U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts for 1998-2014

1 June 2015

U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts for 1998–2014 By Benjamin J. Hobbs

THE TRAVEL and tourism industry—as measured by the real output of goods and services sold di

rectly to visitors—increased 3.4 percent in 2014 after increasing 6.2 percent in 2013, according to the most recent statistics from the travel and tourism satellite accounts of the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). In comparison, the broader economy as measured by real gross domestic product (GDP) increased 2.4 percent in 2014 after increasing 2.2 percent in 2013.1

These revised and newly available statistics on travel and tourism primarily reflect the incorporation of the 2014 flexible annual revision of the industry economic accounts (IEAs), which was released on November 13, 2014.2

Highlights from the travel and tourism satellite accounts include the following:

● Real output increased in 19 of 24 commodities in 2014, including personal consumption expenditures for nondurable commodities except gasoline (shopping), traveler accommodations, and food and beverage services.3

● Overall growth slowed from 6.2 percent in 2013 to 3.4 percent in 2014, reflecting a deceleration in shopping and a downturn in gasoline.

● Prices for tourism goods and services increased 1.6 percent in 2014 after increasing 0.7 percent in 2013; traveler accommodations prices accelerated, and gasoline prices turned up. Automotive rental and leasing were the largest contributors to the overall growth in prices in 2014.

● Inbound tourism increased 6.9 percent in 2014, and outbound tourism increased 4.9 percent. As a result, the travel and tourism surplus increased to $54.1 billion in 2014 from $48.1 billion in 2013.

1. All measures of travel and tourism activity not identified as being in “real,” inflation-adjusted terms are current-dollar estimates.

2. For more information, see Thomas F. Howells and Edward T. Morgan, “Initial Statistics for the Second Quarter of 2014: Revised Statistics for 1997–2013 and the First Quarter of 2014,” SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS 94 (December 2014).

3. The shopping category includes all purchases made while traveling except gasoline.

The travel and tourism accounts are available on the BEA Web site; see the box “Data Availability.”

The remainder of this article includes a discussion of trends in travel and tourism output and prices, the composition of tourism demand, and tourism value added and employment, followed by the core travel and tourism account tables. Although all years have been revised, this article will focus on the more recent years.

Trends in Output and Prices

Real output The 3.4 percent increase in real direct travel and tourism output in 2014 was concentrated in a few commodities. The largest contributor to the growth in overall travel and tourism output was nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline (shopping), which increased 6.3 percent in 2014 after increasing 19.2 percent in 2013. Also, traveler accommodations increased 4.5 percent in 2014 after increasing 3.8 percent in 2013, and food and beverage services increased 5.2 percent in 2014 after increasing 2.1 percent in 2013. This growth was partly offset by a decrease in gasoline, which fell 3.6 percent in 2014 after rising 7.7 percent in 2013. International passenger air transportation fell 2.5 percent after increasing 5.2 percent. Automotive rental and leasing decreased 3.1 percent after increasing 1.0 percent (table A and chart 1).

Data Availability The detailed annual statistics on travel and tourism activity for 2013 are presented in eight tables at the end of this article. The complete set of detailed annual statistics for 1998 through 2013, statistics on output and employment for 2014, and quarterly statistics on output and employment from 1998 through 2014, are available on BEA’s Web site under “Industry” and “Satellite Accounts.”

http://www.bea.gov

http://www.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2014/12%20December/1214_industry_economic_accounts.pdf

http://www.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2014/12%20December/1214_industry_economic_accounts.pdf

http://www.bea.gov/industry/tourism_data.htm

2 U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts June 2015

Prices Travel and tourism prices increased 1.6 percent in 2014, the fifth consecutive year of growth. The largest contributors to the growth in prices were traveler accommodations, automotive rental and leasing, and gasoline. Traveler accommodations increased 4.2 percent in 2014 after increasing 2.0 percent in 2013. Automotive rental and leasing increased 10.9 percent after increasing 2.0 percent. Gasoline increased 1.9 percent in 2014 after decreasing 2.8 percent in 2013.

The overall growth in prices for the travel and tourism sector was partly offset by declines in the prices for travel arrangement and reservation services, for passenger water transportation services, and for participant sports. Travel arrangement and reservation services decreased 1.7 percent in 2014 after increasing 1.2 percent in 2013. Prices for passenger water transportation services decreased 2.0 percent, and prices for participant sports decreased 1.7 percent (table B and chart 2).

Table A. Annual Growth, Contributions to Growth, and Levels of Real Output by Tourism Commodity in 2011–2014

Commodity Annual growth rates

(percent change from preceding period) Contributions

(percentage points) Real output

(millions of chained (2009) dollars)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014

All tourism goods and services ................................. 5.9 1.3 6.2 3.4 5.90 1.30 6.20 3.39 718,775 728,095 773,250 799,439 Traveler accommodations........................................... 4.5 3.1 3.8 4.5 0.82 0.54 0.68 0.81 136,612 140,811 146,103 152,714 Food and beverage services ...................................... 5.3 1.0 2.1 5.2 0.79 0.14 0.31 0.74 110,012 111,086 113,466 119,412 Transportation ............................................................ 6.2 1.4 4.5 1.6 2.62 0.62 1.95 0.68 288,661 292,804 306,014 310,894

Passenger air transportation ................................... 3.2 –3.4 4.5 3.4 0.57 –0.59 0.76 0.56 117,063 113,136 118,234 122,269 Domestic passenger air transportation services 2.8 –4.9 4.1 6.7 0.33 –0.56 0.45 0.71 76,799 73,055 76,059 81,188 International passenger air transportation

services ............................................................ 3.8 –0.5 5.2 –2.5 0.24 –0.03 0.31 –0.15 40,273 40,071 42,161 41,100 All other transportation-related commodities .......... 8.3 4.7 4.5 0.5 2.06 1.21 1.19 0.12 171,594 179,680 187,814 188,680

Passenger rail transportation services ................ 2.1 4.1 1.1 2.7 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 1,886 1,964 1,985 2,039 Passenger water transportation services ............ 3.6 7.3 3.2 7.7 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.11 11,240 12,064 12,448 13,410 Intercity bus services ........................................... –3.1 2.8 –0.9 –0.4 –0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 1,269 1,304 1,292 1,287 Intercity charter bus services............................... –2.9 –0.5 1.4 8.7 –0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 1,505 1,497 1,518 1,649 Local bus and other transportation services........ 0.8 0.5 –3.5 –2.2 0.00 0.00 –0.02 –0.01 4,093 4,113 3,967 3,881 Taxicab services .................................................. 0.4 –0.5 –5.5 3.4 0.00 0.00 –0.03 0.02 3,951 3,929 3,713 3,838 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services 7.7 7.0 3.6 1.3 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 2,647 2,831 2,934 2,972 Automotive rental and leasing ............................. 8.6 6.5 1.0 –3.1 0.33 0.24 0.04 –0.12 30,674 32,682 33,002 31,980 Other vehicle rental and leasing .......................... 1.7 –0.4 3.4 5.1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 759 756 782 822 Automotive repair services .................................. 2.2 –10.7 –2.3 1.5 0.04 –0.18 –0.03 0.02 12,421 11,094 10,835 10,996 Parking................................................................. –3.0 –13.5 –0.6 4.1 –0.01 –0.04 0.00 0.01 2,180 1,887 1,876 1,954 Highway tolls........................................................ –5.4 –2.0 5.0 3.0 –0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 628 616 646 666 Travel arrangement and reservation services ...... 4.3 5.4 4.8 9.9 0.22 0.27 0.25 0.49 38,347 40,436 42,388 46,601 Gasoline .............................................................. 14.4 6.8 7.7 –3.6 1.40 0.78 0.92 –0.43 59,444 63,479 68,389 65,909

Recreation, entertainment, and shopping .................. 6.8 –0.1 13.6 4.6 1.67 –0.01 3.26 1.16 183,392 183,285 208,244 217,736 Recreation and entertainment ................................ 3.2 2.7 7.3 2.4 0.36 0.30 0.82 0.28 84,296 86,574 92,924 95,195

Motion pictures and performing arts .................... 3.1 21.9 35.9 4.4 0.06 0.41 0.80 0.13 14,279 17,402 23,647 24,695 Spectator sports .................................................. 5.6 –4.6 –1.0 0.9 0.04 –0.03 –0.01 0.01 5,355 5,111 5,061 5,109 Participant sports................................................. 12.5 1.2 0.3 2.7 0.18 0.02 0.00 0.04 11,442 11,576 11,606 11,918 Gambling ............................................................. 0.7 0.7 2.1 1.2 0.04 0.04 0.11 0.06 40,882 41,186 42,055 42,553 All other recreation and entertainment ................ 3.0 –8.3 –6.3 3.7 0.05 –0.13 –0.09 0.05 12,363 11,337 10,622 11,018

Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline 10.1 –2.4 19.2 6.3 1.30 –0.31 2.43 0.88 99,105 96,767 115,338 122,550

PCE Personal consumption expenditures

3 June 2015 SURVEY OF CURRENT BUSINESS

Total output Total tourism-related output increased to $1.58 trillion in 2014, up 5.1 percent from $1.50 trillion in 2013. In 2014, total output consisted of $913.1 billion in direct tourism output and $662.6 billion in indirect tourism output. The 1.73 ratio of total output to direct output

Acknowledgments Paul V. Kern of the Industry Sector Division supervised the preparation of the estimates.

Benjamin J. Hobbs and Steven L. Zemanek prepared the estimates.

Staff members of the Industry Sector Division, the Industry Analysis Division, the National Income and Wealth Division, the Government Division, and the Regional Product Division contributed to the development of the estimates.

The Office of Travel and Tourism Industries of the International Trade Administration provided funding for the preparation of the travel and tourism satellite accounts.

Table B. Annual Growth, Contributions to Growth, and Levels of Chain-Type Price Indexes for Tourism Commodities in 2011–2014

Commodity Annual growth rates


(percentage points) Price indexes

(index numbers, 2009=100)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014

All tourism goods and services................................ 5.1 2.8 0.7 1.6 5.10 2.78 0.74 1.57 108.6 111.6 112.5 114.2 Traveler accommodations ......................................... 1.7 3.0 2.0 4.2 0.32 0.54 0.36 0.77 100.9 103.9 106.0 110.5 Food and beverage services..................................... 2.4 3.1 2.1 0.4 0.36 0.45 0.30 0.06 103.6 106.8 109.0 109.5 Transportation ........................................................... 9.2 2.9 –0.4 1.4 3.82 1.24 –0.19 0.60 117.4 120.7 120.2 121.9

Passenger air transportation ................................. 7.3 4.7 –0.4 0.8 1.27 0.80 –0.07 0.13 116.6 122.0 121.5 122.5 Domestic passenger air transportation services 7.9 4.8 0.1 0.1 0.88 0.53 0.01 0.01 115.7 121.2 121.3 121.4 International passenger air transportation

services .......................................................... 6.4 4.6 –1.4 2.2 0.39 0.28 –0.08 0.13 118.2 123.6 121.9 124.6 All other transportation-related commodities......... 10.5 1.7 –0.5 1.8 2.54 0.44 –0.12 0.46 117.9 119.9 119.3 121.5

Passenger rail transportation services ............... 4.3 3.9 3.0 –1.7 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 105.2 109.3 112.6 110.7 Passenger water transportation services ........... –0.9 –2.7 –0.4 –2.0 –0.01 –0.04 –0.01 –0.03 100.2 97.5 97.0 95.2 Intercity bus services ......................................... 5.7 3.6 3.5 –3.5 0.01 0.01 0.01 –0.01 110.5 114.5 118.5 114.3 Intercity charter bus services ............................. 5.4 3.6 3.5 –3.6 0.01 0.01 0.01 –0.01 110.5 114.6 118.6 114.3 Local bus and other transportation services ...... 4.9 3.1 4.2 –2.0 0.03 0.02 0.02 –0.01 109.2 112.6 117.3 115.0 Taxicab services................................................. 4.7 3.1 4.3 –2.0 0.03 0.02 0.02 –0.01 108.9 112.2 117.0 114.6 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services 0.1 2.1 1.4 0.2 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 100.4 102.6 104.0 104.3 Automotive rental and leasing ............................ –2.0 –2.3 2.0 10.9 –0.08 –0.09 0.07 0.39 97.2 95.0 96.8 107.4 Other vehicle rental and leasing......................... 4.4 3.2 0.1 2.4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 106.8 110.2 110.3 113.0 Automotive repair services ................................. 2.1 1.8 1.6 0.0 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.00 104.0 105.9 107.5 107.5 Parking ............................................................... 2.3 8.7 3.6 –0.7 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 105.6 114.8 118.9 118.1 Highway tolls ...................................................... 5.9 1.8 0.4 0.6 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 112.0 114.0 114.5 115.2 Travel arrangement and reservation services .... 1.0 1.1 1.2 –1.7 0.05 0.05 0.06 –0.09 101.0 102.1 103.4 101.7 Gasoline ............................................................. 26.8 3.3 –2.8 1.9 2.44 0.39 –0.35 0.22 150.3 155.3 150.9 153.8

Recreation, entertainment, and shopping ................ 2.5 2.3 1.1 0.6 0.61 0.55 0.28 0.15 103.6 106.0 107.2 107.8 Recreation and entertainment ............................... 1.8 2.2 1.6 0.1 0.21 0.24 0.18 0.01 103.0 105.2 106.9 107.0

Motion pictures and performing arts .................. 1.0 2.0 1.4 0.7 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.02 102.4 104.4 105.9 106.6 Spectator sports................................................. –0.1 3.3 2.6 0.4 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 102.0 105.4 108.1 108.6 Participant sports ............................................... –0.3 2.5 1.6 –1.7 0.00 0.04 0.02 –0.02 98.7 101.1 102.8 101.1 Gambling............................................................ 3.2 2.1 1.5 0.4 0.18 0.11 0.08 0.02 104.9 107.0 108.6 109.0 All other recreation and entertainment............... 0.7 2.1 1.6 –0.6 0.01 0.03 0.02 –0.01 101.6 103.7 105.4 104.8

Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline 3.0 2.4 0.7 0.9 0.40 0.31 0.10 0.14 104.2 106.6 107.4 108.4



in 2014 means that every dollar of direct tourism output required an additional 73 cents of indirect tourism output (chart 3).

Direct tourism output includes goods and services sold directly to visitors, such as passenger air travel. Indirect tourism output includes sales of all goods and services used to produce that direct output, such as jet fuel to fly the plane and catering services for international flights.

The Composition of Tourism Demand The travel and tourism accounts include estimates of the composition of tourism demand by type of visitor. They distinguish expenditures of U.S. residents traveling abroad from those of U.S. residents and nonresidents traveling within the United States for leisure, business, or government purposes. The balance of tourism trade is derived by subtracting expenditures on foreign travel by U.S. residents (an import of goods and services to outbound travelers) from expenditures on U.S. travel by nonresidents (an export of goods and services to inbound travelers).

International travel and tourism Current-dollar international travel (the sum of inbound and outbound travel) increased 6.0 percent in 2014 after growing 6.1 percent in 2013.

Inbound travel and tourism. This consists of travel-related expenditures and international transportation purchases from U.S. providers by nonresidents traveling in the United States. In 2014, inbound activity increased 6.9 percent to $189.2 billion (chart 4).

Outbound travel and tourism. This consists of travel-related expenditures and international transportation purchases from foreign providers by U.S. residents traveling abroad. In 2014, outbound activity increased 4.8 percent to $135.2 billion. As a result, net exports of travel and tourism increased (table C).

Table C. U.S. International Travel and Tourism in 2009–2014 [Billions of dollars]

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total international travel and tourism 214.0 241.6 264.3 288.3 306.0 324.4 Inbound travel and tourism..................... 116.6 137.6 154.8 165.8 177.0 189.2 Outbound travel and tourism .................. 97.4 104.0 109.5 122.6 128.9 135.2

Net exports of travel and tourism ........... 19.1 33.6 45.3 43.2 48.1 54.1

Internal travel and tourism. This consists of travel and tourism within the borders of the United States—the sum of domestic activity and inbound activity.4 Inbound travel and tourism’s share of internal tourism in 2013, the most recent year for which data are available, accounted for 16.3 percent of the total. Inbound tourism’s share has increased every year since 2009, when it accounted for 13.3 percent of internal tourism (table D and chart 5).

National tourism. This consists of travel and tourism by U.S. residents, both within the United States and abroad—the sum of domestic tourism and outbound tourism. The calculation of outbound tourism includes all expenditures on international transportation, whether purchased from foreign providers or

4. As a component of internal tourism, the calculation of inbound tourism is modified to exclude all expenditures on international transportation, whether purchased from foreign or U.S. providers, so that equally defined expenditures by U.S. residents traveling within the United States (domestic tourism) and by nonresidents traveling within the United States (inbound tourism) can be compared.


Table D. Internal Travel and Tourism in the United States by Residents and Nonresidents in 2007–2013

Millions of dollars Share

Residents Nonresidents (inbound) Total Residents Nonresidents

(inbound)

2007 ............................. 2008 ............................. 2009 ............................. 2010 ............................. 2011 ............................. 2012 ............................. 2013 .............................

705,917 683,172 594,001 592,806 649,436 658,896 695,352

92,835 104,738

90,784 106,973 118,534 126,787 135,770

798,751 787,910 684,786 699,779 767,970 785,682 831,122

88.4 86.7 86.7 84.7 84.6 83.9 83.7

11.6 13.3 13.3 15.3 15.4 16.1 16.3

U.S. providers, so that the expenditures by U.S. residents traveling within the United States (domestic tourism) are consistent with the expenditures by U.S. residents traveling abroad (outbound tourism). Outbound tourism’s share of national tourism was 17.7 percent in 2013, the most recent year for which data

Key Terms

The following key terms are used to describe the travel Tourism employment. Total tourism-related employ-and tourism satellite accounts. ment consists of direct tourism employment plus indirect

Domestic tourism. Travel-related expenditures by U.S. tourism employment. Direct tourism employment comresidents traveling within the United States. It comprises prises all jobs where the workers are engaged in the pro-travel by resident households, business travel, and travel duction of direct tourism output (for example, hotel staff by government employees. and airline pilots), and indirect tourism employment

Inbound tourism. Travel-related expenditures by non- comprises all jobs where the workers are engaged in the residents traveling within the United States and expendi- production of indirect tourism output (for example, tures by nonresidents on international transportation workers producing hotel toiletries and delivering fuel to purchased from U.S. providers. These expenditures airlines). exclude expenditures for travel to study in the United Tourism output. Total tourism-related output consists States and for medical reasons.1 of direct tourism output and indirect tourism output.

Internal tourism. The sum of domestic tourism Direct tourism output comprises all domestically pro-expenditures and inbound tourism expenditures (net of duced goods and services purchased by travelers (for all international transportation expenditures). example, traveler accommodations and passenger air

National tourism. The sum of domestic tourism transportation), and indirect tourism output comprises demand and outbound tourism demand (including all all output required to support the production of direct international transportation expenditures). tourism output (for example, toiletries for hotel guests

Outbound tourism. Travel-related expenditures by and fuel for airplanes). U.S. residents traveling abroad and expenditures by U.S. Usual environment. The area of normal, everyday residents on international transportation purchased from activities within 50–100 miles of home.4

foreign providers.2 Visitor. A person who travels outside of his or her Tourism commodities. Goods and services that are usual environment for less than a year or who stays over-

typically purchased by visitors, such as airline passenger night in a hotel or motel. The visitor may travel for plea-transportation, hotel accommodations, and meals.3 sure or business (private sector or government). Visitors

exclude travelers who expect to be compensated at the 1. In the travel and tourism satellite accounts, inbound and outbound location of their visit (such as migrant workers, persons

visitors are not differentiated by type of visitor, because the data to pre- traveling to new assignments, and diplomatic and milipare these estimates are not available. tary personnel traveling to and from their duty stations 2. See footnote above.

3. The classification of tourism commodities in the travel and tourism and their home countries). satellite accounts is based on a list of primary activities of visitors that was developed from recommendations by the World Tourism Organization, by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and from various surveys of U.S. visitors. 4. The usual environment depends on the availability of source data.


are available, a slight decrease from 17.9 percent in 2012 (table E and chart 6).

Table E. National Travel and Tourism in the United States and Abroad in 2007–2013

Millions of dollars Percent

In the United States

Abroad (outbound) Total

In the United States

Abroad (outbound)

2007 ................................... 2008 ................................... 2009 ................................... 2010 ................................... 2011 ................................... 2012 ................................... 2013 ...................................

705,917 683,172 594,001 592,806 649,436 658,896 695,352

131,286 135,903 116,300 126,546 131,099 143,675 149,964

837,203 819,076 710,301 719,352 780,535 802,571 845,316

84.3 83.4 83.6 82.4 83.2 82.1 82.3

15.7 16.6 16.4 17.6 16.8 17.9 17.7

percent in 2013, the most recent year for which data are available, and government’s share was 4.7 percent, off slightly from its peak share of 5.6 percent in 2009 and 2010. In general, government travel is more stable than business or leisure travel, and as a result, its share tends to decrease during upturns in overall travel and tourism. (table F and chart 7).

Domestic travel and tourism Domestic tourism includes travel and tourism by U.S. residents within the borders of the United States. Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and other U.S. territories are outside of this defined boundary and are classified in international travel. The travel and tourism accounts break out all expenditures on domestic travel and tourism by type of visitor: resident households, business, and government (table 3). Business’s share of domestic travel and tourism decreased to 27.8

Tourism Value Added and Employment

Value added A sector’s value added measures its contribution to gross domestic product (GDP). In 2013, the most recent year for which data are available, the travel and tourism industry’s share of GDP was 2.7 percent (table G). Travel and tourism accounted for a larger share of GDP than other industries, such as utilities, computer and electronic products manufacturing, and broadcasting and telecommunications.

Direct employment Direct tourism employment includes jobs that involve producing goods and services that are sold directly to visitors. Airline pilots, hotel clerks, and travel agents

Table F. Domestic Travel and Tourism by Type of Visitor in 2007–2013

Millions of dollars Percent

Resident households Business Government Total Resident

households Business Government

2007 ....................................................... 428,057 188,575 30,883 647,514 66.1 29.1 4.8 2008 ....................................................... 415,231 189,773 30,944 635,948 65.3 29.8 4.9 2009 ....................................................... 378,896 151,490 31,407 561,793 67.4 27.0 5.6 2010 ....................................................... 377,343 160,334 32,182 569,858 66.2 28.1 5.6 2011 ....................................................... 423,369 180,795 32,788 636,952 66.5 28.4 5.1 2012 ....................................................... 441,343 183,839 32,806 657,988 67.1 27.9 5.0 2013 ....................................................... 477,050 196,269 32,954 706,272 67.5 27.8 4.7


Table G. Travel and Tourism as a Share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2007–2013

Billions of dollars Percent

GDP Tourism value added

Tourism value added as a

share of GDP

2007 ....................................................... 2008 ....................................................... 2009 ....................................................... 2010 ....................................................... 2011 ....................................................... 2012 ....................................................... 2013 .......................................................

14,478 14,719 14,419 14,964 15,518 16,163 16,768

402 391 366 377 404 422 454

2.78 2.66 2.54 2.52 2.60 2.61 2.71

are examples of such employees. Overall, direct employment increased 2.8 percent in 2014. The largest contributor was food services and drinking places, which contributed 1.06 percentage points to overall growth. Traveler accommodations also contributed a large portion of the overall growth in employment, 0.47 percentage point. (chart 8). All industries except petroleum refineries added employees in 2014 (table H).

Table H. Annual Growth, Contributions to Growth, and Levels of Direct Employment by Tourism Industry in 2011–2014

Industry Annual growth rates


(percentage points) Direct employment

(thousands)

2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014

All tourism industries ...................................................... 3.7 1.3 4.2 2.8 3.69 1.35 4.22 2.85 5,107 5,176 5,394 5,547 Traveler accommodations ............................................... 2.6 2.2 2.0 1.9 0.65 0.55 0.51 0.47 1,291 1,320 1,346 1,371 Vacation home rentals 1.................................................. –2.8 –5.8 –1.1 0.7 –0.01 –0.01 0.00 0.00 9 8 8 8 Food services and drinking places ................................. 4.8 2.1 3.6 3.3 1.51 0.68 1.15 1.06 1,625 1,660 1,719 1,776 Transportation................................................................. 2.4 1.0 2.4 2.2 0.49 0.20 0.48 0.44 1,020 1,030 1,055 1,079

Air transportation services .......................................... 2.8 0.8 1.4 1.1 0.25 0.07 0.12 0.09 436 440 446 450 All other transportation-related industries ................... 2.1 1.2 3.2 3.1 0.25 0.14 0.36 0.35 584 591 609 628

Rail transportation services ..................................... 4.3 4.4 3.4 11.0 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 9 10 10 11 Water transportation services .................................. 0.3 4.8 1.1 3.5 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.02 29 31 31 32 Interurban bus transportation................................... 0.0 2.5 –2.6 0.6 0.00 0.01 –0.01 0.00 18 19 18 18 Interurban charter bus transportation ...................... 1.9 –2.5 –1.7 0.7 0.01 –0.01 0.00 0.00 13 13 13 13 Urban transit systems and other transportation ....... –1.5 –3.6 –2.2 2.4 –0.01 –0.03 –0.02 0.02 44 43 42 43 Taxi service .............................................................. 0.7 –0.4 –2.9 3.5 0.01 0.00 –0.02 0.03 43 43 42 43 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ...... 3.5 4.3 3.5 4.1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 14 15 15 16 Automotive equipment rental and leasing ................ 1.3 1.5 2.9 4.0 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 87 88 91 94 Automotive repair services....................................... 2.7 –10.6 16.2 6.6 0.03 –0.10 0.13 0.06 48 43 50 53 Parking lots and garages ......................................... –1.9 –5.7 10.5 6.0 –0.01 –0.02 0.03 0.02 15 14 15 16 Toll highways ............................................................ –3.1 –5.6 6.2 1.9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 4 4 4 Travel arrangement and reservation services .......... –0.2 3.3 1.8 1.5 –0.01 0.11 0.06 0.05 166 171 174 177 Petroleum refineries ................................................. 8.8 6.8 7.7 –2.2 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 7 8 8 8 Gasoline service stations......................................... 12.0 5.8 6.2 3.0 0.19 0.10 0.11 0.05 86 91 96 99

Recreation, entertainment, and shopping ...................... 3.9 –1.2 9.4 3.8 0.73 –0.23 1.73 0.74 969 957 1,046 1,086 Recreation and entertainment..................................... 3.0 1.4 5.5 3.0 0.31 0.14 0.56 0.31 520 527 556 573

Motion pictures and performing arts ........................ 1.6 17.1 33.3 6.5 0.01 0.08 0.18 0.05 24 28 38 40 Spectator sports....................................................... 1.8 9.3 18.5 8.8 0.02 0.09 0.20 0.11 52 57 67 73 Participant sports ..................................................... 6.2 –0.2 2.3 3.2 0.24 –0.01 0.09 0.13 206 206 211 218 Gambling.................................................................. 0.7 1.2 4.0 0.5 0.03 0.04 0.14 0.02 174 176 183 184 All other recreation and entertainment..................... 0.9 –5.2 –4.6 1.1 0.01 –0.06 –0.05 0.01 63 60 57 58

Shopping ..................................................................... 4.9 –4.3 14.1 4.7 0.43 –0.37 1.17 0.43 449 429 490 513 Industries producing nondurable PCE commodities,

excluding petroleum refineries.............................. 3.3 –1.8 18.6 4.8 0.07 –0.04 0.39 0.11 111 109 129 135 Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service

stations ................................................................. 5.5 –5.0 12.6 4.7 0.36 –0.33 0.78 0.31 338 321 361 378 All other industries .......................................................... 8.5 4.1 9.1 3.5 0.31 0.15 0.35 0.14 193 201 219 227

All other industries, excluding wholesale trade and transportation services ............................................ 2.5 –1.6 4.7 2.8 0.03 –0.02 0.06 0.03 62 61 64 66

Wholesale trade and transportation services .............. 11.5 6.8 11.1 3.8 0.27 0.17 0.30 0.11 131 140 155 161

1. Vacation home rentals was previously labeled nonfarm residential tenant occupied permanent site. PCE Personal consumption expenditures


Total employment Total tourism-related employment (the sum of direct and indirect jobs) increased to 7.9 million jobs in 2014, up from 7.7 million jobs in 2013. The 7.9 million jobs consisted of 5.5 million direct tourism jobs and 2.4 million indirect tourism jobs (chart 9). While direct tourism employment includes jobs that produce direct tourism output, such as airline pilots, indirect tourism employment comprises jobs that produce indirect tourism output, such as refinery workers producing jet fuel. The most recent data indicate that for every direct tourism job generated, an additional 0.43 of a job is indirectly generated.

Revisions The estimates of travel and tourism for 1998–2013 and the advance estimates for 2014 are based on data from BEA’s input-output (I-O) accounts and the national income and product account (NIPAs) as well as data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics quarterly census of employment and wages (QCEW). For 1998–2013, the travel and tourism estimates of output, value added, tourism demand, and employment are based on the revised I-O accounts, which were released in November 2014. For 2014, the advance estimates of real tourism output and prices were derived from the I-O accounts for 2013 and estimates of personal consumption expenditures for 2014 from the NIPAs. The advance estimates of direct tourism employment for 2014 were derived from the revised I-O estimates for 2013 and from the QCEW for 2014.

The revisions to the estimates of real tourism output, prices, and direct tourism employment did not meaningfully alter the picture of travel and tourism activity described by previously published statistics. For 2013, growth in real tourism output for all tourism commodities was revised up 2.7 percentage points to 6.2 percent. Growth in prices for all tourism commodities was revised to 0.7 percent from 0.6 percent, and the growth in direct tourism employment was revised to 4.2 percent from 2.2 percent (table I and J). The advance estimates for 2013 in the previous release were updated with preliminary data from the I-O accounts. The advance estimate replacement generally corresponds to larger revisions. Revisions to the statistics for all other years were primarily due to revisions to the I-O accounts.

Tables I and J and 1 through 8 follow.


Table I. Revisions to Percent Changes, 2010–2013

Commodity Real tourism output Prices

2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013

All tourism goods and services ............................................................................................ 0.6 0.6 –1.0 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Traveler accommodations ...................................................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.0 –0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 Food and beverage services ................................................................................................. 1.2 0.2 –3.8 –0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Transportation........................................................................................................................ 0.2 –0.4 –1.1 –0.1 –0.1 0.2 0.0 –0.2

Passenger air transportation .............................................................................................. 0.0 –0.8 –0.5 –3.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Domestic passenger air transportation services............................................................. 0.0 –1.5 –0.3 –3.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 International passenger air transportation services........................................................ 0.1 0.6 –0.9 –3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 –0.5

All other transportation-related commodities ..................................................................... 0.3 0.0 –1.5 1.9 –0.2 0.3 0.0 –0.4 Passenger rail transportation services............................................................................ 0.2 0.0 2.9 –0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Passenger water transportation services........................................................................ –0.1 3.8 0.1 –13.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Intercity bus services ...................................................................................................... 0.1 –2.4 –2.6 –6.6 0.0 –0.1 0.0 0.0 Intercity charter bus services .......................................................................................... 0.0 –0.2 –2.3 –3.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Local bus and other transportation services ................................................................... 0.8 0.6 –3.6 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 –0.1 Taxicab services ............................................................................................................. –0.2 2.5 –0.1 –8.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 0.0 –0.5 –0.9 13.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Automotive rental and leasing......................................................................................... 0.0 –2.3 –2.7 –1.3 0.0 0.1 –0.2 –0.9 Other vehicle rental and leasing ..................................................................................... 0.1 1.2 –0.3 2.0 0.0 –0.1 0.0 –3.0 Automotive repair services.............................................................................................. 0.7 0.2 –5.7 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Parking ............................................................................................................................ 0.0 –3.4 –5.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Highway tolls ................................................................................................................... 0.5 2.0 –0.6 3.6 0.0 –2.7 0.1 –0.1 Travel arrangement and reservation services ................................................................. 0.8 –0.5 0.9 –0.9 –0.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 Gasoline.......................................................................................................................... 0.3 0.5 –1.7 6.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 –0.4

Recreation, entertainment, and shopping ............................................................................. 0.8 2.5 –0.1 12.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Recreation and entertainment............................................................................................ 0.3 1.5 1.9 7.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5

Motion pictures and performing arts ............................................................................... 0.6 6.0 17.5 43.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 Spectator sports.............................................................................................................. 1.8 1.0 7.4 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Participant sports ............................................................................................................ 0.2 0.8 –1.3 –2.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 2.3 Gambling......................................................................................................................... 0.0 0.6 –0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 All other recreation and entertainment............................................................................ 0.5 0.4 –8.2 –8.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8

Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ............................................................... 1.3 3.4 –1.6 17.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0



Table J. Revisions to Percent Changes, 2010–2013

Industry Employment

2010 2011 2012 2013

All tourism industries ............................................................................................................ 0.6 0.4 –1.5 2.1 Traveler accommodations ..................................................................................................... 0.2 0.1 –0.5 –0.3 Vacation home rentals 1 ........................................................................................................ 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.8 Food services and drinking places........................................................................................ 1.2 0.2 –2.7 –0.3 Transportation ....................................................................................................................... 0.1 –0.4 –0.9 1.7

Air transportation services ................................................................................................. 0.0 –0.4 –0.5 2.0 All other transportation-related industries .......................................................................... 0.2 –0.3 –1.3 1.4

Rail transportation services ............................................................................................ 1.8 1.2 1.0 –2.9 Water transportation services......................................................................................... 0.0 2.4 –0.2 –0.7 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 0.0 –0.4 0.7 –1.3 Interurban charter bus transportation ............................................................................. 0.0 –0.5 0.6 –0.9 Urban transit systems and other transportation ............................................................. 0.2 –2.0 –6.0 –4.2 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... –0.2 –1.0 0.6 –4.1 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 0.0 –0.1 0.1 0.2 Automotive equipment rental and leasing....................................................................... 0.0 –0.7 –1.3 –0.8 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 0.7 0.4 –5.3 16.5 Parking lots and garages ................................................................................................ 0.0 –2.1 –4.5 6.3 Toll highways .................................................................................................................. 0.5 2.5 –3.0 6.6 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. –0.1 –0.4 0.0 1.0 Petroleum refineries ....................................................................................................... 0.4 –0.8 –1.4 6.0 Gasoline service stations ............................................................................................... 1.1 0.1 –0.9 3.4

Recreation, entertainment, and shopping ............................................................................. 0.8 1.7 –1.3 8.9 Recreation and entertainment ........................................................................................... 0.5 1.0 –0.3 4.7

Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 0.6 3.8 20.3 32.1 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 1.1 0.2 11.3 13.9 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 0.7 0.1 –2.0 0.4 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 0.0 2.2 –2.8 5.9 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 0.6 –0.1 –5.5 –5.8

Shopping............................................................................................................................ 1.0 2.5 –2.4 14.0 Industries producing nondurable PCE commodities, excluding petroleum refineries..... 1.1 3.2 –0.9 18.6 Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service stations ............................................. 1.0 2.2 –3.0 12.4

All other industries ................................................................................................................ 0.5 3.5 –1.9 6.9 All other industries, excluding wholesale trade and transportation services...................... 1.0 –2.1 –3.3 3.1 Wholesale trade and transportation services .................................................................... 0.4 6.4 –1.4 8.5



Table 1. Production of Commodities by Industry, 2013—Continues [Millions of dollars]

Commodity

Industry

Traveler accommodations

Vacation home

rentals 1

Food services

and drinking places

Air transportation

Rail trans

portation

Water trans

portation

Interurban bus transportation

Interurban char ter

bus transportation

Urban transit

systems and other

transportation

Taxi service

Scenic and sightseeing

transportation

Automotive equipment rental and

leasing

Automotive repair

services

Parking lots and garages

Toll highways

Traveler accommodations .................................................. 134,172 18,998 167 ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Food services and drinking places .................................... 34,770 ............... 624,963 6 135 ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ 102 ................. ................. ............... ............... Domestic passenger air transportation services ............... ............... ............... ............... 92,274 ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... International passenger air transpor tation services .......... ............... ............... ............... 51,393 ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Passenger rail transportation services .............................. ............... ............... ............... ............... 2,235 ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Passenger water transportation services .......................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... 12,542 ................ ............... ................ ................ 408 ................. ................. ............... ............... Interurban bus transportation ............................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... 1,413 31 28 ................ 16 ................. ................. ............... ............... Interurban charter bus transportation ................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... 33 1,578 83 2 33 ................. ................. ............... ............... Urban transit systems and other transportation services ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... 69 1,420 35,426 125 76 15 ................. ............... ............... Taxi service........................................................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ 2 52 16,631 ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ................ ............... ............... ............... 2 ............... 16 47 200 30 4 2,728 ................. ................. ............... ............... Automotive rental............................................................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... 4 ................ ................. 35,028 2 ............... ............... Other vehicle rental ........................................................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. 748 ................. ............... ............... Automotive repair services ................................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... 196 ................ ................. 932 105,128 ............... ............... Parking lots and garages ................................................... 877 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. 14,020 ............... Highway tolls ..................................................................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... 11,609 Travel arrangement and reservation services.................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Motion pictures and performing arts.................................. 1,117 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Spectator sports ................................................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Participant sports .............................................................. 1,112 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Gambling ........................................................................... 25,218 ............... 1,040 ............... ............... 281 ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... All other recreation and entertainment .............................. 160 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Gasoline ............................................................................ ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Wholesale trade and transportation margins on gasoline ............... ............... ............... 5 865 608 ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Retail trade margins on gasoline ....................................... 87 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ........... ............... ............... ............... 9,210 ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Wholesale trade and transpor tation margins on

nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ....... ............... ............... ............... 4,960 33,065 12,624 ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Retail trade margins on nondurable PCE commodities

other than gasoline ........................................................ 2,125 ............... 1,983 ............... ............... ............... 27 2 3 ................ 6 ................. 1,231 2 ............... All other commodities, except all other trade and

transpor tation margins .................................................. 10,932 414,676 845 26,442 9,917 38,132 16 66 8,198 16 31 19,570 9,695 20 ............... All other wholesale trade and transportation margins ....... ............... ............... ............... 9,740 38,940 6,722 ................ 1 4 10 ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... All other retail trade margins ............................................. 45 ............... 997 2 ............... 1 ................ ............... ................ ................ 6 31 594 ............... ............... Travel by U.S. residents abroad ......................................... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ ................. ................. ................. ............... ............... Industry output .................................................................. 210,613 433,674 629,996 194,033 85,157 70,926 1,606 3,300 44,023 16,788 3,406 56,324 116,651 14,042 11,609 Intermediate inputs............................................................ 78,649 54,230 304,628 106,165 38,930 45,119 670 1,268 21,030 10,436 2,665 21,965 48,790 5,226 4,703 Value added....................................................................... 131,964 379,444 325,368 87,868 46,227 25,807 936 2,032 22,993 6,352 741 34,360 67,861 8,816 6,905

Compensation of employees ......................................... 69,109 13,670 221,696 49,516 24,511 13,330 810 1,287 28,148 1,025 499 9,195 49,097 5,991 5,467 Taxes on production and imports, less subsidies .......... 23,323 54,225 38,046 16,975 82 927 79 183 763 105 69 6,015 5,938 789 ............... Gross operating surplus ................................................ 39,532 311,549 65,626 21,377 21,634 11,550 46 562 –5,918 5,221 172 19,149 12,826 2,036 1,438



Table 1. Production of Commodities by Industry, 2013—Table Ends [Millions of dollars]

Commodity

Industry

Travel arrangement

and reservation

services

Motion pictures

and performing

ar ts

Spectator spor ts

Participant sports Gambling

All other recreation

and entertainment

Petroleum refineries

Industries producing

nondurable PCE

commodities, excluding petroleum refineries

Wholesale trade and

transportation services

Gasoline service stations

Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service stations

All other industries

Domestic production

at producers’

prices

Traveler accommodations .................................................. ................... ................. .................. 293 10 172 ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 1,033 154,845 Food services and drinking places .................................... ................... 315 1,680 7,724 1,616 6,820 ................... .................... .................. 12,037 22,883 35,223 748,273 Domestic passenger air transportation services ............... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 1 92,275 International passenger air transportation services .......... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 51,393 Passenger rail transportation services .............................. ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 2,235 Passenger water transportation services .......................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 12,950 Interurban bus transportation ............................................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... 15 .................. .................. 29 1,531 Interurban charter bus transportation ................................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 72 1,800 Urban transit systems and other transportation services ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 299 37,430 Taxi service ........................................................................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 5 16,690 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 26 3,052 Automotive rental ............................................................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... 253 .................. 508 434 36,229 Other vehicle rental ........................................................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. 16 92 43 899 Automotive repair services ................................................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... 7,216 2,490 68,956 5 184,923 Parking lots and garages ................................................... ................... ................. 199 .................. .................. 451 ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 1,333 16,880 Highway tolls...................................................................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 11,609 Travel arrangement and reservation services .................... 45,936 ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 45,936 Motion pictures and performing arts .................................. ................... 42,642 21,319 88 29 133 ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. 653 65,980 Spectator sports ................................................................ ................... ................. 21,355 ................. .................. 19 ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 21,374 Participant sports............................................................... ................... ................. .................. 56,778 .................. 20 ................... 1,292 .................. .................. 284 250 59,736 Gambling ........................................................................... ................... ................. 29 81 60,528 2,597 ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 89,775 All other recreation and entertainment .............................. ................... 74 6,053 4,086 .................. 36,958 ................... 13 .................. .................. 146 10,382 57,872 Gasoline ............................................................................ ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... 353,839 .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 353,839 Wholesale trade and transportation margins on gasoline ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... 88,450 .................. .................. .................. 89,929 Retail trade margins on gasoline ....................................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. 51,894 3,473 110 55,564 Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ........... ................... ................. .................. 514 ................. ...................... 330,755 1,688,566 11,774 .................. 24,226 81,866 2,146,911 Wholesale trade and transportation margins on

nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ....... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... 574,866 .................. .................. .................. 625,515 Retail trade margins on nondurable PCE commodities

other than gasoline ........................................................ 11 213 426 1,353 111 1,729 ................... 431 .................. 19,295 712,603 25,486 767,038 All other commodities, except all other trade and

transportation margins................................................... 245 35,690 14,344 1,956 15 1,439 65,508 1,063,937 318,541 4,651 38,355 20,303,046 22,386,286 All other wholesale trade and transportation margins ....... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... 1,070 30,465 893,048 .................. .................. 37,950 1,017,950 All other retail trade margins.............................................. ................... 518 .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... 287 .................. 708 555,001 6,381 564,570 Travel by U.S. residents abroad ......................................... ................... ................. .................. .................. .................. ...................... ................... .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industry output................................................................... 46,192 79,452 65,404 72,874 62,307 50,338 751,172 2,784,991 1,894,163 91,091 1,426,526 20,504,628 29,721,286 Intermediate inputs ............................................................ 21,885 31,118 23,669 36,374 16,703 22,045 593,346 1,697,437 707,971 23,235 523,026 8,512,380 12,953,664 Value added....................................................................... 24,307 48,333 41,735 36,500 45,605 28,294 157,826 1,087,554 1,186,192 67,856 903,501 11,992,247 16,767,622

Compensation of employees ......................................... 14,428 17,835 25,392 27,893 27,850 16,166 14,584 414,235 573,990 30,507 498,712 6,699,059 8,854,003 Taxes on production and imports, less subsidies .......... 379 8,158 3,934 4,248 2,697 4,690 3,312 54,731 207,878 15,340 185,087 464,317 1,102,291 Gross operating surplus ................................................ 9,500 22,341 12,408 4,358 15,058 7,438 139,930 618,588 404,324 22,009 219,702 4,828,871 6,811,328



Table 2. Supply and Consumption of Commodities, 2013 [Millions of dollars]

Commodity

Supply Consumption

Domestic production

at producers’

prices

Imports Change in

private inventories

Wholesale trade margins

and transpor tation

costs

Retail trade margins

Total supply at

purchasers’ prices

Intermediate Personal

consumption expenditures

Gross private fixed investment

Government final

expenditures

Exports of goods and services

Total consumption Private

expenditures Government expenditures

Traveler accommodations .................................. 154,845 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 154,845 39,956 5,598 109,291 .................... ..................... .................. 154,845 Food services and drinking places .................... 748,273 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 748,273 133,894 23,096 589,332 .................... ..................... 1,951 748,273 Domestic passenger air transportation services 92,275 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 92,275 30,584 12,574 49,118 .................... ..................... .................. 92,275 International passenger air transpor tation

services ......................................................... 51,393 31,240 ................... ...................... .................. 82,633 9,215 572 32,190 .................... ..................... 40,656 82,633 Passenger rail transportation services .............. 2,235 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 2,235 905 207 1,122 .................... ..................... .................. 2,235 Passenger water transportation services .......... 12,950 799 ................... ...................... .................. 13,749 729 287 12,139 .................... ..................... 594 13,749 Interurban bus transportation ............................ 1,531 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 1,531 219 114 1,199 .................... ..................... .................. 1,531 Interurban charter bus transportation ................ 1,800 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 1,800 ..................... ...................... 1,800 .................... ..................... .................. 1,800 Urban transit systems and other transportation

services ......................................................... 37,430 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 37,430 10,225 86 27,118 .................... ..................... .................. 37,430 Taxi service........................................................ 16,690 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 16,690 9,808 1,337 5,544 .................... ..................... .................. 16,690 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services 3,052 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 3,052 357 ...................... 2,695 .................... ..................... .................. 3,052 Automotive rental............................................... 36,229 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 36,229 21,253 866 14,111 .................... ..................... .................. 36,229 Other vehicle rental ........................................... 899 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 899 526 7 366 .................... ..................... .................. 899 Automotive repair services ................................ 184,923 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 184,923 28,102 2,276 154,503 .................... ..................... 43 184,923 Parking lots and garages ................................... 16,880 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 16,880 4,140 2,898 9,843 .................... ..................... .................. 16,880 Highway tolls ..................................................... 11,609 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 11,609 2,336 573 8,700 .................... ..................... .................. 11,609 Travel arrangement and reservation services.... 45,936 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 45,936 22,127 4,862 17,290 .................... ..................... 1,656 45,936 Motion pictures and performing arts.................. 65,980 802 ................... ...................... .................. 66,782 13,923 199 51,384 .................... ..................... 1,276 66,782 Spectator sports ................................................ 21,374 105 ................... ...................... .................. 21,479 11,759 58 9,573 .................... ..................... 89 21,479 Participant sports .............................................. 59,736 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 59,736 9,510 1,623 48,603 .................... ..................... .................. 59,736 Gambling ........................................................... 89,775 .................. ................... ...................... .................. 89,775 ..................... 205 89,569 .................... ..................... .................. 89,775 All other recreation and entertainment .............. 57,872 4 2 ...................... .................. 57,873 5,376 1,948 50,546 .................... ..................... 3 57,873 Gasoline ............................................................ 353,839 13,971 556 89,929 55,564 512,746 247,794 10,671 248,674 .................... ..................... 5,608 512,746 Wholesale trade and transportation margins on

gasoline ......................................................... 89,929 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. .................... Retail trade margins on gasoline ....................... 55,564 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. .................... Nondurable PCE commodities other than

gasoline ......................................................... 2,146,911 608,019 19,611 625,515 767,038 4,127,872 2,310,017 215,421 1,256,265 32,239 708 313,221 4,127,872 Wholesale trade and transportation margins on

nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ......................................................... 625,515 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. ....................

Retail trade margins on nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline................... 767,038 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. ....................

All other commodities, except all other trade and transportation margins ........................... 22,386,286 1,758,935 53,892 1,017,950 564,570 25,673,849 8,802,451 932,573 8,616,447 2,541,679 3,143,201 1,637,499 25,673,849

All other wholesale trade and transportation margins.......................................................... 1,017,950 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. ....................

All other retail trade margins ............................. 564,570 .................. ................... ...................... .................. .................. ..................... ...................... ..................... .................... ..................... .................. .................... Travel by U.S. residents abroad ......................... ................... 96,909 ................... ...................... .................. 96,909 19,978 ...................... 76,931 .................... ..................... .................. 96,909

Total .................................................................. 29,721,286 2,510,785 74,061 1,733,393 1,387,172 32,158,011 11,735,182 1,218,051 11,484,354 2,573,918 3,143,909 2,002,596 32,158,011


Table 3. Demand for Commodities by Type of Visitor, 2013 [Millions of dollars]

Commodity Total consumption

Resident households Business Government Nonresidents Total tourism

demand Nontourism

demand Tourism

commodity ratio

Traveler accommodations .............................................................................. 154,845 71,711 39,956 5,598 37,580 154,845 ............................ 1.00 Food services and drinking places ................................................................ 748,273 63,364 28,252 4,494 27,616 123,726 624,547 0.17 Domestic passenger air transportation services ........................................... 92,275 44,025 30,584 12,574 5,093 92,275 ............................ 1.00 International passenger air transpor tation services ...................................... 82,633 32,190 9,215 572 40,656 82,633 ............................ 1.00 Passenger rail transportation services .......................................................... 2,235 1,006 905 207 116 2,235 ............................ 1.00 Passenger water transportation services ...................................................... 13,749 12,232 ............................ ............................ 594 12,826 923 0.93 Interurban bus transportation ........................................................................ 1,531 1,074 219 114 124 1,531 ............................ 1.00 Interurban charter bus transportation ............................................................ 1,800 1,614 ............................ ............................ 187 1,800 ............................ 1.00 Urban transit systems and other transportation services .............................. 37,430 3,264 1,237 10 142 4,653 32,777 0.12 Taxi service.................................................................................................... 16,690 1,402 2,517 343 82 4,344 12,346 0.26 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................ 3,052 2,416 357 ............................ 279 3,052 ............................ 1.00 Automotive rental........................................................................................... 36,229 9,726 21,251 866 118 31,961 4,268 0.88 Other vehicle rental ....................................................................................... 899 222 526 7 107 862 36 0.96 Automotive repair services ............................................................................ 184,923 8,053 2,607 152 839 11,651 173,272 0.06 Parking lots and garages ............................................................................... 16,880 1,253 531 372 74 2,231 14,650 0.13 Highway tolls ................................................................................................. 11,609 512 138 34 57 740 10,868 0.06 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................ 45,936 16,461 21,066 4,629 1,656 43,811 2,124 0.95 Motion pictures and performing arts.............................................................. 66,782 21,428 2,228 ............................ 1,691 25,347 41,435 0.38 Spectator sports ............................................................................................ 21,479 3,075 1,866 ............................ 557 5,499 15,980 0.26 Participant sports .......................................................................................... 59,736 9,536 1,528 ............................ 864 11,929 47,807 0.20 Gambling ....................................................................................................... 89,775 31,338 ............................ ............................ 14,342 45,680 44,094 0.51 All other recreation and entertainment .......................................................... 57,873 8,875 858 ............................ 1,465 11,199 46,675 0.19 Gasoline ........................................................................................................ 512,746 77,605 25,128 1,462 1,768 105,963 406,783 0.21 Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ....................................... 4,127,872 86,857 14,514 2,091 41,011 144,473 3,983,398 0.03 All other commodities .................................................................................... 25,673,849 ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ ............................ 25,673,849 ............................

Total demand less travel by U.S. residents abroad .................................. 32,061,101 509,240 205,485 33,525 177,020 925,269 31,135,832 ............................ Travel by U.S. residents abroad ..................................................................... 96,909 76,931 19,978 ............................ ............................ 96,909 ............................ 1.00

Total demand ............................................................................................... 32,158,011 586,171 225,463 33,525 177,020 1,022,178 31,135,832 ............................



Table 3a. Demand for Commodities by Type of Visitor (Unadjusted for Travel Arrangement Commissions), 2013 [Millions of dollars]

Commodity Total consumption

Resident households Business Government Nonresidents Total tourism

demand Nontourism

demand Tourism

commodity ratio

Traveler accommodations............................................................................................... 155,226 71,887 40,054 5,612 37,672 155,226 ..................... 1.00 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 748,273 63,364 28,252 4,494 27,616 123,726 624,547 0.17 Domestic passenger air transportation services ............................................................ 92,998 44,370 30,823 12,672 5,132 92,998 ..................... 1.00 International passenger air transportation services ....................................................... 83,372 32,478 9,298 577 41,020 83,372 ..................... 1.00 Passenger rail transportation services ........................................................................... 2,632 1,185 1,066 244 137 2,632 ..................... 1.00 Passenger water transportation services ....................................................................... 14,722 13,159 ..................... ..................... 640 13,799 923 0.94 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 1,531 1,074 219 114 124 1,531 ..................... 1.00 Interurban charter bus transportation............................................................................. 1,815 1,627 ..................... ..................... 188 1,815 ..................... 1.00 Urban transit systems and other transportation services ............................................... 37,430 3,264 1,237 10 142 4,653 32,777 0.12 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 16,769 1,427 2,563 350 83 4,423 12,346 0.26 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 3,113 2,463 364 ..................... 285 3,113 ..................... 1.00 Automotive rental............................................................................................................ 36,250 9,732 21,265 866 118 31,982 4,268 0.88 Other vehicle rental ........................................................................................................ 899 222 526 7 107 862 36 0.96 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 184,923 8,053 2,607 152 839 11,651 173,272 0.06 Parking lots and garages................................................................................................ 16,880 1,253 531 372 74 2,231 14,650 0.13 Highway tolls .................................................................................................................. 11,609 512 138 34 57 740 10,868 0.06 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. 42,524 13,967 20,308 4,468 1,656 40,400 2,124 0.95 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 66,950 21,571 2,243 ..................... 1,702 25,516 41,435 0.38 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 21,573 3,128 1,898 ..................... 567 5,593 15,980 0.26 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 59,736 9,536 1,528 ..................... 864 11,929 47,807 0.20 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 89,775 31,338 ..................... ..................... 14,342 45,680 44,094 0.51 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 57,971 8,953 865 ..................... 1,478 11,296 46,675 0.19 Gasoline ......................................................................................................................... 512,746 77,605 25,128 1,462 1,768 105,963 406,783 0.21 Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline........................................................ 4,127,872 86,857 14,514 2,091 41,011 144,473 3,983,398 0.03 All other commodities ..................................................................................................... 25,673,849 ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ...................... 25,673,849 ........................

Total demand less travel by U.S. residents abroad ................................................... 32,061,438 509,027 205,429 33,525 177,624 925,606 31,135,832 ........................ Travel by U.S. residents abroad ...................................................................................... 97,177 77,144 20,033 ..................... ...................... 97,177 ..................... 1.00

Total demand ................................................................................................................ 32,158,615 586,171 225,463 33,525 177,624 1,022,783 31,135,832 ........................


Table 4. Output and Value Added by Industry, 2013 [Millions of dollars]

Industry Industry output

Intermediate consumption

Value added

Tourism industry ratio

Tourism output

Tourism intermediate consumption

Tourism value added

Traveler accommodations............................................................................................... 210,613 78,649 131,964 0.73 153,638 57,373 96,265 Vacation home rentals 1.................................................................................................. 433,674 54,230 379,444 0.04 18,998 2,376 16,622 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 629,996 304,628 325,368 0.17 104,103 50,338 53,765 Air transportation services ............................................................................................. 194,033 106,165 87,868 0.74 144,166 78,880 65,286 Rail transportation services............................................................................................ 85,157 38,930 46,227 0.04 3,593 1,643 1,950 Water transportation services ........................................................................................ 70,926 45,119 25,807 0.18 12,426 7,905 4,521 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 1,606 670 936 0.94 1,502 627 875 Interurban charter bus transportation............................................................................. 3,300 1,268 2,032 0.60 1,986 763 1,223 Urban transit systems and other transportation ............................................................. 44,023 21,030 22,993 0.10 4,573 2,185 2,389 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 16,788 10,436 6,352 0.26 4,350 2,704 1,646 Scenic and sightseeing transportation ........................................................................... 3,406 2,665 741 0.93 3,184 2,491 692 Automotive equipment rental and leasing ...................................................................... 56,324 21,965 34,360 0.56 31,680 12,354 19,326 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 116,651 48,790 67,861 0.06 6,669 2,789 3,879 Parking ........................................................................................................................... 14,042 5,226 8,816 0.13 1,853 690 1,163 Toll highways .................................................................................................................. 11,609 4,703 6,905 0.06 740 300 440 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. 46,192 21,885 24,307 0.95 43,812 20,757 23,054 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 79,452 31,118 48,333 0.20 16,259 6,368 9,891 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 65,404 23,669 41,735 0.23 15,064 5,451 9,612 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 72,874 36,374 36,500 0.19 13,839 6,908 6,932 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 62,307 16,703 45,605 0.50 31,090 8,334 22,756 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 50,338 22,045 28,294 0.20 9,952 4,358 5,594 Petroleum refineries ....................................................................................................... 751,172 593,346 157,826 0.11 84,700 66,904 17,796 Industries producing nondurable PCE commodities, excluding petroleum refineries..... 2,784,991 1,697,437 1,087,554 0.02 59,375 36,188 23,186 Wholesale trade and transportation services ................................................................. 1,894,163 707,971 1,186,192 0.02 39,505 14,765 24,739 Gasoline service stations ............................................................................................... 91,091 23,235 67,856 0.15 13,562 3,459 10,103 Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service stations ............................................. 1,426,526 523,026 903,501 0.02 35,256 12,926 22,330 All other industries.......................................................................................................... 20,504,628 8,512,380 11,992,247 0.00 13,712 5,692 8,019

Total ............................................................................................................................... 29,721,286 12,953,664 16,767,622 ......................... 869,585 415,530 454,055



Table 5. Output by Commodity, 2013 [Millions of dollars]

Commodity Domestic production at purchasers’ prices Tourism commodity ratio Direct tourism output Total commodity

output multiplier Total tourism-related output

Traveler accommodations ............................................................................................... 154,845 1.00 154,845 1.58 244,779 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 748,273 0.17 123,726 1.83 226,198 Domestic passenger air transportation services ............................................................ 92,275 1.00 92,275 1.74 160,790 International passenger air transportation services ....................................................... 51,393 1.00 51,393 1.74 89,553 Passenger rail transportation services ........................................................................... 2,235 1.00 2,235 1.75 3,900 Passenger water transportation services ....................................................................... 12,950 0.93 12,080 2.05 24,775 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 1,531 1.00 1,531 1.72 2,626 Interurban charter bus transportation ............................................................................. 1,800 1.00 1,800 1.72 3,088 Urban transit systems and other transportation services ............................................... 37,430 0.12 4,653 1.72 7,981 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 16,690 0.26 4,344 1.72 7,450 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 3,052 1.00 3,052 1.80 5,488 Automotive rental............................................................................................................ 36,229 0.88 31,961 1.60 51,298 Other vehicle rental ........................................................................................................ 899 0.96 862 1.60 1,384 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 184,923 0.06 11,651 1.56 18,172 Parking lots and garages ................................................................................................ 16,880 0.13 2,231 1.56 3,479 Highway tolls .................................................................................................................. 11,609 0.06 740 1.92 1,423 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. 45,936 0.95 43,811 1.53 66,885 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 65,980 0.38 25,043 1.77 44,237 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 21,374 0.26 5,472 1.76 9,652 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 59,736 0.20 11,929 1.71 20,364 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 89,775 0.51 45,680 1.71 77,982 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 57,872 0.19 11,198 1.73 19,352 Gasoline ......................................................................................................................... 499,331 0.21 103,191 1.50 154,620 Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline ........................................................ 3,539,464 0.03 123,879 2.05 253,786

Total ............................................................................................................................... 5,752,481 0.15 869,585 1.72 1,499,263


Table 6. Employment and Compensation of Employees by Industry, 2013

Industry Total employment (thousands of employees)

Compensation (millions of dollars)

Tourism industry ratio

Tourism employment (thousands of employees)

Tourism compensation

(millions of dollars)

Average compensation per tourism employee

Traveler accommodations ............................................................................................... 1,845 69,109 0.73 1,346 50,414 37,453 Vacation home rentals 1.................................................................................................. 185 13,670 0.04 8 599 74,069 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 10,403 221,696 0.17 1,719 36,634 21,311 Air transportation services.............................................................................................. 600 49,516 0.74 446 36,791 82,544 Rail transportation services ............................................................................................ 239 24,511 0.04 10 1,034 102,465 Water transportation services......................................................................................... 177 13,330 0.18 31 2,335 75,289 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 20 810 0.94 18 758 41,362 Interurban charter bus transportation ............................................................................. 21 1,287 0.60 13 775 61,367 Urban transit systems and other transportation ............................................................. 402 28,148 0.10 42 2,924 70,094 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 160 1,025 0.26 42 266 6,387 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 16 499 0.93 15 466 30,462 Automotive equipment rental and leasing ...................................................................... 161 9,195 0.56 91 5,172 57,100 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 869 49,097 0.06 50 2,807 56,488 Parking lots and garages ................................................................................................ 117 5,991 0.13 15 791 51,183 Toll highways .................................................................................................................. 65 5,467 0.06 4 349 84,672 Travel arrangement and reservation services ................................................................. 184 14,428 0.95 174 13,685 78,449 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 184 17,835 0.20 38 3,650 96,826 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 291 25,392 0.23 67 5,848 87,172 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 1,110 27,893 0.19 211 5,297 25,133 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 368 27,850 0.50 183 13,896 75,759 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 289 16,166 0.20 57 3,196 55,858 Petroleum refineries ....................................................................................................... 74 14,584 0.11 8 1,644 195,839 Industries producing nondurable PCE commodities, excluding petroleum refineries..... 6,054 414,235 0.02 129 8,831 68,424 Wholesale trade and transportation services ................................................................. 7,441 573,990 0.02 155 11,971 77,141 Gasoline service stations ............................................................................................... 646 30,507 0.15 96 4,542 47,240 Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service stations ............................................. 14,607 498,712 0.02 361 12,326 34,141 All other industries .......................................................................................................... 95,932 6,698,690 0.00 64 4,479 69,828

Total ............................................................................................................................... 142,460 8,853,634 ................................ 5,394 231,479 ................................



Table 7. Employment by Industry, 2013 [Thousands of employees]

Industry Direct tourism employment Total industry employment multiplier Total tourism-related employment

Traveler accommodations............................................................................................... 1,346 1.42 1,914 Vacation home rentals 1.................................................................................................. 8 1.58 13 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 1,719 1.19 2,048 Air transportation services ............................................................................................. 446 1.91 852 Rail transportation services............................................................................................ 10 2.42 24 Water transportation services ........................................................................................ 31 2.18 68 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 18 1.13 21 Interurban charter bus transportation............................................................................. 13 1.13 14 Urban transit systems and other transportation ............................................................. 42 1.16 49 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 42 1.13 47 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 15 1.34 20 Automotive equipment rental and leasing ...................................................................... 91 1.63 147 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 50 1.15 57 Parking lots and garages................................................................................................ 15 1.67 26 Toll highways .................................................................................................................. 4 2.15 9 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. 174 1.35 235 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 38 2.11 79 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 67 2.16 145 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 211 1.13 238 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 183 1.92 352 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 57 1.51 86 Petroleum refineries ....................................................................................................... 8 1.80 15 Industries producing nondurable PCE commodities, excluding petroleum refineries..... 129 2.45 316 Wholesale trade and transportation services ................................................................. 155 1.60 249 Gasoline service stations ............................................................................................... 96 1.22 117 Retail trade services, excluding gasoline service stations ............................................. 361 1.22 441 All other industries.......................................................................................................... 64 1.77 113

Total ............................................................................................................................... 5,394 .............................................................. 7,695


Table 8. Real Tourism Output, 2013

Commodity Direct output (millions of dollars) Chain-type price index Real output

(millions of chained (2009) dollars)

Traveler accommodations............................................................................................... 154,845 106.0 146,103 Food services and drinking places ................................................................................. 123,726 109.0 113,466 Domestic passenger air transportation services ............................................................ 92,275 121.3 76,059 International passenger air transportation services ....................................................... 51,393 121.9 42,161 Passenger rail transportation services ........................................................................... 2,235 112.6 1,985 Passenger water transportation services ....................................................................... 12,080 97.0 12,448 Interurban bus transportation ......................................................................................... 1,531 118.5 1,292 Interurban charter bus transportation............................................................................. 1,800 118.6 1,518 Urban transit systems and other transportation services ............................................... 4,653 117.3 3,967 Taxi service..................................................................................................................... 4,344 117.0 3,713 Scenic and sightseeing transportation services ............................................................. 3,052 104.0 2,934 Automotive rental............................................................................................................ 31,961 96.8 33,002 Other vehicle rental ........................................................................................................ 862 110.3 782 Automotive repair services ............................................................................................. 11,651 107.5 10,835 Parking lots and garages................................................................................................ 2,231 118.9 1,876 Highway tolls .................................................................................................................. 740 114.5 646 Travel arrangement and reservation services................................................................. 43,811 103.4 42,388 Motion pictures and performing arts............................................................................... 25,043 105.9 23,647 Spectator sports ............................................................................................................. 5,472 108.1 5,061 Participant sports ........................................................................................................... 11,929 102.8 11,606 Gambling ........................................................................................................................ 45,680 108.6 42,055 All other recreation and entertainment ........................................................................... 11,198 105.4 10,622 Gasoline ......................................................................................................................... 103,191 150.9 68,389 Nondurable PCE commodities other than gasoline........................................................ 123,879 107.4 115,338

Total ............................................................................................................................... 869,585 112.5 728,095


Documents

U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts for 1998-2014