USAID BEO DECISION MEMO FOR ASHA IEE 1

Awardee: American School of Tangier DCHA Office: American Schools and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA)Program Title: American School of Tangier Award Number: AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 Country/Region: Morocco Life of Grant: 03/20/2017 to 03/31/2021 LOA Funding: $500,000

ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION RECOMMENDED:

(Place X where applicable)

Categorical Exclusion: X Negative Determination w/ Conditions: X

Positive Determination: Deferral:

USAID BEO Decision Memo Approved USAID Bureau Environmental Officer Approval: This Memo is to inform that the American School of Tangier IEE has beenapproved by the DCHA2 Bureau Environmental Officer (BEO), on July, 17, 2017. The IEE has undergone all necessary clearances and distribution to the field to meet the minimum 22 CFR 216 requirements. The updated CRM analysis, which was submitted on August 3, 2017 for review by the DCHA Climate Integration Lead (CIL) Team, has been approved on October 4, 2017. Consequently, the previously identified condition requiring an updated CRM analysis has been met, and this Decision Memo has been updated to reflect this change. The BEO commends the implementing partner for having addressed the potential environmental impacts associated with all the stages of planned construction and procurement activities. However, the submitted IEE does not have an Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP), which summarizes the mitigation measures narrated in the IEE and assigns roles, responsibilities and monitoring indicators and acts as a monitoring tool to ensure the efficient implementation of these mitigation measures. An EMMP template is available on pages 23-37 of the Global P-IEE3. Given the fact that the IEE submitted by the implementing partner addresses all of the potential environmental impacts related to planned construction and commodity procurement activities, an EMMP will not be required. However, for future reference the implementing partner should make sure to follow the IEE and EMMP template provided in the Global P-IEE for any future awards.

1 The USAID BEO Decision Memo is an official communication from the DCHA Bureau Environmental Officer (BEO) outlining the actions required of the ASHA implementing partner to ensure the subject program’s compliance with the environmental regulatory requirements under 22 CFR 216. 2 The USAID DCHA (Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance) has nine offices all aimed at promoting democratic and resilient societies that are able to mitigate disasters and conflict and stay on a path toward peace and prosperity: https://www.usaid.gov/who-we-are/organization/bureaus/bureau-democracy-conflict-and-humanitarian-assistance 3 USAID ASHA Global IEE: http://gemini.info.usaid.gov/repository/pdf/39411.pdf

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE FACE SHEET (ECF) FOR INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION AND/OR REQUEST FOR CATEGORICAL

EXCLUSION FOR DCHA/ASHA PROGRAMS

Sponsoring U.S. Organization Name: Amel'ican School of Tangier

City, State: Wilimington, Deleware Key Contact: Sarah Putnam

Email Address: s.putnam@ast.ma

Overseas Institution Name: American School of Tangier Country: Morocco

Award No. AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 Life of grant (mldlyyyy): from 03/20/2017 to 03/31/2021 Amount of federal grant: $500,000.00 Non-federal cost sharing: $969,742.00

ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION RECOMMENDED: D Request for Categorical Exclusion(s): activities have no adverse effect (e.g., training, technical

assistance; not training involving pesticides, infrastructure, water, or agriculture.)

[8J Negative Determination: no significant adverse effects expected for activities which are well defined over life of the award.

[8J With conditions (mitigation measures specified) D Positive Determination: potential for significant adverse effect of one or more activities.

Appropriate environmental review needed/conducted .

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS: All USAID projects must conform to USAID's environmental procedures (22 C FR 216) requiring evaluation and action to ensure that adverse environmental impacts are assessed and mitigated. The Request for Categorical Exclusion (RCE) or Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) for the USAID OCHA American Schools and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA) program provides the first review of the reasonably foreseeable effects on the bio-physical Environment and human welfare for the activities under the ASHA Program. The ECF, that accompanies the RCE or IEE, summarizes the recommended 22 CFR 216 determinations and provides for mandat01y USAID clearances.

RECOMMENDED DETERMINATIONS: D A Categorical Exclusion pursuant to 216.2c(2)(i), Education, technical assistance, or training

programs except to the extent such programs include activities directly affecting the environment (e.g. construction of facilities), is recommended for the following ASHA activities: development of training materials, awareness raising campaign and limited commodity supp011, including computers, IT networking, cameras, desks, chairs, etc.

l:8J A Negative Determination with Conditions pursuant to 22 CFR 216.3(a)(2)(iii), is recommended for the following ASHA activities: [8J small-scale constrnction and rehabilitation of schools, universities and hospitals and/or D limited commodity suppo11, including biomedical and analytical equipment and related supplies which require mitigation measures as indicated in the IEE.

Environmental compliance face sheet for Grant AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 - page 1

July 17, 2017

X

Erika J. Clesceri

Kyle D. RearickKyle RearickCIL Team

____________________________ October 4, 2017 _________________

Date:

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 1

ASHAAwardeeInitialEnvironmentalExaminationDate:May30th,2017ProjectName:AID-ASHA-A-16-00003OSIName:AmericanSchoolofTangierCountry:Morocco1.0 BACKGROUNDANDPROJECTDESCRIPTION

1.1BackgroundDescribewhytheconstructionorrenovationprojectisdesiredandappropriate,withsomerelevantcontextualinformation-e.g.,existinginfrastructureandcurrentcapacityofthatinfrastructure,scaleoftheactivitiestobeundertaken,expecteduseofafacility,etc.

ASHAfundsallocatedtotheAmericanSchoolofTangier(AST)willsupporttheconstructionofa12-classroomwing,connectedtoanexistingbuilding.TheWinghousesaMiddleSchool,andenablesa21st-centurycurriculumframeworkK-12.UsinganexpandedSTEAMprogrammodel(integratedSciences,Technology,Engineering,English,Arts,andMathematics),theschoolwillfocusonstudentengagementandgenderequity.Recentaccreditationstatusmandatesachangeinpedagogy,andincreasedteachercapacity.Thenewfacilitywillreinvigorateteachingandlearning.ThegroundfloorhousesaTeacherLearningCenterforAmericanandMoroccanteachers,whichcombinedwiththeoutdoorgatheringarea,andwillfostermutualunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.1.2PurposeandScopeofIEEWhatdoestheIEEcover;whyisitneeded;isitanamendment,andifso,why?

ThepurposeandscopeofthisInitialEnvironmentalExaminationistooutlinethecurrentphysicalenvironmentonsite,addressthepotentialenvironmentalimpactsofthisproject,anddefinethemitigatingfactorsinaccordancewiththerequirementsofRegulation22CFR216,ADS204,ADS303,andallUSAIDEnvironmentalProcedures.Thisismeanttoachieveenvironmentallysoundactivities,theimplementationofrecommendedmitigatingandmonitoringmeasures,andtheassurancethattheactivitiesremainasCategoricalExclusionsandwithintheboundsofNegativeDeterminationwithConditions.Inadditiontoassessingthepotentialenvironmentalimpacts,settingoutrecommendedmitigationandmonitoringrequirements,andmakingrecommendeddeterminations,thisIEEsetsoutrecommendedactivity-levelimplementationprocedures.TheseproceduresareintendedtoassurethattheIEEfindingsandconditionsareusedinthedevelopmentofprojectworkplans,monitoringprocedures,andreportingrequirements.Asdescribedbelow,theadoptionofrecommendedmitigation,monitoring,andproject-levelimplementationprocedureswillbemandatoryforactivitieswithinthescopeofthisIEE.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 2

1.3DescriptionofActivitiesOutlinethekeyactivitiesproposedfortheconstructionorrenovation,includingthoseactivitiesassociatedwiththefollowingphases:siteselection,planninganddesign,construction,aswellasoperationandmaintenance.Theprojectwillbeconstructedonanexistingbuildingfootprintandthereforenotharmanyoftheopennaturalhabitat. Theconstructiondesigniscompletedandconsistsofa12classroombuilding.Constructionphase:Theconstructionofthenewbuildingwillbedoneina6monthperiod.Itwillstartduringthesummerschoolbreakandthebuildingshellshallbeconstructedinlessthan2monthsothatwhenschoolreopensinSeptemberallthebig&heavyworkwillhavebeencompleted.Thiswillhelptheschoolminimizethenoiseandriskimpactsonthestudent/facultybody.Constructionmaterialswillincludeburntclaybricks,sand,cementandstoneaggregates,corrugatedsteelbars,andemulsionpaint.Keyenvironmentalissuesduringconstructionincludeexcavation,constructionwastemanagement,andsafetyandhealthofworkers.OperationPhase:Thenewbuildingwillserveasanextensionoftheexistingbuildings,enabletheschoolexpansionaswellasintroduce21stcenturylearningpracticesthroughtheimplementationofinnovativepedagogyusingaSTEAMmodel(integrationofSciences,Technology,Engineering,English,ArtsandMathematics).Effectsontheenvironmentwillbeminimalsincethisnewbuildingwillbeconnectedtotheexistingelectricityandwatersystems.MaintenancePhase:Maintenancewillconsistofroutinecleaningandrepairsinthenewbuilding.CommoditieswillbepurchasedaccordingtotheApprovedCommodityProcurementList.Environmentaleffectscouldariseduringtheuse,maintenance,and/ordisposalactivitieswithcommodities(computersandLEDlights)identifiedasHazardousontheEnvironmentalComplianceFaceSheet. 2.0 COUNTRYANDSITESPECIFICENVIRONMENTALBASELINEINFORMATION

2.1LocationsAffectedThissectionshouldassessthecurrentphysicalenvironmentthatmightbeaffectedbytheCapitalImprovementactivities.Dependingupontheactivitiesproposed,thiscouldincludeanexaminationoflanduse,geology,topography,soil,climate,groundwaterresources,surfacewaterresources,terrestrialcommunities,aquaticcommunities,environmentallysensitiveareas(e.g.,wetlandsorprotectedareasandspecies),naturalhazards,nuisances,agriculturalcroppingpatternsandpractices,infrastructureandtransportservices,airquality,demography(includingpopulationtrends/projections),culturalresources,andthesocialandeconomiccharacteristicsofthetargetcommunities.Theinformationobtainedshouldserveasanenvironmentalbaselineforfutureenvironmentalmonitoring.

Thenewwingwillbebuiltwithintheexistingcampuslandonaspotthathouses2changingroomsand1smallbuildingmadeofthenursery+gardener’sroom.Therearenoissuesregardinglanduse,geology,topography,soil,climate,waterresources,terrestrialcommunities,aquaticcommunities,environmentallysensitiveareas,naturalhazards,nuisances,agriculturalcroppingpatternsandpractices,infrastructureandtransportservices,airquality,demography,culturalresources,orsocial/economiccharacteristicsofthetargetcommunities.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 3

2.2NationalEnvironmentalPoliciesandProcedures

Identifynationalpoliciesandproceduresforenvironmentalassessment,construction,development,etc.ApplicableinternationalorUSregulationsmayalsobeincludedifwarrantedsustainabilityduringoperationandmaintenancephase.

InMoroccoallurbanisticconstructionprojectsaregovernedbythe“Lawn°12-90”datedOct14,1993,relativetourbanism.Allconstruction,structural,electrical,andsanitationplanshavetobethereforeapprovedbythecityofficeofUrbanDevelopmentbeforeabuildingpermitisissued.

TheMoroccanLawNo.12-03,datedMay12,2003,outlinesthelegalrequirementsforenvironmentalimpactassessmentsandtheirapplicability.Thislawdoesnotrequireanenvironmentalimpactassessmentforprojectsotherthanthoseimplementedinsensitiveareas.Cf.“Law12-03”datedMay12,2003.

Therefore,theAmericanSchoolofTangierwillbecompliantwiththeUSAIDEnvironmentalProcedures(i.e.,22CFR216).

Concerningthedisposalofwasteitisregulatedby“Law28-00”datedDec7,2006.

3.0EVALUATIONOFPROJECTISSUESWITHRESPECTTOENVIRONMENTALIMPACTPOTENTIAL

ThissectionoftheAwardeeIEEisintendedtodefineallpotentialenvironmentalimpactsoftheconstructionorrenovationactivities,whethertheybeconsidereddirect,indirect,beneficial,undesired,short-term,long-term,orcumulative.Theimpactsshouldcoverallactivitiesandbeassociatedwiththefollowingphases:siteselection,planninganddesign,construction,andoperationandmaintenance.Foroperationandmaintenance,ataminimum,AwardeeIEEsmustidentifyimpactsduetoanticipatedincreasesinresourceuseasaresultoftheconstructionorrenovationactivities.Factorstobeconsideredmayincludeenergyconsumption,waterconsumption,airpollution,andsanitation.

Thepotentialenvironmentalimpactsoftheconstructionactivitiesare:

SiteSelectionPhase:Siteselectionhasalreadybeenmadeandisontheexistingcampus.Theonlyundesiredenvironmentalimpactthatwasidentifiedisthatthereareacoupleofoldpalmtreesandsomeothertreesthattheschoolwantstopreserve.

PlanningandDesignPhase:ThePlanningandDesignPhasehasbeencompletedandwedonotforeseeanypotentialenvironmentalimpact.

ConstructionPhase:Thenewconstructionwillbemadeonaspotthatcontains2smallbuildingsthatneedtobedemolished.Oneismadeof2oldchangingroomsforstudentsandtheotheroneismadeofthenurseandgardenersrooms.Thisdemolitionhasbeenidentifiedasadirectshort-termundesiredconcern.Theareasurroundingthesiteneedstobesecuredproperly.Disposalofsoilfromexcavationoperations,disposalofusedconstructionmaterials,andworkersafetyhavebeenidentifiedasdirect,short-term,undesiredconcernsduringtheConstructionPhase.Theschoolalsoneedstorecuperateanyreusablemateriallike:doors,sinks,toilets,faucets,wiresetc.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 4

OperationPhase:Duetoanticipatedincreasesinresourceuse,solidwastedisposal,energyandwaterconsumption,drinkingwater,andcomputeruseareallidentifiedasdirect,short-andlong-term,undesiredconcernsduringthisphase.

MaintenancePhase:LEDlightsandcomputerdisposalhavebeenidentifiedasdirect,short-andlongterm,undesiredconcernsduringtheMaintenancePhase.

4.0 RECOMMENDEDMITIGATIONANDMONITORING

4.1RecommendedDeterminations

TheAwardee is beingasked to developanAwardee IEE because theproject entails constructionor renovationactivities. Pursuant to 22 CFR 216.3(a)(2)(iii), a Negative Determination with Conditions is recommended forprojectsinvolvingtherepairorrehabilitationofpublicfacilitiesandspaces(schools,clinics,etc.),roads,andsmallscale water point projects. Pursuant to 22 CFR 216.3(b), a Negative Determination with Conditions isrecommendedfor theuseofpesticides, includingtermiteandrodentcontrol,andfurtheranalysis is required intheformofaPesticideEvaluationReportandSaferUseActionPlan(PERSUAP).

CategoricalExclusionNon-environmentalimpactingtechnicalassistance,education,trainingprograms,analysis,studies,workshopsandmeetings,documentandinformationtransfersarerecommendedforCategoricalExclusionasper22CFR216.2(a)(2)(i),(iii),and(v).Pursuantto22CFR216.2(c)(2),theaboveactivitiesarecategoricallyexcludedfromfurtherenvironmentalreview.Asper22CFR216.2(c)(l)aninitialenvironmentalexaminationorenvironmentalassessmentarenotrequired.

NegativeDeterminationswithConditionsper22CFR216.3(a)(2)(iii)arerecommendedfortheconstructionofaschoolbuilding,i.e.AST’snewwing.

4.2Mitigation,Monitoring,andEvaluation

Recommendwhatistobedonetoavoid,minimize,eliminate,orcompensateforpotentialenvironmentalimpacts.Inpreparingthemitigationactions,theawardeemustprovideadequateinformationregardingtheeffectivenessof themitigationmeasures identified, aswell as informationas to how theywill bemonitoredand evaluated.Include photographic documentation, schematic drawings, written narrative, and statistical analyses asappropriate.

1. SiteSelectionPhase:

A. PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Sometreesincluding2oldpalmtreesneedtobesaved.Theschoolcommunity,includingsomeyoungstudents,hasexpressedthedesiretohavethemsaved.

a. Mitigation:Thecontractorwillbringabulldozerandhelptransplantthetreestoanotherlocation.InMorocco,transplantingpalmtreesisacommontask,gardeners/landscapedesignersknowhowtoproceedwithoutkillingthetree.

b. Monitoring:schoolgardenerswilltakegoodcareofthetreestoinsurethetransplantingissuccessful

c. Evaluation:Periodicverificationofthetrees’health.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 5

2. ConstructionPhase:

A. PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Demolitionofthe2smallbuildingshasbeenidentifiedasadirectshort-termundesiredconcernduringtheconstructionphase.

a. Mitigation:Theprojecthasadoptedazero-hazardouswastepolicyintermsofconstructionmaterialsandconstructionpractices.Thebuildingsthatneedtobedemolishedaremadeofironbars,bricksandcementmortarhoweveranddonotcontainpotentialhazardouswaste.TheProjectManagerwillensurethattheconstructioncompanyproperlyrecuperatesallrecyclablematerialsthatcanbereusedintheconstructionofthewing.Othernon-reusablematerialswillbedisposedofsafelyandsenttothemunicipalcitygarbagedump.

b. Monitoring:Atthedispositionlevel,thesegregation,sorting,handling,transportingandfinaldispositionofallsoilandconstructionwastewillbetheresponsibilityoftheconstructionmanagerinaccordancewithallnationallawsandregulation.Theconstructionmanagershallreuseanydemolitionwastethatcanbereusedinthefoundationsofthenewconstruction

c. Evaluation:Physicalconfirmationofthedisposalwillbemadebytheon-siteProjectmanagerandbedocumentedwithphotographs.

B. PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Recuperateallmaterialsthatcanberecycled.a. Mitigation:TheProjectManagerwillensurethattheconstructioncompanyproperly

recuperatesallrecyclablematerialssuchas:doors,sinks,toilets,faucets,wiresetc.,b. Monitoring:Theschoolwillrecycleforitsownuseasmuchaspossibleandwhatisleft

willbedonatedtoneedylocalNGOs.c. Evaluation:Physicalconfirmationoftherecycledmaterialswillbemadebytheon-site

Projectmanageraswellasthedonations,ifany.Allthiswillbedocumentedwithphotographs.

C. PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Disposalofsoilfromexcavationoperations,disposal

ofusedconstructionmaterials.a. Mitigation:InthecityofTangierconstructionwasteissenttothemunicipalcitygarbage

dump.Asforthemetalandwoodusedintheconstructionprocess,itiscommonpracticeinMoroccofortheconstructiontokeepthemandreusethem.

b. Monitoring:Atthedispositionlevel,thesegregation,sorting,handling,transportingandfinaldispositionofallsoilandconstructionwastewillbetheresponsibilityoftheconstructionmanagerinaccordancewithallnationallawsandregulations.

c. Evaluation:Physicalconfirmationofthedisposalwillbemadebytheon-siteProjectmanagerandbedocumentedwithphotographs.

D. PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Workerssafety

a. Mitigation:ThecontractorhastheobligationinaccordancewithMoroccanlawtocontractaninsurancethatcoversallhisworkersduringtheperiodofconstruction.Additionally,ASTwillrequirethecontractortoprovideappropriateprotectivegearforworkers.

b. Monitoring:Copiesofallinsurancepoliciesaretobeattachedtothecontractwiththeconstructioncompany.Visualverificationofuseofprptectivegearbyworkers.

c. Evaluation:Regularverificationofincidentreportsandinsurancethereof.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 6

3. OperationPhase:Duetoanticipatedincreasesinresourceuse,solidwastedisposal,energyand

waterconsumptionandcomputeruseareallidentifiedasdirect,short-andlong-term,undesiredconcernsduringthisphase.

a. Mitigation:Theconstructionelementsusedinthisprojectacttoreduceenergyconsumption:glassallowsnaturallighting,wallsandroofprotectthebuildinginteriorsfromnaturalenvironmentalconditions.Electricityandwaterwillbesuppliedbymunicipalservicesandtheschoolwillpromoteenergyandwatersavingspolicieswiththeentireschoolincludingusingenergyefficientlightbulbsandnaturallightwhereverpossible,puttingcomputersinsleepmodewhennotinuse,usingautomaticfaucetturn-offvalves,andsettingenergysavingstargetsandpublishingtheirresults.TheschoolwillconsiderinthenearfutureinstallingsolarpanelsallovertheroofthustakingadvantageofthesunshinedurationinthecityofTangier.

b. Monitoring:Documentationofenergyandwaterconservationmeasureswillincludeschoolwidesurveys,energyusestatistics,photographsandanarrativereportthatwillincludeconservationresults,bestpracticesandrecommendations.

c. Evaluation:Thecommitteewillreviewitsplantwiceayearanddocumentitsfindingsinanarrativereportthatwillcontainphotographs,schoolwidesurveyresults,andenergyusestatistics,alongwithidentifiableproblems,bestpractices,andrecommendations.TheschoolAdministratorwillreviewthereportsandproviderecommendationstotheschooldirectorsforimprovementofenergyandwaterconservationmeasuresinordertoreducethepotentialundesiredenvironmentalimpact.

A. MaintenancePhase:ContributingtolandfilloverloadandenvironmentalcontaminationbyLEDlights

disposal.a. Mitigation:SincetherearenoLEDlightrecyclingcentersinMorocco,ASTwillwork

closelywithSITA,whichisasubsidiaryoftheFrenchcompanySUEZ,forthedisposalofallitshazardouswaste,includingLEDlights.

b. Monitoring:TheschoolAdministratorwillselectlocationsforthedonationofnon-usableLEDlightsandverifytheirdelivery.

c. Evaluation:ASTwillmakesurethatitsMaintenanceManagerkeepstrackofthedisposalofallLEDlights,confirmingofthedisposalanddocumentingitwithphotographs.

B.PotentialUndesiredEnvironmentalImpact:Environmentalcontaminationfromimproperlyusedordiscardedcomputersandcomputercomponents.

a. Mitigation:Computersandcomputercomponentsaswellassubstancesinvolvedintheirmanufacturecanresultintoxicwastecontainingdangerousmetalslikelead,cadmiumandmercurywhichcancontaminateairandwaterwhentheyaredumped.ASTwillcommittodonatecomputersorcomputercomponentsthatarenolongerneededorusefultotheschooltolocalNGOs.

b. Monitoring:TheschoolITManagerwillmaintainandupdateamonthlyinventoryofcomputercomponentsandofactiveandinactivecomputers.Anycomputerorcomputerpartthatisnotneededbytheschoolwillbediscardedandmadeatthedisposaloftheschool’sadministrationinordertobedonated.TheITManagerwillkeepacopyofthelistofcomputer/partsremovedfromusage.

c. Evaluation:TheschoolAdministratorwillensurethatallcomputer/partsthatarenotinusearedonatedtolocalNGOs.Thisprocesswillbeconfirmedwithawrittenreportanddocumentedwithphotographs.

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 7

ANNEX I - ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE CHECKLIST

Directions: check appropriate column as Yes (Y), Maybe (M), No (N) or Beneficial (B). A "Y" response does not necessarily indicate a significant effect, but rather an issue that requires focused consideration.

1. Earth Resources

a. grading, trenching, or excavation in cubic meters or hectare Yb. geologic hazards (faults, landslides, liquefaction, un-engineered fill, etc.) Nc. contaminated soils or groundwater on the site Nd. off-site overburden/waste disposal or borrow pits required in cubic meters or tons Me. loss of high-quality farmlands in hectares N

2. Air Quality

a. substantial increase in on-site air pollutant emissions (construction/operation) Nb. violation of applicable air pollutant emissions or ambient concentration standards Nc. substantial increase in vehicle traffic during construction or operation Nd. demolition or blasting for construction Ne. substantial increase in odor during construction or operation Nf. substantial alteration of microclimate N

3. Water Resources and Quality

a. river, stream or lake on-site or within 30 meters of construction Nb. withdrawals from or discharges to surface or groundwater Nc. excavation or placing of fill, removing gravel from, a river, stream or lake Nd. on-site storage of liquid fuels or hazardous materials in bulk quantities N

4. Cultural Resources

a. prehistoric, historic, or paleontological resources within 30 meters of construction Nb. site/facility with unique cultural or ethnic values N

5. Biological Resources

a. vegetation removal or construction in wetlands or riparian areas in hectare Nb. use of pesticides, such as rodenticides and termiticides, in hectare Nc. construction in or adjacent to a designated wildlife refuge N

IEE-AID-ASHA-A-16-00003 8

6. Planning and Land Use

a. potential conflict with adjacent land uses Nb. non-compliance with existing codes, plans, permits or design factors Nc. construction in national park or designated recreational area Nd. create substantially annoying source of light or glare Ne. relocation of >10 individuals for +6 months Nf. interrupt necessary utility or municipal service > 10 individuals for +6 months Ng. substantial loss of inefficient use of mineral or non-renewable resources Nh. increase existing noise levels >5 decibels for +3 months N

7. Traffic, Transportation, and Circulation

a. increase vehicle trips >20% or cause substantial congestion Nb. design features cause or contribute to safety hazards Nc. inadequate access or emergency access for anticipated volume of people or traffic N

8. Hazards

a. substantially increase risk of fire, explosion, or hazardous chemical release Nb. bulk quantities of hazardous materials or fuels stored on site +3 months Nc. create or substantially contribute to human health hazard N

9. Other Issues (to be used for categories not captured under 1 through 8 above)

a. Substantial adverse impact Nb. Adverse impact Nc. Minimal impact N

Date: June 30th, 2017

Climate Risk Screening and Management for Project Name: AID-ASHA-A-16-00003

OSI Name: American School of Tangier -

CLIMATE RISKS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND ACTIONS

SUMMARY

This CRM is being conducted in accordance with USAID Initial Environmental Examination requirements and Regulation ADS 201. For the purpose of

this study, we have used the country profile fact-sheet provided by USAID.

The American School of Tangier (AST) has been granted USAID ASHA funds for a 12-classroom wing that will replace, and expand upwards, a section of an existing building. AST will fund programs in the wing to develop a model of best practices in education at the middle school level, implement STEAM programs K-12, and a teacher learning center.

The city of Tangier is located on the Maghreb coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean Sea meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel. Tangier has a Mediterranean climate with heavier rainfall than most parts of Morocco. The summers are relatively hot (average high is 28.3 °C or 82.9 °F) and sunny and the winters are wet and mild: frost is rare. The exact location of the construction site, The American School of Tangier, is located at 1.94km (1.2 miles) from the coast and the elevation is 180ft from sea level.

From the fact-sheet we see that the main climate risks for Morocco are:

the impact on limited and declining water resources

coastal erosion from sea level rise

These two risks have been identified as low risk for our school project since their impact will be minimal.

The major concern in the city of Tangier for the past decades has been the shortage of water, a problem that has increased with the growth of the

city and its population. To address this issue the Moroccan government has launched an ambitious plan to construct five new dams in the Province

of Tangier-Tetouan. At the same time, Tangier has had some cases of heavy rains, which have flooded areas of the city that are low. In our case,

the school is located on a higher geographical position than its surrounding environment, which prevent the waters from flooding the area.

At the school level, the construction of the new wing is giving us the option of incorporating system of rainwater harvesting from rooftop

catchments. This program will be extended to include rooftops of existing buildings. All the water collected will be stored in reservoirs and used to

water the gardens of our 12.5 acres campus.

Coastal erosion has been identified as a major climate risk in the Tangier area for the decades to come, however our campus is located

approximately 1.2 miles inland and will not be affected directly by this issue. As far as our construction project is concerned, the contractor has

been instructed to adapt his routes so as to minimize land erosion within our campus.

As for unexpected extreme climate changes such as increasing temperatures, extreme rainfalls, sea level rise and storm surge, the construction is

done according to the Moroccan regulations which follow the French CSTB (Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment). This French

organization issues the “Document Technique Unifié” (DTU) which are various documents that outlines the specifications to be respected for all

construction aspects. It is based on such documents that our engineer of record has elaborated the engineering plans for our project.

We have included in the attached screening table how these extreme situations are addressed within our project.

It should be mentioned that, in accordance with construction procedures in Morocco, a legal contract has been established between the school and

the contractor. This contract mentions the regulations/norms that need to be followed and, which also impose on the school contracting an

engineering company (OUVRATECH run by Mr. Omar Temsamani) and an inspection firm, SOCOTEC (www.socotec.com/en).

TABLE

1.1: Defined or Anticipated Project Elements

1.2: Geography 2: Climate Risks 3: Adaptive Capacity

4: Climate Risk Rating

5: How Climate Risks Are Addressed in the Project

6: Opportunities

12 Classroom Wing exterior construction

Coastal, school is in semi-urban zone. The site itself is located on an inland hill that is 180ft higher than sea

Occasional heat wave - construction workers may face increased risk of heat exhaustion.

High During construction, worker hours will be shifted to not be in mid-day heat. Construction crews required to receive proper hydration and not be exposed to dangerously high heat levels, in accordance with local and national health and safety requirements.

The project eventually hopes to integrate solar powered systems for heating and cooling the building, serving as a model of green energy for the school families and the surrounding community.

In case of extreme increase in temperature

As per our contract, the concrete used in this project complies with European standards and is Strength Class C30/37. This concrete can support very high temperatures up to 800 °C.

Severe rain storms could happen on a rare occasion (one in last 10 years).

bkkMorocco has invested in building 5 new dams in the region Tangier-Tetouan and the City of Tangier

High School: Evacuation plans are in place. Construction has been planned so as to finish the shell before the rainy season. Alternative routes have been planned in the event of flooding.

level. has worked on improving sewage pipes and Morocco has invested in building 5 new dams in the region Tangier-Tetouan and the City of Tangier has worked on improving sewage pipes and drainage systems so as to prevent flooding within the urban perimeter.

Impact on building: the city of Tangier is built on a land of hills and the construction site is located slightly higher than its surroundings preventing water from stagnating around the buildings. The construction of this new buildings includes proper drainage and sewage pipes.

Reduced precipitation; increased incidence of drought conditions. Tangier faces a fresh water shortage due to the development of Tangier

High During construction phase: though the project will use minimal water, the project also tries to mitigate water waste.

Thanks to this wing construction project, The American School of Tangier is studying the option of incorporating a system of rainwater harvesting from rooftop catchments.

Storm surge High Impact on building: again the location of the site (1.2 miles away from the coast) prevents the school from coastal floods.

Erosion is a possibility if the routes for equipment are not carefully placed.

High Careful placement of truck and construction equipment routes to construction site will avoid erosion of land from heavy traffic. Engineers have determined the routing of construction equipment on and off the site.

The school has adopted an environmental awareness framework that goes across the curriculum.

Sea level rise High Impact on building: the prevision of sea level rise for Tangier for the years 20150 to 2100 show that there will be a seal level rise that will affect mainly the least elevated lands and therefore there will be no impact on our site. See: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.07.043