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Urban Morphology of the City of Tshwane
DARREN NEL & ALBERT FERREIRA WITH SERGE SALAT 01.08.2013
Introduction
• Comparative typology analysis between various areas in the City of Tshwane and International Examples
Scale of analysis:
• 1600m X 1600m (1 square mile)
• 800m X 800m
• Block and Building interface
Morphological Typology in the City of Tshwane
Case study areas
• Inner city of Pretoria Tshwane
– Grid model
– Fine grain grid
• Suburban – Classic Open
– Enclosed and Gated communities
• Township
– Informal
– “RDP”
• Rural
Case study Areas
1 square mile selection
Woodhill Brooklyn
CDB Zambezi Irene
Attridgeville Hammanskraal
Mamelodi
Ahmedabad: 2700 intersections Hammanskraal
Ahmedabad: 2700 intersections Mamelodi
Marabastad
40m
70m
240m
140m
Pretoria Central
CBD of Tshwane New York
CBD of Tshwane San Francisco: 137 intersections
CBD of Tshwane Barcelona: 168 intersections
CBD of Tshwane Brooklyn
CBD of Tshwane
Marabastad
Walnut Creek: 107 intersections Zambezi Country Estate
Paris Attridgeville
Walnut Creek: 107 intersections Woodhill estate
Inner city Blocks
Key scales for urban sustainability
City scale
• Compact
• Connected
Community scale
• Walkable
• Accessible
Block scale
• Mixed use
• Diversified
800mX800m area
22
The Contrast between interface and use
Informal Trader Mobile Street Trader Chain Store/National Retailer Convenience Store Wholesale Arcade/Shopping centre route Individual Shop Speciality Retail
LEGEND 24
Small Blocks with subdivisions and mixed uses
Informal Trader Mobile Street Trader Chain Store/National Retailer Convenience Store Wholesale Arcade/Shopping centre route Individual Shop Speciality Retail
LEGEND 25
Grid Resilience & Subdivisions
1939
1958
1976
1991
2013
Menlyn Maine Attridgeville CBD Brooklyn Zambezi Estate
Neighbourhood Analysis
Selected study areas
Brooklyn
Brooklyn: unit of analysis (800 x 800 m blocks)
Does not lend itself to large enclosures
Irene
Irene: unit of analysis (800 x 800 m blocks)
Newlands
Case 2: Newlands (enclosed area)
Newlands: Unit of analysis (800 x 800m block)
Most of Pretoria east: suburban layout
The evolution of the suburban tree
Salat (2012)
A B C D
Silver Lakes
Silver Lakes: unit of analysis (800 x 800 m block)
The evolution of the suburban tree
Indicator What is being
calculated Brooklyn Irene Silver Lakes Newlands
Intensity Surface occupied by road
network (%) 9.1 15.4 24.8 37.5
Connectivity
Connectivity of the car
grid 31.6 28.1 12.5 28.1
Cyclomatic complexity of
the car grid (per 0.64
km²)
25 26 11 14
Average distance
between intersections
car grid (m)
150 152 224 147
External Connectivity
(How easy is it to get
outside of the area)
34 2 2 3
Proximity
The mean distance
between two
destinations (nearest
major shopping centre –
straight line distance)
Less than 1 km Less than 1 km Between 1 and 2 km Less than 1 km
Diversity
The number of different
uses More than 6 More than 6 2 1
Number of road
hierarchies 2 1 1 2
The evolution of the suburban tree
Salat (2012)
A B C D
The evolution of the suburban tree
Adapted from Salat (2012)
A B C D E
Should it be considered as a new type of urban morphology or just the ultimate manifestation of suburbia?
The evolution of the suburban tree
Evolution of modernistic planning In Tshwane
Gated communities: concentrated
Gated off areas take up ±2.3% of the area of the City of Tshwane
Selected area of concentration
Concentration of different types