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Validitas & Reliabilitas. ANALISIS INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN. UJI VALIDITAS UJI RELIABILITAS. VALIDITAS. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ANALISIS INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN
1. UJI VALIDITAS
2. UJI RELIABILITAS
VALIDITAS
Validitas (validity, kesahihan) berkaitan dengan permasalahan “apakah instrumen yang dimaksud untuk mengukur sesuatu itu memang dapat mengukur secara tepat sesuatu yang akan diukur tersebut”. Secara singkat dapat dikatakan bahwa validitas alat penelitian mempersoalkan apakah alat itu dapat mengukur apa yang akan diukur.
Validity Types
• Criterion (Concurrent or Predictive) Validity focuses on how well the instrument compares with external variables considered to be direct measures of the characteristic or behavior being examined. Intelligence test scores used to predict future performance are an example of criterion validity. (expert judgement)
• Content Validity is concerned with how well the content of the instrument samples the kinds of things about which conclusions are to be drawn. For example, a test of school readiness can be examined to see whether the content relates to knowledge and skills expected of first grade children following the kindergarten program (based on literature) (expert judgement)
• Construct Vailidity involves the extent to which certain explanatory concepts or qualities account for performance. For example, a personality test can be studied to see how well theoretical implications of the typologies account for the actual results obtained. (EFA or CFA)
• Face Validity is often used to indicate whether the instrument, on the face of it, appears to measure what it claims to measure. Here the key question is whether the persons making use of the instrument accept it as a valid measure in the everyday sense of the word? (expert judgement)
Validity in term of research finding
1. Internal validity is related to what actually happens in a study. In terms of an experiment it refers to whether the independent variable really has had an effect on the dependent variable or whether the dependent variable was caused by some other confounding variable.
2. External validity refers to whether the findings of a study really can be generalised beyond the present study. External validity can be broken down into two types.– Population validity - which refers to the extent to
which the findings can be generalised to other populations of people.
– Ecological validity - which refers to the extent to which the findings can be generalised beyond the present situation.
EXPLORATORY DAN CONFIRMATORY ANALYSIS
• EXPLORATORY : Menguji indikator untuk mendapatkan proxi variabel yang benar. Secara teori indikator variabel belum jelas atau belum ada. Uji dengan SPSS. Item yang akan dimasukkan dalam analisis akhir adalah item yang memiliki factor loading lebih dari 0,40 (Chia, 1995).
• CONFIRMATORY : Menguji kecocokan indikator variabel. Secara teori indikator variabel sudah jelas dan tegas. Uji dengan Lisrel / Amos.
Component Matrixa
.575
.680
.611
.438 .493
.416
.421
.483
.511
.612 .443
.581 .469
.535
.473 -.465
.573
.684
.529
.508
.705
.464
.593 .521
.479
.545
.721
.755 .401
.478 .435
.488
.687
.524 .434
.653 .412
.432 -.421
.589
JRT1
JRT2
JRT3
JRT4
JRT5
JRT6
JRT7
KEP1
KEP2
KEP3
KEP4
KEP5
KEP6
KEP7
KEP8
KEP9
KEP10
KEP11
KEP12
KEP13
KEP14
KEP15
KEP16
KEP17
KEP18
KEP19
KEP20
KIN1
KIN2
KIN3
KIN4
KIN5
KIN6
KIN7
KIN8
1 2 3
Component
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
3 components extracted.a.
EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS
CONFIRMATORY ANALYSIS
δλ
RELIABILITAS
Reliabilitas (reliability, keterpercayaan) menunjuk pada pengertian apakah sebuah instrumen dapat mengukur sesuatu yang diukur secara konsisten dari waktu ke waktu. Jadi, kata kunci untuk syarat kualifikasi suatu instrumen pengukur adalah konsistensi, keajegan, atau tidak berubah-ubah.
RELIABILITAS1. Stabilitas (Test retest)
Satu tes diujikan dua kali, kemudian dikorelasikan hasil tes I dan ke II.
2. Konsistensi internal
* Split half (odd even; beginning ending)
* Alpha Cronbach
3. Equivalensi
Dua atau lebih tes diujikan sekali, kemudian dikorelasikan antar semua paket tes
Interpretation Guideline
George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Table Usage
Koefisien korelasi hasil penghitungan yang diperoleh kemudian dikonsultasikan pada tabel-tabel nilai-nilai kritis r.
rh ≥ rt = reliable (α = 5 %/1%) rh < rt = reliable (α = 5 %/1%)
TEKNIK BELAH DUA (SPLIT HALF METHOD)