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GeoActivity2 .1 BANtU M iG R At i oN s

Use with Sub-Saharan Africa Geography & History, Section 2.1, in your textbook.

Go to Interactive Whiteboard GeoActivities at myNGconnect.com to complete this activity online.

Map the Swahili LanguageRead the passage about the Swahili language and answer the questions.

A Language DevelopsOver several centuries, Swahili emerged as the common language of Bantu tribes along East Africa’s coast. As Arab traders made their way westward from the coast, they brought Swahili into areas that are now Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. When European colonial powers later gained control in the region, they worked to establish Swahili as an official language there.

Along with English, Swahili is today the official language in both Kenya and Tanzania. In Kenya, Swahili is widely used in schools, media, and small businesses, and English is used by the government. In Tanzania, government business is conducted in Swahili, and highly educated Tanzanians speak English. Swahili is also spoken by many people in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and Uganda. However, it is neither the official nor the most common language.

1. Create Maps Fill in the map at right, using two colors to distinguish between the countries where Swahili is the official language and the countries where it is commonly spoken but not the official language. Also label the countries.

2. interpret Maps What patterns do you notice about where Swahili is spoken?

SWAhiLi LANGuAGe

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GeoActivity2 . 2 e ARLY s tAte s AN D tR ADe

Use with Sub-Saharan Africa Geography & History, Section 2.2, in your textbook.

Go to Interactive Whiteboard GeoActivities at myNGconnect.com to complete this activity online.

Map Historic Trade RoutesTrans-Saharan trade routes connected the kingdoms of West Africa with the cities of North Africa. These routes developed because of an uneven distribution of resources. The following chart shows trans-Saharan trading cities and their trading partners at the beginning of the 15th century. Study the chart and then answer the questions that follow.

1. interpret Charts What types of goods were exported by more than one city? What can we conclude about the availability of these goods in Africa?

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TimbuktuAoudaghost Gao

AlgiersTunis

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Djenne

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TRANS-SAHARAN TRAde RouTeS (c. 1400)

TRAdiNG ciTieS TRAdiNG pARTNeRS MAiN expoRTS

Algiers Sijilmasa African goods

(from other cities) to Europe

Aoudaghost Sijilmasa Gold

Gao Sijilmasa

Tunis

Gold

Slaves

Djenne Timbuktu Gold

Slaves

Marrakech Sijilmasa Salt

Sijilmasa Marrakech

Timbuktu

Algiers

Gao

Salt

Timbuktu Djenne

Sijilmasa

Gold

Ivory

Slaves

Tunis Gao African goods

(from other cities) to Europe

2. Create Maps Using the information in the chart, draw lines between cities on the map to show major trade routes.

3. interpret Maps Which city is a major center of trade? Why might this be the case?

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