vyx jkg ds iSjksdkj - Maharshi Dayanand Universitymdurohtak.ac.in/CRS/pdf/19. Alag Rah Ke Perokar Chaudhry Ranbir Singh.pdf · leiZ.k mu ns'kokfl;ksa dks tks viuh bZekunkj esgur ij

vyx jkg ds iSjksdkj

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©?i zdk' kd

l aLdj .k % 2012

çdk' kd %

pkS/kjh j .kchj fl ag 'kks/k ihBegf"kZ n; kuan fo'ofo| ky; ] j ksgrd

eqnzd %

egf"kZ n;kuan fo'ofo| ky; izSl ] jksgrd

leiZ.kmu ns'kokfl;ksa dks tks viuhbZekunkj esgur ij ftank gSa

vkSjmu vkt+knh ds nhokuksa dks tksviuh fu"Bk ds fy, gkse gks x,

fo"k; lwph

lans'k ixpkS/kjh HkwisUnz flag gqM~Mk]eq[;ea=h] gfj;k.kk

nks 'kCn xiizksñ vkj- ih- gqM~Mkdqyifr] egf"kZ n;kuan fo'ofo|ky; jksgrd

fVIi.kh xiii / xvizks- lqjs'k 'kekZ@Mk- [ktku flag xqfy;k

izLrkouk xviiKku flagv/;{k] pkS/kjh j.kchj flag 'kks/kihB

ys[kd dh vksj ls@iqLrd ifjp; xxiiiysf¶V- duZy pUnz flag nyky ¼v-izk-½ys[kd

v/;k;&1- dld 1&08

v/;k;&2- df"k ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl 9&51

v/;k;&3- Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k 52&66

v/;k;&4- ;equk unh dk fodkl 67&83

v/;k;&5- Hkk[kM+k cka/k 84&93v/;k;&6- thou 'kSyh dk cpko 94&105

v/;k;&7 fefJr 106&129

v/;k;&8 :rck 130&138

v/;k;&9 milagkj 139&144

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag % laf{kIr thou ?kVukØe 145&146

lans'k

eq>s ;g tkudj izlUurk gqbZ gS fd ns’k ds tkus ekusLora=rk lsukuh pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds thou ij ysf¶V- duZy¼lsokfuo`r½ pUnz flag nyky }kjk jfpr iqLrd ^vyx jkg ds iSjksdkjpkS/kjh j.kchj flag* dk ‘kh?kz gh izdk’ku fd;k tk jgk gSA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us vius lkekftd nkf;Rocks/k dks mPpizkFkfedrk nsdj thou th;k vkSj viuh ftEesnkfj;ksa dks iwjh bZekunkjhls fuHkk;kA thoui;ZUr jktuhfr esa vuqdj.kh; lar cus jgs rFkktehuh gdhdr ls tqM+ dj mUgksaus fuHk Z; gksdj viuh ckr dghAmudk lkjk thou] mudh lksp vkSj vkpj.k Lora=rk vkUnksyu dhfojklr ls fufeZr gqvkA os Hkkjr dh lafo/kku fuekZ=h lHkk ds lnL;Hkh jgsA la;qDr iatkc esa flapkbZ o fctyh ea=h ds :i esa Hkk[kM+k MSefuekZ.k esa mudh Hkwfedk dks yEcs le; rd ;kn fd;k tk;sxkA

bl iqLrd esa pkS- j.kchj flag ds O;fDrRo dks vkadus&le>usds fy, iz;kl fd;k x;k gS rFkk ;g iqLrd ikBdksa ds fy, ‘kh?kz ghmiyC/k gk sxhA

egf”k Z n;kuan fo’ofo|ky;] jk sgrd es a LFkk fir ^pk S/kjhj.kchj flag ‘kks/kihB* ds bu iz;klksa dh eSa ljkguk djrk gw¡ rFkkiqLrd ds lQy izdk’ku ds fy, viuh ‘kqHkdkeuk,a izsf”kr djrk gw¡A

¼HkwisUnz flag gqM~Mk½

fnukad % 10-12-2012nks 'kCn

eq>s ;g tkudj larks"k gqvk gS fd izLrqr izdk'ku esa pkS/kjhj.kchj flag ds O;fDrRo dks mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa le>us dk ,d vPNkiz;kl gqvk gSA fo'ofo|ky; esa dk;Zjr pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ihB* dslkStU; ls ;g jpuk bl ek;us esa egRiw.kZ gS fd ekSfyd nLrkostksa lspqu dj yh xbZ lkexzh ,d ,sls O;fDrRo dks mHkkjrh gS] ftldh lghle> cgqr de yksxksa dks gS vkSj ftlus mi;qDr volj ij ns'k dhHkkoh uhfr;ksa dks jpus esa ,d ,d dne ij vxz.kh Hkwfedk vnk dh gSA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ,d fu.kkZ;d nkSj esa lfØ; usrk FksA mlle; ns'k dk Hkkoh fp= rS;kj gks jgk FkkA os 32 lky dh mez esa 10tqykbZ] 1947 dks lafo/kku lHkk ds fy, pqu fy, x, vkSj 14 tqykbZdks 'kiFk xzg.k ds ckn ns'k ds le{k leL;kvksa dks le>us esa yx x,Alafo/kku lHkk fofHkUu /kkjkvk sa dh j.kLFkyh FkhA fdUrq] ,d lka>kladYi Fkk fd LorU= ns'k ds rkSj ij vkxs c<uk gSA ;gka ls mudkO;fDrRo fu[kjkA dqy feykdj os lkr fofHkUu lnuksa ds lnL; jgsvkSj iatkc o gfj;k.kk esa eU=hin ij Hkh jgs] tgka muds opu] deZo vkpj.k ij bl vkUnksyu dh fojklr dk izHkko lnk tek jgkA osblls dHkh fopfyr ugha gq,A

ysf¶V- duZy ¼lsokfuor½ pUnz flag nyky us pkS/kjh j.kchjflag dks muds gh 'kCnksa dks ysdj le>us dh ,d 'kq#vkr dh gSA ;gvPNh 'kq#vkr gSA eSa bl jpuk dh lQyrk ds fy, gn; ls dkeukdjrk gw¡A

&vkj-ih- gqM~Mk

VICE-CHANCELLOR

MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITYROHTAK - 124001, (HARYANA) INDIA

Off. : 01262-274327, 292431Res. : 01262-274710Fax : 01262-274133, 274640

Suresh Sharma Professor

Pt. No. 32Professor’s Colony, Tilak Nagar,

Amritsar (Pb), Pin. 14300117 August, 2012

Comments

The work of Col. Chander Singh Dalal on Chaudhry RanbirSingh has been commendable and touches the very nepitual knotof the creation of a state which could act as feeding ground for thecovering states like U.P., Punjab etc.

A unique Parliamentarian, Chaudhry Sahib took up thecause to its logical end by insisting on its completion. His trystwith the welfare of the state started way back when he becamethe Member of Parliament and later Minister in the Punjab cabinet.

He vociferously pleaded for the creation of Haryana whichhe considered as the necessity of times. The creation of Chair inM.D.U. will encourage further research on such a son of the soil.It will surely bring the name of M.D.U. on face map of India.

Suresh SharmaProfessor

To,The ChairmanChaudhry Ranbir Singh Chair,M.D.U., Rohtak.

xiv / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag / xv

fVIi.kh

duZy pUnz flag nyky }kjk fyf[kr vyx jkg ds iSjksdkj]pkS/kjh j.kchj flag* uked iqLrd dh ik.Mqfyfi i<hA iqLrd dhlokZf/kd vkd’kZd fof”k’Vrk ;g yxh fd blesa ys[kd de cksyrkgS vkSj pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dk d`frRo vf/kdA bl “kSyh dk vkJ;ysus okyk ys[kd ;g lqfuf”pr djrk gS fd dksbZ vfr”k; dFku ugks vkSj tks Hkh fdlh O;fDr`Ro dh iz”kalk esa dgk tk, ogizek.k&iq’V gksosA bl mís”; dh izkfIr esa ys[kd iw.kZr lQy jgkgSA bl iqLrd dh ,d vU; fo”ks’krk ;g gS fd pkS/kjh j.kchj flagds O;fDrRo&dfrRo o O;fDrRo ds fo’k; esa vfoosdh O;fDr;ksa }kjkQSykbZ x;h vusd HkzkfUr;ksa nwj gksrh gSaA

bl izdkj ys[kd dk ;g iz;kl blfy, Hkh vfr iz”kaL; gkstkrk gS fd blls Js’B O;fDr;ksa ds izfr lkekU; yksxksa esa mlfo”okl o J)k dk lapkj gksrk gS] ftlds os lqik= gSaA

30- 8- 2012gLr%

Mk- [ktku flag xqfy;k Lskok fuo`r izkpk;Z

( ¼mPprj f”k{kk foHkkx gfj;k.kk ljdkj½

izLrkouk

mHkkj ,d fof’k"V O;fDrRo dk

LorU= Hkkjr ds fy, viuh vyx jkg fu/kkZfjr djus dhftEesnkjh lafo/kku lHkk dh FkhA pkj uoEcj 1948 dks tc lafo/kkudk elfonk lnu esa cgl ds fy, is”k gqvk rks lnL;ksa ds ,d Hkkxdks yxk fd ;g jkg og ugha gS ftldh ns”k dks vko”;drk gSApkS/kjh j.kchj flag muesa vxz.kh Fks tks le>rs Fks fd ;gka igys[ksrh&fdlkuh dks etcwrh feyus ls ns”k rjDdh dh jkg ij vkxsc<sxk tcfd nwljk er Fkk fd ns”k dks iwath&dsfUnzr Hkkjh m|ksxksads cy ij etcwrh feysxhA lafo/kku lHkk us vUr esa blh nwljs erdks xzg.k fd;kA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds ml tekus esa dFku dsegRo dks vkt ns”k ds lkeus is”k leL;kvksa ds lUnHkZ esa ns[kus lsle>k tk ldrk gSA os ml vyx jkg ds iSjksdkj cus ftldkvolj ml le; gkFk ls xaok fn;k x;k FkkA

izLrqr iqLrd pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds ml i{k dks lkeus ykrhgS ftldk vglkl vkt cgqr de yksxksa dks gSA blds fy, ys[kdus muds lafo/kku lHkk rFkk vU; lnuksa esa fn, x, Hkk"k.kksa dks pqukgS tc mUgksaus LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa dfBu la?k"kZ ds ckn viuslalnh; thou dh 'kq#vkr dh Fkh vkSj ckn esa ,d ris gq, jktusrkds rkSj ij ftEesnkfj;ksa dks fuHkk;k FkkA lafo/kku lHkk esa os mlLorU=rk vkUnksyu dh fojklr dks ysdj vkxs c<s tks xzkeh.k Hkkjr

xviii / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

dh tehuh gdhdr ls tUeh FkhA ml le; mudh vk;q 32 lkydqN eghus Hkj dh Fkh tc mUgsa 10 tqykbZ 1947 dks bl lnu dklnL; pquk x;k FkkA

;g og le; Fkk tc vktkn Hkkjr ds Hkfo"; dh ydhjsa [khaphtk jgh Fkha( m|ksx o 'kgjhdj.k dh uhao Mkyh tk jgh FkhA xzkeh.kvFkZO;oLFkk fczfV'k 'kklu ds FkisM+ksa ls igys gh =Lr FkhA bl O;Fkkls =Lr xzkeh.k Hkkjr dh jktnjckj ds bl l'kDr eap ij vkoktcuuk vius vki esa ,d gkSlys dh ckr FkhA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ftlekVh ls lkal ysdj cM+s gq,] ftldh O;Fkk dks Hkksxk mlds izfrthou Hkj bZekunkj jgs] ;g iqLrd bl rF; dks is'k djrh gSA

uo xfBr lafo/kku lHkk dh igyh cSBd 9 fnlEcj 1946 dksgqbZA mlus 22 tuojh 1947 dks ,d izLrko ikfjr dj mu fl)kUrksadks xzg.k fd;k ftudks vkxs j[k dj ns'k dk Hkkoh lafo/ku cukA4 uoEcj] 1948 dks lafo/kku dk elkSnk lnu esa is'k gqvkA blesaO;fDr <kaps ds dsUnz esa FkkA tcfd xzkeh.k Hkkjr dh iwjh O;oLFkklfn;ksa ls ifjokj rFkk leqnk; ij fVdh gqbZ gSA

,sls esa lafo/kku lHkk rFkk ckn esa vU; lnuksa esa Hkh xzkeh.kvFkZO;oLFkk rFkk mlds lkekftd rkusckus ds iSjksdkj gksus dk vFkZvyx rjg dk egRo j[krk gSA xzkeh.k <kapk pksV [kkrk tk jgkFkkA cgl esa ,d&,d fcanq ij vius utfj;s dks csfgpd j[krs gq,xzkeh.k Hkkjr ls U;k; djus dh vihy muds laokn esa gSA

;wa pkS/kjh lkfgc dk O;fDrRo cgq&vk;keh FkkA lafo/kku lHkkesa dkuwuh lokyksa ls ysdj vFkZO;oLFkk rd mudh utj esa p<sAfQj] yksd lHkk] jkT; lHkk rFkk vU; lnuksa esa mUgksaus fof/k fo"k;ksaij viuh idM+ dk ifjp; fn;kA

vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag / xix

bl iqLrd dks rS;kj djus ds ihNs fo”ks’k iz;kstu gSA fdlkuifjokj esa tUes ,d gksugkj ckyd dh LorU=rk vkUnksyu ds gkFkvuks[ks uk;d ds :i esa jpuk ls ysdj xzkeh.k vkapy ds vFkd;ks)k cuus dh dgkuh ls :c: djkukA ^pkS/kjh j.kchj flag'kks/kihB dk ekuuk gS fd xqykeh nkSj ds fo#) la?k"kZ esa gfj;k.kkds bl ;ks)k dh fnypLi dgkuh vkSj muds thouewY;ksa dksvketu ds lkeus j[kk tk, rkfd lekt esa U;k;cks/k ekj u [kk,A

fnu&fnu ;g vglkl xgjkrk tk jgk gS fd ns”k ,oa izns”kesa LorU=rk vkUnksyu dh lkekU; psruk dk yksi gksrk tk jgk gS;k tks dqN dgha cpk Hkh gS] lrgh gS] jVk&jVk;k gSA mlls dqNgkfly gksus okyk ugha gSA Ldwyksa esa blij i<kuk gh can gks x;kgS ftlls ge vius bfrgkl dks gh Hkwy cSBsaxsA

dkfyt vFkok fo”ofo|ky;ksa ds Lrj ij oSls gh ekufodh(Humanities) fo’k;ksa dks ihNs /kdsyk tk pqdk gSA fQj] dghai<us&i<kus dk volj gS rks nksuks] i<us vkSj i<kus okyksa dk eubl fo’k; ls mpV x;k gSA LorU=rk vkUnksyu dks izk;ksftr dFkkekudj fQtwy ,oa vuksi;ksxh eku fy;k x;k gSA ;g vuk;klugha gqvk gSA ,d cgqr cM+k rcdk LorU=rk vkUnksyu dh psrukdks ftruk tYnh gks Hkqyk nsus esa fnypLih j[krk gSA bl fn'kk esaiz;kl rst+ gq, gSaA blls tks [krjk Hkkjrh; lekt dks gksus okykgS ml ij fdlh dks /;ku nsus dh QqlZr ugha gSA ysfdu] lp ;gHkh gS fd blds izfr vka[k can djus ls ;g {kfr de ugha gksus okyhgS vkSj u feVsxhA bl rF; dk vglkl lekt esa jguk pkfg,A tcls crk;k tkus yxk gS fd dSfj;j cukus dk gquj lh[kuk gh f”k{kkgS] /ku Hkxoku dk ntkZ ik x;k gS vkSj vkRe&dsfUnzr O;fDrokn

xx / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

okrkoj.k esa Nkus yxk gS rks ekuoh; fj'rks dk voewY;;u gksdjlekt dh psruk ekj [kkus yxh gSA

ns”k ds LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa gfj;k.kk izkUr vxz.kh Hkwfedk esajgk gSA mlds vusd liwrksa us vn~Hkqr lkgl vkSj fu’Bk dkbfrgkl jpkA bl la?k’kZ esa ls ri dj fudyh vusd foHkwfr;ksa ij;g {ks= ukt dj ldrk gSA xqykeh ds nnZ us bUgs cspSu fd;k FkkAijUrq] le; chrrs chrrs ;s yksx foLefr esa yksi gksrs tk jgs gS vkSjmudh la?k’kZ dh xkFkk ls u;h ihf<;ka yxHkx vutku gks xbZ gSAbuesa ,d vuks[kk pfj= pkS/kjh j.kchj flag gS tks ,sls tekus dsizfrfuf/k gSa tc vius vkSj vius dke ds ckjs esa izpkj dh ifjikVhls ijgst djuk fl[kk;k tkrk FkkA ^deZ dj vkSj Hkwy tk* dhdgkor vke FkhA c?kkjus ls ugha irk pyrk] fdlku dk [ksr crkrkgS fd gkyh dSlk gS! ysfdu pkS/kjh lkfgc tkus ls igys ml tekusdh ngyht rd gks dj x, tks dsoy izpkj ls [kkrk&thrk gSAmUgksaus csykx gks dj nksuksa ds vUrj dks ns[kkA ;g iqLrd mluk;d ds ckjs esa gS tks LorU=rk vkUnksyu ds thoUr ewY;ksa dsv/;k; dk ;gka vfUre izgjh FkkA

LorU=rk laxzke ds vej ;ks)k pkS/kjh mneh jke ds lEca/k esaavkt iwNk tk, fd og dkSu Fks rks vf/kd lEHkkouk ;g curh gS fdizkUr ds Nk=ksa esa “kr izfr“kr vkSj vU; rcdksa esa vkSlru 99 izfr”kryksx cxysa >kadrs feysaxsA ;gka eku fy;k x;k gS fd ,d n”kdigys ,d lTtu dh Ñik ls jksgrd jsfM;ks LVs”ku }kjk izlkfjrmneh jke ij ,d ukVd rFkk ckn esa izdkf”kr ,d NksVh iqfLrdkds ek/;e ls feyh tkudkjh ds tfj;s ,d izfr”kr yksx mUgsaigpkuus yxs gksaxsA vktknh ds ckn gekjh orZeku f”k{kk i)fr dhÑik ls fLFkfr ;gka igqaph [kM+h gS ftlds cycwrs gekjs i<+s&fy[ks

vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag / xxi

rcds dk Kkuh gksus dk nEHk lkrosa vkleku ij jgrk gS vkSj osxzkeh.k Hkkjr dks vKkurk o fiNM+siu* dk dqaM crkrs gq, dHkh ughaFkdrs tks ckr yxHkx 150 o"kZ igys vaxzst vf/kdkjh eSVdkWQ usHkkjr dks 1857 dh ?kVukvksa ds ckn dyafdr djus ds fy, dguhavkjEHk dh FkhA

;g crdgh vc rd ;gka ds i<s&fy[ks rcds dk vke fQdjkcu pyk gS! ;g rcdk ek= ml tqxkyh ij vius Kkuh gksus ds?keaM esa vkt Hkh thrk gS] ;g vQlksl dh ckr gSA LorU=rkvkUnksyu ds ckjs esa ek= 65 o’kZ chrus ij gh QSyh vKkurk dkdsoy ,d ;gh dkj.k ugha gS] rks Hkh bls vk/kkj ;gh f”k{kk iz.kkyhdk ekSfyd pfj= iznku djrk gSA

m/kj] ,d dMqvk lR; gS% vktknh dk chtea= xqykeh dkudkj gSA Hkkjr us bls Hkqxr dj lh[kk gSA fczfV”k “kklu us ns”kdk ne gh ?kkasV fn;k FkkA ijUrq] euq’; ,oa mlds lekt dh psrukus vaxMkbZ yh rc] ;gka ds LorU=rk vkUnksyu dh xkFkk fy[kh xbZArky Bksad dj yydkjus ij gh ;g yqVsjk “kklu lekIr gqvkA

ltx u jgsa rks] le; chrus ij] xqykeh nkSj ds neu] vU;k;]“kks’k.k o iífyr e;kZnk dh ihM+k dk vglkl ftl dnz de gksxk]LorU=rk dk ewY;cks/k tkrk jgsxk( vktknh vFkZ [kks nsxh vkSj,d&u&,d fnu bldk eqj>kuk ykfteh gSA Hkfo’; ij fuxkgj[kus okyh dksbZ ftank dkSe vius vrhr dks Hkwyrh gS rks mlh nnZds ykSVus dh lEHkkouk curh gS] nq?kZVuk ls fHkM+us dh psruk ekj[kkrh gS] lkgl fc[kjus dk [krjk [kM+k gksrk gS] vU;k; ove;kZfnr vkpj.k dks lgus] le>kSrk djus dh ço`fr çfrf’Brgksrh gS( nksLr vkSj nq”eu ds chp dk QdZ /kqa/kyk gksrk gS] /kks[kk

xxii / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

[kkus dk ekxZ rS;kj gksrk gS] vktknh dks cpkus dh yyd [kRe gksrhgSA blls xqykeh ds ykSVus dh jkg [kqyrh gSA

blfy, vko”;d gS fd ftank dkSe vius [kV~Vs&ehBs bfrgklls fujUrj :c: jgsA vius mu iwoZtksa ls lh[krh jgs ftUgksaus blsvkxs c<kus esa da/kk yxk;kA yS- duZy pUnz flag nyky laosnu”khyO;fDr gSa vkSj v/;;u'khy HkhA mudks pkS/kjh lkfgc dk O;fDrRoHkk;kA muds miyC/k lkfgR; dks [kaxkyk vkSj bl iqLrd dks :ins fn;kA mudh reUuk jgh fd orZeku ,oa Hkkoh ihf<;ksa dks pkS/kjhlkfgc ds ckjs esa crk;k tk,A ;g iqLrd pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ijdksbZ foLrr thouh u gksdj ,d laf{kIr ifjp;kRed ladyu gSftldh rRdky vko”;drk FkhA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ,d dfBu nkSj esa viuh lkekftd ftEesnkjhdk fuokZg djus vkxs vk,A fQj] fons”kh “kklu dh lekfIr ij tcns”k ds Hkfo’; dh uhao j[kh tk jgh Fkh rc mUgksaus fuMj Hkko mufgrksa dh iSjoh dh ftuesa mudk eu jpk&clk Fkk vkSj le>rs Fksftl jkg ij py dj ns”k rjDdh dj ldrk gSA os ml Je dsi{kikrh cus tks xkao esa [kVrk gSA iwath dh nqfu;ka ds ,sc mUgsa jklugha FksA ;g ckr ckj ckj lkeus vkbZA os vU;k; ds fojks/kh vkSjU;k; ds fgek;rh cu dj jgsA ml le; [ksrh dh dher dksmUgksaus le>k tc dksbZ le>uk ugha pkgrk FkkA gfj;k.kk esaLorU=rk vkUnksyu dh bl fojklr ds os lPps gdnkj jgsA ;gmudh [kwch FkhA izLrqr izdk”ku mudh bl nsu dks le>us esa enndjsxk] ,slh vk”kk gSA

Kku flag v/;{k]

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag 'kks/kihB

vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag / xxiii

y s[ kd d h v ksj l s

iqLrd ifjp;

;g vius vki esa vuks[kk n"VkUr gS fd pkS/kjh j.kchj flag lkrfofHkUu lnuksa ds lnL; jgs FksA os iatkc fo/kku lHkk ls lafo/kkulHkk rFkk Hkkjrh; fo/kku ifj"kn esa 14 tqykbZ] 1947 ls 25 tuojh]1950 rd rFkk varfje yksdlHkk esa 26 tuojh] 1950 ls ekpZ] 1952rd] mlds mijkar] ekpZ] 1952 ls ekpZ] 1962 rd izFke rFkk f}rh;yksdlHkk esa jksgrd pquko {ks= ls lkaln jgsA 12 ekpZ] 1962 esarRdkyhu iatkc vlsacyh ds fy, pqus x, vkSj ogka ij ea=h inlaHkkykA 1 uoEcj] 1966 dks iatkc ls vyx gksdj orZeku gfj;k.kkdk tUe gqvk rks os uoxfBr gfj;k.kk ljdkj esa Hkh ea=h in ijjgsA ysfdu] gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk ds izFke pquko esa o"kZ 1967 esa ughathr ik, vkSj fo/kkulHkk Hkax gksus ij 'kh?kz gh nksckjk pquko thrdjgfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa jgsA mlds mijkar] o"kZ 1972 esa jkT;lHkkds lnL; ds :i esa pqu fy, x,] tgka os 1978 rd jgsA

o"kZ 1976 esa ,d o"kZ ds fy, jkT;lHkk ds okbZl ps;jeSu dsiSuy ij Hkh jgsA jkT;lHkk esa lnu ds fMIVh yhMj jgs vkSj ekpZ]1977 esa dsUnz ljdkj cnyus ij os fojks/kh ny ds miusrk Hkh jgsAbl 40 o"kZ dh vof/k esa lkr lnuksa dh lnL;rk esa pkS/kjh lkgcus gtkjksa ckj viuh ckr dgh] iz'u iwNs] IokbaV vkWQ vkMZj ekaxk]

xxiv / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

cgl o ppkZvksa esa lfØ; Hkkx fy;k vkSj fofHkUu desfV;ksa ds lfdz;lnL; jgs vkSj ogka vius dke dh Nki NksM+hA

FkksM+s gh le; ckn laln esa mudha igpku xzkeh.k fodklrFkk fdlku fgrS"kh ds :i esa gks xbZ Fkh] ftldk mUgksaus thoui;ZUr fuokZg fd;k gSA vafre le; rd ;gh mudh igpku cuhjgh vkSj vkidks nsgkr lq/kkj dk i;kZ; ekuk tkus yxkA

muds [kkl fo"k;ksa esa fdlku] etnwj rFkk mlls lacf/kreqn~ns pkgs og tehu vf/kxzg.k ls lacaf/kr gksa vFkok df"k mit dsmfpr ewY; gksa] flapkbZ ls lacaf/kr Hkk[kM+k rFkk ;equk fodkl ;kstuk¼fd'kkÅ MSe½ gksa o vU; ekeys gksa tks tufgr ls lh/ks ljksdkjj[krs gksa] tSls dkyk /ku dh leL;k] bR;kfn FksA

mUgksaus viuh vksj ls tksj nsdj bu leL;kvksa dks fuMjrkls mBk;k rFkk mldk lkFkZd izHkko Hkh gqvkA fofHkUu lnuksa esa cglds v/;;u ls Li"V gksrk gS fd vkius tufgr dk eqn~nk mBkrsle; dHkh fdlh dk ncko ugha ekuk vkSj ncax gksdj dgk] tks dqNmUgsa dguk Fkk & pkgs og fdlh dks pqHkrk jgk gks vkSj jkl u vk;kgksA vkius HkykbZ ds dke gsrq fdlh dh Hkh ijokg ugha dh vkSj Vdklh ckr dg nhA blds mijkar dksbZ iNrkok ugha fd;k] pkgs mUgsajktuhfrd ?kkVk Hkh mBkuk iM+k gksA vfirq] mlh leL;k dks ekSdkfeyus ij iqu% nqxus tks'k ls izLrqr djus ls Hkh ugha pwdsA

pkS/kjh lkgc }kjk mBk, x, dqN [kkl eqn~nksa dk oxhZdj.kdjds izLrqr iqLrd esa v/;k;ksa esa j[kk x;k gSA Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k]xzkeh.k fodkl o df"k rFkk i'kqikyu] flapkbZ ds fy, Hkk[kM+k rFkk;equk ?kkVh ;kstuk,a] fo'ks"k rkSjij fd'kkÅ MSe rFkk dqN fefJrleL;kvksa ij vkids fopkjksa ds egRoiw.kZ va'k ,df=r djds izLrqr

vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag / xxv

fd, x, gSaA ,d LFkku ij dqN ,sls n"Vkaar Hkh fn, x, gSa] tgkafofHkUu lnuksa esa ppkZvksa esa Hkkx ysrs le; vkids ;ksxnku dksvkids lg;ksfx;ksa rFkk dHkh dHkkj foi{kh usrkvksa us Hkh ljkgkA,dk/k ckj rkuktuh ij vkius iyVokj djuk iM+k] tks vkids n<+fu'p; dks n'kkZrk gSA

vki ges'kk Li"VoDrk jgs rFkk tufgr ds fy, cs[kkSQgksdj cksyrs FksA mu fnuksa ehfM;k dk izpkj o izlkj ukeek= FkkvkSj ;fn Fkk Hkh rks og xzke fodkl dh leL;kvksa dh vuns[khdjrk FkkA blhfy,] vkids fopkj tuekul rd ugha igqap ik,Abl ?kkVs dks iwjk djus ds fy, vkSj pkS/kjh lkfgc ds ckjs esa lghtkudkjh gsrq izLrqr iqLrd dh jpuk dh xbZ gSA blesa tks iz;kldjds dqN pquh gqbZ ckrksa dks fn;k x;k gS] mls chp&chp esa viuhckr dgrs gq, pkS/kjh lkgc us tgka&tgka tks dqN dgk gS] og gqcgqm)`r fd;k gS] u de u T;knkA bu lHkh fo"k;ksa ij muds foLrrHkk"k.k vc miyC/k gSa ftudk v/;;u fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d rjgls ;g izLrqrhdj.k ifjp;kRed gSA

;wa rks eSa O;fDrxr rkSj ij pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dks vius;qokdky ls tkurk Fkk] fdUrq muds dke rFkk O;fDrRo dks fudVls le>us dk de gh volj jgkA muds fu/ku ds ckn dqN ckrsalkeus vkbZ tks QSyh vusd HkzkfUr;ksa dks rksM+rh yxrh gSaA chrs o"kZegf"kZ n;kuUn fo'ofo|ky; esa dk;Zjr ^pkS/kjh j.kchj flag 'kks/kihB* }kjk LorU=rk vkUnksyu esa gfj;k.kk dh Hkwfedk ,oa pkS/kjhj.kchj flag ij vk;ksftr nks fnu dh xks"Bh ds nkSjku ik;k fdgekjk ;g iwoZt vuks[ks O;fDrRo dk /kuh Fkk ftl ij fdlh Hkh {ks=o dkSe dks ukt gks ldrk gSA lu~ 1950 esa laln ds ,d l= esausrkth dh vkbZ- ,u- ,- ij mUgsa cs[kkSQ odkyr djrs ns[k dj eq>s

xxvi / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

vPNk yxkA mudks tkuus dh rhoz bPNk txhA lafo/kku lHkk esaokn&fookn esa >kadk x;k rks vthc lk vglkl gqvk fd gei<s&fy[ks yksxksa us bl bfrgkl iq#"k dks vc rd D;ksa le>us dkiz;kl ugha fd;kA iqLrd dks fy[kus dh ;gh i"BHkwfe cuh ftldksvkdkj nsus esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag 'kks/kihB us gkFk cVk;kA

vk'kk gS fd izLrqr iqLrd ikBdksa dks gfj;k.kk ds ,d ,slsvn~Hkqr O;fDrRo ls :c: djkus esa lQy gks ldsxh tks pqipkidke djus esa vf/kd fo'okl djrk Fkk] vkRe&iz'kalk esa ughaAmUgksaus tufgr esa dk;Z djus esa dksbZ dksj&dlj ugha NksM+h vkSjlnSo rRij jgs] ftls ge thou iz;Ur ;kn j[ksaxsA

ysf¶V- duZy pUnzflag nyky ¼v-izk-½ ys[kd

dld / 1

1 dl d

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag jketl dkfyt] fnYyh ls xszT;q,Vgksus ds dqN le; ckn dkaxzsl esa HkrhZ gksdj LorU=rk vkUnksyu esatqV x, FksA ifjokj esa vk;Zlekt ds fl)kUrksa vkSj vktknh ds fy,la?k"kZ dk ekgkSy FkkA ckY;dky ls ifjokj esa iwjk okrkoj.k u;hpsruk vkSj la?k"kZ dk Fkk ftlus muds vlk/kkj.k O;fDrRo cuus dhuhao j[khA muds firk] pkS/kjh ekrw jke bykds esa vius le; dsizfrf"Br O;fDr Fks ftUgksaus ;qok j.kchj flag dks vktknh dh yM+kbZesa tqM+us ds fy, izksRlkgu fn;k vkSj os runsgh ls dke esa yx x,A

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds lkeus ml le; ds gj psru'khy;qod dh rjg ,d fu.kkZ;d loky [kM+k gks x;k Fkk fd vc os D;kdjs \ mUgksaus lksp fy;k Fkk fd vc os ns'k dh vktknh ds fy,la?k"kZ esa 'kkfey gks dj viuk lkekftd nkf;Ro fuHkk;saxsA 3flrEcj 1939 dks nwljk fo'o ;q) vkjEHk gqvk FkkA vaxzstksa us blns'k dks ;q) esa >ksadus dh ?kks"k.kk dj nhA ljdkj dh uhfr dk ;gkafojks/k Hkh gqvkA blls dkaxzsl 'kkflr jkT;ksa dh ljdkjksa us R;kxi= ns fn;kA ijUrq iatkc dh ;wfu;fuLV ikVhZ us R;kx i= ughafn;kA rdZ ;g Fkk fd ljdkj ds lkFk feydj gh fdlkuksa dhHkykbZ ds dke fd, tk ldsaxsA fdUrq] pkS/kjh lkgc dh lksp nwljhcuh vkSj os ns'k dh vktknh esa gh fdlku&etnwj rFkk nsgkr dk

2 / vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

Hkyk ns[krs FksA vkRelEeku vkSj vius cwrs gh dksbZ dkSe lgh vFkZesa rjDdh dj ldrh gS] ;g mudh lksp cuhA vius ?kj dks viusgkFk gh laokjk tk ldrk gSA mUgksaus ml gd ds fy, yM+us dkQSlyk ys fy;k vkSj blds fy, vkUnksyu ls tqM+ x,A

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dk O;fDrxr lR;kxzg vkUnksyu esa Hkkxysuk lfØ; jktuhfr esa mudh igyh lh<+h FkhA 5 vizSy] 1941 dksmUgksaus lR;kxzg esa Hkkx fy;k vkSj mUgsa muds xkao lka?kh ls ghfxj¶rkj djds tsy Hkst fn;k x;kA fQj ihNs eqM+ dj mUgksaus ughans[kk vkSj futh lgwfy;r rFkk vktknh ds fy, futh ykHk&gkfudk fopkj dHkh ugha fd;kA dHkh fdlh vksPNs dke dks gkFk ughayxk;kA bl ri us muds O;fDrRo dks [kwc fu[kkjk vkSj osusrkvksa&dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dh fe=e.Myh dh vka[k dk rkjk cu x,A

jk"Vª ds izfr vVwV ,oa vuqie lsokvksa rFkk dqckZfu;ksa dseísutj 10 tqykbZ 1947 dks iatkc izkUr ls pkS/kjh lkgc Hkkjr dhlafo/kku lHkk ds fy, vU; lnL;ksa ds lkFk fufoZjks/k pqu fy, x,Alu~ 1857 dh cxkor esa vxqvk Hkwfedk fuHkkus ds tqeZ esa vaxzstksa usbls fNrjk fn;k Fkk vkSj ,d fgLls dks iatkc esa feyk fn;k FkkA tcpkS/kjh lkfgc lafo/kku lHkk ds fy, pqus x, ml oDr gfj;k.kk {ks=iatkc dk vax Fkk ftldh os uqekbUnxh djrs FksA

14 tqykbZ 1947 dks mUgksaus lnu esa lnL;rk dh 'kiFk ysdjviuk dke vkjEHk dj fn;kA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag lafo/kku lHkk dsfy, pqus x, rc ml lnu ds fy, fu/kkZfjr vk;q lhek ls de] ek=32 o"kZ dh mez ds FksA ml le; ds gkykr ls ftl rjg mUgksaustw>uk vkjEHk fd;k vkSj ftu thou ewY;ksa ls xqaFks gq, Fks mulsmuds O;fDrRo dk fuekZ.k gqvkA ;g vpjt dh ckr ugha FkhA

dld / 3

vpjt gksrk gS rks dsoy mudh fu"Bk] yxu rFkk tTcs ij ftudscycwrs os vuks[ks cusA tc os lafo/kku lHkk ds lnL; cus ;g mudhlalnh; jktuhfr ds iVy ij u;h ikjh dh 'kq#vkr Fkh tgka ,dvyx lalkj ls os nkspkj gq,A

lafo/kku lHkk dk ifjn`';

LokHkkfod Fkk fd NksVh lh mez esa ns'k ds fnXxt usrkvksa dschp cSB dj muesa viuh txg ryk'k djds fdjnkj dks r;djukA bl ij ckn esa Lo;a mUgksaus dgk gS%

^^lafo/kku lHkk esa ,d ls ,d fnXxt FksA dgka cM+s&cM+sodhy&cSfjLVj] ys[kd&izksQslj] cM+s&cM+s fo}ku vkSj ÅapsntsZ ds oDrk vkSj fpard vkSj dgka eSaA dqN] ftls vglklsderjh dgrs gSa] og bu fnuksa eq> ij gkoh jgkA ysfdufQj lkspk] pyks tks ftruk cu ik;sxk bZekunkjh lsd:axkA dqN fnu eSaus lHkk dh dk;Zokgh dks [kwc xaHkhjrkls ns[kk&le>kA lc Hkk"k.k /;ku ls lqusA t:jh t:jhckrksa ds uksV~l Hkh fy,A lHkk dh lkjh dk;Zokgh esa eSausik;k fd tc Hkh xkao] fdlku] etnwj ds fo"k;; esa cglrFkk Hkk”k.k gksrs rks os lrgh Lrj ij gh jgrsA eSus ogkaviuh txg eglwl dhA eSa bu fo"k;ksa dks vkSjksa ls T;knktkurk FkkA eSus lc ckrsa vUnj ls ns[kh FkhaA eSaus QSlykfd;k nwljs tx&chrh dg jgs gSa eSa vki&chrh dgwaxkA**¼Lojkt ds Loj] laLej.k&pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 2005] i"B 113½

bl euksHkkouk dks ysdj os lafo/kku lHkk esa lfØ; gq,A mudsvkRe&fo'okl dh ;gh iq"BHkwfe rS;kj gqbZA bl ij os [kjs mrjsA

lafo/kku lHkk esa tYnh gh ,d fLFkfr cu dj [kM+h gks xbZ


FkhA 4 uoEcj] 1948 dks Mªkf¶Vax desVh dh vksj ls fof/keU=h usrS;kj fd, x, lafo/kku dk izk:i lnu esa fopkj ds fy, is'kfd;kA izLrkfor lafo/kku esa xkao dgka gS ;g iwNk tkus yxkA blij lafo/kku dk izk:i is'k djrs gq, fof/keU=h us dg fn;k fd%

^êq>s rks izlUurk gS fd fo/kku ds elfons esa xkao dks ckgjQSad fn;k x;k gS vkSj O;fDr dks jk"Vª dh ewy bdkbZ ekukx;k gSA** ¼lafo/kku lHkk ds okn&fookn dh ljdkjh fjiksVZ] fgaanh

laLdj.k] 4-11-1948] iqLrd la- 3] i"B 77½

bl ij lnu esa ckosyk ep x;kA lnu nks fgLlksa esa caVx;kA ,d rjQ os Fks tks xka/khth dh rjg lafo/kku esa xkao dhizeq[krk pkgrs FksA nwljh vksj os yksx Fks tks 'kgjksa dh nqfu;ka esarjDdh [kkst jgs FksA elfons ij fnypLi cgl gqbZ vkSj lathnkHkh ftlesa ;s nks utfj;s mHkj dj lkeus vk,A lnu esa ml le;lnL;ksa dk ewM tkuus ds fy, pan Hkk"k.kksa ds va'k dkQh gSa%

ikap uoEcj 1948 dks ,d lnL;]

Jh ,p oh dkWeFk us dgk fd

^^dy dk mu ¼fof/keU=h½ dk Hkk"k.k ,d izfrHkk'kkyh uxj

fuoklh ds leku Fkk vkSj ;fn xzke fuokfl;ksa dh vksj gekjk ;gh

#[k jgk] rks eSa dsoy ;gh dg ldrk gwa fd bZ'oj gh gekjh j{kk

djs! ¼ogh] i"B 117&119 fnUkkad 5-11-1948½

Jh f'kCcu yky lDlsuk us dgk fd %

eq>s Hkjkslk gS fd bl lnu dh cgqr cMh+ la[;k xkao

x.kjkT;ksa ij bl nf’Vdks.k ls lger ugÈ gSaA----- eSa futh rkSj ij

eglwl djrk gwa fd ;s xkao x.kjkT;] :l dh lksfo;rksa dh rjg

dld / 5

vPNs Lo'kklu dk ekWMy cu ldrh gSaA eSa lksprk gwa fd lafo/kku

esa xkao x.kjkT; LFkkfir djus dk çko/kku gks*A------ ;g lc lqu dj

eq>s nq[k gqvk fd fof/k ea=h ml iz.kkyh ls ?k.kk djrs gSa] ftlesa

xzkeksa dh bPNk loksZifj ekuh tkrh gSA esjs fopkj ls gesa ml Hkkx

dk mfpr la'kks/ku djuk iM+sxk*A ¼ogh i‘B 110] fnUukad 5-11-1948½

Jh lkjax/kj nkl us dgk fd %

eq>s ;gka vo”; dguk gS fd gekjs Ldwy o dkfytksa esa

if”peh f”k{kk QSyus ls ge xkao ls ukrk rksM c+SBs gSaA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us 06-11-1948 dks dgk fd %

eSa ,d nsgkrh gwa- fdlku ds ?kj iyk gwa vkSj ijofj”k ik;k gwa-

dqnjrh rkSj ij mldk laLdkj esjs mij gS vkSj mldk eksg]

mldh lkjh leL;k;sa vkt esjs fnekx esa gSaA------eSa lksprk gwa

fd ns”k ds fuekZ.k esa xkaoksa dks mudk okftc fgLlk feyuk

pkfg, vkSj xkaoksa dk çHkko gj {ks= esa jguk pkfg,A ds guqeUFkS;k us 17 11 1949 dks dgk fd %

lafo/kku dh iwjh rLohj çkIr gksus ij] eSa rks bl lafo/kku dk

Lokxr djus vkSj iwjh rjg bldk xq.kxku djus ds fy,

viuk eu ugÈ cuk ik jgk gwaA ;g dqN bl rjg gS fd ge

us ekaxk rks oh.kk ;k flrkj ¼ns”k dk laxhr½ Fkk] ysfdu fn;k

x;k gS vaxzst ds laxhr dk cSaM-A lsB xksfcUn nkl us 22 11 1948 dks dgk fd %

Lknu esa Mªk¶V is”k djrs gq, xkaoksa ds lEcU/k esa tks dqN dgk

mlls eq>s vkSj eSa le>rk gwa bl lnu dh cgqr Hkkjh la[;k

dks nnZ gqvk gSJh ih ,l ns'keq[k us 22-11-1949 dks dgk fd %


eSa lafo/kku dks ,d nwljs fcUnq ij Hkh nks"kiw.kZ ikrk gwaA ------ge

yksxksa dh vkdka{kkvksa ij [kjs ugÈ mrjs gSA ;g dgus esa vfr

ugÈ gS fd] fdruk Hkh vxkspj D;ksa u gks] ,d vksj ljdkj vkSj

nwljh rjQ turk ds chp ,d }U} mHkj jgk gSA yksx lkspus

yxs gSa fd ;g ç”kklu mudk ugÈ gSA eq>s lUnsg gS fd ;g

lafo/kku orZeku ;qx dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djsxk ;k Hkkjrh;

yksxksa dh çfrHkk dks lUrq’V djsxk-Jh ch ih >qu>qUokyk us dgk fd %

;g xkao x.kjkT; ugÈ Fks ftUgksaus ns”k dh yqfV;k Mqcks;h Fkh]

cfYd ckr blds myV gSA fczfV”k jkt esa ;g dsUæ Fkk ftlus

xkao dks cckZn fd;k tks ns”k dh vkcknh dk 90 çfr”kr fgLlk

gS vkSj ftlus ns”k dks fHk[keaxk cuk fn;kA Jh deykifr frokjh us dgk fd %

eSa uezrk ls dgrk gwa fd eq>s yxrk gS fd ;g lkekU; tu

dk lafo/kku rks lc ls de gS-Jh egkohj R;kxh usa 25-11-1949 dks dgk fd

xkao okyksa dh nf’V ls fp= uhjl vkSj csdkj gS- xkao oklh dks

;dhu fnykus ds fy, eSa dksbZ nyhy ugÈ ns ldwaxk fd 26

tuojh 1950 ¼ lafo/kku ykxw gksus dh rkjh[k½ ls mldh gkyr

csgrj gksxhA mlds fy, blesa dqN Hkh Bksl ugÈ gS ftlls og

bl lafo/kku dks vPNs <ax ls le>sA vr% esjk fuosnu gS fd

dsoy tc /kjrh cksus okyksa dks ;g lafo/kku pykus esas l{ke

cuk;s rHkh os bls vius vf/kdkjksa vkSj LorU=rk dk pkVZj ds

crkSj csgrj le>saxs-

¼ lEcfU/kr m)j.k va”k vaxzsth+ ls LoNUn vuqokn½

dld / 7

lnu dh dk;Zokgh ls fy, x, bu pan m)j.kksa ls ckr lkQgks tkrh gS fd izLrkfor lafo/kku dks ysdj lnL; 'kgj o nsgkrbu nks izeq[k fgrksa dks ysdj ckr j[k jgs FksA ysfdu] fdruksa us blsvius fopkj vkSj deZ dk fgLlk cuk;k\ dguk dfBu gSA ijUrq,d ckr fufoZokn dgh tk ldrh gS fd buesa pkS/kjh j.kchj flagds fy, xzkeh.k Hkkjr oSpkfjd loky cu x;k FkkA vkxs Hkh lHkhlnuksa dh dk;Zokgh bl rF; dks izekf.kr djrh gSA

ckr ;gka dsoy nsgkr o 'kgj ds chp odkyr dh ugha FkhAml le; u oksV dh fxurh dk fglkc FkkA vly loky utfj;sdk Fkk] vktkn gq, ns'k ds fy, fodkl dh jkg r; djus dk FkkAbl esa izeq[k ckr ekuo Je vkSj iwath ds chp NkaV dh Fkh vkSjizLrkfor lafo/kku ds tfj;s r; dh xbZ jkg ds dkuwuh <kaps dkscukuk FkkA lafo/kku fuekZrk bl ftEesnkjh ls ifjfpr FksA blhfy,muesa ls cgqr xkao rFkk xkao dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, brus fpafrrFksA

ckr dsoy nsgkr o 'kgj dh gksrh rks dksbZ bls HkkoukRedvkxzg vFkok yxko dk dg dj gkFk /kks ysrkA ysfdu okn&fooknesa my>s lafo/kku fuekZrk iz'u dh xgjkbZ ls ifjfpr Fks] blfy,mUgksaus loky dks iwjh xEHkhjrk ls fy;kA ;gh dkj.k jgk fdlnu esa py jgh cgl esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dks ckj&ckj viusnsgkrh fgr dks nksgjkrs jguk iM+kA

tks yksx tehu ls tqM+s gq, Fks vkSj /kjkry dh vlfy;r lsokfdQ Fks mudh le> Fkh fd Hkkjr [ksrh ij fuHkZj ns'k gSA ;gkaJe&l?ku fodkl dh jkg gh lgh dk;Zuhfr curh gSA t; fdlkuds ukjs dk ;gh iz;kstu curk gSA nwljh vksj os yksx Fks tks iwath


iz/kku dkj[kkusnkjh esa ns'k dh lef) ns[k jgs Fks Hkys blls vkevkneh dk d"V c<rk gksA

bl cgl dks chrs yxHkx 64 lky gks x, gSaA ysfdu] [skrhdks fodkl dh /kqjh cukus ls vFkok m|ksx dks fodkl dk dsUnz ekudj pyus ls ns'k dk O;kid fgr l/krk gS] ;g loky vktvf/kd rh[kk gks x;k gS D;ksafd vc rd m|ksx dks fodkl dh/kqjh eku dj pyk x;k gS vkSSj vHkh Hkh ns'k dh leL;k,a gy gksusdk uke ugha ys jgh gSaA ml le; mBk;s x, loky ds egRo dksbl lUnHkZ esa ns[kuk pkfg,A

mez ek= 32 lky ikj dh Fkh tc ns'k ds Hkfo"; dh [kkfrj'kgj o xkao ds chp ekSfyd iz'u ij pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us mlle; vR;Ur ifjoDork dk ifjp;a fn;k vkSj ftanxh Hkj blijcy nsrs jgsA muds O;fDrRo dk ;g i{k cgqr egRo j[krk gSA

lafo/kku lHkk dk dke 26 uoEcj] 1949 dks lekIr gqvk vkSjbls iwjh rjg 26 tuojh 1950 dks ykxw fd;k x;kA pkS/kjh j.kchjflag lafo/kku lHkk] lafo/kku lHkk ¼fo/kk;h½ fQj vUrfje laln vkSjckn esa igyh o nwljh yksdlHkk rFkk iatkc o gfj;k.kk fo/kku lHkkvkSj lu~ 1978 rd jkT; lHkk esa [kwc lfØ; jgsA

lHkh lnuksa esa pkS/kjh lkfgc us viuk i{k ugha cnykAmUgksaus lnk vki&chrh dgh ftlls os ftanxh Hkj xzkeh.k Hkkjr dhl'kDr vkokt cu dj lkeus vk;s vkSj blesa dgha dksbZ nqjko&fNikougha cjrkA ;g budh viuh [kkfl;r jghA pkS/kjh j.kchj flagfdlku Fks rks muds pfj= esa fuMjrk] lPpkbZ vkSj viuksa ds izfryxu o fu"diV vkpj.k mu dh igpku FksA mlh rjg mudkthou lh/kk&lknk FkkA vkxs ns[krs gSa---

d`f"k ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl \ 9

fo"k; ijpkS/kjh j.kchj flag ,d cgq&vk;keh O;fDrRo ds /kuh Fks]

tcfd muds thou ij bl iqLrd dk 'kh"kZd mUgsa xzkeh.k vkapyds izgjh dk ntkZ nsrk fn[krk gSA nksuksa esa dksbZ vUrj&fojks/k ughagSA mudh #fp esa tgka xkao jpk clk gqvk Fkk] 'kgj ls mUgsa uQjrugha FkhA fdUrq] 'kgfj;r iwath ij iyus okyh ,d vyx rjg dhrgthc dk uke gS ftlls mUgsa uQjr Fkh] ftlus LorU= jk"Vª dsxzkeh.k {ks= dks mlh le; ?ksjuk vkSj mlds izfr HksnHkko j[kukvkjEHk dj fn;k FkkA vius gfj;k.kk ls mudk yxko eka dh rjgjgk] tcfd nf"V mudh jk"Vª dh FkhA mudh le> iSuh vkSj csckdizÑfr mudk xq.k FkkA fl)kUr vkSj thouewY;ksa ds izfr vVwV fu"Bkvius firkJh ls fojklr esa feyh Fkh] ftlij Lora=rk vkUnksyuvkSj vk;Z lekt dh Nki FkhA

xzkeh.k ifjos'k esa tUes&iys vkSj cM+s gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flagus fdlkuksa dks dfBukbZ;ksa dk lkeuk djrs ns[kk FkkA vki c[kwchmu dfBukbZ;ksa ls okfdQ FksA fons'kh 'kklu ls xzkeh.k vkcknhflld jgh FkhA vfodflr xzkeh.k O;oLFkk esa lM+dksa] LokLF;lqfo/kkvksa] f'k{kk O;oLFkk o Mkd[kkuksa bR;kfn dh deh rks Fkh gh]vfirq df"k mRiknu ds fy,] flapkbZ ds fy, ikuh] cksus ds fy,vPNk cht] [kkn o dhVuk'kd nokvksa ds vHkko esa df"k iSnkokj de

2 df"k , oa xzkeh.k fodkl

10 \ vyx jkg ds i Sjksdkj pkS/kjh j.kchj fl ag

gksuk vkSj ml iSnkokj dk mfpr ewY; u feyuk] e.Mh esa fdlkudh mit dks cspus ds fy, vk<+rh }kjk rjg&rjg dh dVkSfr;ka]ftlesa vk<+r] nykyh] rqykbZ] equheh] lQkbZ] pkSdhnkjk bR;kfn'kkfey gSa] ftlls fdlku dks viuh esgur dk vk/ks ds djhc feyikrk FkkA bu lHkh T;knfr;ksa ls os c[kwch okfdQ FksA blfy, mudsfny esa ,d rjg dh Vhl FkhA mUgksaus lHkh lnuksa esa tgka&tgka oslnL; jgs] ekSdk feyrs gh xzkeh.k fodkl ij ckr tksj nsdj dghvkSj uhfr cnyokus ij cy fn;kA

mUgksaus df"k mRiknu ds fy, liksVZ izkbZl ¼leFkZu ewY;½ ijfo'ks"k /;ku fn;kA mUgksaus viuh ftUnxh esa df"k mit ij daVªksydk tekuk gh ugha ns[kk] df"k mRiknu ds Hk.Mkj.k ij jksd Hkhns[khA Qly vkus ij ewY; de gks tkrk Fkk vkSj fQj ,dne c<+tkrk Fkk] ftlls fdlku dks uqdlku gksrk FkkA bu lHkh fo"k;ksa ijvkius cM+s tksj'kksj ls vkSj Mads dh pksV ij fofHkUu ljdkjksa dkspsrkouh Hkh nh FkhA mldk vlj Hkh gqvk FkkA

df"k ds lkFk&lkFk tgka i'kq ikyu ij vkius ljdkj lsfuosnu fd;k fd gfj;k.kk vkSj iatkc ls HkSal vkSj xk; cEcbZ vkSjdydÙkk Hkst nh tkrh gSa vkSj nw/k iwjk gksus ij ogha dVok fn;ktkrk gSA ;fn ljdkj mUgsa okfil ykus dk cankscLr djs rks gemUgsa ikydj nksckjk nq/kk: cuk,saxsA

;wa rks lHkh lnuksa esa] ysfdu fo'ks"k rkSjij laln esa rks dbZ ckjmudh ckr bl rjg ekywe gksrh Fkh fd dksbZ foi{kh ny ds lkalncksy jgs gSaA bruh Li"Vrk ds lkFk viuh ckr dgrs FksA oSls rks osgj lnu esa dbZ&dbZ ckj vkSj lSdM+ksa ckj Hkh cksys gSaA ysfdu] blv/;k; esa rks dsoy ogh va'k ladfyr fd, x, gSa tks Bhd le;ij cM+h rkdr o fgEer vkSj fuMjrk ls lnu ds lEeq[k j[ks x;sFksA iwjk fooj.k vkxs if<+,A


df"k , oa xzkeh.k fodkl

1- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag Lo;a dks xzkeh.k rFkk fdlku ekurs FksvkSj mudk tUe o ikyu iks’k.k Hkh ,d xzkeh.k fdlku ifjokj esagh gqvk FkkA muds gn; esa xzkeh.k mRFkku ds fy, ,d fo”ks’k yydFkhA blfy, xzkeh.k laca/kh fo’k;ksa ij tc Hkh ekSdk feyk] os viuhckr dgs fcuk ugha jgsA o’kZ 1948 ls ysdj 1978 rd bu rhl o"kksZaesa mUgksaus viuk iz;Ru yxkrkj tkjh j[kkA

2- vkjEHk esa mUgsa lafo/kku lHkk ds fy, pqu fy;k x;k FkkAlafo/kku lHkk dks Hkkjr dk lafo/kku fuekZ.k djus ds vykok nwljkdke ml le; ds nkSjku dkuwu cukus dk vf/kdkj fn;k x;k FkkA;wa mldk uke Hkkjrh; fo/kku ifj"kn fy;k tkrk FkkA lafo/kku lHkkdh cSBd esa igyh ckj Hkkx ysrs le; 6 uoEcj] 1948 dks pkS/kjhj.kchj flag us nsgkr ds m)kj ds i{k esa cksyrs gq, dgk Fkk %

^êSa ,d nsgkrh gw¡] fdlku ds ?kj iyk gw¡ vkSj ijofj'k ik;kgw¡A dqnjrh rkSjij mldk laLdkj esjs Åij gSA mldk eksg vkSjmldh lkjh leL;k,a vkt esjs fnekx esa gSaA eSa ;g le>rk gw¡ fdns'k ds vUnj mlds fuekZ.k djus esa ftruk cM+k gd nsgkfr;ksa dkgksuk pkfg,] mruk mudks feyuk pkfg, vkSj gjsd pht esa nsgkrdk izHkqRo gksuk pkfg,A** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 6 uoEcj]

1948] i"B 71½


3- lHkh ukxfjdksa ds fy, os i;kZIr Hkkstu ikuh vkSj diM+s dkcUnkscLr djus ds i{k esa FksA mlds fy, pkS/kjh lkgc us nks rjhdslq>k, Fks] tksfd bl izdkj ls gSa %

d- ^^ftruk tYnh laHko gks lds] ufn;ksa vkSj cka/kksa ds fuekZ.kds nksgu ds }kjk flapkbZ vkSj ty fo|qr ifj;kstukvksa ds fu"iknudk dk;Z o [kk| vkSj pkjk dk mRiknu c<+kus ds lk/ku viukusdhA**

[k- ^îfj;kstuk vkSj i'kqvksa dh uLyksa ds lq/kkj mi;ksxh]i'kqvksa ds o/k ij izfrca/k] fo'ks"k rkSjij nq/kk: i'kq vkSj i'kq elkSnko mPp laj{k.k djus dhA** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 6 uoEcj]

1948] i"B 74½

4- vki vkjEHk ls gh df"k mRiknu dk mfpr ewY; fnykus dsfy, fpafrr FksA vkius 23 uoEcj] 1948 dks lafo/kku ds elkSns ijcgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, df"k iSnkokj dh dherksa esa fxjkoV dh vksj/;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gq, dgk Fkk %

^^fiNys fnuksa dk ftØ gS fd xqM+ vkSj dbZ phtksa dh izkbZlbruh fxjh fd tks izkbZl pkj ;k ik¡p eghus igys Fkh] mldh pkSFkkbZjg xbZA ;g ,d df"k iz/kku ns'k gS vkSj ,sls ns'k esa bl fdLe dhmFky&iqFky ,xzhdYpjy bdksukseh dks Hkh mFky&iqFky fd, cxSjugha jg ldrhA----- esjs dgus ds ek;us gSa fd ,xzhdYpj dh phtksadh bdksukseh izkbZl eqdjZj fd, cxSj ,xzhdYpfj"V dh bdksuksfedykbZQ esa LVsfcyhVh ugha vk ldrhA** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj

flag] 23 uoEcj] 1948] i"B 81&82½


5- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag nsgkfr;ksa dk uqekbUnk Fks vkSj izk;%rRij jgrs Fks fd nsgkr vkSj nsgkfr;ksa dh cgcwnh ds fy, dqN djsaAblfy, 24 uoEcj] 1948 dks lafo/kku ds elkSns ij cgl esa Hkkxysrs le; mUgksaus dgk Fkk %

^^lHkkifr egksn;] ftl baVjsLV dk eSa izfrfuf/kRo djrk gw¡;kuh [ksr ekfyd fdlku] mldk eq>s [ksn gS fd bl lafo/kku dsvUnj dqN u dqN igys ls Hkh ihNs Qsadk x;k gS] mudks vkfFkZdvktknh rHkh fey ldrh Fkh] tc ,slk dk;nk ekuk tkrk fd osphtksa dks og iSnk djrs gSa vkSj mu phtksa dks ftl dher ij mllsiSnk djrs gSa] mlls de dher ij cspus ds fy, etcwj u fd;k tkldrk gksrkA** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 24 uoEcj] 1949] i"B

108½

6- Qjojh] 1948 dks jsy ctV ij gqbZ ppkZ esa Hkkx ysrs gq,pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ,d dV eks'ku j[kk Fkk] ftlesa i'kq pkjk] xqM+vkSj vukt dh tks lIykbZ gS] mlds fy, oSxu ¼ekyxkM+h dkfMCck½ lIykbZ u fd, tkus ij fdlkuksa dks cgqr Hkkjh eqf'dy gksjgh FkhA D;ksafd vius df"k mRiknu dks fdlku ;gka ls ogka ughays tk ldrs Fks] tgka mldk mfpr ewY; feyrk FkkA mlds fy,mUgksaus lnu dks voxr djok;k Fkk fd %

^^dy gh xqM+ ds ckjs esa ,d loky dk tokc nsrs gq, ea=hegksn; us crk;k fd xqM+ tgka iSnk gksrk gS] ogka 7 :i;s eu fcdrkgS vkSj fgUnqLrku ds cgqr fgLlksa esa xqM+ dh dher 40 :i;s ls 50:i;s eu gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd oSxu u feyus dh otg lsxqM+ okyh txg ls nwljs t:jr okyh txgksa ij ugha Hkstk tk


ldrkA bldk urhtk ;g gksrk gS fd tks xqM+ iSnk djus okykfdlku gS] mldks rks bl c<+h gqbZ dher dk fgLlk ugha feyrk gSAysfdu] O;kikjh tksfd blesa dqN Hkh esgur ugha djrk] og lkjkequkQk ys tkrk gS vkSj mldh otg ls CySd ekfdZV c<+rk gSA**¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 24 Qjojh] 1949] i"B 116½

blds QyLo:i xqM+ ds fy, izkFkfedrk ij jsyxkfM+;ka pykbZxbZa vkSj oSxu Hkh eqgS;k djk, x,A

7- ;|fi cgl rks ctV ij gks jgh Fkh] ysfdu nsgkr esaLokLF; lsokvksa dh deh gksus ds dkj.k vkius ekpZ] 1948 esa lnuesa vke ctV ij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, nsgkr ds fy, MkDVjhlgk;rkFkZ /;ku j[kus ds fy, Jherh jktdqekjh verdkSj] rRdkyhuLokLF; ea=h dk /;ku fnyk;k FkkA vkius dgk Fkk %

^êsjk fny pkgrk Fkk fd eSa dqN vkSj dgwaA D;ksafd eSa Hkh ,dnsgkrh gw¡] nsgkr esa iSnk gqvk gw¡ vkSj nsgkr esa iyk vkSj vkt Hkh eSansgkr esa jgrk gw¡A blfy, esjk cM+k fny djrk gS fd vkt eSa dqNvkSj ckrsa vkils fuosnu dj nw¡A nsgkr fgUnqLrku dh jh<+ dh gM~MhgSA fgUnqLrku ds vUnj lkr yk[k nsgkrksa esa yksx iM+s gSaA----eSa ;gfuosnu djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd nsgkr ds vUnj pkgs og dsUnzh; 'kkflr{ks=] lSUVªYyh ,sMfefuLVMZ ,fj;kt gks] pkgs lwcksa ds] vLirky[kqyok, tk,aA** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 10 ekpZ] 1948 i"B

119&120½

8- Lora= Hkkjr esa uoxfBr ljdkj ls xzkeh.k fdlkuksa ds izfrlgkuqHkwfruiw.kZ joS;k viukus dh mEehn j[krs gq, jsyos ctV dhcgl esa ekpZ] 1949 dks Hkkx ysrs gq, df"k mit dk ewY; LVscykbZt


djus dh vksj /;ku fnykrs gq, vius gn; dh Vhl bl izdkj lsc;ku dh Fkh%

^^v/;{k egksn;] eSa ,d nsgkrh gw¡ vkSj fdlku gw¡A eSa tcnsgkr esa tkrk gw¡ rks esjs nsgkrh HkkbZ vkSj fdlku HkkbZ [kkl rkSjijesjs ls iwNrs gSa fd igyh ljdkj ,d lkSrsyh ek¡ dh rjg ls gekjslkFk crkZo djrh jghA D;k ;g ljdkj Hkh gekjs lkFk lkSrsyh ek¡tSlk gh crkZo j[ksxh\ felky ds rkSjij eq>ls ,d loky iwNrs gSafd dherksa dks tc cka/kk tkrk gS rks og 'kgfj;ksa ds Qk;ns ds fy,fd;k tkrk gSA tc dHkh dHkh ,d fdlku dks vius vukt ij ,diSlk Hkh T;knk feyus dh mEehn gksrh gS rks ljdkj ds dk;ns vkSjdkuwu mlds jkLrs esa vk tkrs gSaA mldh izkbZl dUVªksy dj nhtkrh gS vkSj ;g dkuwuh tqeZ djkj ns fn;k tkrk gS fd bllsT;knk dher ij u csp ldsA**

¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 16 ekpZ] 1948] i"B 121½

9- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us blh cgl esa vkxs pydj ;g Hkhdgk Fkk fd fdlku o xzkeh.k dh vkokt dks dksbZ Hkh ugha lqurkFkkA bldk vglkl djkrs gq, mUgksaus viuk nq%[k bl izdkj lsc;ku fd;k %

^^mlds ikl u rks eksVj gS] u mlds ikl v[kckj gSA mldhvkokt izsl esa vk ugha ldrhA** ¼alafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 16

ekpZ] 1948] i"B 122½

10- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ckj&ckj xqM+ dh ?kVrh gqbZ dherksa


dh vksj /;ku fnyk;k vkSj crk;k fd og dbZ ckj dg pqds gSa fdxqM+ dk Hkko 24 :i;s eu ls ?kVdj pkj :i;s gks x;k gSA mUgksauspsrkouh nh Fkh fd ;fn fdlh vkSj pht dk bruk Hkko fxj tkrkrks v[kckj rwQku [kM+k dj nsrsA mUgksaus fnYyh nsgkr dh fLFkfrdh vksj /;ku fnykrs gq, fuosnu fd;k fd ,xzhdYpjy izksMD'kudh dher vPNh j[kh tk,xh rks mlesa ,xzhdYpfjLV dk gh Qk;nkugha gksxk] cfYd reke fgUnqLrku dk Qk;nk gksxkA ,xzhdYpfjLVbdksukseh Hkh Bhd gksxhA

blh cgl ds nkSjku mUgksaus xzks eksj QwM vfHk;ku dh vksj/;ku fnykrs gq, psrk;k Fkk fd bl o"kZ Hkh df"k ds fy, 110 djksM+:i;s ctV esa j[kk gqvk gSA ;fn blesa ls 4 djksM+ :i;s fdlkuksadks u, dq,a cuokus ds fy, ns fn, tk,a vkSj mlesa 400 :i;k xzkUVds rkSjij gks rks bl rjhds ls ,d yk[k dq,a cudj rS;kj gks tk,axsvkSj blds QyLo:i ,d djksM+ chl yk[k Vu vukt iSnk fd;ktk ldrk gSA vc Hkh oDr gSA blds QyLo:i mUgsa df"k ea=ky;ds fy, LFkk;h lfefr dk lnL; fu;qDr fd;k x;k FkkA

11- Qjojh] 1950 esa jk"Vªifr egksn; ds Hkk"k.k ij cgl esafgLlk ysrs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us vukt dh deh vkSj vuktdh iSnkokj c<+kus ds fy, dgk Fkk fd ns'k ds vUnj dqN lkalnvukt dh deh ugha ekurs] ;g ckr lp ugha gSA vxj vukt dhdeh ugha gksrh rks mu fnuksa gj lky 130 djksM+ :i;s dk vuktckgj ls D;ksa eaxk;k tkrk\ vr% ns'k esa vukt dh deh rks gS gh]lkFk gh mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd esjk ekuuk gS fd vFkZ'kkL= ds dk;nsdkuwu df"k iSnkokj ij Hkh ykxw gksrs gSaaA blfy, gesa df"k dhiSnkokj c<+kuh pkfg,A blds fy, gesa d"kdksa dks lqfo/kk nsuhpkfg,A tSls] ;fn dksbZ dk'rdkj ubZ tehu dks rksM+uk pkgs ;k


[ksrh ds vUnj dksbZ lq/kkj djuk pkgs ;k u, df"k ds vkStkj[kjhnuk pkgs rks mldks lk/kkj.k C;kt ij dtkZ izkIr djk,Aljdkj dk ;g le>uk Bhd ugha gS fd fdlku dh iSnkokj dhdher ?kVk, vkSj nwljh vksj :i;k gkfly djus dh lgwfy;r Hkhugha gksA iSnkokj rHkh c<+ ldrh gS tcfd fdlku dks Qk;ukalgkfly djus dh lgqfy;r nh tk;s vkSj mldh iSnkokj dk vf/kdewY; mls feysA

jk"Vªifr egksn; us vius vfHkHkk"k.k esa ,xzhdYpjy yscj dhvksj /;ku fnyk;k gS] ftlesa fdlku Hkh 'kkfey gSaaA esjk iz'u gS fdD;k mudha gkyr rlYyh c['k gS\ mÙkj] ugha gSA rks D;k vkiblds izfr ltx gSa\ nsgkr esa u dksbZ Ldwy gS] u dksbZ vLirky gSvkSj muds fy, u lM+dsa gSa] tcfd 'kgjksa esa eksVjlkbZfdy]lkbZfdy vkSj iSny pyus okyksa dh vyx&vyx lM+dsa gSaA ysfdu]eSa [kqys rkSjij dgs cxSj ugha jg ldrk fd bl deh dks iwjk djukpkfg,A ftlls xzkeh.k [kq'kgky gksaxs rks] Hkkjr [kq'kgky gksxkA

12- 14 ekpZ] 1950 dks iz'udky ds le; esa pkS/kjh lkgc usiwNk Fkk fd xqM+ dks nwljs izkUrksa esa Hkstus ij tks izfrca/k yxk;k x;kFkk] D;k mlls ewY;ksa esa of) gqbZ Fkh\ [kkl rkSjij jktLFkku esa\df"k ea=h t;jke nkSyr jke us mÙkj fn;k Fkk fd xqM+ dk ewY; c<+kFkkA cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius iwNk Fkk fd fnYyh esa xsgw¡ lLrkD;ksa gS\ mÙkj feyk Fkk fd xsgw¡ dk vk;kr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj blij lClhMh nh tkrh gSA blls Li"V gS fd iM+kSlh jkT; mu fnuksaiatkc ds fdlkuksa dks fnYyh ys tkdj xsgwa cspus ij izfrcU/k FkkA

cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius lq>ko fn;k Fkk fd ;fn ge nwljs


ns'kksa ls vukt bR;kfn eaxokdj mlij lClhMh nsrs gSa rks mUgsapkfg, fd df"k mRiknu ds fy, ehfuee izkbZl fQDl dj nsaApkS/kjh lkgc us ;-w,u-vks- ds lsØsVjh ls ckrphr ds gokys ls crk;kFkk fd vesfjdk esa df"k mRiknu dh c<+kSrjh rHkh laHko gks ldh gS]tcls ogka ljdkj }kjk eqdjZj ewY; ls de gqvk rks ljdkj blHkko ls fdlku dh iSnkokj dks [kjhnsxhA

mUgksaus xUus dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, crk;k Fkk fd %

^^tc nks lky igys xqM+ dk Hkko fxjk rks yksxksa us xUus dhiSnkokj cgqr de dj nh vkSj vc tc phuh dk iSlk mUgsa vPNkfeyk vkSj xUus dh Hkh dher de ugha dh xbZ rks dkQh T;knkla[;k esa bl lky fdlku xUuk cks jgs gSaA** ¼Lojkt dh fdj.ksa] 27

ekpZ] 1950] i"B 51½

13- D;ksafd df"k ij fjlpZ ds ifj.kke o lwpuk xzkeh.k bykdksard ugha igqaprh Fkh] blfy, mUgksaus fpark O;Dr dh] fd tks fjlpZdh tkrh gS] mldk Kku fdlkuksa ds [ksr rd ugha igqaprkA blfo"k; esa mUgksaus lq>ko fn;k fd %

^êSa blds fy, T;knk ugha dguk pkgrkA ,d lq>ko viukj[kuk pkgrk gw¡ fd Hkkjrh; df"k vuqla/kku ls tks urhtk gkflyfd;k tkrk gS] og fdlkuksa rd igqapkus ds fy, dke gksA eSa t:jhle>rk gw¡ fd blds lkFk dksbZ xSj ljdkjh fudk; tksM+h tk, vkSjog tks ¼'kks/k dk½ urhtk gkfly fd;k tkrk gS] mldks lgh rkSjijns'k ds dksus&dksus esa igqapkdj bldk izpkj fd;k tk,A** ckn esa;g blh dk ifj.kke gS fd izR;sd ftys esa df"k Kku dsUnzksa dh


LFkkiuk dh xbZA ¼Lojkt dh fdj.ksa] 27 ekpZ] 1950] i"B 53½

14- df"k mRiknu ds ewY; ds fo"k; esa vkidk dguk Fkk fd;w-ih- esa [kk.Mlkjh ¼1950 esa½ 40 :i;s izfr eu fcd jgh gS vkSjcEcbZ esa 90 :i;s izfr eu vkSj dydÙkk esa 70 :i;s izfr euA xqM+dks gh yhft,A xqM+ 18 :i;s ls 22 :i;s izfr eu fcd jgk gSAlfnZ;ksa esa vkSj vc ¼viSzy esa½ 40 :i;s izfr eu ds fglkc ls fcdjgk gSA tc ge ekfdZV dks dUVªksy ugha dj ldrs rks fdlku dksxqM+ dk Hk.Mkj.k djus ls dSls jksd ldrs gSa\ tc rd iwjs o"kZewY;ksa dks fu/kkZfjr ugha dj ldrs rks lkjh izksM~;wl dks ekfdZV esaugha yk ldrsA

df"k ea=h ls ,d iz'u esa pkS/kjh lkgc us iwNk Fkk fd D;kljdkj dks irk gS fd pus ds Hkko esa QdZ gS\ jksgrd 'kgj vkSjxk¡o esa fHkUu&fHkUu gS\ mÙkj feyk Fkk fd ge bl ij fopkj djjgs gSaA

ml le; pus dks vius ikl 25 eu ls T;knk j[kus ijfdlku dk pkyku dj fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj 7 o"kZ dh ltk dkdkuwu esa izko/kku FkkA rc vdsys jksgrd esa 18 gtkj ls vf/kdfdlkuksa ij bl tqeZ esa eqdnes pyk, x, FksA bl ij pkS/kjh lkgcus laln esa loky mBk;k Fkk fd puk mRiUu djus okyk fdlku Hkh25 eu ls vf/kd ugha j[k ldrkA mldh t:jr mlds ifjokjrFkk HkSal o cSykas ds fy, de ls de 70 eu dh gSA fQj og 25eu dh lhek D;ksa gS\ ;g ljklj ukbalkQh gSA ;fn diM+k T;knkj[kus okys dk pkyku gksrk gS rks mls rhu o"kZ dh ltk feyrh gSvkSj ;fn fdlku T;knk vukt j[k ys vkSj pkykuk gks tk;s rks mlslkr lky dh ltk gksrh gSA mUgksaus xjtrs gq, dgk Fkk fd ;g


ljklj fdlku ds lkFk vU;k; gSA

15- pkS/kjh lkfgc us dgk fd gekjs ns'k esa df"k fo'ks"kKksa dhdeh gSA tks Hkh vius vkidks Ñf"k fo'ks"kK dgrs gSa os dkj[kkuksa dsfo'ks"kK rks gSa] ijUrq df"k fo'ks"kK ugha gSaA bl ns'k esa fdlkuksa dksdtkZ ugha feyrk] bldk dkj.k gS fd flD;wjhVh ugha gSA dkj[kkusnkjksadks dtkZ fey tkrk gS] ysfdu os yksx fnokfy;k cudj dtkZ[kqnZcqnZ dj nsrs gSaA vkius dHkh fdlh fdlku dks fnokfy;k cursns[kk gS\ *^êq>s ;g dgus esa 'keZ ugha vkrh gS fd bl ns'k esa ftudsgkFk esa rkdr gS] mudk dk'rdkjksa ds lkFk dksbZ okLrk ugha gSA**¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 21 uoEcj] 1950] i"B 392½

16- pkS/kjh lkfgc us crk;k fd vkidks ekywe gS fd rdkohfdl izdkj ls olwy dh tkrh gSA mUgksaus :jy Qk;usal dht:jr ij cy fn;kA D;ksafd nwljs Qk;ukal dks bruh t:jr ughagSA xzks eksj QwM ds fo"k; esa pkS/kjh lkgc dk dguk Fkk fd %

^^vc eSa ,d vkSj ckr vkils dguk pkgrk gw¡A eSa ;g ckr xzkseksj QwM esa Hkh dguk pkgrk Fkk ysfdu] esjh cnfdLerh gS fd eq>sle; ugha feykA xzks eksj QwM esa tks rjDdh ugha gks jgh gS] mlesa,xzhdYpj Qk;ukal dk u feyuk] lcls cM+k dkj.k gSA blesa tcrd Qk;ukal ugha feysaxs] rc rd dke;kch ugha feysxhA** ¼vUrfje

laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 21 uoEcj] 1950] i"B 397½

17- blh cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd %


^êSa gkml dk T;knk oDr u ysrs gq, vkSj D;ksafd gekjsyk;d nksLr Jh lR;ukjk;.k flag esjh rjQ dM+h utj ls ns[k jgsgSaA var esa uez fuosnu djrk gw¡ fd vki Hkh ikiyqjhVh ¼yksdyqHkkou½ds lk/ku bLrseky djus pys gSaaA mUgsa NksM+ nsa vkSj lgh ek;uksa esans'k dh mUufr djsa vkSj dk'rdkj dks Å¡pk mBk,aA mldh ekQZrns'k dks [kq'kgky cuk,aA** ¼avUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 21 uoEcj]

1950] i"B 400½

18- 18 fnlEcj] 1950 dks pkS/kjh lkgc us [kk| oLrqvksa dsfo"k; esa dgk Fkk fd %

^^vkt voLFkk ;g gS fd ge vius ns'k dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr rcrd ugha lq/kkj ldrs] tc rd vius [ksrksa dh iSnkokj dks u c<+k,aA[ksr dh iSnkokj vki rc rd ugha c<+k ldrs] tcrd vkidh lkjhbdksukeh daVªksy gks ;k u gks rks vki fjdUVªksy dhft,] ftllsdhersa vius vki eqdjZj gksrh jgsaxh vkSj vxj vki daVªksy ght:jh le>rs gSa rks ;g u lksfp, fd QwM dk daVªksy djuk rksBhd gS vkSj mlls vkxs tkus ds fy, vkifÙktud ckr gksxhA eSa;g le>rk gw¡ fd ;g nf"Vdks.k lgh ugha gSA** ¼vUrfje laln

¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 18 fnlEcj] 1950] i"B 1895½

vki daVªksy vkSj fMdaVªksy dk [ksy er [ksfy,A ---dHkh daVªksydHkh ugha---lksp le>dj ,d ikWfylh cuk;saA ihNs xqM+ ij daVªksyfd;k Fkk] dksbZ ykHk ugha gqvkA bl rjg ls vki nsgkr vkSj 'kgjesa fMLØhfeus'ku er dhft,A

19- ;g HkkX; dh foMacuk gS fd tc vukt [ksr ls mitdj


?kj esa vkrk gS rks mldh dher cgqr de nh tkrh gS& 10 vkSj 11:i;s eu gksrh gSA vkius dgk %

^^ysfdu ogh vukt] ogh eDdh tks ;w-ih- ds vkSj iatkc dsfdlkuksa ls 10 :i;s eu yh xbZ] ogh cktkj esa 22 :i;s eu ns nhtkrh gS rks vki vUnktk yxk ldrs gSa fd ;g pht gekjs lektvkSj ns'k ds fy, fdruh [krjukd gS\** ¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa

Hkk"k.k] 7 viSzy] 1951] i"B 2968½

bl ij rqjkZ ;g gksrk gS fd vukt vc Hkh fdlku ds ?kj esanck iM+k gS vkSj os yksx fdlku ij dkuwu dh ryokj pyokus dhdksf'k'k djrs gSaA ;g 'kgj okyksa dh eu%fLFkfr dk izek.k gSA

HksnHkko ij

vUrfje laln esa foÙk fo/ks;d ij 11 vizSy] 1951 dks cglesa Hkkx ysrs gq, pkS/kjh lkfgc us dgk %

NksVs&NksVs dk'rdkj gSa] ftuds Åij fd Hkw&jktLovf/kfu;e] ykxw gksrk gS vkSj tks mlds f'kdkj gSaA os lqizhe dksVZrd tk ugha ldrsA os ml dkuwu dks foHksndkjh djkj ugha fnyokldrsA blhfy;s] eSa mudk /;ku fo'ks"kr;k bl ckr dh rjQfnykuk pkgrk gw¡A vki tkurs gSa fd vk;dj dkuwu ds rgrftldh vkenuh ikap gtkj ls de gS] mlds Åij dksbZ dj ughayxrkA ysfdu] ,d dk'rdkj] pkgs og ?kkVs esa gh jgrk gks] ysfdu]vxj og ,d ch?kk Hkh dk'r djrk gS rks mldks Hkwfedj vnk djukiM+rk gSA rks eSa muls iwNrk gw¡ fd D;k ;g foHksndkjh ugha gS\

fQj] 14 vizSy 1951 dks blh cgl dks vkxs c<+krs gq,vkius dgk fd%


^^dk'rdkj dks etcwj fd;k tkrk gS fd og xqM+ fu;fU=rHkko ls cspsA ;gh xqM+ okyh gkyr jcM+ dh gSA ;gh gkyr dikldh Hkh gSA ns'k esa dk'rdkj ls mEehn dh tkrh gS fd og ns'k esadikl dh deh dks iwjk djsA ysfdu] fgUnqLrku esa iSnk gqbZ dikllcls lLrh fcdokbZ tkrh gSA

blh izdkj vc ns'k esa tks cM+h cM+h ugjsa cukbZ tk jgh gSa]mlds lEcU/k esa gekjs ea=h egksn; R;kxh th tc igys lnu esab/kj cSBrs Fks rks mUgksaus ,d loky mBk;k Fkk vkSj mlds Åijvk/ks ?kaVs dh cgl Hkh pykbZ FkhA eq>s le> ugha vk;k fd ea=h ingkfly gksus ds ckn ml rjQ muds fopkj dqN cny x;s ;k ughaAesjs dgus dk eryc Hkwfe fodkl midj ls gSA esjh le> esa ughavkrk fd og ¼vaxzst½ ljdkj ,d rkuk'kkg ljdkj Fkh] tks yksxksads izfr ftEesokj ugha Fkh] og Hkh ,slk dj yxkus dh fgEer ugha djldhA ysfdu] vkt gekjs ekuuh; usrk bl fdLe dh ckr D;ksalksprs gSa] eq>s bl lEcU/k esa flok; vQlksl tkfgj djuss ds vkSjdqN ugha dguk gSA**¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 14 viSzy] 1951]½

mUgksaus eeZ dh ckr dgrs gq, 17 vizSSy dks blh lnu esadgk fd %

^^dk'rdkj dh dkSu lqurk gS\ fQj Hkh blds lkFk&lkFkog bl ckr ij Hkh xkSj djsa fd tks fnu jkr esgur djrs gSa vkSjeqf'dy ls tjk lh] FkksM+h cgqr] [ksr ds etnwj dh lgk;rk ysrs gSa]D;ksafd tc dkVus dk oDr gksrk gS rks og dkV ugha ldrs] rksftlus cks;k vkSj ftlus fnu jkr esgur dh vkSj j[kokyh dh]mldks Hkh iwjh etnwjh feyrh gS ;k ugha\**

20- vUrfje laln esa 13 vxLr] 1951cgl esa fgLlk ysrs gq,


pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us dgk fd

^^ljdkj dk fu;kZr 'kqYd c<+kus dk dsl dksbZ cgqr etcwrdsl ugha gS] tSlk fd esjs yk;d nksLr ljors th us crk;k gSA-------tSlk fd ekuuh; ea=h egksn; us tokc fn;k] fd mUgsa rks;gh irk ugha fd fons'kksa ds vUnj frygu dk D;k Hkko gS\ tksdsl twV dk Fkk] og dsl frygu dk ugha gSA nwljk loky ;ggS fd vxj fons'kksa ds Hkkoksa ds ckjs esa dksbZ irk ugha gS rks fQj'kqYd c<+kuk nq:Lr gks ldrk gS ;k ugha\ esjs yk;d nksLr fl/kok lkgc us ;g Qjek;k fd vxj miHkksDrkvksa ds fy;s ;km|ksx ds fy;s ;g t:jr gks fd 'kqYd c<+k fn;k tk; rksc<+k;k tkuk dksbZ [kjkc ugha gSA ;g ckr fdlh gn rd lghgks ldrh gSA ysfdu] eSa muls ;g dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd m|ksxvkSj miHkksDrk dk gh n`f"Vdks.k lkjs ns'k dk n`f"Vdks.k ugha gksldrkA ns'k ds vUnj rhljs <+ax ds Hkh vkneh gSa] tks fryguiSnk djrs gSa] esgur vkSj etnwjh djrs gSa] [kwu vkSj ilhuk ,ddjrs gSa] mudk Hkh dksbZ n`f"Vdks.k gksrk gSA mudk Hkh n`f"Vdks.kgS vkSj og bl ns'k ds vUnj cgqr rkdroj n`f"Vdks.k le>ktkuk pkfg;sA esjs yk;d nksLr fl/kok lkgc us dgk fd bllsdk'rdkjksa dks dkSu lk uqdlku gks ldrk gS] ;g esjh le> esaugha vk;kA esjs nksLr ;gka ij ugha gSaA eSa muls dguk pkgrkgw¡ fd ftl rjg ls ljdkj us bl dsl dks is'k fd;k gS]blds flok vkSj dksbZ vFkZ ugha yxk;k tk ldrk fd ljdkjdk'rdkjksa ij ,d Vs<+k VSDl yxkuk pkgrh g SA ------ ckgj dsHkkoksa dk vkidks irk ugha gSA ,slh gkyr esa ftruk Hkh vkiQkyrw dj c<+k;saxs] mruk gh O;kikjh dk'rdkj dh iSnkokj dk

Hkko de dj nsxkA


esjh le> esa dqN ,slk vkrk gS fd ljdkj ds fcy esa

dkj[kkusnkjksa ds fy;s ,d nfj;kfnyh gSA dkj[kkusnkjksa ds ikl

v[kckj gS] ftuls og viuk dsl vPNs <+ax ls ljdkj ds lkeus is'k

dj ldrs gSa vkSj ljdkj ij ncko Mky ldrs gSaA vki xUus dks

yhft;sA ,d rjQ xqM+ gS ftldks yk[kksa vkSj djksM+ksa dk'rdkj iSnk

djrs gSa vkSj tks yk[kksa vkSj djksM+ksa vknfe;ksa dks cxSj jk'ku ds ckaVk

tkrk FkkA nwljh rjQ phuh gS] ftls cM+s cM+s dkj[kkus iSnk djrs gSaA

,d rjQ xqM+ dks rks fu;fU=r dj fn;k x;k gS] ij phuh dks

vkaf'kd fu;fU=r dj fn;k x;k gSA

21- df"k ij dtkZ nsus dh cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, ¼fjtoZ cSadvkWQ bf.M;k veSUMeSaV fcy½ mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd %

^ôg blfy, cryk;k gS fd [ksrh ds dke ds fy, rhu fdLedk Qk;uka'k pkfg,A ,d FkksM+s vlsZ ds fy,] ,d chp ds vlsZ dsfy, vkSj ,d T;knk vlsZ ds fy,A** ¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k]

23 Qjojh] 1951] i"B 3446½

fjtoZ cSad dk gokyk nsrs gq, vkius crk;k fd dqa, ds yksudks okfil djus ds fy, 15 eghus FkksM+k le; gS] ftls NksVkdk'rdkj vnk ugha dj ldrkA D;ksafd dqavk jkrksajkr cudj rS;kjugha gksrkA blds fy, le; dh fe;kn c<+kbZ tk,A

22- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us tujy ctV dh cgl esa Hkkx ysrsgq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^gekjs ;gka dikl cksus okys gSaA 'kkVZLVsiy ¼NksVs js'ks dhdikl½ iSnk djrs gSaA mudh dikl rks 600 :i;s Qh dSaMh ds


fglkc ls [kjhnok nsrs gSaA ogh dikl xzkeh.k ds ikl ls vkus dsckn 1960 :i;s Qh dSaMh ds fglkc ls fcdrh gSaA blij ljdkj800 :i;s Qh dSaMh dk VSDl Hkh ysrh gSA blds ckn Hkh O;kikjhftUgksaus u ikuh nsus dh rdyhQ mBkbZ] u dHkh tehu dks tksrkvkSj xksM+k] og Hkh 560 :i;s dk equkQ mlesa ls caVksjrk gSA bldsvykok vkSj yhft,A yksax LVsiy ¼yEcs js'ks½ ;k ehfM;e LVsiy¼e/;e js'ks½ dh dikl 850 :i;s dSaMh ds fglkc ls [kjhnok nhtkrh gSA og ikfdLrku ds vUnj 1700 ls 1800 :i;s Qh dSaMhfcdrh gSA** ¼avUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 2 viSzy] 1951] i"B 5740½

nwljh vksj /kksrh ds tksM+s dh dher 21 :i;s crkbZ xbZ gS]ysfdu dikl iSnk djus okyk nsgkr esa cSBk gSA ogh /kksrh dk tksM+k30&35 :i;s esa feyrk gSA ;g 'kk;n vki yksxksa dks ugha ekyweAD;skafd bl ij daVªksy dj fn;k tkrk gSA

23- tujy ctV dh cgl esa viSzy] 1951 dks pkS/kjh j.kchjflag us dgk Fkk fd ekuuh; lnL; vukt mxkus ds fo"k; esa ftjgrks djrs gSaA ysfdu] mudks ;g Hkh irk ugha fd xsgw¡ dk isM+ fdrukcM+k gksrk gS vkSj pus dk isM+ fdruk cM+k gksrk gSA xzkeh.k lektdk i{k ysrs gq, dgk Fkk fd ftjg dk le; mudks fn;k tkukpkfg,] ftuds iwoZt [ksrh djrs vk, gSa] ogh T;knk vPNk lq>ko nsldrs gSaA mUgksaus dgk %

^^vc eSa vkils bruk gh dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd eSa mu lnL;ksaesa ls ugha gw¡] tks ;g ekurs gSa fd ns'k ds vUnj vukt dh deh ughagS vkSj eSa mu lnL;ksa esa ls Hkh ugh gw¡] tks ;g le>rs gSa fd daVªksydjus ls ;k MhdUVªksy djus ls vukt dk elyk gy gks ldrk gSA


eSa le>rk gw¡ fd vukt dk elyk T;knk mitkus ls gh gygksxkA** ¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 7 viSzy] 1951] i"B 6274½

dqN ekuuh; lnL; ;g Hkh lksprs gSa fd Iykfuax ls ghvukt dk elyk gy gks tk,xkA mUgsa rks bruk rd Hkh irk ughafd xsgw¡ fd Qly idus rd fdruh ckj tehu esa ikuh yxkus iM+rsgSaA gekjs iz/kkuea=h vkSj vU; ea=h Hkh ;g le>rs gSa fd ;q) Lrjij [ksrh djk,axs vkSj vukt dh iSnkokj c<+k,axs vkSj nwljh vksj iSlsdk cUnkscLr Hkh ugha djrsA dsoy 25 djksM+ :i;s nsdj fdl eqagls ;g dgrs gSa fd ge ;q) Lrj ij vukt dh iSnkokj c<+k,axs vkSjrjDdh djsaxs\ ge ;g ugha le> ik, fd [ksrh ckfj'k ds cxSjdSls gks ldrh gS\ [ksrh ds fofHkUu vuktksa dks cksus ds ckn ,dfuf'pr le; ds ckn gh fHkUu&fHkUu idus dk le; gSA tks ?kVk;k;k c<+k;k ugha tk ldrkA ysfdu] iSlk rks fn;k tk ldrk gSA

mUgksaus crk;k fd %

^ôkj csfll ds fy, eSa le>rk gw¡ fd mUgsa 300 djksM+ :i;sblds fy, eatwj djokus pkfg,a FksA eSa mu nksLrksa] tks ;g le>rsgSa fd [ksrh dh rjDdh ds Qk;ns ds fy, tks :i;k fn;k x;k gS]og tk;k pyk x;kA eSa crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd og xyrh ij gSaa**A¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 7 viSzy] 1951] i"B 6275½

24- pkS/kjh lkfgc us fiNys o"kZ ds vkadM+ksa dk gokyk nsrs gq,crk;k Fkk fd 23 djksM+ ls 10 yk[k dqa, vkSj ,d dqa, ds fy, 20eu Qkyrw vukt iSnk gqvk rks gesa fo'okl gksuk pkfg, fd ;g 60


yk[k dqa, bl ns'k ds vUnj cuk nsa rks vukt dh deh ds vkadM+s'kwU; gks ldrs gSaA muds [;ky ls vf/kd :i;k dq,a cukus ds fy,fn;k tkuk pkfg,] ftlls vukt dh vf/kd iSnkokj gks ldsA esjsdqN HkkbZ dgrs ugha Fkdrs fd dikl ikfdLrku] feJ vkSj vesfjdkls ys ysaA dSls ys ysa] tcfd ;gka ?kj ij dikl ds Hkko 600 :i;seu gSa vkSj vesfjdk esa 1960 :i;s eu fcdrh gS\

fu;kZr ij ,DliksVZ M~;wVh c<+kus ckjs cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq,dikl dh dher ds fo"k; esa vkius dgk Fkk %

^^,d rjQ rks og vkneh gS] tks [ksr esa eqf'dy ls dikl iSnkdjds iSlk pkgrk gS] nwljh rjQ dkWVu osLV ij 50 izfr'kr,DliksVZ M~;Vh nsdj Hkh ykHk esa jgrk gSA ysfdu] blds ckotwnD;k og bl ckr ls bUdkj dj ldrs gSa fd ftruh dher dikliSnk djus okys dks ljdkj nsrh gS] mruh dher rks de ls de gjlwjr esa O;kikjh dksVu osLV ckgj Hkstdj gkfly dj ysrk gS\ D;ktks dikl iSnk djus okyk gS] mldh dikl dh dher dkWVu osLVds cjkcj yxkbZ tk;s\ D;k ;gh vkidh ljdkj ls U;k; dhroDdks dh tk ldrh gS\** ¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 7 twu]

1951] i"B 10427½

nwljh vksj pkS/kjh lkgc us dgk fd /kksrh dh dher nsgkr esaCySd esa 22 :i;s FkhA tc gkml dk lS'ku 'kq: gqvk] og vc 22ls c<+dj 32 gks xbZ gSA ;ksa rks dUVªksy jsV ls /kksrh dh dher 12:i;s gS] ysfdu feyrh dgka gS\

25- ikap ekpZ] 1952 esa foÙk fo/ks;d ij ppkZ djrs gq,,xzhdYpj bdksukeh dk ftØ fd;k Fkk fd eU=h egksn; us dycrk;k fd 1931 ls ysdj lu~ 1939 ds ckn ls fQj dqN le;


cnyk vkSj Ñf"k vFkZO;oLFkk ds vUnj ,d rcnhyh vkbZ] ftlesafdlku dks dqN jkgr feyhA ysfdu] bl lky ls nwljs gkykr 'kq#gq,A ;gka ij gekjs dbZ HkkbZ] ,d ckr ckj&ckj dgrs gSa fd vuktbruk egaxk gks x;k gS] mlls bUMSDl ds brus IokbaV c<+ x, gSaAbl lUnHkZ esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us dgk Fkk fd %

^^ysfdu eSa mUgsa crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd os ,d lky dk gh oDrysaA vkius fiNys lky xqqM+ dk Hkko 21 :i;s eu j[kk Fkk] dUVªksyesaA ysfdu] vkt xqM+ ds Hkko dh D;k gkyr gS\ og vkt 6 ;k 7:i;s izfr eu fcd jgk gSA dqN vUnktk yxk ,d rjQ rks IokbaVksadh fxurh djrs jgrs gSa vkSj ns'k ds vUnj ØkfUr dh ckr djrs gSavkSj nwljh rjQ vki xqM okyksa dks nsf[k,A vkf[kj og Hkh rksvkids gh ns'koklh gSaA muls Hkh ns'k ds Åij vlj iM+rk gSAmudh fcØh dh nj ,dne 21 ls 6 #i;k ij vk tk,] ;g dksbZckr gS\----eSa vkils iwNrk gwa fd D;k ;gh vkidh fu/kkZfjr vFkZO;oLFkkgS\* ----tc dqN eagxk Fkk rc vkius iwjh rkdr yxkbZ] fiNys lkydksYgqvksa ij ykblsUl vkius yxk;k vkSj vkius xqM+ dks lLrk djusds fy;s rjg rjg dh rjdhcsa bLrseky dhaA eSa [kk| ea=h lkgc lsfuosnu d:axk fd vkius D;k vf/kdkj fn;s gSa ftlls xqM+ dk Hkkodgha rks tkdj fVds\ vxj vki blds fy;s dqN ugha djrs gSarks D;k eSa iwN ldrk gw¡ fd vki [kk| ea=h gSa ;k m|ksxea=h gSa\---vkt ns'k ds vUnj D;k gkykr gSa\ tks lcls vPNh yEcsjs'ks okyh dikl gS] og gkalh bykds esa vkSj djuky o esjs ftys esacksbZ tkrh gSA vkt mls dksbZ Hkh fdlh Hkko ij cksus ds fy, rS;kjugha gSA oSlh gh dikl vki vejhdk ls] ftldk Hkko rdjhcu rhulkS :i;k iM+rk gS] ;k blls Hkh T;knk ysrs gSaA ysfdu vki viusns'k dh dikl ipkl :i;k eu Hkh ysus dks rS;kj ugha gSA D;k eSa


vkils iwN ldrk gw¡ fd ;g dSlh fu/kkZfjr vFkZO;oLFkk gS\** ¼vUrfje

laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 5 ekpZ] 1952] i"B 2026&27½

mlh fnu mUgksaus dgk fd %

dbZ nksLr le>rs gSa fd vkS|ksfxd {ks= ds vUnj [kk| NwVt:j nh tk;s] vxj ugha nh tkrh gS rks bUMsDl uEcj Åapk gkstk;sxkA ysfdu] tc nsgkr ds etnwjksa dh ckr vkrh gS rks bl ckrdks Hkwy tkrs gSaA dgrs gSa mudks rks dk'r esa lk>k feyrk gSA dSlklk>k\ vxj] ,d balku dks ikap eu ;k pkj eu vukt feyrk gSrks mlds vUnj mldk thou fuokZg ugha gks ldrk gSA dgk tkrkgS nsgkr ds vknfe;ksa dh vkenuh esa cgqr QdZ iM+ x;k gSA eSavkidks crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vkt dy lcls de vkfFkZd Lrj ;kde ls de vkenuh fdlh oxZ dh gS rks og [ksrhgj etnwj dh gSvkSj vxj vki pkgrs gSa fd [kk| fj;k;r nh tkrh rks vxj bldsfy, ewY; esa lcls igys fdlh dk gd gS rks og [ksrhgj etnwj dkgSA vxj mudks vki feVkuk pkgrs gSa rks feVkb;sA tgka vkSj oxZdks rdyhQ gksxh] ogka mudks Hkh rdyhQ gksxhA dbZ Hkkb;ksa dksMj gS v'kkafr dkA eSa mudks crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vxj vki ,f'k;kds bfrgkl dks i<+sa] rks vkidks ekywe gksxk fd fdlh dk vujsLV¼cspSuh½ ;gka rhoz gqvk gS rks og nsgkr dk gSA vki crykbZ;s fdvkids lkeus enzkl] ;k cEcbZ ;k dydÙkk dk loky gS ;k rsyaxkukdk loky gSA vkt tks gekjs iz'kald gSa] mudks rsyaxkuk dh ckrsans[kdj uhan ugha vkrh gSaA eSa iwNuk pkgrk gw¡ fd D;k og vkS|ksfxdetnwj gSa\ fgUnqLrku ds fy;s vxj dksbZ ØkfUr vkus okyh gS rks ognsgkr ls vkus okyh gSA

vxj] vktknh vkbZ gS rks og fgUnqLrku ds nsgkr dsflikfg;ksa dh yM+kbZ dh otg ls gS tksfd rdjhjsa nsuk ugha tkursFks vkSj v[kckjksa esa [kcjsa ugha Hkst ldrs FksA mUgha yksxksa dh otgls nwljh ØkfUr vkus okyh gSaA


ml fnu foÙk fo/ks;d ij cgl esa pkS/kjh lkfgc us Hkfo";n"Vk dh Hkkafr viuh ckr j[kh vkSj crk;k fd %

^^bl ns'k esa nsgkr dk fgLlk lcls vf/kd gSA vthc ckrgS fd ,d df"k iz/kku ns'k gks vkSj mldh uhfr rc curh gS rks nsgkrdh u fxurh gksrh gS] u lquokbZ gksrh gS] u dksbZ iwN gksrh gS] u rkNgksrh gSaA eSa vkils dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd vki tjk djk/kku vk;djolwy djrs gSaaA gekjs ckcw Bkdqj nkl la;qDr ifjokj dk cM+k xhrxkrs jgrs gSaA og dgrs gSa fd la;qDr ifjokj esa pkj] ikap gtkj ;kNg gtkj rd ekQ dj fn;k tk;A nwljh rjQ] nsgkr esa djk/kkudk D;k gky gS\ vxj ,d vkneh ,d ch?kk Hkh cksrk gS vkSj pkgsmldks ?kkVk gh D;ksa u gks mldks dj nsuk gksxkA eSa iwNuk pkgrkgw¡ fd og vaxzst okyh dgkuh vkt Hkh D;k dksbZ dgus dh fgEerdj ldrk gS fd tehu ljdkj dh eyfd;r gS vkSj nwljh phtsaljdkj dh eyfd;r ugha gSA yxku Hkh ,d dj gSA vk;dj Hkh,d dj gSA rks ns'k esa ,d ds fy;s dj dk ,d fl)kUr gS vkSj nwljsds fy, nwljk fl)kUr gSA**

Jh ';keuanu lgk; % mudks D;k nsuk iM+rk gS\

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag % bZ[k ds fy;s ,d ,dM+ ij 15 :i;k iM+rkgS vkSj nwljs ds fy, <+kbZ :i;k nsuk iM+rk gSA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag % eSa ,d vkSj ckr dguk pkgrk gw¡A ;gvthc ckr gS fd fnYyh cu jgh gS vkSj p.Mhx<+ cu jgk gSA ogkalM+das cu jgh gSaA ogka yksxksa ds fy;s rjg rjg ds vkjke dsbartke fd;s tk jgs gSaA blds fy;s ogka okyksa ls D;k fy;k tkrkgS\ eSa iwNuk pkgrk gw¡ fd fnYyh ds Åij fdruk [kpZ gqvk gS vkSjblesa ls fnYyh okyksa dk fdruk fgLlk gS\ ysfdu] nsgkr ds fy;s


;g ckr gS fd vxj dgha ugj fudyrh gS rks mldk lkjk [kpZnsgkr okyksa ls fy;k tkrk gSA mlds ckn Hkh mlds fy;s mudks djnsuk iM+rk gSA vki crkb;s fd ;g vkids foÙk dh dkSu lhfu"i{krk gS\ D;k vkids foÙk dk ;gh U;k; gS fd tks dkuwu cuk;ktkrk gS og nsgkr ds fy;s ,d rjg dk gksrk gS vkSj 'kgj okyksa dsfy;s nwljh rjg dk gksrk gS\

e/;e Js.kh ds vknfe;ksa dh rdyhQksa dk cM+k ftØ fd;ktkrk gSA D;k ;g lp ugha gS fd fgUnqLrku ds vUnj tc rdvaxszt jgs vkSj muds ckn lu~ 1939 rd fgUnqLrku ds e/;e Js.khokyksa us u dsoy vius gd dk gh [kk;k gS] cfYd nwljksa ds gd dkHkh [kk;k gS\ vc vxj nl lkyksa ls mudks viuk gh gd fey jgkgS rks blesa dkSu lk vU;k; gS\ vkt Hkh vxj ge fgUnqLrku dhlkslkbVh dk eqdkcyk djsa rks vkidks ekuuk gksxk fd e/;e Js.khokys nwljksa ds eqdkcys esa vkt Hkh thr esa gSaA vki e/;e Js.kh okyksads fy;s bruk uje joS;k j[ksa vkSj nwljksa ds fy;s u j[ksa] ;g dgkard Bhd gS vkSj dgka rd ;g ckr pyus okyh gS] [kkl rkSj ij ,slsns'k esa tgka fd ckfyx erkf/kdkj gksa vkSj tgka ckfyx erkf/kdkjij jkT; curk vkSj fcxM+rk gks\

blfy;s vxj vki pkgrs gSa fd fgUnqLrku esa fLFkj ljdkjgks vkSj ;kstukc) <+ax ij rjDdh gks rks mlds fy;s vkidks lkspukgksxk] le>uk gksxk vkSj viuh foÙkh; uhfr;ksa dks cnyuk gksxkA

¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 5 ekpZ] 1952] i"B 2026&28½

26- NksVs fdlkuksa dh rjQnkjh djrs le; iSIlw jkT; dslaca/k esa cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, pkS/kjh lkfgc us VSªDVjksa ds dtsZ dsfo"k; esa eqtkjksa ds izfr fpark O;Dr djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^dtZ ds ckjs esa eq>s dguk gS fd blesa fy[kk gqvk gS fd 91VSªDVjksa dk dtZ fn;k x;kA ;fn ;s VSªDVjtZ ,sls yksxksa dks fn, x,


gSa] ftUgksaus ubZ tehu dks rksM+k gS] rkfd bl ns'k esa vukt dh dehnwj gksA eq>s blesa dksbZ ,srjkt ugha gSA ysfdu] bu VSªDVtZ dk dtZ,sls yksxksa dks fn;k x;k] ftudha tehusa igys ls gh pkyw Fkha rks eq>smlesa t:j ,srjkt gSA D;ksafd mlls rks ns'k ds vUnj csjkstxkjhiSnk dj jgs gSaA D;ksafd mu VSªDVjksa ls gekjs eqtkgjksa dks csn[kyfd;k tk,xkA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 16 flrEcj]

1953] i"B 3889½

27- D;ksafd df"k mRiknu dk lgh ewY; izkUr esa ugha fey jgkFkkA blfy, df"k mRiknu dh iwjh dher u feyus ds ckjs esa QkbZobZ;j Iyku ¼iapo"khZ; ;kstuk½ ij cgl ds nkSjku mUgksus tksj nsdjlaln esa dgk Fkk fd %

^^vktkn fgUnqLrku esa df"k lalkj ds vUnj ,d vthc gkyrgSA vki pkgsa ;w-ih- ds vUnj tkbZ, ;k fcgkj ds vUnj tkbZ,A ogkadgha xUus dh dher fxjus ds f[kykQ vkokt gS] dgha xsgwa dhdher fxjus ds f[kykQ vkokt gS rks dgha eDdh dh dher fxjusds f[kykQ vkokt gS vkSj dgha jcj dh dher fxjus ds f[kykQvkokt gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 22 fnlEcj] 1954]

i"B 3767½

28- fnlEcj] 1954 esa iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ij gqbZ cgl esa vkxsHkkx ysrs gq, dgk Fkk fd ljdkj dks pkfg, fd dk'rdkjksa dksmuds mRiknu dk Bhd ewY; fn;k tk, vkSj mudha iSnkokj dksljdkj }kjk [kjhnk tk, vkSj mudha liksVZ izkbZl fu;r dj nhtk,A vkius dgk fd %

^êSa vtZ djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vkius ihNs ns[kk gS fd fdnobZ


lkfgc us ,syku djok;k Fkk fd iatkc ljdkj vkSj ;w-ih- ljdkjls xsgwa ds Hkko vxj 10 :i;s eu ls fxjsa rks ljdkj xsgwa dks[kjhnus ds fy, cktkj esa vk,xhA bl ,syku dk vlj ;g gqvk fdxsgwa dk Hkko 10 :i;s ls uhps fxjus ls :d x;kA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 22 fnlEcj] 1954] i"B 3767½

29- fMek.Ml Qksj xzWkUVl 1955&56 dh cgl esa cksyrs gq,xqM+ vkSj xsgwa ds Hkko dh ckcr loky mBk;k Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk fdeSa vkids lkeus dqN fcUnq j[kuk pkgrk gw¡ %

^^mÙkj izns'k dks yhft,] ogka ij 1949 ls 1952 rd pkoydk Hkko 35 :i;s vkB vkUus 11 ikbZ jgk vkSj fnlEcj] 1954 esa 11:i;s vkB vkUus gks x;kA vc xsgwa dks gh yhft,] ogka ij lu~1949 ls 1952 rd bldk Hkko 16 :i;s eu FkkA ;g Hkko ljdkjhdUVªksy dk FkkA ekdsZV dh D;k ckr gSA D;ksafd ;g Hkko 16 :i;sls ?kVdj lu~ 1954 esa 10 :i;s eu jg x;kA vUnktk yxkbZ;s fdbldk bruk QdZ gSA eq>s ;kn gS fd xqM+ 21 :i;s eu Fkk vkSjvkt 7 :i;s eu fcdrk gSA vki ns[ksaxs frxquk QdZ gSA** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 24 ekpZ] 1955] i"B 3218½

30- pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us nq/kk: i'kqvksa ds ckjs esa vius fopkjO;Dr djrs gq, dgk fd mudks cpkuk pkfg,A mudks dRy ughadjokuk pkfg,A vkius tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd %

^êSa ,d ckr dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd tks gekjs fo/kku esa j[kh xbZgS fd bl ns'k ds vUnj vPNs i'kqvksa vkSj mudh uLy dks cpk;k


tk ldsA df"k ea=ky; ls dbZ ea= vkSj rgohtsa fudyha fd jksgrdvkSj fglkj ls ijfeV ls dydÙkk tk,axs vkSj ijfeV ls cacbZtk,axsA bl fdLe dh ,d Ldhe jksgrd vkSj fglkj ij ijfeV}kjk i'kqvksa dks dydÙkk ys tk,axs vkSj ijfeV ls cEcbZ ys tk,tk,axsA cM+s rkTtqc dh ckr Fkh] D;ksafd gekjk rks is'kk gS Maxj dksikyuk vkSj gekjk ftyk gj lky nks djksM+ :i;s lky ds Maxjckgj Hkstrk gSA vc dksbZ gels dgs fd vkids Maxj ckgj tkuk cangSa rks 2 djksM+ :i;s dk gedks VksVk iM+rk gSA bl fdLe ds ea=dSls Hkyk dj ldrs gSa\** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½]

24 ekpZ] 1955] i"B 3220½

31- muds gn; esa i'kq/ku ds ds fy, cgqr nq%[k FkkA vr%mUgksaus vkxs pydj i'kq/ku cpkus ds fy, lq>ko fn;k vkSj cM+sdkjxj <+ax ls mu <ksaxh yksxksa ij pksV djrs gq, crk;k Fkk fd tksdydÙks vkSj cacbZ ds lsB yksx xkSo/k jksdus ds fy,] izpkj izlkjds fy, /ku nsrs gSa] ysfdu dydÙkk] eqEcbZ vkSj enzkl esa mu Maxjksadks ugha j[k ldrs] tks nw/k nsuk cUn dj nsrs gSaA mUgsa LykWVjgkÅl Hkst nsrs gSa] rks os dgka ds xÅ fgrS"kh gSa\ eSa lq>ko nsrk gw¡fd ;fn i'kq/ku cpkuk gS rks%

^^lh/kh ckr gS fd ,sls dqN Maxjksa dks cpkus dh ,d gh rjdhcgS fd mu Maxjksa ds okLrs gekjh ljdkj dqN lClhMh ns vkSjjksgrd o fglkj dh rjQ mudk eqag dj nsA fglkj igqapus okysMaxjksa dks ge viuh Nkrh ls yxk,axs vkSj mudks ikysaxs o ikslsaxsA;gh ,d rjdhc gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 24

ekpZ] 1955] i"B 3221½


32- bdksukWfed ikWfylh ds lUnHkZ esa laln esa py jgh cglesa pkS/kjh lkfgc us ,d ckr Li"V djus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh fdfdlkuksa dks mlds mRiknu dk lgh ewY; fn;k tkuk pkfg,Avkius tksj nsdj dgk fd %

^^vxj iatkc ds fdlku 'kksj djrs gSa rks blfy, ugha fd ogkalhfyax ugha gSA cfYd blfy, fd flyflys esa xsgw¡ o pus dhdher mudks Bhd ugha feyrh\ bl rjg ls lkÅFk ds fdlkumBrs gSa rks blfy, ugha ogka ij lhfyax ugha gSA cfYd muds jcM+dh] pk; dh] dgos dh] :bZ dh vkSj xzkm.MuV dh dher mudksBhd ugha feyrh gSA blh rjg ls twV dk gky gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 1 vDrwcj] 1955] i"B 16105&06½

33- blh cgl esa vkxs mUgksaus izkbZl liksVZ dk ftØ fd;kvkSj ekax dh Fkh fd ge vkt Hkh fpYyk jgs gSa vkSj ljdkj liksVZlizkbZl ns jgh gSA mUgksaus iatkc esa xsgwa dh dher dh vksj /;kufnykrs gq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^vkt vki nsa[kas fd gkyr D;k gS\ og xsgwa] tksfd iatkc esaQly dVrs le; 8 :i;s eu fcd jgk Fkk vkSj vkt enzkl vkSjdydÙkk esa 18 :i;s eu fcdrk gSA og puk tks iatkc esa 5 :i;seu rd fcdk Fkk vkSj vkt 14&15 :i;s eu rd fcdrk gSAblesa loky rks Iykfuax dk gSA* ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk

1952&57½] 1 vDrwcj] 1955] i"B 16108½

34- phuh ds fu;kZr ds fo"k; esa cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, mUgsa cM+s


nq%[k ds lkFk ;g crkuk iM+k fd fdlku dh iSnkokj dks [kjhnus dsfy, dksbZ ftEesnkj ugha gSA vkius dgk %

^^---------ea=h egksn; us dgk Fkk fd muds ikl dksbZ e'khujhugha gS] tksfd fdlkuksa ds xsgwa] /kku vkSj cktjk oxSjg dks [kjhnldsA muds ikl bl dke ds fy, :i;k vkSj xksnke Hkh ugha gSaAea=h egksn; dks ekywe gS fd mldh LVsV eas tgka 'kqxjdsu iSnkgksrk gS] vkt ls xsgwa ogka 20&22 :i;k eu ds fglkc ls fcd jgkgSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 26 vxLr] 1958] i"B

3011½

35- fMek.M QkWj lIyhesaVjh xzkUV ij cksyrs gq, iatkc dsfdlkuksa dh dikl u [kjhnus ij mUgksaus nq%[k Hkjh vkokt esadgk %

^^blds vfrfjDr eq>s vejhdk ls tks dikl [kjhnh xbZ gS]mlds ckjs esa Hkh dqN fuosnu djuk gSA vkidks ;kn gksxk fd fiNyslS'ku ds vkf[kjh fnu iatkc ds lnL;ksa dh rjQ ls dikl ds[kjhnus ds laca/k esa igys dkQh loky gq,A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh

yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 15 fnlEcj] 1958] i"B 5040½

blh cgl esa vkxs pydj vkius iatkc ds fdlkuksa dh etcwjhdh vksj /;ku fnykrs gq, dgk Fkk fd mudh dikl dks ljdkjmfpr ewY; ij ugha mBk jgh gS vkSj fdlku ?kkVs esa tk jgk gSA;g ckr fdlkuksa ds gd esa ugha gS] u gh ns'k ds gd esa gSA D;ksafdtks fdlku dikl mxkrk gS] og ?kkVs esa jgsxk rks ns'k Hkh ?kkVs esa


jgsxkA

fnlEcj] 1958 esa vkius iz'udky esa iz'u iwNrs gq, jsyoslkbZfMax ds fo"k; esa eqn~nk mBk;k Fkk fd lejxksikyiqj LVs'ku ijbl LFkku ds utnhdh xk¡o ds fdlkuksa dks xUuk fey jksgrd dsfy, xUuk Hkstus esa lgwfy;r gks ldrh FkhA D;ksafd yk[kksa VuxUuk jksgrd 'kqxj fey dks lIykbZ gksrk gSA ;|fi bldk izksfotu1958&59 ds jsyos ds oDlZ izksxzke esa ns fn;k x;k FkkA ysfdu]lkbZfMax vHkh rd ugha cuk;k x;k FkkA

36- Qjojh] 1959 esa vkius iapk;rhjkt ds fo"k; esa fparkO;Dr dhA bl pquko ds ckn xk¡o esa fQtk [kjkc gks tkrh gSA ;gckr ugha gS fd pkS/kjh lkfgc iapk;rksa ds pquko ds fo:) FksAysfdu] bl ckr dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd ;fn iapk;rh pquko gksrsgSa rks fQtk FkksM+h cgqr [kjkc gksrh gS vkSj ;fn iapk;rh pquko ughagksrs rks fQtk ges'kk gh [kjkc jgrh gSA tSls fd fnYyh ds nsgkrds lkFk gks jgh gSA

fnYyh iapk;rhjkt la'kks/ku fcy ij cgl djrs gq, pkS/kjhlkfgc us vf[ky Hkkjrh; dkaxzsl ds ukxiqj lS'ku 1951 dk ftØfd;k vkSj crk;k fd ogka ij izLrko ikl fd;k x;k gS fd iapk;rksadks etcwr cuk;k tk,A gekjk dguk gS fd lkjs ns'k ds vUnjiapk;rsa cusa vkSj vPNs <+ax ls dke djsaA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd %

^êsjs yk;d nksLr us vHkh crk;k fd iapk;rksa esa dqN [kjkfc;kavk tkrh gSa vkSj dbZ nQk muds ckjs esa yksxksa dh ,d jk; lekugks tkrh gS fd iapk;rksa ds vUnj U;k; vPNk ugha feyrkA eSamudks crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd bldks fdlh dh csbTtrh ugha ekuk


tk;s fd nsgkrh vkneh tks QSlys cM+h&cM+h vnkyrksa ls gksrs gSa]muls dksbZ cgqr T;knk [kq'k ugha gSaA

cgqr T;knk mudks rlYyh gS fd ogka tks QSlys gksrs gSa] oslgh gh gksrs gSaA gks ldrk gS fd dkuwuh rkSjij os 'kk;n lgh gksaAysfdu] tc nsgkr ds vUnj tkdj ns[kk tkrk gS rks tks nsgkr esajgus okys lkFkh gSa] og odhyksa dh cgl ds ckn gq, QSlyksa dksvPNk ugha] cfYd [kjkc ekurs gSaA**

¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 Qjojh] 1959] i"B 426&27½

blfy, fnYyh nsgkr esa bruh tYnh iapk;rhjkt dk;e gkstk,] mruk gh vPNk gSA blh fo"k; ds vUrxZr cksyrs gq, vkiusdgk Fkk fd %

^^tks Hkwfeghu xzkeh.k HkkbZ clrs gSa] mudks vukt fdlh HkkoHkh ugha feyrk gSA rks ea=h egksn; dgrs gSa fd nsgkr ds dk'rdkjksads ikl] cM+s&cM+s dk'rdkjksa vkSj tehankjksa ds ikl dkQh vuktgSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 Qjojh] 1959] i"B 428½

mUgksaus vkxs pydj ;g Li"V dj fn;k fd ;g vuktHkwfeghuksa dks pkfg,A vkius dgk fd nsgkr esa [ksr etnwjksa dks xsgwaugha feyrk vkSj ftu yksxksa dh cgqr FkksM+h vkenuh gS] mudks lLrkxsgwa nsus ds fy, dksbZ bartke ugha fd;k x;k gSA

37- Hkkjrh; thou chek fuxe ds eks'ku ij cksyrss gq, vkiuslcls igys df"k chek ;kstuk dh vksj /;ku fnykrs gq, dgk Fkk %

^^-----bl ns'k esa 80 Qhlnh fdlku clrs gSa vkSj mudh ØkWi


ba'kksjasl djkus ds okLrs gky gh esa ,d cgqr yack pkSM+k chekvk;kstu ekStwn gSA ysfdu] bl fn'kk dh vksj dksbZ lfØ; dksf'k'kvFkok dne ugha mBk;k x;k gSA eSa pkgwaxk fd gekjs foÙkea=hegksn;] tksfd ,d cgqr etcwr balku gSa] bl leL;k dh vksj/;ku nsaxsA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 6 vxLr]

1959] i`"B 1060½

38- nsgkr esa mfpr etnwjh ds fo"k; esa fnlEcj] 1959 easfeuhee osftt ¼la'kks/ku fcy½ ij cgl ds nkSjku vkius dgk Fkk%^^vxj ljdkj dk dksbZ fgLlk vius etnwjksa dks mfpr etnwjh ughansrk rks og vPNh ckr ugha gS] tcfd ge [ksrh dk dke djus okysrcds dks mfpr etnwjh nsrs gSaaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk

1957&62½] 11 fnlEcj] 1959] i"B 4738½

39- boksY;w'ku vkWQ ,xzhdYpj fjlpZ izksxzke ds lUnHkZ esa ekpZ]1960 esa vkius bl fo"k; ij vius fopkj cgqr xgjkbZ ls j[ks FksAvkius /;ku fnyk;k Fkk fd ,xzhdYpj fjlpZ ij ftruk :i;k [kpZgksrk gS] mruk ykHk fdlkuksa dks ugha feyrkA D;ksafd og lc ckrsafdlku rd ugha igqap ikrh gSaA cM+s nq%[k Hkjs 'kCnksa esa lnu dk/;ku bl vksj fnyk;k fd df"k ds fo"k; esa tks fo}ku gSa] mudhalsok,a rks izkIr ugha dh tk jgh gSaA ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk

1957&62½] 11 ekpZ] 1960] i"B 5532½

40- izksMD'ku fMLVªhC;w'ku ,.M ,DliksVZ vkWQ 'kwxj lslacaf/kr cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, fnlEcj] 1960 esa vkius viuh ckrbl rjg ls dgh Fkh %

^^;g loky ns'k ds lkeus esjs [;ky ls pkSFkh nQk vk;k gSvkSj blls igys ns'k dks rhu&pkj nQk crk;k x;k fd gekjs ns'k


esa phuh dh iSnkokj t:jr ls T;knk gSA bl fo"k; eas ns'k ds ckgjphuh Hkstus dk ftØ Hkh fd;k x;kA ns'k ds ckgj phuh ugha xbZAtgka rd phuh ds T;knk gksus dk rkYyqd Fkk] fiNyk bfrgkl ;gdgrk gS fd irk ugha fd fdl rjhds ls phuh ds O;kikfj;ksa us ;kcM+s&cM+s fey ekfydksa us bl ftØ ds QkSju ckn phuh dk Hkko c<kfn;k vkSj fQj phuh dh lkVsZt ¼deh½ dk ukjk bruh tksj ls yxkfn;k] ftruk igys dHkh ugha yxk FkkA blfy, Hkxoku bu lcdkHkyk djsA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 7 fnlEcj]

1960] i`"B 4443½

41- uhps fn, x, lnu esa muds Hkk"k.k ds m)j.k ls Li"Vgks tkrk gS fd xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk ij pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dh xgjhidM+ Fkh vkSj os tkurs Fks fd fdl rjg ls xzkeh.k {ks= dh iSnkokjls /ku [khapk tkrk gSA mldk ns'k rFkk nsgkr ds fy, D;k ifj.kkegksus okyk gSA bl felky ls ;g HkyhHkkafr mtkxj gksrk gS fdvktknh ds ckn ;g ,d ,slk rjhdk Fkk ftlds tfj;s Ñf"kvFkZO;oLFkk [kks[kyh gksrh pyh xbZ vkSj ;wa izkIr /ku ls iwath dscurs 'kgjksa vFkok iwath vk/kkfjr dkj[kkusnkjh <kaps dks ;gka etcwrfd;k x;k gSA fMek.M Qksj xzkUVl fo"k; ij cgl ds nkSjkupkS/kjh lkfgc us cgqr ls vkadM+s is'k djrs gq, fu"d"kZ is'k fd;kAvkt vkaa[kkas ds lkeus ;g lc lp gksrk fn[k jgk gSA mudk dgukFkk fd %

^^,d rjQ rks ns[kk tk,] dk'rdkj tks iSnk djrk gS] mldkHkko rks ?kVk gS vkSj ftu phtksa dks dk'rdkj bLrseky djrk gS]mudk Hkko c<+k gSA bl rjhds ls ;fn dksbZ ?kkVs esa jgk gS rks ogfgUnqLrku dh lÙkj Qhlnh xzkeh.k vkcknh ?kkVs esa jgh gSA brukgh ugha fiNys ikap&nl o"kksZa ds vUnj ns'k esa tks dke gqvk gS vkSj


mlls vkxs Hkh ns[kk tk, rks ;gh lkfcr gksxkA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 19 viSzy] 1961] i"B 12430½

42- vukt ds Hk.Mkj.k dh dfBukbZ xsgwa ds fy, os;jgkÅflax dkjiksjs'ku ¼veSaMesaV fcy] 1976½ ij fopkj foe'kZ djrsle; jkT;lHkk esa bl dfBukbZ dh vksj /;ku fnykus dh dksf'k'kdh Fkh fd fdlku iSnkokj rks dj nsrk gS] ysfdu dbZ ckj mldksvukt Hk.Mkj.k dh O;oLFkk ugha gksrhA blh le; vkyw ds ckjs esavkius dgk Fkk fd]

^^vki tkurs gSa fd fiNys lky vkyw ns'k ds vUnj T;knk iSnkgqvk] vkyqvksa dks lqjf{kr j[kus ds fy, LFkku de FkkA blfy,vkyw ds Hkko brus Hkh ugha jgs fd yksx mldks [ksr ls [kksndjcktkj esa ys tk,aA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 15 ekpZ]

1976] i"B 92½

dguk u gksxk fd bDdhloha 'krkCnh ds nwljs n'kd esa Hkhvukt Hk.Mkj.k dh leL;k T;ksa dh R;ksa cuh gqbZ gSA blfy,pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dh nwjnf'kZrk dh nkn nsuh iM+sxhA

43- mu fnuksa vukt Hk.Mkj.k ds LFkkuksa dh vko';drk ijtksj fn;k tk jgk FkkA blh flyflys esa tkS dh dher dh ckcrHkh loky mBk;k vkSj xsgw¡ vkSj pus ds Hk.Mkj.k dh leL;k ij/;ku vkdf"kZr fd;kA vkius pus ds ckjs esa dgk Fkk fd %

^^blh rjg ls tks puk gS] mldk Hkh [kjhnus okyk gksxk ;kughaA fiNys lky puk 250 :i;s izfr fDoaVy Fkk vkSj bl lkypus dh Qly rS;kj gS vkSj og cgqr vPNh gSA eSaus lquk gS fdnwljs ns'kksa esa] [kkl rkSj ij vjc eqYdksa esa pus dh nky dh dkQh


ekax gSA vxj bl nky dks le; ij Hkstus dk bartke gks lds rksmlds fy, ljdkj dks vius LVksjksa esa j[kus dk izca/k djuk gksxkAblds fy, Hk.Mkj.k dh vko';drk gksxhA* ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk

1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 15 ekpZ] 1976] i"B 92&93½

blh cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius vkxs pydj dgk Fkk fd^^fdlkuksa dks bl ckr dk fo'okl fnykb;s fd mlds

vukt dks Hk.Mkj.kksa esa lqjf{kr j[kk tk;sxk] D;ksafd mUgksaus [kwuilhuk ,d djds vkSj esgur djds vukt iSnk fd;k gSA---pkgs ogvukt tkS] xsgwa] puk ;k ljlksa gksA fdlku tks Hkh vukt iSnkdjrk gS] gekjk dÙkZO; gks tkrk gS fd ml vukt dks Bhd Hkko[kjhnsA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 15 ekpZ] 1976] i"B

94½

44- vius bl m)j.k esa os [ksrh dks fupksM+us okys dke dksiwathoknh lksp ds lkFk tksM+ dj is'k djrs gSaA ;g mudh iSuhfuxkg dks tkfgj djrk gSA vkius lnu dk /;ku vkdf"kZr djrsle; ;kn fnyk;k Fkk fd iwathoknh lksp dks cnyuk gksxkAlektoknh <+kaps dks cuk, j[kuk gksxkA ;g iwathoknh lksp dkurhtk gS fd gekjs ns'k ds vUnj [ksrh esa tks phtsa iSnk gksrh gSa]tSls xsgwa ;k nwljh phtsa] muds Hkko fxjs gSaA ysfdu] ftu phtksa dklaca/k ljdkjh foHkkxksa ls gS] mudh dher p<+h gSA ,slss rjhdksa lsgh [ksrh ?kkVs dk /ka/kk cu x;k gSA vkius dgk Fkk fd %

^^gekjs ns'k ds vUnj lcls cM+k /ka/kk [ksrh gS vkSj ml [ksrhds vUnj ftu buiqV dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] mudh dhersa c<+hgSaA blds foijhr [ksrh esa tks phtsa iSnk gksrh gSa] mudh dhersa ?kVhgSaA ,sls gkykr esa ;g dkSu lh lektoknh lksp gSa blds ckjs esa


xaHkhjrk ls fopkj djus dh t:jr gSA VSªDVjksa dh dhersa c<+ha]Mhty dh dher c<+h] fctyh dh dher c<+h gS vkSj blh rjg lsnwljh phtksa dh dhersa Hkh c<+h gSaA bu phtksa dk laca/k ljdkjhfoHkkxksa ls gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 26 ebZ] 1976]

i"B 191½

45- 22 twu] 1977 dks jkT;lHkk dh jtr t;afr FkhA blvolj ij ctV ¼tujy½ ij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius fQj lsvukt Hk.Mkj.k ds fy, xqgkj yxkbZ Fkh vkSj dgk Fkk fd %

îgys lky vkSj dbZ ckj 1200 djksM+ :i;s dk vukt ckgjls eaxk;k tkrk FkkA de ls de Hkxoku ds fy, bl vukt dkspwgksa dks er f[kykb;sA dhM+s&edkSM+ksa ls bls u"V gksus ls cpkbZ;sA250&300 djksM+ :i;k] tks ,QlhvkbZ C;kt dh dher esa nsxk rks;fn ogh iSlk ge fdlkuksa dks ns nsrs rks fdlku rjDdh dj ldrsFksA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 22 twu] 1977] i"B 202½

46- jkT;lHkk esa ebZ] 1972 dks vkius df"k mit ds c< tkusls ns'k dks vukt esa vkRefuHkZj cuk dj vius xkSjo o lEeku dhxkjaVh ds egRo dks js[kkafdr fd;kA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd]

^^xsgw¡ ge nsrs gSa] mudk fiNys rhu lky dk QdZ ns[ksa rksmldh dher ls irk py tk,xkA milHkkifr th] vktdy df"kea=ky; ij vkSj Vhdk fVIi.kh gksrh gSA bl ns'k ds vUnj 530djksM+ :i;s dk vukt ckgj ls vkrk Fkk] bEiksVZ gksrk FkkA ogbEiksVZ vkxs ugha djuk iM+sxkA blfy, ge vesfjdk dks vka[k fn[kkldsaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 12ebZ] 1972] i"B 137½


47- gfj;k.kk dks vf/kd rOotks nsus dh odkyr djrs gq, df"kiSnkokj ds fo"k; esa vkius dgk Fkk fd %

^^;g ns'k lcdk gSA dsoy gfj;k.kk okyksa dk ugha gSA blgfj;k.kk esa T;knk vukt iSnk djrs gSa rks mldks gfj;k.kk okys ghugha [kk,axsA og ns'k ds fy, cspsaxsA blfy, ;gka tks T;knk iSnkdj ldrk gS vkSj de [kpZ ij iSnk dj ldrk gSA mldk /;kuj[kuk pkfg,A [kkl rkSjij tc ge ;kstuk cukrs gSaA** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 23 Qjojh] 1973] i"B 185½

48- ,izksfiz;'ku fcy] 1973 ij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, dgk Fkkfd vkius xsgwa ds Hkko Bhd eqdjZj ugha fd,A ,slk ekuk tkrk FkkAmUgksaus crk;k Fkk fd ge gh ugha ,DliVZ dg jgs gSa] cfYd df"kfo|ky; ds fo'ks"kK Hkh dg jgs gSaA mUgksaus tksj nsdj dgk Fkkfd %

^^^tc ^fdlku dh iSnkokj dk Hkko eqdjZj gqvk vkSj tcfdlku igys vukt iSnk djds xkM+h esa Hkjdj ys tkrk gS rcfdlku dks vygnk cSBk fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj fQj mlds vukt dhcksyh gksrh Fkh] uhykeh gksrh Fkh vkSj og eqnsZ vkneh dk lk Hkkogksrk Fkk] mldh dksbZ fgEer ugha Fkh vkSj O;kikjh nwj cSBs&cSBspqids ls gFksyh nckdj Hkko eqdjZj djrk FkkA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 2ebZ] 1973] i"B 249½

49- tc df"k mRiknu ds fy, liksVZ izkbZl eqdjZj gqbZ rksvkius mlh flyflys esa crk;k Fkk fd %


^^fgUnwLrku dh iz/kkuea=h us vkSj fgUnqLrku dh ljdkj usigyh nQk fgUnqLrku ds bfrgkl ds vUnj fdlku tks iSnkokjhdjrk gS] mldh ljdkjh rkSjij dher eqdjZj djus dk QSlykfd;k gS vkSj bl dher ds Åij ljdkj [kqn gh [kjhnsxhA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 12ebZ] 1972] i"B 137½

50- Qkbukal fcy ij cgl ds nkSjku 1929 o 1930 dk ftØdjrs gq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^1929 vkSj 1930 esa tc iSls dk izlkj ugha Fkk] izlkj de Fkk]ml le; ,d :i;s esa 16 lsj xsgwa feyrk FkkA lok lsj ?kh feyrkFkkA ysfdu] ml oDr ns'k esa nsgkr dk vkneh viuh Hkwfe dk djnsus ds fy, tehu dks NksM+rk FkkA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk

1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 8 ebZ] 1974] i"B 296½

51- o"kZ 1974 esa fjvIokaVeSaV vkWQ n desVh Vw ltsLVjhesfM;y Vw pSd buQyDl vkWQ :jy ikWiqys'ku Vw vcZu ,sfj;k]bl fo"k; ij cgl djrs gq, pkS/kjh lkgc us fpark trkbZ Fkh fdxk¡o dk vkneh 'kgjksa esa tkdj cl jgk gSA D;ksafd nsgkr dhrjDdh Bhd <+ax ls ugha gks jgh gSA ftruk iSlk [ksrh ls feyrkgS] mlh fglkc ls [kpZ ugha gksrkA mUgksaus dgk %

^^ns'k esa 70 Qhlnh yksx [ksrh ds dke ij yxs gSaA [ksrh dhdqy iSnkokj fQj Hkh ns'k dh vk; dk 48 izfr'kr gS vkSj ljdkjus [ksrh dh rjDdh ds fy, [kpZ fd;k 15 izfr'krA blls cM+kvU;k; vkSj D;k gks ldrk gSA og tekuk fudy x;k] tcnLr[kr djus ls vesfjdk ls vukt fey tkrk FkkA vc rks 290


:i;s izfr fDoaVy ls feysxk vkSj og Hkh nLr[krksa ls ughaAfgUnqLrku dk lkeku ckgj cspdj feysxkA** ¼jkT;lHkk ¼1972&78½ esa

Hkk"k.k] Hkkx&,d] 8 ebZ] 1974] i"B 297½

52- 26 uoEcj] 1974] :y 176 ds varxZr fMLdlu esa Hkkxysrs gq, xsgwa rFkk vuktksa dh iSnkokj ds de gksus ds lUnHkZ esa vkiusdgk Fkk]

^^gekjs ns'k ds vUnj tehu ds uhps dgha Hkh ikuh gS rks ogmÙkj izns'k esa gS] fcgkj esa gS] caxky esa gS vkSj vle esa gSA og ns'kdks T;knk vukt iSnk djds ns ldrs gSaA bl ns'k ds vUnj ;fnmÙkj izns'k esa vkSj fcgkj dh tehuksa ds uhps Hkh ikuh gS vkSj ehBkikuh gS] tks ckgj fudkydj iz;ksx esa yk;k tk, rks dke;kc gksldrk gSA bl ns'k ds vUnj vukt dh deh ugha jgsxha** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 26 uoEcj] 1974] i"B 226½

30- ns'k dks LokyEcu cukus ij viuk utfj;k is'k djrs gq,vkius dgk Fkk fd]^êSa tkurk gw¡ fd ;g gekjs ns'k ds fy, dksbZbTtr dh ckr ugha gS fd ge fons'kksa ls vukt eaxok,a] tcfdgekjk ns'k df"k iz/kku ns'k gSaA ge ckgj ls og phtsa eaxok,a vkSjge vius [ksrksa esa iSnk ugha dj ldrs gSaA gesa vius ns'k dks gjpht esa Lokoyach cukuk pkfg,A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½]

Hkkx&,d] 26 uoEcj] 1974] i"B 230&31½

53- fiNyh 'krkCnh ds lkrosa n'kd esa xsgwa dh fjdkM+Z rksM+iSnkokj gqbZ FkhA lnu esa lkekU; ctV ij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq,


pkS/kjh lkgc us dgk Fkk fd]

^^gekjs ns'k ds vUnj fdlkuksa us dqN o"kksZa igys xsgwa bruk iSnkfd;k fd xsgwa dksbZ [kjhn gh ugha jgk FkkA ljdkj dks xsgwa dh[kjhnkjh esa benkn djuh iM+hA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½]

Hkkx&,d] 18 ekpZ] 1975] i"B 272½

54- jkT;lHkk esa] o"kZ 1976] 26 ekpZ ds fnu jsT;ksyw'ku]fjxkfMZax QkewZys'ku vkWQ , Ldhe ckbZ xoZuesaV Vw ba';ksj ,jseksjsusfVo izkbZl Vw xzksojlZ vkWQ bZp ,xzhdYpjy deksfMVh ¼df"kmRikn ds fy, mfpr ewY; fu/kkZj.k djus gsrw fo"k;½ ij cgl esaHkkx esa ysrs gq, vkius ftØ fd;k Fkk] ^

^df"k ea=ky; dks pkfg, fd og ns[ks fd tks iSnkokj djrs gSa]mudh iSnkokj dk Bhd Hkko gksA ,d le; Fkk] tc [ksrh ,dO;olk; ugha FkkA ns'k ds vUnj jgus dk ,d rjhdk FkkA vkt ns'kds vUnj gj fdlh dks vf/kdkj gS fd mlls csxkj ugha yh tkldrh rks fdlku ls Hkh csxkj ugha yh tk ldrhA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 26 uoEcj] 1976] i"B 92½

55- pkS/kjh lkgc us blh flyflys esa cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq,vkxs pydj dgk Fkk fd]

^êSa ;g dgwaxk fd ljdkj us fdlkuksa dh dkQh lgk;rk dh]df"k iSnkokj c<+kus ds fy, fdlkuksa dh enn dhA mlds lkFk&lkFktc rd fdlku tks dqN iSnk djrk gS] mldh fcØh dh iwjhO;oLFkk vkSj bartke ljdkj ugha djrh] rc rd ns'k dk m)kj


ugha gks ldrkA vkius ns[kk fd fiNys lky vkyw cktkj esa fc[kjkiM+k FkkA [ksr ls fdlku us vkyw fudkyk ughaA vkt tkS vkSj pusdks dksbZ iwNrk ugha vkSj bl ns'k ds vUnj Hkxoku dh dqnf"V gkstk, rks ml ij fdlku dk dksbZ o'k ugha jgrkA blds dkj.k ghns'k dks ,d lky esa nl feyh;u Vu vukt ckgj ls eaxkuk iM+kFkk vkSj fiNys lky Hkh lkr feyh;u Vu ls T;knk vukt ckgjls vk;k FkkA ge pkgrs gSa fd vukt ns'k esa ckgj ls u vk,A vktdh ckr nwljh gS vkSj fdlku us bl ns'k dks bl yk;d cuk fn;kgS fd ge vukt vius ns'k ds ckgj Hkh Hkst ldsaA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 26 uoEcj] 1976] i"B 93½

56- [ksr etnwj 'kgj esa jgus okys etnwjksa ds eqdkcys esa xjhcgSaA D;ksafd oks nsgkr esa jgrs gSa vkSj mudks 'kgj ds eqdkcys esa deetnwjh feyrh gSA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd %

^^bl rjg ls gekjs ns'k esa fdlkuksa dh [ksr etnwjksa dh vkSjnsgkr dh nqnZ'kk gSA mudh xjhch de gksus dh txg c<+rh fn[kkbZnsrh gSA ,slh voLFkk esa ges ,sls dk;Z gkFk esa ysus pkfg,] ftllsfd fdlkuksa dks enn fey ldsA [kkn ds lkFk lkFk tks vkSjlk/ku fdlkuksa dks [ksrh ds fy, pkfg,a] tSls vPNs cht Qlyksa esagksus okyh fcekfj;ksa ij fNM+dus ds fy, nokbZ;ka] fctyh] iEi] rsyvkStkj fdlkuksa dks nsgkr esa lgwfy;r gksA fdlku tks pht iSnkdjrk gS] mldk mfpr nke ugha feyk rks mudk 'kks"k.k gksrk gSA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 14 ekpZ] 1974] i"B 115½

57- tqykbZ] 1968 esa gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa fMek.M Qksj xzkUVds Åij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius fdlkuksa vkSj df"k mit ds


ckjs esa dgk Fkk fd]

^^lHkkifr egksn;] eq>s ;g dgrs gq, cgqr nq%[k gks jgk gS fdgekjh ljdkj fdlkuksa dks iwjh lgwfy;r ugha ns jgh gSA vxjljdkj iwjh lgwfy;r ns rks iSnkokj c<+ ldrh gSA ;g vki lcdke djsa fd Hkkoksa ds de gksus ls gekjh ljdkj cgqr cM+k fgLlkrks xouZj jkt dk mlesa ekurh gSA ,d tekuk Fkk] tc iatkc izns'kls gfj;k.kk dh eafM;ksa esa vkdj iatkc dk vukt fcdrk FkkAysfdu] bl lky gfj;k.kk dk vukt iatkc dh eafM;ksa esa tkdjfcdk gSA ljdkj us 75 :i;s fDoaVy xsgwa dk Hkko eqdjZj fd;k vkSj;gka ij 65 vkSj 67 :i;s fDoaVy ds fglkc ls fcdk rks vkivUnktk yxk,a fd gfj;k.kk ds fdlkuksa dks fdrus djksM+ksa dk ?kkVkgqvk\ tgka dsUnzh; iz'kklu us fdlkuksa ds xsgwa ds Hkko eqdjZj djds,d rjQ muds fnyksa dks thrus ds fy, dne mBk;k FkkA gekjsizns'k esa ljdkj xsgwa dk Hkko iwjk ugha fnyk ldh vkSj fdlkuksa dksijs'kku fd;k x;kA**

mUgksuas blh ppkZ esa vkxs pydj Hkz"Vkpkj feVkus dh ckr Hkhdgh vkSj dgk Fkk fd %

^^xka/kh th us dgk Fkk fd og jkt vPNk gksrk gS] tks de lsde------Hkz"Vkpkj dks nwj djus dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA ;g cM+s nq%[kdh ckr gS fd gekjs izns'k esa vkSj iM+kSlh iatkc izns'k ds Hkko esa 7&8:i;s fDoaVy QdZ jgkA blls rks fdlkuksa dks izksRlkgu ughafeyrkA mlls rks mlds fny dks Bsl igqaprh gSA gesa fdlku dkslgk;rk nsuh gksxhA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 24 tqykbZ] 1968] i"B ¼7½ 36½

58- lIyhesaVjh fMek.M xzkUV ds fo"k; esa cgl esa Hkkx yssrs gq,lnu dk /;ku iatkc dh 32 yk[k ,dM+ Hkwfe] tks ck<+ ls [kjkc gks


xbZ Fkh] dh vksj fnyk;kA mldks Bhd djus ds fy, iatkc ljdkjdks iSlk nsus dh odkyr dh] ftlls ogka ugjh ikuh dh [ksrh gkslds vkSj lq>k;k fd ;fn ,slk gksrk gS rks %

^^;gka ij 172 yk[k eu QwM xszu iSnk gksrk gS 25 yk[k euphuh vkSj 20 yk[k eu dikl iSnk gksrh gSA vki rhuksa phtsa ckgjls eaxok jgs gSaA----vxj ge pkgrs gSa fd fgUnqLrku esa ckgj lsvukt vkuk can gks vkSj yacs js'ks dh dikl vkuk can gks vkSj ns'kesa rjDdh gks lds vkSj ftl :i;s esa ge vukt vkSj dikl eaxkrsgSa mlls ge e'khusa eaxk ldsa rks fugk;r t:jh gS fd iatkc dks¶yM daVªsky cksMZ us ftrus :i;s ekaxs gSa muds fy;s iwjk :i;knwljs ik¡p lkyk Iyku esa ns fn;k tk;sA mldks ?kVkus dh dksbZ otgugha gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23 Qjojh] 1959]

i"B 2493½

pkS/kjh lkgc us laln dks psrk;k Fkk fd %

^^vki djksM+ksa :i;s dk vukt ckgj ls eaxkrs jgs gSaA nwljksads vkxs >ksyh ilkj jgs gSaaA D;k blls vPNk ;g ugha gksxk fdvki lwcksa dks cxSj lwn ds dtkZ nsa vkSj vxj vkius cxSj lwn dsdtZ 10&15 lky rd fn;k rks vkidks crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fdvkidks nwljksa ds vkxs >ksyh ilkjuh ugha iMs+xhA nqfu;k ds lkeusfHk[kkjh ugha cus jgsaxs vkSj ;fn vkius ,slk ugha fd;k rks vkidksfHk[kkjh gh jguk gksxkA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23

Qjojh] 1959] i"B 2497½


ifjp;

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag Lo;a ,d lkekU; fdUrq bykds dsizfrf"Br fdlku ds ?kj iSnk gq, FksA mudks tehu dh vgfe;r dkc[kwch Kku FkkA blfy,] fdlkuksa dh df"k ;ksX; Hkwfe ds vf/kxzg.kij izk;% lfØ; jgrs FksA ;wa rks Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k dk bfrgkl cgqriqjkuk gS vkSj ;g dkuwu Hkh 19oha 'krkCnh ls ykxw gSA fQj Hkh] ;gekuus okyh ckr gS fd lkoZtfud o lkewfgd dk;ksZa ds fy, tSlslM+d] ugj] jsyos ykbZu rFkk ljdkjh Hkouksa ds fy, Hkwfe dhvko';drk iM+rh gS vkSj fdlku dh Hkwfe dk lkoZtfud dk;Z dsfy, vf/kxzg.k gksrk vk;k gSaA

;gka fczfV'k gqdwer dss iSj teus ls igys rd tehu ijlkekU;r% xkao lekt dh eyfd;r dk fjokt FkkA [ksfrgjifjokjksa dks iz;ksx dk gd jgk FkkA fQj] dqN yksx nwljs is'kksa esayxus ls ;k vU; dkj.k ls cstehu gq,A ,slh gkyr esa] vaxzstljek;snkjksa ds vkus ij vius pk; ds ckxku vkfn ds fy, tehu[kjhnuk dfBu gks x;k rks tehu ij futh ekfydkus dk gdcuk;k x;k ftlls vaxzstksa dks nks ykHk gq,% igyk] fonsf'k;ksa dkstehu dk [kjhnuk vFkok vf/kxzg.k djuk lEHko gks x;kA nwljsHkkjr esa tehu ds ekfydksa esa ,slk /kuh rcdk iSnk dj fn;k x;ktks ljdkjijLr cu dj vius gh yksxksa ij fons'kh 'kklu dk

3 Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k

Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k / 53

vkSt+kj cu x;kA bldk nwjxkeh izHkko gqvkA fczfV'kklu dks yEcsle; rd jkt djus dk volj fey x;k vkSj vktknh dh yM+kbZesaa Hkh xzkeh.k vkapy dk ;g rcdk jksM+k cuk jgkA

lkFk gh tehu ij ljdkj ds izkFkfed gd dk fl)kUr ?kM+fy;k x;k ftls fizafliy vkWQ ,ehuSUV Mksesu ds uke ls tkuktkrk gSA tehu vf/kxzg.k dh iwjh lksp blh fl)kUr ij fVdh gSAblh ds rgr ljdkj ,d fnu tehu dh gdnkj cuh FkhA tehuxk¡o lekt dh eyfd;r u gksdj fczfV'k ljdkj dh eyfd;reku yh xbZ!

;g nwljh ckr gS fd Lora=rk izkfIr ls iwoZ fczfV'k ljdkjcsjgeh ls mitkÅ Hkwfe dk vf/kxzg.k dj ysrh FkhA D;ksafd mudkHkkjr ds fdlkuksa ls ysuknsuk ugha FkkA tc pkS/kjh j.kchj flagfnYyh esa i<+rs Fks] mUgha fnuksa ubZ fnYyh clkbZ tk jgh FkhA mlhle; mUgksaus fdlkuksa dh mitkÅ Hkwfe dk vf/kxzg.k gksrs ns[kkrFkk fdlkuksa dh dfBukbZ;ksa dks le>k vkSj mlds fo"k; esatkudkjh gkfly dhA vkidks ekSdk feyrs gh izFke ysftLysfVovlsEcyh esa ;g loky cM+s tksj 'kksj ls mBk;k vkSj fuMjrk lspsrkouh ns nh Fkh fd fdlkuksa dks er feVkvksA cgqr lh gqdwervkbZ] nsgkrksa dks m[kkM+ ugha ldhA viuh rgthc vkSj ren~nqu dsscy ij og vkt rd ftank gSA

mlwyu] pkS/kjh lkgc lkoZtfud dke ds fy, Hkwfevf/kxzg.k ds fo:) ugha FksA vktknh ds ckn lkoZtfud dkeksa dktky fcNkA mlds fy, tehu dh t:jr FkhA ysfdu] os bl ckrij tksj fn;k djrs Fks fd fdlku dk is'kk er NhuksaA fdlkuksa dksmlh dher dh Hkwfe ns nksA dsoy eqvkotk nsdj viuk iYyk er


>kM+ksA mudh le> Fkh fd ,d osyQs;j LVsV gksus ds ukrs yksxksadh cgcwnh ls ljdkj dks iwjk ljksdkj j[kuk pkfg,A

tks gks] vaxzstksa ds tekus ls tehu vf/kxzg.k dk elyklaosnu'khy jgk gSA os fons'kh FksA mUgsa vius fgr lk/kus ls erycFkkA yksxksa dh lqusa] u lqusaA ysfdu] vktkn ns'k esa yksxksa dh t:jrksads izfr laosnu'khy gksuk ljdkjksa ds fy, vko';d gSA bl igywdks pkS/kjh lkfgc us vkjfEHkd dky esa gh tksj nsdj mBk;kA ;gmudh nwjxkeh lksp dk izek.k gSA ;g loky vkt Hkh laosnu'khycuk gqvk gSA ,sls loky ij muds fopkj lkef;d gSaA

vkius lHkh lnuksa esa vafre le; rd bl ckr dks ugha NksM+kvkSj Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ds fo"k; esa viuh ckr dgrs jgs] pkgs mldkdksbZ fo'ks"k vlj ugha gqvkA---vrar% Hkkjr ljdkj dh Hkwfevf/kxzg.k ds fo"k; esa fpark c<+h rFkk gfj;k.kk dh Hkwfe vf/kxzg.kdh ikWfylh tksfd lkjs Hkkjro"kZ esa ljkgh tk jgh gS] og Hkh cuh]D;ksafd bl izdkj ds Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ls fdlku cslgkjk ugha jgtkrkA

,d ckr Li"V gS fd vkjfEHkd nkSj esa lHkh lnuksa ds Lrj ijpkS/kjh lkfgc }kjk j[ks x, lq>koksa ij ljdkjsa /;ku nsrha rks ekeykbruk tfVy ugha curkA

vxys iUuksa esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag }kjk bl vfr laosnu'khyelys ij fofHkUu lnuksa esa j[ks x, fopkjksa ds egRoiw.kZ va'k ikBdksadh tkudkjh ds fy, izLrqr gSaA


Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k

;wa rks Hkkjro"kZ esa lkoZtfud mn~ns'; ds fy, Hkwfevf/kxzg.k dk bfrgkl lu~ 1824 ls izkjaHk gksrk gSA caxky esajsX;wys'ku ,DV ua- 1 ykxw gqvk FkkA o"kZ 1839 ds fcfYMax ,DV&XXVIIIds uke ls eqEcbZ esa ykxw fd;k x;kA bu mijksDr nskuksa fo/ks;dksa dkslu~ 1850 eas la'kksf/kr dj fn;k x;k FkkA

igyh ckj bZLV bafM;k daiuh dh ljdkj }kjk vius v/khuHkkjro"kZ esa ,DV ua- VI, 1857 ikfjr djds ykxw fd;k x;kA bldkfo'ks"k iz;kstu Fkk lM+d] jsyos ykbZu o ugjksa ds fy, Hkwfe dkvf/kxzg.k djukA blds mijkar lu~ 1861] 1863 vkSj lu~ 1870 esablesa vko';d la'kks/ku fd, x,A lu~ 1870 ds la'kks/ku ds fo"k;esa cgqr fopkj djus ds mijkar bl ij vk/kkfjr lu~ 1894 esa Hkwfevf/kxzg.k fo/ks;d ikl fd;k x;k] tksfd vkt rd ykxw gSAysfdu] dguk u gksxk fd mijksDr fo/ks;d dks fiNys 90 o"kksZa dsnkSjku lu~ 1894 ls lu~ 1984 rd yxHkx 18 ckj la'kksf/kr fd;kx;kA eq[; l'kks/ku 1956 esa fd;k x;k] tksfd ,Mksi'ku vkWQ ykWtvkMZj] 1956 ds varxZr fd;k x;kA

eqvkotk nsdj Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ds ihNs nks vk/kkj gSaA ,d rksukxfjdksa dk osyQs;j lcls Åij j[kk x;k gS vkSj nwljk]lkoZtfud dk;Z ds fy, vko';drk] ftls izkbZosV vko';drk ls


vf/kd ekuk x;kA bl vk'k; dk viSzy] 1982 esa yksdlHkk esa ,dfcy j[kk x;k] ftls 1984 esa ikfjr fd;k] tks vkt rd ykxw gSAbu la'kks/kuksa ls fiNys 25&30 o"kksZa esa tks dfBukbZ;ka vkbZ gSa] mudslek/kku ds fy, u, la'kks/ku dk elkSnk ljdkj }kjk rS;kj fd;kx;k gS] tksfd vktdy ppkZ dk fo"k; gS] ftls 'kh?kz gh laln dsiVy ij j[kdj cgl djus ds mijkar ikfjr djus dk fopkj gSA

lu~ 1984 ds la'kks/ku esa ewy:i ls nks eq[; ckrsa lkeusvkbZa FkhaA ,d rks bl fo/ks;d dks iwoZdky ls gh ykxw djuk rFkknwljk] igyh ckj lkWfyfV;e ¼eqvkotk½ nsuk rFkk c<+s gq, eqvkotsij C;kt nsukA ;g lafo/kku dh leorhZ ;kuh dadjsaV fyLV esa gSA

fnlEcj] 1957 esa fnYyh MsoyiesUV fcy ds Åij gqbZyksdlHkk esa cgl ds nkSjku pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us dgk Fkk&

^^mik/;{k egksn;] bl fo/ks;d dk uke fnYyh MsoYieasVfo/ks;d gSA ysfdu] tgka fdUgha yksxksa ds fy, ;g MsoYiesaV fcygS] bldks fdUgh nwljs yksxksa ds fy, fouk'kd fcy ugha gksukpkfg,A nwljs] MsoYiesaV dk ,d ,LisDV [;ky esa jgs vkSj nwljk,LisDV fnekx ls gVk fn;k tk,] eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;g dksbZ LoLFkMsoYiesaV ugha gSA MsoYiesaV ds ekus flQZ ;gh ugha gSa fd flQZ bl'kgj ds vUnj edku ij edku [kM+s fd, tk,a**A ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] fnYyh MsoYiesaV fcy] 12 fnlEcj] 1957] i"B

5001A½

blh fo/ks;d ij cksyrs gq, pkS/kjh lkgc us fdlkuksa dsgd esa ljdkj dks yydkjk Fkk vkSj vkokt mBkbZ Fkh rFkk dgk Fkkfd


& ^^,d rjQ rks izfrcU/k yxk;k tkrk gS fd ubZ fnYyh esanwljh eafty ugha cusxh] nwljh rjQ tks tehu 25 lky igys yhxbZ Fkh] og clh ugha gS] rhljh rjQ vki vkSj tehu ysus dks rS;kjgSaA vkf[kj ;g D;k uhfr gS\ ;g ekywe gksuk pkfg,A**¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] fnYyh MsoYiesaV fcy] 12 fnlEcj] 1957] i"B

5003A½

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us nsgkr dks m[kkM+dj 'kgj clkus dhrgthc ds fo"k; eas vius fopkj Li"V djrs gq, dgk Fkk vkSjrRdkyhu ljdkj dks blds ek/;e ls psrkouh nh Fkh&

**bl rjg dh ckrksa esa gesa cM+s ,sfrgkr ls pyuk pkfg,A ;gkacM+h&cM+h gqdqersa vkbZa] og Hkh nsgkrksa dks ugha m[kkM+ ldha] mudhargthc vkSj ren~nqu dks ugha feVk ldhA ysfdu] vkt vki mldhrgthc vkSj ren~nqu dks feVkus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA bl flfoykbTMnqfu;k esa] ,sls le; esa] cM+h /khjt ls dke djuk pkfg,A** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] fnYyh MsoYiesaV fcy] 12 fnlEcj] 1957]

i"B 5003A½

tehu dks vf/kxzg.k djds [kkyh j[kuk pkS/kjh lkgc dkspqHkrk FkkA ;wa rks og tehu vf/kxzg.k ds fo:) ugha FksA blfy,]mUgksaus dgk&

^^;g Bhd gS fd ljdkj dks vkSj /kkjkvksa ds eqrkfcdtehu ysus dk vf[r;kj gksxkA ysfdu] bl ckjs esa rks eSa cksyldrk gw¡ fd vki tehu lgh rkSjij ysrs gSa ;k lkjs ns'k dks ysdj[kkyh Mkyus ds fy, ysrs gSaA vxj [kkyh Mkyus ds fy, tehu yhtkrh gSa rks ;g uhfr ns'k ds fy, vPNh ugha gksxhA geus fdruhgh ckrsa ikl dj yh gksaA ysfdu] ge bl ij cksy ldrs gSa vkSj


cgl dj ldrs gSa fd tehu lgh rkSjij yh tk jgh gS ;k ugha\;g loky ugha gS fd tehu yh tk, ;k ughaA eSa tehu ysus dsf[kykQ ugha gw¡A**

¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] fnYyh MsoYiesaV fcy] 12

fnlEcj] 1957] i"B 5004A½

tehusa vf/kxzg.k djds ljdkj tc fdlkuksa dks cs?kjcukrh gS rks bl fo"k; esa pkS/kjh lkgc ds fny esa cM+h Vhl mBrhFkhA mUgksaus yksdlHkk esa nks Vwd dgk fd&

^^vc ljdkj [kqn yksxksa dks cs?kj cuk jgh gSA mudks clkusdh ftEesnkjh fdlds Åij gS\ ftu vknfe;ksa dks ljdkj viuhdye ls mtkM+ jgh gS] mudks clkus dh ftEesnkjh Hkh mlh dhcurh gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] fnYyh MsoYiesaV

fcy] 12 fnlEcj] 1957] i"B 5005A½

'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k gYdksa esa HksnHkko ij vkius dgk Fkk fdtehu vf/kxzg.k djrs le; ljdkj tc eqvkotk fu/kkZfjr djrhgSa rks 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k bykdksa esa Hksn djrh gSaA fdlku vkSjdkj[kkusnkj esa QdZ j[krh gSaA mUgksaus yksdlHkk esa Li"V rkSjijpsrk;k Fkk fd &

^^tgka rd dEis'kslu ¼eqvkotk½ dk rkYyqd gS] eSa ;g dgscxSj ugha jg ldrk fd tc ,d NksVs ls dk'rdkj dh tehu yhtkrh gS] rks nl lky dh dher dh ,ojst yxkbZ tkrh gS vkSj ognh tkrh gS] pkgs ,d ,dM+ dk ekfyd gks vkSj pkgs ik¡p ,dM+ dkAtc ge eqvkotk nsrs gSa] rks mlesa fMLfØfeus'ku D;ksa\ tc ,ddkj[kkusnkj dks] fctyh ds dkj[kkus ds ekfyd dks] ftlus dkQhyksxksa dks ijs'kku fd;k] dkQh :i;k dek;k vkSj dksBh cuokbZ]


dEis'kslu nsus dk loky vkrk gS] rks ekdsZV oSY;w ls Hkh chl ijlsaVT;knk nsuk iM+rk gS vkSj nwljh rjQ gkyr ;g gS fd dksbZ ,d,dM+ tehu dk ekfyd gS] mldks tc dEis'kslu nsrs gSa rks nllky dh vkSlr ns[krs gSaA eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;g cgqr vPNk rjhdkugha gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] Hkkjrh; fo|qr la'kks/

ku fo/ks;d] 5 vxLr] 1959] i"B 686A½

tehu vf/kxzg.k djus ds fo"k; esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dknf"Vdks.k ges'kk ls gh ;g jgk gS fd mitkÅ df"k Hkwfe dks tgkard laHko gks vf/kxghr ugha fd;k tk, vkSj osLV yS.M dksvf/kxghr fd;k tk,A mUgksaus 15 ekpZ] 1951 dks vUrfje laln esafjDohth'ku dkuwu cukrs le; cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, ;g dgk Fkk&

^êSa bl ckr ij ea=h egksn; dks tksj nsdj dguk pkgrkgw¡ vkSj izkFkZuk djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd ,xzhdYpj yS.M vOoy esa tgkard gks lds] mldks NksM+ nsa] D;ksafd ogka dkQh vUu iSnk gksrk gSvkSj mlds cnys tgka rd gks lds ,xzhdYpj osLVyS.M esa ls tehuysa vkSj mitkÅ tehu dks NksM+ nsaA vkSj osLVyS.M ij tks ljdkjhpht cukuk gks] og cuk;saA ysfdu] vxj fdlh t:jr dh fcuk ijle>sa fd og ml mitkÅ ,xzhdYpj dks ugha NksM+ ldrs] rHkh og,slh tehu ij viuk gkFk j[ksa ;k Mkysa] vU;Fkk ughaA** ¼vUrfje

laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] fjDohth'ku yS.M] dUVhU;w,'ku ikWolZ vesUMeSaV

fcy] 15 ekpZ] 1951] i"B 4664A½

vf/kxzg.k ;fn df"k mit okyh tehu dks vf/kxzg.k djukvko';d gks rks mlds ,ot esa osLVyS.M ;k rks Msoyi djds ns nhtk, vFkok mlds Msoyi djus ds fy, dqN iSlk ns fn;k tk,AmUgksaus lq>ko fn;k fd&


^^mlh ds lkFk&lkFk tSlkfd ,Dohft'ku ,DV esa ntZ gS]cgqr ekewyh&lk eqvkotk nsdj dk'rdkj ls viuk iYyk NqM+kukdksbZ vPNh uhfr ugha gSA igys oDr esa tcfd gkÅl ds lkeusljdkj ftEesnkj ugha Fkh] ;g pht vxj gksrh rks vk'p;Z u FkkAysfdu] vc rks fLFkfr cny xbZ gS vkSj vkidh ljdkj bl gkÅlds izfr iw.kZr% mÙkjnk;h gSA ljdkj esjs fopkj esa ,sls vknfe;ksa dksftudks fd og fj¶;wth cuk jgh gS] mudks tc rd og is'kk u ns]ml oDr rd esjh le> esa ljdkj dks dksbZ gd ugha jgrk fdmudks fMLIysl dj nsA ns'k ds vUnj FkksM+k ugha] dkQh ,xzhdYpjosLVyS.M gS vkSj vxj ljdkj dks ml yS.M dks ysuk vko';d ghgks] ftlij fd dk'r dh tk jgh Fkh ;k gks] rks ctk; blds fdog ml tehu ds ,ot esa dk'rdkj dks :i;k nsa] og ,xzhdYpjyS.M dks Msoyi dj ns ;k tehu nsdj mruk eqvkotk vkSj ns]ftlls fd og vklkuh ls mldks Msoyi dj ldsA** ¼vUrfje laln

¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] fjDohth'ku yS.M] dUVhU;w,'ku ikWolZ vesUMeSaV fcy] 15

ekpZ] 1951] i"B 4664&65A½

ftu O;fDr;ksa dh tehu dk vf/kxzg.k dj fy;k tkrk gS]muds iquokZl ds fy, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds gn; esa ges'kk Vhljgrh FkhA mUgksaus jktuhfr esas inkiZ.k ds mijkar vius izkjafHkdthou esa gh ;g dgk Fkk&

^^,d NksVh lh ckr dguk pkgrk gw¡ fd tgka ij vki gecSBs gSa] ;gka dqN yksx vkckn Fks&25 vkSj 30 lky igys mudhatehusa ys yh xbZa Fkha vkSj cs?kj dj fn, x, FksA muesa ls cgqr lkjsvkt Hkh cs?kj gSaA tgka gekjh ljdkj dk ;g dÙkZO; gS fd tksif'pe ls tks HkkbZ vk, gSa] mudks clk;k tk, rks clkus ds fy,ftUgsa ge vHkh mtkM+saxs] mUgsa clkus ds fy, edku] tehu ;k dksbZ


nwljs is'ks dk bUrtke djsaA** lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½ cgl] iqLrd la- 7] i- 2]

6 flrEcj] 1948] i"B 1062A½

Hkkjrh; fo/kku ifj"kn esa foLFkkfirksa ds iquokZl ds fy, gksjgh cgl esa pkS/kjh lkgc us rRdkyhu ljdkj dh vk¡[k [kksyus dsfy, gh dqN rF; viuh cgl ds nkSjku laln ds lEeq[k j[ks Fks%

^^jktiqj fnYyh ds djhc gh ,d xk¡o gSA ml xk¡o esa cgqrlkjs ckxkr gSa] ftudks dVok fn;k tk,xkA D;ksafd ljdkj dhLdhe ogka ij esMhdy baLVhP;w'ku vkSj nwljs baLVhP;w'ku cukus dhgSA bl flyflys esa ogka ds yksxksa dh tehu dks ,Dok;j djus dsfy, uksfVl ns fn;k x;k gSA gkykafd blds eqdkcys esa ogka ij iklgh mu eqlyeku HkkbZ;ksa dh tehu iM+h gS] tks ikfdLrku pys x,gSa vkSj mudh tehusa rdjhcu [kkyh iM+h gSaA blds vykok dqNtehu tks jktiqj okyksa ls 25 lky igys yh xbZ Fkh] og Hkh [kkyhiM+h gSA blds vykok vkSj Hkh tehu mlds vklikl [kkyh iM+h gS]tks cs?kj gS] tksfd clkus ds dqN dke vk ldrh gSA ysfdu] irkugha fd bl rjg ls D;ksa xyrh dh tk jgh gS\** lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½

cgl] iqLrd la- 7] i- 2] 6 flrEcj] 1948] i"B 1062&63A½

viuh cgl tkjh j[krs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us lnu dslkeus ,d lq>ko is'k fd;k] ftldk lkjka'k gS fd tehu ds cnysmlh dher dh tehu fdlh cjkcj ds ;k utnhdh xk¡o esa ns nhtk,] ftlls dk'rdkj viuk dke tkjh j[k ldsA mUgksaus dgk&

^êq>s bl ckr dk nq%[k gS fd vxj ge ;g le>rs gSa fd:i;k ysdj og viuk is'kk dj ldrs gSa rks eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;gvkidk vUnkt xyr gS] og dksbZ vU; is'kk ugha dj ldrs gSaA ;giq'rksa ls dke djrs pys vk, gSa] muds cki&nknkvksa us [ksrh dh gS


vkSj og Hkh [kqn [ksrh djrs gSa vkSj dksbZ nwljk is'kk ugha djrs gSaAblfy, eSa vkils ;g dgw¡xk fd bl fcy ds vUnj tks iSls dh 'krZgS] mldks NksM+ fn;k tk, vkSj mldh ctk; ;g j[k fn;k tk,fd mldks tehu ds cnys esa mlh dher ds cjkcj dh tehu nhtk,xhA** lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½ cgl] iqLrd la- 7] i- 2] 6 flrEcj] 1948] i"B

1062&63A½

mijksDr lq>ko nsrs gq, mUgksaus vius fny dh ckr dgh fdmu catj tehuksa ds [ksrksa esa gh clklr dh tk;s] u fd df"k ;ksX;Hkwfe ijA vkius eqvkots dk ftØ djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^,d fdlku vkSj [ksrh djus okys ds ukrs eSa bl ckr dksvPNh rjg le>rk gw¡ fd tehu dk eqvkotk D;k gksrk gSA vkimldks :i;k nhft;sxk] exj mldk is'kk tks gS] og mu :i;ksa lsiwjk ugha gksxkA vxj vki mldks 100 :i;k ch?kk Hkh eqvkotk nsnsa rks Hkh mldks dksbZ eqvkotk ugha feyrk] og cs?kj gks tkrk gSAu mlds ikl edku jgrk gS vkSj u mlds ikl iSlk jgrk gSA vr%mldks tehu ds cnys tehu nsaA** ¼lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½ cgl] iqLrd la-

7] i- 2] 6 flrEcj] 1948] i"B 1063½

blh cgl esa vkxs Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius lq>ko fn;k Fkk fdfdlkuksa dks eqvkotk u nsdj tehu ds cnys mlh dher dh cjkcjtehu nh tk;sA ;g fcy esa la'kks/ku dj nsuk pkfg,A ¼o"kZ 2011esa dqN gn rd bl fo/ks;d esa la'kks/ku Hkh dj fn;s x, gSaA½

pkS/kjh lkgc us O;aX;kRed ygtss esa dgk Fkk fd dqN HkkbZmudks lu~ 1939 bZLoh ds Hkko ls eqvkotk nsus dk izLrko j[krs gSaAmudk ;g dguk Fkk fd ?kj vkt 1948 esa cukus gSa fd 1939 esa vkSjog Hkh vkt ds Hkko feysaxs ;k 1948 ds Hkko] iqjtksj vihy dh FkhA


ljdkj ges'kk fdlku dh tehu dks vf/kxzg.k djus dsckn mls tehu ds cnys tehu nsus ds i{k esa ugha gSA mls bldki{k/kj gksuk pkfg,A tgka Hkh ekSdk feyk] ogha ij viuh ckr dgh]pkgs og ljdkj ds fojks/k esa yxrh gksA o"kZ 1949 esa vkius ctVij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs le; dgk Fkk %

^^ysfdu] eSa vkidks bl flyflys esa bruh ckr dgukpkgrk gw¡ fd [ksrh djus okys ds fy, dksbZ flyk ugha gSA dgk tkldrk gS fd tc rd fd vki mldks tehu ds cnys tehu unsaA**

¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] vke ctV] 1949 ij cgl] 10 ekpZ] 1949]

i"B 152½

vkius gj ekSds ij ljdkj dks crkus dh dksf'k'k dh fdmitkÅ Hkwfe dk vf/kxzg.k ugha djuk pkfg,A ekpZ] 1951 esa,Dohft'ku vkWQ yS.M ds izLrko ds vesaMesaV ij cksyrs gq, dgkFkk fd %

^^tgka rd fcfYMax ds ,Dohft'ku dk rkYyqd gS vkSj,xzhdYpj yS.M dk ,Dohft'ku ugha gS] mlds ckjs esa eq>s cgqrdqN dguk ugha gSA ysfdu] ,xzhdYpj yS.M ds ,Dohft'ku ds ckjsesa t:j dguk gSA fnYyh vkSj vtesj esa dkQh ,xzhdYpj yS.Meq[rfyQ t:jrksa ds fy, yh tk jgh gSA ,xzhdYpj yS.M dk tks,Dohft'ku gS] tSlk fd igys vaxzst ljdkj djrh FkhA og rksblfy, Fkk fd yksxksa ds izfr ftEesnkj ugha Fkh vkSj mldk ,d gh,VhP;wM fdlh gn rd le>k tk ldrk FkkA ysfdu] ;g vQlksldh ckr gS fd oSlk gh uqDrs fuxkg vkt Hkh ekywe nsrk gSA**¼lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½ cgl] 15 ekpZ] 1951] i"B 4662&63½


vkius tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd mitkÅ tehu dks er NsfM+,Avki cksys]

^êSa bl ckr ij ea=h egksn; dks tksj nsdj dguk pkgrkgw¡ vkSj izkFkZuk djuk pkgw¡xk fd ,xzhdYpjy yS.M ;k rks vOoy esamls NksM+ ldks rks NksM+ nksA D;ksafd ogka dkQh vUu iSnk gksrk gSvkSj mlds cnys tgka rd gks lds osLV yS.M ij ljdkjh Hkou cukgS rks og cuk,aA ysfdu] fdlh t:jr dh fcuk ij og mlmitkÅ yS.M dks ugha NksM+rs rks rHkh og ,slh tehu ij viukgkFk Mkysa rks vPNk gksxkA** ¼lafo/kku ¼fo/kk;h½ cgl] 15 ekpZ] 1951] i"B

4664½

flfoy izksfltj dksM ¼vesaMesaV fcy] 1958½ ij rdZ djrsgq, yS.M ,Dohft'ku ds fo"k; esa dgk Fkk fd %

^^fiNys rhl&pkyhl o"kksZa ds nkSjku ,d fcy ikl fd;kx;k Fkk] ftldk uke yS.M ,syhfu,'ku ,DV FkkA bl dkuwu dhotg ls tehuksa dh j{kk gks ldh FkhA ysfdu] tc ge vktkn gq,rks ml dkuwu dks gVk fn;k x;k vkSj vlaoS/kkfud le>k x;kAgkykafd] lkjs dk'rdkj mls pkgrs FksA blfy, gh iatkc dsdk'rkdkjksa esa [kq'kgkyh FkhA D;ksafd] lkgwdkj fdlku dh tehudks gM+i ugha ldrk FkkA ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½]

2 ebZ] 1958] i"B 12995½

fnYyh yS.M gksfYMax ¼flfyax½ fcy ds fo"k; esa dgk Fkk fdtehusa xzg.k djus ij tks eqvkotk fn;k tkrk gS] og Bhd ugha gS%

^^ fnYyh esa cktkj Hkko ,d ,dM+ dk ik¡p gtkj :i;s gSvkSj mldk eqvkotk ;s ipkl :i;k nsaA ;s dgka rd U;k; gS\ gedgrs gSa fd lks'ky fjQkseZ ds fy, lekt ds gj vax dks dqN u


dqN dqckZuh djuh pkfg,A mlesa dksbZ ,srjkt ugha gSA bEihfj;ycSad esa tks fgLlsnkj gSa] muls Hkh dqckZuh djkbZ tk;sA vxj fgLlsdh Qsl oSY;q gh ns nh tkrh gS rks gesa f'kdk;r u gksrhA ysfdu]mldk ik¡p xq.kk ekfdZV oSY;w ds rkSjij mudks eqvkotk fn;kx;kA ysfdu] tks tehu lksuk iSnk djrh gS] tks tehu vukt iSnkdjrh gS] mldks eqvkots ds fy, tks rjhdk vf[r;kj fd;k tkjgk gSA og ml tehu ds Åij fdlh us nks gtkj dk edku cukfy;k gS rks mldh dher nks gtkj :i;s t:j feyuh pkfg,Apkgs tehu dk eqvkotk lkB :i;s gh D;ksa u gks\**

¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 ekpZ] 1960] i"B 5466&67½

tehu vf/kxzg.k ij fnYyh yS.M gksfYMax ¼flfyax½ fcyij vius fopkj j[krs gq, vkius dgk Fkk fd tehu dk eqvkotknsrs le; vkidks fo'ks"k /;ku j[kuk gksxkA

^^vki tehu ysuk pkgrs gSa rks yhft,A mlesa dksbZ ckrugha gSA ysfdu] mldk fglkc ekfdZV oSY;w ls gksuk pkfg,A**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 1 vxLr] 1960] i"B 206½

ge pkgrs gSa fd eqvkots ds ckW.M u fn;s tk,] ysfdu udnnsuk pkfg,A o"kZ 1961 esa fnYyh vcZu ,fj;k VsusaV~l fcy ds ÅijppkZ esa Hkkx ysrs le; vkius ;kn fnyk;k Fkk fd fnYyh nsgkr dsyksxksa dh tehu rks ,Dok;j dj yh tkrh gS] ysfdu mudks mltehu ds cnys tehu ugha nh tkrh gSA u gh muds fy, ?kj gSAvkius tksj nsdj dgk]

^^fnYyh 'kgj rks bruk cM+k gks x;k gS] og dqN HkkbZ;ksa dkscs?kj djds clk gSA eq>s nks pkj fnu gq;s ,d vkneh ftldhtehu 1912 esa o 1918 esa ml oDr yh xbZ Fkh vkSj dgk Fkk fd ;g


yht ij yh tk jgh gS rks mUgsa gh nh tk,xhA og 15 :i;s ,dM+yh Fkh] ysfdu vkt og tehu yht ij gS vkSj fdlh dks nh tkjgh gS vkSj og cs?kj gqvk fQjrk gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk

1957&62½] 1 ebZ] 1961] i"B 14764½

nl o"kZ ds varjky ds ckn pkS/kjh lkgc jkT; lHkk dslnL; pqus x, FksA vfirq] Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ds fo"k; dks ugha Hkwys FksAigyk ekSdk feyrs gh Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k ij cksysA mM+hlk LVsV,xzhdYpj ¼Msyhxs'ku vkWQ ikWolZ½ fcy 1973 ij cksyssA oss u dsoygfj;k.kk o iatkc vfirq Hkwfe lq/kkj ij lHkh ds fy, cksys Fks %

^^Jheku th] ge bl fcy dks ikl djds vkSj Hkwfe lq/kkjdkuwuksa dks tYn ls tYn ysdj desVh esa ikl djsaA blds vykokge iÙkksa dk Hkh jk"Vªh;dj.k dj nsaA mM+hlk ds fy, lcls t:jhckr gS fd ogka ij [ksrh dh rjDdh ds fy,] [ksrh dh iSnkokj dhrjDdh ds fy, fctyh flapkbZ o nwljs lk/ku tqVkuk Hkh cgqrvko';d gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 29

ekpZ] 1973] i"B 117½

,izksfiz,'ku fcy ua- 3 o"kZ 1973 ij cgl esa ek:fr dsdkj[kkus dh tehu dk loky vk;k mlij pkS/kjh lkgc us crk;kfd gfj;k.kk ljdkj dks fj;k;r ugha nh gSA dgk fd]

^êk:fr dh otg ls gfj;k.kk ljdkj dh tehu dks 1500:i;s ,dM+ esa ys jgs Fks fNis gkFkksa ls] ml tehu dh dher lk<+sX;kjg gtkj :i;s ,dM+ rd feyh gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh

jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] 22 vxLr] 1973] i"B 252½

;equk unh fodkl ;kstuk / 67

ifjp;

Ñf"k fodkl esa flapkbZ dh leqfpr O;oLFkk ,d izeq[k t:jrgS ftlesa ;equk unh dh Hkwfedk vge gSA blds egRo dks le>rsgq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us vius lalnh; thou ds vkjEHk esa gh blloky dks mBkuk 'kq# dj fn;k FkkA

;wa rks gfj;k.kk esa o"kZ 1894 ls rktsokyk ds LFkku ls oSLVuZtequk duky dk 13000 D;wfld ikuh flapkbZ ds fy, miyC/k jgkgS] tks dkQh ugha gSA ;g ikuh djuky] fglkj] jksgrd o fnYyhdks fn;k tkrk gSA pkgs cgqr vjls igys ls ;equk rFkk bldhlgk;d ufn;ksa ij cka/k cukus dh ;kstuk dk ftØ gksrk jgk gS]vfirq nf{k.kh gfj;k.kk rks ikuh feyus ls vkt rd oafpr jgk gSAfQj Hkh ckdh ikuh dks gfj;k.kk izkUr ds fy, izkIr djokus ds fy,;equk csflu ds fodkl dh fdlh ;kstuk ij Hkh vHkh rd Hkh dkepkyw ugha fd;k x;k gSA blds vusd dkj.k jgs gSaA

ns'k ds Lora= gksrs gh loZizFke pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us o"kZ 1948esa gh lafo/kku lHkk esa ;equk ?kkVh ds fodkl ds eqn~ns dks tksj 'kksjls mBk;k Fkk vkSj fuosnu fd;k Fkk fd ^;equk ?kkVh laLFkk* tSlk,d fcy ikl dhft,A ;g ugha gqvkA mUgksaus ;equk ij fd'kkÅcka/k ;kstuk ds fo"k; esa vkf[kjh ne rd tksj nsdj dgk Fkk] vfirq

4 ;equk unh fodkl ;kst uk


vHkh rd dksbZ lkFkZd ifj.kke ugha fudyk vkSj vkt rd Hkhfd'kkÅ MSe cukus ds fo"k; esa ppkZ tkjh gSA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us iatkc ljdkj esa flapkbZ ea=h jgrs gq,o"kZ 1963 esa fd'kkÅ MSe ;kstuk rS;kj djkdj Hkkjr ljdkj dksHksth Fkh] ftldh eatwjh dgha vVd dj jg xbZA bl ifj;kstuk dklh/kk ykHk gfj;k.kk] mÙkj izns'k vkSj fnYyh dks rks gksuk gh Fkk]vfirq] buds lkFk gh jktLFkku vkSj fgekpy izns'k dks Hkh gksuk FkkAik¡p izkUrksa ds uqek;Unksa dk fodkl ds ckjs esa ,d ,xzhesaV gqvk Fkk]tks blh v/;k; esa of.kZr gSA

vr% pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us vius le; esa ;equk ?kkVh dhfodkl ifj;kstuk dks fljs p<kus ds fy, tksj 'kksj ls iz;kl fd,A;g lc fjdkMZ dh ckr gSA tuekul dks bu lcds ckjs esa detkudkjh gSA blfy, bl v/;k; esa mDr loky dks fy;k x;k gSA


; equk unh fodkl ; kst uk

;equk unh ;equksÙkjh ls pydj gfj;k.kk esa gfFkuh dq.M dsLFkku ij izos'k djrh gSA ;gka rd 171 fdyksehVj dk jkLrk r;gks tkrk gSA ysfdu] ty dh /kkjk LoPN jgrh gSA oSls rks ;equkunh dh dqy yackbZ 1376 fdyksehVj gSA vfirq] vkxs ;equk tymruk LoPN ugha jg ikrk] ftruk fd gfFkuh dq.M rd jgrk gSAbl ckr dh fpark fiNyh 'krkCnh ds vafre n'kd rFkk bl 'krkCnhds izFke n'kd esa ljdkj dks lrkus yxh gSA ljdkj bl flyflysesa vc iz;Ru'khy Hkh gSA ;wa rks bl lQkbZ dk lokZf/kd vkSj lh/kkykHk dsUnzh; jkt/kkuh dks feyus okyk gSA D;ksafd jkt/kkuh esa ihusds ikuh ds ladV dks ;equk unh }kjk gh de fd;k tkrk gSA pkgsog oSLVuZ ;equk duky }kjk gh izkIr gksrk gksA

blh flyflys esa o"kZ 1997 bZLoh ls ysdj ;equk unh dhlQkbZ ds fy, rFkk bls iznw"k.k eqDr djus ds fy, rhu Qsl dkdk;ZØe lEiUu gks pqdk gSA ftl dke ij vHkh rd 850 djksM+:i;s [kpZ gks pqds gSaA dguk u gksxk fd ;equk unh mruh gh eSyhgS] ftruh bl dk;ZØe ls igys FkhA ikuh mruk gh tgjhyk gS]ftruk igys FkkA dke dh <+hyh j¶rkj dks ns[krs gq, loksZPpU;k;ky; dks Hkh blesa n[kyvUnkth djuh iM+hA

;equk unh dh /kkjk dks LoPN djus ds fy, ljdkj us vjcksa:i;s [kpZ fd;sA ysfdu] jgs ogh <+kd ds rhu ikrA ;wa rks vc dqN


laxBu Hkh iz;kljr gSaA ysfdu] ;g lc ukdkQh gSA dgus dks rks;equk ,D'ku Iyku ij Hkh dke gqvk] tks 1993 ls ysdj o"kZ 2003rd pykA xUns ty dh lQkbZ ds fy, 75-3 djksM+ yhVj dsty'kks/ku IykUV yxk, x,A bl ,D'ku Iyku dh vuqekfur ykxr1956 djksM+ :i;s jghA

;equk unh dh /kkjk dks vfojy vkSj fueZy cukus ds fy,fofHkUu ljdkjksa vkSj turk dks ,dtqV gksuk iM+sxkA ,slk rHkhgksxk] tc gekjs varl esa ;equk unh dh ekU;rk mlh rjg cuh jgs]tSls fd fiNyh 'krkCnh esa FkhA ge bls ;equk eS;k ekuk djrs FksAgj eghus nwj&nwj ls Luku djus bl ifo= unh esa vkrs FksA ns[kktk, rks D;k vkt dksbZ fnYyh ds LFkku ij ;equk unh esa Lukudjds ifo= gksrk gS\ D;ksafd u rks ogka ifo=rk gS vkSj u gh oglkQ lqFkjs ?kkV jgsA eFkqjk ds LFkku ij Hkh ;equk unh ds ikuh dksifo= ekuk tkrk FkkA D;k vkt dksbZ O;fDr mls fny ls ^;equkeS;k* dgrk gS\ ughaA

u dsoy /kkfeZd nf"V ls] vfirq flapkbZ dh mi;ksfxrk ds fy,;equk unh dk viuk gh LFkku gSA ;equk ?kkVh ds ikuh dks flapkbZds fy, iz;ksx djus ds fy, igys dh rjg gh vktdy ,d eqfgepyh gqbZ ] ftl ij ,d iaFk nks dkt okyh dgkor pfjrkFkZ gksrhgS % ^vke ds vke vkSj xqBfy;ksa ds nke*A

blhfy,] gfj;k.kk ds nf{k.kh Hkkx esa ugjh ikuh dh deh dkstks cgqr fnuksa ls gS] mldks iwjk djus ds fy, ;g izkstsDV pyk;ktk ldrk gSA bldk ,d dkj.k rks ;g gS fd lryqt ;equk ugjls gfj;k.kk ds fgLls dk ikuh vHkh rd ugha feyk gSA nwljk eq[;dkj.k gS fd ljdkjksa us ;equk unh ds ikuh dk fd'kkÅ cka/k ¼Vksat


unh ij] tks ;equk unh dh lgk;d unh gS½] y[kokj cka/k ¼;equkunh ij½ vkSj js.kqdk cka/k ¼fxjh unh ij] tksfd ;equk dh lgk;dunh gS½ cukdj ikuh dk flapkbZ ds fy, iz;ksx fd;k tk,A

;|fi gky gh esa fnYyh ljdkj us fgekpy izns'k ljdkj lsfxjh unh ij] js.kqdk cka/k ij 40 esxkokV dk fctyh ?kj vkSj 760D;wfld ikuh dk iz;ksx djus ckjs cka/k cukus dk djkj fd;k gSAysfdu] bl izkstSDV dks vHkh rd i;kZoj.k ea=ky; ls gjh >aMhugha feyh gSA ;equk unh esa 10 ,e,,Q ikuh o"kZHkj pyrk gS]ftldk 4-5 ,e,,Q dk iz;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA ckdh 5-50,e,,Q unh esa ;wa gh cgrk gS vkSj dbZ ckj Hkh"k.k ck<+ ykus dkdkj.k cu tkrk gSA vdsyh ;equk unh esa 7 yk[k D;wfld ikuhrktsokyk ds LFkku ij cgrk gSA ;fn rhuksa cka/k] fd'kkÅ] js.kqdkrFkk y[kokj cuk fn, x;s gksrs rks fctyh vkSj ikuh dh deh dksiwjk fd;k x;k gksrkA ¼xqM+xkao flVhtu dkaÅafly ¼jft-½ }kjk izdkf'kr

iEiysV] fnukad 26-05-2012½

dguk u gksxk fd rktsokyk ls fudyus okyh oSLVuZ tequkugj] tksfd o"kZ 1894 esa cuh Fkh] gfj;k.kk ds fy, thounkf;uh jghgSA bl ugj ls o"kZHkj 13000 D;wfld ikuh cgrk gSA ysfdu]lfnZ;ksa esa eqf'dy ls 2000 D;wfld ikuh jg tkrk gSA ;fn rhuksacka/k cu tkrs rks 3000 D;wfld ikuh vkSj izkIr gks tkrkA

;wa rks o"kZ 1993 esa Hkkjr ljdkj us gfj;k.kk] ;w-ih- vkSj fnYyhrhuksa izkUrksa ds ikuh ds fgLls dks r; dj j[kk gSSA bu rhuksa cka/kksadks cukus dk [kpZ 12000 djksM+ :i;s vkus dk vuqeku gSA

vkt ds lUnHkZ esa ;equk unh ds fodkl] lQkbZ rFkk iznw"k.keqDr vkSj flapkbZ ds fy, ge lksp fopkj dj jgs gSaA pkS/kjh j.kchj


flag us ;g lc ckrsa cgqr igys gh jk"Vªh; Lrj ij mBkbZ FkhaAmudh nwjnf'kZrk dks nkn nsuh iM+sxhA ekSdk feyrs gh igyh ckjQjojh] 1948 eas Hkk[kM+k ;equk ?kkVh fuxe dh LFkkiuk ij cgl esaHkkx ysrs gq, ;kn fnyk;k Fkk fd ihNs vaxszt ds jkt esa ;qfufuLVikVhZ 10&15 lky ls Hkk[kM+k MSe dk uke ysdj oksV gkfly djrhgSa vkSj Hkk[kM+k ugj dk ukjk yxkdj yksxksa dks cgdk j[kk gSAvkius dgk Fkk fd %

^êSa ea=h egksn; ls ;g fuosnu djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd og fojks/khny dks volj u nas fd dkaxszl flQZ bySD'ku esa jk; ysus ds fy,gh ;g LVaV [kM+k dj jgh gSA cfYd og bldks tYnh ls tYnhdk;ZØe esa ifjf.kr djsaxsA**¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 18 Qjojh] 1948] i"V 114½

mlh fnu cgl esa vkxs pydj mUgksaus ^fn;s rys va/ksjk* okyhdgkor dk gokyk fn;k vkSj tksj fn;k Fkk fd ,slk ugha gksukpkfg,A mUgksaus /;ku fnyk;k fd ns'k cnyk gSA xqykeh ls vktkngq, gSaA ysfdu vkt Hkh nhid rys va/ksjk fn[krk gSA dgk fd %

^^tSls nkeksnj oSyh dh gkyr gS] oSlh gh gkyr ;equk ?kkVhdh gSA tgka ge cSBs gSa] ogka ls ;equk xqtjrh FkhA ;gka ls ikap ehyds Qklys ij ogh gkyr ns[krs gSa] tks 'kk;n fcgkj vkSj caxky esans[kh gSA cgqr vf/kd] cM+h tehu [kkyh iM+h gS] tgka ij vPNs Qwyo lkx lCth rS;kj gks ldrs gSA gj lky ogka ij ck<+ vkus dsdkj.k fdlkuksa dks yk[kksa dk uqdlku cnkZ'r djuk iM+rk gSA**¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 18 Qjojh] 1948] i"V 115½

blh fnu cgl esa mUgksaus crk;k Fkk fd ;w-ih-] iatkc vkSjfnYyh izkarksa dks Qk;nk igqapkuk gS rks bl ;kstuk dks dsUnz ljdkj


pkyw djsA vkius Li"V 'kCnksa esa tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd %

^^cxSj fdlh foyac ds ,d ,slk fcy] ftldk uke ^;equk?kkVh laLFkk* gksxk] tYn ls tYn gekjs lkeus yk,axs---A ftruk getYn ls tYn bls ikfjr djsaxs] fdlkuksa dks cgqr vPNh gkyr esans[k ik,axsA** ¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 18 Qjojh] 1948] i"V

115½

mUgksaus iqjkus o"kksZa dh ;kn fnykrs gq, dgk Fkk fd fd'kkÅ MSeVksat unh ds Åij cuk;k tkuk Fkk] tks ;equk dh fMLVªhO;qVjh gSAmUgksaus ;kn fnyk;k fd % ^

^Mk- ds- ,y- jko dgrs Fks fd fd'kkÅ MSe] Hkk[kM+k MSe lsÅapk gksxkA og 5 lky ds vUnj cu tk,xkA vkt yxHkx 9 lkygks x, gSaaA exj ogka ij dksbZ dke 'kq: ugha gqvk gSA** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 11 vxLr] 1972] i"B 202½

pkS/kjh lkfgc us dgk eSasus MkDVj jko dks crk;k Fkk fd ftloDr fd'kkÅ MSe cu tk,xk rks fnYyh esa Hkh ;equk cM+s bykds esacgrh utj ugha vk,xhA og de bykds esa jgsxhA fQj ckdh tkstehu cpsxh] og vU; dkeksa esa ykbZ tk ldrh gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 2 ebZ] 1973] i"B 256½

;w-ih- LVsV ysftLyspj ¼Msyhxs'ku vkWQ ikWolZ½ fcy] 1973 ijcgl esa ;equk unh ?kkVh ifj;kstuk ds laca/k esa vkius 50 o"kZ igysdh ;kn fnykbZ Fkh vkSj dgk Fkk fd %


^^vki tkurs gSa fd fctyh dk cM+k Hkkjh ladV gSA fctyhiSnk gks lds blesa vkt ls 49 lky igys ¼;kfu o"kZ 1924 esa½ Mk-[kkslyk tc ,lMhvks HkrhZ gq, Fks] mUgksaus fd'kkÅ MSe dh ;kstukdh tkudkjh Hkh nh Fkh vkSj ml oDr fjiksVZ nh FkhA blfy, ;gfpark dk fo"k; gS fd vHkh rd dksbZ dke ugha gqvkA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 8 vxLr] 1973] i"B 182½

dguk u gksxk fd rhuksa LVsV viuk&viuk gd le>rh gSaAbl MSe ds fo"k; esa pkS/kjh lkgc us dVk{k ls dgk Fkk fd %

^^vkB lky chr x;s ml oDr Mk- jko us dgk Fkk fd ,dlky esa fjiksVZ ys vk,axs vkSj 5 lky esa ge bl MSe dks cuk nsaxsvkSj ;s izns'k ds fy, ,d 'kksHkk dh pht gksxk vkSj ge mudksfctyh Hkh ns ldsaxsA lHkh LVsVksa dk ikuh&fctyh dk fgLlk r;fd;k x;k FkkA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d]

8 vxLr] 1973] i"B 184½

vki :y 176 ds varxZr cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, crk jgs Fks fdgesa ikuh dh t:jr gSA ihus vkSj flapkbZ ds fy,A vkius dgkFkk %

^tokgj yky usg: izkstsDV ds vUnj ,d ;kstuk cukbZvkSj ml ;kstuk ds tfj, ge ;equk dk ikuh ftldks cgu pwM+korth dg jgh Fkh fd nfj;k esa tkdj cgrk gS vkSj og leqnz esa cgtkrk gSA ml cjlkr ds ikuh dks 400 QhV mBkdj lw[ks [ksrksa esarks Mkyuk pkgrs gSa vkSj ml ;kstuk dks ,d lky esa iwjk djukpkgrs gSa rks vki 10&15 djksM+ :i;k] ftruk gesa ns ldsa] gesa nsnsaA vkSj rkfd dke ge VkbZe ij dj ldsaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh

jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 26 uoEcj] 1974] i"B 236½


vkius ;equk unh ds fodkl ds fo"k; esa dgk Fkk fd]

^^blds vykok vc eSa dqN vius bykds ds ckjs esa Hkh dgukpkgrk gw¡A fnYyh ds ikl ls ,d unh xqtjrh gS vkSj ftlesa dkQhikuh vkrk gS] ftldk uke ;equk gSA dbZ nQk rks ;g [krjk iSnkgks tkrk gS fd dgha fnYyh Mwc u tk,A ns'k esa dbZ cM+s&cM+scka/k cuok;s tk jgs gSa vkSj dbZ lkS djksM+ :i;ksa dk mu ij [kpZgksrk gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 22 fnlEcj] 1954]

i"B 3770½

Qjojh] 1971 dks gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa ,uoy Qk;ukafl,yLVsVeSaV vkWQ gfj;k.kk bySDVªhflVh cksMZ ij fMLd'ku esa Hkkx ysrsgq, vkius fctyh ds mRiknu rFkk forj.k ds ckjs esa dgk Fkk %

^ôSLVuZ ;equk dSuky gkbZMy Ldhe dh eatwjh ds dkxtkrtksfd xoZuesaV vkWQ bf.M;k ds eqrkfcd n¶rjksa esa lQj djrs jgsgSa] os esjs VkbZe ij r; dj pqds FksA ¼tc iatkc esa eSa flapkbZ ofctyh ea=h Fkk½A vkt mudks Ng o"kZ gks x;s gSa] ijUrq vHkh rdmlds Åij dke 'kq: ugha gqvkA b/kj iatkc ds vUnj ,d ugjvij ckjh nksvkck duky gSA blds Åij dke 'kq: gks x;k gS vkSjog cuus okyh gSA**

blh cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkxs pydj dgk Fkk fd %

^^v/;{k egksn;k] vki tkurh gSa fd Hkk[kM+k MSe dh tc;kstuk cuh] ml oDr iatkc ds vUnj pkS/kjh NksVwjke ea=h gqvkdjrs FksA mUgksaus bl izkstsDV ij nL[r fd, FksA tc og cuuk 'kq:gqvk rks pkS/kjh ygjh flag ea=h gksrs FksA os Hkh jksgrd ftys ds FksA


tc iwjk le; gqvk rks eSa ea=h FkkA ysfdu] tcls ;gka xqM+xkao dsea=h vk, gSa rks ;gka loky ds tokc esa crk;k tkrk gS fd jksgrdftys ds xk¡o dks fctyh ugha nh tk ldrhA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 16

Qjojh] 1971] i"B ¼9½ 130½

rRdkyhu eq[;ea=h pkS/kjh calhyky us pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dksdgk Fkk fd vkius fd'kkÅ MSe ls feyus okys ikuh esa jktLFkku dkfgLlk eku fy;k FkkA tc vki iatkc esa flapkbZ ea=h FksA ;g ckrgfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa 5 vxLr] 1971 dks dgh FkhA bl ckr dksysdj mUgsa nq%[k gqvk vkSj vkius viuh ckr bl izdkj dgh Fkh %

^^v/;{kk egksn;] igyh ckr tks bUgksaus dgh fd vkt ikuhdk flyflyk dgka gS\ mUgksaus dgk gS fd vkt ikuh dh dehblfy, gks xbZ gS fd D;ksafd tks tequk ds Åij fd'kkÅ MSe cukukFkk] mlds vUnj eSusa jktLFkku dk fgLlk eku fy;k FkkA eq>dksle> rc vkrh fd eq[;ea=h fd'kkÅ MSe cuok nsrs vkSj mlds ckneq>ij ;g bYtke yxkrsA bldk ,d cgqr cM+k bfrgkl gSA ;equkdk tgka fd'kkÅ MSe cuuk gS] mlds ckjs esa crkrk gw¡A yxHkx1924 ds vUnj gfj;k.kk ds egku iq:"k pkS/kjh NksVwjke bDdBsiatkc ds bjhxs'ku vkSj ihMCywMh ds othj gksrs FksA ml le;mUgksaus [kkslyk lkgc dks lSUVªy okVj ,.M ikWoj deh'ku dsps;jeSu vkSj ckn esa mM+hlk ds jkT;iky Hkh cusA mudks iatkc dhrjQ ls Hkstk FkkA ;g ns[kks fd ;equk ds Åij dksbZ MSe cu ldrkgS fd ughaA mUgksaus ;g LFkku ns[kk] tgka vc fd'kkÅ MSe cuk;ktkuk gSA mUgksaus jk; nh Fkh fd ;g LFkku MSe cukus ds fy,Hkk[kM+k ls Hkh cf<+;k gSA pkyhl lky ds ckn eSaus Hkh og LFkkuns[kk] tks igkM+ ds Åij [kksnk gqvk LFkku gSA ;equk ds Åij tksMSe cusxk] og Hkk[kM+k ls Åapk cusxk**


blh cgl dks tkjh j[krs gq, vkxs dgk Fkk fd %

^^bl ckjs esa eSa FkksM+h lh tkudkjh vkSj nsuk pkgrk gw¡ rkfdmu lnL;ksa dks Hkh irk py tk,] ftudks iwjh tkudkjh ugha gSAcjlkr ds ckn ,d frgkbZ ikuh tequk dh fMLVªhC;wVjh esa vkrk gS]ftldk uke Vksat gS vkSj mudh jk; ds eqrkfcd tequk esa tks eSujhoj gS] mlds Åij MSe ugha cu ldrkA Vksat fMLVªhC;wVjh] ftlesao"kkZ _rq ds ckn ;equk dk nks frgkbZ ikuh cgrk gS] mlds Åijcu ldrk gSA mlds ckn bl flyflys esa ,d dkaÝsl cqykbZ xbZAml dkaÝsl esa ftrus eaf=;ksa dk uke fy;k x;k] mudks fgUnqLrkuds dsUnzh; ea=h us cqyk;k FkkA jktLFkku ds ea=h ds Hkh nLr[kr gq,vkSj eSaus Hkh nLr[kr fd,A**

^^bUgksaus esjs Åij tks bYtke yxk;k gS] bldh vlyh otg;gh gS fd eSaus nLr[kr fd, gSaA vc mlds eqrkfcd ikuh dk dksbZcVokjk ugha fd;k x;kA dsoy MSe cukus dk ftØ fd;k x;k FkkAxqM+xkao ugj dk Hkh ftØ fd;k x;k gSA xqM+xkaok ugj dh tksizkstSDV fjiksVZ gS] og esjs ls igys fgUnqLrku dh ljdkj dks Hkst nhxbZ FkhA bl izkstsDV ds Åij jktLFkku dh ljdkj dks fgLlsnkjhml ikuh esa ns nh xbZ FkhA**

¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 5 vxLr] 1971] i"B ¼4½ 39½

blh flyflys esa vkius vkxs pydj dgk Fkk fd %

^^v/;{k egksn;] eq[;ea=h th us esjs f[kykQ bYtke yxk;kfd eSaus jktLFkku dks fd'kkÅ MSe esa fgLlsnkj djok;k FkkA ;gckr xyr gSA jktLFkku dk fgLlk ml oDr 'kkfey gks x;k Fkk]tc xqM+xkaok dsSuky izkstsDV ds vUnj mudk fgLlk eku fy;k x;k


Fkk vkSj ;g ckr eq>ls igys ihfj;M esa gks pqdh FkhA mlds ckndsUnzh; ea=h us ;g ;dhu fnyk;k Fkk fd ;g 5 lky ds vUnj iwjkgks tk,xk] ysfdu vkt 7 lky chr x, gSa vkSj lok rhu lkyeq[;ea=h lkgc dks Hkh gfj;k.kk ljdkj dh xn~nh ij cSBs gks x;sgSa] exj ml izkstsDV dh bl oDr rd ,d bZaV Hkh ugha j[kh xbZgSA ¼'kse 'kse dh vkokt½A eSuas ,d QSlyk gfj;k.kk ds gd esadjok;k Fkk] ogka MSe cuok nhft,A vHkh rd MSe cuk ugha rks ikuhdk caVokjk dSls gks x;k\ ;g bYtke vkius esjs Åij yxkus dhdksf'k'k dh xbZ gS] ljklj xyr gSA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 5 vxLr]

1971] i"B ¼4½ 40½

nh ,uoy ,MfefuLVsªVho ,.M nh FkMZ ,uoy LVsVeSaV vkWQvdkÅaVl vkWQ nh gfj;k.kk LVsV bysDVªhlhVh cksMZ QkWj n bZ;j1969&70 dh cgl esa fgLlk ysrs gq, vkius fd'kkÅ MSe ds ckjs esadgk Fkk fd %

^^fd'kkÅ MSe] ftlds ckjs esa cM+s Hkkjh xhr xk, tkrs gSa]mlds fo"k; eas eSa dqN ckrsa crkuk pkgrk gw¡A----fd'kkÅ MSe cukukgS] ftlls fctyh iSnk gksxhA ijUrq ;gka ppkZ fdlh vkSj pht dhdj nh tkrh gSA mik/;{k egksn;k] iafMr jke/kkjh xkSM+ us bl ckrdks dgk Fkk ;k ugha] ijUrq eq>s ekywe gS fd ;equk ij tgkarktsokyk gS] ogka jSxqysVj cuk gSA tgka ls bLVuZ dSuky ;w-ih- dkstkrh gS vkSj oSLVuZ tequk duky gekjs ;gka vkrh gSA ogka lsnfj;k ij cgqr lkjh fctyh ;w-ih- ljdkj us iSnk djuh vkjEHk djnh gSA D;k bl ljdkj us bldh dHkh tkudkjh nh fd blesa gekjkHkh fgLlk gS vkSj gesa feyuk pkfg,\ mik/;{k egksn;k] ftUgksaus>.Mh yxk yh] ftUgksaus t; ds ukjs yxokus 'kq: dj fn,] mudksrks xkyh rks feysxh gh] >f.M;ka rks calhyky th us yxkbZ gSa vkSj


xkfy;ka vkSjksa dks feysaxh\** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 5 vxLr] 1971] i"B

¼4½ 119½

o"kZ 1986 esa pkS/kjh lkgc us usg: eSeksfj;y laxzkgy; ds fy,lk{kkRdkj nsrs gq, bl ;kstuk ds fo"k; esa nq%[kh eu ls dgk Fkk]

^^;equk ds Åij MSe ugha cuk gSA D;ksafd b/kj y[kuÅ dkjkt gS vkSj m/kj bykgkckn dk jkt gSA mUgsa ;equk ls D;keryc\ ;equk MSe] ftldk 1924 esa ,LVhesV gqvk Fkk] vkt rdugha cukA 63 lky gks x;s gSaA vc vxj vygnk gksrk rks ;equkMSe igys cuk gksrk] Hkk[kM+k cka/k ckn esa vkrkA ;equk MSe Hkk[kM+kls Åapk curkA** ¼lk{kkRdkj] usg: eSeksfj;y laxzkgy;] i"B 66A½

LVsVeSaV ;equk MsoyieSaV

;g loZlEefr ls ekuk tkrk gS %&

1- tequk unh ds vUnj vkxs vkus okyk ikuh jk"Vª ds fgr esa[kpkZ tk,xkA

2- ;g lcls vPNk gS fd Vksat unh rFkk fxjh unh ij tykyfMLVªhC;wVjh ij tc t:jh gks rks cka/k cuk;k tk,A

3- bl fo"k; esa izkjafHkd dk;Zokgh Vksat unh ij mÙkj izns'k dsbathfu;j djsaxsA ;fn pkgsa rks fgekpy izns'k ds bathfu;jksa dks HkhlkFk fy;k tk ldrk gSA

4- fxjh MSe dh tkap iM+rky o dk;Zokgh fgekpy izns'k dsbathfu;j djsaxsA

5- fd'kkÅ MSe dk [kpkZ mÙkj izns'k] fgekpy izns'k] iatkc]nsgyh] jktLFkku lcus lk>k djuk ekuk gSA ;g izkstsDV 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz


'kq: dj fd;k tk;sA

6- bl MSe dk Qk;nk lHkh LVsVl ds chp ckaVk tk,xk tksckn esa ,d dkaÝsl esa r; gksxkA ykxr dk :i;k tks ikuh ofctyh iSnk djus dk gksxk] og Hkh ckaV fy;k tk,xkA fgekpyizns'k vkSj mÙkj izns'k flapkbZ o fctyh izkstsDVl fodflr djsaxsA

7- tc fxjh MSe cu tk;sxk] rc miyC/k flapkbZ ds lk/kuksa dksfo'ks"k rkSjij cuk fy;k tk;sxk] 'kk;n ml le; ,d ikSaM dhvko';drk iM+sA ;fn laHko gqvk rks rktsokyk czkt dks eksMhQkbZfd;k tk, vkSj mlds Åij ,d cSjkt cuk fn;k tk;sA ;gNkuchu iatkc izkUr djsxkA

8- y[kokj vFkok ;equk uxj vkSj mlds Åij vxj LVksjstfjtoZok;j pkfg;s rks mÙkj izns'k ljdkj Nkuchu djsxhA

gLrk{kj

j.kchj flag'kkafrLo:i

okbZ- ,l- ijekjfxj/kkjh yky

ukFkwjke

¼uksV % mijksDr vuqokn dsoy lkadsfrd vuqokn gS] u fd v{kj'k%A bldk ewy

vaxszth Hkk"kk esa gS] tksfd vxys i"B ij fn;k x;k gSA½


ewy vaxszth Hkk"kk esa Mªk¶V

Statement

YAMUNA DEVELOPMENT

It was unanimously agreed that :

Further waters available in Yamuna in excess of the existingutilisations, should also be exploited in the best national interest.

For this purpose, it is considered best to contruct a damacross Tons and another across Giri above confluence and if nec-essary its tributary Jalal.

Investigations and preparation of the Project Reports andestimates for purpose of sanction and construction of the damacross Tons will be done by the Uttar Pradesh engineers. Theymay also associate the officers of the Himachal Pradesh.

Investigations and preparation of the Project Reports of thedam onGiri will be done by Himachal Pradesh.

The States of Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab,Delhi and Rajasthan, have agreed, by common consent, to sharethe cost and benefits of Kishau Dam. The States also requestedthat this dam should be taken up immediately and completed asearly as possible.

The benefits on account of the Kishau Dam, will be sharedbetween the States, as will be agreed to at a latter conference.


The cost of the share will be worked out according the benefits.The share will be in respect of water and in respect of the powerproduced at the Kishau Dam site only. For the other power de-velopments in Uttar Pradesh State, the cost will be borne by UttarPradesh, Himachal Pradesh can develop Irrigation and Powerdevelopment projects upstream of the dam unaffected by the lat-ter.

For effctive supply of water for existing irirgations, it willbecome necessary to take suitable special measures when GiriDam also is built. This may require a balancing pond either bymodifications of the barrage at Tajewala, if possible, of a barragehigher up. These investigations may be done by Punjab.

At Lakhwar or at a higher site across main Yamuna investi-gations may be done by Uttar Pradesh if any storage reserviorand any conservation on the main river is possible including siltstudies.

Sd/- Ranbir Singh

S/- Shanti Swaroop

Sd/- Y.S. Parmar

Sd/- Girdhari Lal

Sd/- Nathu Ram


izLrkfor cka/kksa dk vuqekfur js[kkfp=


ifjp;

Hkk[kM+k MSe dh Ldhe dk 'kqHkkjaHk rks o"kZ 1924 bZLoh ls ekuktkrk gSA bl dk;Z dks fljs p<+kus ds fy, ml le; dh ljdkj,M+h pksVh dk tksj yxk jgh FkhA Lora=rk izkfIr ds mijkar ;gizkstsDV iatkc ljdkj dh egRoiw.kZ ;kstukvksa esa FkkA tc HkkjrLora= gqvk rks Hkk[kM+k MSe ds izkstsDV dks iatkc izkUr ds uofufeZrrhFkZ LFkkuksa dk ntkZ fn;k x;k FkkA bl izkstsDV dks ;wa rks fiNyh'krkCnh ds rhljs n'kd esa 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA fQj nwljk fo'o;q)'kq: gks x;k vkSj lu~ 1945 esa bl izkstsDV ij gLrk{kj dj fn,x;s Fks rFkk Lora=rk izkfIr ds QkSju ckn bls vkjaHk dj fn;k x;kFkk vkSj bl ij jkr&fnu dke pykA bl izkstsDV dks jk"Vªh; Lrjij izkFkfedrk nh xbZ Fkh vkSj jk"Vªh; lEeku dk iz'u cukdj iwjkfd;k x;k FkkA

Hkk[kM+k cka/k dks cukrs le; ;g la;ksx dh ckr gS fd bl;kstuk dks QkbZuy djrs le; Hkh jksgrd ds gh jgus okys pkS/kjhNksVwjke us gLrk{kj fd, Fks vkSj bldh tc Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h }kjkuhao j[kh xbZ rc Hkh jksgrd ds gh liwr pkS/kjh ygjh flag blfoHkkx ds ea=h Fks vkSj tc bldk jk"Vª dks leiZ.k gqvk rc Hkh 22vDrwcj] 1963 dks jksgrd ds ohj liwr pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] flapkbZ

5 Hkk[kM+k cka/k

Hkk[kM+k cka/k / 85

ea=h ds in ij vklhu FksA jksgrd fuokfl;ksa ds fy, rks ;g ,degRoiw.kZ ckr gSA vktdy bldk lapkyu Hkk[kM+k&C;kl eSustesaVcksMZ }kjk fd;k tk jgk gSA foLrr tkudkjh ds fy, vkxs v/;k;if<+,A

Hkk[kMk cka/k dk Ñf"k fodkl ds {ks= esa cM+k egRo gSA pkS/kjhj.kchj flag us vius llanh; thou ds vkjEHk esa gh le> fy;k FkkvkSj fofHkUu lnuksa esa cksyrs gq, bldks tYnh iwjus ij cy fn;kAbldk fooj.k bl v/;k; esa ladfyr fd;k x;k gSA


Hkk[kM+k cka/k

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us Hkk[kM+k cka/k dk ftØ cpiu esa gh lqufy;k FkkA mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa %

^^v/;{k egksn;] Hkk[kM+k MSe dk uke geus rc ls lquuk 'kq:fd;k Fkk] tcfd ge NksVs&NksVs cPps Fks vkSj tSls rSls cM+s gksrs x;s]R;ksa&R;ksa mldk uke vkSj ftØ Hkh c<+rk x;kA vkSj tc ns'kvktkn gqvk rks Hkk[kM+k MSe cuus dk LoIu dqN iwjk gksrk fn[kkbZnsus yxk vkSj ;g vk'kk gksus yxh fd ftl ckr dks vkt rd gelqurs vk, gSa] og vey esa vk,xhA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk

1957&62½] 10 flrEcj] 1959] i"B 7603A½

blfy, os Hkk[kM+k cka/k dks iwjk gksrk ns[kuk pkgrs FksA Hkk[kM+kls lacaf/kr nLrkostksa esa jk; cgknqj daoj lsu tks Vksgkuk ¼Qrsgkckn½ds jgus okys Fks] dk uke Hkh tqM+k gqvk gSA laHkor% esu Hkk[kM+k dklekiu Hkh blhfy, Vksgkuk esa gh gqvk gSA ;wa rks 1939 esa Hkk[kM+kcka/k dk dke tYnh fljs p<+kus ds fy, Jh [kkslyk dks blifj;kstuk dk dke lkSai fn;k x;k Fkk rFkk mUgsa phQ bathfu;j Hkhcuk fn;k x;k FkkA

;fn vki vkjEHk ls ns[ksaxs rks vkidks izkjafHkd fnuksa dh ckr;kn djuh gksxhA tc Hkk[kM+k MSe dk uke 'kq: gqvk Fkk rks mloDr blds eqrkfcd ¼1947 ls iwoZ dk½ iatkc ysftLysfVo dkSafly

Hkk[kM+k cka/k / 87

esa ppkZ gqbZ Fkh vkSj cgl gqbZ FkhA mldks vxj i<+k tk;s rks vkiik;saxs fd ml oDr ;g ekuk Fkk fd iatkc dk tuwch ¼nf{k.kh½fgLlk] ftldks mu fnuksa fgUnh jhtu dgrs Fks vkSj tks nwljk lw[kkbykdk Fkk] mldks falapkbZ djus ds fy, lryqt ds vUnj ,d MSecuk;k tk,xk] rkfd ml bykds dks [kq'kgky cuk;k tk ldsA tcfgUnqLrku vktkn gqvk] tSls fd vki tkurs gSa fd MSeksØsfVdflLVe ds vUnj dbZ fdLe ds ncko iM+rs gSa vkSj tks og ncko;gka ij Hkh iM+us 'kq: gks x;s] ml MSe dh ÅapkbZ dks Hkh cnyk vkSjnwljs bykds flapkbZ djus okys MSe ij fopkj Hkh fd;k x;kA ogHkh dsoy ,d frgkbZ ikuh gh jg x;k FkkA ckdh nks fgLls dk ikuhiatkc ds nwljs bykdksa dks fn;k x;kA

Hkkjr tc x.kra= cu x;k vkSj izFke laln dk vf/kos'kuvkjaHk gqvk rks dk;ns ds vuqlkj izFke jk"Vªifr Mk- jktsUnz izlknus lacksf/kr fd;k FkkA

jk"Vªifr ds vfHkHkk"k.k ds mijkar cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq,pkS/kjh lkgc us crk;k Fkk fd fiNys fnuksa Hkk[kM+k MSe ds ckjs esaiatkc xoZuesaV ds vf/kdkjh vkSj ea=h ;gka ij ¼fnYyh½ vk, Fks vkSjmUgksaus pkSng djksM+ :i;s ekaxs FksA ugha rks cka/k dh rjDdh esack/kk iM+sxh vkSj rsth ls ugha cu ik,xk] ftl rsth ls cukuk pkgrsgSaA ;fn nsjh gqbZ rks bu¶ys'ku rks c<+sxk gh] Hkk[kM+k cka/k Hkh nsjh lscusxk vkSj ikuh tYnh ugha vk,xk vkSj vkids vukt dh deh dhleL;k tYnh nwj ugha gksxh] ftlls vkius 133&140 djksM+ :i;slkykuk cpk;s tk ldsaxsA ftl iSls dks nwljs m|ksxksa esa yxkldsaxsA ¼vUrfje laln ¼1950&52½ esa Hkk"k.k] 1 Qjojh] 1950] i"B 75A½

ekpZ] 1955 esa fMek.M Mªk¶V dh cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, mUgksaus


Hkk[kM+k cka/k dk ftØ fd;k Fkk fd ns'k dh rjDdh dh jkg esa dkaVsgSa vkSj Hkkjr ds vFkZ'kkfL=;ksa dh le> ij dVk{k fd;k FkkA mUgksausdgk Fkk] ^êq>s og tekuk ;kn gS fd tc gekjs Hkk[kM+k cka/k dsdke dks blfy, jksd fn;k x;k Fkk fd fgUnqLrku ds vFkZfoKku dstkuus okyksa dh jk; Fkh fd vxj :i;k c<+k;k x;k rks ns'k dsvUnj rckgh vk tk,xhA esjh le> esa ;g ugha vkrk fd Hkk[kM+kMSe ds cuus ls rckgh vk,xh] fd rjDdh gksxh\** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 24 ekpZ] 1955] i"B 3217½

vki ges'kk cgcwnh ds fy, cksyrs FksA Hkk[kM+k izkstsDV ij dketksjksa ls pkyw Fkk rks yksdlHkk esa fMek.M Qksj xzkUV ds fo"k; ijppkZ esa Hkkx ysrs gq, vkius Hkk[kM+k ds loky dks ugha NksM+k Fkk vkSjdgk Fkk fd]

^^vkids vkSj gekjs bykds esa Hkk[kM+k uaxy Ldhe rdjhcueqDdey gksus okyh gSA vki tkurs gSa fd ;g lryqt unh dk ikuhcgqr ls 'kgjksa vkSj xk¡o dks rckg fd;k djrk Fkk] ysfdu tksHkk[kM+k uaxy MSe cuk gS] mlls cgqr ls 'kgj o xk¡o rckgh lscpsaxs vkSj oks yksx Hkh cpsaxs] tksfd eqYd dh tehu ls dksbZ rkYyqdugha j[krs gSaA ,slh gkyr esa ;s reke dk reke :i;k vkf[kj esacSVjeSaV Qhl dh 'kDy esa fdlkuksa ls gh D;ksa fy;k tk,] mldkdqN fgLlk QyM daVªksy ;k fdlh nwljs uke ls ys ysosa\ cSVjeSaVQhl fdlkuksa dh gSA blfy, ykHk ds vuqikr ls ykbZ tkuh pkfg,A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 24 ekpZ] 1955] i"B 3217½

o"kZ 1956 esa LVsV jhvkxsZukbts'ku deh'ku cuk Fkk] ftldsfy, LVsV jhvkxsZukbZts'ku fcy] 1956 ikl fd;k x;k FkkA blflyflys esa vkius gfj;k.kk ds mu fiNM+s ftyksa ds ikuh ds fo"k;

Hkk[kM+k cka/k / 89

esa Hkk[kM+k MSe dk ftØ fd;k Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk %

^^lHkkifr egksn;] vkidks irk gS fd Hkk[kM+k MSe ftldkfd vkt nqfu;k ds vUnj cM+k 'kksj gS] eSa iwNrk gw¡ fd ;g 'kq: esatks Hkk[kM+k MSe dh tks Ldhe Fkh og fdldh HkykbZ ds fy, fudkyhxbZ Fkh vkSj vkt mldh D;k 'kDy gS\ D;k ;g lR; ugha gS fdreke dk reke ikuh gfj;k.kk ds bykdksa dks nsus ds fy, bl Ldhedk tUe gqvk FkkA ysfdu] vkt ge ns[k jgs gSa fd djhc vk/kk ikuhgfj;k.kk ds bykds ls ckgj tk;sxkA vkf[kj bldk D;k dkj.k gS\bldk dkj.k lkQ ;g ekywe iM+rk gS fd D;ksafd gekjs bykds dsyksx lnk ls ncs jgs gSa vkSj mudh dksbZ vkokt ugha Fkh vkSj mudhckr dks dksbZ lquus dks rS;kj ugha FkkA blfy, ;g pht dh xbZA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 25 viSzy] 1956] i"B 6406½

'kwxj ,DliksVZ dksjiksjs'ku vkfMZusal ,.M 'kqxj bEiksVZ izkseks'kufcy ij laln esa cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, Hkk[kM+k cka/k dh vgfe;rds fo"k; esa dgk Fkk %

^^vdsys Hkk[kM+k MSe ij flapkbZ c<+kus ds fy, 120 djksM+:i;k yx tk,xkA dqnjr dh ckr gS fd vki [ksr esa ftrukyxkuk pkgsa yxk ysa] mruk gh mlds eqrkfcd vkidks feysxkA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 26 vxLr] 1958] i"B 3010½

tgka ij dHkh Hkk[kM+k MSe dk ftØ vkrk Fkk rks pkS/kjhlkfgc pwdrs ugha FksA mUgksaus fons'k ds [kpsZ ckjs fpark FkhA ns'k esapy jgs izkstsDV Hkh /kheh pky ls py jgs FksA blfy, yksdlHkk esaHkk"k.k nsrs le; dgk Fkk %

^^bl ns'k ds vUnj lcls cM+k dke vki tkurs gSa fdgekjh LVsV ¼iatkc½ esa gks jgk FkkA ,d izkstsDV gS] ftldk uke


Hkk[kM+k MSe gS] og 140 djksM+ ls 'kq: gqvk Fkk vkSj vc 170 djksM+rd igqap x;k gSA blh izdkj ls izkstsDVksa ds [kpsZ nqxus rd gkstkrs gSaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½ 24 uoEcj] 1958]

i"B 1325½

LiyheSaVjh ekaxksa ds fo"k; esa cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, [kpsZ dsfo"k; esa fpafrr pkS/kjh lkgc us laln esa loky mBk;k Fkk fdvf/kd [kpsZ dh ekax dh xbZ gSA vkius dgk Fkk %

^êq>s fMek.M ua- 69 o 70 ds ckjs esa dqN vtZ djuk gSA blfMek.M esa lryqt O;kl vkSj jkoh ds ikuh ds bartke ds flyflysesa tks Msyhxs'ku x, gSa] muds [kpsZ dh ekax dh xbZ gSA D;ksafd ;g,d varjkZ"Vªh; ekeyk gSA blfy, ;g gkyr gS fd vxj iatkc dksbu ufn;ksa ds ikuh ds caVokjs ds ckjs esa dqN uqdlku gksus dh HkhlaHkkouk gks rks Hkh og bldks izdV djus ls Mjrk gSA** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½ 23 Qjojh] 1959] i"B 2491½

[kpsZ ds fo"k; dks gh vkxs c<+krs gq, vkius lq>ko fn;ktksfd vke turk dh tkudkjh gsrq FkkA vkius bl izdkj dgkFkk %

^^dsUnzh; ljdkj dh fefuLVjh vkWQ bjhxs'ku ,.M ikoj us,d iEQysV Niokuk pkfg,] ftlesa ugjh ikuh ds vkus dh lkjhdgkuh fy[kh gks vkSj lkjs okd~;kr ntZ gksaA ftlesa crk;k tk;s fdfdl rjg ls igys ikfdLrku ds iatkc esa vkSj fgUnqLrku ds iatkcds chp esa bl ckjs esa QSlyk gqvk Fkk] og D;k Fkk vkSj blds cknoYMZ cSad ds bl >xM+s ds chp esa vkus ds ckn D;k gqvk vkSj vcD;k iksth'ku gS\** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23 Qjojh]

1959] i"B 2492½

Hkk[kM+k cka/k / 91

vkxs pydj vkius Hkk[kM+k MSe ds ikuh ds caVokjs ds ckjsesa cM+s O;fFkr gn; ls dgk Fkk fd %

^êq>s ;g ns[kdj cM+k nq[k gksrk gS fd fnYyh ls gqDe pyrkgS fd Hkk[kM+k cka/k esa tks ikuh bDdBk fd;k x;k gS] mldks lryqtesa ikfdLrku ds bLrseky ds fy, Mky fn;k tk;s] pkgs ¼vius½iatkc dh ugjksa ds fy, ikuh dkQh gks ;k u gks\ bldh otg ;ggS fd b/kj&m/kj ls baVjus'kuy ncko iM+rs gSaA gky gh esa tksQSlyk gqvk] mlds rgr bu rhuksa nfj;kvksa dk ikuh fgUnqLrku dksfeyuk FkkA oYMZ cSad us dgk fd tgka [kM+s gSa] ogha [kM+s jg tk;savkSj mlds ckn tc ikfdLrku okys ml le>kSrs ls cSd dj x,]mlds ckn gh gesa rjDdh djus ls dbZ nQk jksdk tkrk gSA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23 Qjojh] 1959] i"B 2492½

vkius laln ds blh l= esa fQj ls ekax dh fd turk dkslwfpr fd;k tkuk pkfg, iEiysV Niokdj &iSlksa ds cankscLr ckjslwfpr fd;k tk,] rkfd iatkc ljdkj O;kl] jkoh vkSj lryqt dsikuh dk bartke dj ldsA vkius crk;k %

^^vki tkurs gSa fd ikfdLrku ljdkj d'ehj oxSjg nwljs>xM+ksa esa vnyrh&cnyrh jgrh gSA blh rjg ls ikuh ds >xM+s esaHkh vnyrh cnyrh jgrh gSA ftruk tYnh ge T;knk ls T;knk:i;k fnyk ldsaxs] mruk gh tYnh ge bl elys dk gy djkldsaxsA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23 Qjojh] 1959] i`"B

2492½

jsyos ctV dh fMek.Ml Qksj xzkUVl 1959 dh ckcr pyjgh cgl esa ml izLrko dk leFkZu djrs gq, vkius [kpkZ de djus


ds fy, Hkk[kM+k ds nwljs ikWoj gkÅl dh ;kn fnykbZ Fkh vkSj dgkFkk fd] ^

^blds fy, eSa ;g Hkh ekurk gw¡ fd tks Hkk[kM+k MSe dk tksnwljk ikWoj gkÅl gS] mldk cuuk cgqr t:jh gSA mldk tYnhls tYnh cuuk jsyos ds fgr dh ckr gSA blfy, eSa pkgwaxk fd Jhtxthou jke [kkl rkSjij Iykfuax deh'ku dks eukosa fd Hkk[kM+kMSe dk tks nwljk ikWoj gkÅl gS] og lSfd.M QkbZo bZ;j Iyku esagh cusA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 5 ekpZ 1959] i"B

4537½

fMek.M Qksj xzkaV ij cgl ds nkSjku Hkk[kM+k dks iwjk gksusds fnuksa esa vkius dgk Fkk %

^^vki tkurs gSa fd ;g lky bl rjg ls iatkc ds bfrgklesa ,d cgqr vg~e lky gksxk] tksfd vkt ls 14&15 lky igys1946 esa tks dke 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] Hkk[kM+k MSe dk og 1961 esaeqdDey gks tk,xkA fnlEcj] 1960 rd Hkk[kM+k MSe ds Åij 152djksM+ :i;s ls T;knk [kpZ gks pqdk gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh

yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 30 ekpZ] 1961] i"B 8331½

o"kZ 1949 esa lafo/kku lHkk ¼fo/kk;h½ esa vko';d vkiwfrZfo/ks;d ij cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, fdlkuksa }kjk dikl iSnk djus dselys ij fopkj djrs gq, vkius fQj ls Hkk[kM+k MSe dks 'kh?kz iwjkdjus dh ckr ij tksj fn;k Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk %

^êSa vkils iwNuk pkgrk gw¡ fd vki pkgrs gSa fd ns'k esadiM+k vkSj vukt cgqr T;knk gksA blfy, lcls igys ;g t:jhgS fd iatkc esa Hkk[kM+k cka/k dks iwjk fd;k tk,A dy Hkh eSaus bl

Hkk[kM+k cka/k / 93

ckjs esa ftØ fd;k Fkk fd bldk cuuk cgqr t:jh gSA ogka ijlqjax [kksnh tk pqdh gS vkSj og rS;kj Hkh gks xbZ gSA vxj iatkcljdkj dks :i;k ugha fn;k x;k rks bl ckr dk cgqr [krjk gSfd vxys ekSle esa og Vuy QV u tk, vkSj vxj ;g Vuy QVx bZ r ks cka/k d Hkh ugha cu l d r k gSA**¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag]

2 fnlEcj] 1949] i"B 168½

o"kZ 1949 bZLoh esa lafo/kku lHkk ¼fo/kk;h½ esa iz'uksrj dkyesa Je] [kku o ÅtkZ ea=h ls iz'u fd;k Fkk fd Hkk[kM+k cka/k rFkkukaxy ifj;kstuk ,d ls vf/kd LVsVksa dks izHkkfor djsxkA mÙkjfeyk Fkk fd %

^^;g lR; gS fd Hkk[kM+k cka/k rFkk ukaxy ifj;kstuk dkfodkl ,d ls vf/kd izns'k ,oa jkT;ksa iwohZ iatkc] ifV;kyk o iwohZiatkc izns'k rFkk chdkusj dks izHkkfor djsxk vkSj Hkkjr ljdkj iwohZiatkc ljdkj rFkk vU; ljdkjksa ds izfrfuf/k;ksa dk ,d fuxecukus ij fopkj djsxh] tks bl dk;Z esa fodkl ,oa ns[kjs[k dk;ZdjsaxsA ;|fi bldk QSlyk varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij gksxkA** ¼lafo/kku

lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] 25 flrEcj] 1949] i"B265½


ifjp;

mÙkj Hkkjr dqN ek;uksa esa ns'k ds vU; Hkkxksa ls fHkUuthou'kSyh dk isjksdkj jgk gSA mldh rgthc mlds fdlkuh is'ksesa <yh gqbZ gSA czãfud (Brahmanic) iqjksfgriaFkh jhfr&fjoktksa ls;g {ks= yEcs le; ls loZFkk eqDr FkkA mlds jhfr&fjokt blhfy,vyx fdLe ds jgs gSaA rgthc dk ;s QdZ iqjksfgr i{k dks [kyrkHkh jgk gSA lÙkk ds cy ij bls iyVus ds vusd iz;kl Hkh gksrs jgsgSaA LorU= ns'k gksus ds ckn ,slk gh dqN iz;kl fganw dksM fcy dstfj;s gqvk Fkk] ftls vUrfje laln esa is'k fd;k x;k FkkA

igys ds [k.Mksa esas ;g ns[k pqds gSa fd pkS/kjh j.kchj flagvius eu dh ckr csfgpd dgus esa vf}rh; FksA fuMj vkSj csckdAlafo/kku lHkk esa vkSj ckn esa nwljs lnuksa esa Hkh ,sls cgqr volj vk,tc fnXxt usrkvksa dh gktjh esa mUgksaus vki chrh dgus esa jÙkhHkjladksp ugha fn[kk;k] Hkys og fdlh dks ilan vk,] u vk,A blesamudk csckdhiu vf/kd >ydrk gSA

bldk ,d nwljk i{k Hkh gSA og dky Hkkjr esa turU= dkvkjfEHkd nkSj dk FkkA ml le; rd jkt dh jLlkd'kh bruh ughaf[kaph Fkh fd fopkj fHkUurk dks cSj dh nf"V ls ns[kk tkrkA foijhrer dh dqN gn rd dnz djus rFkk lgu'khyrk dk nkSj mls dg

6 t hou'kSyh dk cpko

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 95

ldrs gSaA vly esa ;g le> turU= dh vkRek gS] ftls ckn esalÙkk dh jLlkd'kh bldks efy;kesV dj nsrh gSA turU= dh blle> dks xzg.k djuk ,d riL;k gSA NksVh lh mez esa gh pkS/kjhlkfgc us turU= ds bl lkj dks vkRelkr dj lafo/kku lHkk esa[kqydj iz;ksx fd;k vkSj ckn esa vU; lnuksa esa Hkh muadk ;g y{k.kns[kus dks feyrk gSA mUgkasus vius eu dh ckr dks [kqy dj dgusds vf/kdkj dk iz;ksx fd;kA tuizfrfuf/k dh ;g ftEesnkjh Hkhcurh gS] rkfd lp lkeus vk,A

22 flrEcj] 1951 dks vUrfje laln esa fganw dksM+ ij cglpy jgh Fkh dqN lnL;ksa us vius la'kks/ku Hkh fn, gq, FksA bl fcsyij cksyrs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us tks csckdh fn[kkbZ vkSj gfj;k.kk{ks= dh viuh rgthc dks ftl vankt esa j[kk og muds fdlkuhiudh cstksM felky gSA


vUrfje laln esa dksM fcy is'k gqvkA mlij pyh cgl esa22 flrEcj] 1951 dks fgLlk ysrs gq, mUgksaus lnu ds lkeus viuhckr dqN bl vankt esa j[kh%

^êSa iafMr Bkdqj nkl HkkxZo dss la'kks/ku uEcj 420 vkSj HkV~Vth ds la'kks/ku uacj 288 dk leFkZu djus ds fy;s [kM+k gqvk gw¡AHkV~V th dk vius la'kks/ku ls vk'k; gS fd tks jhfr ;k fjokt gSa]og vxj dghsa vkids bl fgUnw dksM fcy ls VDdj [kkrs gSa] rks mlVDdj dks ,d ne ls ;g ugha eku ysuk pkfg;s fd fjokt [kRegqvk] cfYd nl lky rd mls thou ns fn;k tk;s vkSj nl lkyds ckn mls [kRe eku ysuk pkfg;sA iafMr Bkdqj nkl HkkxZo dsla'kks/ku uEcj 420 dk ;g vk'k; gS fd ftrus Hkh fjokt gksa] tksfgUnw dksM fcy ds eqrkfcd gksa] mudks [kRe eku ysuk pkfg;s vkSjtks fjokt muds vykok ckdh jgrs gSa] mudh rkdr dks ;k mudhdkuwuh rkdr dks ftUnk jgus fn;k tk;sA

esjs yk;d nksLr ikaMs th us ftl rjg ls dgk] eSa ekurk gw¡;g ckr lgh gS vkSj og cM+h larks"k fnykus okyh ckr gS fd %

fgUnw dksM fcy dk tks vlyh vk'k; Fkk] og le>k tkrk Fkkfd ;g fgUnw dksM fcy ns'k ds vUnj dqN lq/kkj djus ds fy;s ;klkekftd dqjhfr;ksa dks nwj djus ds fy;s] muesa rcnhyh djus ds

fgUnw dksM

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 97

fy;s] yk;k tk jgk gSA bl fcy dk vlj fdrus vknfe;ksa ds ÅijiM+s] ;g lkspus okyh ckr gSA tSlk fd mUgksaus dgk] eSa rks blsvukf/kdkj ps"Vk ekurk gw¡ fd bl rjg fiNys njokts ls bl ns'kds mu vknfe;ksa ij ftu ij fgUnw dksM fcy vHkh rd ykxw ughagS] mudks tcjnLrh blesa Qkalk tk jgk gSA**

,d lnL;] Jh ,-lh-'kqDyk ds Vksdus ij mUgksaus iwNk fd ogdksbZ lcwr nsa fd iatkc ds fdlh HkkbZ us vkt rd pkgs og fgUnwtkfr dk jgk gks] flD[k tkfr dk jgk gks] ;k eqlyeku tkfr dkjgk gks] ,d vkneh us Hkh dHkh bl vkokt dks cqyUn fd;k gks fdgekjs dLVejh dkuwu gS] mldks gVk fn;k tk;A mldh txg gesaeuq dk dkuwu] ;k ;kKoYD; ;k vkSj fdlh dk dkuwu gesa nhft;s\

bl ij Jh ,-lh-'kqDyk us dg fn;k fd tc i<+ fy[k tk;saxsrks mlds fy;s ekax djsaxs rks rqjUr pkS/kjh lkfgc us Vdk lk tokcnsrs gq, crk;k fd gekjs ekuuh; 'kqDyk th dks ekywe ugha gS fdgekjs iatkc izkUr esa dSls xfr'khy vkneh gq, gSa] ftUgksaus ns'k dhrkdr dks pSysat fd;k gS] tksfd eSa mudk leFkZd ugha gw¡A

mUgksaus dgk fd êSa ,dy iRuh dk leFkZd gw¡ vkSj pkgrk gw¡fd fdUgh fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa rykd dh O;oLFkk Hkh vo'; jguhpkfg;s] rkfd tc L=h] iq:"k nksuksa dks ,d lkFk jgus ls rdyhQgksrh gS] rks mUgsa ml rdyhQ ls cpkus ds fy;s dksbZ u dksbZ <+ax;k jkLrk fudkyuk pkfg;sA fdUrq dksM fcy ds tfj;s tks djus dkbjknk gS mlij mudk Li"V er Fkk fd%

^êSa ;g dgs cxSj ugha jg ldrk fd ;g ps"Vk vukf/kdkjps"Vk gSA D;ksafd] fgUnw dksM fcy ls gekjk vk'k; gksuk pkfg;s Fkkfd bl fcy ls tks lapkfyr gksrs gSa] mUgha ij ;g ykxw fd;k tk;sA


dksM fcy dks ysdj tks cgl pyh mlij viuk {kksHk izdVdjrs gq, mUgksaus dgk fd ;g esjh cnfdLerh gS fd tc ls ;gfgUnw dksM fcy dk loky vk;k] dbZ eghuksa pyk vkSj dbZ fnublds Åij yxk;s x;sA eSaus ml oDr cgqr dksf'k'k dh fd eq>sikap feuV feysa rks dqN ml ij vius fopkj izdV d:aA ysfdu]ekSdk ugha feykA os O;xz Fks fd brus egRoiw.kZ loky ij dqN dgsaA

cgl dks lgh ifjiss{; esa ykus ds fy, mUgksaus crk;k fd ;gcnfdLerh dh ckr gS fd gekjs eku lkgc cksys rks og flD[k/keZ esa Qal x;s] ctk;s blds fd lgh ckr ij vkrsA ysfdu] mUgksaus'kk;n ,slk le>k fd bl rjg mudh ckr tksjnkj gks tk;sxh ¼;kfWQj muds eu esa½ vkSj dksbZ dkj.k jgk gksxkA cgjgky eSa le>rkgw¡ fd ;g flD[k /keZ dk iz'u ugha gSA ;g iatkc izkUr Hkj dsdLVejh dkuwu dk iz'u gSA

pkS/kjh lkfgc us ml i"BHkwfe dks mdsjrs gq, fof/k eU=hMkDVj vEcsndj lkfgc dks eq[kkfrc gksrs gq, dgk fd%

^êSa fuosnu djuk pkgrk gw¡ fd ns'k ds vUnj ,sls le; esatcfd czgkzfud dk;ns dkuwuksa us lkjs ns'k vkSj lekt ds jgu&lguvkSj jhfr fjoktksa dks vius iats esa cka/k j[kk Fkk fd lkseokj dks ughatk ldrs] eaxyokj dks ugha tk ldrs vkSj 'kfuokj dks ugha tkldrs] ,sls le; esa eSa MkDVj lkgc dks crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fdiatkc dh ek'kZy tkV tkfr us] ftl tkfr ls eSa vkSj ljnkj cynsoflag] rkYyqd j[krs gSa] ml tkV tkfr us vkt rd ml czgkzfud:y ds lkeus flj ugha >qdk;kA eSa fuosnu djuk pkgrk gw¡ fdvkidh tks ;g nks phtsa ,dy iRuh vkSj rykd gSa] muds fy;sokLro esa gekjs lekt esa dksbZ T;knk fojks/k ugha gSA esjk Hkh bu

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 99

nksuksaa ls dksbZ fojks/k ugha gSA ysfdu] tks vkidk ;g <+ax vkSj rjhdkgS] mlls t:j fojks/k gSA vkt ftl rjhds ls ftl cSd Mksj ls ;g¼fcy½ c<+k gS] og dksbZ cgqr vPNk <+ax ugha gSA

;g ckr ugha gS fd eSa vius vkidks xSj fgUnw ekurk gw¡A ;gt:j ekurk gw¡A ysfdu] ;g lp ckr gS fd ge yksx dHkh fgUnwdksM ls lapkfyr ugha gq,A og gekjs Åij dHkh ykxw ugha gqvkA

mUgksaus csckd dgk %

^^vkidk ;g fopkj fd ftu yksxksa dks vki vHkh rd fnekxhrkSj ij xqyke ugha dj ik;s Fks] mudks vki ;g le>rs gSa fdfiNys njokts ls xqyke dj ysaxs rks eq>s blesa iwjk 'kd gSA* ;gtks vki 'kknh&foPNsn ds ckjs esa jhfr&fjokt ds Åij dk;nsdkuwu cukus tk jgs gSa] blesa Hkh gesa cgqr dqN erHksn gSaA blflyflys esa eSa ,d ckr crykuk pkgrk gw¡ fd fgUnqLrku ds fgUnwlekt ds vUnj fo/kok ds izfr nnZ ds uke ij cgqr lkjs lektlq/kkjdksa us ml fn'kk esa cM+h mUufr;ka dh gSaA ysfdu] cnfdLerhls gekjs lekt ds vUnj lnk ls ukStoku fo/kok vKkr jgh gSaAgekjs lekt ds vUnj ukStoku fo/kok dk uke ugha gksrkA

gekjs ;gka ;g fjokt gS fd ftl le; fdlh cfgu dkifr ej tkrk gS rks mlds ifr ds ejus ds ,d lky ckn] nksuksarjQ ds HkkbZ] tks ml cgu ds ifjtu vkSj HkkbZ gksrs gSa] og HkhbDDBk gksrs gSa vkSj tks HkkbZ ej tkrk gS] mldh rjQ ds yksx Hkh;kuh muds ifjtu vkSj HkkbZ Hkh bDDBk gksrs gSaA ogka ij ;g QSlykfd;k tkrk gS fd pkgs ml cgu dks FkksM+h cgqr 'keZ vkrh gks] tSlkfgUnw lekt esa lkjh txgksa ij gksrk gS] oSls gh gekjs ;gka Hkh FkksM+h'keZ gksrh gSA vxj og bUdkj dj ns vkSj dg ns fd tks nq%[k


Hkxoku us eq>s fn;k gS] og nq%[k eSa gh dkVwaxhA ysfdu] mldhcukoVh bPNk ds fo:) Hkh mls etcwj fd;k tkuk ;g eqefduugha gSA ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd mldk vkn'kZ vPNk gSA ysfdu]fdrus vkneh gSa tks brus Åaps vkn'kZ ij py ldrs gSa\ blds Åijgekjs lekt esa 'kd gS fd vki bl lekt ds vUnj ;g cgqr Åapkvkn'kZ dk;e djus tk jgs gSa] blls gekjs lekt esa dgha [kjkch uiSnk gks] blfy;s bl rdyhQ dks] vki bls rdyhQ ekusa ;k tksHkh ekusaA bl ckr dks eku fy;k tk;s fd tks diM+k ge Mkyrs gSa];kuh ge fdlh ds lqiqnZ djrs gSa] fookg djrs gSa] vklku rjhds ls]mldk uk'k u fd;k tk;A blfy;s eSa HkV~V lkgc dh ckr dhrkbZn djuk pkgrk FkkA vc eSa blds dkj.k dh rjQ vk jgk gw¡A

,d rjQ rks tgka vkidk dk;nk dkuwu gS] fd cguksa dhijs'kkfu;ksa dks gYdk fd;k tk;sA ftUgsa cgqr gn rd gYdk fd;kHkhA ogka gekjh cguksa dh ijs'kkfu;ksa dks vkSj rdyhQ nsg cuk;kx;k gSA og blfy;s fd vkius mudks ,d rjQ ls gd ns fn;kfd og tgka pkgsa 'kknh dj ysaA oSls Hkh ;g gksxk fd vxj dksbZxM+cM+h u gks rks vklkuh ls fjokt iM+ tk;sxk fd og nwljh txg'kknh dj ldsA ysfdu] vki bldks D;ksa Mkyrs gSa\ tks yksxf}fookg gksrs gSa rks mudh ethZ ls ugha gksrk] cfYd ncko esa etcwjhls gksrk gSA tks HkkbZ ej tkrk gS] mlds nwljs HkkbZ dks viuh bPNkds fo:) Hkh f}fookg ds fjokt dks ekuuk iM+rk gSA

Jherh nhf{kr % eSa vkils ,d ckr iwNuk pkgrh gw¡ fd D;k;g pht lgh gS fd ,d L=h gS] mlds pkj&Ng cPps gSa] mldhHkkot gS] mlds pkj&Ng cPps gSa] mu lcdks bDdBk dj fn;ktk; vkSj lkSriu jgrk gS] mlls muesa la?k"kZ ugha gksrk\ D;k ;gfl)kUr vU;k; ugha gS fd ,d L=h dks mldh bPNk ds fo:) Hkh

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 101

etcwj fd;k tk; fd og nwljs vkneh ls 'kknh djs\

loky ds tokc esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us Li"V fd;k fdiquZfookg ls vkidk eryc gS rks eSa dgwaxk fd ughaA iquZfookg HkhrHkh gks ldrk gS] ftls tkCrs esa lekt djsA ysfdu] cgqr lh cgusa,slh gksrh gSa tks bls tkfgj ugha dj ldrhaA L=h dks ejs tgka 13;k 14 fnu gq,] vkneh ;g tkfgj dj nsrk gSA ysfdu] cgusa ,slkugha dj ldrhaA D;ksafd tSlk gekjk lekt cuk gS] mlesa ,slk gksgh ugha ldrkA mls cnyus ds fy, dkQh le; pkfg;s FkkAysfdu] vxj mudh ea'kk ;g Fkh fd ,d HkkbZ gS] mlds nks rhucPps gSa] ,d mldh choh gS] nwljk HkkbZ ejus okyk gS] mlds Hkh nksrhu cPps gSa] choh gSA vxj mu yksxksa dks bDdBk dj fn;k tk;sxkrks mlls eqf'dy gksxh] fnDdr gksxhA vxj] og ;g iwNuk pkgrhgSa rks eSa bldh rjQ Hkh vk jgk gw¡A eSa ekurk gw¡ fd dksbZ vknehjkth ls nwljk fookg ugha djrk] ,d cgu Hkh etcwj gksrh gSAD;kasfd] ,d rjQ rks mls cPpksa dk I;kj gS] og mudks NksM+ ughaldrhA nks&rhu cPps gSa] vkf[kj dgka tk;sa\ og ;g Hkh ugha dgldrh fd esjh iquZfookg djus dh bPNk gSA ?kj ds nwljs yksx Hkhmu cPpksa dks NksM+ ugha ldrsA loky ;g iSnk gksrk gS fd ogvius cPpksa dks vius lkFk ys tk;sA ysfdu] ;g gekjs lekt dkfjokt gSA esjh le> esa vki dksbZ Hkh dkuwu cuk;sa] vki bls ughacny ldrsA ;g dksbZ fnYyxh dh pht ugha gSA og Lo;a bldkscny ldrs gSaA ysfdu] vki [kqn vkt bldks ugha cny ldrsA

gekjs ;gka ,d vkSj izFkk gSA ;g viuk fo'okl gS fd ,d[kkunku ftlds cPps gSa] mldk ukyk;d ls ukyk;d vkneh Hkhvius cPpksa dks nwljs [kkunku esa ugha tkus nsrk gSA blds foijhr


dksbZ vkneh bldh ps"Vk Hkh djs rks mldh ltk gekjs ;gka cM+hdM+h gS] vkt HkhA pkgs vki dg yhft;s fd gekjk lekt fiNM+kgqvk gSA mldk lq/kkjuk Hkh cM+h fnDdr dk dke gSA ysfdu] blrjg dh ckr dk urhtk gekjs ;gka vc Hkh dRy gSA vxj vki ;gpkgrs gSa fd gekjs lekt ds vUnj dRy o xkjr dh rknkn T;knkc<+sA igys ls gh iatkc dRy o xkjr ds fy;s T;knk cnuke gSAogka dkQh vkneh bl rjg ds dRy ds flyflys esa Qkalh p<+rs gSaArks] vxj vki mudh rknkn c<+kuk pkgrs gSa rks cs'kd ,d ne lstks dk;nk dkuwu pkgs ykxw dj nsaA---

eSa ;g crk jgk Fkk fd blds vUnj D;k gS fd og cgu ;krks bl ckr ij etcwj gksxh fd reke mez fo/kok cuh jgs] tSlk fdmlds lekt esa vc ls igys dHkh ugha FkkA vxj mls vius cPpksals I;kj gSA vxj cPpksa ls I;kj ugha gS rks vius cPpksa dks pksjhfNikdj jkr dks mBkdj dghaa ys tk;sA vxj dksbZ fgEer okykbalku fey x;k vkSj mlus dgk fd pyks esjs lkFk eSa ns[k ywaxknwljksa dks] rks mldk urhtk D;k gksxk\ og nqckjk fo/kok gksxh] ;kmldk enZ Qkalh ij p<+sxkA fdlh lwjr esa mldk lkSHkkX; dk;eugha jg ldrkA ;g oSls rks dkQh cM+h ckr gS vkSj Mjkouh ckrgSA ysfdu] ,d lPph ckr gSA

blds ckn lxks= fookg dh ckr gSA fdrus HkkbZ gSa vkSjfdruh cgus gSa] tks 'kgjksa esa jgrh gaS\ eSa crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd esjhbl fgUnw dksM fcy ij D;k izfrfØ;k gS\ bl lnu ds vUnj rkscgqr ls HkkbZ gSa] muesa ls cgqr cM+h la[;k mu yksxksa dh gS tks 'kgjksaesa jgrs gSaA tks 'kgjksa esa tUesa] 'kgjksa esa iys vkSj 'kgjksa ds dk;nsdkuwu vkSj rjhdksa rd gh muds fopkj lhfer gSaA muds [;ky ls'kgj dh ftUnxh esa vkSj nsgkr dh ftUnxh esa dksbZ vUrj ugha gSA

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 103

bldk mUgsa dksbZ vUnktk ugha gSaA --------fd 'kgj dh f'k{kk&nh{kkvkSj nsgkr dh f'k{kk&nh{kk ds vUnj fdruk QdZ gS\ nksuksa ds fy;svki ,d dk;nk vkSj dkuwu cukuk pkgrs gSaA esjs yk;d nksLrtkaxM+s lkgc cM+s tksj ls cksysA -----eq>s 'kd gS fd tkaxM+s lkgc'kgj okys cu x;s gSaA mudh rjQ pys x;s gSaA vc 'kgj dh ckrle>us yxs gSaA og viuh ckr dguk pkgrs gSa] viuh txg okyksadh ughaA eSa vkils vtZ dj jgk Fkk fd tc rjfc;r esa bruk QdZgS] mudh lkekftd uhfr esa vkil esa bruk erHksn gS] muds fy;s,d dk;nk vkSj dkuwu cukuk pkgrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd muds jhfrfjoktksa esa dksbZ vUrj j[kuk dksbZ ek;us ugha j[krk] ;g mudslkFk cM+k Hkkjh vU;k; gSA

,d ckr vkSj bl flyflys esa eSa dguk pkgrk gw¡] og gSlxks= fookg ds ckjs esaA gekjh cgqr lkjh cguksa dh fnYyh dsfnYyh esa gh 'kknh gksrh gSA ,d xyh ls nwljh xyh esa mudk fookggks tkrk gSA NksVs&NksVs 'kgjksa esa ftudh vkcknh nl gtkj dhgksrh gS] muesa Hkh mudk fookg ,d ?kj ls nwljs ?kj esa gks tkrk gSAmudks ;g irk ugha gS fd gekjs ;gka 'kknh dk dk;nk D;k gS\gekjs ;gka 'kknh ds fy;s de ls de 15] 20] 50 vkSj lkS ehy dkQdZ gksrk gSaA vxj viuh tkfr esa eSa vius yM+ds dh 'kknh djukpkgwa rks vius lekt ds vkt ds fjokt ds eqrkfcd eSa viuhmitkfr esa] tksfd 24 xkaoksa esa vkSj 10 ehy ds jsfM;l esa jgrh gS]mldh 'kknh ugha dj ldrkA eSa mu 24 xkaoksa esa ls fdlh xkao esavius yM+ds dh 'kknh ugha dj ldrkA ;gh ughaA mlds ckn fQjmldh tks ek¡ gS] mldh mitkfr ds tks rhl pkyhl xk¡o gSa] muesaHkh mldh 'kknh ugha gks ldrhA mlds ckn vki vkxs pfy;s tksesjh ek¡ gS] mudh mitkfr ds tks rhl pkyhl xk¡o gSa] muesa Hkh


mldh 'kknh ugha gks ldrhA bl rjg ls vklikl ds dksbZ ipklxk¡oksa esa ge 'kknh ugha dj ldrsA**

t c , d l nL; ] J h j k/ksy ky O; kl us chp esa p qVd h y sr s

gqv k d g fn ; k fd v ki Hkh r ks t kV gSa r ks p kS/kj h j . kchj fl ag

d k t okc Fkk fd eSa tkV rks gw¡A ysfdu] eSa ljnkj HkwisUnz flageku tSlk] fl[k tkV ugha gw¡A eSa vkidks dM+oh ckrsa ugha lqukukpkgrk vkSj blhfy;s] eSa ;g ugha dguk pkgrk fd esjk fjoktvPNk ;k vkidk vPNk ;k dkuwu vPNkA eSa vkids lkeus j[kukpkgrk gw¡] og vkt ds gkykr gSaA------

blh cgl esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us jhfr&uhfr dks ysdj 'kgjvkSj xkao ds chp QdZ dks crk;k fd 'kknh&fj'rs ds ekeys esa fdlrjg HkkbZpkjs dh lksp dks egRo fn;k tkrk gS ftldks njfdukjdjuk et+kd ugha gS tcfd 'kgjksa esa xyh dh xyh esa 'kknh gkstkrh gSA xkao esa ;g lEHko ugha gS vkSj u dsoy dkuwu cuk djbls iyVuk bruk vklku gS tSlk dqN HkkbZ iz;kl dj jgs gSaA

gfj;k.kk ds lkekftd thou dh cquxr rFkk mlds ekSfydlkewfgd pfj= ij jkS'kuh Mkyh vkSj crk;k fd ;gka ifjokj lektdh ,d bdkbZ ds :i esa viuk LFkku j[krk gS vkSj ;g ckr fdlrjg muds tgu esa cSBh gqbZ gS tks vkneh ds O;ogkj dks lapkfyrdjrh gSA mUgksaus ,d felky dj le>krs gq, dgk fd %

^^gekjs lekt esa -;g ns[kk tkrk gS fd ,d HkkbZ D;k djrkgS vkSj le> fy;k tkrk gS fd nwljk HkkbZ Hkh mlds lkFk gSA ;gkaij ,d HkkbZ dE;qfuLV gks ldrk gS] nwljk lks'kfyLV gks ldrk gSvkSj rhljk dkaxszlkbZV gks ldrk gSA ,d yM+dk fdlh dk Hkkjrh;tu la?k dk eSEcj gks ldrk gS vkSj mldk dk nwljk HkkbZ nwljh

? ??????? ??? ???? ?? / 105

ikVhZ dk gks ldrk gS vkSj /keZ esa Hkh vny cny gks ldrh gSAysfdu] gekjs ;gka ;g ckr cuh gqbZ gS fd vxj fdlh [kkunku esa,d vkneh dkaxszlh gks x;k rks og lkjk dquck dkaxzslh le>ktk;sxk] pkgs og gks ;k ughaA bl fdLe dh gekjs lekt esa gkyrgSA vki mls tks dqN dgsa] mUufr dgsa ;k tgkyr dgsaA** ----------

fganw dksM fcy ij gqbZ cgl esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dh csckdh/;ku nsus yk;d gSA os gfj;k.kk dh rgthc vkSj mldh lkekftdcquxr dks fdl rjg vkRelkr fd, gq, Fks] ;g c[kwch irk pyrkgSA ,d lPps tuizfrfuf/k dh rjg yksxksa dh uCt ij gkFk j[k djmlds fy, fdl rjg dke fd;k tk,] tkurs FksA


ifjp;

pkSs/kjh j.kchj flag us vius yacs lalnh; dSfj;j esa cgqr lseqn~nksa ij fopkj fofHkUu lnuksa esa j[ksA buesa pkS/kjh lkfgc dhizfrHkk dk vuqeku yxrk gSA muds eq[; fopkjksa ij rks bl iqLrdesa oxhZdj.k djds vygnk&vygnk v/;k;ksa esa dqNsd egRoiw.kZlokyksa dks fy;k x;k gSA tks fo"k; bu v/;k;ksa ds vUrxZr ughavk lds] mudk fooj.k fn;s fcuk pkS/kjh lkgc dk lkaln ds rkSjijthou ifjp; v/kwjk jg tkrkA blfy, bl v/;k; ds vUrxZrvkius ns'k dks oSyQs;j LVsV ds rkSjij dke djus ds ckjs esackj&ckj tksj fn;k] ftlesa o) Lora=rk lsukfu;ksa ds fy, lEekuiSa'ku dk fo"k; lcls egRoiw.kZ FkkA pkgs og vkids cgqr dksf'k'kdjus ds mijkar fiNyh 'krkfCn ds lkrosa n'kd esa gh eatwj fd;kx;k Fkk vkSj ns'kHkDr Lora=rk lsukfu;ksa vkSj muds cPpksa dslEeku iSa'ku vkt rd fey jgh gS] ftlesa vktkn fgUn QkSt dslSfud Hkh 'kkfey gSaA

xjhch ds dkj.k fgUnqvksa }kjk /keZ ifjorZu ij vkius tkxfriSnk dhA lcls igys 1972 esa pksjh ls cuk;s gq, dkys/ku vkSj djksadh pksjh ij ljdkj dk /;ku fnyk;k Fkk vkSj mls tCr djus dhlykg nh FkhA ;g vkidh nwjnf'kZrk FkhA cjlkr ds ikuh ckcr ml

7 fefJr

???? ? / 107

le; ds iatkc ¼gfj;k.kk½ vkSj gfj;k.kk vkSj fnYyh izkUr esa <+kalkcka/k ds yksx jktuhfr dj jgs Fks] mlesa chp&cpko djds mls gydjok;kA

blh ds lkFk&lkFk vkius vktkn fgUn lsuk ds mu lSfudvQljksa dh Hkh ljkguk dh Fkh] ftudk ykyfdys esa dksVZ ek'kZygqvk FkkA lkFk gh ;g Hkh dgk Fkk fd muds lkFk Hkkjr ljdkjvPNk O;ogkj ugha dj jgh gSA ge ;gka ij ;g dguk pkgrs gSafd Hkkjrh; lsuk esa fiNyh 'krkCnh ds vkBosa n'kd esa lHkh tkfro oxZ dh jsthesaVksa esa ls ,d&,d iyVu feyh tqyh cukbZ xbZ FkhAdkykUrj esa ;g Ldhe vlQy jgh vkSj ;g fopkj gh R;kx fn;kvkSj tks pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dk fopkj Fkk] ogh vkt rd py jgkgSA iyVusa ,d gh tkfr o oxZ ds uke ij cuha gSa vkSj cu jgh gSaA

vkius ges'kk i{kikr dk fojks/k fd;k vkSj tksj nsdj crk;kfd jksgrd dh vgfe;r dksbZ ugha feVk ldrkA gfj;k.kkfo/kkulHkk esa HkykbZ ds loky mBkus okyksa esa vki vdsys ,d rjQFks vkSj lkjk lnu ,d rjQ FkkA vkius fuMj gksdj viuknf"Vdks.k j[kkA bu lc vU; fo"k;ksa ij bl v/;k; esa mudspqfuank fopkj ladfyr fd, x;s gSaA


fefJr

osyQs;j LVsV

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us vkjdust fcy dh ckcr gks jghcgl esa Hkkx ysrs le; cPpksa ds fo"k; esa dgk Fkk %

^^geus ns”k ds vUnj osyQs;j LVsV cukus dk QSlyk fd;kgS vkSj ftlls ns'k esa osyQs;j LVsV cuus tk jgh gS] mldk lclsigys QtZ vius cPpksa dh ns[kHkky djuk gS vkSj [kkl rkSj ij mucPpksa dh] ftuds ek¡&cki u gkas] ftudk ljdkj ds flok; dksbZZns[kHkky djus okyk ugha gksA** ¼Lihpst bu yksdlHkk] 1952&57] i"B

5042½

blh cgl eas vkius ;rhe[kkuksa ds fy, /ku dh fpUrk djrsgq, dgk Fkk fd %

^^bu lc ;rhe[kkuksa dks ljdkjh rks u cuk;k tk,] cfYd ;g:i fn;k tk;s] ftlls ljdkj dh ns[kjs[k Bhd rjg ls gks ldsAgj vkneh ds fy;s ;rhe[kkus ds fy;s NwV u jgs fd og cPpksa dksfHk[kkjh cuus ij etcwj djsA tks /ku bdV~Bk gksrk gS] mldk BhdbLrseky gksA bldh ns[kjs[k ds fy, bl fdLe dh ,d vkxsZubZts'kucusA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1952&57½] 24 viSzy] 1953] i"B

5042½

???? ? / 109

cSdoMZ dE;wuhfVt ¼fjfyft;l½ izksRlkgu fcy ij cgl esaHkkx ysrs gq, vkius tksj nsdj dgk Fkk %

^^tks gLirky gSa] tc bl ns'k dk /;s; osyQs;j LVsV gS]gekjh dksf'k'k yk ,.M vkMZj LVsV ugha gSA mudks Hkh ljdkj D;ksau pyk,\ ge lc vktkn gSa] rks vktkn gksus ds ckn Hkh tc yk[kksavkneh viuk /keZ ifjorZu djrs gSa] flQZ blfy, fd mudks rkyhedh lqfo/kk ugha feyrh ;k nok nk: dh lqfo/kk,a ugha feyrh rksgekjs fy,] eSa le>rk gw¡ fd ;g ,d dyad dh ckr gSA bl dyadds Vhds dks ftruh tYnh nwj djsa] mruk gh vPNk gksxkA** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 19 Qjojh] 1960] i"B 2001&02½

laln vkSj fo/kku lHkkvksa gsrqpquko ds fy, ;ksX;rk,a

vUrfje laln esa 4 vizSy] 1950 dks pkS/kjh j.kchj flag usbl ckr dks [kkfjt dj fn;k fd vui<+ fdlh dke ds ugha gSaAmUgksaus dgk fd %

eSaus izLrko ij vkSj Jh dkeFk ds la'kks/ku ij ckj&ckjfopkj fd;k gS rFkk bl izLrko dk fojks/k djuk r; fd;k gSAfojks/k djus dk dkj.k ;g ugha gS fd eSa fdUgh ;ksX;rkvksa dks ughapkgrk gw¡A eSa ;g pkgrk gw¡ vkSj esjk ekuuk gS fd ,d lnL; dsfy, vko';d ;ksX;rk ns'k dh lsok gksuk pkfg,A bl lnu dklnL; gksus ls igys ns'k vkSj mu yksxksa dh fdlh :i esa lsok djuhpkfg,] ftudk izfrfuf/kRo og djuk pkgrk gSA fdUrq fnDdr rcgksrh gS] tc ,slh lsok dks VSLV fd;k tk, vkSj dSls tkuk tk, fdmlus lsok dh gS ;k ugha\ D;k r; djus dk vf/kdkj vnkyr dks


nsa fd fdlh us ns'k lsok ds fy, ;k yksxksa dh lsok eas dqN fd;k gS;k ugha\ eSa ugha le>rk fd ,slk djuk Bhd gksxkAfQj] 'kSf{kd ;ksX;rkvksa ds ckjs esa ;gka vusd lnL;ksa us dgk gS fdos xsztq,V gksus dh ;ksX;rk dks ugha pkgrs gSaA os pkgrs gSa fd tks ;gkalnL; cudj vk;sa] mUgas fy[kuk&i<+uk vkuk pkfg,A tgka rdfy[kus&i<+us dh ckr gS] eSa dg ldrk gw¡ fd ;gka vkus ds ckn dksbZHkh ¼lnL;½ ikap fnu ds vUnj fgUnh vklkuh ls lh[k ldrk gSA

' kSf{kd ; ksX; r k d ks fy [ kus v kSj i <+us r d l hfer d j usl s d ksbZ y kHk ugha gksx kA fQj ] bl l s v f/kd d h ekax d ks t Sl kd gsa fd eSfVªd i kl d h l hek gks r ks eSa d gw¡x k fd cgqr y ksx gSav kSj gekj s i zkUr esa r ks 10 ; k 15 l ky r d eq[ ; eU=h j gs gSa t ksu eSfVªd i kl Fks v kSj u os d Hkh Ld wy ; k d kWfy t gh x , A eSa blckj s esa l j fl d n j g; kr [ kka d k uke y s l d r k gw¡A nwl j s i zkUr ksaesa Hkh eSaus , sl s eq[ ; eU=h ns[ ksa gSa t ks u d kuwuh v Fkok MkWDVj h fo/kk esa x st q, V FksA eSaus , sl s fe=ksa d ks Hkh ns[ kk gS] ft Ugksaus u Kkuhd k d ksl Z i kl fd ; k] u , sl h fd l h nwl j h i j h{kk i kl d h gS]fd Ur q mUgksaus ns' k d k ' kkl u v PNs <+ax l s p y k; k] t ks ' kk; nd ksbZ Lukr d Hkh u p y k l d sA----

l al n d s fy , , sl s v kneh d h v ko; d r k gS t ks i z' kkl fud{ker k j [ kr k gks] cqf) j [ kr k gks] ekey s d ks t Yn l e> r k gks v kSjv fHkO; fDr d h d kcfy ; r j [ kr k gksA eSa , sl s y ksx ksa d ks t kur k gw¡]t ks d kuwu d s Lukr d gSa] , sl s Hkh t ks d kWfy t d s i zksQsl j gSa] fd Ur qv PNs l kal n l kfcr ugha gq, A , sl s y ksx Hkh gSa t ks d Hkh Ld wyugha x , A

fop kj d h ekSfy d r k d k t gka r d i z' u gS] eSa d chj d hfel ky ns l d r k gw¡] t ks l ewp s ns' k esa i z[ ; kr gSaA esj s fe= J hgql Su beke t kuuk p kgr s Fks fd v u i <+ v kneh us ns' k d ks D; kfn ; k gS\ eSa l nu l s d guk p kgr k gw¡ fd v u i <+ y ksx ksa us ns' kd ks cgqr d qN l e ) fd ; k gSA

???? ? / 111

U;wure etnwjh ¼la'kks/ku½ fo/ks;d ijvUrfje laln esa fnukad 17-8-1951 dks U;wure etnwjh

vf/kfu;e] 1948 esa la'kks/ku ij cgl gks jgh Fkh pkS/kjh j.kchj flagus tc Jfed] fo'ks"k dj [ksr etnwjksa vkSj fdlkuksa ds tk;t gddk loky mBk;kA

fcy dk leFkZu djrs gq, mUgksaus dgk fd blls dksbZbUdkj ugha dj ldrk fd ns'k ds vUnj lcls xjhc rcdk [ksretnwj vkSj nsgkr ds etnwj dk gSA-------eSa bl ckr ls Hkh vufHkKugha gw¡ fd jkT; ljdkjsa D;ksa vHkh rd bl elys dks gy ugha djik;h gSa\ -----;gka cM+s&cM+s dkj[kkuksa ds ekfyd pUn cM+s vkneh gSaaAmudh vkenuh Hkh cgqr cM+h gksrh gSA ysfdu] [ksr ds ekfydksa dktgka rd rkYyqd gS] muesa ls cgqr ls rks ,sls vkneh gSa tks [ksretnwj dh rjg gh xjhc gSaA gks ldrk gS fd dqN cMs+&cM+stehankj gksaA ysfdu] tehankjh mUewyu ds lkFk mudk rks [kkRek gksjgk gSA blds ckn NksVs&NksVs vkSj [ksr ds xjhc ekfydkas vkSj [skrds etnwjksa dk elyk jgrk gSA esjk fuosnu gS fd [ksr ds etnwjds lkFk U;k; gks] vkSj ;g cgqr t:jh Hkh gSA mldh enn dhfugk;r t:jr gSA blhfy;s] fiNyh nQk tc gkml ds lkeus,d vkSj elyk Fkk rks eSaus ml oDr dgk Fkk fd vxj jk'ku fdlhds fy, gksuk pkfg;s rks og [ksr ds etnwj ds fy, gksuk pfkg;sAD;ksafd] og lc ls xjhc gS vkSj mlds vUnj bruh rkdr ugha gSfd og [kqys cktkj esa phtksa dks [kjhn ldsA esjs ,d HkkbZ uscryk;k fd bu etnwjksa dh la[;k lkr djksM+ gSA nwljs us crk;kfd 15 djksM+ gSA esjk nkok gS fd ftu yksxksa ls budk okLrk iM+rkgS] mudh la[;k Hkh 15 djksM+ gSA tgka vkidks bu lkr ;k 15djksM+ ds fy, lkspuk gS] ogka vki nwljs 15 djksM+ ds fy, Hkh


lkspuk cUn ugha dj ldrsA----vxj vkidks mudh etnwjh r;djuh gS rks vkidks ;g Hkh r; djuk gksxk vkSj ns[kuk gksxk fd[ksr ds vUnj tks iSnkokj gksrh gS] ftls [ksr dk ekfyd [ksr dsetnwj dh enn ls iSnkokj djrk gS] mldks D;k fey+rk gS vkSjmlh ds eqrkfcd vkidks gj ,d pht dk Hkko r; djuk gksxkAvki ,slk djus ls bUdkj ugha dj ldrsA ------------

esjk ;g fopkj gS vkSj eSa lcls igys bl ckr dh odkyrdjrk gwa¡ fd ljdkj ds fy;s vDyeanh ;g gS fd ,d lky rks nwjjgk] og bl pquko ds igys gh] mudh de ls de etnwjh r; djnsA ------blfy;s Hkh pkgrk gw¡ fd vxj [ksr ds etnwj dh etnwjhr; gqbZ rks dksbZ ljdkj bl ckr ls bUdkj ugha dj ldsxh fdiSnkokj ds Hkh Hkko r; djs] rkfd blls dk'rdkj dks dqN cpldsA tgka ns'k dh uhfr cukus esa ns'k ds etnwj dk gkFk gksxk] ogkans'k dh uhfr cukus esa mu vknfe;ksa dk Hkh t:j gkFk gksxk] tkseqf'dy ls ikap ,dM+] nks ,dM+ ;k rhu ,dM+ vFkok lkr ,dM+ dsekfyd gSaA

nsgkr esa ,d dk'rdkj dh ftUnxh ds Lrj vkSj ;gkalfpoky; ds cM+s vQlj ds Lrj esa] tks 4 gtkj rd ru[okg ysrsgSa] fdruk QdZ gS\ bldk vki [kqn vUnktk yxk ldrs gSaA eSablfy;s Hkh ;g pkgrk gw¡ fd tYnh U;wure etnwjh r; gksA

blh lnu esa 14 vizSy dks foÙk fo/ks;d ij cgl esa fgLlkysrs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us [ksr etnwjksa dk i{k j[kk vkSj dgkfd dqN yksx ,slk le>rs gSa fd nsgkr ds vUnj jk'kfuax dhftEesokjh ge ugha mBk ldrs vkSj ;g ukeqefdu gSA esjk laln ls;g fuosnu gS fd bl ns'k ds vUnj lcls de ftudh vkenuh gS]os yksx nsgkr ds gfjtu vkSj nsgkr esa [ksrksa ds etnwj gSaA ftu

???? ? / 113

yksxksa dks vukt [kjhnuk iM+rk gS] muesa tks 'kgj dk etnwj gS]mldk rks osru Hkh Qkyrw gksrk gS vkSj mldks eagxkbZ HkÙkk oxSjgHkh feyrk gS] lkjh phtsa mldks feyrh gSaA vc mldks rks vuktfu;fU=r Hkko ij fn;k tkrk gSA blds foijhr] tks nsgkr dkgfjtu ;k etnwj gS mlds fy;s dqN lkspk gh ugha tkrk] ftldhfd [kjhn 'kfDr lcls de gSA

eq>s fuosnu djuk gS fd vkidks ns'k ds vUnj fu;U=.k j[kukgS rks lcls igys vkidks pkfg;s fd vki fu;U=.k dh phtsa muyksxksa dks nsa ftudh [kjhn 'kfDr lcls de gS] vkSj os gSa [ksr dsetnwj vkSj nsgkr esa jgus okys gfjtuA

nwjnf'kZrkjktk egsUnz izrki flag bLVsV ¼fjihy½ fcy ij cgl esa Hkkx

ysrs gq, vkius dgk Fkk fd ns'k esa ns'kHkDrksa ds fy, gesa mudhHkykbZ ds fy, /;ku nsuk pkfg,A vkius crk;k]

^ôSls rks ge ekurs gSa fd gj ns'koklh dks ge rkyhe nsaxsvkSj vkxs pydj gekjs iz;kl gksaxs fd gj cw<+s vkneh dks ge isa'kunsa vkSj gj chekj dk eq¶r bykt djsaxsA**

¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 25 uoEcj] 1960] i"B 1419½

mUgksaus cw<+s ns'kHkDrksa dh [kLrkgkykr ij [ksn O;Dr djrs gq,dgk Fkk fd mudks isa'ku t:j feyuh pkfg,] ftldk urhtk ;ggqvk fd mudks LVsV xoZuesaV vkSj dsUnzh; ljdkj esa isa'ku nsuh'kq: dh Fkh tks vkt rd fey jgh gSA vkius dgk Fkk %

^^;s tks cw<+s ns'kHkDr gSa] budh vkt cgqr cqjh gkyr gSA eSapkgrk gw¡ fd ipkl lky ds Åij ds lkjs cw<+s ns'kHkDrksa ds ckjs esaljdkj ;g QSlyk djs fd mudks isaa'ku nh tk,xh vkSj og isa'ku


mudks rcrd feysxh] tc rd os ftUnk jgsaxsA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 25 uoEcj] 1960] i"B 1420½

fpYMªut vkWQ ikWfyfVdy lQjtZ fo"k; ij cksyrs gq, lkQ'kCnksa esa vkius psrk;k Fkk %

^^êSa tkuuk pkgrk gw¡ fd ljdkj ds jkLrs esa D;k eqf'dy gStksfd jktuhfrd ihfM+rksa ipkl o"kZ ls T;knk vk;q ds gSa] ftudsikl dksbZ vkftfodk ugha gS] mudks isa'ku D;ksa ugha nh tk ldrh\D;k otg gS fd jktuhfrd ihfM+rksa ds cPpksa dks VSDuhdy rkyhevkSj othQs ugha fn, tk ldrs\ dkSu lh vkids jkLrs esa fnDdrsgSa\^* ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 23 fnlEcj] 1960] i"B

7454½

foi{kh lkaln dk jksyekpZ] 1977 bZLoh esa eksjkjth nslkbZ iz/kkuea=h cu x, FksA

dkaxszl ikVhZ foi{kh ny cu x;k FkkA jkT;lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchjflag foi{kh ny ds miusrk FksA turk ikVhZ ds foÙkea=h FksA 'kklucny x;k FkkA bl cnyko ds ckn pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us viusigys Hkk"k.k esa dgk Fkk %

^^^tc m/kj cSBrk Fkk rc Hkh dgk djrk Fkk] tgka rd gekjsfoÙk ea=ky; dk lEca/k gS] mldh lksp cnyus dh vko';drk gSSAgekjs ns'k us ekuk gS fd gedks ns'k esa lektoknh] vkfFkZd <+kaps dksykuk gSA ysfdu] vHkh rd foÙk ea=ky; fiNys rhl lky ls vkSjvkt Hkh mlh pDdj esa gS] ftldk edsZVkbZy bdkWukWeh dgrs gSaAvkt Hkh dkaxszl ikVhZ us turk ikVhZ dks tks jkt fn;k gS] og fdruketcwr gkyr esa fn;k gS] ;g ns[kus dh ckr gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 30 ekpZ] 1973] i"B 146&147½

???? ? / 115

/;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckr gS fd pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us igys ghHkk"k.k esa turk ikVhZ dh gqdwer dks psrk;k Fkk vkSj crk;k Fkk %

^^vki Hkh bfErgku esa vkus okys gSa] tc gedks ekurs gSa fdge bErgku esa ikl ugha gq, gSa] rks vkidks Hkh ns'k ns[ksxk fd vkidSls bErgku esa ikl gksrs gSa\** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk

1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 30 ekpZ] 1973] i"B 150½

blh Hkk"k.k ds nkSjku vkius vkxs pydj dgk Fkk] ^

^vc vkidh ljdkj f[kpM+h dh ljdkj gSA ;g lalkjvkSj Hkkjr ns'k ns[ksxk&ge pkgrs gSa fd dqflZ;ksa ds Hkw[ks ugha gSaAysfdu ;gka dqflZ;ksa ds Hkw[ks vkil esa yM+rs gSa vkSj ;g vkus okykbfrgkl crk,xk&fdlkuksa dh ckr djus okys xzkeh.k&vFkZO;oLFkketcwr djus okys fdrus dke;kc gksrs gSaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh

jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 30 ekpZ] 1973] i"B 151½

jkT;lHkk esa ftl le; 24 Qjojh] 1978 dks izhQsafl;y,xzhesaV Vw ohdj lsD'ku ds eqn~ns ij cgl gks jgh Fkh] mlesaxekZxehZ gks xbZ FkhA ftlesa r- t;ukjk;.k ckj&ckj izFke jk"VªifrjktsUnz izlkn ds }kjk viuk er nsus dh ckr ij vM+s gq, FksA rcpkS/kjh lkgc us igys rks ;g dgk Fkk fd ekuuh; lnL; ughatkurs rks mudh ckr eku ysa] tks ogka gkftj FksA fQj mudks viuhckr le>kus ds fy, ;g QVdkj yxkrs gq, crk;k fd %

^êSa rks ftl oDr] ;g jktuhfr esa iSnk Hkh ugha gqvk Fkk]ml oDr vaxzsth dk xsztq,V Fkk vkSj 31 o"kZ gks x, gSaA yksdlHkk]jkT;lHkk dkaLVhP;w;aV vlSEcyh rFkk fo/kkulHkkvksa esa jgk gw¡A eSalkr lnuksa dk lnL; jgk gw¡A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk

1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 24 Qjojh 1978] i"B 164½


lsuk rFkk vktkn fgUn lsuk

vktkn fgan QkSt ds ckjs esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag ds fopkjLi"V FksA vUrfje laln esa cgl esa fgLlk ysrs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchjflag us 7 Qjojh] 1950 dks vkbZ-,u-, dk iz'u mBk;k vkSj dgk%

^^bf.M;u us'kuy vkehZ fdlh vkehZ ls de ugha FkhA ysfdu]muds lkFk esa] eSa ;g rks ugha dgrk fd crkZo cgqr T;knk [kjkcfd;k x;k] ysfdu bruk vPNk Hkh ugha fd;k x;k ftruk vPNkcrkZo muds lkFk djuk pkfg, Fkk**A vUrfje laln okn&fookn] i"B

304 -

o"kZ 1986 esa ,d lk{kkRdkj ds le; vkius vktkn fgUn QkStdh dqckZuh dks ljkgkA vkidk dguk Fkk %

^^ysfdu] ljnkj Hkxr flag vkfn dh dqckZuh ls xkao ds,d&,d vkneh fgUnw] eqlyeku] flD[k vkSj bZlkbZ ds fny esans'kHkfDr rFkk tks'k dh Hkkouk cuhA blh rjg ls vktkn fgUnQkSt dh tks dqckZuh gqbZ] mlus bl ns'k esa ,d mRlkg ls Hkjkok;qe.My iSnk fd;kA** ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] usg: Lekjd

laxzky; vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr] 1986] i"B 68½

blh lk{kkRdkj ds nkSjku vkius Li"V 'kCnksa esa dgk %

^^vktkn fgUn QkSt us tks dke fd;k] mldk cgqr cM+k vljgqvkA og tks ^Vªk;y* ;gka ykyfdys esa gqvk] mlls tkss ljdkjheqykft;r Fkk] ftrus yksx QkSt esa Fks] mu lcds fny esa ,dcxkor iSnk gqbZA** ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] usg: Lekjd laxzky;

vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr] 1986] i"B 39½

blh fcy ds lk{kkRdkj esa vkxs pydj ekuk Fkk fd]

???? ? / 117

^^,d rjg ls ;g Bhd gS fd QkSt ls thrdj geus ns'kdks vktkn ugha fd;kA ml rjg dh gkj thr rks ugha gqbZA gesarks 'kkafr ls lÙkk dk gLrk{kj.k fd;kA vktkn fgUn QkSt us tksyM+kbZ yM+h vkSj vktkn fgUn QkSt ij tks eqdnek pyk] mlls ns'kesa cgqr tkxfr gqbZA** ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] usg: Lekjd laxzky;

vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr] 1986] i"B 55½

vkius nsgyh fMoyiesaV ¼,esaMesaV½ fcy] 1976 ij cgl esaHkkx ysrs gq,&IykV ,ykVesaV djus ds fy, izkFkfedrk nsus dh ckrdgh] ogka ij tujy 'kkguokt [kka dk Hkh ftØ fd;k vkSj crk;kfd dqN le; igys og ykyfdys eas eqykfte cus [kM+s Fks ¼vkbZ,u,Vªk;y½ vkSj ;g irk ugha Fkk fd xksyh ds f'kdkj gksaxs ;k ughaA blckr ij vkius dgk Fkk]

^ftu HkkbZ;ksa us tsy dkVh gS vkSj QkSt ds vUnj yM+s] vktknfgUn QkSt esa viuh tku dk tksf[ke mBk;k] og HkkbZ fnYyh esaMhMh, ls dksbZ edku ekaxs ;k IykV ekaxs rks mudks izkFkfedrk nsuhpkfg,A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 15 tuojh]

1976] i"B 308½

lSfudksa ds fy, muds gn; esa izkjEHk ls Vhl Fkh vkSj mUgksauslafo/kku lHkk esa iz'uksÙkj dky esa Hkkx ysrs gq,] j{kkea=h ls lh/kkiz'u fd;k Fkk fd 27 Qjojh] 1946 dks flxuy dksj dh 2 VhcVkfy;u esa tcyiqj esa dqN deZpkfj;ksa us fczVsujkt ds fo:) ,dfojks/k izn'kZu esa fgLlk fy;k Fkk vkSj bl ckjs esa dqN lSfudksa dkssdk;ZeqDr dj fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj vkxs ljdkjh ukSdjh ds fy,v;ksX; ?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;k FkkA D;k ljdkj bu eklweksa dksnks"keqDr djsxh ;k ugha\ j{kkea=h us mÙkj fn;k Fkk %


^^27 Qjojh] dks tcyiqj esa fczfV'k jkt ds fo:) dksbZfefJr fuf'pr fojks/k xks"Bh ugha FkhA ;|fi dqN flxyu deZpkfj;ksa}kjk viuh lSU; f'kdk;rksa lEca/kh ,d cxkor t:j dh xbZ Fkh]tks [kkus esa dHkh Hkh /k"V jk'ku tSls xqM+] vkVk] [kkuk lEcU/khf'kdk;rsa] t:j fd lkFk tks Fkh :ih rFkk ns[kjs[k ,oa vkxeu dslk/kuksa dh deh vkfn;ksa ysdj cxkor dh xbZ Fkh] bu ckfx;ksa esa ls17 dk dksVZek'kZy] 27 dks iz'kklfud rkSjij cj[kkLr rFkk 62 dkslsok eqDr dj fn;k x;k FkkA vktrd ljdkj us Hkh mUgsa ukSdfj;ksads fy, v;ksX; ekuk gS vkSj muij bls izfrcU/k dks nwj ugha djjgh gSA**

¼lafo/kku lHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag]] 9 viSzy] 1948 i"B 204½

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag Lora= Hkkjr esa lcls igys 1952 esa gksusokys vke pquko ds fo"k; ij cgl esa Hkkx ys jgs FksA pquko esafjVfuZax vQlj ds yxkus dh ckr py jgh FkhA mUgksaus dgkfd %

^^ljdkjh vQljku dks fjVfuZax vQlj yxk;k tk,A ysfdu]og ljdkjh vQljku flfoy ds ugha gksa] cfYd fefyVªh ds gksaA &fefyVªh vQljku dks fjVfuZax vQlj yxk;k tk,A vxj mudksbl dke ds fy, yxk;k tk,xk rks bysD'ku Bhd <+ax ls gksxkAblds T;knk pkafll gksasxs fd QkSt ds vUnj mudh e;kZnk ;kjsiqVs'ku ds vUnj pyuk fl[kk;k tkrk gS vkSj mudks fMlhiysu dsvUnj jgdj dke djus dh vknr gSA dk;ns dkuwu dks rksM+rs gq,os cgqr ?kcjkrs gSaA Hkys gh vki izkbZtsfMax vQlj flfoy ls yxkysaA ysfdu fjVfuZax vQlj fefyVªh dk gksuk pkfg,A** ¼varfje laln

¼lalnh; cgl½] 15 ebZ] 1951] i"B 8768½

???? ? / 119

dkyk/ku

VSDls'ku ykW ¼veS.MesaV½ fcy 1972 ij jkT;lHkk esa cglesa Hkkx ysrs gq,] vkius dkys /ku vkSj djksa dh pksjh ds fo"k; esa Li"VrkSjij dgk Fkk fd %

^^tgka rd dkys /ku vkSj djksa dh pksjh dk laca/k gS] fdlh dksmuds lkFk gennhZ ugha gks ldrh] tksfd dkyk /ku j[krs gSa ;kdjksa dh pksjh djrs gSaA ysfdu bl ns'k ds vUnj lekt dk ,dcgqr cM+k vax gS] cgqr cM+k fgLlk gS] tksfd tk;nkn dks [kjhnrscsprs gSaA ysfdu u gh os djksa dh pksjh djrs gSa vkSj u gh muds ikldkyk /ku gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 23

vxLr] 1972] i"B 225½

ifCyds'ku vkWQ iksfyfVdy ikVhZ ,dkÅaVl fcy ij jkT;lHkkesa ;kn fnyk;k Fkk fd ns'k esa dkyk/ku viuh izdkj dk ,d /ku gSAdgk Fkk fd %

^^tks geus lafo/kku cuk;k Fkk] mlds vUnj lkjh ckrksas dkslkspk Fkk fd dkSu lh ckr py ldrh gS ;k ugha py ldrhAmldks Hkh lkspk FkkA mn~ns'; cgqr vPNk gS firEcj nkl th dkAysfdu] og py ugha ldrkA vHkh 'kd tkfgj fd;k tkrk gS fdtks fons'k ls iSlk vkrk gS] og fy[kk tk,xk ;k ugha fy[kk tk,xkAfons'k dh ckr vki dgka djrs gSa\ vki rks ;g dgrs gSa] ;gka ijnks fdLe dh djSalh gS] ns'k ds vUnj nks fdLe dk :i;k pyrk gS],d pksjh dk iSlk dkyk /ku vkSj ,d lQsn /ku pyrk gSA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 24 uoEcj] 1972] i`"B

178½

okfyUV;jh fMLDykstj mudk bUde ,.M oSY;w fcy 1976 ij


cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, pkS/kjh lkgc us xgjkbZ ls bl fcUnw ij fopkjdjrs gq, dgk Fkk %

^^;g Hkh dgk tkrk gS fd dkyk/ku blfy, bDdBk gksrkgS fd D;ksafd 97 ijlsaV VSDl yxrk gS] tks cM+s&cM+s dkj[kkusnkjgSa] ogka ij ,Dlkbt Mw;wVh ds baLisDVlZ vkSj LVsV iqfyl cSBh jgrhgS] D;ksafd ogka ls dkyk/ku fudy ugha ldrk gS] rks mlesadkyk/ku curk gS vkSj dkyk/ku rHkh curk gS] tc dkj[kkusnkjxyr <+ax ls O;kikj djrs gSa vkSj lkeku dks vius fj'rsnkjksa ds iklj[krs gSaA eSa bl ckr dks ekurk gw¡ fd fgUnqLrku esa dkyk/ku iSnkgksus ds dbZ rjhds gSaA ysfdu] ljdkj us bl laca/k esa tks uhfrcnyh gS] mlds ifj.kkeLo:i dkQh dkyk/ku ckgj vk;k gS vkSjyksxksa us viuh lEifr ds vkadM+s fn, gSaA**

¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks] 22 tuojh]

1976] i"B 192&93½

ck<+ dk izdksi

jkT;lHkk esa csrok fjoj cksMZ ¼vesaVesaV½ fcy] 1977 ijcgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq,] vkius ck<+ ds izdksi dh vksj /;ku fnykus gsrqdgk %

^êSa vkifÙk djrk gw¡ fd bl fo/ks;d ds baVªksM~;wl djus dkmudks dksbZ vf/kdkj ugha gSA ;s QkSt dh enn ysdj <+kalk cka/k dksÅapk djds jksgrd ftys dks] tks lsuk dks lcls T;knk vUu nsrkgS] Mqcks jgs gSaA jksgrd ftys dks ysd dgrs gSaa rks eSa vkifÙk djrkgw¡ fd bl fdLe dk fo/ks;d is'k djsA blfy, eSa bldkfojks/k djrk gw¡A** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks]

9 vxLr] 1977] i"B 37½

???? ? / 121

mlh fnu ;kuh fd 9 vxLr] 1977 dks gh] vkxs cksyrs gq, ;gckr fQj ls nksgjkbZ vkSj gfj;k.kk ds fgrksa ij dgk Fkk %

êa=h egksn; us <+kalk ls ysdj <+kalk ysd tSlh dksbZ phtugha gS] ogka xkao clrs gSa gfj;k.kk dsA ns'k dh j{kk ds fy, blgfj;k.kk ds gtkjksa tokuksa us dqckZuh nh] vQljksa us dqckZuh nhAQkSt dh enn ysdj blh gfj;k.kk dks Mqcksus dh ljdkj dhdksf'k'k dh ftldk lgh bykt gks ldrk gS] og bUgksaus ughafd;kA ;g ckr gfj;k.kk ds fgrksa ds f[kykQ FkhA ogka ij tksjsxqysVj Fkk] mlesa ls 6 gtkj D;wfVDl ikuh tkrk gS] ysfdu mlesavk,xk gh 6 gtkj D;wfldl ikuh NksM+ fn;k tkrk rks de ikuhbDdBk gksrk] ,slk u djus dk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd cgqr ls xk¡oksaesa ck< vk xbZA lsaVªy dSfcusV esa gfj;k.kk dk dksbZ Hkh uqekbUnkugha gS] ftl rjg ls fdlh O;fDr dk dksbZ okyhokfjl ugha gksrkrks mls dksbZ ugha iwNrkA ;g turk dh ljdkj gfj;k.kk dk Hkykugha dj ldrhA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&nks]

9 vxLr] 1977] i"B 226&27½

'kkL=h th ls vafre eqykdkr

ckr o"kZ 1965 dh gS tc Hkkjr ikd ;q) cUn gks x;k FkkAbu fnuksa fgUnh fjtuy desVh dh cSBd gqbZ FkhA eSaus viuk fopkjj[krs gq, dg fn;k Fkk fd blls rks vPNk gks fd iatkc dk caVokjkgh gks tk,A ;g ckr eSaus dkejsM jkefd'ku dks dgh FkhA D;ksafdeSa gfj;k.kk izkUr cuus ds gd esa Fkk vkSj gfj;k.kk ds uqekbUnksa esalcls lhfu;j Hkh FkkA jkefd'ku th us esjs fopkj ilan ugha fd,AeSusa dgk Bhd gS fd ge ,sls gSa ftudk dksbZ jktuSfrd fopkj ughagSA blh ckr ij dkejsM jkefd'ku us esjh f'kdk;r yky cgknqj


'kkL=h tc iz/kkuea=h Fks] dj nh FkhA os rk'kdUn tk jgs FksA

^êSa tc gokbZ vM~Ms ij feyus ds fy, x;k rks os esjs ls dgusyxs HkkbZ] vkidk iatkc ds ckjs esa D;k [k;ky gS\ eSaus muls dgkFkk 'kkL=h th [k;ky dh ckr NksfM+,A ge rks ikVhZ ds oQknkjflikgh gSaA vki gedks crk,a fd vkidh D;k jk; gS\ vki tksdgsaxs] pkgs gedks mlesa jktuhfrd uqdlku gks ;k Qk;nk gks] ogge ekusaxsA viuh jk; ekuus ds fy, ge ikVhZ dk fu;e ugharksM+saxsA ijUrq viuh futh jk; t:j crk;saxsA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fdvPNk rks fQj eSa okfil vkdj ckr d:axkA fQj os rks Hkxoku dksI;kjs gks x,A okfil vkdj ckr ugha gqbZA** ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchjflag] usg: Lekjd laxzky; vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr]

1986] i"B 63½

gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa

lSfudksa ds fo"k; esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us viuh Hkkouk,afny dh xgjkbZ;ksa ls lnu esa j[kus esa dksbZ dksj dlj ugha mBkj[khA vly esa os lsuk o lSfudksa dh dqckZfu;ksa dh dnz djrs FksAgfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa 15 tqykbZ] 1968 dks fczxsfM;j j.kflag dsLihdj ds pquko mijkar mudks c/kkbzZ nsrs le; pkS/kjh j.kchj flagus lsuk ds tokuksa vkSj mudha 'kgknr ds fo"k; esa ftØ fd;k Fkk]

^^gfj;k.kk ds cgknqj flikfg;ksa us vkSj cgknqj vQljksa usgekjs ns'k dh j{kk djus ds fy, ges'kk vkxs jgdj viuk gkFkcVk;k vkSj gfj;k.kk izkUr dk uke Åapk fd;kA gekjs cgqr lstoku ftuesa] vkids vius lqiq= Hkh Fks] ns'k dh j{kk fgeky; dsÅaps igkM+ksa ij djrs Hkxoku dks I;kjs gq,A gfj;k.kk ds cgknqjtokuksa us gekjs ns'k dh j{kk dhA ;gh dkj.k gS fd mu lcdh

???? ? / 123

izfr"Bk dks dk;e j[kus ds fy, bl lnu ds ckdh rtqcZsdkjlnL;ksa dks NksM+dj gekjs ny us vkidks v/;{k in ds fy, pqukAeSa rks lksprk Fkk fd tc eq[;ea=h vkidk uke is'k djsaxs rks jkofcjsUnz flag th tks gekjs fojks/kh ny ds usrk gSa vkSj QkSth vQljHkh jgs gSa] bldh rkbZn djus ds fy, [kM+s gksasxsA eSa QkSth tokuksavkSj vQljksa dh Hkkoukvksa dks c[kwch le>rk gw¡A eSa QkSth rks ughajgk] ysfdu] QkSth vQlj dk cki vkSj QkSth vQlj dk nksgrkt:j gw¡A ysfdu] Lihdj lkgc vki rks QkSth vQlj jgs gSa]blfy, jko lkgc dks vkidk leFkZu rks djuk gh pkfg, FkkA**

vkius vkxs pydj dgk Fkk fd %

^êSa mEehn djrk gw¡ fd blls gekjs lnu dk dke 'kkafrls pysxk vkSj ftl rjg ls gekjs QkSth vQljku vkSj tokuksa usfgUnwLrku ds vUnj gfj;k.kk dk uke jks'ku fd;k gS] mlh rjg ;gvlsEcyh viuk uke jks'ku djsxhA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 15 tqykbZ]

1968] i"B ¼1½ 9½

i{kikr fojks/kh

pkS/kjh lkgc i{kikr ds ?kksj fojks/kh FksA mUgksaus o"kZ 1970 dhlIyheSUVªh xzkUV~l ¼QLVZ baLVkyesaV½ ds Åij py jgh cgl esa Hkkxysrs gq, dgk Fkk fd jksgrd ftys ds cVokjs esa vykVesaV vkWQQ.M~l ds fo"k; esa i{kikr gks jgk gSA mUgksaus dgk Fkk %

^î{kikr dh bruh gn ugha gksuh pkfg,A jksgrd gfj;k.kkdk ,d vge ftyk gS vkSj jgsxk HkhA jksgrd dh vgfe;r dksdksbZ feVk ugha ldrk vkSj dksbZ lksprk gS rks og xyrh ij gSA eSa;g ugha dgrk fd fglkj] djuky] thUn o xqM+xkao dh rjDdh udjksA vki fiNM+s gq, bykdksa ds vUnj T;knk ls T;knk iSlk [kpZ


djksA ysfdu] i{kikr u djksA ;fn eSa pkgrk] tc eSa fefuLVj Fkkrks eSa vius bykds dks fiNM+s bykdksa dh lwph esa 'kkfey djokldrk FkkA ysfdu] eSa D;ksafd i{kikr ugha pkgrk Fkk] blfy, ,slkugha fd;kA**

¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 26 vxLr 1970] i"B ¼2½ 174½

fny dk nnZ

Hkkjr dh igyh vkSj nwljh yksdlHkk ds nl o"kZ rdlnL; jgsA cgqr dke ugha gq,A ;g mudks [kyrk FkkA yksdlHkklnL; ds ukrs ml le; dh iatkc ljdkj de /;ku nsrh FkhAvke turk esas ;g Hkze Fkk fd pkS/kjh lkfgc yksxksa dh de ijokgdjrs gSaA ysfdu] pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ;g ckr rc dgh Fkh] tcos gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk ds lnL; Fks vkSj blls iwoZ 1962 ls 1966rd iatkc esa ea=h jgsA Qjojh] 1970 esa mUgksaus ftØ fd;k fd eq>scM+s&cM+s bathfu;jksa ds lkFk dke djus dk ekSdk feyk vkSj mUgksaus,slh dqN ckrsa crkbZ fd gSjkuh gqbZA mUgksaus dgk%

^^,d ckr eSaus vthc ikbZ ] og ;g gS fd os lSVvi ds lkFkcnyrs gSaA tc eSa fefuLVj cuk ¼gfj;k.kk cuus ls iwoZ½ rks eSaus ns[kkfd yksdlHkk ds eSEcj dh gSfl;r ls eSaus tks dksbZ fpB~Bh fy[kh Fkh]mlij Hkh vc vkdj ,D'ku 'kq: gks x;kA tcfd igys ik¡p ;knl lky esa dksbZ ,D'ku ugha fy;k x;k FkkA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk]

20 Qjojh] 1970] i"B ¼6½ 90½

eq[;ea=h ls uksad>ksad

gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dqN vf/kd lokyiwNrs utj vk,A 9 Qjojh] 1971 dks ,d iz'u dk mÙkj ljdkj

???? ? / 125

ls ugha cu iM+ jgk FkkA ml le; ds eq[;ea=h us dgk] ^^nwljseSEcj Hkh cSBs gSaA ,d gh eSEcj rks ugha gS] gkÅl esa Lihdj lkgcA**

bl ij pkS/kjh lkgc us iyVokj fd;k vkSj dgk Fkk fd] ^^v/;{k egksn;] ;g esjk ,d fizfoyst gS] ftldks eq[;ea=h th nckugha ldrsA ;s [kke[kkg mdlkrs gSaA ftruk eq>dks NsM+saxs] mrukT;knk eSa budks [kjkc d:axkA** ¼lnu esa galh dk ekgkSyA½¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 9 Qjojh] 1971] i"B ¼2½ 9½

16 Qjojh] 1971 dks nh gfj;k.kk ,izksfiz;'ku fcy ij cglds nkSjku lnu dk /;ku dqN vkadM+ksa dh vksj fnykuk pkgrs FksAmlh nkSjku ,d lnL; us pqVdh yh vkSj dg fn;k fd]

^^,d vkokt% pkS/kjh lkgc] vkadM+ksa dks NksM+ks] D;k j[kk gSbuesa\**

vkius iyVokj djrs gq, mÙkj fn;k %

^êSa [kku lkgc rks ugha gw¡ tks vkadM+kas dks NksM+ nwaA esjk ukepkS/kjh j.kchj flag gSA** ¼fo?u½A os lHkh vkadM+s is'k fd, vkSj dgkfd^^mik/;{k egksn;] vkidks ;g tkudj rkTtqc gksxk fd gekjkdke fdl rjg pyrk gSA fiNys lky 1970&71 ds vUnj tks geusdtsZ fy,] og 50 djksM+ 65 yk[k :i;s ds Fks vkSj tks dtZ okfilfd;k] og 39 djksM+ 33 yk[k dk Fkk ¼C;kt½A bldk eryc ;ggS fd vaxwBk rks geus 50 djksM+ 33 yk[k ij yxk;k] ysfdu gesanjvly feyk 11 djksM+A**

blh flyflys esa mUgksaus vkxs pydj dgk fd lu~ 1971&72dk fglkc Hkh yxkdj ns[kks] tks bl izdkj gS %

^^gedks njvly] tks feysxk] og 18 djksM+ ds yxHkx


feysxk] tcfd geus fiNys lky 11-52 djksM+ feyk FkkA vxj ;ghj¶rkj pyrh jgh rks dHkh ,slh gkyr vk tk,xh fd ge vaxwBk rksyxk,axs] exj iSlk gedks ugha feysxkA ;g cM+h xaHkhjrk ls lkspusokyh ckr gSA** ¼gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk] 16 Qjojh] 1971] i"B ¼9½ 11½

,izksfiz;s'ku ua- 5 fcy] 1972 ij jkT; lHkk dh ppkZ esa Hkkxysrs le; Jh txnh'k izlkn ;kno pkS/kjh lkgc dks chp&chp esaNsM+rs jgrs FksA pkS/kjh lkgc tc cksy jgs Fks rks VkbZe cSy ct iM+hrks txnh'k izlkn us dgk %

^^gks x;k] gks x;k cSfB;sA**

bl oDr rd pkS/kjh lkgc rax vk pqds Fks] mUgksaus dgk]^^vki tSls cSBkus okys fdrus vk, vkSj fdrus pys x, vkSj

pys tk,axsA vkidks rks eSa tkurk gw¡A eSa fdlh lnL; ds ckjs esa dqNugha dgrkA** mUgsa ;gka rd dguk iM+k fd] ^^tjk lquks! D;ksa xykQkM+rs gks\* ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 4

fnlEcj] 1972] i"B 216&218½

jkT;lHkk esa bl izdkj ls uoy fd'kksj us] tks izk;% migklmM+kus esa ;dhu j[krs Fks] pkS/kjh lkgc dks fnekx dh f[kM+dh[kksyus dh ckr dgh rks pkS/kjh lkgc us dgk fd ge rks xzstq,V gSa];fn f[kM+dh [kksyuh gS rks viuh [kksfy,] ftlls gesa [kq'kh gksxhAge vkids fy, gkSok gSaA uoy fd'kksj dk lkFk nsrs gq, yksdukFkfeJ us tkuuk pkgk fd dkSu lh ;wfuoflZVh ds xsztw,V gksA pkS/kjhlkgc us rikd ls dgk %

^^fnYyh dk vkSj vxj pkgsa rks lky Hkh crk nwaA ftl le;vki ukVd fd;k djrs Fks] ml le; esa ogka ukVd djkrk FkkA vc

???? ? / 127

vkius 'kq: fd;k gSA ml dke esa eSa cgqr T;knk vkxs gw¡A** ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 15 fnlEcj] 1972] i"B 166½

iatkc fo/kkulHkk esa tc :y 34 ds rgr ck<+ dh fLFkfr ijcksy jgs Fks rks vkius ck<+ ihfM+rksa ds fo"k; esa ftu lnL;ksa us Hkkxfy;k Fkk muds izfr lgkuqHkwfr izdV djrs gq, vius xk¡o dh fLFkfrdk c;ku bl izdkj ls fd;k Fkk %

^êSaus rks ck<+ksa dks cpiu ls gh ns[kk gS vkSj vius xk¡o dkscpiu ls ysdj vkt rd nlksa nQk tthjk curs ns[kk gS vkSj bllky Hkh og tthjk cukA esjs gYds ds 75 Qhlnh xk¡o ,sls gSa]ftuij ck<+ dk cgqr cqjk vlj iM+k gSA bldk vki [kqn vanktkyxk ldrs gSa fd bu ck<+ksa dh rdyhQ esjs fny ds vUnj fdruhgks ldrh gS vkSj fdruh gSA** ¼iatkc fo/kkulHkk] 26 flrEcj] 1963] ¼13½

114½

vkius vius Hkk"k.k esa mu lc yksxksa dh ljkguk dh] ftUgksausml d"V ds le; esa lgk;rk dh Fkh] pkgs Hkkjr ljdkj ds Åapsvf/kdkjh Fks vFkok iatkc ljdkj ds bathfu;j FksA vkius dgkFkk %

^êSa crkuk pkgrk gw¡ fd gekjs lSUVªy okVj ,.M ikWoj deh'ku dsps;jeSu vkSj phQ bathfu;j ,llh vkSj nwljs deZpkjh bl dke esalrdZ jgs gSa vkSj cjkcj pDdj yxkrs jgs gSaA eSa mu lcdk 'kqfØ;kvnk djuk pkgrk gw¡A eq>s ekywe gS fd dbZ ,fD'k;u vkSj ,lhtvkSj Msªu ds cSad ij gh dbZ&dbZ jkr lks;s gSaA nwljs deZpkfj;kas dkrks dguk gh D;k gSA**¼iatkc fo/kkulHkk] 26 flrEcj] 1963] ¼13½ 114&115½


lafo/kku lHkk

Hkkjr ds foHkktu ls iwoZ tc lafo/kku lHkk dk xBu gqvkrks lnL;ksa dh la[;k 389 FkhA buesa ls 292 lnL; fczfV'k bf.M;kls Fks] tksfd 25 deh'kufj;ksa ds vUrxZr vkrs FksA blds vykok 4lnL; phQ deh'kuj izkUrksa ds Fks vkSj 'ks"k lnL; ns'kh fj;klrksads FksA blds ckjs esa ;g dgk x;k Fkk fd bUgsa dksbZ gVk ughaldrk FkkA foHkktu ds mijkUr tc iatkc] caxky o vle dkcaVokjk gqvk] mu lwcksa ds lnL;ksa dk pquko nksckjk fd;k x;k FkkAD;ksafd] muesa ls dqN rks ikfdLrku pys x, FksA

bl lnu ds ckjs esa pkS/kjh lkfgc ,d nwljh fnypLi ckrcrkrs gSa fd tc lafo/kku lHkk dk dke [kRe gqvk rks ;g lHkk^lk;ukMkbZ ,MtuZ* gqbZ FkhA bls ^fMtksYo* ugha fd;k x;k FkkAgekjs ,d lkFkh rks vkt rd Hkh ;g ekurs gSa fd ge yksx vktHkh lafo/kku lHkk ds lnL; gSaA vHkh Hkh tc gesa Lihdj dh dksbZfpB~Bh vkrh gS rks ,Dl eSEcj ugha fy[krs gSa] cfYd eSEcj]dkaLVhP;w,aV vlSEcyh vkWQ bf.M;k fy[krs gSaA mudks njvlycnyk ugha tk ldrkA og u fgUnqLrku ds voke dh cl dh ckrgS vkSj u dkaxzsl ikVhZ ds cl dh ckr FkhA ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchjflag] usg: Lekjd laxzky; vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr]

1986] i"B 52&53½

lafo/kku lHkk ds lHkkifr Hkkjr ds iz/kkuea=h ugha gksrs Fks]cfYd dkaxzsl ds iz/kku gksrs FksA vkpk;Z diykuh mu fnuksa dkaxszlds iz/kku FksA foHkktu ds ckn tc iatkc dk nksckjk pquko gqvk rkstks gfj;k.kk gS] mlds dqN usrk vkpk;Z diykuh ls feys vkSj dgkFkk fd gekjh uqek;Unxh de gS] gekjk vkSj uqek;Unk gksuk pkfg,Avkius crk;k fd %

???? ? / 129

^^dikykuh dks tjk dVk{k djus dh vknr FkhaA vkpk;Zdiykuh us dgk Fkk fd ;gka rks dqN vknfe;ksa dh pyrh gSA ;gogh vkneh Fks tks Mªkf¶aVx desVh ds lnL; FksA tks gekjs ns'k dsusrk Fks ljnkj iVsy] ia- tokgj yky usg:] dsfcusV ds Hkh lkjsvkneh------A mUgksaus dgk fd ckdh rks lc x/ks gSa] rqe Hkh viuk dksbZx/kk ca/kok ldrs gks rks ca/kok yksA** bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] usg:

Lekjd laxzky; vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr] 1986] i"B

52&53½

fo'ks"kK

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag xzkeh.k ifjos'k ls FkssA xzkeh.k os'k&Hkw"kkFkhA lh/ks&lkns LokHkko ds FksA cseryc dk fn[kkok mudh izofr lsckgj dh ckr FkhA fdUrq tgka vkRelEekuh fdlku Fks ogka viusfopkj ij Hkjkslk Hkh iDdk Fkk vkSj oDr iM+us ij dg Hkh nsrs FksA

vUrfje laln esa 23 Qjojh 1951 dks fjtoZ cSad la'kks/ku fcy

ij ppkZ gks jgh FkhA blesa Hkkx ys jgs FksA viuh ckr lekIr djrs

gq, tks dgk og xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk ij muds utfj;s dh lVhd

>yd nsrk gSA mUgksaus dgk%

^êSa lnu dk T;knk le; ugha ysuk pkgrkA ea=h egksn;]

foÙk ds cgqr cM+s fo'ks"kK gSa vkSj esjh gj ,d ckr dks tkudkj u

ekurs gq, galh esa Vky nsrs gSaA ;g Bhd gks ldrk gS fd eSa mu tSlk

fo'ks"kK ugha gw¡A ysfdu] esjk ;g nkok t:j gS fd tks fgUnqLrku

esa vius dks fo'ks"kK dgrs gSa] og 'kk;n fdlh vkS|ksfxd jkT; ds

fy, fo'ks"kK gksaA ysfdu] gekjs ns'k ds fy;s og dgka rd fo'ks"kK

gSa] blesa eq>s 'kd gSA**


24 ekpZ] 1975 dh ckr gS tc jkT;lHkk esa ,izksfiz,'ku fcyij cgl gks jgh FkhA ;g lka; ikap cts ds ckn dk le; FkkApkS/kjh j.kchj flag us blds gd esa cgqr nsj rd viuh ckr dghvkSj foi{k ij dVk{k djrs gq, vkadM+s Hkh is'k fd, FksA

bl Lihp dks lqudj Jh ,e-th- xksjs us dgk Fkk fd %

"We have heard a wonderful speech on the appropria-tion Bill." ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 24 ekpZ]

1975] i"B 132½

22 fnlEcj] 1973 ds fnu ,izksfiz;lu fcy] 1973] ua- 4 o 5ij jkT; lHkk esa cgl py jgh FkhA mlesa Hkkx ysrs le; tcpkS/kjh j.kchj flag [kM+s gq, rks Jh Hkwis'k xqIrk us dgk Fkk]

'Sole speaker of the Congress Party now a days, goon and ....' ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 22

fnlEcj] 1973] i"B 61½

27 uoEcj] 1974 ds fnu fjtoZ cSad vkWQ bf.M;k ¼veSUMeSaUV½fcy] 1974 ij jkT; lHkk esa gks jgh ppkZ esa Hkkx ysrs le; pkS/kjhlkgc us cgqr ls vkadM+ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k FkkA Lihp lekIr gksrs gh

8 #rck

? ??? / 131

ml le; dh foÙk foHkkx dh fMIVh fefuLVj Jherh lq'khykjksgrxh us dgk Fkk %

^êkU;oj eSa igys c/kkbZ nwaxh] ekuuh; lnL; dksA mUgksausfjtoZ cSad ds foekx dh ckr dghA os vius fnekx esa bruhbUQjes'ku dk fjtoZ j[krs gSa fd oDr] csoDr tc Hkh t:jr gksrhgS vius Kku ls lkjs lnu dks ykHkkfUor dj nsrs gSaA** ¼lalnh; cgl

¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 27 uoEcj] 1974] i"B 166½

25 tqykbZ] 1975 dks datosZ'ku vkWQ Qksjsu ,Dlpsat ,.Mfizosa'ku vkWQ Lefyax ,fDVhfoVht ¼veSUMeSaUV½ fcy] 1975 ij jkT;lHkk esa ppkZ ds nkSjku Hkkx ysrs gq, pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us uktk;trjhds ls tk;nkn cukus okys yksxksa dh ml tk;nkn dks tCr djfy;k tkuk pkfg,& ;g lykg foÙk ea=ky; dks ns jgs FksA vafreyach Lihp ds ckn rRdkyhu fefuLVj vkWQ LVsV foÙk ea=ky; ¼vcjk"Vªifr½ Jh iz.ko eq[kthZ us dgk Fkk &

"I am greatful to the Honorable member (ChaudhryRanbir Singh) fourceful arguments, but unfortunately neiatheram I to bring socialsm through this piece legislation nore amI responsible for land ceilings and all these things. The onlyrelavent point with which I am concerned is, he has men-tioned particularly about some officers of Rohtak. I wouldlike to have the details. If he can kindly give it to me. I wouldlook in to it regarding attachment of property or confisceation. I have allready explant what steps we are goint to take."The bill was passed. ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d]

25 tqykbZ] 1975] i"B 84½


15 fnlEcj] 1972] bUdokjh bu Vw nh ,DVhfofVt vkWQQkWjsau buVSyhtSal ,tsaflat ds fo"k; ij jkT; lHkk esa ppkZ gks jghFkhA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ml ppkZ esa c<+p<+dj Hkkx fy;kA cs'kdmudks NsM+[kkuh djds Jh uoy fd'kksj }kjk migkl Hkh mM+kus dkiz;kl fd;k x;kA blds fy, uoy fd'kksj dk lkFk yksdukFk feJus Hkh fn;kA vkidks de i<+kfy[kk Hkh le>k x;k vkSj dgk x;kAysfdu var esa ml le; ds fefuLVj vkWQ gkse vQs;lZ Jh jkefuokl fe/kkZ us mudh ppkZ dks ljkgk Fkk vkSj dgk Fkk fd %

Sir, I have listened with great care the speeches madeby the Honorable members today....The speech of ChaudhryRanbir singh gave the most devastating reply to some of theargunments advanced during the course of debate." ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh jkT;lHkk 1972&78½] Hkkx&,d] 15 fnlEcj] 1972] i"B 170½

15 ekpZ] 1961 ds fnu tujy ctV dh cgl esa fgLlk ysrsgq, NksVs cM+s dkj[kkusnkjksa dh ckr gks jgh FkhA os lektoknh uhfrdh ljkguk dj jgs FksA mUgksaus crk;k fd jksgrd esa ck<+ dk cgqrikuh vk;k gS vkSj fnYyh gksrs gq, tequk unh esa pyk;k tkrk gS]bldk ftØ djrs gq, crk jgs Fks fd iatkc ljdkj us ,d djksM+:i;k [kpZ djds cnjks ¼Mªsu½ [kksnus dk QSlyk fd;k gSA lkFk gh;g Hkh dg fn;k fd fnYyh vkSj jktLFkku ds lkFkh fctyh ysukpkgrs gSa] ihus dk ikuh ysuk pkgrs gSa] ysfdu cjlkr dk ikuhfnYyh vkSj jktLFkku esa ugha vkus nsuk pkgrsA chp esa pqVdh ysrsgq, uoy izHkkdj us dgk Fkk fd fnYyh dks Mqcksus ds fy, ugha vkukpkfg,A pkS/kjh lkgc us mÙkj fn;k Fkk vkSj >V ls dgk Fkk] ^cnjksdk ikuh ge pkbZuk esa rks Hkst ugha ldrsA eq>s ;g dguk gS fdge fnYyh ,MfefuLVsª'ku dks bruk T;knk iSlk ns nsrs gSa fd blds

? ??? / 133

lkFk&lkFk vPNk O;ogkj djrs gSaA vkt mudks bruk ekSdk ughansuk pkfg, fd vkt og gekjh rjDdh ds jkLrs esa [kMs+ gksaA ¼lalnh;

cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 15 ekpZ] 1961] i"B 5193½

etnwjksa dks mfpr osru ij

U;wure osru ¼la'kks/ku½ fcy ij yksdlHkk esa cgl dsnkSjku vkius tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd dke djus okyksa dks mfpretnwjh feyuh pkfg,A vxj og Qkyrw dke djrk gS rks mls D;ksau Qkyrw etnwjh feys\ vkius dgk Fkk fd %

^^ftl rjg lSUVªy xoZuesaV viuh txg ij gS] jkT;ljdkjsa viuh txg ij gSaA mlh izdkj ls uxjikfydk,a vkSj ftykcksMZ Hkh viuh txg ij ogha dke dj jgs gSaA vxj ljdkj dkdksbZ fgLlk vius etnwjksa dks mfpr etnwjh ugha nsrk rks og vPNhckr ugha gSA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 fnlEcj]

1959] i"B 4738½

;wa rks gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk esa izk;% iz'uksÙkjdky esa dHkh ughaf>>ds vkSj [kqys iz'u fd;k djrs FksA ysfdu] dHkh dHkh rksvglkl gksrk Fkk fd ekuksa os fojks/kh i{k dh Hkwfedk Hkh fuHkk jgs gSaA,d fnu eq[;ea=h us lnu esa ,slk dg fn;kA ;g Qjojh] 1971 esanh iatkc 'kqxjdsu ¼jsxwys'ku vkWQ ijpst ,.M lIykbZ½ gfj;k.kkveSUMesaV fcy] df"k ea=h us ewo fd;k Fkk] ftl ij xjekxje cglgks jgh FkhA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ljdkj dks psrkouh nh Fkh fdM~;wVh ekQ djrs le; ljdkj lgdkjh 'kqxj feyksa dk lgkjkysdj izkbosV lSDVj dh feyksa dks Hkh ekQ dj nsrh gS] tks Bhd ughagSA ;g uktk;t fj;k;r gSA lcds lkFk ,d lk crkZo djus dhvkM+ esa phQ ehfuLVj lkgc pank bDdBk djus dh [kkfrj fj;k;r


djrs gSa] ftlls gekjh ikVhZ ds cnuke gksus dk Mj gSA chp esaVksdrs gq, eq[;ea=h us dg fn;k fd] ^

ôgka ls pkS/kjh lkgc gh pank ysus x, gksaxsA---dk;ns dkuwuykxw gksaxs os lcds fy, ,dlk ykxw gksaxsA**

bl ij pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us cM+h fuMjrk rFkk Li"V :i esaphQ feuhLVj dks pSysat djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd %

êq>s vQlksl gS fd gekjs eq[;ea=h th yhMj vkWQ nhgkÅl gSaA mUgas ,slh Hkk"kk dh vknr gks xbZ gS] tksfd mudks cksyuhugha pkfg,A tks Hkh dksbZ nwljk phQ ehfuLVj vk,xk] rHkh bldkHk.Mk [kqy ldrk gSA blfy, eq[;ea=h th us ;g 'kCn esjs fy,bLrseky fd, gSa] os fcYdqy fujk/kkj gSa] xyr gSaA vxj eq[;ea=hth ds ikl dksbZ Hkh ljdkjh dkxt gks ;k vU; dksbZ f'kdk;r gksrks eSnku esa yk,aA**

bl ij phQ fefuLVj us dgk Fkk %

^^vxj vkids ikl lcwr gS vkSj ljdkj us pank fy;k gS rkscrk,aA vki rks ljdkj dks cnuke djus ij yxs gSaA ljdkj dkscnuke djus ds fy, vksiksft'ku dk jksy Iys dj jgs gSaA** ¼gfj;k.kkfo/kkulHkk] 16 Qjojh 1971] i"B ¼9½ 72½

ihNs iM dj dke djokuk

;g lu~ 1952 dh ckr gS] tc Hkhelsu lPpj iatkc dseq[;ea=h FksA jksgrd 'kgj esa dqN gfjtuksa ds edkuksa dh tehuNhuuh 'kq: dj nh xbZ FkhA D;ksafd 'kgjksa dh tehu ds fy, iatkcvlsEcyh dks dkuwu cukus dk vf/kdkj ugha FkkA jhgSchysVs'kuea=ky; dh ftEesnkjh FkhA esgjpUn [kUuk dsUnz esa ea=h FksA eSaus mu

? ??? / 135

gfjtuksa dh rdyhQ ds fo"k; esa ckr dh Fkh] ftues edku fxjk;stk jgs FksA [kUuk th eq>s Vjdk dj pys x;sA pkykd vkneh FksAeSaus Hkh bl ckr dks le> fy;k vkSj QkSju gh iafMr usg: ls le;ekaxk vkSj fey x;kA iafMr th dk esjs lkFk I;kj FkkA mUgksausgaldj esjh ckr ekuh vkSj gfjtuksa dh tehu uhyke gksus ls cpxbZA blls [kUuk lkgc esjs ls cqjk eku x;s] D;ksafd iafMr th usml fo"k; esa l[r i= fy[k fn;k FkkA eq>s ,d fnu dgus yxs]lh/ks iafMr th ds ikl D;ksa tkrs gks\ ogka D;ksa x;s Fks\ ;fniz/kkuea=h ukjkt gks tkrs rks esjh ukSdjh pyh tkrhA rqEgsa ogkatkdj ckr ugha djuh pkfg;s FkhA eSaus dgk fd eSa D;k djrk\vkius rks esjh ckr lquh ughaA ¼bUVjO;q & pkS/kjh j.kchj flag] usg: Lekjd

laxzky; vkSj ykbcszjh ekSf[kd bfrgkl foHkkx] 25 vxLr] 1986] i"B 44½

,d ry[k fVIi.kh

boSY;w,'ku vkWQ ,xzhdYpjy fjlpZ izksxzke ds laca/k esa lalnesa lksp fopkj gks jgk FkkA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dks laln esa blle; rd yxkrkj 12 o"kZ gks pqds FksA mudh igpku fdlkuksa dsuqekbUns dh gks xbZ FkhA os pkgrs Fks fd fdlkuksa dh HkykbZ ds fy,dqN dj ik;saA

cgl esa Hkkx ysrs gq, mUgksaus yk;yiqj ¼ikfdLrku½ ,xzhdYpjdkWyst ds tks fizalhiy jgs Fks] mudk ftØ fd;k vkSj crk;k Fkk fdjko cgknqj pkS/kjh jke/ku flag*] ftUgksaus lh&591 uacj dk xsgwabZtkn fd;k Fkk vkSj os egku df"k fo'ks"kK FksA blh rjg ls mUgksaus[ksrhckM+h dh fjlpZ dk Hkh cM+k dke fd;k Fkk] ftlls iatkc izkUrdks cgqr Qk;nk gqvk FkkA ftlls ge flj Åapk djds j[k ldrsgSaA mUgksaus dgk %


^^ysfdu ge ns[krs gSa fd gekjh dkSafly gSA ,xzhdYpj fjlpZvkSj baLVhP;wV gSaA ysfdu] muds ,sls lTtuksa dks] ftUgksaus ns'k dhlsok dh gS] buesa dksbZ uke ugha gSA**

mUgksuas vkxs pydj dgk fd nwljs ns'kksa ds vUnj 70 o"kZ rdtks yksx fjlpZ dk dke djus okys gSa] mudk Qk;nk mBkrs gSaAgekjs ns'k esa Hkh ,sls egku oSKkfudksa ls Qk;nk mBk;k tk;sAmUgksaus nq%[k Hkjs eu ls laln ds lEeq[k dgk fd %

^^*ysfdu cnfdLerh ls gekjs ns'k esa ,slh O;oLFkk ugha gSAgekjh dkSafly ds vUnj euksu;u gksrk gS vkSj jk"Vªifr thjkT;lHkk esa Hkh uksfeus'ku djrs gSa] ogka vkids cM+s vPNs xkus okyksavkSj ukpus okyksa ds fy, txg gSA ysfdu] ftlus ns'k ds fy,fjlpZ djds lsok dh gS vkSj ftlus ns'k dk /ku nkSyr c<+kus esaenn dh gS] mlds fy, LFkku ugha gSA bldk eq>s nq%[k gSA**¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 ekpZ] 1960] i"B 5531&32½

vkxs pydj blh cgl ds nkSjku vkius dgk Fkk fd MkWDVjjke/ku flag dk gd gels dgha T;knk gSA

^êq>s fxyk u jgs] gekjs iatkc ds xoZuj ;k jk"Vªifr dsuksfeus'ku ls vxj MkWDVj lkgc bafM;u dkSafly vkWQ ,xzhdYpjfjlpZ esa muls dksbZ Qk;nk mBk;sa] tcls os iSa'ku vk, gSa] rc lsyxkrkj dkxt fudky jgs gSaA pwafd os nsgkrh gSa vkSj mnwZ esa ghNiokrs gSaA D;ksafd mnwZ ds vykok dksbZ nwljk v[kckj mudks NkisxkughaA vxj fjlpZ odZj nsgkrh gks rks vki vUnktk yxk ldrs gSa]D;ksafd mldh ckr dksbZ ugha lqusxkA mUgsaus cgqr dke dh ckrsaNiokbZ gSaA** ¼lalnh; cgl ¼dk;Zokgh yksdlHkk 1957&62½] 11 ekpZ] 1960]

i"B 5533½

? ??? / 137

nh uknZu bafM;u duky ,.M Mªsust ¼iatkc veSaMesaV fcy]1963½ ij cgl djus gsrq flapkbZ o fctyh o ea=h pkS/kjh j.kchjflag dh cM+kbZ djrs gq, iafMr fpjath yky 'kekZ us dgk Fkk %

^^fMIVh Lihdj lkfgck] bl oDr tks fcy gkÅl esa tsjs cglgS] mldh LVsVeSaV vkWQ vkctsDVl ,aM jhtUt dks ns[kk tk;s rksml utfj, ls cs'kd ea=h egksn; eqckjdckn ds eqLrgd gSa fdtehankjksa vkSj fdlkuksa dh fMQhdYVht dk vglkl djrs gq,izksflfMaXt dks ,LihMkbV djus dh xjt ls ;g fcy yk;s gSaA**¼iatkc fo/kku lHkk] 5 viSzy] 1963] i"B ¼33½ 62½

o"kZ 1950 esa vUrfje laln esa Hkkjrh; lsuk ds iquxZBu dsfo"k; esa ppkZ gks jgh FkhA iz'u Fkk fd lsuk esa jsthesaV dks ,d tkfro oxZ dh u jgus fn;k tk;sA cfYd lcdks feyk tqyk cuk fn;ktk;sA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd eSa tkfrokn esafo'okl ugha j[krkA ysfdu] bl fo"k; esa eq>s fe=ksa rFkk fj'rsnkjksals ckrphr djus ij vglkl gqvk gS fd mUgsa tkfr o oxZ fo'ks"kds uke ij gh cus jgus fn;k tk;sA D;ksafd ;q) ds le; budkstc muds iqj[kksa dh cgknqjh dh ckr ;kn fnykbZ tkrh gS rks ejfeVus ds fy, rS;kj jgrs gSaA tSls fd Ýkal esa 6 uacj tkV jsthesaVdh cgknqjh dh nkLrku crkus ij tkV jsthesaVh dh dksbZ Hkh iyVugks]] og loZLo feVkus dks rS;kj gks tk;sxhA

&&&&&&&&&&&


* jko cgknqj pkS/kjh jke/ku flag %laf{kIr ifjp;¼1 ebZ] 1891&17 vizSy] 1977½

tUe % xk¡o fdyksbZ] ftyk jksgrdAfirk dk uke % pkS/kjh 'kadj flagf'k{kk % xoZuesaV dkWyst] jksgrd] iwlk ¼fcgkj½] yk;yiqj ¼iatkc½rFkk dSEczst ¼yUnu½A

d`f"k foKku esa [kkst %1- xsgw¡ dh ukS izdkj dh fdLesa] ftuesa lh&518 rFkk lh&591 fo'oizfl) jghA2- /kku dh vkB fdLesa] ftlesa cklerh 370 fo'o izfl)A3- tkS fd ik¡p fdLesaA4- nkyksa dh rhu fdLesaA

o"kZ 1925 esa yk;yiqj df"k fo|ky; esa ukSdjh izkjaHk dh vkSjo"kZ 1946 esa fizafliy ds in ls lsokfuor gksdj lksuhir esa jgusyxsA 2 tuojh] 1961 dks ikfdLrku ds rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr tujyv;qc [kku }kjk O;fDrxr :i esa ind nsdj lEefur fd;k x;kAo"kZ 1939 esa lj feukMZ xaxkjke iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k]ftlesa rhu gtkj :i;s jkf'k Hkh 'kkfey FkhA lu~ 1943 esa jkocgknqj dk f[krkc fn;k x;kA nl o"kZ rd tkV f'k{k.k laLFkkujksgrd ds iz/kku in ij jgsA vfirq] vkidh ;ksX;rkvksa rFkk vuqHkods vuqlkj rRdkyhu ljdkj us dksbZ Hkh ykHk ugha mBk;k] dkj.kpkgs dqN Hkh jgk gksA

??? ???? / 139

;g bfrgkl leEr ckr gS fd lalkj esa izR;sd O;fDr dktUe ls ikyu&iks"k.k rFkk ikfjokfjd laLdkjksa ,oa vius le; dhgkyr ij vk/kkfjr 'kkjhfjd rFkk ekufld fodkl fuHkZj jgrk gSAmlds O;fDrRo dh fn'kk r; djus esa bl ckr ij cgqr fuHkZj djrkgS fd mls vius cM+s&cw<+ksa ls fojklr esa fdl izdkj ds ekgkSy rFkkfdl izdkj ds laLdkj izkIr gq, gSaA

;fn fojklr esa xq.k lEiUu vFkok LoLFk izkdfr lalk/ku feysgSa rks mldk O;fDrRo mlh izdkj loZfgr gsrq fu[kj dj cusxk]vU;Fkk ftl voxq.k dh ckgqY;rk gksxh] mldk lekos'k Hkh mlhvuqikr ls O;fDr fo'ks"k ds O;fDrRo ds fodkl dks izHkkfor djrkgS] ftlls vfgr rFkk fgr dk vuqikr mlds xq.k] voxq.kksa dsvuqikr ij fuHkZj jgsxkA

dguk u gksxk fd pkS/kjh j.kchj flag dks ckydiu ls ysdjtokuh rd ds le; esa LoPN ikfjokfjd okrkoj.k ns'kHkfDr dhHkkouk] xzkeh.k thou dh nSfud dfBukbZ;ksa ls tw>uk] lsokHkko]jk"Vªh; nf"Vdks.k rFkk egf"kZ n;kuan ds osn lans'kksa dh >ydfeyrh jghA mPp f'k{kk izkfIr ds nkSjku Hkkjr dh jkt/kkuh fnYyhesa jgdj okLrfod thou ls lEcaf/kr fofHkUu igyqvksa dk Hkh Kkugqvk] tSls vkRefo'okl] bZekunkjh] LokyEcu] oxZ la?k"kZ] O;ogkfjdprqjkbZ ¼le>½ iru vkSj mRFkku bR;kfnA lkFk gh fHkUu&fHkUu

9 mi l agkj


izns'kksa ls lEidZ esa vk, gq, vutku O;fDr;ksa ds lg;ksx esa jgdjijLij O;ogkj dh lw> le> ds lkFk Lora= thou;kiu dk rtqZckizkIr gqvkA

lnSo gh vki yhikiksrh] pkiywlh] th gtwjh ls ?k.kk djrs Fks]D;ksafd vkius ns[kk fd vkids firk pkS/kjh ekrwjke tSynkj gksrs gq,Hkh vaxzst dh pkiywlh rFkk th gtwjh ugha djrs FksA og lnSo ghns'kfgr ds dk;ksZa esa lyXu jgrs FksA bl ckr dk izHkko vkids fnyfnekx ij xgjh Nki NksM+ x;kA

o"kZ 1914 bZLoh ls ysdj 1940 bZLoh rd bu 26 o"kksZa ds nkSjkuvkius tks dqN ns[kk] i<+k vkSj eglwl fd;k] mlds gh ifj.kkeLo:ivkids O;fDrRo esa ns'k dks vktkn djkus dh Hkkouk mruh gh rhozrkls iuih fd 'kh?kz gh vkius vius firk th ls btktr ysdjlh/kk gh lu~ 1940 esa lfØ; jktuhfr esa izos'k djus dk fu.kZ;fy;k vkSj fQj thou i;ZUr dHkh ihNs eqM+dj ugha ns[kkA mu fnuksaf}rh; egk;q) tksjksa ij FkkA

lu~ 1941 ls ysdj vxys ik¡p o"kZ rd vki cs[kkSQ tsy tkrsjgs vkSj nqHkkZX;o'k mUgha fnukas 14 tqykbZ] 1942 dks vkids firkthdk nsgkolku gks x;kA vkidk O;fDrRo vHkh rd bruk ifjiDo gkspqdk Fkk fd ;|fi vkidks xgjk nq%[k rks gqvk] ysfdu vkidks viusy{; ls fopfyr ugha dj ldkA blds mijkUr Hkh vkidks yxkrkjpkj&ik¡p ckj tsy tkuk iM+kA

fo'o;q) lekIr gqvk vkSj vUrr% Hkkjr dks vktknh feyhAml le; Hkh vki tsy esa gh FksA 10 tqykbZ] 1947 dks vkidk pqukolafo/kku lHkk esas lnL; ds rkSj ij gks x;k rFkk vkius 14 tqykbZ]1947 dks lnL;rk gsrq 'kiFk xzg.k dh FkhA bl le; vkidh vk;q

??? ???? / 141

dsoy 32 o"kZ ikj dh Fkh vkSj lafo/kku lHkk esa lcls NksVh vk;q dslnL; FksA

fiNys ik¡p&lkr o"kksZa dh dfBu HkkxnkSM+ dh ftUnxh lsvkius cgqr dqN lh[kk rFkk vkSj dqN dj fn[kkus dh BkuhA dqNgh fnuksa ds fpUru ds ckn vkius dqN eqn~nksa dks viuk fy;k vkSjmu ij vey djus ds fy, dksbZ dksj dlj mBkdj ugha j[khA

thou i;ZUr fdlku vkSj muds fgrksa dh fpUrk jgh] pkgs Hkwfevf/kxzg.k gks] mit dk mfpr ewY;] ikuh] cht] [kkn vFkokdhVuk'kd nokbZ;ka gksaA pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us ckY;dky ls gh Hkwfedh mi;ksfxrk ds fo"k; esa Kku FkkA mUgksaus ubZ fnYyh dks cursns[kk rks fnYyh nsgkr ds fdlkuksa dh df"k ;ksX; Hkwfe Vdksa ds Hkkols vf/kxzfgr dh tk jgh FkhA mudks mfpr ewY; Hkh ugha fn;k tkjgk FkkA mlwyu vkidks Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k dksbZ fojks/k ugha FkkA ;fnfojks/k Fkk rks mfpr ewY; u nsus vkSj fdlkuksa ds ctk, eqvkotk nsusds tehu ds cnys tehu u nsus dk FkkA

ekSdk feyrs gh vkius flrEcj] 1948 esa dgk fd %

^^,d fdlku vkSj [ksrh djus okys ds ukrs eSa bl ckr dksvPNh rjg le>rk gw¡ fd tehu dk eqvkotk D;k gksrk gS\ vkimls fdruk gh eqvkotk ns nsa rks Hkh iwjk ugha gksrkA u mlds ikltehu gS] uk ?kj gS] u iSlk jgrk gSA mldks tehu ds cnys tehunsaA**

vki ges'kk gh dgrs Fks fd ftl O;fDr ds iwoZtksa us [ksrh dsvykok dksbZ vU; dke ugha fd;k rks og viuk O;olk; dSlscnysxkA mUgksaus tgka Hkh ekSdk feyk ogha] bl eqn~ns ij vius fopkj


j[ksA vki tksj nsdj dgk djrs Fks fd catj rFkk df"k ds v;ksX;tehu dk vf/kxzg.k djsa] u fd df"k ;ksX; Hkwfe dkA ;fn ,slh Hkwfevf/kzxzg.k djuk gh iM+ tk, rks mu HkkbZ;ksa dks catj tehu pkywdjds nh tkuh pkfg,A mudks v/kj esa ugha NksM+uk pkfg,A tehudk loky vHkh rd gy ugha gqvk gSA cgl tkjh gSA blfy, gesamudh nwjnf'kZrk dk yksgk ekuuk iM+sxkA

mudh yM+kbZ df"k mit dk mfpr ewY; fnyokus ds fy, Hkhthou i;ZUr tkjh jghA bl fo"k; ij vkius lHkh lnuksa esa ftØfd;k vkSj tksjnkj rjhds ls mBk;k HkhA vkius xsgwa] dikl] puk]cktjk] xqM+ twV] ewaxQyh bR;kfn ds ewY;ksa dh rqyuk cktkj Hkkols dh vkSj Qly vkus ds le; ds ewY;ksa rFkk tc Qly fcdtkrh gSA mlds ckn ds ewY;ksa dh rqyuk djds viuh ckr dgh vkSjmls fdlku ds izfr ?kksj vU;k; crk;kA blh fo"k; dks ysdj jsyosctV ij Hkh cgl djrs le; fdlku dks vPNs Hkko cspus ds fy,jsyos }kjk cSxu ugha fn, tkus dk eqn~nk ckj&ckj mBk;kA D;ksafdxqM+ ds lhtu esa iatkc o gfj;k.kk o ;w-ih- esa rks xqM+ dkSfM+;ksa dsHkko fcdrk Fkk vkSj cEcbZ o dydrk esa nks&rhu xq.kk T;knkfcdrk Fkk] ftldk lh/kk Qk;nk fcpkSfy, ,tsUV mBkrs Fks] ftudksdksbZ xqM+kbZ o uykbZ ugha djuh iM+rh FkhA D;skafd df"k mRiknumfpr ewY; lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk liksVZ izkbZtfu;qDr ugha dh tkrh FkhA bu lc iz;klksa ds ifj.kke ;g gqvk fdvkt izkarh; ljdkjsa df"k mRiknu liksVZ izkbZl fuf'pr djrh gSA;g pkS/kjh lkfgc dh nwjnf'kZrk rFkk fujUrj vFkd ifjJe dkifj.kke gSA

usg: Lekjd laxzgky; dks bUVjO;w nsrs le; o"kZ 1986 esa Hkhmuds gn; esa fdlku dh df"k mit ds ckjs esa rM+Q FkhA mUgksaus

??? ???? / 143

dgk ¼i"B 66 nsf[k,½ %

^^gekjk xsgwa&puk fnYyh esa ftl Hkko ls fcdrk] ml HkkodHkh ugha fcdrkA mUgsa mlls D;k ysuk nsuk gSA pkgs ea=h dksbZ cus]mudsk rks vius fgr dh ijokg gSA**

vkius xzkeh.k fodkl dh xfr rst djus ckjs vkSj i'kq/ku dscpko ds ckjs esa ntZuksa ckj eqn~ns mBk,A mudk dguk Fkk fd ftlrsth ls 'kgjksa dk fodkl gks jgk gS] ml xfr ls xzkeh.k fodkl]drbZ ugha gks jgk gSA vki dgk djrs Fks fd Ldwy] Mkd[kkus]gLirky rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gS] ogka rks vkus vkus ds lk/ku Hkh ughagSaA xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa LokLF; laca/kh lsokvksa dh deh rks gS gh] vfirqf'k{k.k ds {ks= esa cgqr fiNM+s gq, gSaA nsgkr esa 70 izfr'kr yksx clrsgSa] tks bu lc lqfo/kkvksa ls oafpr gSaA mudk fgLlk mudks feyukpkfg,A ysfdu] nqHkkZ; dh ckr gS fd mudh ckr dks dksbZ ughalqurkA D;ksafd u rks muds ikl dksbZ viuk v[kckj gS vkSj u ghdksbZ ,slk eap gS] ftlds }kjk viuk nq%[kM+k jksdj lquk ldsA izslesa mudh vkokt dHkh vkrh gh ughaA

i'kq/ku cpkus ds fo"k; esa vkius dbZ ckj laln eas vkoktmBkbZ Fkh vkSj dgk fd gekjs nq/kk: o vPNh uly ds i'kq cEcbZvkSj dydÙkk ynku esa pys tkrs gSaA tc nw/k ls lw[k tkrs gSa]mudks ogha ij cwpM+ [kkus esa Hkst fn;k tkrk gSA 2 djksM+ lky dsi'kq ckgj tkrs gSa] ;fn mudks ljdkj lgk;rk djds okfilgfj;k.kk] iatkc eaxk ys rks ge viuh Nkrh ls yxkdj mudkikyu iks"k.k djsaxsA nq/kk: uLy u"V gks jgh gS] fdlh dks dksbZfQdj ugha gSA ;g iz;Ru csurhtk jgsA

;equk ?kkVh fodkl ;kstuk ds ckjs esa pkS/kjh j.kchj flag us


lcls igys laln esa vkokt mBkbZ FkhA ;g ckr Qjojh] 1948 dhgSA tc ;equk ?kkVh fuxe LFkkiuk ij cgl py jgh FkhA mUgksaus;g Hkh ;kn fnyk;k Fkk fd ge lc yksx ;equk unh ds fdukjs ijcSBs gq, gSaA ;gka ls ;equk unh xqtjrh FkhA bl ckr dks nh;s rysva/ksjk crk;k vkSj tksj nsdj dgk Fkk fd fcuk fdlh foyEc ds gesa;g izkstsDV fo'ks"k rkSjij fd'kkÅ MSe iwjk dj fn;k tk,] ftllsge fdlkuksa dks cgqr vPNh gkyr esa ns[k ik,axsA

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag fganh Hkk"kk dks mfpr ntkZ fnykus ds fy,cgqr iz;Ru'khy jgsA blh rjg gfj;k.kk dks vyx izkUr cuokus esamudh vxz.kh Hkwfedk jgh ftlij vyx ls foLrr iqLrd fy[kusdh vko';drk gksxhA

??? ???? / 145

pkS/kjh j.kchj flag % laf{kIr thou ?kVukØe

firkJh % pkS/kjh ekrwjke

ekrkJh % Jherh ekedkSj

nknk th % pkS/kjh c[rkoj flag

nknh th % Jherh /kUuks

HkkbZ&cgu %

1- Mk- cychj flag

2- lqJh pUnzkorh

3- pkS/kjh Qrsg flag

o"kZ fooj.k

1914 ¼26 uoEcj½ % tUe ¼jksgrd ftys ds lka?kh xk¡o esa½

1920 % izkFkfed f'k{kk gsrq xk¡o ds Ldwy esa izos'kA

1924 % izkFkfed f'k{kk iw.kZ] xq:dqy HkSaloky esa izos”kA

1929 % ykgkSj vf/ko'ku esa cM+s HkkbZ ds lkFk f'kjdrA

1933 % oS”; Ldwy] jksgrd ls eSfVªd dh ijh{kk mÙkh.kZ

1937 % jketl dkWyst] fnYyh ls ch-,- mÙkh.kZ

1941 % lfØ; jktuhfr esa izos'k

1941 ¼5 viSzy½ % izFke tsy ;k=k ¼O;fDrxr lR;kxzg½

1941 ¼ebZ½ % tsy ls fjgk

1941 % nwljh tsy ;k=k

1941 ¼24 fnlEcj½ % tsy ls fjgk

1942 ¼14 tqykbZ½ % firkJh dk nsgkar

1942 ¼24 flrEcj½ % rhljh tsy ;k=k ¼Hkkjr NksM+ks vkUnksyu½A

1943 ¼25 viSzy½ % eqYrku ls ykgkSj tsy esa

1944 ¼24 tqykbZ½ % tsy ls fjgk

1944 ¼28 flrEcj½ % pkSFkh tsy ;k=k ¼utjcanh mYya?ku½

1944 ¼7 vDrwcj½ % jksgrd tsy ls vEckyk tsy esa


1945 ¼14 Qjojh½ % tsy ls fjgk

1945 % iqu% fxj¶rkjhA

1945 ¼18 fnlEcj½ % tsy ls fjgkbZA

1947 ¼10 tqykbZ½ % lafo/kku lHkk lnL; fuokZfpr

1947 ¼14 tqykbZ½ % lafo/kku lHkk lnL;rk xzg.k

1948 ¼6 uoEcj½ % lafo/kku lHkk esa izFke Hkk"k.k

1952 % jksgrd yksdlHkk lhV ls fot;h

1957 % nwljh ckj yksdlHkk ds fy, fot;h gq,A

1962 % iatkc fo/kku lHkk esa dykukSj ls fot;h

1962 % iatkc esa fctyh o flapkbZ ea=h

1966 ¼1 uoEcj½ % gfj;k.kk&xBuA

% ea=h in ij fu;qDr

1968 ¼12&14 ebZ½ % e/;kof/k pqukoA gfj;k.kk fo/kkulHkk ds fy,

fot;h

1972 ¼viSzy½ % jkT;lHkk ds fy, pqus x,

1977 % gfj;k.kk dkaxzsl ikVhZ ds v/;{k cus

1978 % jkT;lHkk esa dk;Zdky lEiUu

1980 % gfj;k.kk dkaxzsl v/;{k dk;Zdky lEiUu

2009 ¼1 Qjojh½ % fu/ku

2009 ¼2 Qjojh½ % jksgrd esa ^lekf/k&LFky* ij vaR;sf"V

Documents

vyx jkg ds iSjksdkj - Maharshi Dayanand Universitymdurohtak.ac.in/CRS/pdf/19. Alag Rah Ke Perokar Chaudhry Ranbir Singh.pdf · leiZ.k mu ns'kokfl;ksa dks tks viuh bZekunkj esgur ij