu wpfyg;yg;_zpfvmvdrfhr,f? vdk&if;uawmh¢toarRm[orZOfomvdk&if;? orZOfav;yg;vHk; r[kwfygbl;/wpfyg;yg;eJh oGm;EdkifwmygbJ? 'Dawmh orZOf 4-yg;rSmvdk&if;u b,fol/toarRm[or`ZOf?

owÔuorZOfqdkwmu bmbJvkyfvkyf tbdèa÷ yùdèa÷orZmeym&D a[mwd/ tbdèa÷/ a&ShodkhoGm;onf&Sdaomf? yùdèa÷/aemufodkhqkwfonf&Sdaomf orZmeum&D/ tusKd;&Sdonfudkodaom owÔuorZOf_zifh _yKvkyfavh&Sdonf? a[mwd/ _zpf.? orZmeum&D/ oifhavsmfonfudkodaom oyg,orZOf_zifh _yKvkyfavh&Sdonf? a[mwd/_zpf.? orZmeum&D urRõmef;tm@Hkudkodaom a*gp&orZOf_zifh _yK


60 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

vkyfavh&Sdonf? a[mwd/ _zpf.? orZmeum&D/ xdkxdktm@HkwdkhY ynwfrygbJ obm0oufoufudkodaom toarRm[orZOf_zifh _yKvkyfavh&Sdonf? a[mwd/ _zpf.?

toarRm[or`ZOfusawmh ynwfrygbJ obm0udkodw,f?ig olwpfyg; a,musfm; rdef;r”rygawmhbl;? obm0wdkh._zpf_cif;oufoufudkodwJh orZOfudk toarRm[orZOf? ykídKvfowW0gtaeeJh odaeao;&if toarRm[orZOf rqdkEdkifao;bl;? oarRm[bJ&Sdaeao;w,f? acgif; udk,f a_c vufpaom ynwfpif yD;awmh obm0oufoufudkodwJht_zpfa&mufrS toarRm[orZOf? 'Dae&mrSm tbdèa÷/yùdèa÷orHZmeym&D a[mwd/ tmavmudaw 0davmudaw orÿZmeum&D a[mwd/ ordOòdaw/ yom&daworÿZmeum&D a[mwdponf_zifh orÿZnyAýrSm 7-csufawmifvmw,f?

odkhayr,fvdkh(7)csufawmif ruygbl;/ tdyfvnf;od/ pm;vnf;od/ a&csKd;vnf;od/ a&aomufvnf;od/ oGm;vnf;od/ usif}uD;usifi,fpGefhvnf;od/ pum;a_ymvnf;od/ tukefvHk;avsSmufod yD;awmhodae&iforÿZmnyAýbJ? 'DorZOfav;yg;rSm toarRm[orZOf omvdk&if;ygbJ?'Dawmh orZOf 4-yg;eJh_ynf–pHkwJha,m*DykídKvfudk orZmeykídKvfac:w,f?tmwmyDykídKvfu ory"mef 4-yg;eJh _ynf–pHkw,f? orZmeykídKvfuorZOf 4-yg;eJh _ynf–pHkw,f?

^yD;awmh owdrm/ owd&SdwJh ykídKvf? um,mEky\em owdyõmef? a0'emEky\em owdyõmef/ pdwWmEky\em owdyõmef/ "rRmEky\em owdyõmefvdkh owdyõmef (4)-yg;eJh_ynf–pHkwJhykídKvfukd owdrmykídKvf? um,mEky\emudkvkyfcJhvdkh&Sd&if tmwmyDykídKvf/ orZmeykídKvf/ owdrmykídKvf? tJ'DoHk;OD;wdkhwGif wpfOD;OD;_zpfr,f?



a_ymvkdhoma_ymae&wm wpfOD;_zpf&if usefESpfOD;uraeygbl;? tmwmyDwdkh/ owdrmwdkh _zpf&wmygbJ? wpfck_zpf&if onf–_yif[mawGyg tvdkvdk_zpfwmygbJ? wpfckcsif;vkyfrae&ygbl;/ 'Davmufrsm;aeawmh wpfckcsif; onf[m_zpfoGm;^yD? [dk[m _zpfatmifvkyf&tHk;r,f/ 'gawGawmh_zpf yD/ [dk[mawmh onf–xufwdk;^yD; a&Shvkyf&tHk;r,fvdkhxifaewwfw,f? trSefu r[kwfygbl;/ w&m;u wpfckvkyfvdkufvdkh_zpfvdkuf&ifonf–_yif[mawGyg tvdkvdk _zpfvdkufvmwmygbJ? 'gajumifh Þ{aum{aum{aum{aum{aum"arRm"arRm"arRm"arRm"arRmßwJh? w&m;qdkwm avsSmuf yD;vdkufvkyfaep&m rvdkbl;? wpfckudkom pGJpGJ rJ rJvkyf? onfwpfck_zpf&if usefwmawG[m Þu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygu|Jul;a&ygßtvkdvdk ygawmhwmygbJ?

'g_zifh um,mEky\emowdyõmefvkyfvdkh tmwmyDykídKvf/ owdrmykídKvf_zpfawmh bmtusKd;a&mufrvJ? 0dae,savmau tbdZñma'gre\H? avmau/ cE<m@kyfemrf avmuY? tbdZñma'gre\H/ ESpfouf_cif; tbdZñm/ pdwfrcsrf;om_cif; a'gre\ a0'emudk? 0dae,s/y,fazsmufEdkif.? a[m¢cE<mudk,f tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh ESpfoufw,f/avmb/ tbdZñm/ cE<mudk,f tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh pdwfrcsrf;ombl;?a'gre\? tJ'D tbdZñm a'gre\awGudk y,fazsmufEdkifvmvdrfhr,f/ESpfouf_cif; tbdZñm? pdwfrcsrf;om_cif; a'gre\udk y,fazsmufEdkifwJhtcgusawmh atmifrav;¢aumif;vdkufwJhw&m;a[h? b,fvdkrsm;aumif;rSef;rodbl;¢[? csrf;omvdkufwm wpfoufeJhwpfudk,f 'Dcsrf;omrsKd; rawGhzl;bl;[¢? atmf¢igvl_zpfusKd;eyf yD/ ig”omoemeJhawGh}uHK&usKd; eyf yD/ tJ'Dvdk 0rf;a_rmuf0rf;om_zpfvdrfhr,f? um,mEky\emowdyõmef tm;xkwfwJhtwGuf tmwmyDykídKvf/ orZmeykídKvf/ owdrm ykídKvf_zpfw,f/ tbdZñm/ a'gre\udk y,fazsmufEdkifw,f? 'DavmufeJhbJ um,mEky\em owdyõmef tm;xkwfcsifwJhpdwf ray:csifavmufbl;vm;? 'Davmufa_ymvdkhrS ray:vdkh tdrf_yefrJhtaumifawGawmh ra_ymawmhygbl;av?


62 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

udkif;¢um,mEky\emowdyõmef od yD? qHyif ar$;!Sif;paomaumõmotaygif;tpk um,? blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyf taygif;tpkum,?'Dawmh qHyif ar$;!Sif;paom aumõmo taygif;tpkvnf;bJ blw@kyf/Oyg'g@kyfxJygw,f? xGufav 0ifavvnf;bJ blw@kyf Oyg'g@kyfxJygw,f? 'Dawmh cE<mudk,fxJpdkufvdkufvdkh rmr+/ aysmhr+/ ylr+/ at;r+tp&Sdaom @kyfobm0udkawGh&if um,mEky\emowdyõmef vdkhtrnfay;vdkuf?

'D ylr+/ at;r+ ponfawGudkvkyfEdkifatmifvdkh tmemygeu ta_ccHvkyfaewm? 'gawGudk tmemygeta_crcHbJeJh vkyfvdkh&yghrvm;?

um,mEky\em^yD;awmh a0'emEky\em owdyõmef? a0'ema0'ema0'ema0'ema0'emEky\em owdyõmefEky\em owdyõmefEky\em owdyõmefEky\em owdyõmefEky\em owdyõmefuvnf;bJ pm&Sdoavmuf pOf;pm;raeeJh? csrf;omw,f/ qif;&Jw,f/ rcsrf;om”rqif;&Jbl;? 'Davmufqdkawmf yD/ csrf;omwm tm@Hk_yKcsif_yK/ qif;&Jwm tm@Hk_yKcsif_yK/ rcsrfom”rqif;&Jwmtm@Hk_yKcsif_yK/ txdkuftavsmufaygh/ wcgwav csrf;omr,f/ wcgwav qif;&Jr,f/ wcgwav rcsrf;om”rqif;&J aer,f? 'Dawmhcsrf;omwmudk tm@Hk_yK/ qif;&Jwmudk tm@Hk_yK/ rcsrf;om”rqif;&J vspfvsL@+ Oay=mudk tm@Hk_yK/ vG,fwmudk tm@Hk_yK? rvG,ffwmavsSmuf^yD; vkyfraeeJh? tJ'D csrf;om”qif;&Jtm@Hk_yKawmhum csrf;om”qif;&Jwmu a0'em? tEku tzefwvJvJ? y\emu @+? csrf;om”qif;&Jpaoma0'emudk tzefwvJvJ@+_cif;onf a0'emEky\emowdyõmef?tJ'D a0'emEky\emowdyõmefudkawmh ygVdu b,fES,fqdkw,f?Þa0'emoka0'emEky\D 0d[&wdß 'gbJr[kwfvm;? at;¢tJ'DygVdua0'emEky\em vkyfxHk;udk_ywJh ygVdwJh?



a0'emEky\emowdyõmef vkyfwJhygVd _yprf;yg? b,fpmrSm&SdovJvdkh ar;cJhonf&Sdaomf ajumuf@$HhraeeJh/ EGm;aoeif; zsufovdkom@Gwf_yvdkuf? a0'emoka0'emEk\D 0d[&wd qdkwm a0'emEky\emowdyõmefa[mwJh ygVdr[kwfbl;vm;?

pdwWmEky\em owdyõmefpdwWmEky\em owdyõmefpdwWmEky\em owdyõmefpdwWmEky\em owdyõmefpdwWmEky\em owdyõmefusawmhaum/ &m*pdwf _zpfw,f/atmf¢igho÷mefrSm &m*pdwf_zpfaeygvm;¢vdkh owdxm;vdkuf? &m*pdwfuif;aew,f/ igho÷mef ,cktcg &m*pdwfr&Sdygvm;¢vdkh owdxm;vdkuf? a'gopdwf_zpfw,f/ tJ'D a'gopdwfudk owdxm;? a'gopdwfuif;aew,f/ a'gopdwfuif;aewmudk owdxm;?

o&m*H0gpdwWH o&m*HpdwW÷d yZmemwd?

0Dw&m*H0gpdwWH 0dw&m*HpdwW÷dyZmemwd ygVdawmfu 'Dvdkqdkw,fr[kwfvm;/ at;¢ygVdawmfu'Dvdkqdk&if &Sif;aewmbJ? &m*_zpfwmudkrodEdkifbl;vm;? &m*uif;wmudkaum rodEdkifbl;vm;? odEdkifygw,f?a'go_zpfwmudkaum a'gouif;wmudkaum odEdkifygw,f?

oarm[H 0g pdwWH oarm[H pdwW÷d yZmemwd?0Dwarm[H 0g pdwWH 0Dwarm[H pdwW÷d yZmemwd? awGa0_cif;

_zpfaewJhtcg[m pdwf arm[/ awGa0_cif;_zpfaewJhtcg atmf¢ ighpdwfrSm awGa0_cif;_zpfaeyguvm;vdkh owdxm;ygwJh? ygVd&SdoavmuftukefvHk; tus,fcsJhraeeJh/ awGhwJh[m tm@Hk_yK? a'gouif;wJhpdwftm@Hk_yK/ awGa0_cif;_zpfwJhpdwf tm@Hk_yK/ awGa0_cif;uif;wJhpdwf tm@Hk_yK/ tJ'Dvdktm@Hk_yKvdkh&dS&if pdwWmEky\emowdyõmef _zpfw,f?


64 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tJ'D pdwWmEky\emowdyõmef ygVdawmfub,fvdk¢

pdawW pdwWm Eky\D 0d[&wd/

pdawW/ pdwfY? pdwWmEky\D/ pdwfudk tzefwvJvJ@+onf_zpfI?0d[&wd/ ae.? tEku tzefwvJvJ/ y\emu @+wm? pdwfukdtzefwvJvJ@+_cif;udkyif pdwWmEky\em? at;¢um,mEky\em/ a0'emEky\em/ pdwWEky\em/ "rRmEky\em?

"arRok "rRmEky\D 0d[&wd/ twWaemobm0H"ma&?

wDwd"arRm/ a,mobma0g/ tjuifoabmw&m;onf? twWaemobm0H/ rdrdoabmudk? "ma&wd/ aqmifwwf.? âwd/ xdkhajumifhaomobma0g/ xdkoabmw&m;onf? "arRm/ "rRrnf.? olhoabmolaqmif olh[mol_zpfaewJhobm0awGudk "rRac:w,f?

tJ'D "rRmEky\emowdyõmefrSmvnf; eD0&%yAý/ cE<yAý/ tm,weyAý/ aAmZñ*FyAý/ oçyAý vdkh ig;csufvmw,f? eD0&%yAýqdkwmumrðENeD0&%tp&Sdaom eD0&% ig;yg;/ cE<yAýqdkwmu @ly=E<mtp&Sdaom cE<mig;yg;? tm,weyAýqdkwm p=K@lyg@Hk tp&Sdaom tm,we(12)yg;? aAmZñ*FyAýqdkwm owdoarýmZñif/ "rR0dp,oarýmZñif/0d&d,oarýmZñif/ yDwdoarýmZñif/ y\'<doarýmZñif/ orm"doarýmZñif/Oay=moarýmZñifqdkwJh aAmZñif (7)yg;?

oçyAýqdkwm 'k=oçm/ ork',oçm/ eda&m"oçm/ ríoçm/oçmav;yg;?



tJ'D eD0&%udk _zpfap/ cE<mudk _zpfap/ tm,weudk _zpfap/aAmZñifudk _zpfap/ oçmudk _zpfap/ wpfckckudk tm@Hk_yKae&if "rRmEk\em owdyõmef? 'Dusawmh csKH;vdkufwmygbJ/ a&S;u a[mcJh^yD;wJhw&m;awGudk aemufued*Hk;tkyfvdkufw,f/ bm_zpfvdkhvJqdkawmh um,mEky\emowdyõmefrSm blw@kyf Oyg'g@kyfqdkwm 'k=oçmxJ yg^yD;om;bJ? 'g_zifh a0'emEky\emowdyõmefrSm csrf;om_cif;/ qif;&J_cif;/ rcsrf;om”rqif;&J_cif;qdkwmawGuaum 'k=oçmbJ? 'gawG[m 'k=opPmawGcsnf;bJ? bm_zpfvdkh 'k=ac:ygvdrfh/ _zpfysuf/ _zpfysuf? _zpfcsD/ ysufcsD? w_zpfxJ_zpf/ wysufxJysuf? r_zpfbJaumaeovm;/ raeygbl;/ _zpfvm&if rysufbJaum aeovm;? raeygbl;? 'gajumifh¢_zpfcsDysufcsD/ _zpfcsDysufcsDaevdkh&Sd&if aumif;ovm;? raumif;bl;vm;?raumif;ygbl;? raumif;vdkh 'k=? 'k-raumif;bl;? c-tcsnf;ESD;wJh/tJ'D _zpfcsDysufcsDaewJh[mawG[m bmtusKd;&SdygrvJ? bmrStusKd;r&Sdaomajumifh c-tcsnf;ESD;? raumif;aomajumifh 'k? ESpfckaygif;vdkufawmhrS 'kc? tJ'D 'kcudk o'Ngenf;tm;_zifh tay:u”u}uD;uav;wif yD; 'k=vdkhac:w,f? yif&if;u 'kc? 'k”u raumif; wm? c”utcsnf;ESD;/ atmf¢wpfudk,fvHk; wpfaumifvHk; w_zpfxJ_zpf wysufxJysufaewm[m wpfckrS,lp&m r&bl;? wpfckrS oHk;p&mr&bl;? 'Dvdkqdkawmh tcsnf;ESD;/ wpfckrS ,lp&moHk;;&m r&wJh[mawGudk aumif;w,fvdkhqdkrvm;/ raumif;bl;vdkhqdkrvm;? raumif;ygbl;? 'gajumifh 'k=onfraumif;/ raumif;vdkh tcsnf;EDS;? 'gajumifh 'k=? tJ'D 'k=awG[m qif;&JtrSefvm;/ qif;&JtrSm;vm;vdkh wcgppfvdkufawmh qif;&JtrSef_zpfaomajumifh oçm? raumif;wmu 'k=? rSefwmu opPm?at;¢tJ'Dawmh 'k=oçmqdkwm w_cm;r[kwfbl;? aemufua[mcJhwJhum,mEky\emu @kyfawG/ a0'emEky\emu a0'emawG/ pdwWmEky\emu pdwfawG/ 'gawGonfyifv#if 'k=oçmxJ yg0ifukefwmbJ?


66 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

odkhaomfvnf;bJ eD0&%yAý/ cE<myAý/ tm,weyAý/ aAmZñifyAý/oçyAý vkdh¢"rRmEky\emu ig;rsKd;cGJxm;awmh }uHK&mudkvkyf/ ig”'grSvkyfr,f/ [kd[m rvkyfbl;vdkh 'DvdkratmifharheJh/ }uHK&m pdwfxJrSmay:vmwmudk vkyf? vdk&if;uawmh tJ'D 'k=oçmudkodzdkhu vdk&if;?'k=oçmudk bmeJhodr,f/ 'k=oçmudk ríoçmeJh odr,f? tJ'Dawmh'k=oçmudk udk,fydkif]m%feJh udk,fwdkifwu,fodcsif&if ríoçmudkavhvmyg?

ríoçmu bmvJ/ oDv/ orm"d/ ynm? pdwft_ypfuif;wmoDv/ pdwf idrfoufwm orm"d/ pdwfutrSefodwm ynm? 'g_zifh ríoçmqdkwm pdwfbJ? t_ypfuif;wJhpdwf[m oDv/ idrfoufwJh pdwf[morm"d/ trSefodwJhpdwf[m ynm/ tJ'gudk&atmifvkyf/ atmf¢ighpdwf[m t_ypfuif;raeao;bl;qdk&if vdkao;w,f? ighpdwf[m rîdrfoufao;bl;qdk&if vdkao;w,f? ighpdwf[m trSefrodao;bl;qdk&if vdkao;w,f? at;¢tJ'gajumifh pdwfudk t_ypfuif;atmifvkyfzdkh[m ta&;}uD;w,f? pdwft_ypfuif;vm&if 'Dpdwf[mîdrfoufzdkh cufao;ovm;? rcufawmhygbl;? idrfoufvm&ifaum trSefodzdkhcufao;ovm;? 'g_zifhbmuta&;}uD;w,f/ pdwft_ypfuif;zdkh ta&;}uD;w,f? ykxkZOf_zpfaeawmh pdwf[mt_ypfuif;zdkh rvG,fbl;?

tJ'gajumifh pdwft_ypfuif;atmif _rwfpGmbk&m;u owdyõmefudk a[mwm? eifwdkhrSmÞowdowdowdowdowdßrSwyg; bmrStm;udk;p&mr&Sdbl;? eifwdkhpdwf[m b,ftcgrS t_ypfuif;w,fvdkhr&Sdbl;? owdrvpfapeJhowdrvpfapeJhowdrvpfapeJhowdrvpfapeJhowdrvpfapeJh? avmbpdwf_zpf&ifvnf; tm@Hk_yKypfvdkuf? atmf¢avmbpdwf _zpfyguvm;/avmbpdwf[m _zpfcgrsSbJ _zpf yD;&ifaysmufoGm;a&m/ b,frSmrSr&Sdbl;?bmrS &Smvdkhr&bl;? a'gopdwf _zpf&ifvnf; tm@Hk_yKvdkuf/ a[m'Da'go[m _zpfcgrsSbJ _zpf yD;awmhbm&Sdao;ovJ/ bmrSr&Sdawmhbl;?



_zpfcgrsS _zpfwmbJ/ bmrS[kwfwm r[kwfbl;/ tdrfruf”rufwJhtcg tdrfrufxJawmh t[kwf}uD;xif&wmudk;/ Edk;vnf;vma&m [if;¢tdrfrufbJ b,frSm[kwfvdkhvJ¢vdkh oabmaygufovdk/ y,fr&avmufatmiftifrwef _yif;_yif;xefxef_zpfaewJh avmb/ y,fr&avmufatmiftifrwef _yif;_yif;xefxef_zpfaewJh a'go/ wEHkHhEHkheJhra_yEdkifbl;? raysmufEdkifbl;/ tJ'D avmbrsKd;”a'gorsKd;om tm@Hk_yK&&if tzdk;wefbJ? 'DavmbrsKd; 'Da'gorsKd;tm@Hk_yK&&if bm_zpfvdkhvJ? rjumcif oabmaygufoGm;r,f? atmf¢_zpf@HkrsSygwum;? bmrSvnf; r[kwfyguvm;? tJ'Dvdk oabmaygufvmvdrfhr,f? 'DvdkoabmaygufvdkufwJha,m*DykídKvf[m avmb”a'go_zpfvdkh avmb”a'goudk odatmiftm@Hk_yKvdkuf&wmu avmb”a'go r_zpfwmxufaumif;w,f? avmba'go_zpf yD; odwJhykídKvfeJh avmb”a'gor_zpfwJhykídKvfeJh b,foluomw,f? _zpfwmudkodwJhykídKvfu omw,f?

'D owdyõmef[m tvGefaus;Zl;rsm;w,f? _rwfpGmbk&m;u 'Dowdyõmefudk vufrv$wfjueJh/ udavom tvGefxla_ymwJh owW0gawG/ ÞowdowdowdowdowdßrSwyg; tm;udk;p&mr&Sdbl;? 'gajumifh owdyõmefudk _rwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrlwm? udkif;¢owdyõmefudk udk,fawmf_rwf a[mawmfrlawmh b,f[mudk ta_cwnf&rvJ? (tmemygeudk ta_cwnf)?

uxóye bd=a0bd=K uma, um,mEky\D0d[&wd? um,Y tzefwvJvJ@+ yD;awmh b,fvdkaervJuG,fwdkh¢wJh? bd=a0/ &[ef;wdkh? uxóye/ tb,fodkhvsSif? uma,/ um,Y? um,mEky\D/um,[k tzefwvJvJ@+onf_zpfI? 0d[&wd/ aernfenf;?


68 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

um,udk tzefwvJvJ@+ yD;awmh b,fvdkaewmudk um,mEky\D ac:rvJ? â" bd=a0 bd=K uma, um,mEky\D 0d[&wd/â" qdkwmu TomoemrSmom um,mEky\em&Sdw,f? TomoemrSwyg; wdwÔdwdkh.omoemrSm um,mEky\em r&Sdbl;wJh? 'gajumifhâ"eJh wyg;aom omoemudky,fvdkufw,f? â"/ Tig”bk&m; omoemawmfY? bd=K/ &[ef;onf? uma,/ blw@kyf Oyg'g@kyf taygif;Y?um,mEky\D/ blw@kyf Oyg'g@kyftaygif;udk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ @+onf_zpfI? 0d[&wd/ ae&rnf?

'g_zifh b,frSmaervJ? t&n*awm0g @k=rlv*awm0g/oknm*g&*awm0g wdkhu oifhavsSmfavsmufywfwJh ae&mudk_yw,f?awmrSm/ opfyif&if;rSm/ qdyf idrfwJhae&mrSm/ tJ'Dvdkae&mrsKd;[m tmemygevkyfvdkh oifhavsSmfw,fwJh? onf–_yifae&m rvkyf&bl;vdkh wm;_rpfcsufr&Sdbl;? txl;oifhavsSmfwJhae&mudk ukd,fawmf_rwfu_ywm? 'Dvdkae&mrsKd;r[kwfvdkh onf–_yifae&mrsKd;rSmaum rvkyf&bl;vm;vdkhqdkawmh[m¢ESmacgif;u b,fae&moGm;oGm; &SdaewmbJ? ESmacgif;yg&if vkyf?ESmacgif;ryg&ifom? ESmacgif;yg&ifawmh b,fae&mbJ_zpf_zpf vkyfvdkh&ygw,f? awmrSm opfyif&if;rSm qdyf idrf&mt&yfqdkwmu txl;oifhavsSmfwJhae&mudk _ywm?

'g_zifh oifhavsSmfwJhae&musawmh xdkifyHkaeyHkudk _y_yefw,f/awmrSm opfyif&if;rSm qdyf idrf&mrSm tdyfvkyfwmxuf xdkif”tm;xkwfwmuaumif;w,f? 'gajumifh b,fvdkxdkif&rvJ/xdkifyHk_yawmh yvÛuÙtmbkZdwGm OZHk um,H y%d"m,? yvÛuF H/ xuf0,f wifyvifudk?tmbkZdwGm/ acGI? um,H/ txufydkif;udk,fudk? y%d"m,/ a_zmifha_zmifhxm;I wifyvifacG yD;awmh udk,fudka_zmifha_zmifhrwfrwfxm;vdkuf?y&drkcH/ tmemygeurRõmef;udk a&S;@+? owþ/ owdudk? OyõaywGm/ _zpfapI? edoD'wd/ xdkifae&.?



awmxJrSm opfyif&if;rSm qdwf idrfwJht&yfrSm ukd,fudk a_zmifha_zmifh rwfrwfxm;^yD;xdkif? tmemyge xGufav 0ifavudk tm@Hk_yK/b,fvdk _yK&rvJ? oawm0t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd? xGufwdkif;”xGufwdkif; owdxm;/ 0ifwdkif;”0ifwdkif; owdxm;? yD;awmh xGufwdkif;”0ifwdkif;owdxm;vdkh xGufwdkif;”0ifwdkif; owdrarhawmhbl;qdk&if'DC”&\ twdkt&Snfod? twdkt&Snfodvdkh tifrwef owd&ifhusufvm&if tp tv,f tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;odatmif avhusifh? 'Dusawmholhtvdkvdkodw,fvdkh rqdkbl;? od=wd/ avhusifh&r,f? tp tv,ftqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;odatmif avhusifh&r,f? tp tv,f tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;od yD;wJhaemuf y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wd?ajumifhusAsmyg&pdkuf yD;awmh @+&wmu owdtm;ao;”ao;vdkh? owdtxra_rmufao;vdkh ajumifhusAsmyg&pdkufyD;awmh@+&wm/ xGufvnf;od/0ifvnf;od/ owdtm;aumif;vm^yD/ t&Snfvnf;od/ twdkvnf;od/owdaumif;vm^yD/ tp tv,f tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udkvnf; avhusifhvdkh odae^yD? b,fae&mrS arhavsmh_cif; r&Sdawmhbl;qdkawmh owdtm;aumif;raumif; pHkprf;awmh owdoabmonf ao;i,faomtm@Hkudkxifxif&Sm;&Sm;odwJh oabm&Sdw,fwJh? owdu b,foabm&Sdw,f?odrfarGhaom oabm&dSw,f? tm@Hkudk xifxif&Sm;&Sm; odEdkifwJhoabm&Sdw,f? owdtm;raumif;ao;vdkh tm@Hkudk xif&Sm;atmifvkyfay;&wm? xGufav”0ifav _yif;_yif;@SLw,f @d+ufw,fqdkwm owdtm;aysmhao;vdkh vkyfay;&wm? owdtm;aysmhao;awmh xif&Sm;wJhtm@Hkudkom owd&r,fr[kwfvm;/ owdtm;aumif;vmawmh odrfarGhwJhtm@HkudkbJ xifxif&Sm;&Sm;awGhEdkifw,f?

'gajumifh txl;tm;rxkwfeJhawmha[h¢? @SLaeus xGGufav0ifavuav;udk owdwm;^yD;awmh rod”odatmifavhusifhprf;ygwJh?tmemyge vrf;qHk;a&mufwJhtcga_ymwm? tmemyge vrf;qHk;a&mufwJhtcgusawmh odrfarGhvmw,f? odrfarGhwJh xGufav 0ifavuav;


70 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

udkbJ owdxm;aeayawmh? ,ckowdtm; raumif;ao;vdkh _yif;_yif;xefxef@SL&wJhtodxufydk yD; [dkuxif&Sm;w,f? owdtm;aumif;vmawmh w&m;qdkwm yuwdpdwfeJhxdkxdktm@HkawGudk odwmxuf w&m;pdwfeJh w&m;obm0udkodwmu ydk yD;xif&Sm;&w,f? yuwdpdwfeJhodwJhtod[m bmrSrxif&Sm;bl;? tvum;bJ? cdkifvnf;rcdkif rJbl;? od&mrSmvnf; rxif&Sm;bl;? w&m;eJhw&m;tm@Hkudk odwmu cdkifvnf;cdkif^rJw,f? xifvnf;xif&Sm;w,f? azsmufvdkhawmifr&atmif odw,f?'gajumifh yxruyxruyxruyxruyxru 0ifod xGufod owd^rJzdkh0ifod xGufod owd^rJzdkh0ifod xGufod owd^rJzdkh0ifod xGufod owd^rJzdkh0ifod xGufod owd^rJzdkh? owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'kowd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'kowd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'kowd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'kowd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod¢rSm wdk&Snfod¢rSm wdk&Snfod¢rSm wdk&Snfod¢rSm wdk&Snfod¢wJh/ 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m/ &\H 0g t\oa÷m?

'k”usawmh twkdt&Snfod&r,f? vHk;pHkvif;&m w”Yom vHk;pHkvif;&m w”Yom vHk;pHkvif;&m w”Yom vHk;pHkvif;&m w”Yom vHk;pHkvif;&m w”Yom qdkwmu oAýum,HyùdoHa0'D t\od\m rDwdo=wd? xGufav tp/tv,f/ tqHk; tvHk;pHk? 0ifav tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; tvHk;pHk? tukefodatmif avhusifhygwJh? owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod? vHk;owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod? vHk;owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod? vHk;owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod? vHk;owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod? vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdpHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdpHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdpHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdpHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbd? pwkwÔusawmh xGufav0ifavîdrf idrfuav;udk xifxif&Sm;&Sm;}uD; odvmygvdrfhr,fwJh? [dkusawmhxl;^yD;ajumifhusAsmyg&pdkuf&w,f r[kwfygbl;? owd tm;aumif;vmayghudk? 'Dawmh tmemygerSmav;pwkè&Sdw,f? yxr pwkèu oawmum&D pwkèwJh? yxr pwkèu bm? oawmum&Dpwkè?

'kwd,pwkèu orm"dpwkè/ 'Doawmum&D pwkè yD;awmhaemufpwkèwufvdkuf&if orm"d&w,f? tJ'Dusawmh psmef&w,f?

wwd,pwkè usawmh ormywWdpwkè/ 'kwd,pwkèudk tm;xkwfvdkh psmef&wJhykídKvf[m wwd,pwkèeJh ormywf0ifpm;w,f? 'Dawmh wwd,pwkè”u ormywWdpwkè?



yxrpwkè u owd^rJatmifowd^rJatmifowd^rJatmifowd^rJatmifowd rJatmif tm;xkwfwJhpwkè?

'kwd,pwkè u orm"d&atmiform"d&atmiform"d&atmiform"d&atmiform"d&atmif tm;xkwfwJhpwkè?

wwd,pwkè u ormywf 0ifpm;wJhormywf 0ifpm;wJhormywf 0ifpm;wJhormywf 0ifpm;wJhormywf 0ifpm;wJh psmef0ifpm;wpsmef0ifpm;wpsmef0ifpm;wpsmef0ifpm;wpsmef0ifpm;wJhpwkè?

pwkwÔpwkè u 0dy\em0dy\em0dy\em0dy\em0dy\em 0ifpm;wJhpwkè?

'Dawmh pwkè av;rsKd;&Sdw,f/ pwkè av;rsKd;qdk&if 4š4vDœ16? at;¢tmemyge tm;xkwfenf; 16 enf;&Sdw,f? tJ'gawG tukefvHk;rppfawmh tmemyge[m orx”yguGmeJh _zpfaejuw,f? tmemyge[m orxcsnf;r[kwfbl;? tmemyge[m¢

yxr bm/ owd?owd?owd?owd?owd?'kwd, orm"d?orm"d?orm"d?orm"d?orm"d?wwd, psmef0ifpm;?psmef0ifpm;?psmef0ifpm;?psmef0ifpm;?psmef0ifpm;?pwkwÔ 0dy\em?0dy\em?0dy\em?0dy\em?0dy\em?

pwkèqdkwmeJh pwkwÔqdkwm w_cm;pDaemf?

pwkaq[dxõm¢vdkh qdkwJhtwdkif; pwkocFsmo'Ng/ aemif/x-yçnf;ouf/ pwkwÔwJh? olu av;}udrfa_rmuf/ av;}udrfa_rmufudk ac:w,f?

pwkwÔ qdkwmu pwkEMHyl&a%m/ pwkawÔm pwkEMH av;ckwdkh. yl&a%m/ _ynf–ajumif;wnf;? pwkawÔm av;ckwdkh. _ynf–ajumif;?pwkè qdkwmu pwkEMHorla[m/ pwkaèmpwkEMH 4 ckwdkh.? orla[m/


72 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

taygif;wnf;? pwkaèm 4 ckwdkh.taygif;? 1/ 2/ 3/ 4? 'D 4 ckudkaygif;xm;wm? pwkwÔu 4 }udrfa_rmuf? olha&Shu 1/ 2/ 3?

tJ'D oHk;xJrSm aemufwpfck xnf–vdkufawmh 4 }udrfa_rmuf?tJ'g pwkwÔ? 4 ckwdkh. _ynf–ajumif;qdkawmh 1/ 2/ 3/ ^yD;awmhaemufwpfck[m pwkwÔaygh? 'Dawmh yxr/ 'kwd,/ wwd,/ pwkwÔ_zpfa&m?

ck[mu pwkè 4 cktaygif;? pwkEMHorla[mpwkaèm/ pwkEMH 4 ckwdkh.? orla[m/ taygif;wnf;? pwkaèm 4 ckwdkh. taygif;?

a[m'D yxrpwkèrSm owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/owd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdvHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdvHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdvHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbdvHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbd? tJ'g yxrqHk; oawmum&Dpwkè ac:w,f? oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd/ owd^rJzdkh vkyfwmwJh? yxr-'ku?

'DCH0g t\oa÷m/ &\ 0g t\oa÷m/ t&Snftwdk odbdkhu 'kwd, 'ku?

oAýum, yùdoHa0'D t\od\mrDwd od=wd/ olu xGufav 0ifav tp tv,f tqHk;odzdkh wwd, 'ku?

y\Ý,Hum, ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wd/ olu xGufav 0ifav odrfodrfarGharGh @+aewmudkbJ xifxif&Sm;&Sm; oddatmifavhusifhbdkh pwkwÔ- 'ku? xGufav 0ifav odrfodrfarGharGh _zpfaewmudkbJ xifxif&Sm;&Sm; _zpfatmif tm;xkwfyg?



'Dawmh yxra&m/ 'kwd,a&m/ wwd,a&m/ pwkwÔa&m/ bmudkcsnf; vkyfwmvJqdk&if/Þowdowdowdowdowdßudkcsnf;bJ vkyfwm? 'ghajumifh yxrpwkèudk oawmum&Dpwkè ac:w,f? at;¢¢owdyõmefrSm tmemyge 4-pwkè &Sdaomfvnf;bJ yxr oawmum&Dpwkè wpfckudkom_rwfpGmbk&m;a[mw,f? 'kwd, orm"dpwkè ra[mbl;? wwd, ormywWdpwkèudkvnf; ra[mbl;/ pwkwÔ 0dy\empwkèudkvnf; ra[mbl;?

'Dawmh tmemyge vkyfw,fqdkwm owdyõmeftmemyge vkyfwm_zpf_cif;ajumifh orxvnf;r[kwfao;bl;/ 0dy\emvnf;r[kwfao;bl;? pifppf owdowdowdowdowd xlaxmifaewm/ owdowdowdowdowd xlaxmifaevdkh owd^rJvmwJhtcg odrfarGhwJhtm@Hkuav;_zpfayrJh xifxif&Sm;&Sm; odEdkifwJhtcg 'DykídKvf owdowdowdowdowd txra_rmufbl;vm;? owdowdowdowdowd txa_rmufawmhrdrdo÷mefrSm_zpfvmwJh avmb tp&Sdaom udavomawG tifrweftm;aumif;wJhowdeJh @SLvdkuf&awmh/ 'DykídKvfpdwfrSm t_ypfuyfEdkifygtHk;rvm;? t_ypf_zpfw,fqdkwm owdvpfvdkh _zpfjuwm? owdrvpf&ifr_zpfbl;?

at;¢um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ raemuH_ypf _zpfjuw,fqdkwmowdvpfvdkh _zpfwmaemf? ykídKvfwpfyg;. tajumif;udk tm@Hk_yKvdkuf/atmf¢olvnf;olodovdk olv+yf&Sm;wmudk;/ olodovdk ola_ym&Smwmudk;/'Davmufodvdkh 'DvdkvkyfwmbJ/ 'Davmufodvdkh 'Dvdka_ymwmbJ/ 'g_zifh'DpdwfrsKd;_zpf yD;awmh 'Dtr+rsKd;_yKw,f/ 'DpdwfrsKd;_zpf yD;awmh 'Dta_ymrsKd; a_ymw,f/ bm_zpfao;vJ a_ym^yD;aysmufwmbJ/ ighrSmvnf; a_ym^yD; aysmufwmbJ/ olrsm;rSmvnf; a_ym^yD;aysmufwmbJ/ trSefu owdr&Sdjuvdkh um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ raemuH_ypfawG _zpfjuw,f? owd&SdcJhaomf oDvpifju,f yD/ oDveJh_ynf–pHk yD?


74 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ raemuH_ypfuif;wJh oDveJh_ynf–pHkwJhtcg oDvHt0dy`ùdom&wÔ,/ t0dy`ùdoma&mygarmZñwÔm,/ ygarmìHoDvHt0dy`ùdom&wÔ,/ t0dy`ùdoma&mygarmZñwÔm,/ ygarmìHoDvHt0dy`ùdom&wÔ,/ t0dy`ùdoma&mygarmZñwÔm,/ ygarmìHoDvHt0dy`ùdom&wÔ,/ t0dy`ùdoma&mygarmZñwÔm,/ ygarmìHoDvHt0dy`ùdom&wÔ,/ t0dy`ùdoma&mygarmZñwÔm,/ ygarmìHyDwwÔm,/ yDwdy\'<wÔm,/ y\'<d okcwÔm,/ okcH orm"wÔm,/yDwwÔm,/ yDwdy\'<wÔm,/ y\'<d okcwÔm,/ okcH orm"wÔm,/yDwwÔm,/ yDwdy\'<wÔm,/ y\'<d okcwÔm,/ okcH orm"wÔm,/yDwwÔm,/ yDwdy\'<wÔm,/ y\'<d okcwÔm,/ okcH orm"wÔm,/yDwwÔm,/ yDwdy\'<wÔm,/ y\'<d okcwÔm,/ okcH orm"wÔm,/oDv.tusKd;pOftwdkif; _yw,f? um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ raemuH_ypfuif;vdkh oDvoDvoDvoDvoDveJh_ynf–pHkwJha,m*DykídKvfrSm t0dyùdom&/ pdwfESvHk;junfom@$ifvef;wJhtusKd; ay:vmayvdrfhr,f? pdwfESvHk; junfom@$ifvef;wJh t0dyùdom&tusKd; ay:vmonfESifhw^ydKifeuf ygarmìygarmìygarmìygarmìygarmì/ 0rf;a_rmufvdrfhr,f? 0rf;a_rmufonfESifhw^ydKifeufxJ yDwdyDwdyDwdyDwdyDwd/ ESpfoufvdrfhr,f?ESpfoufonfESifhw^ydKifeufxJ y\'<dy\'<dy\'<dy\'<dy\'<d/ îdrf;at;vdrfhr,f? îdrf;at;onfESifhw^ydKifeufxJ okcokcokcokcokc? udk,fa&mpdwfa&mcsrf;omvdrfhr,f? 'gajumifhoDvawm okcdwm/ oDv&SdwJhykídKvf[m udk,fpdwfESpf_zm csrf;omw,fvdkh qdkwm?

ÞoDvoDvoDvoDvoDvß pifju,fr+ajumifhcsrf;omwJh tcsrf;om[m avmurSmb,fcsrf;omrsKd;eJhrSwlwm r&Sdbl;? oDvpifju,fr+ajumifh csrf;omwJhtcsrf;om[m tifrwefaumif;wJhcsrf;om? owW0gawG tyg,fusw,fqdkwm bm_zpfvdkh/ oDvrpifju,fvdkh? oDvoDvoDvoDvoDv pifju,fwJhykídKvf b,fenf;eJhrStyg,frusbl;? tyg,fus&if ÞoDvoDvoDvoDvoDvß rpifju,fvdkh?

"rRmed,rtm;_zifh a_rmufu|ef;ol”a_rmufu|ef;om;awG[m ig;yg;oDv b,ftcgrS rusKd;raygufpaumif;bl;? a_rmufu|ef;ol”a_rmufa_rmufu|ef;om;awG[m "rRwmtm;_zifh ig;yg;oDv usKd;aygufw,fvdkhr&Sdbl;? 'Dawmh a_rmufu|ef;ol”a_rmufu|ef;om;ao&if ewf_ynfa&muf/ewf_ynfra&muf&if a_rmufu|ef;_yef_zpf/ 'gbJ&Sdw,f? olwdkhrSm tyg,foGm;w,fvdkh r&Sdbl;? 'D"rRwm[m bm_zpfvdkh/ oDvpifju,fvdkh r[kwfvm;? 'dkhawmifu|ef;uvlawGvdk rnpfywfbl;? oDvpifju,fw,f?



'Dawmh awmifu|ef;uvlawGvnf;bJ oDvpifju,f&if tyg,fustHk;rvm;? rusygbl;? at;¢oDvpifju,f&if udk,fa&mpdwfa&m csrf;omw,f? tyg,frusbl;?

'Dawmh 'Dorm"d/ 'Dynmudk ykídKvfuvkyfzdkhrvkdbl;? oDvpifoDvpifoDvpifoDvpifoDvpifpifju,f&if orm"dpifju,f&if orm"dpifju,f&if orm"dpifju,f&if orm"dpifju,f&if orm"d/ pdwfîdrfoufr+_zpfr,f pdwfîdrfoufr+_zpfr,f pdwfîdrfoufr+_zpfr,f pdwfîdrfoufr+_zpfr,f pdwfîdrfoufr+_zpfr,f? pdwfîdrfoufwJh orm"d pdwfîdrfoufwJh orm"d pdwfîdrfoufwJh orm"d pdwfîdrfoufwJh orm"d pdwfîdrfoufwJh orm"da&muf&if trSefodwJh today:vmr,fa&muf&if trSefodwJh today:vmr,fa&muf&if trSefodwJh today:vmr,fa&muf&if trSefodwJh today:vmr,fa&muf&if trSefodwJh today:vmr,f? ykídKvfuvkyfzdkh vdkao;ovm;? rvdkbl;? 'g_zifh oDvoDvoDvoDvoDv pifju,fr+udkaum ykídKvfuvkyfzdkhvdkao;ovm;? oDvoDvoDvoDvoDv pifju,fr+udkrvkyfeJhtHk;/ Þowdowdowdowdowdß udkt&ifvkyf? owdowdowdowdowdudkt&ifvkyfvdkh owd txa_rmuf&if/ oDvpifju,fr+owd txa_rmuf&if/ oDvpifju,fr+owd txa_rmuf&if/ oDvpifju,fr+owd txa_rmuf&if/ oDvpifju,fr+owd txa_rmuf&if/ oDvpifju,fr+tvdkvkdr^yD;bl;vm;? ,ck owW0gawGrSmÞowdowdowdowdowdß rSwpfyg; tm;udk;p&mr&Sdbl;/ olrsm;EdkifiHvdkvnf; vuÝmoGm;Edkifwmr[kwf? 'Dawmh 'dkhvlpkrSmÞowdßbJtm;udk;&r,f? 'gajumifh Þowdowdowdowdowdß udkom}udK;pm;I tm;xkwfEdkifjuygapukefownf;?

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us,fxufus,fonf @G,fwdkif;ra_rmufygwum;?



76 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

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rmao rmaoukoaíe/ Amavm bkaó,s abmZeH?e aomocFw"rRmeH/ uvH t*ïwd aomVoþ?

Amavm/ owdyõmefw&m;awmfudk *@krxm;aom a,musfm;rdkufonf? rmao rmao/ vwdkif;vwdkif;Y? abmZeH/ tpmt[m&udk?ukoaíe/ oref;_rufzsm;_zifh? bkaó,s/ csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhaomtm;_zifhpm;aomuf&m.? a,mAmavm/ w&m;rvdkufpm; xdkrdkufaoma,mufsm;onf? ocFw"rRmeH/ ocFwac:wJh r*fzdkvfw&m;&Sdjuukefaom t&d,mykídKvfwdkh.? apweH/ roifh”rawmf”ravsmfonfudk a&Smif&Sm;aom apwemudk? aomVoþuvH/ ESpf&mhig;q,fa_cmufpdwf”pdwfI wpfpdwfaomtzdkhudkrsS? et*ïwd/ wlwefvdrfhEdk; csdefpHyifxdk;aomfvnf; tzdk;E+ef;^ydKifb,fenf;ESifhrsS rwlEdkifownf;?

qdkvdk&if;uawmh csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhtusifheJh roifh”rawmf”ravsmfwmudk a&SmifwJhtusifh/ 'DtusifhESpfckudk Ed+if;pm^yD;_yw,f? csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhtusifhu wpfrsKd;? roifh”rawmf”ravsmfonfudk a&SmifjuOfwJhtusifhu wpfrsKd;? Öif;tusifhESpfrsKd;wdkhwGif roifh”rawmf”ravsmf


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aom um,uHr+/ 0pDuHr+wdkhudk a&SmifjuOfwJhtusifhu csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhtusifhxuf rrSDEdkifatmifomw,fwJh? tpdwfaygif; 256-pdwf”pdwf_im;aomfvnf; wpfpdwfurS csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhtusifhu rrSDbl;wJh?a&SmifjuOfwJhtusifhu omw,fwJh?

'Dawmh ykxkZOft_zpfrSm csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhr+&,f/ vSL'gef;r+&,fponf_zifh xdkxdkukokdvfawG trsm;}uD;&Sdoayghav? t&d,mykídKvfawGuawmh rawmfwJhtr+ r_yKbl;/ rawmfwJh pum;ra_ymbl;? a&SmifjuOfjuwmaygh? olwdkhuawmh orkað'0d&wD udk;/ (orm'ge0d&wD/ orwW0d&wD/ orkað'0d&wD)vdkh 0d&wDoHk;rsKd;&SdwJhteufu t&d,mykídKvfrsm;rSm orkað'0d&wD¢wJh? t&d,mykídKvfrsm;u um,uHusL;vGefr+udk_zwf yD;om;? 0pDuHusL;vGefr+udk _zwf yD;om;? toufarG;r+ pifju,fr+udk _zwf yD;om;? tJ'Dr*fukokdvfeJh_zwf yD;om; _zpfaomajumifh t&d,mykídKvfrsm;[m rawmfwJhtvkyfudk r_yKbl;? rawmfwJhpum;udk ra_ymbl;/ rawmfwJh tpmt[m&udk roHk;aqmifbl;? a&SmifjuOfjuw,fwJh?tJ'Da&SmifjuOfwJhapwemu csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhapwemxuf trsm;}uD;}uD;omw,f? tJ'g owdowdowdowdowd &Sdjuzdkhaygh? b,favmufusifhusifh b,favmuftm;xkwfxkwf a&SmifjuOfr+r&Sd&ifawmh tusKd;rsm;jubl;aygh?

csKd;^cHwJhtusifhxuf a&SmifjuOfwJhtusifhu tusKd;rsm;w,f?at;¢csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhawmhvnf; usifhjuygw,f? odkayr,fvdkh ra&SmifjuOfEdkif&ifawmh tusKd;rrsm;bl;? a&SmifjuOfr+uvnf;bJ odyf yD;cJ,Of;wJhudç r[kwfygbl;? tm&wD/ 0d&wDygyg/ rìygemp oH,arm? r*FvokwfrSmav/ ygyg/ urRudavo ac:wJh raumif;r+tukodkvfrS? tm&wD/ a0;pGma&SmifjuOf_cif;? 0d&wD/ txl;o_zifh a&SmifjuOf_cif;¢wJh?urRu/ uH? udavou npfEGrf;w,f? npfEGrf;aomtr+ av;yg;? tJ'D urRudavo w&m;av;yg;rS tm&wD/ a0;pGma&Smifw,f? 0d&wD/


78 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

txl;o_zifha&Smifw,f? a0;pGma&Smifw,fqdkawmh(orm'ge 0d&wD)aygh?apmapm}uD;uwJuaqmufwnfxm;wJh yg%mwdygwma0&r%d/ t'dEMm'gema0&r%d/ umarokrdðmpm&a0&r%d/ rkom0g'ga0&r%d qdkwJhum,uHoHk;yg;ESifh 0pDuH rkom0g'gwpfyg;udk urRudavow&m;av;yg;ac:w,f? tJ'D npfEGrf;aom uHav;yg;udk aqmufwnf yD;awmhtm&wD/ a0;pGma&Smifw,f? od=myk'faqmufwnfxm;vdkufwJhtwGufaemif usL;vGefp&m0wÔKeJhawGhvdkh a&Smifwmvnf;bJ/ orm'ge 0d&wDbJ? aqmufwnfwJhaehup^yD; od=myk'fudk tm@Hk_yKI a&SmifjuOfaewmvnf; orm'ge 0d&wDbJ?

0d&wD/ txl;o_zifh a&SmifjuOfw,fqkdwmu orwÔ0d&wD taeeJh e*dkwkef;uawmh aqmufwnfrxm;bl;? vGefusL;p&mudpPeJhawGhawmhrS atmf¢iguJhodkhaom t@G,f0k'<D}uD;eJh/ iguJhodkhaom *k%foa&eJh/ iguJhodkhaom trsKd;ZmwdeJh 'Dvdktr+rsKd;_yKvdkhrawmfawmhbl;/ a&SmifrSbJvdkhqdk yD;awmh awGhrSa&Smifwmudk (orwÔ0d&wD) ac:w,f? e*dkapmapmu aqmufwnfxm;vdkha&Smifwmudk(orm'ge 0d&wD)ac:w,f?orm'ge/ orwÔ ESpfrsKd;wdkhwGif wpfrsKd;rsKd;eJha&SmifjuOfju&rSmaygh? bmudk a&SmifjuOf&r,f? um,uH oHk;yg;/ 0pDuH rkom0g'wpfyg;? at;¢tJ'g tifrwefbJ vdk&if;uswJht_ypf_zpf_cif;ajumifh 'Dw&m;av;yg;udk urRudavo w&m;av;yg;&,fvdkh tõuxmq&mu xkwfaz:zGifhwm?

'Dawmh vdk&if;u orkað' 0d&wD ra&mufao;vdkh t&d,mr_zpf_im;aomfvnf; ykxkZOft_zpfeJh bm”_zpf&r,f? orm'ge 0d&wD/orRwW0d&wD _zpfatmif a&SmifjuOf&r,f? tJ'D rawmfwJh um,uHr+/rawmfwJh0pDuHr+udk a&SmifjuOfEdkif_cif;onf csKd;csKd;^cH cHusifhwJhtusifhxuftqaygif;rsm;pGmomw,fvdkh¢tJ'D0wÔKrSm _rwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrlw,f?



Amavm/ vlrdkufonf? rmao rmao/ vwdkif;vwdkif;? ukoaíe/oref;_rufzsm;_zifh? abmZeH/ tpmt[m&udk? bkaó,s/ pm;Iae_im;tHh? aomAmavm/ xdkvlrdkufonf? ocFw"rRmeH/ ocFww&m; &SdukefaomykídKvfwdkh.? apweH/ rtyf”r&mudk a&SmifjuOfwJhapwemudk? aomVoþuvH/ 256 pdwf”pdwfI wpfpdwfudkrSs? et*ï/ b,fenf;eJhrS rrSDEdkif?

qdkvdk&if;u csKd;^cHaomtusifheJha&SmifjuOfwJhtusifh ESpfrsKd;wdkhwGif a&SmifjuOfwJhtusifhu omonf_zpfavaomajumifh a&SmifjuOfzdkhudkjuyfjuyf*@kpdkufju&r,f? ckacwf _zpfaejuwmu csKd;csKd;^cH cHawmhusifhjuyg&Jh/ w&m;vnf;tm;xkwfjuyg&Jh/ a&SmifjuOfr+juawmh trSwfwrJhbJ? txl;a&SmifjuOfjuw,fvdkh r[kwfawmhbl;? 'Dawmh a&SmifjuOfr+udk_yKEdkifzdkh&m owdyõmefudkrvkyfbJeJh _yKEdkifjuyghrvm;?

owdarhavsmh&if b,fenf;eJhrS ra&SmifjuOfEdkifbl;? owdyõmeftvkyf vkyfvdkh owdeJh_ynf–pHkwJhykídKvfrSomv#if a&SmifjuOfr+udk _yKvkyfEdkifrSm? t_ypfa&muforsS bm_zpfvdkh owdvpfvdkh? owdyõmef yGm;rsm;xm;vdkh owdrvpfvdkh &Sd&if 'Da&SmifjuOfr+[m rcJ,Of;ygbl;? owdyõmeftvkyfudk vkyfzdkhta&;}uD;wm¢wJh? owdyõmeftvkyfudk rvkyfcJhaomfvludkrqdkxm;eJh &[ef;awmf_rwfrsm;rSmawmif rawmfwmudkra&SmifjuOfEdkifbl;wJh? 'D0wÔK qdkvdk&if;u¢

u\y _rwfpGmbk&m;[m tESpfESpfaomif;wef;rSm yGifhawmfrlw,f? tESpf ESpfaomif;wef;u u\y _rwfpGmbk&m;yGifh^yD; y&dedAýmefpHvGefawmfrlonf–aemuf wa_z;a_z; owW0gawG toufwef; qkwfqkwfvmvdkufwm 10 ESpfwef;xdatmif qkwfw,f? bm_zpfvdkh qkwfygvdrfh? arwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=marwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=marwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=marwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=marwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=m qdkwJh _A[Rm0d[m& w&m;


80 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

4 yg;uif;vdkh? 0d[m&/ ae_cif;? ( _A[Rm0d[m& ) _rwfaomae_cif;?tJ'D _rwfaomae_cif;_zifhraejuvdkh owW0gawG touf 10 ESpfwef;a&mufatmif qkwf,kwfvmjuwm? tJ'D_A[Rm0d[m& w&m; 4 yg;xJu arwWmarwWmarwWmarwWmarwWmqdkwm bmvJ? wpfOD;&JhtusKd;udk wpfOD;vdkvm;wmudk ac:w,f? ckawmh 'Dvdk r[kwfjubl;? 'if;¢_ref_refaoygap¢[Jh/ 'if;¢_ref_refrGJygap¢[Jh? 'if;_ref_ref ysufpD;ygap¢[JheJh t_ypfudkom _zpfapvdkw,f? tusKd;udk rvdkvm;bl;? tJ'D t_ypfudkom _zpfapvdkwm bmvJ a'go? tJ'D a'go_zifh rkef;xm;vdkh tusKd;udk rvdkvm;awmh ysufpD;apcsifwmaygh? ysufpD;apcsifawmh a'goawG _zpfukefa&m? 'Dvdk_zpfwm[m arwWm qdkwJh _A[Rm0d[m& r&Sdvdkh _zpfwmvdkh rSwfyg?*@k%m*@k%m*@k%m*@k%m*@k%m qdkwmu qif;&JwJhowW0gudk oem;&r,f? ck_zpfaejuwmuwpfa,mufqif;&Jwmudk wpfa,mufu roem;bl;? arwWmrS r&SdbJ/b,foem;rvJ? qif;&JwmbJaumif;w,f atmufarhrSmaygh?

rk'dwm rk'dwm rk'dwm rk'dwm rk'dwm qdkwmu wpfa,mufcsrf;omwmudk wpfa,mufu0rf;a_rmuf0rf;om_zpfrS rk'dwm _zpfr,f? wpfa,mufqif;&Jwmudk wpfa,mufu oem;rS u@k%m_zpfr,f? tJ'D u@k%meJhrk'dwm[m b,ftay:rSm rlwnfovJ? arwWmay:rSm wnfw,f? tusKd;pD;yGm; vdkvm;vdkh udk,fcspfcifaewJhykídKvf qif;&J&if oem;w,f? udk,fcspfcifaewJhykídKvfcsrf;om&if 0rf;a_rmufw,f? tJ'g arwWmt&if;cH&Sdvdkh _zpfwm?

'g_zifh Oay=m Oay=m Oay=m Oay=m Oay=musawmhaum udk,fcspfcifESpfoufaewJh aqGxJ rsKd;xJu uHraumif;tajumif;roifhvdkh olhuHeJhol aocsdefrwefbJeJh aooGm;^yDqdkygawmh? tJ'Dawmh b,fvdkatmufarh&r,f? atmfowW0gawG[m olhuHeJhol vmjuwmbJ? udk,fhaqG udk,fhrsKd; b,faoapcsifrSmvJ/ odkhayrJh olhuHeJholvmawmh raobl;vdkh olb,fcHEdkifr



vJ? aorSmbJ? tJ'Dvdk pdwfcsrf;omatmif pdwfudka_z^yD;awmh vspfvsL@+Edkifw,fwJh? aowJholudk tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh pdwfqif;&Jr+ r_zpfbJpdwfcsrf;omatmif vspfvsL@+EdkifwJhoabmrsKd;udk Oay=mvdkh ac:w,f?

10-ESpfwef;usawmh arwWmvnf;r&Sd/ u@k%mvnf;r&Sd/ rk'dwmvnf;r&Sd/ _A[R0d[m&w&m; 4-yg; a_cmufcef;ukefjua&m? owdxm;juaygh? ckvJ _A[R0d[m&awG cef;a_cmufvmju^yD; wpfa,mufeJhwpfa,muf arwWmr&Sdjubl;? w%Smom&Sdw,f? udk,fhom;/ udk,fhorD;tifrwef &if;ESD;wJhykídKvfawGudk cspfawmhcspfyg&Jh/ cspfaywJh arwWmcspfr[kwfbl;? w%SmcspfeJhom cspfjuw,f? tJ'Dawmh arwWmtppfr&Sdjubl;? arwWmtppfr&Sdjuawmh u@k%mvnf; r&SdEdkifawmhbl;?

pdk;&drf_cif;aomu”u u@k%ma,mifaqmifw,f? udk,fcspfwJhykídKvf qif;&JaewJhtcgusawmh oem;vdkufwmaemfvdkh¢yg;pyfua_ymyg&Jh/ trSefu tJ'gu@k%mr[kwfbl;? aomu”u u@k%ma,mifaqmif^yD;awmh owW0gudk vSnf–ywfwm? avmbr+ aomre\”u rk'dwma,mifaqmifw,f? udk,fcspfcifaewJhykídKvf csrf;omr,fqdk&if 0rf;a_rmufw,f? tJ'g avmbr+ aomre\”u rk'dwma,mifaqmif yD;awmh owW0gudk vSnf–ywfwm?

tJ'Dawmh u@k%mvnf; tppfr_zpf/ rk'dwmvnf; tppfr_zpf/uHraumif;tajumif;roifhvdkh aoajuysufpD;oGm;_yefawmhvnf; Oy=meJh vspfvsLr@+Edkifbl;? tJ'Dvdk Oay=meJhvspfvsLr@+Edkifwm bm_zpfvdkhvJ/ arwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwmarwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwmarwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwmarwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwmarwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwm t&if;cHu rppfvdkh? arwWmtppf/ u@k%mtppf/ rk'dwmtppf&Sdxm;&if b,folaoao wwfEdkifwJhudpPrS r[kwfbJ? (t&ifao aemufaorsKd;bJ)?


82 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

olut&ifaovdkh&Sd&if usefwJholawGuvnf; aemufaotHk;rSmbJ? tJ'Dawmh oluvnf; aooGm;^yD/ iguvnf; aemufvdkufao&tHk;rSmbJqdk yD;awmh vspfvsL@+Edkifwmaygh/ arwWmppf&if/ u@k%mppf&if/ rk'dwmppf&if vspfvsL@+Edkifw,f?

udk,fhaqGrsKd;xJu wpfa,mufa,muf aooGm;vdkh pdwfa_zvdkhr&bl;? vspfvsLr@+Edkifbl;qdk&if tJ'g arwWmcspfr[kwfbl;? w%Smcspfvdkh rSwf? 'Dawmh arwWm/ u@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=mqdkwJh _A[Rpdk&fw&m; 4-yg; ,ckvnf; crf;a_cmuf yD;vmju^yD? tJ'Dvdkcrf;a_cmufvmjuaomajumifh toufwdkw,f/ tema&m*grsm;w,f/ ab;&eftm;}uD;w,f? toufwdkwm/ tema&m*grsm;wm/ ab;&eftm;}uD;wm _A[R0d[m&w&m; crf;a_cmufvdkh_zpf&wmvdkh rSwfyg? tJ'Dvdk 10-ESpfwef;usawmhuyfaq;vdrfhtHk;r,f?

&m*a&m*g/ a'gomowÔ/ arm['kABduf/ oHk;pdwfuyfrS owÔ÷&ysuf&vwHWhwnf;? uÝmay:rSm&SdwJh owW0gawGrSm &m*rsm;&if tema&m*geJh uyfaq;w,f? a'gorsm;&if vufeufeJh uyfaq;w,f?arm[rsm;&if iwfrGwfacgif;yg;_cif;eJh uyfaq;w,f? uyfqdkwm uyo'Ngu vmwm? uyqdkwm ygVd/ yapmufeJh owfvdkufawmh uyf vdkhzwf&w,f? uy/ 0demao qdkwJhtwdkif; ysufpD;_cif;udkbJ uyf ac:w,f? tema&m*guyfbJ aq;aq;? vufeufuyfbJ aq;aq;? iwfrGwfacgif;yg;_cif;uyfbJ aq;aq;? wpf@GmrSwpfa,muf/ ESpf@GmrSwpfa,muf tJ'Dvdk wpfa,mufwpfavbJusefw,f? romcsrJholr&Sdbl;?ewfawGu rdk;@Gmcs^yD;awmh 'Dtavmif;aumifawGudk yifv,fxJ ork'N&mxJ arsSmypf&w,f? romcsrJholr&Sdatmif tJ'D 10-ESpfwef;rSm twHk;t@Hk;aowmudk uyfaq;w,f ac:wm?


tJ'D 10-ESpfwef;rSm a&m*÷&uyfqdkwm tema&m*geJhuyfaq;wJh (t÷&uyf)? owÔ÷&uyfqdkwm vufeufeJhuyfaq;wJh (t÷&uyf)?'kABd=÷&uyfqdkwm iwfrGwfacgif;yg;_cif;eJh uyfaq;wJh (t÷&uyf)?

tJ'Dawmh 'Dvdkuyfaq;wm bm_zpfvdkhvJ/ _A[R0d[m& w&m;4-yg; uif;vdkhwJh? ,ckaum vlawGo÷mefrSm _A[R0d[m&w&m; rsm;ovm;/ enf;ovm;? enf;ygw,f? enf;&ifawmh eD;^yD? tJ'Dvdk uyfaq;vdkh wpf@GmrSwpfa,muf/ ESpf@GmrSwpfa,mufqdkovdk tenf;i,fusefjuawmhrS tavmif;aumifawGudk rdk;@Gmcs^yD; ork'N&mxJ arsSmypfvdkufvdkh pifpifju,fju,f_zpfvmawmh ykef;atmif;aewJh vlawGxGufvm^yD;awmh/ [m¢aoukefju^yD? 'dkhaqG 'dkhrsKd;awG/ 'dkh&yf 'dkh@GmuvlawG wpfa,mufrS rusefawmhbl;? 'dkh”uHaumif;axmufrvdkh usefjuw,f? udkif;¢'DusefwJhvluav;awGuawmh cspfcspfcifcifaejupdkh&Jhqdk yD; uyfaq;vdkufawmh csuf_cif;pdwfa_ymif;oGm;w,f?

wpfOD;eJhwpfOD; arwWmtppfa&mufvdkh/ wpfOD;eJhwpfOD; u@k%m&Sdvmw,f? wpfOD;eJhwpfOD; rk'dwm _zpfvmw,f? wpfOD;eJhwpfOD; vspfvsL@+Edkifw,f? bmtajumif;eJhrS pdwfrqif;&J &awmhbl;? pdwfqif;&Jw,fqdkwm vspfvsLr@+Edkifvdkh? vspfvsL@+Edkif&iff pdwfqif;&JygtHk;rvm;? at;¢vspfvsLr@+Edkifvdkh pdwfqif;&Jjuwm? tJ'D vspfvsLr@+Edkifwmvnf; tawmf}uD;qdk;wm? tJ'Dawmh uyfaq;^yD;vdkh usefwJhvluav;awG[m arwWmtppf/ u@k%mtppf/ rk'dwmtppf/ Oay=mtppfolwdkho÷mef tppf_zpfvmw,fwJh? _A[R0d[m&w&m; 4-yg; &ifxJa&mufvmjuw,f qdkygawmh?



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_A[R0d[m&w&m; 4-yg; &ifxJa&mufvmawmh 'DvlawGuarG;wJh om;orD;usawmh tESpfESpfq,f touf&Snfw,f? 'D tESpf”ESpfq,frdbawGuarG;awmh tESpfav;q,f? tESpfav;q,f rdbawGuarG;awmh tESpf&Spfq,f? wufuyfusawmh wpfq”wpfq wufoGm;w,f? bm_zpfvdkh _A[R0d[m&w&m; 4-yg;u oefoefvmvdkh toufwef;wdk;w,f? toufwef; qkwfw,fqdkwm w&m;u_yK_yifwm?toufwef;wdk;wm olawmfaumif;w&m; wdk;wufvdkh? toufwef;qkwfw,fqdkwm olawmfaumif;w&m; qkwf,kwfvdkh? ck&SdaewJhvlawG&ifxJrSm w&m;rS r&SdbJeJh b,frSmaumif;EdkifrSmvJ? b,fenf;eJhrS raumif;Edkifygbl;? bmrS arsSmfraejueJh? ckwifu uyfaq;vdkh wpfa,mufwpfav usefaewJhqdkwJhvl[m olh&ifxJrSmw&m;uyfvdkh usefaewm? w&m;uyfawmh wpfq wdk;^yD; wpfydk;? wpfydk; oufwef;wuf”wufoGm;vdkufwm wpf*%ef;.aemufu oknwpf&mhav;q,f&SdwJh toacFs,s ta&twGufxd wufoGm;w,f?

tJ'D toacFs,swef;uae^yD;awmh w&m;avsmhvdkh a_z;a_z;oufwef; qkwf,kwfvmvdkufwm tESpfwpf&mwef;usrS 'dkh a*gwr_rwfpGmbk&m; yGifhawmfrlwm? 'Dawmh t&darawW,s _rwfpGmbk&m;eJh'dkh”a*gwr _rwfpGmbk&m;[m tcsdefumvtm;_zifh t÷&uyf wpfuyfuGmw,f? xdkenf;wlpGm u\y _rwfpGmbk&m;ESifh 'dkha*gwr _rwfpGmbk&m;vnf; t÷&uyf wpfuyfuGmwmbJ? u\y _rwfpGmbk&m;yGifhawmfrlwkef;u toufESpfaomif;wef;rSm yGifhawmfrlowJh? 'dkha*gwr_rwfpGmbk&m;yGifhawmfrlwmu wpf&mwef;rSm yGifhawmfrlw,f? b,favmufuGm_cm;ovJ?

omoemeJh udavomqdkwm qefhusifbuf/ toufwef;wdkavudavom rsm;av? toufwef;&Snf&if udavom oufomw,f?



'Dawmh u\y _rwfpGmbk&m;omoemuvlawGeJh ,ck a*gwr _rwfpGmbk&m;omoemuvlawG wljuyghrvm;? a*gwr _rwfpGmbk&m;omoemu vlawGu ydk yD;qdk;rSmaygh? bm_zpfvdkh? toufwef;wdkvdkh? qdk;csifvdkh r[kwfygbl;/ vlawGuawmh taumif;bJ? toufwef;wdkawmhudavomu qdk;&w,f? udavomqdk;awmh omoemrxGef;um;Edkifbl;aygh? toufESpfaomif;wef;rSm &[ef;_zpfjuwJhykídKvfawGawmifrSowdyõmefuif;rJhawmh rapmifha&SmufEdkifjubl;wJh? ck wpf&mwef;awmhra_ymeJhawmh?

touf”ESpfaomif;wef;rSm &[ef;_yKjuwJh ykídKvfawGxJu &[ef;awmf wpfyg;[m @Gmwpf@GmrSm ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;vkyfw,f¢wJh/tJ'D ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;ausmif;udk tm*÷Kwpfyg; juGvmw,f¢wJh?tm*÷Kwpfyg; juGvmwJhtcgusawmh ausmif;wumu tJ'D tm*÷Kudkw,f”junf!dkw,f qdkbJ/ olh&Jhtrlt&m_rif&wmeJh junf!dkawmh qGrf;vSLw,f/ ouFef;vSLw,f/ tdyf&m ae&mzdkh ukwif vmydkhw,f? t&Sifbk&m; qHyif&Snfyg^yDbk&m;? qHyifudk acgif;&dwfyg? wynf–awmf qwWmonf v$wfvdkufygr,fqdk yD; acgif;udk qwWmonfv$wf yD; t&dwfcdkif;w,f?

tm*÷K &[ef;tay:rSm 'umu junf!dkyHkav/ ykxkZOft_zpfeJh ausmif;xdkif&wm owduif;&if awmfawmfajumufp&m aumif;w,f/toufESpfaomif;wef;u ykídKvfawmif owd uif;ao;w,fqdk&if 'dkhtoufwpf&mwef;rSmawmh ra_ym0Hhawmhygbl;? 'umu tJ'Dvdk tm*÷Kudk,fawmfudk av;pm;awmh ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;u remvdkbl;wJh?('guawmh ykxkZOf. t_ypfbJ/ t&d,mqdk&if _zpfr,fr[kwfygbl;)? 'geJhwumvnf; _yefoGm;a&m tm*÷Kudk ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;u qJa&;o¢wJh? b,fvdkqJa&;ovJqdkawmh¢t&Sifbk&m; 'DwumvSLwJhqGrf;udk


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pm;&wmxuf csD;pm;ae&wmu aumif;tHk;rSmayghudk,fawmf? tJ'g qJa&;_cif;wpfrsKd;/ t&Sifbk&m; 'D”'umvSLwJhouFef;udk 0wf&wmxuft0wfrygbJae&wmu aumif;tHk;rSmbJ? 'D”'um ydkhwJhukwifeJh tdyf&wmxuf a_r}uD;xJtdyf&wmu aumif;tHk;rSmbJ? t&Sifbk&m; 'D”'umv$wfvdkufwJh qwWmonfeJh acgif;&dwfcH&wmxuf qHyifudk arG;!SyfeJhqGJ yD;E+wfwmu aumif;tHk;rSmbJ? qJa&;_cif; 4-rsKd;? csD;pm;wmuaumif;r,f? t0wfr0wfbJ ae&wmaumif;r,f? a_r}uD;xJ tdyf&wmuaumif;r,f? qHyifudk arG;!SyfeJhE+wf&wmu aumif;r,f? tJ'D qJa&;_cif;(4)rsKd;eJh tm*÷KykídKvfudk ausmif;xdkifbkef;}uD;u qJa&;awmhtm*÷KykídKvfuvnf; &[÷mudk;? &[÷m_zpfawmh ightwGufeJh olrysufpD;ygapeJhqdk yD; _yefjuGoGm;a&m?

_yefoGm;vdkh tm*÷KrawGhawmhrS ig wu,folawmfaumif;}uD;_ypfrSm;rd yDqdk yD; olht_ypfolod yD; ysHvGefawmfrla&m? ysHvGefawmfrlawmht0Dpdi&JrSm b,favmufjumjum cH&ovJqdkawmh Ak'<÷&-bk&m;ESpfqlwdkh.tjum; umvywfvHk;¢wJh? u\y _rwfpGmbk&m; omoemawmfuae^yD;awmh a*gwr _rwfpGmbk&m;omoemawmftxd t0Dpdi&JrSmcH&o¢wJh? b,favmufajumufp&maumif;owkef;?

tJ'Dwkef;u tESpfESpfaomif;wef;rSm &[ef;vnf; _zpfygvsufwu,fawGh}uHKvmawmh rapmifha&SmufEdkifwm bmajumifhygvdrfh? owdyõmef yGm;rsm;rxm;vdkheJhwlw,f? owdyõmefyGm;rsm;xm;&if 'Dpdwfudk ESdrfEdkifrSmaygh? owdyõmefw&m; yGm;rsm;xm;&if 'DpdwfavmufawmhESdrfEdkifzdkh&Sdygw,f? rESdrfEdkifawmh udk,fbJcH&wmbJ? owdyõmefudk }udK;pm;vkyfju?

_ypfrSm;cH&wJhykídKvfu &[÷m/ aoonf.t_cm;rJh a&mufoGm;wJhae&mu t0Dpdi&J/ i&JcH&wJhtcsdefumvu Ak'<÷& bk&m;ESpfqlwdkh



.tjum;/ t÷&uyf wpfuyfvHk;wJh/ b,favmuf ajumufp&maumif;o¢vJ? udkif;¢wdkwkda_ymjuygpdkh&Jh/ 'D”bk&m;omoemrSm vlh_ynfa&mufvmwJhtcg &mZ^*dKvf_ynfrSm vl”vm_zpfua&m? vlvm_zpfawmh [dkwkef;u 0ùfuvdkufvmw,f/ uav;&,fvdkh_zpfuwJu t0wf”0wfay;vdkhr&/ c|wfypfw,f/ ukwifarGh,mESifh aumif;rGefpGmodyfvdkhr&/ a_r}uD;xJtdyfw,f? ol_zpfyHku? 'Dawmh rdbawGu cuf yD/ 'Duav;awmhckawmh i,fao;vdkh/ }uD;vm&if _yK_yif&aumif;yg&Jhvdkh xm;awmhawmfawmfuav;}uD;vmvnf; olhtrltusifhu raysmuf/ raysmufawmhrS oludk tdrfrSmxm;vdkhawmhr_zpfawmhbl;? awmf&mydkhrSbJqdk yD;tmZD0u t0wf”r0wfwJh wè'Gef;awGausmif; oGm;ydkhw,f/ t0wfr0wfwJh wè'Gef;awGausmif; oGm;ydkhawmh wè'Gef;awGuvnf; [m¢*k%f&SdwJh vlwpfa,mufu 'dkhxH ausmif;om;wpfa,muf vmydkhwmae&mus_yef yDqdk yD; 0rf;a_rmuf0rf;omESifhv=H yD; bmvkyfovJqdkawmhycHk;eJh wdkif;^yD;wl;xm;wJh usif;xJudkxnf–/ ycHk;ay:rSm ysOfESpfcsyf !Syf^yD;wif/ [dkbuf'Dbuf eif;^yD;awmhrS qHyifudk !SyfeJhE+wfwmudk;?

qHyifudk !SyfeJhE+wfvdkh usdefqJcJhwJh tukodkvfu 'DrSmay:vmw,f? tJ'geJh reufusawmh t&Sifbk&m;wdkh/ wynf–awmfwdkhtdrf qGrf;pm; juGawmfrljuygvdkh qGrf;pm;yifhoGm;awmh olu qGrf;pm;rvdkufbl;/oifwdkhbJ oGm;juvdkhqdk yD; olubmvkyfovJqdkawmh [dku tmZD0uwè'Gef;awG øxJqGrf;pm;oGm;&if oluukùDxJoGm;^yD; csD;awG ukef;pm;awmhwmudk;? _yefvmawmh olhrSm tpmt[m&u 0^yD;om;_zpfaew,f? wpfaehvmvnf; 'Dvdk/ wpfaehvmvnf; 'Dvdkqdkawmh tmZD0uwè'Gef;awGu r,HkouFm_zpf yD;awmh pHkprf;awmh olhtajumif;oda&m?odwJhtcg olhawmh 'dkhvufcHxm;vdkh r_zpfbl;? olhvufcHxm;&if tmZD0uawG csD;pm;w,fqdk yD; 'dkhemrnfysufvdrfhr,f? olhudkESifxkwfvdkufrSbJqdk yD; tmZD0u t0wf”r0wfwJh wè'Gef;awGu olhudkESifxkwfvdkufw,f?


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tJ'Dvdk ESifxkwfvdkufawmh &mZ^*dKvfteD;rSm øoløom;awGtnpftaju; oGm;vmwJh ausmufzsm}uD;wpfck&Sdw,f? tJ'D ausmufzsm}uD;teD;rSm oluvJ t[m&u tcefhoifh&atmif oGm;aewmudk;/vlvpfwJhtcsdefrSm tJ'D csD;awG ukef;ukef;pm;/ vlvmwJhtcgusawmhausmufzsmpGef;udk vufwpfzufu axmuf yD;awmh nmzufa_caxmufudk b,fbuf'l;ay:wif yD; rwfwwf&yf/ aumif;uifarmh^yD;awmh yg;pyfu [xm;w,f? vlawGu ar;w,f/ t&Sifbk&m; yg;pyf[xm;wJht"dyg,fu bmygvJ? [m¢ig'd_yiftpmudk rpm;bl;[? avudkompm;w,f/ 'g_zifh a_cwpfacsmif;xJ axmufaewmu b,fvdk t"dyg,fvJ/[m¢ a_caxmufwpfacsmif;xJ axmufaewmu 'Davmufawmif tusifh_yif;wJhykídKvf a_caxmufESpfacsmif;axmuf&if a_rivsifv+yfw,f/'gajumifh wpfacsmif;xJ axmufaewm?

tJ'Dvdka_ymawmh vlawGu junf!dkvdkufjuwm? 'DavmufusifhwJhykídKvf 'dkhrsm; wpfoufESifhwpfudk,f wpfcgrS rawGhzl;bl;? 'DykídKvfrS wu,fusifhwmqdk yD; &mZ^*dKvf_ynf r*"&mZfwdkif;uvlawG[m tukefvHk; wpfvwpf}udrfvm^yD;awmh olhudk ylaZmfyGJ vkyfjuw,f/wpfv wpf}udrfwpf}udrf ylaZmfyGJvkyfwJhtcg aumif;ayhqdkwJh qDO/axmywf tpmt[m&awGvmuyf/ uyfayrJh igrpm;bl;/ ig”'gawG tvdkr&Sdbl;? ig”u avpm;aewJhykídKvfvdkh a_ymawmh t&Sifbk&m; wynf–awmfwdkhtusKd;rsm;atmif enf;enf;uav;_zpf_zpf bkOf;ay;ygtHk;qdkawmhrS axmywfwdkh qDOwdkh aumif;ayhqdkwJht[m&awGudk wumawG iJh!Smaomtm;_zifh _rufzsm;uav;eJh wdkh”pm;w,f/ udkif;¢ 'Davmuf&Sdrif;wdkh tusKd;rsm;yg^yD/ _yef,ljuvdkha_ym^yD; _yefay;vdkufw,f? oluvlawG r&SdwJhtcgusrS csD;pm;aewmudk; onf–_yift[m& olpm;udkrpm;csifawmhbl;?



tJ'Dvdk wpfvwpf}udrf wpfvwpf}udrf vkyfaeawmh _rwfpGmbk&m;u ]m%fawmfuGef,uf_zifhjunf– rJwdkif;junf–wJhtcg olh”oGm;awGhw,f? olheHrnfu ZrýKuwJh? ZrýKuawGhwm tajumif;bmygvdrfhvdkhjunf–vdkufawmh ZrýKu[m tbdnmOfa_cmufyg;/ yùdoÝd'g av;yg;ESifhwuG &[÷m_zpfzdkhtajumif;ESifh _ynf–pHkw,f? olhudk tajumif;_yK^yD;*gxmwpfyk'fa[mvdkuf&if &Spfaomif;av;axmifaom owW0gawG tu|wfw&m;&zdkh&Sdw,fvdkh ]m%fawmfuGef,ufxJrSm _rifwJhtcg udk,fawmf_rwfu olhqDjuGoGm;w,f/ olhqDjuGoGm;awmh wdkwdka_ymjupdkh&Jh?oleJhreD;ra0; awmif0Srf;wpfckrSm _rwfpGmbk&m;uaew,f? nusawmhpwkr[m&mZf ewfrif;}uD; (4)a,mufvm^yD; qnf;uyfw,f? oef;aumif,Htcgusawmh odjum;rif;}uD; vmqnf;uyfw,f? odjum;rif;_yefoGm;wJhtcgusawmh _A[Rmrif;}uD; vmqnf;uyfw,f? reD;ra0;qdkawmholujunf–aew,f? reufusawmh apmapmoGm;ar;w,f? t&Sifbk&m;¢nOD;u vl (4) a,mufvmw,f? udk,fa&mifudk,f0gawGeJh b,folawGvJ/ 'g pwkr[m&mZf ewfrif;}uD; 4 a,muf? aemufvmwJh vlwpfa,mufu b,folvJ odjum;rif;? aemufvmwJh vlwpfa,mufub,folygvJvdkhar;awmh¢a&S;tcgu _A[Rmudk;uG,fwJhykídKvfawG[mwpfpHkwpfckc|wfacsmfoGm;vdkh cvkyfygwdkufrd&if ,ckearmw\ @Gwfjuovdk(earmr[m_A[RKaem) r[m_A[RKaem/ r[m_A[Rm}uD;tm;? earm/&Sdcdk;yg.vdkh 'Dvdka,mifjuwmudk;? tJ'DvlawG 'Dvdka,mif&rf;&avmufatmif _rwf_rwfEdk;Edk;udk;uG,faewJh _A[Rm}uD;[m olayghZrýKu&Jh?

'Dawmh olubma_ymovJ/ tHhjop&maumif;vdkufwmudk,fawmf?wynf–awmf csKd;^cHaomtusifh”usifhaewm 55-ESpf&SdcJhyg^yD? b,fpwkr[m&mZfewfrSvnf; rvmbl;? b,fodjum;rSvnf; rvmbl;? b,f_A[RmrSvnf; rvmbl;? udk,fawmfhqDrSmawmh pwkr[m&mZf ewfrif;


90 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

}uD;vnf;vmw,f? odjum;rif;vnf;vmw,f? _A[Rm}uD;vnf;vmw,f?tvGefw&mrS tHhjop&maumif;ygay&Jh¢vdkh a_ymawmhrS ZrýKu¢rodrvdrRmwJhvlawGudkom rif;”vSnf–_zm;vdkh&r,f? igh”udk vSnf–_zm;vdkh r&bl;? rif;csD;pm;aewmbJ? a&S;b0u rif;0ùfygcJhvdkh 'D[mudk rif;pm;ae&wm? tJ'Dvdk _rwfpGmbk&m;u a_ymawmhrS [D&d-jowWy/ &Suf_cif;ajumuf_cif;_zpf yD; _rwfpGmbk&m;a&ShrSm aqmifhajumifhxdkifw,f? 'DawmhrS _rwfpGmbk&m;uvnf; a&oEkyfuav; ypfay;vdkufw,f? a&oEkyfuav; ypfay;vdkufvdkh t0wf”0wf yD;awmh _rwfpGmbk&m;¢wynf–awmfonf t&Sifbk&m;omoemrSm &[ef;_yKyg&apvdkh avsSmufawmhrS {[dbd=K ac:vdkufvdkh tbd]m%fa_cmufyg; yùdoÝd'g av;yg;eJh &[÷m_zpfoGm;w,f¢wJh?

tJ'D &[÷m_zpfwJhtcsdefrSm t*Fwdkif;/ r*"wdkif; wdkif;ESpfwdkif;uvlawG ylaZmfyGJvkyfwJh tcsdef_zpfaeawmh vmjuw,f? [m¢&[ef;}uD;a*gwr 'Da&mufae^yD/ &[ef;}uD;a*gwr”u _rwfovm;? 'dkhZrýKuu _rwfovm;? ZrýKu”u _rwfvdkh &[ef;}uD;a*gwru ZrýKuxHvm&wmbJ/ 'DvdkawG;awmjuw,f? _rwfpGmbk&m;u ZrýKu rif;y&dowf&JhoHo,udk rif;bJa_z&Sif;ayawmhvdkh rdefhawmfrlawmhrS aumif;uifysHwufoGm;^yD; _rwfpGmbk&m;udk &Sdcdk;w,f? t&Sifbk&m;u q&myg?wynf–awmfu wynf–ygvdkh ZrýKu”u_rwfpGmbk&m;udk avsSmufxm;w,f?

rtyfaomtpmudk rpm;_cif;? rtyfaomtcsdefumvrSm rpm;_cif;/ rtyfr&m&wJh 0wÔKypPnf;wdkhudk a&SmifjuOf_cif;[m tvGef_rwfw,fvdkh 'D*gxm a[mvdkufawmhrS t*Fwdkif;/ r*"wdkif;u &Spfaomif;av;axmifaomvlawG tu|wfw&m;&juw,fvdkh 'D0wÔKrSm&Sdw,f?



tJ'Dawmh 'Davmufawmifyg&rD&Sif}uD; _zpfygvsufu,feJh bm_zpfvdkh 0ùfvdkufw,f? owdyõmefryGm;rsm;bJ aecJhvdkh? tukodkvf_zpfvmwJhtcg rapmifha&SmufEdkifwJhtwGuf wu,fh&[÷mykídKvfudk _ypfrSm;cJhvdkh tJ'D0ùfvdkufw,f¢wJh? 'Dawmh toufuvnf; ESpfaomif;wef; ykídKvfuvnf;&[ef; 'DvdkykídKvf}uD;rsm;awmif 'Dt_zpfa&muf&if'dkhawmh ra&mufEdkifbl;vdkh ratmufarhjueJh? 'gajumifh juyfjuyfowdxm;? owdyõmefudk juyfjuyfvkyfju? owdyõmeftvkyfudkvkyfjuawmh?ck vkyfaeusw&m;u tmemyge?

'dkhuvnf; tmemygevkyfenf; a[mr,fvdkha_ymxm;awmh/ tmemygevkyfenf; tusOf;csKyfuav; a_ym&tHk;r,f? ckacwfu tvG,f}udKufwmudk;? tvG,f}udKufawmh tvG,fbJvkyfaejuw,f? tvG,fvkyfaejuawmh pmrSm&SdwJh vkyfxHk;”vkyfenf;udk 'dkhvlpk em;rvnfjuawmhbl;? pmtwdkif;vnf; vkyfxHk;”vkyfenf;udkawmh rSwfom;xm;juaygh?

tmemygevkyfenf;u xGufav”0ifavudk ta&twGufeJhvkyfwJhenf;udk *%emenf; ac:w,f?

xGufav”0ifavaemufodkh owdtpOfvdkufI vkyfwJhenf;udktEkAE<em enf;ac:w,f?

ESmoD;zsm;/ E+wfcrf;zsm;rSm xGufav”0ifav wdk;wmudk wdk;xdwdkif; wdk;xdwdkif; owdxm;^yD;vkyfwJhenf;udk zkoem enf;ac:w,f?

yùdbm*edrdwf xifvmwJhtcg Öif;edrdwfay:rSm pdwfwnfjunfatmifxm;^yD; vkyfwJhenf;udk Xmyemenf; ac:w,f?


92 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ta&twGufeJh vkyfwJhenf;u (*%em)?

xGufav”0ifavudk owdtpOfr_ywf vdkufwmu (tEkAE<em)?

avwdk;xdwJhae&mrSm owdxm;wmu (zkoem)?

yùdbm* edrdwfay:rSm pdwfwnfjunfatmifxm;^yD;awmh vkyfwmu (Xyem)? tJ'Dawmh¢

1? *%emvkyfenf;?2? tEkAE<em vkyfenf;?3? zkoem vkyfenf;?4? Xyem vkyfenf;vdkh ¢ tmemygevkyfenf; 4-rsKd;&Sdw,f/ A[kokw &Sdatmifvnf;

rSwfawmhxm;aygh? vkyfawmh udk,fvkyfcsifovdk vkyfjuwmaygh? A[kokwuawmh &Sdoifhoavmuf&Sd&rSmaygh?

*%emvkyfenf; qdkwmbmvJ? ta&twGuf("nrmyu)/ pyg;csiform;uJhodkh a&wGuf&r,fwJh? pyg;csiform;onf wpfawmif;_ynf–vdkuf avmif;csvdkuf/ aemufwpfawmif; wpfcgxyf yD;csifvdkuf/ aemufwpfawmif; rcsif&cif yxrwpfawmif; csif yD;onfup^yD;/ wpf-wpf-wpf-wpf vdkhrSwfae&w,f? aemufwpfawmif;wcg xyfavmif;awmhrS ESpf-ESpf-ESpf/ 'Dawmh pyg;csifenf; vkyfw,fqdkwm ta&twGuf aES;aES;eJh vkyf&w,f? ta&twGufawmh ta&twGufbJ/ odkhayrJh cyfaES;aES; a&wGuf&w,f?



udkif;¢vufawGhprfjunf–juprf;yg? xGufavu xif&Sm;ovm;/0ifavu xif&Sm;ovm;? vkyfjuwJhtcgrSm wcsKdhu xGufav xif&Sm;w,f? wcsKdhu 0ifav xif&Sm;w,f? xif&Sm;wmudkbJ a&ygwJh?'Dawmh rsm;aomtm;_zifh xGufav xif&Sm;ygw,f? udk,fxif&Sm;wmudkbJ ukd,fa&wGufaygh? aemufawmh cyfa_z;a_z;@SL/ xGufvmwJhtcg(1) vdkhrSwf? aemufwpfcg rxGufrcsif; (1) bJrSwfxm;? aemufwpfcg _yefxGufvmawmh (2) vdkhrSwf/ aemufwpfcg xGufvm_yefawmh(3)vdkhrSwf? cyfa_z;a_z;@SLay;/ aemufwpfcg xGufvm_yefawmh (4)?aemufwpfcg xGufvm_yefawmh (5)? tJ'g w0g&? (1) up^yD;(5) ckxdatmif w0g&// (1) up^yD; (6) ckxdatmif/ wpfcgxGuf&if (1)/ESpfcg xGuf&if(2)? oHk;cgxGuf&if (3)/ av;cgxGuf&if (4)? ig;cgxGuf&if (5)/ a_cmufcgxGuf&if (6)? tJ'g w0g&? aemufwpfcg (1) up^yD; (7) xdatmif _yef yD;(1)u wpfcgp? wpfcgxGuf&if (1)/ aemufwpfcg xGuf&if (2)/ aemufwpfcgxGuf&if (3)/ aemufwpfcgxGuf&if(4)/ aemufwpfcgxGuf&if (5)/ aemufwpfcgxGuf&if (6)/ aemufwpfcgxGuf&if (7)/ tJ'g w0g&? aemufwpfcg (1)u _yef@SL? pyg;csiform; a&wGufovdkh cyfav;av; rSwf? wpfcgxGuf&if (1)/ ESpfcgxGuf&if (2)/ oHk;cgxGuf&if (3)/ av;cgxGuf&if (4)/ ig;cgxGuf&if (5)/a_cmufcgxGuf&if (6)/ ckepfcgxGuf&if (7)/ &SpfcgxGuf&if (8)/ tJ'gw0g&? tJ'D enf;twdkif; 5-cg w0g&? 6-cg w0g&? 7-cg w0g&?8-cg w0g&? 9-cg w0g&? 10-cg w0g&? tJ'Dvdk "nrmyu/pyg;csifwJhenf;eJh ig;xufvnf; ravsmhapeJh? wpfq,fxufvnf;rydk&bl;? ig;uae^yD; wpfq,ftxd? ig;eJhw0g&? a_cmufeJhw0g&?ckepfeJhw0g&? &SpfeJhw0g&? udk;eJhw0g&? wpfq,feJhw0g&? a_cmuf0g&vkyfygwJh? 'gbmenf;vJ/ "nrmyu *%emenf;? pyg;csifwJh Oyrmac:w,f?


94 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tJ'Dvdk tm;xkwfvdkh awmfawmfuav; tavhtvmwGifvmawmh @SLvdkhaumif;vmvdrfhr,f¢wJh? @SLvdkh aumif;vmawmh touf@SL[m _refvmvdrfhr,f? ckwifuvdk rav;awmhbJ touf@SL _refvmwJhtcgusawmh/ EGm;ausmif;om; EGm;a&wJh a*g*%emenf;eJh tm;xkwfygwJh? EGm;ausmif;om; EGm;a&awmh wpf-ESpf-oHk; ponf_zifh _ref_refqefqef a&ovdk touf@SLrSefvmvdkh vsSifvsSif_ref_ref@SLEdkifwJhtcgusawmh EGm;ausmif;om; EGm;taygif;udka&wGufwJh a*g*%emenf;eJhtm;xkwfayawmh?

yxru¢"nrmyu enf;?'kwd,u¢a*g*%em enf;?

"nrmyuenf;u touf@SL av;av;@SL^yD;awmhum a&wGuf&r,f/ a*g*%emenf;u touf@SL cyf_ref_refuav;@SL^yD;awmh a&wGuf&r,f? 'Dusawmh vlur@SL&awmhbl;? olhudk,fu tvdkufoifh_zpfvm^yD? tJ'Dvdk _ref_ref@SL&mrSmvnf; a&wGufwJhenf;rSmawmh(6)0g0g&bJ/ (5) atmufvnf; r,dkapeJh? (10) xufvnf; rydkapeJh? tJ'Dvdka&wGufwJhenf;eJhtm;xkwf? b,favmufjumatmif tm;xkwf&rvJ/a&wGuf_cif;eJhuif;I pdwfrvGifhatmifxkwf? trSefu 0dwuftifrwefrsm;wJhykídKvfudk ay;wJhenf;bJ? Oyrm¢a&jurf;wJhtcgrSm avSudkxdk;0g;eJhaxmufxm;ouJhodkh a&jurf;wJhae&mrSm avS&yfae_cif;onf xdk;0g;&JhowWdajumifhom &yfaeEdkifwmwJh? tJ'Dawmh tmemyge tm;xkwfwJhae&mrSm 0dwufrsm;ae&if a&wGufwJhenf;eJhxkwf? 0dwufuif;_ywf_cif;tvdkhiSm ay;wJhenf;¢wJh?

a&wGuf_cif;eJh uif;^yD; pdwf[m rvGifhawmhbl;? 0dwufrrsm;awmhbl;qdk&if tEkAE<emenf; a_ymif;vdkuf? tEkAE<em enf;usawmhxGufavod 0ifavod? xGufaveJh0ifav owdr_ywfatmif zGJhpyf



xm;? xGufaveJh0ifaveJh zGJhpyf yD; owdr_ywfatmif tm;xkwfaewmudk tEkAE<emenf; ac:w,f? 'Dawmh *%emenf;bJ xkwfxkwf/tEkAE<emenf;bJ xkwfxkwf zkoemenf;u yg^yD;om;? *%emenf;xkwfvnf; ESmoD;zsm;rSmavwdk;xdrSmbJ? 'Davwdk;xdwmuawmh *%emenf;xkwfvnf; ygwmbJ? tEkAE<emenf;xkwfvnf; ygwmbJ?

*%emenf;rSmvnf; zkoemenf; rv$wfeJh? tEkAE<emenf; rSmvnf; zkoemenf;rv$wfeJh? tJ'Dawmh *%emenf;^yD;vdkh tEkAE<emenf;eJh xGufouf”0ifoufaemufudk tpOfvdkuf yD; tm;xkwfwJhtcgusawmhat;,mOfv$J Oyrm? wHcg;apmifhOyrm? v$wdkufwJh Oyrm? tJ'D OyrmoHk;rsKd; vmw,f?

at;,mOfv$JOyrm qdkwmu om;trdESpfa,muf at;,mOfay:rSm pD;aewJhtcg at;,mOfv$JwJhvlu at;,mOfudk v$J yD;awmh oluawmh wdkif&if;rSmbJ xdkifaewmbJ? wdkif&if;rSmxdkifae&if;u at;,mOf&Jh [dkbufE+wfcrf;/ 'DbufE+wfcrf;/ tv,fcsuf/ tJ'D oHk;csufudk wdkif&if;xdkifae&if; *@krpdkufbJ_rif&w,fwJh? at;¢xdkenf;wlpGmbJ xGufav 0ifavudk tEkAE<emenf;eJh wdk;xdwJhae&mu owdxm;^yD;awmhtm;xkwfae&if wdk;xdwJhae&mvnf; odw,f/ xGufavvnf;odw,f?0ifavvnf;odw,f? tJ'g at;,mOfv$J Oyrm tm;xkwfenf;wJh?

^yD;awmh a'g0g&Dulyrm ac:wJh wHcg;apmifh Oyrmu øwHcg;u apmifhaewJhvl[m øxJu vlxGufvmwdkif; vmwdkif;/ t_yifuvløxJ 0ifvmwdkif;vmwdkif; odouJhodkh ESmacgif;u xGufvmwJhavudkvnf; odw,f/ ESmacgif;xJ 0ifvmwJhavudkvnf; odw,f? tJ'Dvdk0ifwdkif;xGufwdkif;odatmif tm;xkwf_cif;onf wHcg;apmifhOyrm tm;xkwfenf;wJh?


96 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

uuplyrm ac:wJh v$wdkufwJh Oyrmu¢ a_rnDay:rSm opfwHk;udkwif/ tJ'D opfwHk;udk v$eJhwdkuf? opfwHk;udk v$eJhwdkufwJhtcgusawmhum opfwHk;eJhv$oGm;eJh xdwmudkowdxm;? opfwHk;eJh v$_ywfwmudk owdxm;awmh v$toGm;t_yefudkvnf; odw,f? opfwHk;eJhv$oGm;eJh xdwmudkvnf; odw,f? at;¢xdkenf;wlpGm uuplyrmenf;uavwdk;xdwJhae&mrSm owdxm;ygwJh? xdwJhae&m owdxm;vdkuf&if0ifwmvnf; odw,f? xGufwmvnf; odw,f? xdwmvnf; odw,f?tJ'D todoHk;rsKd; yg&r,f¢wJh? wa,m"rRac:w,f?

edrdwWH t\mo y\mom tem&rR%arupdwW\tZmeawmp wa,m"arR bm0em EkyvABwd?

edrdwWH/ xGufav0ifav wdk;xd&mtm@HkÖif;? t\mo”y\momxGufav”0ifav ESpfyg;wdkhÖif;? âwd/ Todkh? wa,m"rRm/ oHk;yg;aomw&m;wdkhonf? {updwW\/ wpfckaompdwf.? tem&rR%H/ tm@Hk r[kwfacs? wdk;xdr+&,f/ xGufr+&,f/ 0ifr+&,f/ 'DoHk;ck[m wpfckwnf;aom pdwf.tm@Hkr[kwfbl;wJh? wdk;xdr+odwmu wpfpdwf? xGufavodwmu wpfpdwf? 0ifavodwmu wpfpdwf? odkhayr,fvdkh 'DoHk;yg;ydkif;ydkif;_cm;_cm;rodwJhykídKvf[m bm0em r_ynf–pHkEdkifbl;? wa,m"arR/oHk;yg;aom wdk;xdaomae&m xGufav”0ifavwdkhudk? tZmeawm/rodaomykídKvftm;? bm0em/ tmemygeowd bm0emudk? EkyvABwd/r&tyf? tmemygerSm wa,m"rRqdkwm tJ'gac:wm? xGufav”0ifavwdk;xd&mXmeu wpfyg;? xGufavu wpfyg;? 0ifavuwpfyg;? 'DoHk;yg;pvHk;_ynf–pHkrS bm0em_zpfEdkifw,f?

edrdwWH t\mo y\mom tem&rR%aru?



pdwW\ Zmeawmp wa,m"arR bm0em OyvABwd? tJ'DoHk;yg;aomw&m;udk odEdkifwJha,m*DykídKvf[m tmemygeowd bm0em_ynf–pHkEdkifw,fwJh?

'Dawmh tEkAE<emenf;rSm at;,mOfOyrm tm;xkwfenf;?wHcg;apmifhOyrm tm;xkwfenf;? v$wdkufOyrm tm;xkwfenf;? b,fESpfenf;&Sdygvdrfh? oHk;enf;? tJ'D oHk;enf;eJhtm;xkwfvdkh tcsKd;uswJhtcgusawmh edrdwfay:vmvdrfhr,fwJh?

yxray:vmwJh edrdwfudk Oí[edrdwf ac:w,f? wcsKdhvnf;ju,fa&mifuJhodkh/ wcsKdhvnf; ywW_rm;a&mifuJhodkh/ wcsKdhvnf; ykvJoG,fuJhodkh trsKd;rsKd;tzHkzHk onmtm;avsmfpGm tmemyge edrdwfqdkwmay:vmwwfw,f? rlvtm;xkwfwJh tmemygetm@Hku y&durRedrdwf?ay:vmwJhtm@Hku Oí[edrdwf? aemuf yùdbm*edrdwfqdkwmu ju,fvHk;/ ywW_rm;vHk;vdk ju,fa&mifvdk ywW_rm;a&mifvdk ykvJvHk;vdk Oí[edrdwfvdk ay:awmhay:wmbJ? odkhayrJh oluckdif rJw,f? wkefv+yf_cif;r&Sdbl;? tnpftaju; uif;w,f? tnpftaju;uif;^yD;awmh oefh&Sif;w,f? cdkif rJw,f? wkefv+yf_cif;r&Sdbl;? vkyfwdkif;&w,f? xm;wdkif;aew,f?

tJ'D yùdbm*edrdwfay:vmvdkh&Sd&if 'DykídKvf[mwd[dwfbJ? yùdbm*edrdwf ay:vm&ifawmh wd[dwfavvm; 'dG[dwfavvm; awG;p&mrvdkawmhbl;? wd[dwfr[kwf&if yùdbm*edrdwfray:Edkifbl;?'Dawmh¢y&durRedrdwf/ y&durRbm0em/ y&durRorm"d?

Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0em/ y&durRorm"d?yùdbm*edrdwf/ Oypm&bm0em/ Oypm&orm"d?tyembm0em/ tyemorm"d 'Dvdk&Sdw,f?


98 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfrsm;[m 0dy\emul;csif yDqdk&ify&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwfudktm@Hk_yKwJh y&durRbm0emuae^yD;awmh@kyfemrfcGJ@+vdkufvdkh 0dy\emwufoGm;&if 0dy\em,medu vrf;ac:w,f? tmemygeudktm@Hk_yKwJh y&durRorm"dbJ_zpf_zpf/ Oí[edrdwfudktm@Hk_yKwJh y&durRorm"dbJ_zpf_zpf/ tJ'Dy&durRorm"duae^yD; @kyfemrfcGJwufoGm;&if 'gvnf; 0dy\em,meduenf;bJ? yùdbm*edrdwfxifvdkh Oypm&orm"d/ tyemorm"da&mufoGm;^yD;rS tJ'Du0dy\em wufoGm;&ifawmh orx,meduenf;ac:w,f?

tJ'Dvdk tmemygeu 0dy\emwufyHk ESpfvrf;&Sdw,f? 'Dawmh@kyfemrfcGJr+u cE<mudk,f wpfudk,fvHk; u&Zum, qdkwJh udk,faumif}uD;[m blw@kyfESifh Oyg'g@kyfbJ? ^yD;awmhrS tmemygeudk tm@Hk_yKwJhpdwfrSm z\/ a0'em/ onm/ apwem/ pdwf vdkh 5-rsKd;&Sdw,f? tJ'gudk z\yóu w&m;ac:w,f? tmemyge xGufav0ifavudk tm@Hk_yKwJhpdwfrSm 'Dw&m; 5-yg;ygw,f? tJ'D z\yóu w&m; 5-yg;uemrf? wpfudk,fvHk;wpfaumifvHk;rSm&SdwJh blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfu @kyf? tJ'Dvdkenf;tm;_zifh @kyfemrfudkcGJvdkuf/ odzdkha_ymwm/ tm;xkwf&if;usawmh'Dvdk cGJrae&ygbl;?

xGufav0ifaveJh xGufav0ifavodwJhpdwfudk uGJ_ym;atmifpdwfrul;&ygbl;? xGufav 0ifavu bmudkrsm; odwwfovJ/ bmrSrodwwfygbl;? rodwwfvsSif @kyf? 'g_zifh xGufav 0ifav[m olaumif”igaumif ykídKvfowW0g [kwfovm;/ olhobm0tm;_zifh xGufav 0ifav[m ykídKvfowW0grS r[kwfbJ? xGufav 0ifavudk odaewJhpdwfuaum ykídKvfowW0g[kwfuJhvm;? xGufavvnf; ykídKvfr[kwf/ 0ifavvnf; ykídKvfowW0gr[kwf/ ykídKvfowW0gr[kwfrSef;od&if 'g”@kyfemrfuGJ yD;om;bJ?



pmenf;eJhom blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfu @kyf? z\yóu w&m;uemrfqdkwm jum;zl;em;0&Sdatmifa_ymaewm? wu,fvkyfxHk;eJh w&m;tm;xkwf&musawmh tm@Hka&m/ tm&rR%du”aum ESpfckpvHk; ykídKvfowW0gr[kwfwmudk bGm;bGm;}uD;ay:atmif tm;xkwf&if;odae&if 'DykídKvf[m 'dõduGmw,f? emrf@kyfudkydkif;_cm;^yD;odwJh ykídKvfvdkhqdk&r,f?

tJ'Dup^yD; orRoe]m%f/ O',Aý,]m%f/ ponf_zifh wufoGm;^yD;awmh 0dy\em a&mufcJhonf&Sdaomf oHv=%enf;wJh? 0dy\emudk oHv=% ac:w,f? r*fusawmh 0d0wWemenf;? zdkvfusawmhyg&dok'<denf;/ yça0=%musawmh yùdy\em enf;wJh? 0dy\em&,f/r*f&,f/ zdkvf&,f/ yça0=%m&,f/ tJ'Dusawmh enf; 4-yg; wpfcgvm_yefw,f? tJ'gu 0dy\empcef;usrS vmw,f? [dk¢¢tmemygetm;xkwfwkef;uawmh *%emenf;/ tEkAE<emenf;/ zkoemenf;/ Xmyemenf;¢vdkh 4-yg;?

Xmyemenf; tm;xkwfyHkuawmh 'Dyùdbm*edrdwf[m xm;wdkif;aew,f/ vkyfwdkif;&w,f/ wkefv+yf_cif;uif;w,f/ tnpftaju;uif;w,f/ yùdbm*edrdwf[m cdkif rJw,f? tJ'Dtcgusawmh cgwdkif;vdk tmemyge r@+rSwfawmhbl;? yùdbm*edrdwfay:rSm pdwfudkpdkuf yD;@+aevdkh tJ'DrSm psmefwufwm? Xyemenf;u psmefwufwJhenf;? yùdbm*edrdwfay:vm^yD;rS psmef&atmif rvkyfawmhbl;? 0dy\embuf ul;awmhr,fqdk&ifvnf;bJ olvnf; orx,medubJ? bm_zpfvdkhvJ/ Oypm&psmefqdkwmu 0dwuf/ 0dpm&/ yDwd/ okc/ {uíwm psmeft*Fgig;yg;&SdwJhpdwf_zpfaomajumifh olvnf;bJ orm"d wpfrsKd;bJ/ tyem ra&mufao;ayr,fvdkh?


100 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

Oypm&psmefu 0dy\emul;&if orx,medu/ tyem psmefusrS ul;&ifvnf;bJ orx,medu/ Oypm&psmef/ tyempsmef/ Öif;psmef2 rsKd;u 0dy\emul;&if orx,eduvdkhrSwf/ y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwfac:wJh edrdwf 2-yg;rSm y&durRorm"d/ y&durRbm0em ac:w,f?tmemygerSmvnf;bJ xGufav0ifavu y&durRedrdwf/ tmemygeac:wJh xGufav”0ifavt_yif ay:vmwJhtm@Hku Oí[edrdwf/ tJ'Dedrdwf2-yg;rSm_zpfwJh bm0emu y&durRbm0em/ orm"du y&durRorm"d?tJ'D y&durRbm0em/ y&durRorm"duae^yD;awmh 0dy\emul;&if 0dy\em ,medu? 'Dawmh tmemygeuae^yD;awmh 0dy\emul;enf; 2-enf; r[kwfbl;vm;? rrSwfrdavmufju ao;bl;vm;?

rSwfrdavmufatmifvdkh A[kokwtwGuf a[mwm/ tvkyfuawmh udk,f”tm;xkwfwwfovdkbJ xkwfju? y\Ý,H um,ocFg&Hy\od\mrDwd od=wd/ @kefh&if;aomum,ocFg&udk îdrf;at;atmifusifhw,fqdkwm w&m;tm;rxkwfcifu ykídKvf&Jh @kyfemrfuwpfrsKd;?w&m;tm;rxkwfcifu ykídKvf&Jh @kyfemrf[m ylyef_cif;/ jurf;wrf;_cif;/uif;&Jhvm;/ w&m;tm;xkwfvdkufwJhtcg 'DykídKvfrSm ylyef_cif;/ jurf;wrf;_cif; avsmhroGm;bl;vm;/ ylyef_cif;/ jurf;wrf;_cif; tm;}uD;vsSifum,ocFg&qdkwJh xGufav0ifav jurf;wrf;r,f? ESmacgif;eJhawmifrqefhygbl;? yg;pyfeJhawmif [”@SL&r,fwJh? xGufav0ifav jurf;wrf;wm[m bm_zpfvdkh? ukd,frSm ylyef_cif;/ jurf;wrf;_cif; ruif;vdkh aemuftmemyge tm;xkwfvdkh awmfawmfuav;jumawmh ylyef_cif;/ jurf;wrf;_cif;u wa_z;a_z; avsmhavsmhusoGm;awmh tmemygeuvnf;odrfarGhodrfarGh rvdkufvmbl;vm;? 'Dawmh tmemyge tm;xkwf&iform"d&ifhoavmuf/ owd c&D;a&mufoavmuf y\Ý, îdrf;at;_cif; _zpfvmygvdrfhr,f? w&m;tm;xkwfvdkh&Sd&if wa_z;a_z; tmemyge



um,ocFg& îdrf;at;r+_zpf yD; pdwfcsrf;omukd,fcsrf;om _zpfvmygvdrfhr,fvdkh qdkvdkwJhoabm?

^yD;awmh oAýum,yùdoHa0'D y\od\mrDwd od=wd? wcsKdhu xGufavtpom xif&Sm;w,f? tv,feJhtqHk; rxif&Sm;bl;? wcsKdhu tv,fomxif&Sm;w,f/ tpeJhtqHk;rxif&Sm;bl;? wcsKdhu tqHk;omxif&Sm;w,f/ tpeJhtv,f rxif&Sm;bl;? 'gajumifh tpa&m/tv,fa&m/ tqHk;a&m oHk;rsKd;pvHk; xif&Sm;atmif vkyfr,fqdkwmuÞoAýum,yùdoHa0'Dß^yD;awmh owd orm"d &ifhusufvmatmif udk,fa&mpdwfa&m idrf;at;vmatmif tm;xkwfr,fqdkwJh &nfpl;csufeJhvkyfwmuÞy\Ý,H um,ocFg&Hß?

t&Snf twdk/ 'DC-&\qdkwmu qifrsm; a_rGrsm;rSm xGufav 0ifav &Snfw,fwJh? ukd,faumifu&Snf_cif;ajumifh qifrsm;a_rGrsm;&Jh xGufav”0ifav[m wa_z;a_z;xGufw,f? wa_z;a_z;0ifw,f?acG;wdkh ,kefwdkh&Jh xGufav”0ifav[m _refw,f? tajumif;u udk,fykaomajumifhwJh? acG;wdkh ,kefwdkh&Jh xGufav”0ifav[m _refw,f?a_rGwdkh qifwkdh&Jh xGufav”0ifav[m aES;w,f? vlrsm;rSmawmh wcsKdhu xGufav”0ifav a_rGwdkh qifwdkhvdk av;av;_zpfwJhvlvnf;&Sdw,f? acG;wdkh ,kefwdkhvdk _ref_ref_zpfwJhvlvnf; &Sdw,f? av;av;_zpf&if 'DC? _ref_ref_zpf&if &\? 'DC-&\udk umv.tpGrf;tm;_zifh ,lygwJh? xGufav”0ifavjum&if 'DC? xGufav”0ifav_ref&if&\? tJ'Dvdk 'DCH0g t\oa÷m/ &\H0gt\oa÷m qdkwJht&ut&Snftwdkudk umv.tpGrf;tm;_zifh,l? jum&if 'DC/ _ref&if &\?

oAýum,yùdoHa0'D t&u/ tpa&m/ tv,fa&m/ tqHk;a&m/vdkuf yD;awmh odae&rSm r[kwfbl;? wdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSm @+ae&if


102 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

owd orm"d &ifhvm^yD; olh[mol odvmwmudka_ymwm? 'Dawmh odrvmrcsif; igvkyfr,fqdkwm od=wdod=wdod=wdod=wdod=wd usifhw,fvdkh ac:wm? 'Dawmhum,ocFg&rodrfarGhrcsif; odrfarGhatmif ig”vkyfr,fqdkwmudk y\Ý,ac:wm?

'g_zifh 'DC-&\vkyfenf;/ oAýum,yùdoHa0'D vkyfenf;/y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H vkyfenf;/ tmemyge vkyfenf;rSm ygVdawmftwdkif; tJ'DoHk;rsKd;eJh_ynf–pHkatmif }udK;pm;I tm;xkwfEdkifjuygapukefownf;?


®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®

ae&m/ tm@Hk/ a_ymwkef;pum;/aygif;nm;ykídKvf/ pm;vdktpm/rSD&mOwk/ aer+â&d,m/ckepf_zmudk/ avsmf&maqmif/ravsmfa&SmifvsSuf/aeh&ufr_cm;/ vGef}udK;pm;rS/w&m;_refpGm/ &Edkifygonf/ol”ig”owdxm;zdkhwnf;?

(a0VK0wD q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;)


103

a_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufY1331-ckESpf/ awmfovif;vqkwf(8)&ufaehwGifaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wD q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;a[mjum;awmfrlaom 'ort}udrfa_rmuf

r[mowdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmefokwf w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmefokwf w&m;awmf

w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*Drsm;[m owd” 0d&d,” c÷Dowd” 0d&d,” c÷Dowd” 0d&d,” c÷Dowd” 0d&d,” c÷Dowd” 0d&d,” c÷DqdkwJh w&m;t&if;rcHbJeJh b,favmuf}uD;tm;xkwfxkwf c&D;ra&mufygbl;? tenf;qHk; owd” 0d&d,” c÷D owd” 0d&d,” c÷D owd” 0d&d,” c÷D owd” 0d&d,” c÷D owd” 0d&d,” c÷D tJ'Dw&m;oHk;yg;eJh _ynf–pHk&r,f? w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfrSm 'Dw&m;oHk;yg; ta_ccH&Sd&r,f? Þowdowdowdowdowdßqdkwm &[÷mrsm;usrS vrf;qHk;Edkifw,f? 'gayrJh p^yD;awmh w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DrSm&Sd&rJh Þowdowdowdowdowdßu vlrSmta&;t}uD;qHk; t_ypf_zpfwJhumarokrdðmpm&/ yg%mwdygw/ t'dEMm'ge qdkwJh¢ um,uH oHk;yg;?0pDuH”u rkom0g' wpfyg;/ tJ'DurRudavoac:wJh npfEGrf;aomuHav;yg;awmh vlrSm tenf;qHk;vHk cHK&r,f? 'Dawmh yg%mwdygw/ t'dEMm'gef/ umarokrdðmpm@qdkwJh um,uHr+/ rkom0g'qdkwJh 0pDuHr+r_yK_zpfatmif apmifha&SmufwJh owdowdowdowdowd? tJ'D Þowdowdowdowdowdß udk ta_ccHxm;&r,f?

w&m;tm;xkwfw,fqdkwm raumif;wJhum,uHr+ r_yK_zpfatmif/ raumif;wJh 0pDuHr+ ra_ym_zpfatmif 'Dvdk Þowdßrxm;Edkifao;&if 'Da,m*D vdkao;w,f? tenf;qHk; tJ'gudk owdxm;&r,f?yg%mwdygw/ t'dEMm'gef/ umarokrdðmpm& um,uH oHk;yg;? 0pDuHu rkom0g' wpfyg;/ tJ'D 4-yg; r_yK_zpfatmif owd xm;EdkifvSsif


104 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

w&m;tm;xkwfwJh tusKd;ay:vm^yD? owd owd owd owd owd aywJh trsm;}uD;r[kwfygbl;? xm;Edkifp&mygbJ e*dkuvnf;bJ usL;vGefaejuwmrS r[kwfbJ?tJ'D owdowdowdowdowdavmufawmh &Sdju&r,f? 'D owdowdowdowdowd avmufrS r&Sdbl;qdkvSsifawmh w&m;tm;xkwfwm[m odyfawmhr[efao;bl;?

^yD;awmh 0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d, qdkwmbmvJ? 0d&d,qdkwm ysif;&d_cif; uif;&r,f? bk&m;awmifrS &Sdrcdk;csifbl; ysif;vdkh? w&m;awmifrS remcsifbl;ysif;vdkh? vSLa&;wef;a&;rSm ysif;pdwf0ifaeao;&if 'DykídKvfrSm 0d&d,r&Sdbl;? ukodkvfa&; aumif;r+a&;tvkyfrSm ysif;pdwfr0if&bl;? rysif;wJhykídKvfudk 0d&d, &Sdw,fvdkhac:w,f? w&m;tm;xkwf&rSm rysif;bl;w&m;em&rSmvnf; rysif;bl;? bk&m;&Sdcdk;&rSmvnf; rysif;bl;/ ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;ESifhywfoufvdkh ysif;&dwJh pdwfrsKd;&Sdaeao;&if w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*Dqdkayr,fvkdh r[kwfao;bl;?

wcsKdhu bk&m;&Sdcdk;awmifrS rSefrSefrvdkufbl;? bm_zpfvdkh ysif;vdkh? wcsKdhu w&m;em&wm ysif;w,f? wcsKdhu w&m;tm;xkwf&wmysif;w,f? tcsdef_ynf– tm;rxkwfbl;? tJ'D ukodkvfa&; aumif;r+a&;rSm pdwfrwufjuGbl;? pdwftm; qkwf,kwfw,f? ysif;&d_cif; 0if”0ifvmw,f? tJ'Dvdk ukodkvfa&;”aumif;r+a&;_yKvkyf&mrSm ysif;&d_cif; 0if”0ifvmvsSif 0d&d,avsmhw,f?

um,uH/ 0pDuH vHk cHKatmifrapmifhxdef;EdkifvsSif Þowdßavsmhw,f/ tJ'Dawmh owd owd owd owd owd &Sd&r,f 0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d, &Sd&r,f/ 'Davmufawmh &SdrSaygh? 'Dta_ccHavmufrSr&Sd&ifvnf; bmvkyfrSmvJ? ukodkvfa&;”aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;&dbJ xufxufoefoefvkyfEdkifwJhykídKvf[m t&m&mrSmonf;cHEdkifw,fwJh? onf;cH_cif;u b,fESpfrsKd;vJ? onf;cH_cif;u ol


('or)r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 105

wpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+aom onf;cH_cif;? olwpfyg;tay: rkef;xm;vdkholwpfyg;t_ypfudk @+w,f? tJ'g a'go? tJ'Da'goeJh olwpfyg;tay:rkef;xm;ae&if rkef;xm;wJhykídKvf&Jht_ypfudk @+_cif;ajumifh tJ'DykídKvfudk onf;rcHwJhykídKvf/ c÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷D r&dSwJhykídKvfvdkh ac:w,f? olwpfyg;t_ypfudk _rifvdkhomvsSif a'goeJhrkef;vdkhomvsSif olwpfyg;t_ypfudk @+Edkifwm?rrkef;wJhykídKvf[m olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+Edkifbl;? tJ'Dawmh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk@+Edkifwmvnf; a'go?

(c÷Demrta'gaom)? c÷Demr/ c÷Dqdkonfum;? ta'gaom/olwpfyg;udk r_ypfrSm;_cif;? olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+_cif;wnf;? 'dkhyckèLta&Shwdkufq&mawmf}uD; qHk;rbl;w,f?

wkEMraoG/ &E<azG/ yHkaewkrcdk;/ olht_ypfudk/ r@+vdk/ ykídKvfol_rwfrsKd;? olht_ypfudkr@+wJhykídKvf[m _rwfowJh¢vm;/ ,kwfowJh¢vm;/,kwfygw,f? ,kwfcsif,kwfayap r@+bJawmhraeEdkifbl; qdkygawmh/olwpfyg;&Jht_ypfudkr@+wJhykídKvfrS _rifh_rwfwJhykídKvfwJh? wkEM qdkwmtyfcsKyform;udk a_ymwm/ tyfcsKyform;onf csKyfzdkh&m t0wf.tayguft^yJudk &Sm&w,f? t0wfrSm tayguft^yJr&SdvsSif olhrSm rcsKyf&awmhbl;? 'gajumifh tyfcsKyform;[m t0wfrSm&SdwJhtpkwf t0wfrSm&SdwJhtaygufudk &Sm&w,f?

&E< qdkwmu taygufudka_ymwm? wkEM qdkwmu tyfcsKyform;? &E<azG qdkwmu tayguf&Smwm? tyfcsKyform;onf t0wfrSm&SdwJh taygufudk&SmouJhodkh ,kwfnH–aomykídKvfrsm;onf olwpfyg;. um,uHr+/ 0pDuHr+ t_ypfudk @Smwwfw,f/ olwpfyg;. um,uHr+/ 0pDuHr+ t_ypfudk&SmvSsif b,foleJhwlr,f/ tyfcsKyform;eJhwlr,f? tyfcsKyform;eJhrwlapeJh?


106 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

wkEMraoG/ &E<azG/ yHkaewkrcdk;/ tyfcsKyform;&Jh twkudk rcdk;&bl;vdkh qdkvdkw,f? Þolht_ypfudkr@+vdk ykídKvfol_rwfrsKd;ßolht_ypfudkr@+wJhykídKvf[m _rifh_rwfwJhykídKvfqdko_zifh olht_ypfudk@+wJhykídKvf[m,kwfnH–wJhykídKvf_zpfoGm;a&m? ,kwfnH–csifovm;/ _rifh_rwfcsifovm;?_rifh_rwfcsifygw,f yg;pyfu? pdwfu_zpfatmifvkyfyg? yg;pyfua_ymaevdkh r_zpfbl;? udavom îdrf;csrf;wJhykídKvfuom olht_ypfudk r@+bJonf;cHEdkifwm? rSwfxm;ju? udavomawG AvayGeJhykídKvfawGu olht_ypfudkr@+bJ b,frSmaeEdkifrSmvJ? (or%_A[R%mc÷dAvm)? or%_A[R%m/ udavomrD; idrf;at;_zLpifwJhykídKvfwdkhonf? c÷dAvm/ onf;cH_cif;udk tm;_yKjuukef.? udavomrD;îdrf;at;wJhykídKvf/ udavom_zLpifwJhykídKvfrsm;[m onf;cH_cif;udk tm;_yKw,f? onf;cH_cif;udk tm;_yKwJhykídKvfrsm;[m olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+bl;wJh? olwpfyg;t_ypfudk@+aomykídKvfonf udavom rîdrf;at;bl;? udavom r_zLpifbl;qdkwm ay:aew,f? udavomîdrf;at;wJhykídKvfudk or%ac:w,f?udavom_zLpifwJhykídKvfudk _A[R%ac:w,f?

udavomîdrf;at;wJh or%ykídKvf/ udavom_zLpifwJh _A[R%ykídKvfrsm;onf olwpfyg;t_ypfudkr@+bl;? olwpfyg;.t_ypfudk @+&ifudavom rîdrf;at;ao;vdkh? udavom r_zLpifao;vdkh? 'Dawmhb,fvdkvkyf&rvJ? udk,fhrSmvnf; udavomawGu&Sdaeawmh olwpfyg;t_ypfudkr@+bJ aerSmr[kwfbl;/ ESvHk;oGif;aumif;atmif avhusifhrS _zpfr,f/ b,fvdkESvHk;oGif;aumif;&rvJ/ olwpfyg; rawmfwmudk_yKusifhwmawGhcJhaomf olhcrsmrSm vkyfcsifvdkhvkyf&wm r[kwfbl;? udavom rEdkif&Smvdkh udavomcdkif;vdkhvkyf&wmbJvdkh ykídKvfay:rcsbJudavomay:t_ypfcsvdkuf&if olwpfyg;t_ypf@+&m ra&mufawmhbl;?



'g_zifh wcg ighrSmvnf; udavomawGt_ynf–eJh udavomcdkif;wdkif; rvkyfawmhbl;vdkh ighudk,fig pdwfcs&yghrvm;? olu 'gawGvkyfw,f/ igu [dk[mvkyfr,f t_ypfruif;csif;uawmh twlwlbJ? E+wfcrf;yJhcsif; rD;r+wfaewmaygh? ighrSmvnf; t_ypfruif;ao;bJeJh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk@+rdw,fvdkh udk,fhudk,fudkqHk;r&r,f? 'g_zifh ¢olwpfyg; rawmfwJhpum;a_ymvnf; ykídKvfay:rcseJh? atmf¢ol[m udavomcdkif;vdkh a_ym&wm/ udavomrcdkif;&if olvnf;ra_ymbl;? igvnf; olhvdkaeEdkifwmrS r[kwfao;bJ olu 'Dpum;a_ymw,f? igu[dkpum;a_ymw,f? bmxl;ao;vJvdkh ykídKvfay:tm@Hkr_yKbJ udavomudkt_ypf@+cJhaomf olwpfyg;t_ypf@+&m ra&mufawmhbl;?

rawmfwJhum,uHr+_yK&ifvnf; _yKEdkifao;vdkh_yKwmbJ? rawmfwJhpum;a_ymwm jum;vdkh&Sd&ifvnf; a_ymEdkifao;vdkha_ymwmbJ¢vdkhtm@Hk_yKvdkuf&ifvnf; olht_ypf@+&m ra&mufawmhygbl;? olwpfyg;t_ypfudk@+&if a'go_zpf&musr,f? olwpfyg;t_ypfudkr@+&if onf;cH&musr,f?um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf rusL;vGef_zpf&atmif owd&Sd_cif;owd&Sd_cif;owd&Sd_cif;owd&Sd_cif;owd&Sd_cif;? ukodkvfa&; aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;&datmif 0d&d,&Sd_cif;0d&d,&Sd_cif;0d&d,&Sd_cif;0d&d,&Sd_cif;0d&d,&Sd_cif;/ olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+_zpfatmif onf;cH_cif;onf;cH_cif;onf;cH_cif;onf;cH_cif;onf;cH_cif;? tJ'DoHk;rsKd;awmh avhusifhxm;&r,f? a,m*DwefrJheJh raumif;wJhum,uH/ 0pDuH _yKEdkifao;w,f? a,m*DwefrJheJhukodkvfaumif;r+a&;rSm ysif;&dao;w,f? a,m*DwefrJheJh olwpfyg;t_ypf @+Edkifao;w,fqdkvSsifawmh b,fawmfrSmvJ? w&m;tm;xkwfwm[m w_cm;[mr&ao;awmif tJ'Dw&m;oHk;ygudkawmh &atmifvkyfjuprf;yg?

a,m*Dqdkwm um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ rusL;vGef_zpfatmif a,m*Dqdkwm um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ rusL;vGef_zpfatmif a,m*Dqdkwm um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ rusL;vGef_zpfatmif a,m*Dqdkwm um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ rusL;vGef_zpfatmif a,m*Dqdkwm um,uH_ypf/ 0pDuH_ypf/ rusL;vGef_zpfatmifxdef;odrf;wJhxdef;odrf;wJhxdef;odrf;wJhxdef;odrf;wJhxdef;odrf;wJhÞowdowdowdowdowdß/ ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;wJh / ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;wJh / ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;wJh / ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;wJh / ukodkvfa&;aumif;r+a&;rSm rysif;wJh Þ0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,ß/olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+wJh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+wJh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+wJh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+wJh olwpfyg;t_ypfudk r@+wJh Þc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dc÷Dß/ / / / / tJ'DoHk;yg;udkawmh r&rae}udK;pm;


108 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

&r,f? c÷D wpfrsKd;uawmh udk,fhrSm pdwfcsrf;om_cif;/ pdwfqif;&J_cif;/pdwfnpf_cif; _zpfcJhaomf tJ'D pdwfrcsrf;omwm/ pdwfqif;&Jwm/ pdwfroufomwmudk a_zazsmufEdkif&r,f? trSefu pdwfrcsrf;omwm/ pdwfqif;&Jwm pdwfroufombl;qdkwm a'gre\a0'em? a'gre\a0'em[m a'goESifhuif;Ir_zpfwmajumifh ukd,fhrSm_zpfvmwJh pdwfrcsrf;omr+/ pdwfqif;&Jr+udk &ifxJrSmpdkuf yD;awmh tJ'D rcsrf;omwJhpdwfudkomzd”owdxm;ae rjumygbl;/ aysmufoGm;ygvdrfhr,f? w&m;vufv$wfxm;&ifawmh_zifh cHaya&mhbJ?

'gajumifh owdeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ c÷DeJh_ynf–pHkowdeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ c÷DeJh_ynf–pHkowdeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ c÷DeJh_ynf–pHkowdeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ c÷DeJh_ynf–pHkowdeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ 0d&d,eJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/ c÷DeJh_ynf–pHk_cif;/_cif;/_cif;/_cif;/_cif;/ 'DoHk;yg;udkawmh rarhjuygeJh? juyfjuyf owdxm;juyg?

a[m&rJhw&m;ubmvJ? Þoawm0t\owd/ oawm0y\owdß? oawm0/ owdxm;Iomv#if? t\owd/ xGufoufudk @SL.? oawm0/ owdxm;Iomv#if? y\owd/ 0ifoufudk @+duf.?bmvkyfjuovJqdk&if tmemygevkyfw,f/ tmemygevkyfvdkh&Sd&if tmemygeqdkwm bmac:ovJ? tme”u xGufav? yge”u 0ifav?(tmexGufav/ t\mo xGufav) (yge 0ifav/ y\mo 0ifav)? tJ'g owW0gawG[m yxr xGufavudk00@SL^yD;aemufrS 0ifavudk@SLaomajumifh xGufav 0ifavvdkh qdkvdkufw,f? tJ'g 0denf;tõuxmenf;? owW0gawG arG;OD;pudktajumif;_yK^yD; qdkwmbJ? okwWef tõuxmusawmh a_Amif;_yefqdk_yefw,f? (tme”u 0ifav? yge”uxGufav? t\mo”u 0ifav/ y\mo”u xGufav)? okwWeftõuxmu w&m;tm;xkwfenf;udk &nfpl; qdkwm? w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvf[m 0ifavupw,f? 0ifav@+duf yD;rS xGufavxkwfw,f?w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfrSm xGufav”u aemufrS_zpfw,f?



0ifavu OD;pGm_zpfw,f? w&m;tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfudk tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh tme 0ifav? yge xGufav? t\mo 0ifav? y\moxGufavvdkh qdk_yefw,f? 'gajumifh pum;awG@+wfaewm?

tõuxmenf; 2-enf;&Sdw,f? 0denf;tõuxmenf;tm;_zifhxGufav 0ifav? okwWef tõuxmenf;tm;_zifh 0ifav xGufav?ygVdawmfuawmh t\mo”y\mobJ ra_ymif;bl;? 'dkhvlpkawG em;r&Sif;_zpfrSmpdk;vdkh xnf–a[mvdkuf&w,f? t\mo”y\mo (0ifav/xGufav)? t\mo”y\mo(xGufav 0ifav)? ESpfenf;pvHk; [kwfw,f? wpfenf;u 0denf;? wpfenf;u okwWef? 'Dawmh t\mo”uvnf; xGufav”0ifav ESpfck&Edkifw,f? y\mo”uvnf; 0ifavxGufav ESpfck&Edkifw,f?

tJ'D xGufav”0ifavudk tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfonf waehua_ymcJhwJhtwdkif; pdwftifrwef0dwufrsm;vdkh tifrwef_yefhvGifh_cif;rsm;vdkh&Sd&if a&wGuf_cif;eJhtm;xkwf&r,f? a&wGuf_cif;uvnf; ESpfrsKd;? pyg;csiform; a&wGufenf;? EGm;ausmif;om; a&wGufenf;¢wJh?pyg;csiform;a&wGufenf;u av;w,f/ EGm;ausmif;om;a&wGufenf;u _refw,f? EGm;ausmif;om;u EGm;awGursm;awmh _ref_refa&&w,f?pyg;csiform;u wpfwif;^yD;rSwpfwif;qdkawmh aES;aES;a&&w,f?

ptm;xkwfawmh pyg;csiform;a&wGufenf;eJh xkwf? 0ifavuxif&Sm;ovm;/ xGufavu xif&Sm;ovm;? xif&Sm;wJhavudk a&wGuf? xGufavuxif&Sm;&if xGufavudk (1) vdkhrSwf? aemufwpfcg(2)/ aemufwpfcg(3)/ aemufwpfcg(4)/ aemufwpfcg(5)/ tJ'g w0g&?aemuf(1)u _yef(6) xdatmifxkwf 'gw0g&? aemuf(1)u_yef (&) xd


110 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

atmifxkwf w0g&? aemuf(1)u_yef(8) xdatmifxkwf/ aemuf(1)u_yef(9)xdatmifxkwf? aemuf(1)u_yef(10) xdatmifxkwf/ 6-0g&? 'g¢A[kokw&Sdatmifa_ymwm? w&m;uawmh udk,fxkwfaeustwdkif; xkwf?0ifavxif&Sm;wJhykídKvftzkdh *%emtm;xkwfenf;u 0ifavudk @+duf^yD;awmhrS xGufavudk@SL^yD; xkwfvdkufw,f? aemufwpfcg 0ifav rvmrcsif; (1) (1) (1)? aemufwpfcg 0ifav 0ifvmrS (2) (2) (2)?b,favmufjumaeae? aemufwpfcg 0ifrvmrcsif; ta&twGuf ra_ymif;&bl;? b,fvdkykídKvftpm;bJ_zpf_zpf tm;xkwfvdkh_zpfatmif tõuxm q&mu_yw,f? aemuftm;xkwfygrsm;vdkh tavhtusifh&vmwJhtcgusawmh xGufav”0ifav[m rSefvmw,f? rSefvmawmh EGm;ausmif;om;a&wGufenf;eJh xkwf? ( 1”2”3”4”5 ) (1”2”3”4”5”6) (1”23”4”5”6”&) (1”2”3”4”5”6”7”8) (1”2”3”4”5”6”7”8”9) (1”2”3”4”5”6”7”8”9”10)5-xufravsmhapeJh? 10-xufvnf; rwdk;apeJhwJh? oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd? qdkwJhtwdkif; owdxm;^yD;@SL? owdxm;^yD;@SKduf? xGufavudk @SL? 0ifavudk @+duf? odkhayrJh owdxm;vdkhr&bl;/pdwfuvGifhaew,f? pdwfvGifh&if (1”2”3”4”5”) *%ef;eJh a&wGuf@SL?aemuf ta&twGufrygbJeJh pdwf idrfvm^yD; pdwfu w_cm;rvGifhawmhbl;? 'Dawmh a&wGufr+ _zKwfvdkufawmh? xGufaveJhowdeJh? 0ifaveJhowdeJh? xGufav”0ifaveJhowdeJh? xGufwdkif;0ifwdkif; owdu xGufav0ifavaemufudk tpOfzGJh^yD; vdkufoGm;aomajumifh tEkAE<memenf;ac:w,f? tEk”u tpOf? AE<mem”u zGJhw,f? xGufav”0ifaveJhowdtpOfr_ywf qufpyfaewJhenf;aygh?

yxr tm;xkwfcgpawmh "nrmyu *%emenf;eJhxkwf?"n”u pyg;/ rmyu”u csifwG,fw,f? ESpfckaygif;vdkufawmh "nrmyupyg;csifwG,fenf;? aemufwpfenf;udkawmh EGm;taygif;udk wpfaumifESpfaumif oHk;aumif vdkh _ref_refa&wGufvdkh a*g*%emenf; ac:w,f?



tJ'D oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owdrSmbJ a&wGufenf;udkvkyf&r,f?

aemuf tEkAE<emenf;usawmh xGufav”0ifaveJh owdtpOfzGJhroGm;bl;vm;/ xGufav”0ifaveJhowdeJh tpOfzGJh^yD;om;wJh? tEkAE<menf;rSm ra&wGuf&bl;?

tJ'D tEkAE<emenf;uvnf; (1) at;,mOfv$JOyrm? (2) wHcg;apmifhOyrm? (3) v$wdkufOyrmvdkh oHk;rsKd;_yw,f? at;,mOfv$JOyrmu wdkifa_c&if;rSmxdkif yD;awmh at;,mOfv$JwJhol[m at;,mOf&Jh [dkbufE+wfcrf;/ 'DbufE+wfcrf;/ tv,fcsuf/ tJ'D oHk;yg;udk wpfae&mwnf;u_rif&ovdkbJ wdk;xdr+udkvnf; odw,f? xGufr+udkvnf; odw,f?0ifr+udkvnf; odw,f? tJ'D oHk;csufpvHk;odwm[m at;,mOfv$JOyrm?

wHcg;apmifhOyrmqdkwmu wHcg;apmifhaewJhol[m 0ifvmwJholudkvnf; odw,f/ xGufoGm;wJh vludkvnf;odw,f? tJ'D 0ifvmwJhvludk 0ifwJhtcdkufuav;bJ od&r,f? txJavsSmuf yD; bmvkyfw,f/b,foGm;w,fvdkh odzdkhrvdkbl;? xGufvmwJhvludkvnf; xGufwJhtckdufuav;bJ od&r,f? a&ShavsSmuf yD;awmh olb,foGm;w,f? bmvkyfw,fvdkh odzdkhrvdkbl;? 0ifwJhtcdkuf xGufwJhtcdkuf odzdkhvdkwm? ESmoD;zsm; xGufavwdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSm pdwfudkxm;? 0ifvmvnf; 0ifrSef;od? xGufoGm;vnf;xGufrSef;od? a&ShavsSmufyD;awmh xGufavaemufudkvnf; vdkufroGm;eJh? 0ifwJhavaemufvnf; vdkufroGm;eJh? ESmacgif;0udkwdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSm odae¢wJh? tJ'g wHcg;apmifhOyrmenf;?

yxrenf;u at;,mOfv$J/ 'kwd,enf;u wHcg;apmifh? wwd,enf;u v$wdkufOyrmwJh? opfwHk;udk a_rnDnDay:cs^yD; v$wdkufwJhtcg v$oGm;eJh opfwHk;eJh xd yD;awmh opfwHk;udk_zwfwJhv$oGm; b,fem;


112 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

xdw,fvdkhvnf; odw,f? v$toGm;t_yefudkvnf; odw,f? at;¢tJ'gv$qGJ Oyrmenf;bJ? tJ'D v$qGJOyrmtwdkif; 0ifavxGufav wdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSmom owdxm;? wdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSmom owdxm;vdkh&Sd&if 0ifav”xGufavudkvnf; odygw,f? xdwmudkvnf; odygw,f? at;¢tJ'g wa,m"rR ac:w,f? wdk;xdwJhae&m&,f? 0ifav&,f/ xGufav&,f/ tJ'D wa,m"rR oHk;rsKd;odrS tmemyge _ynf–pHkw,f? owduawmh wdk;xdwJhae&mrSmxm;&r,f? wdk;xdwJhae&muav;rSmxm;ayr,fvdkh owdu &ifhusufvmawmh 0ifwm&,f/ xGufwm&,f/ wdk;xdwm&,f/ oHk;csufpvHk;odaevdkh wa,m"rRenf;¢vdkhac:wm?

tEkAE<emenf;rSm yxrOyrmu at;,mOfv$J? 'kwd,OyrmuwHcg;apmifh/ wwd,Oyrmu v$wdkuf/ tJ'Dvdk OyrmoHk;rsKd;eJh _yaomfvnf; tJ'DoHk;rsKd;pvHk;od&r,f r[kwfygbl;? A[kokwtvdkhiSm odzdkh&mom a_ymwm? wpfckckeJhbJ ^yD;Edkifygw,f? pifppfawmh b,fvdkodwmudk t&if;cHxm;rvJ? wdk;xdr+rSm pdwfpdkufxm;vdkufawmh xGufava&m 0ifava&m rodEdkifbl;vm;? at;¢vkyfxHk;eJh wa,m"rR oHk;yg;vHk; odwJhtcgusawmh bm”_zpfvmr,f?

t&Snfod/ twdkod/ odvmvdrfhr,f? &SnfwJhvluvnf; &SnfrSef;odvmvdrfhr,f? wdkwJhvluvnf; wdkrSef;odvmvdrfhr,f? 'Dawmh wdk;xdwJhae&mrSm pdwfxm;? yD;awmh xGufav0ifavudk 0ifrSef;xGufrSef;vnf;odw,f? wdkrSef;&SnfrSef;vnf; odw,f? tJ'Dvdk odvmwJhtcgusawmh wcsKdhu xGufav”0ifav tpomodw,f? tv,feJhtqHk;udkrodbl;? wcsKdhu tpeJhtv,fomodw,f? tqHk;udk rodbl;? wcsKdhu tqHk;udkomodw,f? tpeJhtv,fudk rodbl;? bm_zpfvdkhvJqdkawmhowd tm;enf;aeao;vdkh? pdwfuawmh wdk;xdwJhae&mrSm pdkufxm;?



pdkufxm;&if tvkyfuw_znf;_znf;&ifhvmvdkh owdtm;aumif;vmvSsiftpa&m/ tv,fa&m/ tqHk;a&m oHk;yg;vHk;odwJht_zpf a&mufvmvdrfhr,f?

'Dawmh oHk;yg;vHk; rodrcsif;tm;xkwfr¢[JhqdkwJhpdwfeJh tm;xkwfapvdkI oAýum,yùdoHa0'D t\od\mrDwd¢vdkh a[mawmfrlwm? od=wd qdkwmbmvJ? tm;xkwfwm a_ymwm? oAýum,yùdoHa0'D/ tvHk;pHk 0ifouf”xGufouf. tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udkxif&Sm;apvsuf t\mod\mrd/ xGufoufudk @SLtHh? âwd/ Todkh?od=wd/ usifhjuHusKd;ukwftm;xkwf.? tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;odatmifqdkwJhpdwfxm;eJh &nf@G,f yD;awmh tm;xkwf&r,f? tvkyfuawmh ra_ymif;eJh? 'Doabmudk qdkvdkwm bm_zpfvdkhvJ? t\od\mrd qdkwJh }ud,meJh od=wdqdkwJh }ud,mudk axmuf&r,f? t\od\mrd/ @SLtHh[k? od=wd tm;xkwf.? tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;pvHk;odatmif rodrcsif; ig@+r,fvdkh ESvHk;oGif;^yD;awmh tm;xkwf&r,fvdkhqdkvdkwm?

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd/ qdkwJh tJ'D yxrenf;rSm a&wGufr+eJhvnf; tm;xkwf? 0ifxGufr+eJhvnf; tm;xkwf?aemuf 'DCH0gt\oa÷m/ &\H0gt\oa÷m/ qdkwJh 'kwd,enf;rSmt&Snf/ twdk od&musawmh vlutxl;vkyfae&ao;ovm;? olh[moltvdkvdk odvmwmbJ/ 'g_zifh wdk;xdr+udka&m/ twdkt&Snfudka&m/ a,m*DykídKvfu owdaumif;vm&if tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;pvHk; odEdkifavmufatmifvJ rodrcsif; igvkyfr[Jh? tav#mhray;bl;qdkwJh pdwfudk tm;wif;xkwf&r,fvdkh qdkvdkwm?

^yD;awmh y\Ý,Hum,ocFg&H t\mod\mrDwd od=wd?um,ocFg&H/ xGufav0iffavqdkwJh um,ocFg&udk? y\Ý,H/ y\Ý


114 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

,a÷m/ idrf;at;apvsuf? t\mod\mrd/ xGufoufudk @SLtHh? y\od\mrd/ 0ifoufudk @+duftHh? âwd/Todkh? od=wd/ tm;xkwf.? 'DrSmvJbJ t,ltqvdkaejuw,f? tm;xkwfvdkh t@SL_yif;wm aysmhwmrvdkbl;/ _yif;_yif;bJxkwfcsifxkwf? aysmhaysmhbJxkwfcsifxkwf? bm”qdkvdkovJqdkawmh w&m;tm;rxkwfcifu ykídKvf[m udk,f.ylyef_cif;/yifyef;_cif;/ pdwf.ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;ruif;bl;? w&m;tm;rxkwfvdkh w&m;vkH;vHk;r&SdwJhykídKvf[m (um,'&x) udk,fylyef_cif;/ ukd,fyifyef;_cif;(pdwW'&x)pdwfylyef_cif;/ pdwfyifyef;_cif; &Sdaew,f? ,ckw&m;tm;xkwfvdkh wpfv/ ESpfv/ wESpfponf_zifh jumvmawmh w&m;tm;rxkwfrDu udk,fylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;wdkh[m oufomvmw,f? at;vdkufvmw,f? tJ'g y\'<d ac:w,f? y\Ý,qdkwm y\'<d _zpfatmifvkyf&r,f?

'kwd,enf;u xGufav0ifav t&Snfod/ twdkod/ wwd,enf;u xGufav0ifavtp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk; od? 'Davmufowdaumif;^yD; pwkwÔenf;udk tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfrSm udk,f.at;îdrf;_cif;/ pdwf.at;îdrf;_cif; _zpfvmygw,f? udkf,f.at;îdrf;_cif;/pdwf.at;îdrf;_cif; _zpfwJhykídKvfeJh r_zpfwJhykídKvf b,frSmodomovJ/e*dkaeuawmh [efaqmif yD;aejuvdkh rodjubl;? tdyfaysmfwJhtcgrsKd;rSm odEdkifygw,f? pdwf.ylyef_cif;r&SdwJhykídKvfrsm;[m ukwifay:rSmxdkifvdkuf/ ukwifay:rSmvSJvdkuf/ 'Dukwif[m r_rnfbl;? tdyf,mwGefhvdrf_cif; r&Sdbl;? tdyfaysmfaewJhtcg touf@SLr_yif;bl;? ra,mifbl;/ra[mufbl;? ukwifu usKd;usKd;u|wfu|wf_rnfw,f? tdyf,mwGefhvdrf_cif; &Sdw,f? tJ'Dvdkqdk&if_zifh udk,feJhpdwf[m rat;îdrf;ao;bl;?

udk,fpdwfrîdrf;at;vdkh&Sd&if xGufav”0ifavvnf; rodrfarGhbl;? xGufav”0ifav odrfarGhwmudk touf@SL_yif;wmu _yw,f?



a,m*Dvnf;qdkao;&Jh tdyfwJhtcg ESpftdrfausmf oHk;tdrfuae^yD;awmholtouf@SLwm jum;;ae&w,f? tJ'D udk,f.ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;/pdwf.ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;awG[m îdrfat;vmawmh touf@SLodrfarGh rvmbl;vm;/ w&m;tm;xkwfwJhykídKvfqdkwm tJ'Dvdk odrfarGhvmatmif tm;xkwf&r,f? w&m;tm;xkwf&rSm _yif;_yif;r@SL&bl;? 'DvdkqdkvdkwJh oabmr[kwfbl;/ w&m;tm;xkwf&mrSm udk,fxkwfwwfovdkxkwf? _yif;_yif;@SLcsifvnf;@SL? aysmhaysmh@SLcsifvnf;@SL? yuwdae&mrSm um,'&x/ pdwW'&x ac:wJh udk,fylyef_cif;/ udk,fyifyef;_cif;/pdwfylyef_cif;/ pdwfyifyef;_cif;(4)-rsKd;[m îdrf;at;wJh taea&muf&r,f?

'gajumifh y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wd?aemufu od=wdqdkwJh }ud,mu avhusifh&r,f? tm;xkwf&r,fvdkha_ymxm;wm? 'Dawmh xkwfenf;xkwfpOfuawmh wdk;xdwJhae&mrSmpdwft^rJxm;^yD;awmh xGufav”0ifavudkbJ odae&r,f?

tJ'g yxrpwkè? yxrpwkèrSmbJ y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwf/yùdbm*edrdwfvdkh oHk;rsKd;&Sdw,f? xGufav”0ifavudkawmh y&durRedrdwfac:w,f? xGufav”0ifav rSefvmvdkh owd&ifhusufvmawmh wdk;xdwJhae&muav;uae^yD; tpOfr_ywf xGufrSef;0ifrSef;odaewJhtcgusawmh edrdwfay:vmw,f? yxr ay:vmwJhedrdwfudk Oí[edrdwf? tJ'D Oí[edrdwf[m jum&SnfrcHbl;? _AKef;ueJhay:vm^yD; aysmufoGm;wwfw,f?

tJ'D Oí[edrdwf y&durRbm0emu @kyfemrfcGJ yD; 0dy\emudkwufoGm;&if 0dy\em,meduvrf;/ tmemyge ta_ccHrsSeJh 0dy\em,meduvdkh rac:Edkifao;bl;? y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0


116 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

emu @kyfemrfcGJ yD;awmh 0dy\emwufoGm;rS 0dy\em,medu vrf;ac:Edkifw,f? tmemyge ta_ccHvkyfae&aomfvnf; 0dy\emra&mufao;bl;? orxbJ&Sdygao;w,f? tmemygeu xGufrSef;od 0ifrSef;odbJ&Sdao;w,f? tJ'D tmemygeudk y&durRedrdwfac:w,f? tmemygetm;xkwfvdkh onmtm;avsmfpGm xifvmwJhtm@Hkudk Oí[edrdwf ac:w,f? tJ'D y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0emuvnf; 0dy\emudk ul;wufEdkifwmygbJ? y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0emu 0dy\emul;wufcJhaomf 0dy\em,meduvrf;? yùdbm*edrdwfqdkwmvkyfwdkif;&w,f? xm;wdkif;aew,f? edrdwfpifju,fw,f? tJ'D yùdbm*edrdwf a&mufwJhtcgusawmh pdwfuawmh umrm0p&pdwfbJ? odkhayr,fvdkh 0dwuf/ 0dpm&/ yDwd/ okc/ {uíwm/ psmeft*Fgig;yg;u eD0&udk idrf;at;apw,f? 'gajumifh yùdbm*edrdwfay:vmwJha,m*DykídKvfrSm Oyp&psmefudk&w,fvdkh qdkvdkw,f? Oypm&psmefa&muf^yD;awmh@kyfemrfcGJwufoGm;vsSif tJ'gusawmh orx,medu vrf;ac:w,f?wcg 'DwGifruao;bl;/ tmemygevkyfenf;/ *%emenf;/ tEkAE<menf;/zkoemenf;/ Xmyemenf;&,fvdkh av;csuf&Sd&mrSm wdk;xdwmudk tm@Hk_yKwmu zkoemenf;? a&wGufwmu *%emenf;/ xGufav”0ifavudk tpOfodwmu tEkAE<memenf;?

yùdbm*edrdwfu psmefwufawmhr,fqdkawmh 'DykídKvf[m tmemygemudktm@Hk_yK^yD;awmh yùdbm*edrdwfudktm@Hk_yK? tJ'Dvdk vkyfovdk&/ xm;ovdkaewJh yxrpsmefusawmh 0dwuf/ 0dpm&/ yDwd/ okc/ {uíwm psmeft*Fgig;yg;&SdwJh tJ'Dpdwf[m umrm0p&pdwf r[kwfawmhbl;? r[íKwfpdwf ac:w,f? tJ'D r[íKwfpdwfu 0dy\em ul;wufoGm;vSsifvnf;bJ orx,meduvrf;vdkhbJ ac:w,f? 'gawG jum;zl;em;0&Sdatmif a_ymaewm? w&m;tm;xkwfawmh 'gawGtm;vHk; avsSmufvkyfaep&m rvdkbl;?



Þowd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/ vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ powd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/ vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ powd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/ vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ powd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/ vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ powd^rJ&m yxrm/ 'krSm wdk&Snfod/ vHk;pHkvif;&m wYom/ prSmîdrf;avbrSmîdrf;avbrSmîdrf;avbrSmîdrf;avbrSmîdrf;avbdß tJ'g yxrpwkè/ um,Eky\em owdyõmefa_ymwm?xGufav”0ifavonf um,mEky\emowdyõmefydkif;rSmygaomajumifhyxrpwkèudk um,mEky\emowdyõmef¢vdkhqdk&r,f?

'kwd,pwkè”uusawmh (1)yDwdyùdoHa0'D? (2)okcyùdoHa0'D?(3)pdwWocFg& yùdoHa0'D? (4)y\Ý,H pdwWocFg&H? 'Dvdk av;csuf&Sdw,f? (1)yxrpsmefrSm 0dwuf 0dpm& yDwd okc {uíwmvdkh psmeft*Fgig;yg;&Sd&mrSm yDwduxif&Sm;w,f? yxrpsmef 0ifpm;wm yDwdudkxif&Sm;apw,f? (2) yxrpsmef/ 'kwd,psmefwdkhu okcudkxif&Sm;apw,f? (3)pdwWocFg& yùdoHa0'DrSm pdwWocFg&qdkwm a0'emeJhonmudkac:w,f? tJ'D a0'emeJhonmudk xif&Sm;apw,f? (4) pwkwÔyk'fupdwWocFg&udk odrfarGhapw,f? 'kwd,pwkè av;csufrSm a0'emudktm@Hk_yK^yD; psmef0ifpm;vsSuf xGufav”0ifav @+aomajumifh 'kwd,pwkè[m a0'emEky\emowdyõmef/ yDwdyùdoHa0'D qdkayr,fvdkhyDwdrSm a0'em,SOfw,f? okcyùdoHa0'D qdkwmu a0'emudk 'g@dkufa[mwm?

pdwWocFg& yùdoHa0'Dyk'frSm-pdwWocFg&u a0'em_zpf_cif;ajumifholvnf;a0'embJ? 'gajumifh 'kwd,pwkè[m psmef0ifpm;^yD;awmha0'emEky\emudk vkyfwmbJ? ^yD;awmhrSwcg wwd,pwkèusawmh(1) pdwWyùdoHa0'D/ pdwfudk xif&Sm;apvSsuf? (2)tbdoarRm',HpdwWH/pdwfudk @$ifvef;apvsuf? (3)orm'[HpdwWH/ pdwfudkwnfjunfapvsSuf?(4)0drkwWHpdwWH/ pdwfudk eD0&%rSuif;vGwfapvsSuf qdkawmh wwd,pwkèu pdwWmEky\em/ pdwfudk xif&Sm;apvsSuf psmef0ifpm;w,f?pdwfudk yDwd okcwdkh_zifh 0rf;a_rmuf0rf;om_zpfatmif psmef0ifpm;w,f?pdwfudk wnf idrfatmif psmef0ifpm;w,f?


118 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

pdwfudk eD0&%wdkhrS uif;vGwfatmif tm;xkwfw,fqdkawmh wwd,pwkè”u psmef0ifpm;^yD;awmh pdwWmEky\emudk vkyfw,fvdkh qdkvdkw,f?

pwkwÔ pwkèusawmh (1)tedçmEky\D/ (2)0d&m*gEky\D/ (3)eda&m"m Eky\D/ (4) yùded\ígEky\D¢vdkh 0dy\emeJh r*f/ zdkvf/ ypPa0=%mudk a[mw,f? tJ'D pwkwÔpwkèusawmh oHv=%menf;/0d0wWmemenf;/ yg&dok'<denf;/ yùdy\emenf; vdkh tJ'DrSm av;csuf_yw,f? tJ'D pwkèrSm oHv=%mqdkwm 0dy\em? 0d0wWemqdkwmr*f? yg&dok'<dqdkwm zdkvf? yùdy\emqdkwm yça0=%m]m%f/ tJ'DpwkwÔpwkèrSm 0dy\em&,f/ r*f&,f/ zdkvf&,f/ yça0=%m&,f/av;csufpvHk; pHkatmif_yw,f? ygVdawmfuawmh tedçmEky\D 0d&m*gEky\D/ eda&m"gEky\D/ yùded\ígEky\D vdkh 'Dvdkqdkw,f? 'Dawmh¢pwkwÔpwkè[m owdyõmefav;yg;wdkhwGif b,f”owdyõmefxJ oGif;rvJqdkawmh "rRmEky\emowdyõmef?

(1) yxr pwkè”u um,Eky\emowdyõmef?(2) 'kwd, pwkè”u a0'emEky\emowdyõmef?(3) wwd, pwkè”u pdwWmEky\emowdyõmef?(4) pwkwÔ pwkè”u "rRmEky\emowdyõmef?

'g_zifh tmemygerSm owdyõmef (4)csufpvHk;&w,f? 'gajumifhtmemygeonf aomVo0wÔKu (16)yg;aom 0wÔK&Sdaomw&m;wJh?yxrpwkèu (4)ck? 'kwd,pwkèu (4)ck/ wwd,pwkèu (4)ck/pwkwÔpwkèu (4)ck/ 4š4vDœ16 yg;aom 0wÔK&Sdaomw&m;? 'GwWþomum&/ (32)yg; tcsif;t&m&Sdaom w&m;wJh? 'D(16)yg;rSm xGufav0ifavESpfyg;eJhaÕrmuf (32)yg;? tJ'Dawmh (16)yg;aom 0wÔK&Sdaomtmemyge/ (32)yg;aom tcsif;t&m&Sdaom tmemyge?



tJ'Dvdk tmemygeudk pcef;ukef (16)yg;vHk;odatmif tm;xkwfvdkh &[÷m_zpfaom &[ef;rsm;[m b,ftcsdefb,ftcgrSm igaor,fvdkh udk,fhtoufudkudk,f ydkif;_cm;Edkifw,f? onf–_yifw&m;eJh&[÷m_zpfwJh&[ef;rsm;usawmh ydkif;_cm;Edkifwmvnf; &Sdw,f? rydkif;_cm;Edkifwmvnf;&Sdw,f? oD[dkVfu|ef;u wd\”trnf&dSaom rax&f}uD;wpfyg;[m wefaqmifrkef;v_ynf–aeh/ oHCmawmftrsm;eJhausmif;rSm Oykof_yK^yD;awmh_yefvmwJhtcg va&mifuvnf; tifrwefrS junfvif/ ausmif;0if;uvnf; oJ_yif&Sdaeawmh 'DoJ_yifudk va&mifuav;uxdk;vdkh aiG_ym;cif;xm;ouJhodkh ausmif;0dkif;u om,maew,f? tJ'DtcgrSm Oykof_yK&mu _yefvm^yD;awmh 'Dausmif;0dkif;uav; junf–vdkufwJhtcg/ atmf'D va&mifuvnf; junfvdkufwm¢[Jh¢? 'DoJ_yifuav;awGuvnf;va&mifuav;xdk;vdkh w0if;0if;eJh aiG_ym;awG cif;xm;ovdkbJ? 'Djoumoavmu}uD;[m w,f yD;om,myguvm;? 'Davmufom,mwJh'Djoumo avmu}uD;twGif;rSm ig b,favmufae&tHk;rSmvJvdkh olhtoufudk ol_yef yD;@+vkdufawmh tm,kocFg& ukefae^yD? tckbJ y&dedAýmefpH&awmhr,f? ckbJ y&dedAýmefpH&awmhrSmodawmh wHk;acguf yD;awmhoHCmpnf;a0;w,f? wHk;acgufvdkufawmh oHCmawGjuGvmju^yD; b,ftajumif;ygvJ¢bk&m;? igh&Sifwdkh ig”rae&awmhbl;? ig”y&dedAýmef_yK&awmhr,f? udkif;¢xl;xl;qef;qef; ig_ycJh&rSmaygh? y&dedAýmefpHw,fqdkwm igh&Sifwdkh b,fvdky&dedAýmefpHwm awGhbl;cJhjuovJ? wcsKdhuvnf;xdkifvsufpHwm awGhygw,f? wcsKdhuawmh tdyfvsufpHwm awGhzl;ygw,f? wcsKdhuawmh aumif;uifrSmpHwm awGhzl;ygw,f? trsKd;rsKd;a_ymjuw,f? p}uÙavsSmuf&if; y&dedAýmefpHwmrsm; igh&SifwdkhawGhzl;ju&Jhvm;?rawGhzl;ygbl;? udkif;¢'g_zifh igp}uÙavsSmuf&if; y&dedAýmefpH_yr,f p}uÙudkawmifa0S;eJh a&;_cpf yD;awmhrS xdkp}uÙOD;a&mufatmifavsSmufoGm;w,f?p}uÙOD; avsSmufoGm;^yD;awmhrS _yefvmwJhtcg _cpfxm;wJhta&;vnf;a_cwpfzufeif;rda&m y&dedAýmefvnf; pHoGm;a&m?


120 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ao&rJhtcsdeftcgudk tmemygeeJh &[ef;_zpfwJh&[ef;u tJ'Davmuf ydkif;_cm;Edkifw,f? tmemygetqHk; b,fESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f? tmemygetqHk;u (1) b0tqHk;? (2) psmeftqHk;? (3) pkwdpdwftqHk; vdkhtmemygetqHk; oHk;rsKd;&Sdw,f?

(1) b0tqHk;u umrbHkrSmqHk;w,f? txuf_A[RmbHkrSm tmemyge r&Sdbl;? tmemygeqdkwm umrbHkrSm ,kwfnH–wJhowW0grSmom&Sdw,f? tmemygeonf bHktm;_zifh umrbHkrSmqHk;w,f?

(2) psmeftqHk;u pwkwÔpsmefrSm qHk;w,f? yxrpsmef/ 'kwd,psmef/ wwd,psmef0ifpm;wJhykídKvfawG[m tmemyge&Sdao;w,f? rqHk;ao;bl;? pwkwÔpsmefrSm tmemyger&Sdawmhbl;? psmeftm;_zifh pwkwÔpsmefrSmqHk;w,f?

(3) tmemygeonf pdwftm;_zifh pkwdrSmqHk;w,fwJh? aovnf;ao tmemygevnf;csKyf? aowJhvltouf&Sdao;vm;? r&Sdawmhbl;?'g_zifh tmemyge[m pkwdrSmqHk;w,f?

tJ'Dawmh p&druoHk;yg;vHk;wGif ck”tmemygeeJh&[÷m_zpfvdkhp&druudk odw,fqdkwm[m pkwdtqHk;&SdwJh tmemygeudkodwm/ b,fvdkodovJ/ ighpdwfonf b,ftcgrSm pkwdpdwfusrvJvdkh pkwdpdwfusrJhtcsdeftcgudk ydkif;_cm;Edkifw,f? tJ'g tmemygeeJh&[÷m_zpfaom &[÷mudkcsD;rGrf;wJhpum;? tmemygeeJh &[÷m_zpfwJhykídKvfrsm;[m olrsm;ra_ymayrJh olaorJhtcsdefudk olydkif;_cm;od yD;om; _zpfaomajumifh acgif;&dwfxm;w,f? ouFef;vnf; aumif;pGm0wfxm;w,f? olh[mol tdyf,m_yifw,f? olh[mol vSJtdyfw,f/ b,folrS tavmif;_yifray;&bl;wJh? tmemygeeJh &[÷m_zpfwJhykídKvfrsm;[m aorSm apmapmuwJ



uyif wiful;odw,f? apmapmu aorSmwiful;^yD;odawmh b,fvdkaerSmvJ/ 0rf;omrSmaygh/ bm_yKvdkhvJ/ y&dedAýmef pH&awmhr,f? îdrf;at;&awmhr,f? &[÷mykídKvfwdkhrnfonf cE<mig;yg;@Gufaqmifae&wm (bm&m-[a0 yó=E<m) wJh? cE<mig;yg;[m tifrwef 0efav;w,f? cE<mwpfyg;wpfyg; @Gufxm;&wm _rifhrdk&fawmif}uD; acgif;ay:@Gufxm;&wmavmuf 0efav;wm/ cE<m0ef}uD; ig”ypfcs&awmhr,f/ igtEkyg'daoo y&dedAýmefpH&awmhr,fqdk yD; y&dedAýmefpHcgeD;rSm rajumufwJht_yif 0rf;awmifomao;wm? tmemygeeJhw&m;&juwJh udk,fawmf_rwfawG[m tJ'Dvdk y&dedAýmefpH&rJhtcsdeftcgudk ydkif;_cm;EdkifwJhykídKvfawGbJ? 'Dawmh tmemyge[m wpfyg;aomw&m;awGxuf rGef_rwfw,f?wpfyg;aomw&m;awGxuf odrfarGhw,f/ tifrwefrGef_rwfwJh bk&m;yaçuAk'<g t&d,mom0uwdkh.tvkyf_zpfw,f? b,fw&m;eJhrS rwlbl;? tmemygeeJh _zpfEdkif&if taumif;qHk;bJvdkh tmemygeudkcsD;rGrf;^yD;awmh a[mwJhw&m;aygh?

'gajumifh tmemygetvkyfudk }udK;pm;I tm;xkwfEdkifjuygapukefownf;?

om"k-om"k-om"kygbk&m;?®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®

t&m&m onf;cH(raemuH)/r*Fvm&Sdatmifae(um,uH)/olwpfyg;udk rykwfcwfeJh(0pDuH)(udk,fr[kwfwmvkyfwm udk,ftodqHk;)



122 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufwGif1331-ckESpf/ awmfovif;vuG,faehYaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wDq&mawmfbk&m;}uD;

a[mjum;awmfrltyfaom{um'or t}udrfa_rmuf

r[mowdyõmef w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmef w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmef w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmef w&m;awmfr[mowdyõmef w&m;awmf

rkó yka& rkó yðawm/ raZñ rkó b0\ yg&*l?oAýwÔ 0drkwWrmeaom/ eykeH ZmwdZ&H Oay[Dwd?

yka&/ a&S;a&S;tcgu_zpfcJhaom @kyfemrfcE<mtaygif;Y? tmv,H/ wG,fwm_cif; w%Smudk? rkó/ pGefhv$wfI ypfvdkufavmh? yðawm/aemufaemiftcgY _zpfvwWHhaom cE<mig;0 @kyfemrfavmuY? tmv,H/ wG,fwm_cif;w%Smudk? rkó/ pGefhv$wfI ypfvdkufavmh? raZñ/ tv,facgifY_zpfIaeaom cE<mig;0 @kyfemrfavmuY? tmv,H/ wG,fwm_cif;udk? rkó/ pGefhv$wfIypfvdkufavmh? {0H/ Todkh_zpf yD;cE<m/ _zpfqJcE<m/ _zpfvwWhHcE<mwdkhY wG,fwmr+udk pGefhv$wfonf&Sdaomf? b0\yg&*l/ b0oHk;yg;.tqHk;odkh oçmav;yg;_zifha&mufonf_zpfI? oAýwWtvHk;pHkaom ocFww&m;Y? 0drkwWrmeaom/ uif;vGwfaompdwf &Sdonf_zpfI? 0d[&a÷m/ aeEdkifonf&Sdaomf? ZmwdZ&H/ yùdoaE<ae_cif;tdk_cif;odkh? eOay[dwd/ ra&muf&awmhvwWHhwnf;?


[dk¢a&S;a&S;u_zpfcJhwJh cE<mawGudkvnf; rwG,fwmeJh? _yef yD;pOf;pm;raeeJh/ pGefhv$wfvdkuf? a&S;a&S;u _zpfcJh^yD;wJhcE<mawGukd _yefvnfpOf;pm;^yD;awmh wG,fwmae&ifvnf;bJ tydkbJ? aemif¢_zpfvwWHhcE<mawGudkvnf; vSrf;^yD;awmh rwG,fwmeJh? ,ck_zpfqJcE<mtay:rSmvnf; rwG,fwmeJh? w%Smudk y,fvdkuf? twdwfcE<mrSm wG,fwmwJhw%Smudkvnf; y,fypfvdkuf? tem*wf _zpfvwWHhcE<mudk wG,fwmwJhw%Smudkvnf; y,fypfvdkuf? ,ck_zpfqJ yçKyefcE<may:Y wG,fwmwJh w%Smudkvnf; y,fypfvdkuf? twdwfcE<m/ tem*wfcE<m/ yçKyefcE<m/ tm;vHk;aomcE<mwdkhY wG,fwmaomw%Smudk y,fEdkifcJhonf&Sdaomf umrb0/ @lyb0/ t@lyb0 wnf;[laom bHkoHk;yg;.tqHk;odkh'k=oçmudkydkif;_cm;I od_cif;? ork',oçmudk y,f_cif;? eda&m"opPmudk rsufarSmuf_yK_cif;? ríoçmudkyGm;rsm;_cif; [laom r*fw&m;_zifhqdkufa&mufI oGm;vdrfhr,f?

bHk(3)yg;/ b0(3)yg;rS vGwfa_rmufIoGm;wm[m oçmav;yg;eJhuif;vdkh roGm;Edkifbl;? 'k=udk ydkif;_cm;_cif;? ork',udk y,f_cif;? eda&m"odkh qdkufa&muf_cif;? ríudk_zpfyGm;atmif tm;xkwf_cif;? tJ'Dav;yg;eJhrSomvsSif umrbHk/ @lybHk/ t@lybHk/ umrb0/ @lyb0/ t@lyb0[laom bHkb0awGrS vGwfa_rmufEdkifjur,f?

'g_zifh omoemawmf[m bm”vdk&if;vJ? oçmodzdkh vdk&if;?oçmodzdkhvdk&if;qdkawmh oçmu 'k=oçm/ ork',oçm/ eda&m"opPm/ríoçm? tJ'D 'k=ooçmudk odcsifw,f? ork',oçmudk y,fcsifw,f/ eda&m"oçmudk qdkufa&mufcsifw,fqdkawmh ríudk yGm;atmifvkyf&r,f? 'Dawmh rí”u tusOf;csKyftm;_zifh oDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynm?ynm? tJ'D (3)yg;[m ríbJ? 'Dawmh oDvpdwf/ orm"dpdwf/ ynmpdwfbJvdkh tusOf;csKyftm;_zifh rSwfvdkufju?

({um'or)r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 123


124 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

t_ypfuif;wJhpdwfonf oDv? îdrfoufwJhpdwfonf orm"d?trSefowJhpdwfonf ynm? 'g_zifh t_ypfuif;wJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/trSefodwJhpdwf &wJhtcgusawmh xdkykídKvf.o÷mefrSm ríoçm _zpfyGm;vm^yD? wpfckcsif;om a_ymae&w,f? trSefuawmh tukefvHk;wpfaygif;wnf;_zpfw,f? t_ypfuif;wJhpdwf&&if îdrfoufwJhpdwf&wmbJ?îdrfoufwJhpdwf&&if trSefodwJhpdwf&wmbJ?

'Dawmh t_ypfuif;wJhpdwfu,f? îdrfoufwJhpdwfu,f? trSefodwJhpdwfu,f wpfckpDqdkayr,fvdkh _zpfwJhtcgusawmh w^ydifeuf twlwuG_zpfw,f? tJ'D (3) yg;wpfaygif;wnf; w^ydKufeuf twlwuGr_zpfao;&if r[kwfao;bl;? oDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmoDv/ orm"d/ ynmqdkwJh t_ypfuif;t_ypfuif;t_ypfuif;t_ypfuif;t_ypfuif;wJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/ trSefodwJhpdwwJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/ trSefodwJhpdwwJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/ trSefodwJhpdwwJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/ trSefodwJhpdwwJhpdwf/ îdrfoufwJhpdwf/ trSefodwJhpdwf &atmif tmemygetp&Sdaom xdkxdkurRõmef;udk tm;xkwfapvdkI Þoawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owdß vdkh a[mawmfrlwm? ptm;xkwfwJh ta_ccHwnfcgp/ tm;xkwfcgp a,m*DykídKvfonf oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif?t\owd/ xGufoufudk @+.? oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif? y\owd/ 0ifoufudk @+duf.? xGufouf@SLwdkif;@SLwdkif; owdxm;? 0ifouf@+dufwdkif;@+dufwdkif; owdxm;? onf–_yif bm”t"dyg,fvdkao;ovJ? 'gudkbJ qdkvdkwm? 'g_zifh p”tm;xkwfwJha,m*DykídKvfu xGufvdkhxGufrSef;od/0ifvdkh0ifrSef;od&if ygVdawmftwdkif; udkufrvmbl;vm;?

tmemygexdkif@+aewJh ykídKvfu xGufvdkhrSxGufrSef;rodbl;?0ifvdkhrS 0ifrSef;rodbl;vdkh r_zpfEdkifygbl;? tJ'D xGufav 0ifavudkrSodrfarGhaevdkh rodbl;qdk&if tm;xkwfr+ Asmyg&pdkuf yD;awmh @SLvdkuf&ifxGuf&ifxGufrSef;odr,f? 0if&if0ifrSef;odr,f? tJ'g tmemygetp ta_ccH vkyfxHk;bJ? bmrSrod&ifaeayap? tJ'gudkbJ pGJpGJ rJ rJvkyf? 0if&if 0ifrSef;od/ xGuf&if xGufrSef;od? 0ifwdkif; 0ifwdkif; owdxm;?


Þoawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owdßqdkwJh ygVdawmf&Jht"dyg,faemf?

'g_zifh xGufav@SLwdkif;@SLwdkif;? 0ifav@+dufwdkif;@+dufwdkif; owdxm;vdkh owdtm;aumif;vm&if olbm_zpfvmrvJ? 'DC/ &\/ &SnfwJhxGufav”0ifavudk odvmvdrfhr,f? wdkwJhxGufav”0ifavudk odvmvdrfhr,f?

'DCH 0g t\oa÷m 'DCH t\omrDwd yZmemwd? at;¢'Dusawmh yZmemwdygvmw,f? [dkwkef;uawmh yZmemwdrygbl;? [dkwkef;uawmh 0if&ifowdxm;? xGuf&ifowdxm; 'gbJ? 'DrSm yZmemwdygvmawmh b,fvdkt"dyg,f_zpfvmovJ? xGufav&Snf&if &SnfrSef;od/0ifav&Snf&if &SnfrSef;od? xGufavwdk&if wdkrSef;od/ 0ifavwdk&ifwdkrSef;od? owd&ifhusufvmawmh wdk-wdkrSef;od/ &Snf-&SnfrSef;od _zpfrvmbl;vm;? 'g wqifhwufvmwmaygh?

[dk yxruawmh y&duH”ta_ccHvkyfwm wqifhwufvmvdkhwdk-wdkrSef;od/ &Snf-&SnfrSef;odwJhtaeusawmh ukd,fuajumifhusrpdkuf&awmhbl;? owdtm;aumif;vm^yD? olh[mol tvdkvdkodvmwm? &SnfrSef;/ wdkrSef; tvdkvdkod yD;wJhaemufrS oAýum,yùdoHa0'D/ y\Ý,Hum,ocFg&Hvdkh wqifhwufvmw,f? 'Dawmh yxrpwkèrSm wdkwdkrSwfzdkhu oawm0 (1)/ 'DC-&\ (1)/ oAýum,H(1)/ y\Ý,H(1)/at;¢ tJ'g yxrpwkè 4 csufbJ? 'DCqdkwm t&Snf? &\qdkwmtwdk? oAýum,qdkwm xGufav 0ifavtaygif;? xGufav 0ifavtaygif;qdkawmh xGufav. tp/ tv,f/ tqHk;? 0ifav. tp/tv,f/ tqHk;? tJ'DoHk;yg;udk odatmifavhusifhapvdkI yZmemwdvdkh



126 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ra[mbJ od=wd vdkha[mawmfrlw,f? ygVdawmfu oAýum,yùdoHa0'D t\od\mrDwd od=wdwJh? od=wd t"dyg,fuawmh avhusifh&r,f? tm;xkwf&r,f?

b,fvdk avhusifh b,fvdktm;xkwf&rvJ? &Snfwm&SnfrSef;od/wdkwmwkdrSef;od? 0ifwdkif;0ifwdkif;owdxm;? xGufwdkif;xGufwdkif; owdxm;? tJ'gudkom r_ywfvkyfae¢wJh? tJ'gudkom r_ywfvkyfaeawmhbm_zpfvmrvJ? tpa&m/ tv,fa&m/ tqHk;a&m (3) yg;pvHk; odwJht_zpfudk a&mufvmygvdrfhr,f? od=wd t"dyg,fuawmh oHk;yg;vHk;odwJht_zpfudkra&mufr_cif; avhusifhygwJh? avhusifhygqdkwmu t^rJr_ywf tm;xkwfyg? 'gudk a_ymwm?

owdu tm;ao;”ao;awmh wcsKdhu tv,fomodw,f? tpeJhtqHk;udk rodbl;? wcsKdhu tv,fomodw,f/ tpeJhtqHk;udk rodbl;? wcsKdhu tqHk;udkodw,f? tpeJhtv,fudk rodbl;? tpa&m/ tv,fa&m/ tqHk;a&m (3) yg;vHk;odwJht_zpfa&mufatmif avhusifhyg?'gvnf; od=wdbJ?

'DrSm avhusifhr+ enf;enf;rSm;aejuw,f? tpa&m/ tv,fa&m/tqHk;a&m oHk;ygvHk;odatmifqdk yD;awmh ESmoD;zsm;uae^yD; 0ifav 0ifoGm;wmvdkufoGm;a&m csufxdatmif? csufwdkifuae^yD;awmh xGufavxGufoGm;wm vdkufoGm;a&m? ESmacgif;0a&mufatmif xGufav 0ifaveJh 'DvdkpdwfeJh uyfrvdkufeJh? pdwfuawmh ESmoD;0rSmbJxm;? pdwfu ESmoD;0rSmxm;vdkh&Sd&if xGufav0ifavudk odraebl;vm;? xGufav0ifavudkodaevdkh owdu&ifhoxuf&ifh vmawmhrS xGufav0ifav.tp tv,f tqHk; (3)yg;vHk; olh[molodvmvdrfhr,f? pmeJhvkyfxHk;eJhudkufzdkh&m rvG,fbl;? pmoufoufqdk&ifawmh vkyfxHk;rusifvnf&if



awmh tcufbJaemf? tJ'g^yD;rS wqifhwufvdkufawmh pwkwÔtcsufuy\Ý,/ pmutpOftwdkif;a&;xm;awmh pmqdkovdk wpfck yD;rSwpfck_zpf&vdrfhr,fvdkh pmwwfwJhvluxifaew,f? 'Dvdkr[kwfbl;? tvkyfvkyfwJhykídKvfrSm tajumif;tm;avsmfpGm _zpfvdrfhr,f? tp tv,ftqHk; (3)yg;vHk; rodcifubJ udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.îdrf;at;_cif;/&csifvnf;&Edkifw,f? tp tv,f tqHk;(3)yg;rS rodao;bJeJh udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.îdrf;at;_cif;r&Edkifbl;vdkh 'Dvdkr[kwfbl;? um,'&x/ udk,fylyef_cif;? pdwW'&x/ pdwfylyef_cif;? owW0gwdkh. yuwdudk,f/ yuwdpdwfonf ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;&Sdw,f?

owW0gwdkh. yuwdudk,f/ yuwdpdwf[m ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;bm_zpfvdkh &Sd&ovJ? arG;uwJu ylyefr+/ yifyef;r+awGcsnf; avsSmufvkyfae&wm r&SdbJ cHEdkifyghrvm;? r&Sd&if_zifh 'Dudk,feJh'Dpdwf[m îdrf;at;csrf;omrSmaygh? bmrSrodvdkh tdyfaysmfaeayr,fvdkh 'Dudk,fujurf;wrf;wmbJ? 'Dpdwfujurf;wrf;wmbJ? udk,fjurf;wm pdwfjurf;wmb,fvdkodr,f/ tdyfaysmfwJhtcg touf@SL_yif;w,f a,mifw,f/ a[mufw,f/ îD;w,f/ tdyfaysmfvsSif 'DoabmawG _zpfvmw,f? tJ'g ukd,fjurf;wrf;r+ pdwfjurf;wrf;r+u vmwm? udk,fyifyef;r+u vmwm?

tmemygetvkyf jum&SnfpGJvkyfvmwJhtcgusawmh udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.at;îdrf;_cif;/ y\Ý, qdkwm_zpfvmvdrfhr,f? bm_zpfvdkh _zpfvmygvdrfh? udk,f.ylyef_cif;/ udk,f.yifyef;_cif;/ pdwf.ylyef_cif;/ pdwf.yifyef;_cif;wdkhu aysmufukefrSudk;? aysmufukefawmh 'Dudk,f[m El;nHhodrfarGh_cif;/ îdrf;at;_cif; _zpfvmw,f? udk,fa&mpdwfa&mEl;nHh_cif;/ odrfarGh_cif;/ idrfat;_cif; _zpfvmwJhvl&Jh touf@SLwm[mycHk;ESpfbufjum; acgif;aygufwJhvlcsif;wlayrJh touf@SLcsif; rwlygbl;wJh? touf@SLcsif;uGJygw,f?


128 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

pD;yGm;a&;tqifra_ywJh pufolaõ;wdkh/ bmwdkh/ nmwdkh/ a_ymygawmhav? wcgwav ESmacgif;eJhrqefhvdkh yg;pyfeJh[”@SL&w,f? tJ'gbmajumifhvJ? orm"dr&Sdvdkh? orm"d&SdaewJh a,m*DykídKvfusawmhodrfodrfarGharGhaemf?

touf@SLodrfarGhwm[m v=%mawmf 80-xJrSmwpfyg;tygt0if? v=%mawmf 80-xJ b,fvdkygw,f? b*0g/ bkef;awmf}uD;rm; _rwfbk&m;onf? okckrt\mo y\maom/ ouf@SLrxif tvGefyifodrfarGhaom xGufouf”0ifouf &Sdawmfrlygay.? bk&m;udk,fawmf_rwf yuwdtaerSm touf@SLw,fvdkhawmif rxif&bl;? b,favmufodrfarGhovJ? bk&m;udk,fawmf_rwfu ESmacgif;eJhrqefhvdkh yg;pyfu[”@SL&w,fvdkhrsm; &Sdyghrvm;? bm&SdrvJ olhrSm pufrSrwnfbJudk;?

tJ'Dawmh um,'&x/ udk,fylyef_cif;/ ukd,fyifyef;_cif;/ pdwW'&x/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ pdwfyifyef;_cif;&Sd&if xGufav”0ifavjurf;w,f?xGufav”0ifavrsm;w,f? udkif;¢tmemygetvkyfudk ESpf&Snfvrsm;vkyfvmvdkh udk,fylyef_cif;/ ukd,fyifyef;_cif;/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ pdwfyifyef;_cif;wdkh[m wa_z;a_z; avsmhavsmhoGm;^yD;/ tnpftaju; pifpifoGm;awmhbmeJhwlovJ? roefhwJh aju;wdkh/ cJwdkh xdk;xm;wJhzdkvfxJudk a@$xnf–^yD;xdk;prf;/ 'Da@$[m csuf_cif; tnpftaju;uyfw,f? uyfvsSif 'Da@$[m ta&miftqif; aumif;tHk;rvm;? tom;uaum aysmha_ymif;ygtHk;rvm;? ta&miftqif;uvnf;raumif;/ tom;uvnf; raysmha_ymif;awmh 'Da@$[m vkyfcsifwJhvuf0wfwefqm ykwD;/ em;aämif;vkyfvdkhaum _zpfyghrvm;? r_zpfawmhbl;?

'g_zifh 'Da@$udkc|wfypfvdkuf/ bmeJhc|wf&rvJ? uefheJhayguf yD;xdk;ypf&w,f? aps;xJu uefh0,f/ tr+efhaxmif;^yD;awmh uefheJhayguf



^yD; xdk;ypfvdkufawmh tnpftaju;awG tukefvHk;xGufoGm;a&m/ 'gtíd,orm;a_ymwJhpum;? tJ'Da@$csnf;usefvdkh tnpftaju;r&SdwJhtcgusawmh 'Da@$[m udk,fvkyfovdk&w,f? ta&miftqif;uvnf;aumif;w,f? tom;vnf;nufanmw,f? aysmha_ymif;w,f? ykwD;/em;aämif;ponfwdkhudkvnf; vdkovdkvkyfvdkh&w,f?

owW0gwdkh. udk,fpdwf[m a&$eJhwlw,f? tnpftaju;uyfaeao;&if udk,fvkyfovdk r&awmhbl;? 'g_zifh tmemygeESmacgif;zdk xdk;ygrsm;vdkh tnpftaju;uif;pifoGm;^yDqdkygawmh/ ESmacgif;zdk xdk;ygrsm;vdkh tvdkvdk udk,fa&mpdwfa&m _zLpifoGm;wJhtcgusawmh¢ y\Ý,_zpfvmw,f? tmemygetvkyfrSm y"me&,f/ ya,m*&,f/ 0daoo&,fvdkh (3)rsKd;&Sdw,faemf? y"meqdkwm vkyfovdk_zpfw,f? tr+Ycefhw,f/ya,m*qdkwm vkyfw,f/ }udK;pm;w,f? 0daooqdkwm vkyfovdk tusKd;xl;ay:vmw,f? vkyfovdktusKd;&wmu 0daoo? vkyfwmuya,m*/ vkyfovdk_zpfwmu y"meaemf? 'Dawmh tmemyge juyfjuyfvkyfygrsm;vmawmh tmemyge tavhtusifhtm;&SdvmwJh a,m*DrSmudk,f.oefh&Sif;_cif;/ pdwf.oefh&Sif;_cif;_zpfvmw,f? tJ'Dusawmh tmemyge[m vkyfcsifovdk _zpfw,f? bm_zpfvdkhvJ? udk,fwdkh pdwfwdkhuîdrf;csrf;oGm;vdkhaygh? udk,fjurf;ao;vdkh pdwfjurf;ao;vdkh tmemygevkyfovdkr_zpf&if _zpfovdkbJvkyfyg? vkyfovdk_zpfwmeJh _zpfovdkvkyfwmoabmaygufuJhvm;? aemiftcsKd;usoGm;wJhtcgusawmh udk,fvkyfovdk_zpfvmvdrfhr,f? odrfodrfarGharGhvkyfcsifvnf;&r,f? jurf;jurf;wrf;wrf; vkyfcsifvnf;&r,f? aemufqHk;ydwf y\Ý,[m tusKd;rSmvdk&if;/udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf. at;îdrf;_cif;/ _zpfoGm;&if tmemygetvkyfrSmivHk;*sifEdkifovdk udk,fvkyfcsifovdk vkyfayawmh?


tJ'Dvdk pmutpOftwdkif;a&;xm;awmh tpOftwdkif;_zpf&r,fvdkh pmzwfwJhykídKvfu xifr,f? xifayrJhvdkh r[kwfbl;? vkyfomvkyf?bmvkyf&rvJ? 0ifowdxm;/ xGufowdxm;/ 'gbJvkyf? 0if owdxm;/xGuf owdxm; 'gbJvkyfae&if awmfawmfjumawmh t&Snfod/ twdkod/ odvmvdrfhr,f? tJ'Dvdk odvm&ifvnf; udk,f[mudk,fodyg^yD? iga&S;ueJhrwlawmhbl;? ck igodrfarGhvm^yDvdkh odEdkifygw,f? tJ'g yxrpwkè ac:w,f?

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd”[m tmemygeta_cwnfwm y&duHac:w,f? tJ'D oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd ygVdudkta_ccHxm;^yD; 'DC› &\” oAýum,” y\Ý, vdkhyxrpwkèrSm 4 csuf&Sdw,f? 'DC-t&Snf/ &\-twdk/ oAýum,-tp tv,f tqHk; tvHk;pHk xGufouf 0ifouftaygif;? y\Ý,qdkwm udk,fa&mpdwfa&m îdrf;csrf;r+/ junfvifr+/ pifju,fr+/ udk,fa&mpdwfa&m idrf;csrf;w,f/ junfvifw,f/ pifju,fw,f qdk&ifawmh'Da,m*D a&ShoGm;csifwdkif;oGm;a&m/ orxvrf; oGm;&ifvnf; Oí[edrdwf/ yùdbm*edrdwfeJh oGm;ayawmh? orxvrf;oGm;&ifvnf; vG,f^yD?

aemuf 'kwd,pwkèusawmh yDwd/ okc/ pdwWocFg&/ yDwduwpfck/ okcuwpfck/ pdwWocFg&u a0'emonm ESpfck/ yxru yDwdxif&Sm;atmif/ 'kwd,u okcxif&Sm;atmif/ wwd,u pdwWocFg&ac:wJh a0'emonm xif&Sm;atmif pwkwÔusawmh pdwWocFg& ac:wJh a0'emonm odrfarGhatmif pdwWocFg&u ESpfrsKd;/ yxru xif&Sm;atmif/ 'kwd,u odrfarGhatmif tJ'Dvdkpsmef0ifpm;^yD;awmh touf@SLw,fwJh? ckpsmefa&muf yD/ psmefa&mufaeawmh vdkwdkif;&vdkh a&mufw,f r[kwfvm;? vdkwdkif;&vdkh vkyfwdkif;_zpfvdkh psmefa&mufaewJhtcg

130 a0VK0wD 0dy\em



usawmh yDwdxif&Sm;atmif psmef0ifpm;? okcxif&Sm;atmif psmef0ifpm;? pdwWocFg&ac:wJh a0'emxif&Sm;atmif psmef0ifpm;? pdwWocFg&ac:wJh a0'emonm odrfarGhatmif psmef0ifpm;? yxrpsmef0ifpm;wJh'kwd,av;csufudk 'kwd,pwkèac:w,f? tJ'D yDwd/ okc/ pdwWocFg&&awGudk tm@Hk_yK^yD;awmhpsmef0ifpm;&if a0'emEky\em tvkyfudkvkyfw,fvdkh ac:w,f?

yDwd ESpfouf_cif;qdk&if okca0'emESifhuif;rvm;? yDwdqdk&ifvnf; okca0'embJ/ a0'emonm xif&Sm;ap&r,fqdkvnf; a0'embJ?a0'emonm odrfarGhap&r,fqdk&ifvnf; a0'embJ? 'D'kwd,pwkè4-csufpvHk;[m a0'emEky\em owdyõmef_zpfatmif psmef0ifpm;wmwJh?

aemuf wwd,pwkèusawmh pdwWyùdoHa0'D/ pdwfudk xif&Sm;atmif/ tbdyarm',HpdwWH/ pdwfudk ESpfoufatmif/ 0rf;a_rmufatmif?orm'[HpdwHW/ pdwfudk idrfoufatmif/ 0drkwWHpdwWH/ pdwfudk udavomrSvGwfatmif tJ'Dvdk&nf@G,f yD; pdwfxif&Sm;atmif/ pdwfESpfoufatmif/pdwfwnfjunfatmif/ pdwfudavomrS uif;vGwfatmif/ tJ'Dpdwf 4-csufudk tm@Hk_yK^yD;psmef0ifpm;awmh pdwWmEky\emac:w,f?

'Dawmh yxrpwkèu orm"dudkxlaxmifw,f? 'kwd,pwkèu a0'emEky\em_zpfatmif psmef0ifpm;w,f? wwd,pwkè”u pdwWmEky\em_zpfatmif psmef0ifpm;w,f? tJ'Dpwkè(3)ck yD;awmhrS aemufqHk;ydwf pwkè”u 0dy\emwufzdkh tedç/ 0d&m*/ eda&m"/ yùded\ívdkh 'Dvdk 4-csufa[mw,f?


132 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tedçm Eky\D t\od\mrDwd od=wd?0d&m*g Eky\D t\od\mrDwd od=wd?eda&m"m Eky\D t\od\mrDwd od=wd?yùdedoíg Eky\D t\od\mrDwd od=wd?

pwkwÔpwkèusawmh 0dy\em]m%feJh r*f]m%fwGJa[moGm;w,f? pwkwÔpwkèrSm 0dy\em]m%feJh r*f]m%fa&muf yD;awmh w&m;tm;xkwfaewJha,m*DykídKvf[m "rRmEky\emowdyõmef a&mufae^yD?t&ifOykofwkef;u pum;av;[m r&Sif;wwfvdkh¢

yxrpwkè'kwd,pwkèwwd,pwkèpwkwÔpwkè vdkh 4-csufr[kwfvm;?

4š4vDœ16/ at;¢¢tmemyge[m aomVo0wÔKu 16-yg;aom 0wÔK&Sdaomtvkyfvdkh 'Dvdkqdkvdkw,f? 16-yg;aom 0wÔK&Sdaomtvkyfudk psmeform"da&mufatmif tm;xkwf^yD;rS 0dy\emul;&iforx,meduvrf;/ psmeform"da&mufatmif tm;rxkwfbJeJh y&durRorm"d y&durRedrdwfu_zpfap/ y&durRedrdwf Oí[edrdwfu _zpfapul;vsSif 0dy\em,meduvrf;? xGufav”0ifavudk y&durRedrdwfac:w,f? tJ'D xGufav”0ifavudk@SLwJh orm"dudk y&durRorm"d ac:w,f? tmemygeedrdwfudk Oí[edrdwfac:w,f? tJ'D y&durRorm"d”uae^yD; cE<mudk,ftZñwWudkpdkuf yD;awmh 0dy\emwufoGm;&if 0dy\em,meduvrf; ac:w,f? tmemygeuaewufwJh 0dy\em/ psmefuaewufwJh 0dy\emvdkh (2)rsKd;rSwf?


ckawmh psmefxdatmif vkyfvdkhr&jubl;? udavomuxla_ymw,f? usef;rma&;u csKdhwJhw,f/ tmemygeudkbJvkyfyg? b,fvdkvkyfrvJ? xGufowdxm;/ 0ifowdxm;? 'Davmufuawmh vkyfwwf&r,f?tJ'gvkyfawmh bm_zpfrvJ? tZñwW”uroefhawmh emw,f/ usifw,f/udkufw,f/ cJw,fqdkwJh¢a0'emawG ay:rvmbl;vm;? ay:wJha0'emudk tm@Hk_yK? acgif;udkuf&if udkufwmuav;tm@Hk_yK? oGm;udkuf&ifudkufwmuav; tm@Hk_yK? 'gudk a0'empdkufw,fvdkh ac:w,f? jumjumpdkufav aumif;avbJ? aysmufroGm;apeJh? 'g 'dkh0g'? ckavmurSm&SdaejuwJh0g'”u a0'emay:&ifrcHEdkifawmh a0'emudk tmemygeeJh azsmufypfvdkuf/ 'gwpfenf;? wpfenf;u a0'emay:vm&if a0'emudk_zpfysuf@+ yD; azsmufypfvdkuf? a0'emudk aysmufatmifvkyfwm?a0'emudk tmemygeeJhazsmufwJhenf;? a0'emudk _zpfysuf@+ yd; azsmufwJhenf;? tJ'D enf;awGvnf; }udKuf&ifxkwfju? olvnf;aumif;wmbJ odkhayr,fvdkh 'dkhenf;uawmh a0'em[mjum&Snfavaumif;avbJ?

a0'emeJhowdeJh/ owdeJha0'em odEdkifoavmufod? rodEdkif&if avsSmhay;& ay;&aygh?

odkhaomfvnf; 'Dvdk razsmufbJeJh cHEdkifoavmuf aycH yD;awmha0'emudk @+&if tJ'guawmh 'dkht}udKuf? bmvdkh¢}udKufovJ? 'DvdktZñwWtm@Hk_zpfwJh a0'emudk owdeJh@+ygrsm;awmh acgif;udkufw,f/oGm;udkufw,f _zpfaptHk;/ a0'emudkbJ owdrvpfatmif @+ae&if¢o'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_êo'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_êo'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_êo'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_êo'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_ê ig;yg;&ifhusufvmw,f? tJ'D o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmo'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmo'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmo'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmo'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm ig;yg;wdkhwGif o'<gur,Hkjunf_cif; udavomudky,fw,f? 0d&d,u ysif;&d_cif;udky,fw,f?owdu rkõoç/ owduif;vGwfr+udk y,fw,f? orm"du pdwfysHhvGifhr+udk y,fw,f? ynmu oHarm[ awGa0r+udky,fw,f?



134 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

âa_êig;yg;[m olhudavomeJhol y,faew,f? o'<gy,fwJh udavom/0d&d,y,fwJh udavom/ owdy,fwJh udavom/ orm"dy,fwJh udavom ynmy,fwJh udavom¢vdkh udavomuvnf; trsKd;rsKd;&Sdw,f/tJ'Dâa_êig;yg;r&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh omoemrSmxHk;pHr&Sdbl;âa_êig;yg;r&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh omoemrSmxHk;pHr&Sdbl;âa_êig;yg;r&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh omoemrSmxHk;pHr&Sdbl;âa_êig;yg;r&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh omoemrSmxHk;pHr&Sdbl;âa_êig;yg;r&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh omoemrSmxHk;pHr&Sdbl;?'Dawmh a0'emeJhowd/ owdeJha0'em/ tJ'Dvdk tZñwWa0'emtm@Hkudkowdjuyfjuyfuyfxm;Edkif&if âa_êig;yg; &ifhusufvmw,f? wu,fâa_ê&ifhusufvmwJhykídKvfusawmh (orRmorýKa'<g0w aomb*0g)?aomb*0g/ xdk a@$bkef;awmfocif bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmf_rwf}uD;onf?orRmorýKa'<g0w/ trSefav;_zm av;oçmudk udk,fwdkifodawmfrlEdkifygaypGwum;¢vdkhqdk yD; bk&m;tay:rSm t,Hkjunf}uD; ,Hkjunfvmw,f? o'<guvnf; tJ'Dvdk ,Hkjunfr+&ifhusufvmawmh owduvnf;xif_rif/ orm"duvnf; cdkif rJ/ ynmuvnf; yGifhvif;^yD; âa_êig;yg;&ifhusufvmw,f? tJ'Dvdk &ifhusufvmawmh tZñwWtm@Hk. _zpfr+eJhwm&SnfrcHr+udk awGhvdkufwJhtcg atmf¢wu,ftrSef odawmfrlEdkifwJhudk,fawmf_rwf}uD;rdkhvdkh orRmorýK'<*k%fawmfeJh _ynf–pHkawmfrlaywmbJvdkhukd,fawmf_rwf}uD;tay:rSm junf!dk_cif; o'<gawG wdk;rvmbl;vm;?'Dvkd wdk;rvmbJeJh w&m;&w,fvdkh b,frSm&SdrvJ? tdrfurcGmEdkifbJeJhw&m;&wJhvl&,fvdkh &Sdovm;? pufxJrSmae&if; w&m;&wJhvl ig_zifhwpfa,mufrS rjum;zl;ao;bl;?

'Dawmh w&m;vdkcsif&if o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmw&m;vdkcsif&if o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmw&m;vdkcsif&if o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmw&m;vdkcsif&if o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmw&m;vdkcsif&if o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynmqdkwJh âa_êig;yg; yxr &ifhusufatmifvkyf&r,f? &mZ^*dKvf_ynfrSm0èvdtrnf&SdwJh ykûm;wpfa,muf[m _rwfpGmbk&m; øxJudk qGrf;cHjuGvmwJhtcg 32-yg;aom a,musfm;_rwfwdkh.v=%mawmf}uD;/ &Spfq,faom v=%mawmfi,f/ a_cmufoG,faaom a&mif_cnfawmfwdkh_zifh tifrwefwifhw,fawmfrlwJh wpfudk,fvHk; juufoa&wHk;_zpfaewJh bk&m;&Sifudk,fawmf_rwf}uD;udk zl;awGh&wJhtcg atmf¢¢¢¢¢



avmurSm 'Davmufjuufoa&&SdwJhtm@HkrsKd; igwpfcgrS r_rifzl;bl;? 'Dvdk juufoa&&SdwJhtm@HkrsKd;udk t^rJzl;arsSmfae&&if ao&usKd;eyfw,f?'Dawmh t^rJzl;arsSmf&atmif ig”vl0wfvlpm;eJhawmh raeawmhbl;? omoemh0efxrf; &[ef;_yK^yD;awmh bk&m;tem;uyfaeawmhr,f? 'Davmufjuufoa&&SdwJhtm@Hk}uD;udk t^rJr_ywfzl;arsSmfaeawmhr,fqdkwJh &nf@G,fcsuf}uD;eJh 0èvdykûm; &[ef;_yKvmcJhw,f? &[ef;_yK^yD;awmhvnf;olh&nf@G,fcsuftwdkif;bJ bk&m;tem;u rcGmawmhbl;? wpdrfhpdrfhjunf–aewmbJ? bk&m;zl;^yD;ae&wm t_rwfbJ? vl_zpfusKd;eyf yD aocsifaoayapawmh?

,ckumv bkdifpukwfaumif;aumif;}udufwJhvlu um;aumif;aumif;junf–&&if aocsifaoygap/ yGJ0goemygwJhvlu Zmwfaumif;aumif;junf–&&if 'Dvdkrif;om;rsKd;junf–&&if aoaysmfwmaygh/ tJ'D pGJovdk 0èvdykûm;u_zpfwJh&[ef;vnf; ol”_rwfpGmbk&m;udk pGJ yD;awmhwpf0gwGif;vHk; bk&m;udkjunf– yD;aew,f? junf–aeaomfvnf;bJ olhrSmtZñwWtm@Hkudk pdwfura&mufbl;? bk&m;qdkwmuvnf; A[d'<tm@Hk_zpfaeawmh A[d'<tm@Hkudkzl;arsSmfaewJh ukodkvfpdwfu vlhpnf;pdrf/ ewfpnf;pdrf/ vlhcsrf;om/ ewfcsrf;ombJ tusKd;ay;r,f? r*f]m%f/ zdkvf]m%f/ edAýmefwdkifatmif tusKd;ray;Edkifbl;? olhrSm udavomrukefEdkifbl;? c%awmh bk&m;tm@Hk_yKaecdkuf udavomuGmrSmaygh?

1? udavom tm;enf;wmwpfrsKd;?2? udavom uGmwmwpfrsKd;?3? udavom uif;_ywfwmwpfrsKd;? vdkh 3 rsKd;&Sdw,f?udavomuGmw,fqdkwmu orm"d/ bk&m;tm@Hk_yKaewJhpdwfu

t^rJr_ywf_zpfaeawmh 'DykídKvf&JhpdwfrSm udavomr_zpfawmhbl;/ tJ'g udavomuGmw,fvdkh ac:wm?


136 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

,H ,H Z[wd umrmeH/ wH wH orìaw okcH?

umreH/ umr*k%fwdkh.? ,H ,H/ tjuifjuif tzdkhudk? Z[wd/pGefhypfvdkufav.? wH wH/ xdkxdk pGefhypfEdkifoavmufaom tzdkhonf?okcH/ csrf;omonf? orìaw/ _ynf–pHkIvm.? umrr*k%ftrsm;}uD;xJu wpfp”wpfp pGefhpGefhvmw,f? aq;vdyf}udKufwwfwJhvlu aq;vdyfy,f/ igawmhraomufawmhbl;? uGrf;}udKufwJhvlu uGrf;y,f/ igawmh rpm;awmhbl;? tJ'Dvdk wpfp”wpfpy,fvdkuf&if y,fEdkifoavmufcsrf;omw,f? aq;vdyf}udKufwwfwJhvlu aq;vdyf y,fvdkufawmhaq;vdyfeJhywfoufwJh udavomr_zpfawmhbl;? usefwJh udavombJ_zpfawmhr,f? 'Dawmh wpfp”wpfpy,f yD;awmh vdkufvm&if y,fEdkifoavmuf csrf;omeJh _ynf–pHk_ynf–pHkvmw,f? puf}uD;/ oabFm}uD;/ }uD;}uD;us,fus,fr&SdwJhvludk a_ymwm? olwdkhuawmh y,fvdkhr_zpfbl;?

1? y,fEdkifoavmuf wpfp”wpfp wa_z;a_z;zJh”zJh^yD;awmh tm;enf;atmifvkyfwmudk w'*F[mefac:w,f?

2? psmefw&m;eJh udavomudkcGmwmudk 0d=Ýey[mefac:w,f?

3? r*fqdkufwJhtcgusawmh udavomudk t_rpfu _zwfvdkufvdkhudavom_ywfoGm;wmudk orkað'y[mefac:w,f?

0èvd&[ef;udk bk&m;u orkað'y[mefeJh udavom tukefuif;_ywfapvdkw,f? olbk&m;zl;aewJh ukodkvfavmufeJhawmh udavom r_zpf@HkavmufbJ&Sdw,f? 'g_zifh r*fzdkvf&atmif olhudk a[mygawmhvm;qdkawmh o'<da_ê/ 0d&d,a_ê/ owda_ê/ orm"da_ê/ ynda_ê/qdkwJh âa_êig;yg;u r&ifhusufao;bl;¢wJh?



â^êd,ya&my&d,wWd]m%fawmfqdkwmuvnf; _rwfpGmbk&m;rSmom&Sdw,f? 'DowW0gâa^ê &ifhusufvmvdkh w&m;&Edkif yD? 'D owW0gâa^êr&ifhusufao;vdkh w&m;r&Edkifao;bl;? 'DvdkodEdkifwJh tom"m&%]m%fawmf _rwfpGmbk&m;rSm &Sdw,f? om0ursm; 'D]m%fr&bl;/ 'Davmuf bk&m;junf!dkaewJhykídKvf bk&m;pum; em;axmifrSmaygh? r*fzdkvf&atmif a[mvdkufygvm;qdkawmh âa^êr&ifhusufwJhtwGuf r&bl;? 'Dawmh oltm;&atmifbJ zl;ygapqdk yD; bk&m;u apmifhaew,f?wpfESpfaomtcg 0gqdkcgeD;rSm âa^ê&ifhusufvm^yD/ 0èvd w&m;&csdefwef yD? 'DawmhrS udk,fawmf_rwfu¢

uþ aw 0èvd/ ârdem ylwduma,e?

0èvd/ [Jh¢0èvd? ârdem ylwduma,e? igbk&m;. Tudk,faumifykyf_zifh? aw/ oifhtm;? uþ/ tb,ftusKd; &SdtHhenf;? igbk&m;udk,fudk rif;”wpdrfhpdrfhjunf–aevdkh rif;rSm bmtusKd;rSr&Sdbl;? ighxHrvmeJh? uaehup^yD;oGm;vdkh¢ESifvdkufawmh tifrwefpGJvef;wJhtm@HkeJh twlwlrae&&if ao&wmu aumif;ao;w,f? ig”touf&Sifaevdkh tvum;bJ/ bk&m;tem;rae&vdkh bk&m;rzl;&&if vlh_ynfraeawmhbl;vdkhqHk;_zwf yD; &mZ^*dKvf_ynf 0dZñukùf awmifxdyfwufoGm;^yD;acsmufxJckefcsr,fvdkh a_cwpfzufaÕrmufvdkufw,f?

'Dawmh _rwfpGmbk&m;u armif;rJxm;wJhuav;udk rdbuacsmhac:vdkufovdk {[d 0èvdrmbm,d joavmau[dwxm*wH vdkhac:vdkufw,f? [dkuvnf; awmifxdyfu ao¢[Jhqdk yD;awmh ckefqif;vdkufr,ftvkyf 'Djobmo *gxmudk@Gwf yD; a&mif_cnfawmf uGefh_rL;vdkufw,f?


138 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

0èvd/ cspfom; 0èvd? {[d/ igbk&m;xHodkh vmcJhavmh? rmbm,d/ rzl;_rif&rnf–ta&;udk awG;IrajumufygESifh? wxm*wH/ ig”bk&m;udk? joavmau[d/ 00}uD;zl;_rif&atmif vmcJhygavmh¢vdkh¢_rwfpGmbk&m;u ac:vdkufw,f? [m¢'Dae&mrSm tm;&0rf;omckef yD;twufvdkuf yùdoÝd'g]m%fav;yg;ESifhwuG wcgwnf; &[÷m_zpfoGm;w,f? tJ'Dawmh olhrSm &[÷m_zpfzdkh âa^ê&ifh^yD/ tcsdefawmf yDvdkhbk&m;uodw,f? odvdkh &[÷m_zpfzdkhESifwm? tJ'Dvdk odwJh udk,fawmf_rwf}uD;udk junf!dk&wJhtwGufajumifh 'D0èvd &[ef;}uD; &[÷m_zpfoGm;w,f? &[÷m_zpfoGm;awmh ykxkZOfwkef;ujunf!dkr+eJh &[÷m_zpf^yD;rSjunf!dkr+[m rwlbl;? &[÷m_zpf yD;rS t"d*ro'<geJhjunf!dkr+uomygw,f? 'gayrJh &[÷mwdkh.junf!dkr+u âa^ê&w,f? b,fvdkbJjunf!dkjunf!dk 'Dvdk uarmufur r_zpfbl;? ykxkZOfwdkh.junf!dkr+u o'<g”u_rif;bJ? ykxkZOfwdkh.junf!dkr+u r^rJbl;? rjunf!dk&&ifaoypfvdkufr,fqdkwmuvnf; &Sdao;w,f? csuf_cif;rjunf!dkbJ o'<gw&m; ysufoGm;csifvnf; oGm;r,f/ ykxkZOfu awmfawmfcufwm? t&d,mykídKvfrsm;uawmh b,fawmhrS o'<grysufbl;? y&dedAýmefpHonftxd b,ftcgrS tjunf!dkrysufawmhbl;?

cka_ymvdk&if;u w&m;udkvdkcsif&if âa^ê&ifhusufatmifarG;_rLyg? âa^êr&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;r&bl;âa^êr&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;r&bl;âa^êr&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;r&bl;âa^êr&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;r&bl;âa^êr&ifhusufbJeJh w&m;r&bl;? 'Dawmh âa^ê&ifhusufatmifb,fvdk arG;_rL&rvJ? cE<mudk,fxJrSm t^rJr_ywf 'vpyf tjum;r&Sdatmif w_zpfxJ_zpfaewJh ylr+/ at;r+/ csrf;omr+/ qif;&Jr+/ emusifr+/udkufcJr+/ ponfwdkhudk todr_ywfatmif owdeJhpdkufxm;yg/ tJ'D w_zpfxJ _zpfaewmudk obm0ac:w,f? 'D w_zpfxJ _zpfaewm[m taumiftxnf/ o÷mef/ _'Afr&SdwJh obm0oufouf/ tJ'D obm0oufouf[m (tm@Hk)? tJ'D t^rJr_ywf_zpfaewJhobm0tm@Hkudk tm@Hk_yK^yD;awmh odaewJhpdwfu owdorZOf?



cE<mudk,fxJrSm w_zpfxJ_zpfaewJh obm0"rRudk tm@Hkpdkufprf;yg? tJ'Dvdk tm@HkpdkufaewJha,m*DykídKvf[m owdorZn _zpfvmygvdrfhr,f? owdqdkwm rarhravsmhbl;? 'Dtm@Hkudkxifxif&Sm;&Sm; awGhae&w,f? orZnqdkwmu awGa0_cif;uif;^yD;awmh odw,f? 'Dvdk_zpfaewJhobm0tm@Hk[m olr[kwf/ igr[kwf/ ykídKvfr[kwf/ a,mufsm;r[kwf/ rdef;r”r[kwf/ acgif;/ udk,f/ a_c/ vufr[kwf/ bmrSr[kwf?oobm0oufoufbJvdkh 'DvdkydkifydkifEdkifEdkifodwm orZn ac:w,f?

tm@HkeJhpdwfeJh rauGruGm uyfaeatmifvkyfawmh tm@Hk[mykídKvfowW0gESifhrqdkif ynwfr[kwf obm0oufoufbJvdkh awGa0_cif;uif;^yD;awmhodwmu orZn? 'g_zifh tm@Hkuobm0/ odaewJhpdwfu orZn? obm0tm@Hkudk owdorZneJhtm@Hk_yK^yD; t^rJr_ywfaejuwJhtcg o'<g 0d&d,pwJh âa^êig;yg; &ifhusufvmvdrfhr,f?

o'<go'<go'<go'<go'<gpdwfu junfvifw,f/ olrsm;awG b,favmufpdwfaemufp&ma_ymaeae o'<g&wJhykídKvf&Jhpdwfu raemufbl;? o'<g oabmupdwfjunfvifw,f?

0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,0d&d,oabmu ysif;&d_cif;uif;w,f? olrsm;awG b,favmufysif;ovJ? 0d&d,&SdaewJh ykídKvfu rysif;bl;?

owd owd owd owd owd qdkwmu xdkxdktm@Hkudk pdwfrul; rpOf;pm; rawG;awm&bJeJh xifxif&Sm;&Sm; trSwfw&odw,f?

orm"dorm"dorm"dorm"dorm"d oabmu udk,fxm;csifwJhtm@Hkay:rSm pdwf idrf idrfoufouf xm;vdkh&w,f?


140 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ynmynmynmynmynm oabmu oarRm[ awGa0_cif;uif;^yD;awmh odw,f?tJ'Dvdk o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm/o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm/o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm/o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm/o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm/ ig;yg[m âa_êxdkufatmifwdk;wufvm&r,f?

âa_êâa_êâa_êâa_êâa_êqdkwmbmvJ? 'Dvdk rsufaphuav;rSdwf yD;awmh r_rifcsifa,mifaqmifaewm âa_êvm;? 'g”âa_êr[kwfbl;? 'Dâa_êu [efaqmifwm?

Þâ^êd,H â\&d,H ua&mwDwd â^êd,Hß â^êd,H â\&d,H/tpdk;&_cif;udk? ua&mwd/ _yKwwf.? â^êd,qdkwm tpdk;&wmudka_ymwm? ygVdvdk â^êd,? _refrmvdk tpdk;&? 'Dawmh o'<gu rif;rlw,f?oleJh,SOfabmf,SOfbuf w&m;awGudk oltkyfpdk;w,f? ,SOfabmf,SOfbufw&m;rsm;[m olhvufatmufrSm ae&w,f? ,SOfabmf,SOfbufw&m;awGudk tkyfpdk;EdkifwJhoabm&SdrS â^êd, qdkufw,f?

0d&d,uvnf; xdkenf;wlpGm oleJh,SOfabmf,SOfbuf w&m;awGudkoltkyfpdk;w,f?

owduvnf; tkyfpdk;w,f? orm"duvnf; tkyfpdk;w,f? ynmuvnf; tkyfpdk;w,f? o'<g/ 0d&d,/ owd/ orm"d/ ynm qdkwJh âa_êig;yg;[m oleJhqdkif&m or,kwW"rRawGudktkyfpdk;^yD;awmh o'<gu to'<d, udavomudk/ 0d&d,u aumoìudavomudk/ owdu rkõoçudavomudk/ orm"du O'<çudavomudk/ ynmu oarRm[ udavomudkESifxkwfEdkifavmufatmif âa_êudçwyfwJh w&m;ig;yg; &ifhusufvmawmh w&m;u rvdkcsifygbl;qdkayrJh aeyghrvm;? ckcgrsm; rvdkcsifao;ygbl;av/ om;udç/ orD;udç/ ypPnf;udçawG wef;vef;eJh w&m;&ayr,fvdkh ,lvdkhr_zpfao;ygbl;qdk&ifvnf; 'Dtcgusawmh aeaygh?



'Da&mufatmifawmh vkyfyg? w&m;uawmh r,lcsifaevdkh&w,f? aorif;uawmh raocsifaevdkhr&bl;? 'gajumifh ighrSm a,m*DawGudk rSm&w,f/ c%c% t&yfxJrSm rom”oGm;ydkhju&if wu,far;cJhjuyg?awmf&ma&mf&mu _yefrvmcJhjuygeJh? awmhrSm tm;vdkhaowmvm;? pdwfcsvdkh aowmvm;? tdrfuvl b,foleJhxm;cJhovJ tJ'Dvdk avsSmufar;aygh?

'Dawmh rtm;bJeJh ao&ygw,f? pdwfrcsbJeJh ao&ygw,f?b,folhudkrSvnf; rtyfEdkifcJhygbl;vdkh romavmif;u a_ymr,faygh?aor+qdkwm raocsifayrJh rae&bl;? w&m;uawmh udk,fr,lcsifvnf;r,lbJ aevdkh&ygw,f? w&m;udk r,lcsif rae&bl;rSwf yD; rvkyfbJraejuygeJh? w&m;uawmh &cgeD;^yD/ ig”rvdkcsifao;bl;/ tJ'Dvdk qdkif;xm;&if &w,f?

'gajumifh w&m;&&eftusKd;iSm cE<mudk,f_zpf_zpforsS tZñwWobm0udk t^rJr_ywf Þowdowdowdowdowdß xm;Edkifjuygapukefownf;?


®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®

touf/ a&m*g/ csdefcgESifhvm;&b0/ ypfcsae&mTig;_zm igh”rSmrodEdkif?



142 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufYaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wDq7mawmfbk&m;}uD;onf1331-ck oDwif;u|wfvqef; 8-&ufaehwGifwynf–wdkhtm; a[mjum;awmfrltyfaom

'Gg'or t}udrfa_rmuf


tmemygeowd ,\/yk&dykûm okbm0dwm?tEkykAýH y&dpdwm/,xmAka'<e a'odwm?aom rH avmuH ybmaowd/tABm rkawWm0 pENdrm?

,\/ tjuifa,m*DykídKvfonf? tmemygeowd/ tmemygeowdurRõmef;udk? Aka'<e/ _rwfpGmbk&m;onf? ,xm/ tjuifav;yg;aom tcsif;t&mtm;_zifh? a'odwm/ a[mawmrltyf.? wxm/ xdk_rwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlwdkif;? yk&dykûm/ t_ynf–tpHk? okbm0dwm/aumif;pGm _zpfyGm;aptyf.? tEkykAýH/ 'DC”&\” paom tpOftwdkif;?y&dpdwm/ avhvmtyf.? aomykíavm/ xdk tmemygeurRõmef;udk t_ynf–tpHk tm;xkwfaom ykídKvfonf? tABm/ wdrfwdkufrS? rkawWm/v$wfaom? pENdrm â0/ vuJhodkh? ârHavmuH/ T cE<mavmuudk?ybmaowd/ ynma&mif_zifh awmufa_ymifxGef;vif;apEdkif.?


('Gg'or)r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 143

tmemygeowd tvkyfudk _ynf–_ynf–pHkpHk tm;xkwfwJhykídKvf[m/wdrfwdkufrS vGwfaomvonf ta&mifvif;ouJhodkh rdrdukd,fcE<mxJrSmynma&mifawmufa_ymifw,fwJh?

t_ynf–tpHk qdkwm bmudka_ymwmvJ?

'DaCm”&a\mp t\maom/y\maomydp wm'daom?pwWma&m 0ûm 0wW÷d/eoduaí0 bd=Kaem?

'DaCm/ &Snfaom? t\maomp/ xGufoufÖif;? &a\m/wdkaom? t\maomp/ xGufoufÖif;? wm'daom/ xdkodkh twdkt&Snfoabm&Sdaom? y\maomp/ 0ifoufÖif;? âwd/ Todkh? pwWma&m/av;yg;ukefaom? 0ûm/ t_cif;t&m tmum&wdkhonf? bd=Kaem/tmemygeudk tm;xkwfaom&[ef;.? emoduaí0/ ESmacgif;zsm;YomvsSif? 0wW÷d/ _zpfukef.?

tcsif;t&m (4) yg;wJh? tcsif;t&mqdkwJhpum;udk ay:ay:vGifvGif a_ym&&ifawmh _zpfyHkwJh? tcsif;t&mvnf; Armpum;ygbJ?odkhayr,fh Armpum; Armem;rvnfbl;? _zpfyHk_zpf[efudk tcsif;t&mac:w,f?

xGufavonf &Snf&Snf_zpfw,f? xGufavonf wdkwdk_zpfw,f?xGufavwpfckxJeJh _zpfyHkwl&Jhvm;/ xGufavrSm tcsif;t&m (2)rsKd;?


144 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

0ifavonf wdkwdk_zpfw,f? 0ifavonf &Snf&Snf_zpfw,f?0ifav wpfckuaum _zpfyHk (2) ck r[kwfvm;? _zpfyHkcsif; wl&Jhvm;/tJ'D _zpfykH_zpf[efudk tcsif;t&mac:w,f? &Snfaom0ifouf/ wdkaom0ifouf? tJ'g owdxm;juaygh? wcsKdhvlawGu a_rGwdkh qifwdkh cE<mudk,f&Snfaom owW0grsm;uJhodkh xGufav0ifav &Snfw,f? wcsKdhvlawGu acG;wdkh ,kefwdkh cE<mudk,fwdkwJh owW0grsm;uJhodkh xGufav0ifav wdkw,f? odkhayrJh ykídKvfu t&Snftwdk y"me[kwfyHk r&ygbl;?udk,ftm;xkwfwm udk,fpOf;pm;junf–aygh? wcgwav xGufav &Snfcsif&Snfw,f? wdkcsifvnf; wdkw,f? rJ&Jhvm;/ r^rJbl;? 'gajumifh &SnfcsifwJhtcgvnf; &SnfwmbJ/ wdkcsifwJhtcgvnf; wdkwmbJ?

xGufav 0ifavqdkwm pdwfajumifh_zpfwJh pdwWZ@kyf/ 'Dawmhpdwf _zpfovdk olu_zpf&r,f? pdwfu wkdwdk_zpfapcsifvnf; wdkwdk_zpfw,f? pdwfu &Snf&Snf_zpfapcsifvnf; &Snf&Snf_zpfw,f? 'gajumifhtm;xkwfwJhykídKvf&Jh Asmyg&udkvdkuf yD; &SnfcsifwJhtcgvnf; &Snfr,f?wdkcsifwJhtcgvnf; wdkr,f? xGufavu twdkt&Snf (2)yg;? 0ifavu twdkt&Snf (2)yg;? tJ'gudk tcsif;t&m (4)yg; ac:w,f?

y&dykûm/ 16-yg;aom 0wÔKt_ynf–tpHk? okbm0dwm/ aumif;pGmyGm;rsm;tyf.? tEkykAýH/ 'DC”&\ tpOftwdkif;? y&dpdwm/ avhvmtyf.? 16-yg;aom0wÔKqdkwmuawmh yxrpwkè (4) yg;/ 'kwd,pwkè (4)yg;? wwd,pwkè (4)yg;? pwkwÔpwkè (4)yg;? tJ'Dvdk4-yg; 4-vDqdkawmh 16 yg;? aomVo0wÔK _zpfw,fwJh? odkhayr,fhqdkomqdkygw,f tm;xkwf&mrSmawmh yxrpwkèbJ tm;xkwf&r,f?'kwd,pwkè/ wwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkèwdkhu tm;xkwfenf; toD;t_cm; r&Sdygbl;?



yxrtm;xkwfenf; txa_rmufwJhtcg 'kwd, tm;xkwfenf;ig”_zpfapr,fvdkh ESvHk;oGif;vdkuf@HkbJ? 'kwd,tm;xkwfenf; txa_rmufwJhtcg wwd,tm;xkwfenf; ig”_zpfapr,fvdkh a_ymif;vdkuf@HkbJ? wwd,tm;xkwfenf; txa_rmufwJhtcg pwkwÔtm;xkwfenf; _zpfap&r,fvdkh a_ymif;vdkuf@HkbJ?

'kwd,pwkè/ wwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkè/ 'Dpwkè (3) rsKd;rSm tm;xkwfenf; toD;t_cm;r&Sdbl;wJh? 'g_zifh tm;xkwfenf;&SdwmubmvJ/ yxrpwkè bJ&Sdw,f?

tJ'D yxrpwkè tm;xkwfenf;&Sd&mrSmvnf; oawm0t\owd/ oawm0y\owd”u yxrenf;? olhudk oawmum&D vdkhac:w,f? owd_zpfatmif _yKvkyfwJhenf;¢wJh? oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif? t\owd/ xGufoufudk @SL.? oawm0/ owdxm;IomvsSif?y\owd/ 0ifoufudk @+duf.? xGufouf@SL/ 0ifouf@+duf? xGufoufudk _zpfap/ 0ifoufudk _zpfap/ @SLw,f/ @+dufw,fbJoHk;oHk;/ _zpfapbJoHk;oHk; twlwlbJ? 'Dawmh 0ifonf_zpfap/ xGufonf_zpfap/ xGufoufav 0ifoufaveJhowdeJh uyfxm;? owdrvpfapeJh? xGufavrSmvnf; owdxm;? 0ifavrSmvnf; owdxm;? xGufav”0ifavrSmowdxm;&aomajumifh oawmum&D owd_zpfatmif vkyfwmwJh?

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0y\owd/ xGufvnf; owd_zpfatmifvkyf? 0ifvnf; owd_zpfatmifvkyf? 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m/'DCH t\momrDwd yZmemwd? 'DCH/ &Snf&Snf? t\oa÷m/ xGufouf@SLonf&Sdaomf? 'DCH t\omrDwd/ xGufouf&Snf&Snf@SLonf[k?yZmemwd/ &ifhusufvmaomajumifh tvdkvdkod.?


146 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tJ'Dvdk oawmum&D yxrenf;eJh owd_zpfatmif vkyfvdkufwJha,m*DykídKvfu owd_zpfwJhtcgusawmh¢Oyõme/ owdxifvmw,f?owdxifvmw,fqdkwm tm@HkupdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwmowdxifvmw,fqdkwm tm@HkupdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwmowdxifvmw,fqdkwm tm@HkupdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwmowdxifvmw,fqdkwm tm@HkupdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwmowdxifvmw,fqdkwm tm@HkupdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwm? owdxm;&w,fqdkwmu tm@HkqDudkpdwfydkh^yD;awmh ig”trSwf r&”&atmifowdxm;vdkufr[Jh¢vdkh 'Dvdk owdxm;&wmrsKd;udk ac:w,f?

owdxifw,fqdkwmu tvdkvdkxifvmwm? ig”uaehb,folhtrSwf&vdkufwm/ 'Dvdkra_ymbl;vm;? 'g tvdkvdkxifvmwm? 'Dawmhudk,fu owdxm;,l&&if oawmum&D? olhudk,fu tvdkvdkxifvm&ifOyõme ac:w,f?

'gajumifh¢'DCH 0g t\oa÷m 'DCH t\omrDwd yZmemwd/&\H 0g t\oa÷m &\H t\omrDwd yZmemwd/'DCH 0g y\oa÷m 'DCH y\omrDwd yZmemwd/&\H y\oa÷m &\H y\omrDwd yZmemwd?

vdkhqdkwJhtwdkif; tJ'D xGufouf t&Snftwdk/ 0ifouf t&Snftwdkudk a,m*Duowdrxm;&bJeJh olh[moltvdkvdkxifvmw,f? tJ'g Oyõme ac:w,f? &Snf&if &Snfwmudk ykídKvfutxl;*@kr_yK&bJ/ajumifhusAsmyg& rpdkuf&bJeJh xifvmwmudk owd_zpfvmw,f/ owdaumif;vmw,f vdkh¢'Dvdka_ymwm?

'kwd,enf;usawmh txa_rmufvm^yD qdkygawmh? &SnfcsifwJhtcgvnf; &SnfrSmbJ? wdkcsifwJhtcgvnf; wdkrSmbJ? &Snfonf_zpfap/wdkonf_zpfap tvdkvdkxif&r,f? wdk&if wdkrSef;odw,f? &Snf&if &SnfrSef;odw,f? 0ifwdkif; 0ifwdkif; owdxm;? xGufwdkif;xGufwdkif; owd



xm;^yD; yxrenf;uvkyfvdkh owdtxa_rmufawmh tvdkvdk xifEdkifw,fqdkwm ,kwWdr&dSbl;vm;? vkyfzdkhbJvdkw,f?

yxrenf;uawmh udk,fu xifatmifvkyf&w,f? ckwifuOyrmrsKd;vdkaygh? b,folhudk owdxm;r,f? b,fudçudk owdxm;r,fvdkh r_zpfcifu wif}udK^yD;awmh owdxm;&wmrsKd;uwpfrsKd;/ owdrxm;bJeJh tvdkvdkxifvmwmu wpfrsKd;/ ig”b,folh_zifh trSwf&vdkufwm/ b,fwkef;u[m_zifh ig”ckxufxd rarhao;bl;qdkwmrsKd;aygh/ pdwfxJrSm tvdkvdkxifvmwmudk Oyõmeowd_zpfw,fvdkh ac:w,f?

'Dawmh oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owdu owd_zpfatmifvkyfonf? 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m qdkwJh 'kwd,enf;u owdxifvmatmifvkyfonf? owdxifvmw,f qdkawmh owdtxa_rmufvm^yD?

ríif&Spfyg;rSmvnf;bJ orRm0g,rríifrSm yí[bm0em/ orRmowdqdkwm Oyõmebm0em/ orRmorm"d qdkwm t0da=ybm0emvdkholhríifeJhol olhbm0emeJhol toD;oD;&Sdw,f? 'Dawmh orRm0g,rríifqdkwm yí[bm0emudç&Sdonf_zpfI 0d&d,qdkwJhw&m;u onf–_yifw&m;awGudk taxmuftyHhay;w,f? 0d&d,&SdwJhykídKvf[m b,fudçrqdktxa_rmufw,f? 0d&d,awm/ 0d&d,&Sdaom ykídKvftm;? uþ emrurRH/tb,ftr+rnfonf? eodZñwd/ r^yD;bJ&SdEdkifygtHhenf;? 0d&d,&SdwJhykídKvf[m b,fudçrqdk yD;w,f? 0d&d,taxmuftyHh&vdkh&Sd&if b,fudpPrqdk^yD;atmif aqmif@GufEdkifw,f? 0d&d,onf(yí[)oabm&Sdvdkh axmufyHhw,f?


148 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

orRmowdu Oyõmebm0em/ Oyõmeqdkwm ckwifua_ymovdkykídKvfu *@krpdkuf&bJeJh tvdkvdk pdwfxJrSm xifvmw,f? tm@Hktvdkvdk pdwfxJrSmxif”xifvm&if(Oyõme)/ tJ'g orRmowdríifbJ?

orRmorm"dríif qdkwmu pdwf idrfoufwJh t0da=ybm0emwJh? t0da=ybm0emu ysHhvGifh_cif;uif;w,f? tm@HkwpfckrSmwnfae&if 'Dpdwf[mrysHhvGifhawmhbl;?

'gajumifh orRmorm"du t0da=ybm0em/ orRmowdu Oyõmebm0em/ orRm0g,ru yí[bm0em/ olhríifeJholhbm0em 'DvdkwGJvsSuf wGJvsSuf&Sd&w,f? 'gajumifh 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m/ 'DCHt\omrDwd yZmemwdqdkwJh 'kwd,yk'frSm owdu Oyõmebm0em _zpfvmw,f? owdxifvmw,f? owdxifvmw,fqdkwJht"dyg,fu ykídKvfutm@Hkudk owdxm;rae&bl;? tm@Hku pdwfxJ tvdkvdka&mufvmwm?

oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd”u yxrenf;? 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m”u 'kwd,enf;? oAýum,yùdoHa0'D t\od\mrDwd od=wd”u wwd,enf;?

oAýum,yùdoHa0'D/ tvHk;pHk xGufouf0ifouf. tp”tv,f”tqHk;” oHk;yg;pvHk;udk xif&Sm;apvsSuf? t\od\mrDwd/ xGufoufudk _zpfaptHh[k? od=wd/ usifh}uH}udK;ukwf tm;xkwf&rnf? 'Dusawmhodw,fvdkh rqdkawmhbl;? od=wd”u tm;xkwf&r,fvdkh qdkw,f? [dkrSmwkef;uawmh yZmemwd/ od.? bmeJhodw,f/ owdeJhodw,f? owd_zpf&if orRZnvnf;ygw,f? at;¢owd”orRZn ESpfyg;eJhodw,f?



owdeJh orRZnaum uGJ&Jhvm;? owdqdkwm r^rJr_ywf trSwf&aewm/ oGm;wm”vmwm”a_ymwm”qdkwm”vkyfwm”udkifwm w_zpfxJ_zpfaewmawGudk rarhravsmh t^rJtrSwf&aewm/ tJ'g owdowdowdowdowd?

orRZnuawmh owÔuorZOf/ oyg,orZOf/ a*gp&orZOf/toarrRm[orZOf¢vdkh orZOf (4)-yg;&SdwJhtxJu toarRm[orZOfomvdk&if;? toarRm[qdkwm bmvJ? acgif;/ udk,f/ a_c/ vufpaom xdkxdkt*FgwdkhY csrf;om_cif;/ qif;&J_cif;ponf– trsKd;rsKd; tzHkzHk_zpfraebl;vm;? tJ'D _zpfaer+xJrSm cE<mudk,faumifygaew,f? w_zpfxJ_zpfaewJh _zpfr+obm0awGxJrSm cE<mudk,frygatmif odwmudktoarRm[orZO/f awGa0_cif;uif;w,fvdkh ac:w,f? vlwdkh.yuwdpdwfxJu 'Dvdkod&Jhvm;? acgif;udkufw,f/ oGm;emw,f/ bm_zpfw,f/nm_zpfw,feJh cE<mudk,f ygraebl;vm;? tJ'D_zpf_cif;oabmxJrSm cE<mudk,f yg”ygae&if toarRm[ r_zpfbl;? orZn r_zpfbl;? bm_zpfvdkhorZn r_zpfovJ? owduif;rJhvdkh? owd&Sd&if orZn&Sdw,f? owdeJhorZn[m wGJbuf_zpfw,f? ayghayghratmufarhjueJh? oda,mifum;vkyfraejueJh? wu,faoaocsmcsmawmhvnf; odwmr[kwfbl;?

oAýum,yùdoHa0'D/ tvHk;pHk xGufouf 0ifouf tp” tv,f”tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udk xif&Sm;apvsSuf? t\od\mrDwd/ xGufoufudk@SLtHh[k? od=wd/ usifh}uH}udK;ukwf tm;xkwf.? 'DCH 0g t\oa÷mqdkwJh 'kwd,enf;udkvnf; vkyf&r,f? tvkyfra_ymif;&bl;? &Snf&iftvdkvdk &SnfrSef;od? wdk&iftvdkvdk wdkrSef;od? xGufouf”0ifoufwdkh. wdkrSef;&SnfrSef;odaom (owdowdowdowdowd)udk _zpfap&r,f? xGufouf”0ifoufudk wdkrSef;&SnfrSef;odae&mu wcsKdh tpomodw,f? tv,feJhtqHk;rodbl;? wcsKdhtv,fom odw,f/ tpeJhtqHk; rodbl;? wcsKdh tqHk;


150 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

om odw,f? tv,feJhtp rodbl;? wcsKdhuvnf; tpa&m”tv,fa&m/tqHk;a&m oHk;yg;vHk;odw,f? tpomodwJh ykídKvf/ tv,fomodwJhykídKvf/ tqHk;omodwJh ykídKvf/ tpa&m”tv,fa&m”tqHk;a&m oHk;yg;vHk;odwJhykídKvfvdkh 'Dae&mrSm ykídKvf (4)-rsKd; r&bl;vm;?

t&Snfod twdkodwJh OyõmeowdeJh odygrsm;vdkh 'Dowd[m&ifhoxuf&ifhvm&ifawmh tp/ tv,f/ tqHk;/ oHk;yg;vHk;odwJh t_zpfudkra&mufEdkifbl;vm;? tm;xkwf&rSmuawmh xkwfrJwdkif;bJ? a_ymif;rxkwf&bl;? owdorZn tm;aumif;vmawmh 0ifavrSm ESmoD;zsm;u tp/ &ifnGefhu tv,f/ csufwdkifu tqHk;? xGufavrSm csufwdkifu tp/ &ifnGefhu tv,f/ ESmoD;zsm;u tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udk od”odvmw,f? 0ifoufav xGufoufavwdkh. tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;udk (uuplyrm) v$wdkufwJhOyrmvdk a_r}uD;ay:rSmopfwHk;cs^yD;v$wdkufawmh opfwHk;eJhv$oGm;eJh xd”xd yD;awmh _ywfoGm;wmudk owdxm;^yD;awmh v$orm;u wdkufw,f? odkhayr,fvdkh v$toGm;t_yefudkaum tvdkvdk rodbl;vm;? tJ'Dv$ OyrmvdkbJ?

ESmoD;zsm;&,f/ &ifnGefh&,f/ csuf&,fvdkh oHk;rsKd;&Sdw,f? tJ'DoHk;rsKd;xJu avwdk;xdwJh ae&muav;rSm owdpdkufxm;/ opfom;eJhv$oGm;eJh xdovdk ESmoD;zsm;xdwJh ae&muav;rSm pdwf pdkufxm;&ifxGufav xGufvnf;odr,f? 0ifav 0ifvnf;odr,f? (Oyrm) v$oGm;[m &Snf&SnfoGm; &Snf&Snf_yef? wdkwdkoGm; wdkwdk_yefudk odouJhodkh xdkenf;wlpGm xGufav0ifavuvnf; wdkwm&Snfwm&Sdawmh t&Snftwdkudkvnf; odoaygh? twdkt&SnfodEdkifavmufatmif owdxif&Sm;awmhrS tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk;odzdkhaum wa_z;a_z; wufrvmEdkifbl;vm;? tJ'D tp/ tv,f/ tqHk; oHk;yg;vHk; rod”rcsif; avhusifhyg?avsSmhray;ygeJh/ 'Dvdkqdkwm?


vkyfyHka_ymif;&r,fvdkh qdkovm;? _zpfyHka_ymif;&r,fvdkh qdkovm;? _zpfyHkwdk;wufvm&r,f? tp/ tv,f/ tqHk;/ oHk;yg;vHk;odw,fqdkawmh owd&ifhusufvm^yD; orm"dtm;aumif;vm^yD; _zpfyHkwdk;wufvmwm?

yxrenf;u oawm0t\owd?'kwd,enf;u 'DCH 0g t\oa÷m?wwd,enf;u oAýum,yùdoHa0'D?pwkwÔenf;u y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwdod=wd/

olhrSmvnf;bJ txl;vkyf&onf r[kwfygbl;?

owd tifrweftm;aumif;/ orm"d tifrweftm;aumif;vdkhtp/ tv,f/ tqHk; 3-yg;vHk; odEdkifavmufatmif _zpfaewJha,m*DykídKvf[mvnf;bJ udk,fylyef_cif;/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ vHk;vHk;rîdrf;ao;bl;wJh? um,'&x/ um,y&dvm[/ udk,fylyef_cif;/ udk,ftdkuf_cif;? pdwW'&x/ pdwWy&dvm[/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ pdwftdkuf_cif;awG &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;}uD; ruif;wwfao;bl;wJh? 'gajumifh 'Dwwd,enf;uae^yD; udk,fylyef_cif;/ pdwfylyef_cif;/ ukd,fyifyef;_cif;/ pdwfyifyef;_cif;/ uif;oGm;atmif cE<mudk,fwpfudk,fvHk; twGif;a&mt_yifa&m acgif;a&m”a_ca&moefh&Sif;oGm;atmif pwkwÔenf;wuf&wm tmemygeu oefh&Sif;apwwfw,f?

bm_zpfvdkhvJ (t\mo y\mom um,ocFg&m)? t\moy\mom/ xGufav0ifavwdkhonf? um,ocFg&m/ udk,fudk_yK_yifwwfukef.? xGufav0ifavwdkhonf/ (um,ocFg&) um,ocFg&_zpf_cif;ajumifh cE<mudk,fwpfudk,fvHk;udk jurf;atmif Ekatmif odrfarGhatmif_yK_yifwwfwJhowWd tmemygerSm&Sdw,f? 'gajumifh tmemygeudk um,



152 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ocFg& ac:wm/ tmemygeu_yK_yifvdkh cE<mudk,fwpfudk,fvHk; odrfarGh^yD; y\Ý, îdrf;at;ae^yD? udk,f.ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;/ pdwf.ylyef_cif;/ yifyef;_cif;r&Sdawmhbl;? tJ'D r&SdwJhtaea&mufatmif vkyfprf;yg? um,y\'<d/ pdwWy\'<d/ udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.at;îdrf;_cif; _zpfwJhtcgusawmh 'DykídKvf&Jh touf@SLyg odrfarGhw,f/ El;nH–cefhnm;w,f/ 'Dvdk_zpfvmvdrfhr,f? El;nH–w,f/ cefhnm;w,fqdkwJht"dyg,faumem;vnf&Jhvm;/ ckjunf–prf;/ wcsKdhu wdkwkdom@SLwwfw,f/&Snf&Snfr@SLwwfbl;? wcsKdhu _yif;_yif;om@SLwwfw,f/ aysmhaysmh r@SLwwfbl;? wcsKdhu aysmhaysmhom@SLwwfw,f/ _yif;_yif;@SLvdkh r&bl;?

tmemygeudk udk,f@SLcsifovdk _zpfju&Jhvm;/ udk,f@SLcsifovdkr_zpfbl;? cE<mudk,fylyef_cif;/ pdwfylyef_cif; rîdrf;at;juao;bl;?um,y\'<d/ pdwWy\'<d_zpfvdkh um,y\Ýe/ pdwWy\Ýe/ udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.îdrf;at;_cif;_zpfwJhtcgusawmh tmemygeu udk,fvkyfovdk &w,f? El;nH–w,f/ cef;nm;w,f/ OyrmbmeJh_yovJ/ a@$udk tnpftaju; xkwfypfvdkufvdkh aysmha_ymif;vmwJhtcgusawmhykwD;/ em;aùmif;paom xdkxdkwefqmyvmawGudk vkyfvdkh&ovdk/ rk'k/El;nH–vmw,f/ urRntr+Y cef;nm;vmw,fqdkwm udk,fvkyfovdk &vmwmudk a_ymwm/ tmemyge odrfarGhvmw,f/ tmemyge odrfarGhvmvdkh xGufrSef; 0ifrSef;rodavmufatmif tifrwefudkbJodrfarGhaew,fvdkh 'DvdkwifqdkwJh t"dyg,fvdkh rSwfraeeJh?

cE<mudk,fu oefh&Sif;aeawmh udk,fvkyfovdk&Edkifw,f? wdkwdkvkyfcsifvnf; wdkwdk&/ &Snf&Snfvkyfcsifvnf; &Snf&Snf&/ _yif;_yif;vkyfcsifvnf; _yif;_yif;&/ tmemygeudk udk,fvkyfovdk&w,f? bm_zpfvdkhvJ? pdwftm;u aumif;aevdkhaygh? udk,fylyef_cif; yifyef;_cif;uvnf;



îdrf;at;ae^yD/ pdwfuvnf; aumif;ae^yD 'Dawmh udk,fvkyfcsifovdk&wmaygh?

y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H qdkwJhtwdkif; um,y\Ý,/ udk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;_zpfatmif tmemygeudk vkyfw,f/ tmemygeudk vkyfvdkhudk,f.îdrf;at;_cif;/ pdwf.îdrf;at;_cif; _zpfwJhtcgrS tmemygeonfudk,fvkyfovdk &a&m?

omomvkyfcsifvnf; _zpfw,f? _yif;_yif;vkyfcsifvnf; _zpfw,f/&Snf&Snfvkyfcsifvnf; _zpfw,f/ wdkwkdvkyfcsifvnf; _zpfw,f/ b,fvdkvkyfvkyf tmemygeeJhywfoufvdkh tvkyfrcufygbl;? tJ'D rcufwJhtaeusatmif vkyfyg? 'DrSmvnf; od=wdeJhudk;? y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H/t\od\mrDwd od=wdwJh? od=wdeJh_zpfawmh udk,fvkyfovdk vkyfcsifovdk wdkwdkvnf;vkyfvdkh&w,f/ &Snf&Snfvnf;vkyfvdkh&w,f? _yif;_yif;vnf;vkyfvdkh&w,f? aysmhaysmhvnf;vkyfvdkh&w,f? b,fvdkvkyfvkyf udk,fvkyfovdk _zpfap&r,f? Edkifeif;ae^yD/ Edkifeif;w,fqdkwmvkyfovdk_zpfaewm? um,y\'<d pdwWy\'<d _zpfrSomvsSif t\mo/y\mou El;nH–w,f/ cefhjurf;w,f/ tJ'D udk,fvkyfovdk vkyfvdkh&wJht_zpfa&mufatmif tmemygeudkavhusifhygvdkh pwkwÔenf;u 'Dvdkqdkw,f?

pwkwÔenf;u y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H/wwd,enf;u oAýum, yùdoHa0'D/'kwd,enf;u 'DCH 0gt\oa÷m/yxrenf;u oawm0 t\owd?


154 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

'Dawmh yxrpwkèrSm 4-enf;&Sdw,f/ tmemygerSm 4-enf;om tm;xkwf&r,f? 'D 4-enf;tm;xkwfvdkh&Sd&if aemuf'kwd,pwkèwwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkèqdkwm tm;xkwfenf; toD;t_cm;r&Sdbl;?yxrpwkèudk _ynf–_ynf–pHkpHk tm;xkwf yD;vdkh&Sd&if 'kwd,pwkèudk igb,fpsmef0ifpm;r,f/ yDwdokcESifhwuG_zpfaom psmef0ifpm;r,f/ 'DvdkESvHk;oGif;^yD; tm;xkwf&if&wmbJ?

wwd,pwkèusawmhvnf; pdwfudkwnf idrfatmif pdwfudkxif&Sm;atmif psmef0ifpm;r,fqdk yD;awmh yxrpwkè txa_rmuf yD;om;ykídKvfu 0ifpm;Edkifw,f? 'Dawmh wwd,pwkèvkyfxHk;vnf; txl;r&Sdbl;wJh?

pwkwÔ pwkèusawmh 0dy\emoufouf/ yxr pwkè txa_rmufatmif vkyf yD;om;ykídKvfu yxrpwkèudk vkyfvmvdkh vrf;pOftwdkif;^yD;wJhtcg xGufav 0ifavu @kyf@kyf@kyf@kyf@kyf/ xGufav 0ifav odaompdwfu emrf? um&Zum,ESifhwuG xGufav 0ifavudk odaompdwfu emrfemrfemrfemrfemrf? tJ'Dvdk @kyfESifhemrfcGJ yD; 0dy\emvrf;udk oGm;vdkuf? yxrpwkè txa_rmuf yD;om;ykídKvfu 0dy\emul;csifawmh @kyfemrfcGJ yD;ul;oGm;/ 'gudkqdkwm? 'Dawmh yxrpwkèomvsSif vkyfxHk;vkyfenf; t_ynf–tpHk&Sdw,f?

yxrpwkèrSm _ynf–pHkwJhw&m;? &p&m&SdwJhw&m; tukefvHk;&&r,f? yxrpwkèeJh tukefvHk;_ynf–pHk/ tukefvHk;&^yD;wJhaemuf 'kwd,pwkè/ wwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkèudk txl;vkyf&efrvdkygbl;? rvdkwmu b,fvdkykídKvfvnf;/ yxrpwkè txa_rmuf yD;wJhykídKvf/ ckawmh yxrpwkè yxrenf;awmif txra_rmufjuao;awmh b,fhES,fvkyfrvJ? bm_yKvdkhtxra_rmufEdkifygvdrfh? pwk,k*f/ ajwjw,k*f/



'Ggy&,k*f/ uvd,k*fwJh? uÝmrSm ,k*fav;rsKd;&Sdw,f? tJ'D ,k*fav;rsKd;wdkhwGif pwk,k*fqdkwm a_cav;acsmif;owW0gawG/ a_r_yifrSm a_cav;acsmif;axmufouJhodkh uÝmay:&SdowW0gawG tukefvHk; w&m;&Sdjuw,fwJh? w&m;uif;rJhwJhykídKvf&,fvdkh wpfpHkwpfa,mufrS r&Sdbl;wJh? arwWm/ *@k%m/ rk'dwm/ Oay=mqdkwJh _A[R0d[m&w&m;/ [D&djowy qdkwJh uÝmapmifhw&m;/ olawmfaumif;wdkh &Sdoifh&SdxdkufwJhw&m;rSeforsS owW0gawGrSm t_ynf–tpHk&Sdw,f/ b,fowW0g wpfOD;wpfa,mufrS w&m;rJhwJh owW0g&,fvdkh r&Sdpaumif;bl;wJh? a_cav;acsmif;pvHk; a_ray:rSmaxmufouJhodkh uÝmay:&SdowW0gawG tukefvHk; w&m;&Sdwmudk pwk,k*f ac:w,f?

ajwjw,k*fqdkwm a_cav;acsmif;&SdwJhowW0g[m a_coHk;acsmif;om a_rrSmaxmufbdouJhodkh uÝmay:&SdowW0gawG[m 4-yHk”yHk- 3yHkom w&m;uyfw,f? 1-yHkw&m;r&Sdbl;? tJ'Dvdk owW0gawG 4-yHk”yHk 3yHkom w&m;uyfvdkh 1-yHkw&m;rJhoGm;wmudk ajwjw,k*f ac:w,f?

'Ggy&,k*fqdkwmu a_cav;acsmif;&SdaomowW0gawG a_cESpfacsmif;om a_rrSmaxmufbdouJhodkh uÝmay:&dSowW0gawG w0ufomaumif;w,f/ w0ufraumif;bl;wJh? ckawmh w0ufaumif; w0ufraumif;awmif &Sdyghrvm;? 'Ggy&,k*fawmif r[kwfawmhbl;? uvd,k*fa&mufae^yD?

uvd,k*fqdkwm tifrwefqdk;0g;wJhacwf}uD;/ toufwpfaxmifwef;u 'DbufrSm rdðm'dõday:vmw,f? toufwpfaxmifwef; [dkbufwkef;u rdðm'dõd r&Sdao;bl;? touf 500-wef;u 'DbufrSmt"rR&m*/ 0doravmbawG ay:vmw,f/ t"rR&m*/ 0doravmbqdkwm rw&m;vdkcsifaom avmb? w&m;ESifhrnD!$wfaom avmb


156 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

udk ac:w,f? a,musfm;ESifhrdef;r wyfrufwmrsKd; r[kwfbJ a,musfm;tcsif;csif;/ rdef;rtcsif;csif;wyfrufwJh t"rR&m*? rd}uD;/ rdaxG; ponfwdkhY wyfrufwwfwJh0doravmbwdkh[m tESpf 500-wef;&Jh 'DbufrSmay:vmw,f?

'Dawmh trSefu raumif;r+tukodkvf udavomqdkwm toufwef;,kwf&if ,kwfoavmuf rsm;”rsm;vmw,f? tcktcgrSm toufwef;uvnf; ,kwf/ uvd,k*f tcgeJhvnf;}uHKaeawmh 'DcE<m 'DtwWabm[m b,fhES,fvkyf oefh&Sif;rvJ? cE<mtwWabm roefh&Sif;vdkh&Sd&if tmemygeudk udk,fvkyfovdk b,fvdkvkyfEdkifrvJ? 0if owdxm;? xGufowdxm; vkyfaz:&&if 'Dvl[mawmfvS yD? txra_rmufcsif aeygapawmh? tuef;awGxJrSm rsufcrf;pyfu vlarmfaygh? tuef;awGeJhrsufcrf;pyf b,foluydk_rifovJ? rsufcrf;pyfu _rifygw,f?[dk¢rsufpdaumif;wJhvlawGeJhpm&ifom rsufcrf;pyfunH–wmudkk;? pHkvHk;uef;awGESifhpm&if rsufcrf;pyfuomygw,f? odkhayrJh tck owdyõmefvkyfxHk;udka[mwmu pm&SdwJhtwdkif; A[kokw&Sdjuygapvdkh a[mwm?'Dtwdkif;vkyf&r,fvdkh a[mwmr[kwfbl;?

'Dtwdkif; vkyfvdkh_zpfwJhacwfr[kwfawmhbl;qdkwm 'dkhodygw,f/odkhayr,fvdkh pmrSm 'Dvdk&Sdw,fvdkh jum;zl;em;0 A[kokw&Sdatmifvdkha[mwm?

ck_zpfEdkifwmu b,fvdkvJ/ uvd,kwfacwf _zpfonf–tm;avsmfpGm owW0gwdkho÷mefrSm "gwfqdk;"gwf0g;awGu tifrwefjurf;wrf;w,f/eJeJuav;r@SLvdkufeJh @SLvdkuf&if udk,fa&mpdwfa&m azmuf_yefvmwmbJ? tJ'Dawmh tmemygeudk 0ifod/ xGufodeJh@SLay;/ @SL&if cE<mudk,f. azmuf_yefr+awG/ pdwf.azmuf_yefr+awG _zpfvmvdrfhr,f? _zpfvm



wJhtcgusawmh tJ'D udk,f.azmuf_yefr+/ pdwf.azmuf_yefr+awGudk owdxm;yg? rcHombl;/ roufombl;? qif;&Jw,f/ tJ'gudk b,fvdkodatmifowdwm;&rvJ? ckwifua_ymwJh orZnusatmif owdxm;&r,f?cE<mudk,frSma&m/ acgif;a&m/ twGif;a&m/ t_yifa&m _zpfp&m&SdwmawG[m r_zpfbJaervm;? udk,fuomowdrxm;vdkh _zpfrSef;rodvdkh/ r_zpfbJuawmh raeygbl;? obm0"rRu t^rJ_zpfaewm?

pdwfuav;udk idrf yD;awmh udk,fuav;udk idrf yD;awmh w&m;tm;xkwf&mrSm udk,fudkodrf;qnf;_cif;/ pdwfudkodrf;qnf;_cif;vdkh ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f?

(yvÛuÙ tmbkZdwGm/ OZHk um,H y%d"m,) yvÛuÙ/ yvÛifudk?tmbkZdwGm/ xuf0,facGI? um,H/ txufydkif;_zpfaom udk,fudk? OZHk/a_zmifha_zmifh? y%d"m,/ xm;I? txufydkif;udk,fudk a_zmifha_zmifhxm;/rv+yfr,Suf a_zmifha_zmifhxm;? 'gudk udk,fodrf;qnf;_cif; ac:w,f?

(y&drkcHowd H OyõaywGm) owþ/ owdudk? y&drkcH/ urRõmef;odkha&Sh@+? OyõaywGm/ _zpfapI? pdwfudk [kd[dk'D'DroGm;apbJ w&m;tm@HkrSmxm;wmudk pdwfodrf;qnf;w,f ac:w,f?

yvÛuÙ tmbkZdwGm/ OZHk um,H y%d"m,”u udk,fudkodrf;qnf;r+?y&drkcHowd H OyõaywGm”u pdwfudk odrf;qnf;r+?

'Dawmh urRõmef;tm;xkwf&mrSm udk,fodrf;qnf;r+/ pdwfodrf;qnf;r+/ 2-rsKd;vHk;eJh udk,fa&mpdwfa&modrf;qnf;vdkufwJhtcgusawmhcE<mudk,fu roefh&Sif;wJhtwGuf azmufazmuf_yef_yefawG _zpfvmw,f?


158 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tJ'D azmufazmuf_yef_yefawG _zpfvmwJhtcg owdxm;prf;yg? azmufazmuf_yef_yefawG _zpfr+xJrSm udk,fryg” ygapeJh? ckawmh azmufazmuf_yef_yefawG _zpfr+awGxJrSm udk,fygaew,f? yg&if 'g orZn r_zpfao;bl;? orZnr_zpf&if owdtm;ao;vdkh/ owdtm;ao;vdkh orZn r_zpfrSef;od&if tmemyge }udK;pm;vkyf/ tvkyfudktavsmh ray;eJh/tmemyge wdk;vkyf/ tmemyge owdtm;aumif;rSomvsSif 'Dobm0"rRawGudk orZn_zpfatmif udk,fcE<meJh rwGJrpyfatmifodrSm? tmemyge txa_rmufwmxuf _zpf_zpforsSobm0awGxJ udk,fcE<m rygbl;vdkhodwJh todu twufwef;usw,f? ckwifu a[maewJh tmemygeawGu c&D;a&mufayr,fvdkh 'Davmuftxufwef; rusbl;? 'gajumifhtck twdkvrf;uae^yD;awmh vdkufae&wm? tmemygetm;xkwf/ em&ifemrSef;od/ udkuf&ifudkufrSef;od/ qif;&Jqif;&JrSef;odvdkh a0'empcef;udkvSnf–ay;ae&wm? uvd,kwfacwfeJh }uHKawGhae&wJhtwGuf owW0gawG[m tvGefjurf;wrf;aeju^yD? b,folho÷mefrsm; w&m;a&mufr,fxifvdkhvJ/ b,folrsm; w&m;odr,fxifvdkhvJ/ udk,fhtodw&m;eJhudk,fpOf;pm;junf–prf;? ig” b,favmufrsm; odEdkifwJhykídKvfvJvdkh/ rdbbdk;bGm;”q&morm; 'DvdkykídKvfawG rSD;rSD;^yD;awmh odvmjuvdkhom odouJhodkh xifae&wm? rdbbdk;bGm; q&morm;rrSD;&bJeJh udk,fhtod]m%fuav;eJhudk,f odjunf–prf;yg? b,favmufrsm; odEdkifr,fxifovJ/b,favmufrS rodEdkifygbl;?

tJ'Dawmh b,favmufrSrodEdkifwJh owW0g[m b,fhES,fvkyfaumif;rvJ/ aumif;w,fqdkwm tod”u aumif;&rSm? ckacwfrSm odEdkifavmufatmif aumif;wJhacwfr[kwfbJeJh bm_zpfvdkhodaejuovJqdkawmh tJ'Drdb”bdk;bGm;&Jh rdaumif;”zaumif; om;orD;/ q&maumif;aumif; orm;aumif;&Jh wynf–_zpfvdkh? tJ'Dvdk aygif;oif;qufqHa&;uav; tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh odwefoavmuf odae&wm txifr



}uD;juygeJh? udk,fhtaeeJhawmh b,favmufrS rodbl;? omoemudktrSD_yK^yD; odwefoavmuf od&wJhtodwdkhwGif b,f[maumif;ovJ?cE<mudk,f _zpf_zpforsSobm0awGxJrSm udk,faumifra&maESmbJ acgif;u_zpfvnf; acgif;rygbJ/ udk,fu_zpfvnf; udk,frygbJ/ vufu_zpfvnf;vufrygbJ/ a_cu_zpfvnf; a_crygbJ _zpf_cif;obm0oufoufudkomod&if toarRm[orZOf tod_zpfwJhtwGuf taumif;qHk;_zpfw,f?

tJ'D owdorZnuae^yD; @kyfemrfcGJvdkuf&if 0dy\em]m%fuwufoGm;&rSm/ ckacwftcgrSm b,fuwufvdkhrSr&bl;? tJ'Du wufrS &rSm? 'gajumifh udk,fxJu_zpf_zpforsSudk cE<mudk,feJhuGJatmif }udK;pm;I tm;xkwfEdkifjuygapukefownf;?


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Þowday;owday;owday;owday;owday;ß

vrf;a_zmifhw&m; awGhygom;ESifhtrsm;rl;wdkif; eifr@l;ESifhxl;odtcg 0dy\emudktcgcgyGm;rS oGm;&rnf–oHo&m tpOfyg?



160 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a_rmif;_rø a0VK0wD urRõmef;wdkufYaus;Zl;&Sif a0VK0wD q&mawmfbk&m;}uD;onf

1331-ck oDwif;u|wfv_ynf–aehwGifwynf–wdkhtm; a[mjum;qHk;rawmfrltyfaom

aw&or t}udrfa_rmuf


um,Eky\em owdyõmef? a0'emEky\em owdyõmef?pdwWmEky\emowdyõmef? "rRmEky\emowdyõmef 4-yg;udk tusOf;tm;_zifhac:awmh um,/ a0'em/ pdwW/ "rRwJh? um,u” um,Eky\emowdyõmef? a0'emu” a0'emEky\emowdyõmef? pdwWu” pdwWmEkyy\emowdyõmef? "rRu” "rRmEky\emowdyõmef? tJ'DavmufawmhodjurSbJ/ wpf0gwGif;vHk; w&m;emvmawmh owdyõmef 4-yg;udkawmha_ymwwfavmufyg^yD?

owdeJhyõmefeJh twlwlvm;/ w_cm;pDvm;vdkh ar;vdkh&Sd&if owd{0yõmeH owdyõmeH vdkhqdkaomajumifh owdeJhyõmefeJh twlwlvdkha_z&r,f? owdonfyifvsSif yõme/ yõmevnf; owdbJ? tJ'gajumifh2-ckaygif;vdkufawmh owdyõmef? xdkowdudk bmvdkh yõme ac:ovJ?wcgar;vdkufawmh vkyfwJhowd/ xifwJhowdvdkh owdu”2-rsKd;&Sdw,f?tJ'Dowdyõmefu owdusawmh xifwJhowdudk ac:w,f/ tm@Hkudkowdu oGm;”oGm;^yD;awmh xifw,f? wenf;/ tm@Hku owdudk vmvmuyfw,f/ owdu tm@HkudkoGm;uyfonf_zpfap/ tm@Hku owdudk


vmuyfonf_zpfap/ 'Dowd[m xifwJhowd/ xifwJhowdudk yõmevdkhac:? tJ'Dvdk xifwJhowdudkrS owdyõmefac:&r,f? vkyf&wJhowdu yõmefra&mufao;bl;? owd&Sd” &Sdaeao;w,f? xifwJhowdusawmhrS yõme?

'Dawmh owd{0 yõmeH owdyõmeH? owd{0/ owdonfyifvsSif? yõmeH/ xifonfwnf;? owdyõmeH/ xifaomowd? xifaomowd qdkwmbmvJ/ t"dyg,fu owdutm@Hkudk oGm;uyfw,f? odkhr[kwf tm@Hku owdvmuyfw,f? xifaomowdonfyifvsSif _zpfaomowd? 'Da,m*DykídKvf&Jh &ifxJESvHk;xJrSm owduyfvm^yD? owd_zpfvm^yDvdkh tJ'Dvdka_ymwm?

um,Eky\em owdyõmef? a0'emEky\em owdyõmef?pdwWmEky\em owdyõmef? "rRmEky\em owdyõmefqdkwJh 4-rsKd;xJu um,Eky\em owdyõmefrSm tmemygeAýponftm;_zifh um,mEky\em owdyõmef 14-yg; &Sdw,f?

tJ'D um,mEky\em owdyõmef 14-yg;xJu tptOD; owdyõmefu tmemygewJh? tJ'D tmemygeu wyg;aom a'oemawGrSmawmh yxrpwkè/ 'kwd,pwkè/ wwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkè vdkhpwkè 4-csufa[mw,f? yxrpwkè 4-cktaygif;? 'kwd,pwkè4-cktaygif;? wwd,pwkè 4-cktaygif;? pwkwÔpwkè 4-cktaygif;?4-ckav;vD 16-ck? tJ'g tmemyget_ynfhtpHk/ tmemyge aomVo0wÔKu tmemyge0wÔKaygif; 16-yg;&Sdw,fvdkh wyg;aom a'oemrSma[mw,f?

(aw&or)r[mowdyõmefw&m;awmf 161


162 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

,ckowdyõmefa'oemawmfrSmawmh tmemygeudk yxrpwkèwpfckwnf;a[mcJhw,f? tJ'D yxrpwkèrSm yxr'ku/ 'kwd,'ku/wwd,'ku/ pwkwÔ'ku¢vdkh 'ku 4-yg;&Sdw,f? 'ku qdkwm ygVdvdk?Armvdkuawmh 2-cktaygif;/ 'GdEMH/ ESpfckwdkh.? orla[m/ taygif;wnf;?'kaum/ 2-cktaygif;? b,fvdktaygif;ygvdrfh? oawm0 t\owd?oawm0 y\owd? xGufavuwpfck/ 0ifavuwpfck? tJ'D 2-cku yxu'ku/ 2-cktaygif;wJh? xGufavwpfckESifh0ifavwpfckudkoawmum&D'ku ac:w,f?

xGuf” xGufrSef;odatmifowdxm;? 0if” 0ifrSef;odatmif owdxm;? a,m*Du tJ'gudkvkyfae&w,f? oawmum&D _yKae&w,f?(bmudk_yKae&w,f) xGufav”0ifavudk xGuf” xGufrSef;odatmif owd_yK? 0if” 0ifrSef;odatmif owd_yK? 'gudk oawmum&D'ku ac:wm?

wcg 'kwd,'kuusawmh t&Snfuwpfck? twdkuwpfck? t&Snftwdk 2-ck_zpfaomajumifh 'kwd,'ku ac:w,f?

wwd,'kuusawmh oAýum,yùdoHa0'D/ tvHk;pHk xGufav0ifavtaygif;udk xif&Sm;atmif @SL&r,f/ @SdKuf&r,fvdkh 'Dvdkqdkxm;w,f? 'Dusawmh oAýum,'ku vdkhac:w,f? oAý”u tvHk;pHk? um,u xGufav”0ifavtaygif;/ oAýum,/ tvHk;pHkaom xGufav 0ifav taygif;? tvHk;pHkaom xGufav”0ifavtaygif;rSmvnf; xGufavu wpf/ 0ifavu wpf _zpfwJhtwGuf oAýum,'ku ac:w,f?

aemuf pwkwÔ'ku usawmh y\Ý,H um,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wd vdkh qdkwJhtwGuf y\Ý,'ku ac:w,f?



tJ'Dawmh¢oawm0 t\owdu 'kuwpfck?'DCH 0g t\oa÷mu 'kupfck?oAýum,yùdoHa0'Du 'kuwpfck?y\Ý,H um,ocFg&Hu 'kuwpfck?

'g_zifh 'ku 4-ck r_zpfbl;vm;? tJ'D 4-ckudk tajumif;_yK^yD;awmh pwkèvdkh ac:_yefw,f? pwkEMH orla[m pwkaèm? pwkEMH/4-ckwdkh.? orla[m/ taygif;wnf;? pwkaèm/ 4-ckwdkh.taygif;?

owdyõmefa'oemawmfrSm _rwfpGmbk&m;onf tJ'DyxrpwkèwpfckxJ a[mawmfrlw,f? onf–_yifa'oemawmfawGrSm yxrpwkè/'kwd,pwkè/ wwd,pwkè/ pwkwÔpwkè vdkha[mawmfrlaomfvnf;vkyfxHk;uawmh yxrpwkè wpfckxJ&Sdw,f? 'gajumifh vkyfxHk;&SdwJhyxrpwkè wpfckxJudkom owdyõmefa'oemrSm _rwfpGmbk&m; a[mawmfrlwm? tJ'D yxrpwkèrSm 0ifod xGufodudk oawmum&D'kuac:w,f?

tJ'D oawmum&D'kurSm *%emenf;qdkwm wpf”ESpf”oHk;”av;a&wGufwm? xGufav”0ifav (1)/ xGufav”0ifav (2)/ xGufav0ifav (3)/ xGufav 0ifav (4)/ ponf_zifh a&wGuf yD;vkyfwmu*%emenf;? tJ'D *%emenf;vkyfawmh ESmacgif;eJhaveJh xdr+aumrygbl;vm;? tJ'DESmacgif;eJhav xdwmudktm@Hk_yKvsSif zkoemenf;vnf;ygoGm;wmaygh?

odkhr[kwf tEkAE<emenf;eJhtm@Hk_yKvsSiff xGufav 0ifavudk*%ef;eJhra&wGufawmhbJ owdeJhtpOfzGJhaomajumifh tEkAE<em vdkh¢


164 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ac:w,f? xGufav”0ifavudk owdeJhtpOfzGJhwJhenf;rSmvnf; xGufav0ifavESifh ESmacgif;eJh xdr+r&Sdbl;vm;? tJ'Dxdr+udk tm@Hk_yKvsSif oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd qdkwJh oawmum&D'ku rSmtEkAE<emenf; zkoemenf;vdkh tJ'Dvdk tm;xkwfenf; 2-rsKd;&oGm;wmaygh? tJ'D tm;xkwfenf; 2-rsKd;eJh tm;xkwfvdkufawmh tifrwefxuf_rufwJh a,m*DykídKvfrSm yxr'kurSmbJ edrdwfay:vmw,f? a,m*Dwdkif;rSmawmh ray:Edkifbl;wJh/ xuf_rufwJha,m*Drsm; yg&rDxl;wJha,m*Drsm;rSm oawmum&D'ku vkyf&if;bJ edrdwfay:vmEdkifw,f?

edrdwfub,fvdk&Sdw,f? (1)OyõmerwW/ xifumrsSedrdwf? (2)bm0empdwf_zifh,lvdkh&wJh Oí[edrdwf/ (3)Öif;Oí[edrdwfeJhtwl ay:vmwJh yùdbm*edrdwfOyõmerwW/ xifumrsSudk Oí[edrdwf rac:ao;bl;? 'gb,fvdk[mvJ/ _AKef;qdk ay:vmvdkuf/ aysmufoGm;vdkuf/ wcgwav olay:csifwJhtcg ay:vmvdkuf? aysmufoGm;vdkuf? tJ'grsKd;udkOí[ rqdkeJhtHk;wJh? OyõmerwW/ xifumrsSbJ? Oí[ qdkwmu bm0empdwf_zifh ,lvdkh&w,f? xifvmwJhedrdwfudk bm0empdwfeJh ^rJatmif,lvdkh&aomajumifh Oí[? yùdbm*usawmh rJvm@Hk ,lvm@Hk rubl;wJh? _yKvkyfwdkif;_zpfvm^yD? ao;csifvnf;ao;Edkifw,f? }uD;csifvnf;}uD;Edkifw,f? t_yifxkwfcsifvnf;xkwfEdkifw,f? edrdwfudk a,m*DykídKvfu upm;csifwdkif;upm;/ tifrwefcdkif rJw,f? tifrwefoefh&Sif;w,f?tifrwefjunfvifw,f? a,m*DykídKvfu vkyfwdkif;&w,f/ 'g”bmac:w,f/ yùdbm*edrdwf?

tmemygerSm xifvmwJhedrdwf[m OyõmerwW/ xifumrsSedrdwf?,lvdkh&wJh Oí[erdwf? a,m*DykídKvf tvdk&Sdovdkvkyfwdkif;&wJh yùdbm*edrdwfvdkh edrdwf (3)-rsKd;&Sdw,f? 'Dedrdwf 3-rsKd;[m pvkyfcgp/



oawm0 t\owd/ oawm0 y\owd qdkwJh 'kurSmvnf; wcsKdhykídKvfrsm;rSm &Edkifw,f? rsm;aomtm;_zifh &wmuawmh 'DC0gt\oa÷mqdkwJh 'DC”&\ (2)-rsKd;eJhtm;xkwfwJh 'kwd,'ku usawmhrStJ'Dedrdwf (3)-yg;&w,f?

'kwd,'kurSm edrdwf (3)yg;&^yD;wJhaemuf oAýum,yùdoHa0'Dt\od\mrDwd od=wd qdkwJh tJ'Dwwd,'kuusawmhrS &^yD;aomedrdwfESifhtwl xGufav”0ifav (3)-yg;vHk; tp”tv,f”tqHk; odap&r,f¢[Jvdkhqdk yD; avhusifh&r,fwJh? 'gajumifh oAýum,yùdoHa0'Dt\od\mrDwd od=wd qdkwm avhusifh&r,f? tm;xkwf&r,fvdkha_ymwm? tJ'Davhusifhr+ tm;xkwfr+udk od=wdvdkh qdkw,f? b,fvdkavhusifh&r,f/ xifyD;aomedrdwfESifhwuG tmemyge xGufav”0ifavudktp” tv,f” tqHk; (3)-yg;vHk;odatmif tm;xkwfr+eJhavhusifh&r,fwJh?

tJ'D oAýum,'ku^yD;awmh y\Ý,'kuusawmh b,fvdkvJ?(um,'&x/ pdwW'&x)(um,y&dvm[? pdwWy&dvm[) tmemygeutpOftwdkif;vkyfvmcJhawmh 'Dusawmh tnpftaju;uif;oGm;^yD; udk,f.ylyef_cif;/ pdwf.ylyef_cif;? a,m*DykídKvf&Jho÷mefrSm pifju,foGm;^yD?pifju,foGm;awmh um,ocFg&ac:wJh tmemyge[m odrfarGhvmw,f?El;nH–vmw,f? cefhjurf;vmw,f/ bm_zpfvdkhvJ? rSD&m u&Zum,”upifju,faomajumifh rSD&mcE<mudk,fu pifju,faomajumifh tmemygeuvnf; odrfarGh El;nH –cefhjurf;vmw,f?

at;¢tnpftaju;ruif;wJha@$[m txkrcHbl;/ xk&ifuGJw,f/qGJcsifwdkif;qGJvdkh r&bl;/ _ywfw,f? bm_zpfvdkh/ tnpftaju;ruif;vdkh/


166 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tnpftaju;uif;wJha@$usawmh txkcHw,f/ qGJcsifwdkif;qGJvdkh&w,f/ykwD; em;aùmif;tp&Sdaom xdkxdktxnf0wÔKawGudk vkyfvdkh&w,f?xdkenf;wlpGm cE<mudk,fu tnpftaju; tyltyefuif;oGm;awmh tmemyge[m odrfarGhEl;nH– cefhjurf;w,f? a,m*DykídKvf vkyfovdk&w,f/a,m*DykídKvftvdktwdkif; _zpfw,fvdkhqdkvdkw,f? y\Ý,/ um,ocFg& qdkwJh 'D'ku”u ykívAsmyg&rygbJeJh tmemygeudktomuav; tvdkufoifhuav;@SLaewm? Asmyg& rxnfhawmhbl;? pdwfuawmh b,fxm;ovJqdk&if yùdbm*edrdwfay:rSm xm;w,f/ *%em a&wGufItm;xkwfwJhenf;rSm zkoemenf;eJhwGJw,f? tEkAE<em tpOfzGJhI tm;xkwfenf;rSmvnf; zkoemeJhwGJw,f? tck[muawmh Xmyemenf;qdkawmh tmemygeudk odyf*@krpdkufeJhawmh? tmemyge[m tvdkufoifhuav; olh[mol @SLaeayap? yùdbm*edrdwfay:rSm pdwfudkxm;? tyempsmefudkwufcsifwJhykídKvf[m yùdbm*edrdwfay:rSmpdwfxm;^yD; wuf&w,f? tJ'g y\Ý,um,ocFg& qdkwJh'kubJ?

tJ'D yùdbm*edrdwfxifcJhvdkh&Sd&if Oypm&orm"da&muf yD? Oypm&orm"deJhrS tm;r&vdkh tyempsmefudk vdkcsifao;vsSif Xmyemenf;eJh tm;xkwf? Xmyemenf;eJh a&Shquftm;xkwfawmh psmef &Edkifw,f?psmef&ayr,fvdkh ,cktcgrSm toufwef;uvnf;wdkw,f? tema&m*guvnf; rsm;w,f? udavomuvnf; xla_ymw,f? &zdkhvnf;rvG,fbl;? &_yefvnf; 'Dpsmefudkapmifha&Smufzdkh rvG,fbl;? 'gajumifh psmefudkrvdkcsifygbl;qdk^yD; yùdbm*edrdwfxifvdkh Oypm&avmufa&muf&if0dy\embuful;&ifvnf; _zpfw,f? 'g_zifh Oypm&a&mufrS ul;vdkh&ovm;vdkhar;&if Oypm&ra&mufcif Oí[edrdwfuul;vnf; &wmygbJ?bmedrdwfrSrxifcif y&durRedrdwfu ul;vnf;&wmygbJ? 0dy\emul;wmuawmh b,fubJul;”ul; &ygw,f? y&durRedrdwfqdkwm tmemyge urRõmef;twGuf xGufav”0ifavudkac:w,f? tJ'D xGufav”0if



avtm@Hk[m y&durRedrdwf/ y&durRqdkwmu ta_ccH/ edrdwWu tm@Hk/ta_ccH_zpfwJhtm@Hkudk y&durRedrdwfac:w,f?

y&durRedrdwf_zpfwJh tmemygerSm owduyf yD;aecJhaomf y&durRorm"d? tJ'D y&durRorm"duae^yD; ul;vnf;&wmbJ? xGufwdkif;0ifwdkif; xGufav”0ifavrSm owduyfae&if 'DykídKvf&JhpdwfrSm udavom uyftHk;rvm;/ rîdrfoufbl;vm;? tJ'Dvdk udavomruyfvdkh idrfouf&if 0dy\embuful;ayawmh? orxeJhom aevdkhawmh a_rvsSKd;rdk;ysH wefcdk;tbd]m%feJhaeayrJh pdwfrcs&bl;? 'Da,m*DawG[m ausmif;rSm ntdyfEdkif&Jhvm;? rtdyfEdkifbl;? bm_zpfvdkhvJ/ _yefavsSmvdkh/ orxeJhawmh tJ'Dvdkcsnf; _yef_yefavsSmaerSmbJ? _yefravsSmatmif 0dy\emul;vkyf?

tJ'Dawmh [dk y&durRedrdwf/ y&durRbm0emu ul;wJh0dy\emuwrsKd;/ Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0emu ul;wJh0dy\emu wrsKd;/ Oí[edrdwfuvnf; bm0emusawmh y&durRbm0embJ? y&durRedrdwf/Oí[edrdwf 2-yg;onf y&durRbm0emESifhqdkifonf? yùdbm*edrdwfudka&mufvdkh Oypm&bm0emuul;wJh 0dy\emuvnf; wrsKd;/ psmef&atmiftm;xkwfEdkifwJhykídKvfusawmh Öif;psmefuul;cJhvsSif tyembm0emuaeul;wJh 0dy\emvdkh ac:w,f?

'Dawmh Oypm&u ul;ul;/ tyemusrS ul;ul;/ tJ'gudk pdwW0dok'<duae ul;w,fvdkhac:w,f?

oOypm&/ tõormywWda,m pdwW0dok'<demr?

oOypm&/ Oypm&ESifhwuG_zpfukefaom? tõormywWda,m/&Spfyg;aom ormywfwdkhonf? pdwW0dok'<demr/ pdwW0dok'<d rnf.?


168 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

yùdbm*edrdwfxifvdkh Oypm& a&mufcJhvsSif enf;uawmh Xmyemenf;0dok'<dtpOfuawmh tJ'Dusawmh pdwW0dok'<dac:w,f? tJ'D pdwW0dok'<da&mufawmhrS 0dy\emudkul;&if orx,meduvrf; ac:w,f?

ckwifu tmemyge y&durRedrdwf/ Oí[edrdwf/ y&durRbm0emuae^yD;ul;cJhaomf ok'<0dy\em ,meduvrf;ac:w,f? ok'<0dy\em,meduvrf;u oDv0dok'<duae^yD;awmh 0dy\emudkul;w,f? orx,meduvrf;u pdwW0dok'<duae^yD; 0dy\emudkul;w,f?

'Dawmh wpf0gwGif;vHk;a[mxm;ayrJhvdkh ,aehrSvmwJh vlopfawGu&Sdaeawmh enf;enf;yg;yg;rS em;vnfygapawmhvdkh aemufu[mudk xnf–a_ym&ao;w,f? 'gvdk&if; ra&mufao;bl;? 'Dtwdkif;oma[moGm;&ifawmh uaehvnf;^yD;rSmr[kwfbl;? aemufOykofvnf; vmjurSmr[kwfawmh ^yD;atmifvnf; a[m&tHk;rSmudk;?

udkif;¢bmta_ccH rwkef;/ oawm0 t\owdupI y\Ý,Hum,ocFg&H t\od\mrDwd od=wd-wdkifatmif 'DygVdawmf[myxrpwkè/ tJ'D yxrpwkè^yD;awmh bmoGm;ovJ?

âwd tZñwWH0guma, um,mEky\D 0d[&wd- qdkwJh ygVdawmfrSm urRõmey*k%wJh? urRõmef;tm;xkwfwJh a,m*DykídKvf[murRõmef; tavhtvmwGifatmif urRõmef;ausmif;xJudkvnf; 0iftm;xkwfyg? urRõmef;ausmif;u xGufvmwJhtcgusawmhvnf; 'DurRõmef;udk vufv$wfrxm;ygeJh? âwd qdkwmbmvJ? âwdqdkwm ed'\e teuf&Sdw,f? vuf!d+;xdk;_yw,f/ a[m'Daemufu vkyfcJhwJhtwdkif;bJwJh? tZñwWH0guma,/ rdrdtZñwWY_zpfaom xGufouf”0ifouftaygif;/



(odkhr[kwf) aumõmotaygif; (odkhr[kwf) r[mbkwf/ Oyg'g@kyftaygif;Y/ tJ'Dtaygif;awGudk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ@+yg¢wJhtJ'Dtaygif;awGudk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ@+yg¢wJhtJ'Dtaygif;awGudk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ@+yg¢wJhtJ'Dtaygif;awGudk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ@+yg¢wJhtJ'Dtaygif;awGudk wpfckcsif;uGJatmif tzefwvJvJ@+yg¢wJh? t_yifxGufaeayrJh trSwfwrJh raeygeJh/ (urRõme y*k%) urRõmef; tavhtvmwGifatmifvkyfyg? wcgwavusawmhvnf; A[d'<g0guma,/udk,fhrSmvnf; tmemygeeJh olhrSmvnf; tmemygeeJh/ umrbHkom;awGtmemygeeJhuif;wJhol &Sdovm;? udk,f tmemyge@SLovdk olrsm;vnf;tmemyge@SLjuwmbJvdkh tm@Hk_yK^yD;awmh olwpfyg; tmemygeudk tm@Hk_yK/ (odkhr[kwf)olwpfyg;. aumõoudk tm@Hk_yK/ (odkhr[kwf)olwpfyg;. r[mbkwf Oyg'g@kyfudk tm@Hk_yK/ 'Dwpf}udrfrSm udk,fhudk,fudkvSnf–tm@Hk_yKvdkuf/ aemufwpf}udrfrSm olwpfyg;udk,fudk vSnf–tm@Hk_yKvkduf/aemufqHk;ydwft}udrfusawmh udk,fhudk,fa&m/ olwpfyg;udk,fa&m tm@Hk_yKvdkuf/ 'DvdkqdkvdkwJht"dyg,fyg? 'gudk urRõmey*k% ac:w,f?

âwd tZñwWH 0g uma, um,mEky\D 0d[&wd?A[d'<g 0g uma, um,mEky\D 0d[&wd?tZñwW A[d'<g 0g uma, um,mEky\D 0d[&wd?

'Dvdk (3)-csufr[kwfvm;/ 'g urRõmef; avhvmyHkudka[mwm/tavhtvmwGifatmif b,fvdkvkyf&r,f? urRõmef;ausmif;xJ raebJeJh t_yifxGufwJhtcgvnf;bJ tJ'Dpdwft^rJxm;ygt_yifxGufwJhtcgvnf;bJ tJ'Dpdwft^rJxm;ygt_yifxGufwJhtcgvnf;bJ tJ'Dpdwft^rJxm;ygt_yifxGufwJhtcgvnf;bJ tJ'Dpdwft^rJxm;ygt_yifxGufwJhtcgvnf;bJ tJ'Dpdwft^rJxm;ygvdkh 'Dvdkqdkvdkw,f?

^yD;awmh b,foGm;ovJ/ ork',"rRmEky\D0g um,oRþ 0d[&wd-vdkh a_ymif;roGm;bl;vm;? [dkbufu tmemygevkyfxHk;udk tpHktvif _y^yD;awmh 0dy\emvrf;a_ymif;csifvdkh/ tajumif;odrf;qnf;yHkudk_ywm?

(ork',"rRmEky\D0g um,oRþ 0d[&wd)/ um,oRþ/ xGufouf0ifouf taygif;Y? 0g/ r[mbkwf Oyg'g@kyf taygif;Y?


170 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

ork',"rRmEky\D0g/ _zpfajumif;udk odrf;qnf;onf _zpfIvnf;? 0g/ _zpfajumif;udk tzefwvJvJ @+onf_zpfIvnf;? 0d[&wd/ae.? xGufouf”0ifouf[mvnf; tajumif;uif;^yD;_zpfwJhw&m; r[kwfbl;? xGufouf”0ifouf[m tajumif;ajumifh_zpfwJhw&m;? qHyifarG;!Sif;paom aumõmouaum tajumif;uif;&Jhvm;? 'g_zifh xGufav 0ifavbJ_zpf_zpf/ aumõmobJ_zpf_zpf/ blw@kyf” Oyg'g@kyfbJ_zpf_zpf/ tajumif;ESifhwuG_zpfwJhw&m;awG? 'g_zifh olwdkh.tajumif;udk&Smyg/ tajumif;rod&if raumif;bl;? tajumif;odrS aumif;w,f?

a,"rRma[wkyb0g/ awoHa[wHkwxm*awm/ a,"rRm/tajumif;ajumifh_zpforsSaom tjuifw&m;wdkhonf/ a[wkyb0g/ tajumif;omvsSif trGeftp&Sdukef.? awoH/ xdk_zpf_zpforsSw&m;wdkh.?a[wHk/ tajumif;udk? wxm*awm/ _rwfpGmbk&m;onf? tm[/ a[mawmfrl.? _zpf_zpforsSobm0awG[m tajumif;omvsSif trGeftp&Sdukef.? tajumif;uif;vdkhr_zpfbl;? _zpforsSaomobm0wdkh.tajumif;udk _rwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrlw,fvdkh &Sift\ZduOywd\y&AdkZfudka[mwJhtcgusawmh Oywd\y&AdkZf[m aomwmyef_zpfoGm;w,f?

'Dawmh bk&m;u¢tusKd;odzdkhxuf tajumif;odzdkhu ydkta&;}uD;w,f? 'g_zifh tusKd;awmhawGh^yD? 'DtusKd;.tajumif;[m bmvJ/tusKd;eJhtajumif;[m b,fut&ifvJ?

tusKd;ut&if/ tajumif;uaemuf 'Dvdkvnf; &Sdygw,f? a&S;twdwftajumif;/ ,ckypPKyeftusKd; qdk_yefawmh? tajumif;ut&iftusKd;uaemuf _zpf_yefw,f? ,ckkypPKyeftusKd;/ ,ckypPKyeftajumif;qdk_yefawmh tusKd;ut&if tajumif;uaemuf_zpf_yefw,f? ,ckay:aewJh@kyfcE<m[m tusKd;vm; tajumif;vm;? tusKd;yg? tJ'D tusKd;



awGhawmhrS 'DtusKd;udkrSD yD; t0dìm” w%Sm” Oyg'gef” uH” ocFg&qdkwJhtajumif;awG[m 'DtusKd;aumif}uD;udkrSDay:wm? 'Dvdkqdkawmh tusKd;ut&if tajumif;uaemuf/ tJ'Dvdkvnf; &Sdygao;w,f? tajumif;ut&if tusKd;uaemufvnf; [kwfw,f? trsKd;rsKd;[kwfygw,f? todbJ vdkaejuw,f? odkhaomfvnf; 'gawGvdk&if;r[kwfygbl;? udkif;¢um, (3) rsKd;cGJvdkufawmh (1) xGufav 0ifavum,? (2) 32aumõmoum,? (3) bllw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfum,? 'g_zifh um,qkdwm bmvJ?xGufav 0ifavtaygif;? 32 aumõmotaygif;? blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyftaygif;? tJ'DxGufav”0ifavum,rSm ork',&Sdw,f? tJ'D ork',udk tzefwvJvJ @+ygwJh?

um,udk xm;vdkufygtHk;? 'Dum,. tajumif;_zpfwJh ork',udk tzefwvJvJ @+ygwJh? udkif;¢xGufav 0ifavawmhod yD/ xGufav0ifav.tajumif; bmvJvdkhar;&if b,fES,fa_ymrvJ? pOf;pm;junf–yg? ESmacgif;r&Sd&if xGufav”0ifav_zpfrvm;? udk,faumifr&Sd&if xGufav”0ifav _zpfrvm;? pdwfr&Sd&if xGufav”0ifav_zpfrvm;? 'g_zifhudk,faumif&,f” ESmacgif;&,f” pdwf&,f 'DoHk;yg;[m xGufav”0ifav&Jhtajumif;/ udk,faumif&Sdvdkh/ ESmacgif;&Sdvdkh/ pdwf&Sdvdkh xGufav”0ifav_zpfw,f? 'g_zifh udk,faumifr&Sd&if/ ESmacgif;r&Sd&if/ pdwfr&Sd&ifxGufav”0ifav r_zpfEdkifbl;? 'g_zifh xGufav”0ifav&Jhtajumif;udkawmh od yDaygh?

qHyifarG;!Sif; tp&Sdaom aumõmovnf; um,_zpfawmhol.tajumif;udkaum r&Smoifhbl;vm;? qHyif arG;!Sif; tp&Sdaom32-yg;aom aumõmo&Jhtajumif;u Þ_ynfESifhusifi,f/ pmESpfoG,frSwfbG,fOwkZHß?


172 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

qHyif” arG;!Sif;” a_conf;” vufonf;” oGm;” ta&” tom;”tajum” t@dk;” @dk;wGif;csifqD” t!+dh” ESvHk;” toJ” tarS;” tzsif;” tqkyf” tlr” tlodrf” tpmopf” tpma[mif;” OD;aESmuf” onf;a_c” ovdyf” _ynf” aoG;” ac|;” tqDcJ” rsuf&nf” qDjunf” wHawG;” ESyf” tap;” usifi,f”?

tmayg"mwf 12-yg;xJrSm _ynf rygbl;vm;?tmayg"mwf 12-yg;xJrSm usifi,f rygbl;vm;?

_ynfqdkwm b,ftcgrSm&SdovJ? temaygufwJhtcg _ynfwnfw,f? 'D_ynfuaum cE<mudk,feJhuif;ovm;? ruif;&if olvnf; aumõmoxJ rygbl;vm;? 'g_zifh usifi,fuaum tmayg"mwf 12 yg;xJrSm ygwmbJ? 'g_zifh _ynfudkvnf; odEdkifw,f? usifi,fudkvnf; odEdkifw,f? tJ'D _ynfwdkh usifi,fwdkh[m bmajumifh_zpfEdkifovJvdkh olhtajumif;udkar;awmh cE<mudk,fxJrSm&SdwJh tyltat;wnf;[laom Owkajumifh_zpfwJh OwkZwJh? _ynfeJhusifi,f pmESpfoG,fqdkwmu tpma[mif; tpmopf? tJ'g yx0D"mwfxJu ,cktpm;rsKdcsvdkufwm tpmopf? ^yD;awmh ajuoGm;vdkhusif}uD;_zpfoGm;wm tpma[mif;? tJ'Dtpma[mif; tpmopfuvnf;bJ OwkZ? _ynfvnf; OwkZ? usifi,fvnf; OwkZ? 32-yg;aom aumõmoxJrSm 'D 4-yg;aom aumõmoonf OwkZoufouf Owkajumifh_zpfw,f?

Þ_ynfESifhusifi,f/ pmESpfoG,f/ rSwfzG,f OwkZßodavmufyg^yD? _ynfvnf; od yD/ usifi,fvnf; od yD/ tpmopf tpma[mif;vnf;od yD? tJ'D 4-ck[m bmajumifh_zpfovJvdkh tajumif;&Smawmh OwkajumifhwJh? Owkqdkwm bmac:ovJ? Owk qdkwm cE<mudk,fxJrSm&SdwJhtyltat;udk ac:wm?



Þrsuf&nfESifhac|;/ ESyf wHawG;/ rSwfa&; pdwW OwkZß rsuf&nfqdkwJhaumõmo/ ac|;qdkwJh aumõmoESpfyg;[m Owk

azmuf_yefvdkhvnf; xGufw,f? pdwfajumifhvnf; xGufw,f? idkwJhpdwf&DwJhpdwfajumifhvnf; xGufw,f? tyltat; Owkajumifhvnf; xGufw,f?

ESyf wHawG;wJh/ idkwJhtcg ESyfuav;w@+wf@+wfeJh qdkwmubmwkef;/ pdwfajumifhxGufwm r[kwfvm;? Owkazmuf_yefwJhtcg ESmap;awmhaum xGufwmbJ? 'gajumifh ESyfvnf; Owkajumifh pdwfajumifhajumifhbJ? wHawG;uaum Owkajumifh pdwfajumifhbJ? olrsm;csOfoD;pm;wm_rif&wJhtcg tvdkvdk wHawG;,dk rvmbl;vm;/ 'Dawmh Owkazmuf_yefvdkh_zpfwJh wHawG;/ pdwfajumifh_zpfwJh wHawG;?

'g_zifh b,fESpfrsKd;&SdoGm;^yDvJ? rsuf&nf&,f/ ac|;&,f/ ESyf&,f/wHawG;&,f 4-rsKd;? tJ'D 4-rsKd;[m bmajumifh? pdwfajumifh/ Owkajumifh? pdwfajumifh_zpf&if pdwWZ? Owkajumifh_zpf&if OwkZ? Þ(24)_zm tajumif;rSm rSwfygpwkZß? pwkqdkwm b,fESpfckwkef;? 4-ck? uH&,f/ pdwf&,f/ Owk&,f/ t[m&&,f? uHajumifh/ pdwfajumifh/ Owkajumifh/ t[m&ajumifh? usefwJhaumõmo 24-yg;u tajumif; 4-yg;ajumifh_zpfvdkh pwkZ ac:w,f? Þ_ynfESifhusifi,f/ pmESpfoG,f/rSwfzG,f OwkZß? ({uZ)ac:w,f? Owkajumifh oufouf_zpfw,f?

Þrsuf&nfESifhac|;/ ESyf wHawG;/ rSwfa&; pdwW OwkZßolu('GdZ) ac:w,f? usefwJh 24 yg;u (pwkZ) ac:w,f? pwkZ qdkwmbmvJ? uHajumifh/ pdwfajumifh/ Owkajumifh/ t[m&ajumifh _zpfwmudk ac:w,f? 'g_zifh 32 aumõmopvHk; tajumif;uif;ovm;? tJ'D 32 aumõmo tusKd;w&m;udkawGh&if olh&Jhtajumif;udkvnf;odyg?'Dvdkqdkvdkw,f/ ork',"arRmEky\D0g qdkwJh oabmudka_ymaewm?


174 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

'g_zifh @kyfu b,fESpfyg;&Sdw,f/ 28 yg;? tJ'D @kyf28yg;xJrSmblw@kyf 4 yg;? Oyg'g@kyf 24 yg;? tJ'Dblw@kyf” Oyg'g@kyfqdkwJh tm;vHk;ukef @kyfawG.tajumif;udk uH” pdwf” Owk” t[m&vdkh 'Dvdkvnf;qdkEdkifw,f? O',Aý,rSm tajumif;O',Aý,/ c%O',Aý, vdkh 2rsKd;&SdwJhteuf tajumif;O',Aý,rSm @kyf.tajumif;” a0'em.tajumif;”onm.tajumif;” ocFg&.tajumif;” 0dnm%f.tajumif;vdkh 5 rsKd;&Sd&mwGif t0dìork',m/ @lyork'a,m/ w%Smork',m/ @lyork'a,m/urRork',m/ @lyork'a,m/ tm[m&ork',m/ @lyork'a,m [email protected];_ywJhae&mrSm 'Dvdk_yw,f?

t0dìmajumifh@kyf_zpf/ w%Smajumifh@kyf_zpf/ uHajumifh@kyf_zpf/t[m&pm;aomufr+ajumifh@kyf_zpf/ 'g_zifh @kyf_zpf_cif;.tajumif;[mt0dìm” w%Sm” uH” t[m& 'Dvdkaum roHk;Edkifbl;vm;? t0dìmajumifh_zpfwJh urRZ@kyf/ w%Smajumifh_zpfwJh urRZ@kyf/ t0dìm w%Sm uHajumifh_zpfwJh urRZ@kyf/ tm[m&ajumifh_zpfwJh t[m&Z@kyf? 'Dawmht0dìm w%Sm uH t[m&wdkhonf @kyf_zpf_cif;&Jhtajumif;? @kyf_zpf_cif;&Jhtajumif;_zpfwJh t0dìm/ @kyf_zpf_cif;&Jhtajumif;_zpfwJh w%Sm/ @kyf_zpf_cif;&Jhtajumif;_zpfwJh uH/ wdkhonf b,fwkef;u t0dìm w%SmuHawGvJ? terwí b0oHo&mupI [dka&S;a&S;twdwfb0wkef;u_yKcJhwJh t0dìmawG/ w%SmawG/ uHawG ,ckxufxd r*f_zifh ry,fEdkifao;bl;? ry,fEdkifao;&if 'Dt0dìm w%Sm uHawGu 'D@kyfudk tusKd;ay;tHk;rSmayghvm;? @kyfu ,ckypPKyeftusKd;? t0dìm w%Sm uHwdkhua&S;twdwfb0utajumif;? tajumif;tusKd;av? 'Dvdkaum bGm;bGm;}uD; ay:raebl;vm;?

'g_zifh blw@kyfaum Oyg'g@kyfaum 'Dtwdkif;r_zpfbl;vm;?t0dìmonf” w%Smonf” uHonf” t[m&onf bm&Jhtajumif;?



@kyf_zpf_cif;&Jhtajumif;? xGufav 0ifav&Jh tajumif;? aumõmo&Jhtajumif;? blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyf&Jh tajumif;awGudk od yDr[kwfvm;?od@HkeJhr^yD;bl;? vkyfrS yD;rSm? odkhayrJh rvkyfEkdifao;wJhtwlwl od@HkbJxm;ygawmh? od@Hkawmif odcsifrSodrSmyg?

udkif;¢Þork',"rRmEky\D0gum,oRþ0d[&wdßxGufav”0ifavavum,/ blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfum,Y tajumif;udk tzefwvJvJ @+onf_zpfI? 'g bma_ymwmvJ? ol&Jhtajumif;udk @+aeygwJh? u&Zum,ttajumif;? ESmacgif;tajumif; ponf_zifh 'Dtajumif;awGudk@+aeprf;ygwJh? a,m*DykídKvfu tajumif;awG@+aeawmh bm_zpfvmrvJ? 'Dtajumif;awG@+ae&if tusKd;xifvmvdrfhr,f? 'Dtajumif;awGajumifh 'DtusKd;awGay:oudk;qdkwm tajumif;uae^yD; tusKd;udkodrS tusKd;rsm;wm/ tusKd;od@HkeJhtvum;bJ? 'gajumifh tajumif;uae^yD; tusKd;udkodatmif tajumif;udk@+awmhrS 'Dtajumif; 'Dtajumif;awGajumifh 'DtusKd;awG_zpfaew,fqdkwm awGhEdkifwm?

ork',"rRm^yD;awmh Þ0,"rRmEky\D0gum,oRþ0d[&wdß ckwifu a_ymcJhwJhtajumif;awG y,fypfvdkufvdkh ukd,fr&Sdbl;? pdwfr&Sdbl;?ESmacgif;r&Sdbl;qdk&if tmemygetusKd; b,fuay:vmrvJ? tajumif;r&Sd&if ray:bl;? 'g_zifh tajumif;&Sdvdkh tusKd;ay:wm? tajumif;r&Sd&if tusKd;ray:bl;/ awGh^yDvm;? tajumif;&Sdvdkh tusKd;ay:awmh('k=) aemf? tajumif;r&Sdvdkh tusKd;r_zpf&awmh (okc)? wcsKdhu 'k=udk okcxifaew,f? _zpfcsifvGef;vdkh &Smvdkuf&wm/ tajumif;r&Sd&iftusKd;_zpftHk;rvm;? tusKd;r_zpfbl;?

tajumif;&Sdawmh tusKd;_zpfw,f? tajumif;r&Sdawmh tusKd;r_zpfbl;? tJ'DESpfck odprf;yg? tajumif;&Sdvdkh tusKd;_zpfvmawmh 'D


176 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

usKd;[m _zpf&wJhZmwd'k=/ ysufoGm;wJh r&%'k=? 'D tusKd;rSm 'k=uif;yghrvm;? tajumif;uif;awmh tusKd;csKyfw,f? csKyfw,fqdkwmysufcsKyf/ r_zpfcsKyfvdkh ESpfrsKd;&Sdw,f? @kyfawGemrfawG _zpfvmm^yD; Oyg'fõD bifaphawmh ysufoGm;w,f? tJ'g ysufcsKyf? b*Feda&m" ac:w,f?tajumif;uif;vdkh tusKd;r_zpf&wJhtwGuf tJ'D r_zpfcsKyfudkrS tEkyg'eda&m" ac:w,f? tEkyg'eda&m" qdkwm r_zpfwmudkyif csKyfw,fvdkhac:w,f? tJ'g (edAýmef)? tajumif;r&Sd&if r_zpf&awmhbl;? r_zpf&&if at;wmbJ? tJ'D at;wJh tEkyg'eda&m" edAýmefrsKd;udk 0dy\em]m%fu tEkrmeeJh q^yD;junf–Edkif&w,f?

'gajumifh tajumif;r&Sdvdkh tusKd;r_zpfbl;vdkh odwJh]m%f[mtEkyg'eda&m" odwJh 0dy\em]m%f? omrnrSwfvdkhvm;? Þ0,"rRmEky\D0gum,oRþ 0d[&wd ß u tajumif;r&Sdonfudk tzefwvJvJ@+I aew,f? ork',"rRmEky\Du tajumif;_zpfr+udk @+w,fqdkawmh'Du tajumif;uif;r+udk @+&rSm? tajumif;uif;r+udk @+awmh 'Dtajumif;/'Dtajumif;awG r&Sdbl;qdk&if 'D tusKd;awG[m ay:tHk;rvm;? 'D tajumif; 'Dtajumif;awG&Sdvdkh 'DtusKd;ay:wm? tajumif;&Sdvdkh tusKd;ay:wm 'k=/ tajumif;uif;vdkh tusKd;r_zpf&wm okc? bmokcvJ?tEkyg'eda&m"/ r_zpfaom csKyf_cif;tm;_zifh csKyfwJhokc? 'DokcrsKd;udk0dy\em]m%feJh od&w,f?

'g_zifh ork',"rRmEky\Du (1)? 0,"rRmEky\Du (2)? ork',0,"rRmEky\D0gu 2 csufpvHk; @+ygwJh? tajumif;&Sd&if tusKd;awGhr,f? tajumif;r&Sdwmudk@+&if tusKd;uif;wmawGhr,f?

'Dawmh tajumif;udk @+vdkh tusKd;_zpfwmawGh&if 'k=opPmodw,f? tajumif;uif;wm@+vdkh tusKd;ray:wmawGh&if eda&m"opPm



odw,fvdkhac:w,f? 'gudk rsufarSmuf_yKw,f rac:Edkifbl;? tEkrmeodvdkh ac:w,f? tEkyg'eda&m" ESifhywfoufvdkh 'DtodrsKd;odzdkhawmifrS vG,fwmr[kwfbl;?

'Dawmh rif;wdkh t0dìm”t0dìmqdkwm bmudk t0dìmac:aewmwkef;? tJ'D 'k=paom trSefw&m;udkrodwm t0dìm? ÞtrSefav;csuf/oabmeufudk/ zHk;0SufuG,fum/ t0dìmß qdkwJhpum;rSm 'k=vnf;trSef/ ork',vnf;trSef/ eda&m"vnf;trSef/ rívnf;trSef? 'D 4yg;xJrSm wpfckrS trSm;rygbl;? tJ'DtrSef 4-csufudk rodwmt0dìm?'DopPm 4-yg;xJu 'k=bJodod/ ork',bJodod/ eda&m"bJodod/ ríbJodod/ wpfckckod&if 'Dae&mrSm t0dìm_ywfwmbJ? rod&if r_ywfbl;?odwJhae&mrSm t0dìm_ywfw,f? cka_ymvdk&if;u tajumif;udk @+? tajumif;r&Sdonfudk @+? tajumif;udk@+wm wpfydk'f/ tajumif;r&Sdonfudk@+wm wpfydk'f/ tajumif;a&m”tusKd;a&m 2-ckwGJ@+wm wpfydk'f? 0dy\emESifhqdkif&mtydk'frSm 'D 3-ydk'fudk _ywm?

'D 3-ydk'f[m orxvm;/ 0dy\emvm;? Þ0dy\emß? olutajumif;@+ae^yD? tajumif;odrf;qnf;ae^yD? 0dy\emaemf? tJ'D 0dy\emuae^yD; a&ShbmwufoGm;ovJ?

twÔduma,mwd0gye\ owdypPKyõdwma[mwd? ygVdawmfutJ'Dvdk tajumif;&Sdvdkh_zpfwm tajumif;uif;vdkhr_zpfwmqdkwJh tmemygeum,/ 32-aumõmoum,/ blw@kyf/ Oyg'g@kyfum,awG @+ygrsm;awmh 'Da,m*DykídKvf&JhowdawG[m b,fvdkodvmrvJ? [m¢wpfavmuvHk; bmrSr[kwfygvm;? taygif;tpkawGcsnf;ygvm;? tqdkiftcJbmrSr&Sdbl;? tr+Htr$m;uav;awGcsnf;bJ/ taygif;tpkawGaemf? 'gudkÞum,ß ac:wm? tr+Htr$m; taygif;tpkuav;awGygvm;vdkh owd


178 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

[m 'Da,m*DykídKvf&Jho÷meffrSm xifaevdrfhr,f? tJ'D Þowdß[m Þ0d0d0d0d0dy\emowdy\emowdy\emowdy\emowdy\emowdß bJ?

tJ'D 0dy\emowd[m b,ftwGuf xifwmwkef;? bmvkyfzdkhxifwmwkef;vdkhqdkawmh¢

,m0a'0]m%rwWm,yùd\wdrwWm,wJh? udk,fawmf_rwfuav? 'Dowd[m ]m%ftqifhqifhwufbdkh/ ]m%fwufwdkif; ]m%feJhowd ]m%feJhowd ]m%feJhowd ]m%feJhowd ]m%feJhowdeJh wGJ yD;ygbdkh? 'gajumifh yùd\wdrwWm, vdkha[mwm? ]m%f qdkayrJh owdowdowdowdowd ygwJh]m%frS ]m%frSef/ owdowdowdowdowd rygwJh]m%f[m tvum;]m%f?owd ygwJh]m%frS wu,fh]m%f? 'Dawmh 'D owdowdowdowdowd xifwm[m ]m%ftqifhqifhwufbdkh owdowdowdowdowd tqifhqifhwdk;bdkhwJh?

tJ'Dvdk ]m%f]m%f]m%f]m%f]m%f tqifhqifhwufvdkh owdowdowdowdowd tqifhqifhwdk;vdkhvm&if 0dok'<d 7-yg;wdkh/ ]m%f 10-yg;wdkh a[mcsifwdkif;a[mayawmh?rqHk;Edkifawmhbl;?

udkif;¢]m%ftqifhqifh b,fvdkwufr,f? owdtqifhqifhb,fvdkwdk;r,f? t'<gum,/ o÷dumv/ c%duumvwJh? umv b,fESpfrsKd; 3-rsKd;?

t'<gumv qdkwm b,fa'oemawmfrSm a[movJ? t0dìmw%Sm [laom rlv 2-yg; cdkif rJaompuf0dkif;}uD;_zifh owW0gawG oHo&m txyfxyf r_ywfvnfI aeju&w,f? b,fvdkvnfrvJ? arG;wdkif;ao/ aowdkif;arG;/ arG;ao/ arG;aoeJh oHo&mrSm 'Dtwdkif;usifvnfju&w,f? yùdpPorkyg'fw&m; qdkwm t'<gypPKyeftaeeJh a[mwm? yùdoaE<u _zpf/ r&%u ao”ysuf/ wpfb0vHk; ydkif;_cm;^yD;awmh



,lvdkufprf;? yùdoaE<aeawmh _zpf/ aoawmhysuf? tJ'g t'<gypPKyefyùdpPorkyg'f ac:w,f? 0dy\emusawmh olhudk ykAýbm*w&m; ac:w,f?

wu,f 0dy\emwufcsif&ifawmh olhudk ykAýbm*taeeJh a&Shxm;^yD;awmh wuf&w,f? arG;wmaowmcsnf; tm@Hk_yKaeprf;yg? arG;^yD;ao&rSmyguvm;/ arG;vdkufaovdkuf/ aovdkufarG;vdkuf? wpfavmuvHk; arG;ao/ arG;aocsnf; _zpfaeyguvm;vdkh tm@Hk _yKjunf–prf;?tdrfrsm; _yefEdkifygtHk;rvm;vdkh? 'Dvdk rif;wdkhrxifvdkh tdrfudk_yefEdkifwm/arG;ao arG;aoudk tm@Hk_yK&wm vG,fw,frSwfvdkhvm;? b0wdkif; b0wdkif; @+? 'Dwpfb0xJ r@+eJh? terwí b0oHo&mupI edAýmefr&rDpyfjum; wpfoHo&mvHk; owW0gawG&JhxHk;pH "rRwm[m arG;aobJ?'DarG;aoawG[m bmvdkh_zpfovJ? t0dìmw%Sm ruif;vdkhaemf?

t0dìmqdkwm bmvJ? opPm 4-yg; rodwm? 'k=/ ork',/eda&m"/ ríqdkwJh opPm 4-yg;udk od yDvm;? opPm 4-yg;rodwmt0dìm/ opPm 4-yg;rodwJht0dìm&Sdaeawmh wyfruf_cif;w%Smu vmrSmbJ/ 'Dawmh t0dìm”w%Sm&Sdaevdkh&Sd&if arG;ao arG;aou xGufEdkifyghrvm;? 'g_zifh yùdpPorkyg'fw&m;qdkwm arG;aoudkodatmif vkyf&rJhw&m;? arG;awmh_zpf/ aoawmhysuf tJ'DyùdpPorkyg'fudk t'<gypPKyefac:w,f?

tJ'D t'<gypPKyefod yD;wJhaemuf o÷wdypPKyefudk od&rSm/o÷wdypPKyef qdkwm orRoe]m%f&Jht&m/ b,fvdkvJ/ ay: aysmuf/ay:vmvdkuf aysmufoGm;vdkuf? ck rif;wdkhvdkayghuGm? rif;wdkh reufuay:vmw,f/ naeusawmh aysmufoGm;tHk;r,f? ay: aysmuf? o÷wdypPKyefudk ESpfeJhydkif;_cm;/ vESifhydkif;_cm;/ aehESifhydkif;_cm;/ &ufESifhydkif;_cm;/


180 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

em&DESifhydkif;_cm;/ ay:vmvkduf aysmufoGm;vdkuf/ ck pum;a_ymaewJhtoHaum ay:vmvdkuf aysmufoGm;vkdufbJ r[kwfvm;? 'g_zifh rif;wdkhwpfudk,fvHk; wpfaumifvHk; ay:vmvdkuf aysmufoGm;vdkufawG r&Sdbl;vm;? tJ'DvufwpfauG; vufwpfqefh/ a_cwpfvSrf;/ pum;wpfcGef;/ponf_zifh cE<mudk,ftpdwftydkif;rSm ay:vmvdkufaysmufoGm;vdkufawGudk o÷wdypPKyef ac:w,f? tJ'D o÷wdypPKyefu orRoe]m%f&Jht&m?

twdwf” tem*wf” ypPKyef” tZñwW” A[d'<” joVm&u” okckr”[de” y%Dw” 'l&” o÷du qdkwJh 11-Xmetm;vHk;rSm &Sd&Sdor# @kyfemrfawGudk aygif;^yD;awmh @kyf[lorsS tedpP/ @kyf[lor# 'k=/ @kyf[lorsStewW/ a0'em[lorsS tedpP/ a0'em[lorsS 'k=/ a0'em[lorsS tewWvdkh 'Dvdk oHk;oyf&rSmudk;? tJ'gu o÷wdypPKyefbJ? orRoe]m%f&Jht&m? onm/ ocFg&/ 0dnm%fvnf; 'Dtwdkif;bJ?

'Du a&ShwufawmhrS c%ypPKyef O',Aý,]m%f&Jht&m? O',Aý,]m%fusawmh _zpfqJc%/ ysufqJc%? _zpfqJc%eJh ysufqJc%b,favmufrsm;uGmovJ? w^ydKifeufbJ? (0dìKyga'g0tmumao/ Oyì÷d0,÷dp)/ aumif;uifu 0if;ueJh_zpfwmeJh ysufwm b,favmufrsm; uGm_cm;ao;ovJ? ruGmygbl;/ w^ydKifeufqdkEdkifavmufatmif_zpfr+eJhysufr+ v#if_refygw,f? tJ'Davmuf v#if_refwJh _zpfqJc%ysufqJc%[m c%ypPKyef? c%ypPKyefusawmh O',Aý,]m%f?

ckwifu ay:aysmufqdkwJh o÷wdypPKyefuawmh orRoe]m%f/arG;ao arG;aoqdkwmu t'<gypPKyef/ yùdpPorkyg'f ]m%faemf? (1)yùdpPorkyg'f ]m%f/ (2) orRoe]m%f/ (3) O',Aý,]m%f vdkh ypPKyef(3) yg;eJh ]m%f (3) yg;wuf yD;awmh rodEdkifbl;vm;? odEdkifawmhum



t'<gypPKyef_zpfwJh arG;ao arG;aoqdkwJh yùdpPorkyg'fpuf&[wf _ywfoGm;atmif bmvkyf&rvJ? 'Dae&mrSm vkyfxHk;udk az:_y&rSmudk;?

tm'durRdu tpykídKvfrSm c%ypPKyefudk rvkyfEdkifao;bl;?c%ypPKyefudk odEdkifwJh]m%fr&Sdao;bl;? r&Sdao;&if o÷wdypPKyefbJvkyftHk;? o÷wdypPKyefuawmh ay:vmaysmufoGm;/ ay:vm aysmufoGm;aygh? vufwpfauG; vufwpfqefh/ a_cwpfvSrf;/ pum;wpfcGef;/ponf_zifh ay:vmaysmufoGm;r&Sdbl;vm;? tJ'g o÷wdypPKyef/ tJ'gudk tm@Hk_yK^yD; owdjuyfjuyfvkyf?

o÷wdypPKyefjuyfjuyfvkyfawmh _zpfqJc%/ ysufqJc%udk odEdkifwJh c%ypPKyefO',Aý, a&mufoGm;vdrfhr,f? c%ypPKyefO',Aý,]m%fa&mufoGm;awmh _zpfysufoda&mr[kwfvm;? _zpfysufodawmh edAýdENîD;aiGha&m/ îD;aiGhawmh 0d&m*r*f _zpfua&m/ 0d&m*r*f _zpf yD;awmh0drkwWdzdkvf _zpfa&m/ 0drkwWdzdkvf _zpfawmh 0drkwWd]m%'\e/ ypPa0=%m]m%f _zpfua&m/ tJ'D ]m%fpOfrSm r*fqdkwJhc%rSm r*fu t0dìmESifhw%Smudk owfvdkufawmh yùdpPorkyg'fpuf&[wf}uD; uGif;vHk;u|wfoGm;a&m?

arG;aoqdkwJh yùdpPorkyg'fw&m;. t&if;cH_zpfwJh t0dìmeJhw%Sm w&m; (2) yg;udk r*fu acgif;_zwfypfvdkufawmh yùdpPorkyg'fpuf&[wf}uD; vnfEdkifygtHk;rvm;? rvnfEdkifatmif b,folu vkyfovJ/ r*fuvkyfwm?

0wÔKtajumif;uawmh _rwfpGmbk&m;ocifvufxufu okodry&dAdkZfu _rwfpGmbk&m;xHvm^yD; &[ef;_yKw,f? okodr”[m y&dAdkZft_zpfuae^yD; &[ef;_yKwJh&[ef;¢aemf? ck”vlawGom r[kwfbl;?


182 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

a&S;a&S;uvnf; 'DvdkbJ/ &[÷m_zpf&if a_rvsSKd;rdk;ysH wefcdk;xefwJh tbdnmOf&Sdw,fvdkh ,ljuw,f? &[÷mqdk&if olwpfyg;pdwfudk odEdkifw,f/&[÷mqdk&if ta0}uD;u pum;jum;Edkifw,f/ &[÷mqdk&if ta0;}uD;udk vSrf;_rifEdkifw,f? 'DvdkykídKvf[m &[÷mvdkh ck vlawGvnf; 'DvdkbJ xifwwfw,f? a&S;uvnf; 'DvdkbJxifw,f? odkhayrJh wpfvrf;pD?

'gawGu &[÷mwdkif;rSm_zpfwm r[kwfbl;? okodr0wÔKukd a_ymcsifvdkhyg/ okodr”u _rwfpGmbk&m;tem;rSmaewkef;/ w&m;tm;xkwf yD;_yefvmwJh &[ef;awGu _rwfpGmbk&m;/ wynf–awmfrsm; w&m;tm;xkwfvdkh ^yD;yg^yDbk&m;? t&[wWzdkvf qdkufyg^yDbk&m;/ &[ef;udpP ^yD;cJhyg^yDbk&m;vdkh avsSmufawmh olujum;w,f/ 'D udk,fawmfawG[m w&m;&vmwJh udk,fawmfawGbJ/ olwdkhaumif;uifrsm; ysHEdkifovm;/ ta0;u pum;rsm;jum;Edkifovm;? â'<d0d"/ 'dAýaomw/ apawmy&d,/ ykaAýed0go/ 'dAýp=K wefcdk;tpOfawGudk oluodcsifwmeJh oGm;^yD;ar;w,f?t&Sifbk&m;wdkh &[÷m_zpf yDvdkh ckwifu bk&m;udkavsSmufw,f r[kwfvm;? [kwfw,f avsSmufw,f? 'g_zifh t&Sifbk&m;wdkh wefcdk;trsKd;rsKd;zefqif;Edkifovm;/ aumif;uif wufEdkif&Jhvm;/ rwufEdkifbl;? 'g_zifhta0;utoHaum jum;Edkif&Jhvm;/ rjum;Edkifbl;? olwpfyg;pdwfudk odEdkifovm;? rodEdkifbl;? ykaAýed0gomEk\wd/ a&S;a&S;b0awGaum udk,fawmfwdkh odEdkifovm;? 'dAýp=K/ ta0;”teD; tm@Hkaum udk,fawmfwdkh_rifEdkifovm;? r_rifEdkifbl;? Edkh¢udk,fawmfwdkh &[÷m_zpfw,fqdk? at;&[÷m_zpfwmu _zpfwmbJ? 'gawGudk rodbl;? 'dkhu ]m%fynmoufouf_zifh udavomrSvGwfw,f/ 'g ynm0drkwW ac:w,f? vufOD;0dy\em]m%f_zpfw,f/ aemuf r*f]m%f_zpfw,f/ 'gbJ 'dkhodw,f?[m¢'DvdkeJhawmh rajueyfbl;? rajueyf&if bk&m;oGm;avsSmufvdkh¢&[ef;awGucdkif;vdkh bk&m;qD oGm;avsSmufawmhvnf; 'Dtwdkif;bJ?



t&Sifbk&m;qDvm^yD;awmh &[÷m_zpfw,fvdkh avsSmufxm;wJhudk,fawmfawGudk wynf–awmfar;awmh bmrSvnf; us,fus,f_yefh_yefhar;vdkh r&bl;? olwdkhudk,folwdkh &[÷mvdkhvnf; a_ymygw,f?

'Dawmh _rwfpGmbk&m;u okodr a&S;OD;pGm "rRõdwd]m%f/ aemufedAýmef]m%f _zpfw,fwJh? [m¢"rRõdwd]m%f edAýmef]m%f _zpfw,fqdk@HkeJh wynf–awmfrodbl;bk&m;¢wJh? rif; od”od rod”od _zpfwmu _zpfwmbJwJh? a&S;OD;pGm "rRõdwd]m%f_zpfw,f/ aemuf edAýmef]m%f _zpfw,f/"rRõdwd]m%fqdkwm 0dy\em]m%f_zpfwmudk a_ymwm? edAýmef]m%fqdkwmr*f]m%f_zpfwmudk a_ymwm? â'<d0d"/ 'dAýaomwtp&Sdaom tbdnm%fawGeJh rqdkifbl;wJh?

'Dawmh rif;udkig”ar;r,fwJh/ cE<mwpfyg;yg;rSm ar;cGef; 3 csuf3-csufxkwfw,f? cE<mig;yg;qdkawmh ar;cGef; 15-csufaygh?

okodr rif;udk ig”ar;r,f/ rif;xifovdk a_zprf;? @kyfonf rJovm;/ r^rJbl;vm; ar;vdkufw,f? @kyfonf rJovm; r^rJbl;vm;vdkhar;vdkufawmh olvnf;bJ ]m%fynmxuf_rufwJhykídKvf yg&rD&Sif_zpfavawmh c%uav;pdkuf yD; tm@Hk_yK^yD;awmh r+Hr+Hr$m;r$m; taumiftxnf o÷mef _'yfr&SdwJh @kyfuav;awG[m wpfckrS rJwm olh]m%fxJrSm rawGhbl;? tJ'D]m%fxJrSmrawGhawmhrS r^rJygbl;vdkh avsSmufw,f?ar;wJhpum;t& avsSmufwmr[kwfbl;? ]m%fxJrSmxifyD;awmhrS avsSmufwm? tJ'g tedpP ar;cGef;xkwfwm?

'g_zifh r^rJwJh@kyf[m csrf;omrvm;/ qif;&Jrvm;vdkh ar;vdkuf_yefawmh? [m¢r^rJwJh@kyf b,fcsrf;omrvJ/ qif;&Jwmaygh bk&m;vdkha_zvdkufw,f? 'g 'k= ar;cGef;xkwfwm?


184 a0VK0wD 0dy\em

tJ'D r^rJwJh qif;&JwJh azmuf_yefysufpD;aewJh @kyfudk igh”udk,f/igh”[m/ ig” vdkh odoifh&Jhvm;? 'gu tewW ar;cGef;xkwfwm? ighudk,f'dõd/ ig”[mw%Sm/ ig”rmeaemf? 'dõdig/ w%Smig/ rmeig/ tJ'Dvdkodoifh&Jhvm;qdkawmh rodoifhygbl;vdkha_zw,f? 'g_zifh @ly=E<mrSm ykðm 3csuf? ^rJovm;/ r^rJbl;vm;ar;awmh tedpP? qif;&Jovm;/ csrf;omovm;ar;wm 'k=? igh”udk,f/ igh”[m/ ig”vdkh odoifhovm; ar;awmhtewW? tedpP/ 'k=/ tewW 3-csufar;w,f?

'g_zifh a0'emrSmvnf; 3-csuf? onmrSmvnf; 3-csuf?ocFg&rSmvnf; 3-csuf? 0dnm%frSmvnf; 3-csuf? 3-csuf 3-csufpDar;oGm;awmh cE<mig;yg; ukefa&m? cE<mig;yg;ukefoGm;vdkh ykðm 15-csuf_zpfawmhrS _rwfpGmbk&m;u cspfom;okodr¢ twdwf/ tem*wfypPKyef/ tZñwW/ A[d'</ joVm&du/ okckr/ [De/ y%Dw/ 'l&/ o÷du_zpfwJh tm;vHk;ukef @kyfawGudk @+I? ,xmblw/ [kwfwdkif;rSefpGmodaom ]m%ft_rif_zifh ighudk,f r[kwf/ igh[m r[kwf/ ig r[kwf vdkhrif;@+vdkufprf;yguGm¢vdkh ar;cGef;xkwf yD;rS t@+cdkif;w,f?

a0'emrSmvnf; xdkenf;wlpGm/ onmrSmvnf; xdkenf;wlpGm/ocFg&rSmvnf; xdkenf;wlpGm/ 0dnm%frSmvnf; xdkenf;wlpGm/ (11)Xmeaygif;pk yD;awmh ighukd,fr[kwf/ igh[mr[kwf/ igr[kwf vdkh cE<mig;yg;udk @+vdkufawmh cE<mig;yg;rSm ighudk,fr[kwf/ igh[mr[kwf/ igr[kwfwmudk od yD;awmh 'DcE<mig;yg;ay:rSm iD;aiGhwJh edAýd'g _zpfvmr,fwJh? 0dy\em]m%f tm;vHk;udk edAýd'gvdkh wpfcsufxJeJh tm;vHk;^cHKa[mwm/ O',Aý,/ b*F/ b,/ tm'De0 ^yD;awmhrS rkpPdwkurswm/ yùdocFg/ ocFg@kay=m/ tEkavmr 'gawG[m edAýd'gxJ tukefoGif;a[mwm/ cE<mig;yg;ay:rSm iD;aiGhvmawmh 'Da,m*DrSm 0dy\em]m%f _zpfvmw,f? tJ'g edAýd'g]m%f _zpfw,fac:w,f? tJ'D edAýd'g]m%f _zpf



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wai lu wa di.4 - Thitsarparami Dhamma Society · 1? a0VK0wD 0dy\em vkyfxHk;w&m;awmf¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ 1 2? r[mowdyõmef w&m;awmff ¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢¢ 31 3? tõr t}udrfa_rmuf r[mowdyõmef