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URBANDESIGN

PRINCIPLESCase Study : Central River Front Development

!amilton Country" Cin#innati

Su$mitted By

R%S% &i'nes( )umar

A%S%Arvint( Samy

&t( Semester

R%&%S% S#(ool o* ar#(ite#ture

Dindi'ul+,%

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Contents :

1. Introduction

2. Urban Design Principlesa. Central River Front Urban

Design Case Study,

Hamilton Country.

i. Streets,

ii. Parks and Open Spaces,

iii. Highway Barriers,

iv. Parking,

v. cono!ic Develop!ent Sites,

vi. "ttractions,

vii. Public #ransportation,

viii. Scale o$ Develop!ent.

1. INR!DUCI!N:

UR"#N D$SI%N:

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Urban design is the key to !aking places where

talented people will want to live, which will nurture

econo!ic success.

It is our hope that the Urban Design %o!pendiu! will

assist proponents and designers in creating vibrant anddyna!ic neighborhood places within our co!!unity.

#he value in building &people 'rst( develop!ents is

wide ranging.

)ore!ost, it encourages a co!pact urban $or!, which

pro!otes alternative and healthy transportation

choices *i.e., walking, cycling and transit+, better use o$

!unicipal in$rastructure and !aintains the viability o$

neighborhood businesses.

Over the longer ter!, this style o$ develop!ent $osters

a distinct co!!unity character that builds a brand and

civic pride $or the %ity and its neighborhoods.

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. F#C#D$ #ND IN$RF#C$:

It is i!portant that all sections o$ a building contribute

to the continuity o$ the public real! and create a

consistent street wall.

le!ents such as corners, !ain entrances, unit

entrance, balconies, porches, patios, appropriate

signage, awnings and lighting are i!portant in the

design o$ a building.

"ll o$ these ele!ents rein$orce the public real!

*pedestrian environ!ent+, are aesthetically pleasing

and adds to the pedestrian e-perience.

. "UI&DIN% S$"#C'S:

)or !i-ed use, retail or co!!ercial buildings, the built

$or! should nor!ally be located at or near the property

line to rein$orce the streetscape and create a /uality

pedestrian e-perience.

0ith residential built $or!, the setback is dependent on

the building1s type. )or apart!ent and townhouse$or!s, the building should be located at or near the

property line to ensure the proper proportions are

created $or the public real!.

Opportunities should be sought to create $orecourts or

$ront gardens to so$ten the hardscape condition along

the street.

)or single $a!ily dwellings, the built $or! should belocated between 23! $ro! the property line.

#his setback ensures there is a proper growing space

$or trees rein$orces the streetscape and creates a

/uality pedestrian environ!ent.

1. (#R'IN%:

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Parking is integral to the success o$ a pro4ect5 however,

its location on the site is also i!portant to the successo$ achieving a sense o$ place $or the neighborhood andthe subse/uent public real!.

)or larger building type *i.e. apart!ents, o6ce buildings

or !i-ed use buildings+ the parking should be situatedunderground or at the rear o$ the site in a sur$ace orstructured $or!at.

By placing the parking in these locations, it allows $or

the built $or! to be at or near the property lineensuring both a positive streetscape and pedestrianenviron!ent are created.

%oupled with the building location noted above, parking

underground or to the rear o$ the site also per!its

active uses at grade5 this $urther assists with creating avibrant and dyna!ic public real!.

In s!aller building type *i.e. single $a!ily dwellings and

townhouses+, parking or garages should not be situated

in $ront o$ the built $or! line, parking at the rear or side

o$ the house is appropriate.

7ear laneway situations could be considered $or these

types, in order to !ove the parking co!ponents to the

rear o$ the property5 this allows $or an enhanced public

real! and pedestrian e-perience.

). *#SSIN% #ND SC#&$:

#he !assing o$ a proposed develop!ent, as noted

above is conte-tual in nature and should !aintain ahu!an scale.

In in'll situations, the urban character already e-ists

and the !assing should be consistent with thesurrounding built $or!.

#his includes detailed design ele!ents, such as,

windows, orna!entation, !aterials and visual bulk.

)or !ore suburban situations, the !assing should

encourage a !ore urban character and !ay notconte-tually 't in the i!!ediate ter!, but will overti!e as the area shi$ts $ro! a suburban character toone with urban /ualities.

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On taller buildings, step backs and roo$ treat!ents are

desirable to help achieve a better scale and visual

appeal $or the public real!.

Buildings with a height greater than $our storeys should

use step backs to reduce the i!pact on the pedestrian

e-perience.

#he stepbacks allow $or greater sunlight into the street,

a built $or! with a hu!an scale and a reduction o$ wind

e8ects on pedestrians.

In addition to step backs, roo$ top treat!ents are

desirable as they cap the building and provide an

architectural 'nish to overall co!position.

-posed !echanical penthouses and other devices do

not help to create high /uality city skyline.

+. SI$ !U:

#he layout o$ the site is heavily in9uenced by the

characteristics o$ the site itsel$. In9uences on the layout

include, but are not li!ited to: topography5 e-isting andpotential routes *pedestrian, cycle, transit and

vehicular+5 parks and open spaces5 natural $eatures5

view corridors5 and site access.

#he overall site layout needs to success$ully integrate

with the surrounding land $or!s and $oster a positive

relationship with the surrounding built $or! and provide

a /uality streetscape to enhance the routes that

intersect the site $or pedestrians, cyclist, transit users

and vehicles.

-. "UI&DIN% ($:

"long with !assing and scale, building type has an

i!portant role in creating a /uality public real!.

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Building type includes a variety o$ characteristics, such

as the si;e o$ the building1s 9oor plate, its storey

heights, !eans and location o$ access and the

building1s relationship to e-ternal spaces at grade.

"ll o$ these ele!ents are in9uential in creating a /uality

public real! that is en4oyable $or all user types.

On larger building typologies *i.e. apart!ents and o6ce

buildings+, s!aller 9oor plates are desirable as they

per!it sunlight into the street and breaks down the

visual bulk o$ the large !ass that is usually created by

this built $or! type.

#he building1s relationship to the e-ternal spaces at

ground level is also i!portant.

#o ensure a /uality public real!, entrances to the

ground 9oor units, whether co!!ercial or residential,

should $ront the street5 otherwise the building will be

backing onto or 9anking the street.

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distance5 density and !i- are also in9uential on

building type, site layout and neighborhood character.

#he intensity o$ activity should be relative to the place1s

accessibility and pro-i!ity to a range o$ uses.

0. *#$RI#&S:

#he !aterials chosen $or a pro4ect are the skin o$ the

building5 it is what ties all o$ the urban design ele!ents

together.

=aterials can &!ake or break( the success o$ a pro4ect.

0hen choosing !aterials, it is i!portant to understand

scale.

#he si;e and repetition o$ a !aterial can add a

di!ension to the built $or! and assist in creating a

positive streetscape.

=aterials such as stucco and concrete, which can be

applied as a sold !aterial with no relie$ is not a

desirable design response.

I. Streets:

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Re-

establish the city grid to the rivera. #he e-isting river$ront road syste! is a $rag!ent o$ the

historic downtown street grid.b. #he original street network e-tended $ro! %entral

Parkway on the northern edge o$ downtown to the

Public >anding on the river.c. #he heart o$ the city was thus connected to the river.

#he construction o$ )ort 0ashington 0ay in the ?@Ase8ectively broke this link by severing virtually all o$ thenorthsouth street connections.

d. #he water$ront was $urther isolated in the early ?CAsby the erection o$ %inergy )ield and its parking decks.

e. In order to reconnect the %ity to its Ohio 7iver address,northsouth Street connections to the 7iver !ust bereestablished.

$. %entral, l!, 7ace,

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Transform existing isolated parks into ariverfront park system.

a. #he e-isting parks to the east o$ the central river$ront$or! one o$ the world1s !ost inviting river$ront greenspaces.

b. eat!an1s %ove, Bicentennial %o!!ons at SawyerPoint, and International )riendship Park each re9ect thecorrect pattern o$ river$ront develop!ent, in which apark acts as a !ediator between the %ity and the river.

c. #he only criticis!s which can be !ade o$ these parksare that they are disconnected $ro! downtown andneighborhood pedestrian networks and isolated $ro!residential and co!!ercial develop!ent.

d. 7edevelop!ent o$ the area between the %lay 0adeBailey and #aylor Southgate Bridges will trans$or! theisolated parks into a river$ront park syste!.

e. "ppro-i!ately @Aacres o$ parking lots and warehousescan be re!ade into a public open space as a new $ront

door $or downtown. =ehring 0ay will be recon'gured tocreate a de'ned northern edge to the park.

III. Hig45ay "arriers:

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Seize the

opportunity to remove Fort Washington Way asa barrier to the riverfront

)ort 0ashington 0ay was built at the height o$

interstate highway construction in the ?@As to connectI2C@ to I2C and to provide direct interstate access todowntown %incinnati.

"lthough the concept see!ed correct at the ti!e, the

e-ecution o$ the highway design resulted in a tangled

syste! o$ ra!ps, bridges and intersections. It also had the unplanned e8ect o$ cutting o8 the

physical and perceptual links between downtown andthe river$ront.

"n opportunity e-ists today to re!ove the ele!ents o$

)ort 0ashington 0ay1s design which !ake it a barrier tothe river$ront.

#he proposed reconstruction is designed to $acilitate

below2grade eastwest through !ove!ents and to

restore the historic sur$ace street pattern. Sidewalks and street trees will replace the e-isting

!a;e o$ highway e-its and unclai!ed spaces and thehighway corridor will be narrowed to be in scale withtypical city blocks.

7e!oving )ort 0ashington 0ay as a barrier is a key

principal $or the success$ul redevelop!ent o$ thecentral river$ront.

I6. (aring:

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reate centrally-located!

multipurposeparking

" ??E study o$

%incinnati1s downtown parking resources revealed thatalthough the %ity has an abundance o$ parking spaces,!any o$ the! are located $ar $ro! where they are !ostneeded.

-cess capacity at the peri!eter o$ downtown currently

o8sets a severe shortage o$ parking in the %entralBusiness District.

#he river$ront, with its over FAAA spaces, is a key part

o$ this e-cess capacity and an essential resource.

#o preserve the balanced parking supply, new

structured parking !ust be built to serve bothdowntown o6ce and stadiu! users.

Since o6ce workers will typically only walk a /uarter o$

a !ile or less, new structured spaces should beconcentrated in the central river$ront andor west o$Broadway %o!!ons.

#he creation o$ a new shared parking reservoir is the

best insurance against downtown parking shortagesand unecono!ical re!ote garages.

6. $3onomi3 Develoment Sites:

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"reserve sites #hich are linked to do#nto#n!the stadiums! and parking for economic

development

#he river$ront and Broadway %o!!ons are the two

likely sites $or stadiu! and econo!ic develop!ent.

0ithin these two sites, the central river$ront between

l! and 0alnut Streets and the western tip o$Broadway %o!!ons have the uni/ue $eature o$ beingsi!ultaneously linked to downtown, the river$ront, the

stadiu! sites, and parking. #his characteristic !akes these two areas the best sites

to preserve $or $uture develop!ent opportunities.

7e!oving )ort 0ashington 0ay as a barrier to

river$ront develop!ent is a critical supporting initiative$or the river$ront strategy.

%reating a !ulti2!odal transit and parking $acility in the

)ort 0ashington 0ay corridor is also a key to attractingnew invest!ent.

Develop!ent on the Broadway %o!!ons site will notonly bene't $ro! supporting uses, but will in turn $uelresidential revitali;ation in the Over2the2 7hineneighborhood.

By preserving the central river$ront between l! and

0alnut Streets and the western tip o$ Broadway%o!!ons $or $uture econo!ic develop!ent, %incinnatiwill be establishing the $oundation $or the onlyopportunity to e-tend the downtown core.

6I. #ttra3tions:

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$ink attractions to the do#nto#n retail ando%ce core

a. " !a4or goal o$ the public invest!ent in the twosports stadiu!s is to strengthen downtown retail,entertain!ent, and cultural businesses andorgani;ations.

b. I$ cultural attractions, residential develop!ent,andor co!!ercial develop!ent are located on the

central river$ront, they should be linked to the )ourthStreet retail core, )i$th Street hotels, )ountainS/uare, and the backstage cultural district.

c. #he new river$ront attractions can be seen as aGstring o$ pearls,1 a collection o$ valuable culturalassets. #his Gstring o$ pearls1 runs $ro! the river$ront,across the reconstructed )ort 0ashington 0ay, andinto the downtown.

d. #hus the developed river$ront beco!es 4ust one parto$ a vibrant and sea!less downtown with a variety o$uses, including stadiu!s, cultural attractions, retail,hotels, entertain!ent, housing, o6ces, and parks 2 atrue 32hour city.

6II. (ubli3 ransortation:

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onstruct an $RT or parking shuttle to linkneighborhoods and parking #ith do#nto#n incinnati

and &entucky.a. " new light rail transit line to link the airport,

orthern entucky, downtown %incinnati, theUniversity o$ %incinnati, and northern neighborhoodshas been in the conceptual planning stages $or so!eti!e.

b. #he pre$erred align!ent would include a new bridgeparallel to the %lay 0ade Bailey Bridge on the upriverside. "n Ginter!odal1 hub below Second Street isplanned as the line1s key trans$er point to bus and

inter2urban rail networks.c. "lthough the region1s transportation plan has !any

other i!portant pro4ects, the option o$ light rail *oran e/uivalent parking shuttle syste!+ should be parto$ the revitali;ation o$ the %incinnati river$ront.

d. One key argu!ent $or the >7# is that it would linkre!ote parking reservoirs with stadiu! and %entralBusiness District parking needs, thereby reducing there/uire!ent $or new downtown structured parking

spaces.

6III. S3ale o7 Develoment:

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"reserve the vie# from do#nto#n to the riverandfrom the river to do#nto#n.

a. "!ong %incinnati1s greatest assets are the views$ro! the %entral Business District to the 7oeblingBridge and Ohio 7iver, and $ro! the Ohio 7iver andthe entucky river$ront back to downtown %incinnati.

b. =any citi;ens said that the %ity skyline as viewed$ro! the south is %incinnati1s signature i!age. Inorder to preserve this asset, new buildings in the

central river$ront should be scaled to the supporte-isting sight lines.

c. Building heights should step down $ro! )ort0ashington way to =ehring 0ay, with stadiu!spushed as $ar to the east and the west as possible.

d. #his approach will guarantee that the !a-i!u!nu!ber o$ the e-isting and $uture downtownbuildings will share the %ity1s !ost prestigiousriver$ront address.