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33333

s a r C e v is a r C e v is a r C e v is a r C e v is a r C e v i

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba

kanoni ukanonobiskanoni ukanonobiskanoni ukanonobiskanoni ukanonobiskanoni ukanonobis

winaaRmdegwinaaRmdegwinaaRmdegwinaaRmdegwinaaRmdeg

saqarTveloSi adamianissaqarTveloSi adamianissaqarTveloSi adamianissaqarTveloSi adamianissaqarTveloSi adamianis

uflebebis Sesaxebuflebebis Sesaxebuflebebis Sesaxebuflebebis Sesaxebuflebebis Sesaxeb

2002 wlis moxseneba2002 wlis moxseneba2002 wlis moxseneba2002 wlis moxseneba2002 wlis moxseneba

`vinc bnels naTlad`vinc bnels naTlad`vinc bnels naTlad`vinc bnels naTlad`vinc bnels naTlad

saxavs da naTels _saxavs da naTels _saxavs da naTels _saxavs da naTels _saxavs da naTels _

bnelad~bnelad~bnelad~bnelad~bnelad~

irakli kotetiSviliirakli kotetiSviliirakli kotetiSviliirakli kotetiSviliirakli kotetiSvili

N5(17), maisi, 2003N5(17), maisi, 2003N5(17), maisi, 2003N5(17), maisi, 2003N5(17), maisi, 2003

99999

2121212121

3333333333

rogor moviqceT Turogor moviqceT Turogor moviqceT Turogor moviqceT Turogor moviqceT Tu

mowmed gamogviZaxes?mowmed gamogviZaxes?mowmed gamogviZaxes?mowmed gamogviZaxes?mowmed gamogviZaxes?

vladimer albrextivladimer albrextivladimer albrextivladimer albrextivladimer albrexti

4747474747

mediis profesiulimediis profesiulimediis profesiulimediis profesiulimediis profesiuli

standartistandartistandartistandartistandarti

`Tavisufleba~ sardafSi...`Tavisufleba~ sardafSi...`Tavisufleba~ sardafSi...`Tavisufleba~ sardafSi...`Tavisufleba~ sardafSi... 4848484848

nugzar papuaSvilinugzar papuaSvilinugzar papuaSvilinugzar papuaSvilinugzar papuaSvili

4646464646

eTikuri JurnalistikaeTikuri JurnalistikaeTikuri JurnalistikaeTikuri JurnalistikaeTikuri Jurnalistika

3TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

irakli

kotetiSvili

kanoni

ukanonobis

winaaRmdeg

moqalaqeebis ukanono dakaveba da Cxreka,

dausabuTebeli narkologiuri eqspertizis

Catareba, Tavisuflebis SezRudvis adgilebSi

moTavsebuli pirebis wameba da winaswari

gamoZiebis etapze sxva darRvevebi namdvilad

ar aris ucxo Cveni sagamoZiebo da mokvlevis

organoebis yoveldRiuri saqmianobisTvis.

mizezi, albaT, pirvel rigSi, im normatiul

aqtSi unda veZioT, romelic awesrigebs

urTierTobebs, erTis mxriv, eWvmitanils,

braldebuls, gansasjelsa da msjavrdebuls da

meors mxriv, procesis mwarmoebel organoebs

Soris. Tumca, bavSvuri miamitoba iqneboda,

yovelive es mxolod saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsSi arsebuli

xarvezebisaTvis dagvebralebina. yvelaferTan

erTad, uflebadarRvevis seriozuli mizezi

xSirad Tavad dazaralebulTa pasiuroba, zog

SemTxvevaSi ki elementaruli samarTlebrivi

codnis arqonaa.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba4 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

samarTaldamcavi organoebis

mier ganxorcielebuli ukanono

qmedebebisagan Tavis dasacavad,

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsi awesebs ramdenime

seriozul garantias. maTgan

erT-erTi mniSvnelovania

eWvmitanilis ufleba, isargeblos

damcvelis (ara umetes samisa)

momsaxurebiT, masTan SeTanxmebiT,

anazRaurebiT an anazRaurebis

gareSe (rodesac eWvmitanili

arasmqonea, rac dasturdeba

adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis an

mmarTvelobis organos mier gacemuli

dokumentiT). Tuki eWvmitanili

isargeblebs ufaso (saxazino)

damcvelis momsaxurebiT, es

anazRaurdeba saxelmwifo biujetidan.

eWvmitanils SeuZlia, Sexvdes damcvels

marto, dReSi araumetes erTi saaTisa.

marTalia, 2001 wlis Sesworebebis

wyalobiT, saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT mowmes

advokatis daxmarebiT sargeblobis

ufleba eZleva, magram praqtikaSi am

normas iseTive moqmedebis Zala aqvs,

rogorc faratina qaRalds. arada, swored

am normis ignorireba qmnis praqtikas, roca

zRvari mowmesa da eWvmitanils Soris

dakiTxvisTanave iSleba da swored mowmed

dabarebuli pirebis mniSvnelovani nawili

dakiTxvis damTavrebisTanave `eWvmitanili~

xdeba. Cvenebis micemaze mowmis uari ki,

mogexsenebaT, sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulia.

vfiqrob, mowmisaTvis damcvelis momsaxurebiT

sargeblobis uflebis ignorireba igivea, mowmes

ar Seatyobino, Tu ra saqmis gamoa

gamoZaxebuli.

Tumca, umjobesi iqneba, davubrundeT imas, riTic

daviwyeT. erT_erTi mniSvnelovani darRveva,

rasac yvelaze xSirad mimarTaven qarTveli

samarTaldamcavebi, fizikuri an/da fsiqikuri

zemoqmedebis faqtebia.

5TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

ra instrumentebs icnobs ganviTarebuli

qveynebis sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kanonmdebloba am senisagan Tavis dasacavad?

erT_erTi mniSvnelovani berketi aris samedicino

Semowmebis daniSvna, procesis mwarmoebeli organoebis

mxridan dakavebulze Tu sxvagvarad

TavisuflebaSezRudul pirze ganxorcielebuli

fizikuri an/da fsiqikuri zemoqmedebis formebis

dadgenis mizniT. samedicino Semowmebis moTxovnis

ufleba eWvmitanils pirvelive dakiTxvis Semdeg

uCndeba. bunebrivia, samarTaldamcavebs es faqti

mniSvnelovnad `aSfoTebT~. Tumca, amasTan erTad,

principulad mniSvnelovania, dadgindes im

subieqtTa wre, visac samedicino Semowmebis

daniSvnis uflebamosileba gaaCnia. Tu

samedicino Semowmebis daniSvnis

uflebamosileba mxolod procesis

mwarmoebel organos eqneba, es niSnavs imas,

rom maTi mxridan ukanonobis Cadenis

SemTxvevaSi, samedicino Semowmebis

daniSvnas arc unda elodeT. samedicino

Semowmebis daniSvnis ufleba

dazaralebulis xelSi mniSvnelovani

iaraRia, sakuTari uflebebis

dasacavad. samedicino Semowmebis

moTxovnis ufleba gaaCnia rogorc

eWvmitanils, romelic moaTavses

Tavisuflebis SezRudvis adgilas,

aseve braldebuls.

adamianis uflebebis darRvevebis

umetesi wili piris dakavebisa da

winaswari gamoZiebis etapze modis.

eWvmitanilis dakavebisas

samarTaldamcavebi amjobineben,

eWvmitanilisagan aRiarebiTi

Cveneba fizikuri Tu fsiqikuri

zemoqmedebiT miiRon. Tumca, unda

aRiniSnos, rom damnaSavis

aRiarebiTi Cveneba ar aris im

rangis mtkicebuleba, romelsac

SeiZleba, sasamarTlo daeyrdnos.

amis Sesaxeb pirdapir miuTiTebs

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsi.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba6 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

vin unda daakmayofilos

dakavebuli eWvmitanilis

an braldebulis moTxovna

samedicino Semowmebis

Catarebaze?

momkvlevma gamomZiebelma an

prokurorma. es subieqti

konkretulad ganisazRvreba imisda

mixedviT, Tu vis warmoebaSia esa Tu

is sisxlis samarTlis saqme.

rac Seexeba dakavebuli Tu

sxvagvarad TavisuflebaSezRuduli

piris SedarebiT seriozul statuss,

esaa _ braldebuli. braldebulad

iTvleba piri, romlis mimarTac

gamotanilia gamomZieblis an

prokuroris dadgenileba sisxlis

samarTlis saqmis aRZvris Sesaxeb.

dadgenileba unda Seicavdes im

qmedebis aRweras, romlis Cadenac

bralad edeba pirs, da mis sisxlis

samarTlebriv kvalifikacias.

braldebulad pasuxisgebaSi micemis

Sesaxeb dadgenilebis gamotana

SeiZleba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu

arsebobs mtkicebulebebi, romlebic

SesaZleblobas iZleva, albaTobis

maRali xarisxiT damtkicdes, rom am

pirma Caidina danaSauli.

braldebuls arsebiTad igive

uflebebi gaaCnia, rac eWvmitanils.

arc Tu iSviaTad, winaswari

patimrobis adgilebSi braldebulis

mimarTac igive kanonsawinaaRmdego

moqmedebebi xorcieldeba, rac

eWvmitanilis mimarT.

erT-erTi gavrcelebuli termini,

romliTac xasiaTdeba sagamoZiebo

organoebis ukanono moqmedebebi,

aris `saqmis Sekerva~. am dros erT-

erT mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs

saqmisaTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelobis

mqone eqspertizis Sedegebi.

7TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsi eqspertizis

daniSvnis safuZvlad aRiarebs:

saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone

faqtobriv garemoebaTa dasadgenad

mecnierebis, teqnikis, xelovnebis

saTanado dargis an ama Tu im

xelobis specialistTa daskvnas. Tu

momkvlevi, gamomZiebeli, prokurori,

specialisti an damswre flobs am

specialur codnas, es ar

gamoricxavs eqspertizis daniSvnis

aucileblobas. eqspertiza iniSneba

momkvlevis, gamomZieblis an

prokuroris dadgenilebiT. xSirad

eWvmitanili da braldebuli

acxadeben xolme (da arc Tu

usafuZvlod), rom eqspertiza

mikerZoebulad Catarda, rac saqmis

araswori mimarTulebiT warmarTvis

safuZveli SeiZleba gaxdes. saboloo

jamSi ki saxeze gvaqvs eWvmitanilTa

da braldebulTa uflebebis

darRveva. swored amitom

iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi

alternatiuli eqspertizis

Catarebis SesaZleblobas. mxares

ufleba aqvs, sakuTari iniciativiTa

da sakuTar xarjze Caataros

eqspertiza im garemoebaTa

dasadgenad, romelTac, mxaris azriT,

SeuZliaT, xeli Seuwyon misive

interesebis dacvas. eqspertizis

Catarebisa da eqpertis winaSe

dasmuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb mxarem

dauyovnebliv unda acnobos

momkvlevs _ gamomZiebels an

prokurors, romlis warmoebaSicaa

sisxlis samarTlis saqme. saeqsperto

dawesebuleba valdebulia, Caataros

mxaris mier daniSnuli da

anazRaurebuli eqspertiza. mxaris

moTxovniT, eqspertizis daskvna

savaldebulo wesiT daerTvis

sisxlis samarTlis saqmes da

Sefasdeba sxva mtkicebulebebTan

erTad. eqspertizis daskvna ar aris

savaldebulo eqspertizis

damniSvneli pirisaTvis, magram Tu is

eTanxmeba daskvnas, es motivirebuli

unda iyos. Tu sisxlis samarTlis

saqmeze Catarda ramdenime eqpertiza

da eqspertebs Soris azrTa

sxvadasxvaobaa, udanaSaulobis

prezumfciidan gamomdinare, eWvi

eWvmitanilis an braldebulis

sasargeblod unda gadawydes.

SeiZleba Tu ara piris

mimarT iZulebiTi

eqspertizis Catareba?

qirurgiuli an samedicino

gamokvlevebis sxva meTodebis

gamoyeneba, romlebic Zlieri

tkivilis SegrZnebas iwveven,

dasaSvebia mxolod im piris

TanxmobiT, romelsac eqpertiza unda

Cautardes, xolo Tu mas 16 wlis

asakisaTvis ar miuRwevia an

fsiqikurad aris daavadebuli,

mSoblebis, meurveebis an

mzrunvelebis TanxmobiT.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba8 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsi

iTvaliswinebs sisxlis

samarTlis saqmeze

samoqalaqo sarCelis

wardgenis SesaZleblobas.

ras gulisxmobs es?

magaliTad, Tu Tqvendami

arakeTilganwyobilma mezobelma

cecxli waukida Tqvens saTavsos,

romelic Tqvens kanonier sakuTrebas

warmoadgens, mis winaaRmdeg saqmis

aRsaZvrelad yvelanairi formaluri

safuZveli arsebobs. bunebrivia,

damnaSavis dasja erTgvarad

SegimsubuqebT moyenebul zians

(moralurs mainc). magram es

srulebiT ar aris sakmarisi.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi,

dazaralebulisaTvis arsebiTi

mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebas

miyenebuli materialuri zaralis

anazRaureba warmoadgens. damnaSavis

dasjis garda, saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsi miyenebuli zianis

anazRaurebasac iTvaliswinebs.

amisaTvis saWiroa, rom Tqven sisxlis

samarTlis procesis mimdinareobis

dros SeitanoT samoqalaqo sarCeli

da moiTxovoT kompensacia.

visgan unda moiTxovoT

kompensacia, Tuki saqmis

warmoebis SeCerebis

SemTxvevaSi braldebuli

daimaleba, daudgenelia misi

adgilsamyofeli an Tavad

pasuxisgebaSi misacemi piri?

am SemTxvevaSi zianis anazRaurebis

Sesaxeb sarCeli SeiZleba waredginos

saxelmwifos samoqalaqo

samarTalwarmoebis wesiT. Tumca,

unda aRiniSnos, rom sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsis muxli, romelic

amis saSualebas iZleva, 2005 wlamde

ar Seva ZalaSi. swored am dromde ar

amoqmeddeba saxelmwifos mier

danaSaulis Sedegad miyenebuli

zianis kompensirebis muxli, romelic

im SemTxvevebze vrceldeba, roca

saxelmwifo ver xsnis danaSauls.

9TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

adamianis Tavisuflebisa da xelSeuxeblobis ufleba

nawili I. pirovnebis xelSeuxebloba

g. wameba, sastiki/arahumanuri da damamcirebeli mopyroba da dasja

konstitucia krZalavs amgvar qmedebebs. Tumca, gaeros adamianis uflebaTa

komitetis (UNHRC) monacemebiT, Zalovani uwyebis warmomadgenlebi ganagrZobdnen

patimarTa da dakavebulTa wamebas, cemas da sxva damamcirebel mopyrobas,

ZiriTadad fulis gamoZalvis an danaSaulis aRiarebis mizniT. saerTaSoriso da

adgilobrivi damkvirveblebi aRniSnaven, rom amgvari qmedebebi gaxSirda 2000 wlis

saprezidento arCevnebis Semdeg. seriozul problemad rCeba policielebis mier

iseTi saxis danaSaulis Cadena, rogoricaa samxilis gayalbeba an xelovnurad Seqmna.

2002 wels ramdenime policiis oficeri sasamarTlos winaSe warsdga, zogi maTgani

policiis rigebidan daiTxoves, zogi ki Tanamdebobidan daaqveiTes. miuxedavad amisa,

dausjelobis sindromi kvlav problemad rCeba. adamianis uflebebis sferoSi

momuSave damkvirvebelTa gancxadebiT, bevri policieli Tvlis, rom aseT qmedebebze

maT pasuxi ar moeTxovebaT.

qveyndeba

aSS-s saxelmwifo

departamentis demokratiis,

adamianis uflebebisa

da Sromis biuros mier

31 marti, 2003 w.

saqarTveloSi

adamianis uflebebis

Sesaxeb

2002 wlis moxseneba(ibeWdeba SemoklebiT)

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba10 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

mTavrobis warmomadgenlebma aRiares,

rom warsulSi Sss-s TanamSromlebi

regularulad scemdnen patimrebsa da

dakavebulebs da arRvevdnen maT

uflebebs. oficialuri pirebi amis

mizezad policielTa arasaTanado

wvrTnas, gamoZiebisa da dacvis

samsaxurebis sust kontrols da

saTanado aRWurvilobis arqonas

asaxeleben, rac danergili praqtikis

gagrZelebas uwyobs xels. mas Semdeg, rac

samarTaldamcavebma gamoTqves SeSfoTeba

imis gamo, rom saqarTvelos sisxlis

samarTlis axali saproceso kodeqsiT

gaTvaliswinebuli damcavi meqanizmebi

gaarTulebda kriminalTan brZolas,

1999 da 2000 wels kodeqsSi Seitanes

Sesworebebi, ris Sedegadac

samarTaldamcavebs bevri dakarguli

ufleba aRudgaT (ix. nawili I. e.).

Sesworebebis Sedegad, dakavebul pirs,

gamoZiebis procesSi uflebis darRvevis

SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTloSi sarCelis

Setanis ufleba CamoerTva da mxolod

prokuraturaSi gasaCivrebis ufleba

darCa.

adamianis uflebebis damcvelTa

informaciiT, 2002 wlis ganmavlobaSi,

fulisa da Cvenebebis gamoZalvis mizniT,

adgili hqonda eleqtroSokiT wamebis

faqtebs. Human Rights Watch-is cnobiT,

gasuli wlis umTavres problemad

dakavebuli pirebis mimarT fizikuri

Zaladobis gamoyeneba rCeboda.

29 ianvars policiam gorSi daakava da

sastikad scema moqalaqe aleqsandre

lixeli. 4 Tebervals saqmeSi misi

advokati CaerTo. samedicino

eqspertizam daadastura lixelis

sxeulze dazianebebi da Rrma Wrilobebi,

maT Soris marcxena xelidan oTxi

frCxilis daZrobis faqti. lixelis

gaTavisufleba mxolod saxalxo

damcvelis aparatis Carevis Semdeg

moxerxda, saqmis gamoZieba ki wlis

bolomde gagrZelda.

maisis TveSi Tbilisis mTawminda-

krwanisis policiis departamentis

TanamSromlebi periodulad akavebdnen,

mihyavdaT N5 izolatorSi da

sistematurad sZalavdnen fuls 15 wlis

d. asaturovs da mis ojaxs. policielebma

ojaxis Seviwroeba maSin daiwyes,

rodesac gadawyvites, asaturovis mcire

danaSaulis dafarvis sanacvlod,

misi mSoblebisagan fuli gamoeZalaT.

policielebi orjer SeiWrnen maT saxlSi,

scemes asaturovi da moiTxoves meti

Tanxis gadaxda.

12 marts policielebi kvlav SeiWrnen

asaturovis binaSi, scemes igi da

fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayenes dedamiss.

saxalxo damcvelis aparatis iniciativiT

Catarda asaturovis samedicino

Semowmeba, ris Sedegadac mas daudginda

tvinis Seryeva, yuris Calurjeba da

gonebis dakargva. prokuraturam

policiis ori oficris winaaRmdeg,

fulis gamoZalvis braldebiT, sisxlis

samarTlis saqme aRZra.

Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebis

gacilebiT seriozul SemTxvevebs hqonda

adgili winaswari dakavebis izolatorSi

eWvmitanilebis dakiTxvis dros.

adamianis uflebebis damcvelebma da

advokatebma aRniSnes, rom darRvevebi

ufro metad aRiniSneba pirovnebis

dapatimrebisa da policiis

ganyofilebebSi miyvanis dros, vidre

winaswari patimrobis izolatorSi; aseve

aRniSnaven imasac, rom danaSaulis

aRiarebas yvelaze xSirad adgili aqvs

swored policiis ganyofilebebSi.

uflebadamcvelTa TqmiT, Zaladobis

msxverplebs xangrZlivi droiT

akavebdnen winaswari patimrobis

dawesebulebebSi, raTa maT Zaladobis

kvali ar dasCenodaT. HRW-is cnobiT,

ianvar-Tebervlis TveebSi policiis

ganyofilebebidan winaswari patimrobis

centrebSi gadayvanil 44 dakavebuls

sxeulze axladmiyenebuli dazianebebi

aReniSnebodaT. 8 ivliss iusticiis

sabWos sxdomaze iusticiis ministrma

roland giligaSvilma aRiara, rom

winaswari patimrobis saknebidan

iusticiis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi

myofi sasjelaRsrulebis

11TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

dawesebulebebSi dakavebulebi sxvadasxva

saxis dazianebebiT gadmohyavdaT. gasul

wels iusticiis saministrom winaswari

patimrobis saknebSi momxdari cemis 39

saqme gadasca prokuraturas

gamosaZieblad, Tumca generaluri

prokuraturis cnobiT, wlis bolosTvis

mxolod 4 saqmis gamoZieba dasrulda.

policia xSirad Civis, rom dazianebebi

dakavebulebs dapatimrebis dros an

dapatimrebamde aqvT miRebuli.

Zaladobas policiis TanamSromlebi

sapyrobileebSic mimarTaven.

policiis TanamSromlebis mier

Tanamdebobis borotad gamoyenebisa da

wamebis faqtebis aRkveTis mizniT

saxalxo damcvelis aparatma ianvarSi

euTos daxmarebiT swrafi reagirebis

jgufi daaarsa. sacdeli proeqtis

mixedviT, jgufs ufleba hqonda, swrafi

reagireba moexdina adamianis uflebebis

darRvevis nebismier faqtze, yvelaze

kritikuli etapis, pirovnebis

dakavebidan pirveli 72 saaTis CaTvliT.

maisSi Catarebul preskonferenciaze

ombudsmenma aRniSna, rom 2001 wlis

dekembridan swrafi reagirebis jgufma

adamianis uflebebis darRvevis

97 SemTxveva aRnusxa, romelTagan

8 SemTxvevis garda, yvela swraf

reagirebas saWiroebda.

swored swrafi reagirebis jgufis

iniciativiT daiTxoves samsaxuridan

didube-CuRureTis policiis

ganyofilebis sami oficeri, romlebmac

ianvarSi fotomaRaziis qurdobisTvis

daakaves arasrulwlovani vaxtang

mamuliani. TviTmxilvelis TqmiT,

policielebma sastikad scemes is da

dakavebis dros gaupatiurebiT

daemuqrnen. garda amisa, mamulianis

policiis ganyofilebaSi gadayvana ar iyo

saTanadod registrirebuli, rac

amcirebda mesame piris mier dapatimrebis

dadasturebis SesaZleblobas.

2000 da 2001 wlebSi policielebis mier

nawameb daviT sturuasa da dimitri

romanovis saqmeebi ise daixura, rom

samarTaldamcavebis mimarT brali ar

wauyenebiaT.

warsulSi samarTaldamcavebi awamebdnen

dakavebulebs politikurad iseT faqiz

saqmeebze, romlebSic zviad gamsaxurdias

mTavrobisa da gasamxedroebuli

organizacia `mxedrionis~ wevrebi

figurirebdnen. adamianis uflebebis

adgilobrivi damkvirveblebis cnobiT,

darRvevebs isev aqvs adgili Tbilisis

mexuTe izolatorsa da quTaisis

winaswari dakavebis dawesebulebebSi.

mZime an politikuri saxis danaSaulis

CadenaSi eWvmitanilebs Sinagan saqmeTa

saministros sardafSi ganlagebul #5

izolatorSi aTavsebdnen. 2000 wlis

ianvarSi #5 izolatori oficialurad

daixura, rac evropis sabWoSi saqarT-

velos gawevrianebis erT-erT pirobas

warmoadgenda; miuxedavad amisa,

adgilobrivi uflebadamcveli

organizaciebis gancxadebiT, es dawese-

buleba realurad ar daxurula da sxva

saxeliT imave funqcias asrulebda.

adgilobrivi uflebadamcvelebis

cnobiT, #5 izolatorSi myofi bevri

dakavebuli cemasa da uflebebis

darRvevas uCivis. am dawesebulebaSi

moTavsebiT damuqrebac ki xSirad

sakmarisia danaSaulis aRiarebisa Tu

fulis gamoZalvisaTvis.

wina wlebisagan gansxvavebiT, ar aRnus-

xula ZalovanTa mxridan religiuri

umciresobebis wevrebis cemis faqtebi.

27 seqtembers policiis 20-ze meti

oficeri SeiWra zugdidis adgilobriv

satelevizio sadgurSi. maT scemes

TanamSromlebi, daamtvries aparatura da

daaSines im korespondentis ojaxi,

romelmac separatistul regionSi,

afxazeTSi policiis mier benzinis

kontrabanduli gadatana gaaSuqa.

policiis generaluri inspeqciis mier

Catarebul gamoZiebas policiis ufrosis

moadgilis samsaxuridan gaTavisufleba

mohyva (ix. nawili 2.a.).

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba12 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

ivnisSi dazaralebulis ojaxis wevrebma

ganacxades, didube-CuRureTis policiis

ganyofilebis mier TbilisSi mcxovrebi

giga biwaZis yovelgvari axsna-

ganmartebis gareSe dapatimrebis Sesaxeb.

policielebma ise scemes biwaZe, rom igi

saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes. saqmeSi

saxalxo damcvelis swrafi reagirebis

jgufi Caeria. am faqtTan dakavSirebiT

wlis bolos prokuraturaSi sisxlis

samarTlis saqme aRiZra.

31 ivliss, TbilisSi policiis oficerma

daWra 12 wlis biWi, romelsac Ria

bazrobaze gamyidvelTan Selaparakeba

mouvida. policieli maT saubarSi Caeria.

rodesac biWma uari ganacxada, policiis

oficers ganyofilebaSi gahyoloda, am

ukanasknelma mas orjer esrola.

saqmes Sss-s generaluri inspeqcia da

generaluri prokuratura wlis bolos

ixilavdnen.

dausjelobis sayovelTao atmosferos

miuxedavad, fizikuri Zaladobisa da

sapyrobileSi dakavebulebis sikvdilis

gamo, ramodenime policieli daapatimres,

zogs ki administraciuli sasjeli

Seufardes. 2002 wlis pirvel 8 TveSi

Sss-s TanamSromelTa winaaRmdeg

warmoebuli 209 saqme gamosaZieblad

generalur prokuraturaSi gadaigzavna,

ris Sedegadac 31 pirovnebis winaaRmdeg

aRiZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme.

SarSanwindel welTan SedarebiT es did

progress warmoadgens. zemoaRniSnuli

31 pirovnebidan Sss-s 4 TanamSromeli

winaswari dakavebis izolatorSi

moaTavses. aRniSnul periodSi

administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebis

gamo Sss-s 82 TanamSromeli samsaxuridan

daiTxoves, xolo 57 _ daaqveiTes.

policiis oficrebs ZiriTadad mxolod

eqstremalur SemTxvevebSi sjidnen,

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsSi

Setanilma cvlilebebma ki kidev ufro

Seasusta dakavebulis ufleba,

daesabuTebina samarTaldarRvevebis

Sesaxeb braldebebi (ix. nawili I.e.).

bevri damkvirvebeli aRniSnavda, rom

prokurorebi policiis TanamSromlebis

13TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

mimarT sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis

aRZvraze Tavs ikavebdnen, an samxilebis

ararsebobis momizezebiT, ukve aRZrul

saqmeebsac xuravdnen.

maisSi Sss-m warmoadgina saqarTvelos

policiis TanamSromlebis eTikuri

kodeqsis proeqti, romelic gasul wels

amoqmedda. adamianis uflebebis sferoSi

momuSave jgufebi miesalmnen am iniciati-

vas, Tumca iqve aRniSnes, rom korufciam

SesaZloa, saTuo gaxados policielTa

mier am dokumentSi gaTvaliswinebuli

debulebebis Sesruleba.

iusticiis saministrom danerga sistema,

romelic iTvaliswinebs policiis

ganyofilebebidan winaswari patimrobis

izolatorSi gadayvanili yvela

dakavebulis samedicino Semowmebas,

SesaZlo miyenebuli dazianebebis

dokumenturad aRnusxvisa da TiToeuli

patimris samedicino mdgomareobis

Sesaxeb bazisuri informaciis Sedgenis

mizniT, ris safuZvelzec, saCivris

Sesvlis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa, gakeTdes

daskvnebi patimrebisTvis sapyrobileSi

miyenebuli fizikuri travmebis Sesaxeb.

adamianis uflebebisa da eTnikuri

urTierTobebis saparlamento

komitetebma da adgilobrivma

uflebadamcvelebma erTmaneTisagan

damoukideblad Seiswavles uflebebis

darRvevis Sesaxeb dazaralebulTa

saCivrebi, romelTa ricxvi sagrZnoblad

iyo gazrdili; Tumca, momCivanTa didma

nawilma SiSis gamo Tavisi saCivari ukan

gaitana. komitetis cnobiT, 2000 wlis

saprezidento arCevnebis Semdeg

saCivrebis Sinaarsi Seicvala: Tu adre

gancxadebebi ZiriTadad ekonomikuri

daxmarebis sakiTxebs Seexeboda, axla

maTi umravlesoba policiisa da

prokuraturis TanamSromlebis mier

Cadenil kanondarRvevebsa da

prokuraturis uunarobas Seexeba, aRZras

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi am

saCivrebTan dakavSirebiT.

adamianis uflebebis sferoSi momuSave

damkvirveblebma gamoTqves wuxili imis

gamo, rom korufciaSi mTeli qveynis

masStabiT policiis TanamSromelTa

didi nawilia Cafluli.

Sss-s gancxadebiT, 2000 wels

policielTa raodenoba 13 881-s

Seadgenda; arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

monacemebiT ki, policielTa realuri

raodenoba 35 000-s udrida. Sss

miuTiTebs 29 500 TanamSromelze,

analogiuri cifri mohyavs finansTa

saministrosac, da amtkicebs, rom es

cifri moicavs saxanZro da

gansakuTrebul saqmeTa departamentis

TanamSromlebsac, romlebic uSualod

policiis funqciebs ar asruleben.

policiis oficrebi xelfass

araregularulad iReben; aqedan

gamomdinare, policiis muSakebi

mosaxleobas sZalaven qrTams,

gansakuTrebiT avtomobilis mflobeleb-

sa da dakavebul an danaSaulSi

eWvmitanil pirebs (ix. nawili I.d.).

iusticiis saministro pasuxs agebs

sasjelaRsrulebiTi dawesebulebebis

mTeli sistemis administrirebaze;

kanonmdeblobiT daSvebulia am

dawesebulebebis dakompleqteba Sss-s

kadrebiT. Sss-s bevr sapyrobileSi Tavisi

sakuTari saknebi gaaCnia. sxva kanonis

Tanaxmad, Sss-s ufleba aqvs, sasamarTlo

procesisaTvis samxili masalis

Segrovebis mizniT, sasamarTlos

nebarTvis gareSe awarmoos gamoZieba

patimarTa Soris. damkvirveblebi

aRniSnaven, rom sapyrobileebSi

mdgomareoba TiTqmis igive rCeba;

Tumca, aRniSnaven im faqtsac, rom

sasjelaRsrulebiTi departamentis

iusticiis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi

gadacemis Semdeg, patimrebis ojaxis

wevrebisaTvis gaadvilda TavianTi

patimrebis monaxuleba, xolo Tavad

patimrebs telefonze darekvis

saSualeba gauCndaT.

gaerosa da mravali arasamTavrobo

organizaciis (maT Soris HRW-is

CaTvliT) SefasebiT, cixeebSi kvlavac

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba14 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

araadamianuri da sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi

pirobebia. sasjelaRsrulebis

dawesebulebebSi isev antisanitariuli

mdgomareobaa, isini gadatvirTulia

patimrebiT, SeiniSneba momsaxure person-

alis nakleboba, xolo Senobebi saswrafo

remonts saWiroebs. sapyrobileTa

umetesi nawili saTanadod ar niavdeba,

gaumarTavia wyalgayvaniloba,

eleqtrogayvaniloba da kanalizacia,

aradamakmayofilebelia iq arsebuli

samedicino ganyofilebebis

mdgomareobac. sasjelaRsrulebis

regionaluri dawesebulebebi da

winaswari patimrobis izolatorebi

Tveebis ganmavlobaSi eleqtroganaTebis

gareSea darCenili. cixis personali da

dacvis samsaxuris TanamSromlebi

Tveebis ganmavlobaSi, an saerTod ver

iReben xelfass. did problemad rCeba

saknebis gadatvirTva; Tumca, zogierT

sapyrobileSi, magaliTad zugdidSi,

adgilebis mxolod 50%-ia dakavebuli,

rodesac TbilisSi Cveulebriv 10 an 12

adgilian sakanSi 16 an meti patimaria

moTavsebuli. 2002 wlis pirveli 8 Tvis

ganmavlobaSi moxda 133 patimris

Sewyaleba, xolo 450 saqmes Sewyalebis

komisia ixilavda. cixis personali

kvlavac agrZelebda patimrebisa da

dakavebulebis uflebebis xelyofasa da

maTgan fulis gamoZalvas.

9 aprils, gaeros adamianis uflebebis

komitetma Tavis mimoxilvaSi, romelic

saqarTvelos mier samoqalaqo da

politikuri uflebebis saerTaSoriso

konvenciis pirobebis dacvas Seexeboda,

aRniSna sisxlis samarTalTan da

sasjelaRsrulebiT sistemasTan

dakavSirebuli mudmivi problemebi,

wamebisa da policiis mier moqalaqeebis

TviTneburi dapatimrebebis farTod

aprobirebuli praqtika. mdgomareobis

gamosworebis mizniT momzadebul

rekomendaciebSi komitetma mosTxova

mTavrobas, ar daelodos 2006 wlisaTvis

dagegmili, rigiT mesame perioduli

moxsenebis vadas da moamzados angariSi

12 Tvis ganmavlobaSi dakavebulTa da

patimarTa mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis

Sesaxeb.

iusticiis yofilma ministrma mixeil

saakaSvilma cixeebis gadatvirTvis

problemis mogvareba 2001 wels rusTavSi

axali sapyrobilis mSeneblobis

daCqarebis gziT scada.

sasjelaRsrulebis es axali

dawesebuleba, romelic 2001 wels

gaixsna, 1 200 patimarzea

gaTvaliswinebuli da misi saknebi

gacilebiT didi da komfortulia.

maSin roca axal cixes SeuZlia,

Seamsubuqos gadatvirTuli

sapatimroebis problema, sxva cixeebSi

pirobebi SesamCnevad ar gaumjobesebula.

iusticiis ministrobis periodSi

saakaSvilma Tanamdebobidan daiTxova

zogierTi korumpirebuli moxele,

gaaTavisufla zogierTi patimari, ramac

gadaWedili saknebis problema Seamsubuqa

da cixis inspeqtirebis sistemis

Sesaqmnelad, romelic arasamTavroboTa

monawileobasac iTvaliswinebda,

mniSvnelovani nabijebi gadadga. mas

Semdeg, rac 2001 wels saakaSvili

Tanamdebobidan gadadga da igi

parlamentSi airCies, zogierTi

korumpirebuli moxele isev aRadgines

Tanamdebobaze; iusticiis

saministrosTan arsebuli

sazogadoebrivi kontrolis

damoukidebeli sabWos wevrebisaTvis

sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi

moxvedra zogjer SezRudulia, Tavad

sabWos rekomendaciebi ki iSviaTad

sruldeba.

arsebuli monacemebiT, cixeebSi

sikvdilianoba Semcirda; Tumca,

uflebebis damcveli arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi acxadeben, rom

administracia xelovnurad amcirebs

oficialur monacemebs ukurnebeli seniT

daavadebul patimarTa gaTavisuflebis

an sikvdilis piras myofTa saavadmyofo-

ebSi gagzavnis gziT. damkvirveblebi

acxadeben, rom upatrono patimrebis

gardacvaleba, rogorc wesi, ar

aRiricxeba. 2002 wels cixeSi gardacva-

lebis 34 SemTxveva dafiqsirda, umetes

SemTxvevaSi tuberkuliozis mizeziT.

saerTaSoriso wiTeli jvris monacemebiT,

15TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

es daavadeba farTodaa gavrcelebuli

sasjelaRsrulebiTi dawesebulebebis

mTels sistemaSi; 1998 wlidan

moyolebuli iusticiis saministrosTan

erTad wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso

komitetma daaxloebiT 2000 daavadebul

patimars aRmouCina daxmareba.

damkvirvebelTa monacemebiT, gaizarda

Tavad patimarTa Soris Zaladobis

SemTxvevebi, rac xSirad sikvdiliTac ki

mTavrdeboda. Zaladobis mizezad dacvis

TanamSromelTa naklebobas da arsebuli

personalis demoralizebas asaxeleben.

erT-erTma damkvirvebelma aRniSna, rom

sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi

dacvis TanamSromlebis saxelfaso

davalianebis problemisa da

TanamSromelTa stimulirebis sistemis

ararsebobis mizezad penitencialuri

sistemis reforma dasaxelda, ramac

warmoqmna kadrebis problema. zogierTi

adamianis uflebebis damcveli imasac

acxadebs, rom gaxSirda patimarTa an

dacvis TanamSromelTa mxridan

gaupatiurebis faqtebi.

29 agvistos diliT rusTavis

sapyrobiledan gaqceuli nugzar

mestofaSvili dRis meore naxevarSi

TbilisSi, `rusTavi-2~-is satelevizio

studiaSi mivida. pirdapir eTerSi man

ganacxada, rom rusTavis cixeSi

patimrebs araadamianurad epyrobodnen.

mestofaSvilis gancxadebiT, mas

sistematurad scemdnen zedamxedvelebi

da sxva patimrebi, ramac is aiZula,

gaqceuliyo. rusTavis cixeSi dabrunebis

SemTxvevaSi igi TviTmkvlelobiT

daimuqra da gamoTqva mzadyofna,

sasjeli sxva cixeSi moexada.

sasjelaRsrulebiT dawesebulebebSi

arsebuli pirobebisa Tu adamianis

uflebebis xelyofis mimarT protestis

niSnad cixeebSi xSiria TviTmkvlelobis

mcdelobisa da TviTdazianebis

SemTxvevebi. cixeSi arsebuli pirobebisa

da mTavrobis mier gatarebuli

tendenciuri pirobiTi gaTavisuflebis

politikis winaaRmdeg iyo mimarTuli

calkeuli SimSilobis aqciebi.

iusticiis saministrom gadadga nabijebi

sasjelaRsrulebiTi sistemis

administraciis reformirebisa da

cixeebSi arsebuli pirobebis

gaumjobesebis mizniT. aprilSi iusticiis

ministrma giligaSvilma

sasjelaRsrulebiTi sistemis

25 TanamSromeli Tanamdebobidan

gaaTavisufla, risi mizezic maTi mxridan

kontrolis moSla gaxda, Sedegad avWalis

me-9 da rusTavis me-2 sasjelaRsrule-

biTi dawesebulebebidan erTi Tvis

ganmavlobaSi adgili hqonda 2 patimris

mkvlelobasa da erTis gaqcevas.

ministri aRiarebs sasjelaRsrulebiT

sistemaSi mudmivi problemebis

arsebobas, Tumca bevri darRvevis

mizezad mas susti da arakompetenturi

administrireba miaCnia, risi Tavidan

acilebac, ministris azriT, SesaZlebeli

gaxdeboda, Tu cixis administracia ar

ecdeboda maTi xelqveiTebis

samarTaldarRvevebis dafarvas.

adamianis uflebebis saparlamento

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba16 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

komitetis Tavmjdomare elene

TevdoraZec moiTxovda ori patimris

sikvdilis faqtTan dakavSirebiT avWalis

koloniisa da iusticiis saministros

departamentis TanamSromlebis

marTlmsajulebis winaSe wardgenas.

yofili policieli zurab gogberaSvili,

romelic mkvlelobis braldebiT ixdida

sasjels, Cxubis dros sastikad scemes da

TviTnakeTi daniT mokles. imave Tvis

dasawyisSi avWalis koloniaSi kidev erTi

patimari gardaicvala TviTnakeTi

asafeTqebeli mowyobilobis afeTqebis

Sedegad. noemberSi ki, kidev erTma

patimarma, romelsac ukanonod hqonda

Setanili cixeSi cecxlsasroli iaraRi,

mokla meore patimari.

wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komitetis

warmomadgenlebs ufleba aqvT,

Tavisuflad Sevidnen dakavebis

adgilebSi, maT Soris afxazeTis

teritoriazec; maT aseve SeuZliaT,

damswreebis gareSe Sexvdnen

dakavebulebs da regularulad

moinaxulon isini. euTos monacemebiT,

dakavebulebTan da patimrebTan Sesvlis

uflebis mopovebisas, adgili hqonda

drois biurokratiul gaWianurebas,

magram seriozuli problemebi am mxriv

ar Seqmnila. Tumca, adamianis uflebebis

adgilobrivi damcvelebis monacemebiT

mainc garTulebuli iyo dakavebulebTan

Sexvedra, gansakuTrebiT maTTan,

romelTa saqmeebsac politikuri elferi

dahkravda.

d. TviTneburi dapatimreba, dakaveba

an gadasaxleba

konstituciis Tanaxmad, winaswari

patimrobis maqsimaluri vada 9 Tvea,

xolo dakavebidan 72 saaTis ganmavlobaSi

aucilebelia sasamarTlos Tanxmoba

dakavebis Sesaxeb, garda amisa,

SezRudvebia dawesebuli

prokurorisaTvis (ix. nawili I.e.). es

cvlilebebi ZiriTadad sruldeboda,

magram prokurorebi xSirad dauSvebel

zegavlenas axdendnen sisxlis samarTlis

procesis mimdinareobaze.

mosamarTleebi gascemen dapatimrebisa da

dakavebis orderebs; kanonmdeblobis

Tanaxmad, eWvmitanilebs brali 3 dRis

ganmavlobaSi unda waredginoT.

mosamarTleebs SeuZliaT, gaagrZelon

winaswari patimrobis vada 3 TviT

saboloo 9 Tvemde. arasamTavrobo

organizaciebis warmomadgenlebi

acxadebdnen, rom Zvel sabWoTa kodeqsSi

Setanili cvlilebebis Sedegad (dakavebis

xangrZlivoba Seadgenda 18 Tves),

winaswari dakavebis vadebi naklebad

ganukiTxavi gaxda; miuxedavad amisa,

saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi

damkvirveblebi aRniSnavdnen, rom aseTi

dakavebebis vada xSirad irRveoda _

zogjer 2 wlamdec ki _ radganac dacvis

am meqanizmis interpretaciis dros

iTvaliswinebdnen prokuraturis

sagamoZiebo vadas da ara dacvis mxaris

sagamoZiebo periods (redaqciisgan:

igulisxmeba is vada, romelic

braldebulsa da dacvis mxares

sWirdebaT saqmis gasacnobad). policia

xSirad sasamarTlo brZanebis gareSe

akavebda pirebs. dakavebulebisaTvis ar

arsebobda TavdebiT gaTavisuflebis

meqanizmi. seqtembrisTvis dakavebuli iyo

7 343 pirovneba, romelTaganac 5 133 ukve

msjavrdebuli iyo, xolo 2 210 winaswar

patimrobaSi imyofeboda.

1999 wels parlamentma miiRo sisxlis

samarTlis axali kodeqsi da sxva

kanonebi, romlebic iTvaliswineben

moqalaqeebis konstituciuri uflebebis

dacvas da zRudaven prokuraturis

uflebebs (ix. nawili 1.e.). sisxlis

17TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

samarTlis axali kodeqsis ZalaSi

Sesvlis Semdeg Sesabamisi cvlilebebi

Seitanes sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsSic. mTel rig cvlilebebs

erTmaneTTan SesabamisobaSi unda

moeyvana sisxlis samarTlisa da sisxlis

samarTlis saproceso kodeqsebi, magram

zogierTma Sesworebebma Seasusta is

meqanizmi, romelic icavs moqalaqeebs

ukanono dapatimrebisa da dakavebisagan.

am cvlilebebma mkveTrad SezRuda

winaswari patimrobis periodSi

dakavebulTaTvis sasamarTlos

xelmisawvdomoba. am Sesworebebis

miRebamde, mopasuxes SeeZlo, policiis an

prokuraturis mier gamoZiebis procesSi

daSvebuli samarTaldarRvevebis gamo,

sasamarTlo procesamde pirdapir eCivla

sasamarTloSi da moeTxova samedicino

Semowmebis Catareba; xolo axali

cvlilebebis Tanaxmad, mopasuxes

SeuZlia, samarTaldarRvevebis Sesaxeb

mxolod prokuraturaSi iCivlos.

prokuraturis gadawyvetilebis

sasamarTloSi gasaCivreba ar SeiZleba.

arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

gancxadebiT, es debuleba arTulebs

policiis mier Cadenili

samarTaldarRvevebis damtkicebas,

generalur prokuraturasa da policias

Soris mWidro kavSirebis arsebobis gamo.

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsSi

2001 wels Setanilma Sesworebam aRadgina

mowmis ufleba, policiaSi dakiTxvaze

advokatTan erTad gamocxaddes.

policias SeeZlo mowme bralis wayenebis

gareSe, 12 saaTis ganmavlobaSi

gaeCerebina. am vadis amowurvis Semdeg

policia xSirad mowmeebs eWvmitanilad

aRirebda. HRW-is 2000 wlis angariSis

Tanaxmad, policia xSirad dakavebulis

advokats iZaxebda, rogorc mowmes, rac

am ukanasknels Tavisi klientis

momsaxurebis SesaZleblobas uspobda.

dakavebulebs sirTuleebi eqmnebodaT

obieqturi samedicino eqspertizis

droulad Catarebis mxrivac. Tu

samedicino eqspertiza SemTxvevidan

3-4 dRis ganmavlobaSi ar Catardeba,

dazianebebis mizezis dadgena rTuli

xdeba. dazianebebis arsebobis damtkiceba

SeeZlo mxolod saxelmwifo sasamarTlo-

samedicino eqsperts, romelic, rogorc

wesi, janmrTelobis dacvis

saministrosTan arsebuli sasamarTlo-

samedicino eqspertizis centris

TanamSromeli unda yofiliyo. adamianis

uflebebis damcvelebi mudmivad

akritikebdnen saxelmwifo samedicino

eqspertebs da maT generaluri

prokuraturis mimarT mikerZoebul

damokidebulebaSi adanaSaulebdnen; isini

acxadebdnen agreTve, rom Zalze iSviaTad

xerxdeboda nebarTvis miReba

damoukidebeli sasamarTlo eqspertizis

Catarebaze.

xSirad policia ar atyobinebda

dakavebulebs maTi uflebebis Sesaxeb da

xels uSlida maT, Sexvedrodnen ojaxis

wevrebsa da advokatebs. zogi

damkvirvebeli policias adanaSaulebda

dakiTxvebis warmoebaSi policiis

ganyofilebebis miRma, sxva SenobebSi,

raTa Tavidan aecilebinaT dakavebulTa

oficialuri registracia. oficialuri

monacemebiT, eWvmitanilebs

registraciidan 3 dReSi uyenebdnen

braldebas, Tumca damkvirveblebi

acxadebdnen, rom policielebi qrTamis

gamoZalvis mizniT xSirad didi xnis

ganmavlobaSi ar axdendnen dakavebulebis

registracias; saerTaSoriso da

adgilobrivi damkvirveblebis

gancxadebiT, policielebi zogjer

cdilobdnen eWvmitanilebisagan fulis

gamoZalvas, sanacvlod ki hpirdebodnen,

rom registraciaSi ar gaatarebdnen maT.

policia qrTamis sanacvlod

eWvmitanilebis ojaxis wevrebs

braldebis moxsnas sTavazobda. kanoniT

dadgenili procedurebi naklebad

irRveoda im SemTxvevaSi, roca

dakavebuls brali wayenebuli hqonda da

misi saqme oficialurad iyo

gaformebuli.

gasul wels sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsSi kidev erTi

cvlileba Seitanes, romelic mowmis mier

kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli advokatis

yolis uflebas Seexeboda _ es iyo

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba18 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

wamebis gamoyenebis aRkveTisaken

mimarTuli erT-erTi nabiji, magram

praqtikaSi es debuleba asaxvas iSviaTad

poulobda. policiis praqtikaSi xSiri

iyo dakavebuli eWvmitanilebis

`mowmeebad~ monaTvla, ris Sedegadac maT

aRar aZlevdnen advokatis yolis

uflebas.

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis

Tanaxmad, eWvmitanils brali 72 saaTis

ganmavlobaSi unda wauyenon. iusticiis

saministros 2001 wlis monacemebiT,

Tbilisis winaswari dakavebis centrSi

493 dakavebulis registracia 72 saaTiani

vadis darRveviT moxda. policiis

mxridan gacilebiT seriozul darRvevebs

hqonda adgili winaswari patimrobis

gamoZiebis etapze, rodesac policielebi

eWvmitanilebis dakiTxvas awarmoebdnen

(ix. nawili 1.g.).

e. samarTliani da sajaro sasamarTlo

procesis uflebis warTmeva

konstituciis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlo

xelisufleba damoukidebelia, magram

praqtikaSi sasamarTlos damoukidebloba

xSirad gamocdas ver uZlebs, rac

zRudavs sasamarTlos miukerZoeblobas.

1999 wlis sasamarTlo reformis Sedegad

moxerxda garkveuli raodenobis

maRalkvalificiuri mosamarTleebis

daniSvna, magram, rogorc damkvirveblebi

aRniSnaven, sasamarTlos mesveurebi

kvlav ganicdian zewolas aRmasrulebeli

xelisuflebisa da gavleniani

dainteresebuli pirebis mxridan.

zogierTi damkvirvebeli eWvqveS ayenebs

reformirebuli sasamarTlos

sicocxlisunarianobas samarTaldamcavi

organoebis reformis gareSe. adamianis

uflebebis damcveli organizaciebi,

HRW-is CaTvliT, amtkiceben, rom

gamomZieblebi zogjer xelovnurad

qmnian an `ugdeben~ nivTmtkicebebs

eWvmitanilebs da aRiarebas sZalaven maT,

rac konstituciuri normebis pidapiri

darRvevaa.

sasamarTloebSi kvlav grZeldeboda

ganaCenis gamotana wamebis gziT miRebuli

aRiarebebis safuZvelze. mopasuxeebs

kvlav xeli eSlebodaT, sasamarTlosTvis

maTi wamebis damadasturebeli

mtkicebulebebis wardgenaSi, rac

proceduruli SezRudvebisa da

arasamTavrobo sasamarTlo

eqpertebisaTvis licenziis miniWebaze

uaris Tqmis Sedegad xdeboda.

arc sasamarTlo reformis sxva Sedegebi

yofila bolomde miyvanili. sasamarTlos

arakompetenturoba da korufcia,

mosamarTleebis mier qrTamis aReba isev

gadauWrel problemad rCeboda.

zogierTi advokatisa da arasamTavrobo

organizaciis gancxadebis miuxedavad,

rom reformis Semdeg zogi saqmeebis

ganxilva gacilebiT swrafad xdeba,

progresi am mxriv Tbilisis farglebs ar

gascilebia. damkvirveblebi acxadeben,

rom axla sasamarTloebSi gacilebiT

maRalprofesionali mosamarTleebi

muSaoben, magram maT praqtikuli

gamocdileba akliaT. adamianis

uflebebis damcvelebi ki aRniSnavdnen,

rom mosamarTleebs precedentuli

samarTlis SezRuduli gamocdileba

aqvT. finansuri krizisis gamo

mosamarTleebi zogjer 6 Tvis manZilze

ver iRebdnen xelfass, rac

korufciisaTvis noyier niadags qmnida.

grZeldeboda farTomasStabiani zewola

politikuri, ekonomikuri da sxva

dainteresebuli jgufebis mxridan;

qrTamis aReba Cveul saqmed iqca.

sasamarTlo sistema sasamarTlo eTikis

kodeqsiT xelmZRvanelobs, Tumca

zogierTi damkvirvebeli acxadebs, rom

uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebi

politikuri da sxva saxis gavlenis qveS

eqceoda. 2001 wels uzenaesma

sasamarTlom danerga regionaluri

mmarTveli mosamarTleebis sistema,

romelic mTeli qveynis masStabiT qveda

instanciebis sasamarTloebis muSaobis

zedamxedvelobas iTvaliswinebs.

19TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

sakonstitucio sasamarTlo mTavrobis

sxvadasxva Stoebs Soris warmoqmnil

konstituciur davebsa da adamianis

uflebebis darRvevebis Sesaxeb Sesul

saCivrebs ixilavda. sasamarTlom es

ukanaskneli funqcia viwrod aRiqva,

roca mxolod im saqmeebs ganixilavda,

romlebSic uflebebis Selaxva kanoniT

iyo ganpirobebuli. sasamarTlom 2002

wels mxolod erTi aseTi saqme ganixila.

sasamarTlo sistemisagan gansxvavebiT,

samarTaldamcav sistemas mTlianobaSi

mniSvnelovani pozitiuri Zvrebi ar

ganucdia. 2002 wels prokuraturis

TanamSromlebs damatebiTi treningebi da

testireba, aseve perioduli Sida

Semowmebebi CautardaT. policiisa da

prokuraturis TanamSromlebisaTvis

qrTamis gadaxda Cveulebriv ambad

rCeboda (nawili 1.g.). konstituciis

Tanaxmad, prokuratura sasamarTlo

sistemis nawilia, kanonmdeblebi da

sxvebi prokuraturis aRmasrulebel

xelisuflebaSi gadayvanis survils

gamoTqvamdnen.

xSirad administracia dakavebulebs ar

aZlevda uflebas, ojaxis wevrebisaTvis

ecnobebinaT TavianTi adgilsamyofeli,

rac 2001 wels sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsSi Setanili Sesworebis

darRvevas warmoadgens; aRniSnuli

Sesworebis Tanaxmad, mowmes SeuZlia,

moiTxovos dakiTxvaze advokatis

daswreba, romelic Seatyobinebs

dakavebulis ojaxis wevrebs mis

adgilsamyofels. miuxedavad amisa,

adgilobrivi policiis administracia

yovelmxriv zRudavda dakavebulebis

uflebas, moewviaT advokati. dacvis

advokatebsa da ojaxis wevrebs xSirad

eqmnebodaT problemebi dakavebulis

sanaxavad saWiro nebarTvis miRebis

dros. gamomZieblebi iSviaTad umartav-

dnen dakavebulebs TavianT uflebebs.

sasamarTlo procesebis gaWianureba

Cveulebrivi movlena iyo. advokatebs ar

moeTxovebodaT wina saproceso mosmene-

bze daswreba; mopasuxe mxare da maTi

advokatebi regularulad Ciodnen, rom

maT ar atyobinebdnen daniSnuli

mosmenebis Sesaxeb. sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsis Tanaxmad, policia

ar aris valdebuli, policiis ganyofi-

lebaSi dauSvas advokati, Tuki igi

dakavebulis mier ar aris daqiravebuli.

prokuratura kvlav agrZelebs

gamoZiebis xelmZRvanelobas,

zedamxedvelobs zogierT sasamarTlo

funqcias da sasamarTlo procesze

saxelmwifos warmoadgens. prokurorebi

kvlav zegavlenas axdenen sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebebze. sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsis mixedviT,

mosamarTles, romelmac dapatimrebis

orders moawera xeli, ekrZaleba saqmis

mosmena; magram, es wesi xSirad irRveoda

Tbilisis gareT, radganac regionebSi

mxolod erTi mosamarTlea.

im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac mopasuxeebs ar

hqondaT advokatis daqiravebis

SesaZlebloba, advokatebs prokuraturis

rekomendaciiT niSnavda iuridiuli

daxmarebis samsaxuri, romelic

saxelmwifos mier kontrolirebadi

advokatTa kolegiis nawilia. zogjer

prokurorebi aiZulebdnen mopasuxeebs,

aeyvanaT saxelmwifos mier daniSnuli

advokati an sxva advokati, romelic

realurad ar daicavda maT interesebs.

magram zogadad, pirebs, romlebsac

hqondaT advokatis daqiravebis

saSualeba, hyavdaT kidec maTi

survilisamebr arCeuli damcvelebi

rogorc sisxlis samarTlis, ise

samoqalaqo saqmeebSi. prokuratura ara

mxolod akontrolebda saxelmwifos mier

daniSnul advokatebs, aramed iRebda

gadawyvetilebas, mieca Tu ara

mopasuxisaTvis (misi Txovnis Sesabamisad)

advokatis Secvlis ufleba. TbilisSi

momuSave zogierTi arasamTavrobo

organizacia ufaso iuridiul daxmarebas

sTavazobda pirebs, romelTa uflebebic

irRveoda. advokatebis profesiuli done

mniSvnelovnad gansxvavebuli iyo. garda

amisa, sasamarTlo eqspertis licenzia

yovelTvis ar iyo kompetenturobis

maCvenebeli.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba20 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

azrTa sxvadasxvaoba iyo arasamTavrobo

organizaciebs Soris imis Taobaze, Tu

vin SeiZleba CaTvliliyo

politpatimrad. adamianis uflebebis

dacvis saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi

organizaciebis umravlesoba Tvlida,

rom qveyanaSi 20-dan 25-mde

politpatimari iyo. adamianis uflebebis

saparlamento komitetis azriT, qveyanaSi

3-dan 5-mde politikuri patimari

aRiricxeboda, rodesac ombudsmenis

monacemebiT, qveyanaSi arc erTi

oficialuri politikuri patimari ar

iyo. Tumca bevri, maT Soris, yofili

araformaluri samxedro organizacia

`mxedrionis~ wevrebi, egreTwodebuli

`zviadistebi~ da saxelmwifo uSiSroebis

sistemis zogierTi yofili TanamSromeli

Tavs politikur patimrebad Tvlidnen.

adamianis uflebebis damcvelTa azriT,

zogierT `zviadist~ patimars arasodes

auRia xelSi iaraRi da amitom isini

politikur patimrebad unda CaiTvalon.

zogierTi `zviadisti~ gaasamarTles

saxelmwifo Ralatis (rac sustad iyo

dasabuTebuli), yaCaRobisa da iaraRis

ukanono flobis braldebiT da

Seufardes Tavisuflebis aRkveTa

7-dan 12 wlamde.

miuxedavad imisa, rom prezidentma

Seiwyala Tengiz asaniZe – romelic

sasjels finansuri danaSaulisaTvis

ixdida _ xolo uzenaesma sasamarTlom

gasca misi gaTavisuflebis brZaneba,

aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis

xelmZRvanelobam uari ganacxada mis

gaTavisuflebaze. organizacia

`saerTaSoriso amnistia~ da evropis

sabWos adamianis uflebebis dacvis

komisari moiTxovdnen asaniZis gaTavi-

suflebas. wlis bolos is elodeboda

strasburgis adamianis uflebebis dacvis

evropis sasamarTloSi mis mier Setanili

gancxadebis ganxilvas, ase rom, misi saqme

jer damTavrebuli ar aris.

v. pirad da ojaxur saqmeebSi,

pirad mimoweraSi TviTneburi Careva

sasamarTlo sanqciis an iuridiuli

aucileblobis gareSe konstitucia

krZalavs aseT qmedebebs; Tumca,

praqtikaSi samarTaldamcavi organoebi

da sxva samTavrobo uwyebebi zogjer

sasamarTlo nebarTvis gareSe axdendnen

kerZo satelefono saubrebis mosmenas.

mTavrobis warmomadgenlebi dasZendnen,

rom policielebi da sagadasaxado

sferos TanamSromlebi gadaudebeli

SemTxvevebis dros winaswar gacemuli

sanqciis gareSe Sediodnen moqalaqeebis

saxlebsa da samuSao adgilebze, ris

uflebasac maT sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsi aZlevdaT. sagzao

policia xSirad aCerebda da Cxrekda

avtomobilebs raime gansakuTrebuli

mizezis gareSe, mxolod qrTamis

gamoZalvis mizniT.

(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

21TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

drois niSani (maTe 16,3)

1989 wlis noemberSi sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarq

ilia meoris locva-kurTxeviT Tbilisis sasuliero akademias

erovnebiT baski kaTolike mRvdeli, romis universitetis

profesori, aRmosavluri liturgiebis aRiarebuli specialisti

mixeil aranci ewvia. misi mizani studentebisa da profesor-

maswavleblebisaTvis ramdenime leqciis wakiTxva gaxldaT.

yvelaferi gegmisamebr unda warmarTuliyo, magram stumari uecrad

seminaria-akademiis maSindeli reqtoris, protopresviter giorgi

gamrekelis da wamyvani pedagogis arqimandrit rafaelis

(karelinis) winaaRmdegobas waawyda.

es winaaRmdegoba pirvel etapze ZiriTadi maspinZlis, uwmidesi

mRvdelmTavris, saqmeSi Carevis Sedegad ganimuxta, magram

xsenebulma mamebma fundamentaluri ideebiT Tavmomwone

studentebis jgufi aamxedres. isini profesors Tavze daadgnen, _

marTlmadidebelTa liturgiis Sesaxeb kaTolike mecnieris azrebi

ar gvainteresebso, da mosTxoves, akademia daetovebina, rasac

stumari daemorCila.

nugzar

papuaSvili

`vinc bnels naTlad saxavs

da naTels _ bnelad~

anu obskurantizmi

gareT da Sin

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba22 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

oTxma Tanamoazrem, am striqonebis

avtoris CaTvliT, saqarTvelos

marTlmadidebeli eklesiis

saWeTmpyrobels TanagrZnobis weriliT

mimarTa, romelSic aRniSnul faqts anu,

pirdapir

rom vTqvaT, obstruqcias obskurantizmi

(`obskurantizmis gamovlineba~) uwoda.

werili gamoqveynda da masSi aRwerili

ambavi farTo sazogadoebriobisaTvis

cnobili gaxda. Cven gagvaoca im

politikuri liderebis, jer kidev

disidentebad da araformalebad

cnobili pirebis, gulgrilobam,

romlebic komunistur reJims adamianis

ZiriTad uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa

xelyofaSi adanaSaulebdnen, Tavs

demokratebad da dasavluri

Rirebulebebis SemTviseblebad

Tvlidnen. maT ver ganicades (an ar

ganicades) is atmosfero, romelic raRac

epidemiuri daavadebis simptomebs

Seicavda da riTac e.w. erovnul-

ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba da, masTan

erTad, eric da beric imTaviTve

imsWvaleboda. swored

1989 wlidan daiwyo laTinuri wesis

mRvdelmsaxurebisaTvis gankuTvnil

taZrebSi marTlmadidebelTa mokalaTeba

da sxvadmadidebelTa iseTi lanZRva-

gineba da, warmoidgineT, zog SemTxvevaSi

wverebiT Trevac ki, rac saxels utexs

marTlmadidebel eklesiasac da

saqarTvelosac. politikur da religiur

asparezze Zalebs Sua saukunoebrivi

bneleTi ikrebda.

maSin bevri gvekiTxeboda:

ras niSnavs `obskurantizmi~,

romelsac Tqvens werilSi axsenebT?

cneba

sityvebiT `obskuranti~ da

`obskurantuli~, rogorc wesi, im

adamianebs, koleqtivebs, partiebsa Tu

saxelmwifoebs moixsenieben, romlebic

Tavisuflebis, ganaTlebisa da progresis

winaaRmdegni arian.

movlenebi da faqtebi, romelTa

misamarTiTac termini `obskurantizmi~

gamoiyeneba, arian rogorc religiuri,

ise arareligiuri, anda erTdroulad

religiuric da arareligiuric,

sakraluric da profanulic, saeroc da

sasulieroc. `obskurantizmi~, metad rom

davakonkretoT, iseT sazogadoebriv-

politikur Tu sulier ganwyobilebas

aRniSnavs, romlis ZiriTadi

maxasiaTebeli aris inteleqtualuri,

pirovnuli, socialuri Tu erovnuli

monobis apologia; codnisadmi,

skolisadmi, wignisadmi, gonebis

aqtivobisadmi, zogadad _

ganaTlebisadmi negatiuri, ufro metic,

agresiuli damokidebuleba; yovelgvari

siaxlisa da winsvlisadmi mtroba.

amdenad obskurantizmi Tavs iCens

yofacxovrebis rogorc profanul, ise

sakralur ubnebze da zog SemTxvevaSi

totalur, e.i. saxelmwifo masStabs iZens.

obskurantizmi da, Sesabamisad

`obskurantoba~ aris Semecnebisa da

azrovnebis anu, sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT,

sagnebisa da movlenebis aRqmis,

Sefasebisa da analizis garkveuli forma,

romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia

mxedvelobis viwro veli da calmxrivoba.

obskurantizmis sinonimia `sibnele~,

gonebis siClunge da gaukuRmarTeba.

maSasadame, cnobierebis es mdgomareoba

(obskurantoba) ganaTlebis (pedagogikis)

da moralis sferos ganekuTvneba.

sityva

obskurantizmis mniSvnelobas da Sinaarss

misi etimologia asaCinoebs. igi

momdinareobs laTinuri sityvisagan

obscurus, rac niSnavs `bneli~, saidanac

warmodgeba zmna obscuratio `dabneleba~ da

mimReoba _ obscurans `dabnelebuli~. misi

meoradi mniSvnelobebia `gaugebari~,

`gamoucnobi~, `ucxo~, `ucnauri~.

obskurantizmi, Cveulebriv, `sibneled~

da `bneleTad~ iTargmneba. magaliTad,

rusulSi misi eqvivalentia ìðàêîáåñèå,

romelsac qarTuli `bneleTis

mociquloba~ esatyviseba.

saxeldeba

ganxiluli cneba da leqsema dadebiT

azrsa da emocias moklebulia. amitom am

saxelwodebiT sakuTar Tavs aravin

moixseniebs; aravin arasdros ifiqrebs,

rom igi `bneleTis mociqulia~.

23TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

obskurantizmi araa TviTsaxelwodeba, _

igi sxvaTa saxeldebaa.

imis miuxedavad, rom aRniSnuli sityva

Zvelia da antikuri epoqis

laTinurenovan ZeglebSi dasturdeba,

zemoaRniSnuli SinaarsiT, e.i. rogorc

termini, igi qristianul saeklesio

literaturaSi ar gvxvdeba.

sityvebi `obskurantizmi~ da

`obskuranti~, rogorc eTikuri

kategoriis aRmniSvneli termini,

pirvelad XV-XVI ss-is mijnaze Seqmnil

erT laTinurenovan ZeglSi dasturdeba,

romlis saTauria `Epistolae ObscurorumVirorum~ (bnel kacTa epistoleebi). esaa

Tavis dros sakmaod gaxmaurebuli da

popularuli pamfleti, romelic Seiqmna

iohanes roixlinsa (1455-1522) da kolonis

(igive kiolnis) dominikanel berebs Soris

gamarTuli paeqrobis amsaxveli

masalebis gaSarJebisa da parodirebis

Sedegad. avtorebi anu parodistebi arian

germaneli humanistebi krotus rubianusi

(1486-1540) da ulrix fon puteni

(1488-1523). krebulis udidesi nawili

mimarTulia ortvin graciusisadmi,

romelic, Tumca TviTonac humanisti iyo,

Tavs dominikanelTa ordens miakuTvnebda

da maT gverdiT idga, rac, rogorc Cans,

oponentebs gansakuTrebiT aRizianebdaT

da isrebs metwilad misken mimarTavdnen.

satiris obieqtia agreTve iakob fon

hoxStraxeni (gard. 1527 w.), romelic

Zveli sqolastikuri tradiciis

warmomadgeneli iyo. epistoleebi

dawerilia iseTi stiliT, rac

bermonazvnuri laTinuris parodirebaa

da im meTodebis, asketizmis im formisa

da saeklesio-religiuri cxovrebis im

reglamentis mware satiras warmoadgens,

rac gviani Sua saukuneebis sqolastikasa

da, zogadad, im periodis kaTolikur

eklesias axasiaTebda. aRniSnuli Zeglis

didma popularobam bevrad ganapiroba

maSindeli klerikalizmisa da misi

warmomadgenlebis diskreditacia da

sxvadasxvaenovan mwignobar xalxTa

metyvelebaSi daamkvidra axali sityva _

obskurantizmi.

`obskurantizmi~ frangi

ganmanaTleblebis, mwerlebisa da

revolucionerebis sayvarel sityvad

iqca. mas xSirad xmarobda balzaki, ruso

da dasavleT Tu aRmosavleT evropis

bevri sxva mwerali, agreTve lenini da,

saerTod, rusi narodnikebi da social-

demokratebi, qarTul sinamdvileSic es

sityva ufro partiuli elitis

literaturul-propagandistur

metyvelebaSi gamoiyeneboda.

naTeli movida wuTisofelSi

da adamianebma naTelze

metad bneli Seiyvares.

(ioane 3,19)

_ siaxlis SiSi ase gamoikveTa da

Camoyalibda `obskurantizmis~ ZiriTadi

mniSvneloba _ sinaTlis mtroba anu

sibnele sinaTlis wil.

es mniSvneloba da Sinaarsi ufro

moralis sferos ganekuTvneba, vidre

ganaTlebisas, wignierebisas, zogadad _

inteleqtisas, vinaidan im formisa da im

saxis sibnele, rasac es termini

gulisxmobs, ara mxolod

gaunaTleblobisa da uwignurobis

Sedegia, aramed (da gacilebiT metad)

gaukuRmarTebuli cnobierebis,

rac azrovnebis unars da niWierebas, miT

umetes _ wignebis kiTxvas, karg

mexsierebasa da informirebulobas ar

gamoricxavs. metic _ obskurantebi

erTob nakiTxi da ganaTlebuli

pirovnebani brZandebian.

obskurantizmi azrovnebis, ufro

zustad, _ cnobierebis problema, misi

garkveuli mdgomareobaa. igi sazogado

movlenaa, rac imas niSnavs, rom

azrovnebiseuli sibnele, metnaklebad

yvela xalxsa da yvela sociums

axasiaTebs. sxvanairad rom vTqvaT,

obskurantobis mizezi anu azrovnebis

gaukuRmarTebisa da dabnelebis impulsi,

adamianis bunebaSia Cafesvili. amitomaa,

rom CvenSic da sxvaganac mouvleli da

`gaumarglavi~ sazogadoeba arCevans

miwierebis sasargeblod akeTebs anu,

rogorc ieso qriste ityvis ioanes

zemowarmodgenil muxlSi, cnobierad Tu

~`

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba24 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

qvecnobierad borotebisaken midrekili

adamianebi RvTiur sibrZnes

wuTisofliseul brZnadmetyvelebas

amjobineben. wuTisofeli ki CrdiliT da

wyvdiadiTaa savse, ris gamoc

obskurantizmis gamovlineba

mosalodnelia yofierebis nebismier

sferoSi, pirovnebis xasiaTebSi, qcevebSi

da, rac mTavaria, SexedulebebSi,

Teoriebsa Tu praqtikaSi. obskurantizmi

arsebobs mecnierebaSic, politikaSic,

xelovnebaSic da religiaSic. misi

niSnebia SiSi, siZulvili da isteria

siaxleebisadmi; sapirispiro poziciis

autanloba; sxva argumentebis

mousmenloba; sakuTar azrebSi gakerpeba;

erTi da imave adgilis tkepna;

stereotipebs CabRauWeba da subieqturi

Tvalsazrisebis axireba. obskurantizmi

kvebavs Seuwynareblobas,

Seuwynarebloba, Tavis mxriv, kvebavs

obskurantizms.

obskurantoba adamianis

arasrulyofilebis, gnebavT, _

wuTisofliseulobis erT-erTi niSania.

codvisaken midrekileba ama Tu im doziT

nebismier adamianSi iCens Tavs. aseve, da

SeiZleba paraleluradac, TiToeul kacs

gzadagza ubneldeba goneba. es

pirvelcodvis nayofi da bunebrivi

faqtia, magram adamis SvilTa fari da

maxvili am SemTxvevaSi uflis Segonebaa:

codva Casafrebulia karTan,

Senken aqvs mas ltolva,

Sen ki ibatone masze.

(dab. 4,7)

esaa mowodeba asketizmisaken, rac

gonebrivsa da zneobriv sifxizles

niSnavs. rac ufro fxizelia pirovneba,

miT ufro imarjvebs codvebzec da

obskurantizmzec.

obskurantizmi igive regresia, radgan

yvelgan da yovelTvis destruqciul

Zalad gvevlineba da sazogadoebis

ganviTarebis process amuxruWebs, magram

arc erT sferoSi mas iseTi vrceli

asparezi ar gaaCnia, gaRrmavebis

tendencias arsad ise ar amJRavnebs,

rogorc religiaSi, eklesiaSi, anda

eklesiis gavlenis sferoSi. aq igi

usasrulod izrdeba da damangrevel

Zalebs ikrefs, riTac, erTi mxriv, saxeli

utydeba sarwmunoebas da, meores mxriv,

maxinjdebian pirovnebebi, romlebic

nebsiT Tu uneblieT misi tyveebi xdebian.

xalxma, bnelSi moarulma,

ixila naTeli didi,

wyvdiadis qveyanaSi

mcxovreblebs naTeli

gamoubrwyindaT.

(es. 9,1)

_ obskurantebi bibliaSi

bibliuri anTropologia, romlis

centraluri idea nebisa da arCevanis

Tavisuflebaa, obskurantizmTan

winaaRmdegobasa da antagonizmSia.

RmerTma adamians borotisa da keTilis

Semecnebis xesTan misasvleli gza ar

gadauketa, xolo dacemis Semdeg mas

zrda-ganviTarebis saSualeba misca, raTa

Seecno WeSmariteba da RvTis msgavseba

moepovebina. saRvTo istoriis yovel

nabijze Cans, rom uzenaesi akurTxebs

adamianis svlas sinaTlisa da

progresisaken.

gavixsenoT esaias wignis is monakveTi

(Tavi 5), romelic iwyeba ase: `vumRereb

Cems Seyvarebuls siyvarulis simReras

mis venaxze: hqonda venaxi nayofier

gorakze Cems Seyvarebuls~. venaxma ki,

Tumca patronma movla ar daaklo,

sasurveli nayofi ar gamoiRo. iqve

pirdapiraa naTqvami, rom `sabaoT uflis

venaxi israelis saxli da iudas xalxia~.

mizezi, ris gamoc am saxlma da am xalxma

xeneSi nayofi gamoiRo, aris is, rasac

dRes Cven obskurantizms veZaxiT. ufali

sabaoTi ambobs: `vai maT, vinc borotebas

sikeTes arqmevs da sikeTes borotebas;

vinc bnels naTlad saxavs da naTels

bnelad; simwares sitkbod saxavs da

sitkbos simwared!~

axali aRTqmis obskurantebic is

israelianebi arian, romlebsac ar surT

naTelisa da bnelis erTmaneTisagan

garCeva; romlebic mTavarsa da

meorexarisxovans erTmaneTSi ureven;

sagnebisa da movlenebis garegan mxares

yuradRebas aqceven, Sinagans ki iviwyeben.

maT sinagogebSi pirvel adgilze jdoma

~`

~

`

25TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

da moednebze Tavis gamoCena uyvarT.

isini viTom winaswarmetyvelTa erTgule-

bi arian, sinamdvileSi ki winaswarmetyve-

lebs da mociqulebs xocaven da sdevnian.

eseni is `rjulis mecnerebi~ arian,

romlebmac `waritaces codnis

gasaRebebi; arc TviTon Sevidnen da

Semsvlelebic daabrkoles~ (luka 11,52).

aq obskurantizmisa da obskurantobis

qrestomaTiuli suraTia warmoCenili.

suraTi mZimea, magram isic faqti da

WeSmaritebaa, rom am wuTisofelSi

mxolod sibnele da yiameTi rodia. ioane

RvTismetyveli esaias zemocitirebul

sityvebs agvirgvinebs da gvamcnobs:

`naTeli bnelSi anaTebs da bnelma ver

moicva igi~ (ioane 1,5). adamiani atarebs

RvTis xatebas da msgavsebas anu

`sicocxlis suls~, romelic RmerTma mis

nestoebs STabera (dab. 2,7). amitomaa igi

ukvdavic da mokvdavic, zecieric da

miwieric. erTsa da imave pirovnebaSi

Tanaarsebobs codvac da madlic,

sinaTlec da sibnelec, obskurantizmic

da inteleqtualizmic.

sibnele wuTisoflis Tanamdevia. igi

iarsebebs manam, sanam wuTisofeli

iarsebebs. amitom sibnelisagan Tavis

daRweva wuTisoflis binadarTa idealia,

romlis gacnobiereba da xorcSesxma

mxolod gonier arsebebs ZaluZT.

saeklesio da saero pedagogikis mizani

adamianSi azrovnebis velis gafarToba

anu obskurantizmis daZlevaa.

saRvTo werili, romlis yuradRebis

centrSi adamiani da adamianTa

samkvidroa moqceuli, obskurantizmsa da

obskurantobis konkretul

gamovlinebebs did adgils uTmobs.

obskurantizmia yvelaferi, rac adamianis

mier RvTis nebisa da gangebulebis

sawinaaRmdegod warmoiTqmeba an keTdeba.

obskurantizmi kvebavs fanatizmsa da

crumorwmuneobas. maTgan pirveli raRac

ideisadmi atacebulobas da SeSlilobas

niSnavs, meore ki iseT rwmena-

warmodgenebs, romlebic ucxoa

gamocxadebis religiisaTvis da mis

dedaazrTan winaaRmdegobaSia. erTic da

meorec sibnelea da sazogadoebisaTvis

saSiSi realoba.

bibliaSi obskurantizmis, fanatizmisa da

crumorwmuneobis magaliTebia yvela is

faqti, Sexeduleba da tendencia, rasac

axali aRTqmis Teologia warmarTobas da

huriaebas uwodebs. aseTia, vTqvaT,

rwmena codvisa da madlis STamomavlo-

biT genetikuri gadacemis Sesaxeb, imis

Sesaxeb, rom, TiTqos, Svilebs da

SviliSvilebs mamebis da babuebis codve-

bi moekiTxebaT (ier. 31, 28-29); eris

rCeulobis iudauri aRqma (ramac iona

winaswarmetyvelis urCoba ganapiroba);

Tavisuflebisa da mefobis miwier-

utilitaruli gaazreba da Sors veRar

wasvla (rac qristes jvarcmis erT-erTi

safuZveli gaxda). obskurantuli

cnobiereba im pirvelqristianebmac

gamoamJRavnes, romlebmac naTlisRebis

Sinaarsi srulyofilad ver gaiazres da

winadacveTis ZalaSi datovebas

moiTxovdnen, ramac mociqulebs

seriozuli problemebi Seuqmna.

religiuri literaturis

damwvari sawyobi. 2002 wlis 28 ivnisi

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba26 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

obskurantizmi eklesiaSi

obskurantizmi agreTve rigorizmTan da

eqstremizmTan anu ukiduresobasTanaa

gadawnuli, romelic, aseve, fanatizmsa

da crumorwmuneobaSi vlindeba.

saeklesio dogmatikisa da praqtikis

magistraluri xazisaTvis anu sameufo

gzisaTvis yovelgvari ukiduresoba

ucxoa. amis Taobaze vrclad msjelobs

ediSer WeliZe statiaSi `gza sameufo~

(Jurn. `gza sameufo~, 1994, N1), romlis

Tanaxmadac, aRniSnul gzas rwmenisa da

codnis sinTezi axasiaTebs. amgvari

sinTezi ki, Tavis mxriv, aris zomierebis

da mSvidobis garanti. codnisagan

dacilebuli rwmena xSirad ampartavnebis

saTaved iqceva, romelic fanatizmisa da

crumorwmuneobis wyaroa. aseve _

ampartavnebamde mivyavarT rwmenisagan

ganyenebul codnas, romelic (codna

rwmenis gareSe) racionalizmis,

nihilizmisa da aTeizmis saTavea.

sameufo gza igive samociqulo

tradicia da eklesiis mamaTa uryevi

poziciaa. am gzis niSani aris wonasworo-

bis dacva da roca irRveva wonasworoba,

magistraluri xazic mruddeba.

am gamrudebas ori ukiduresoba

axasiaTebs:

1) araeklesiuri, e.i. gareSe codnis

gakerpeba, lamis gamocxadebul

sibrZnesTan gaTanabreba, ramac eresSi

Caagdo Zveli periodis moRvaweni _

origene da evnomiusi da 2) warmarTTa da

eretikosTa inteleqtualuri

memkvidreobis sruli uaryofa, ramac

imave periodis sasuliero pirebs,

tatiane sirielsa da tertulianes, aseve,

eretikosobisaken ubiZga.

obskurantoba eklesiaSi ori saxiT

vlindeba _ moZRvrebiTad da praqtikiT,

e.i. _ TeoriaSi da koleqtiur Tu

individualur cxovrebaSi.

pirveli igive eretikosoba da

seqtantobaa, romelTac xSirad

ampartavnuli Teologiuri

gamomeZiebloba da Cxirkedelaoba

warmoSobs.

eretikosoba da seqtantoba, rogorc

wesi, cnobierad an qvecnobierad qveynis

kulturas upirispirdeba, rasac

sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi qaosi Seaqvs.

amis saukeTeso magaliTia monofizitoba

da xatmebrZoloba bizantiaSi,

romelTagan pirvelma sigiJemde misul

asketizms gaukafa gza, xolo meorem (sxva

sakiTxia, mas es gacnobierebuli hqonda

Tu ara) _ xelovnebis nimuSTa fxrewa-

ganadgurebas da amdenad, zogadad,

inteleqtualur-SemoqmedebiTi unarebisa

da esTetikuri faseulobebis

daTrgunvas. am simaxinjis winaaRmdeg Sua

saukuneebis ara erTma da orma

moazrovnem aRimaRla xma, rac aisaxa

rogorc Zvel sasuliero mwerlobaSi,

gansakuTrebiT agiografiaSi, ise axali

drois mxatvrul literaturaSi.

sayuradReboa aleqsei tolstois

(1817-1875) poema `Rirsi ioane damaskeli~,

romlis Tanaxmad xatTambrZoloba

bneleTis mociqulobaa da misi

aRborgebis Jams, me-8 saukuneSi,

kulturas, e.i. poezias, musikas, ferweras

da, erTi sityviT, mSvenierebas qomagad

Tavad ufali moevlina. man STaagona

RvTismSobeli, warmoeTqva nebisa da

azrovnebis Tavisuflebis sadidebeli,

ramac sulieri SeWirvebis Jams,

monastris winamZRvris obskurantulma

axirebebma rom ganapiroba, wm. ioane

damaskeli SemoqmedebiTi cecxliT

aRagzno.

obskurantizmis suniTaa gaJRenTili

agreTve rusuli, dasavleTevropuli da

amerikuli warmomavlobis

ultraprotestantuli moZRvrebani.

maTma avtorebma da mimdevrebma ara

marto xatTayvanismcemloba gaaigives

kerpTayvanismcemlobasTan, riTac isini

iudaizms daubrundnen da qristianul

kulturas daupirispirdnen, aramed maT

mTeli saeklesio tradiciisa da

praqtikis ignorireba moaxdines,

rodesac bavSvobaSi monaTluli

adamianebis xelaxla monaTvla daiwyes.

aqac da sxva SemTxvevaSic obskurantul

moZRvrebaTa safuZveli saRvTo werilis

`mwvalebluri~, e.i. dayofiT,

gamoSignviT, konteqstisagan mowyvetiT,

ZiriTadi suliskveTebis

27TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

argaTvaliswinebiT kiTxva da Semecnebaa.

kiTxvisa da azrovnebis aseTi meqanizmis

klasikuri nayofia axireba _ saxarebaSi

weria, mama aravis uwodoT, da mRvdels

Tu mamas uwodebT, urjuloebaa! maTes

TavSi marTlac weria, aravis uwodoT

mama, radgan yvelas mama erTia _ RmerTi.

iqve isic weria: aravis uwodoT

maswavlebeli, radgan yvelas maswavle-

beli RmerTia (23, 8-10). rogor moviqceT:

aRarc sakuTar mamas vuwodoT mama da

aRarc maswavlebels _ maswavlebeli?!

saeklesio tradiciis meSCanur

ugulvebelyofas saeklesio tradiciis

aranakleb meSCanuri erTguleba

daupirispirda, ris gamoc rogorc

ruseTSi, ise dasavleT evropaSi alag-

alag sisxlis tbebi dadga.

eklesiuri obskurantizmis meore

saxeoba kidev ufro samarcxvinoa.

esaa sibnele im eklesiebSi, ufro sworad,

eklesiis jgufebSi, anda pirovnebebSi,

romlebic mrwamsiT anu TeoriiT sameufo

gzaze dganan. maT obskurantizms,

fanatizmsa da crumorwmuneobas

ganapirobebs adamianTa zogadi tendencia

sibnelisaken da araswori (anda

arasakmarisi) samoZRvro-pedagogiuri

praqtika, ris gamoc am tendenciis

aRmofxvra ver xerxdeba. aq Tavs iCens

morwmuneobis, e.i. piradi religiuri

grZnobebis Ria da samoqalaqo

sazogadoebaSi gamovlenis kulturis

deficiti, rasac igive obskurantuli

cnobiereba kvebavs. morwmuneobis

kulturas zogjer `saR sarwmunoebas~

eZaxian. igi eTikis sferos ganekuTvneba

da sarwmunoebis dogmatur mxaresTan

pirdapiri kavSiri ara aqvs (ix. Cveni

statia `saRi sarwmunoeba~, romelSic

ganxilulia kaTalikos-patriarq

kalistrate cincaZis Sexeduleba am

sakiTxze. _ `Tavisufleba~, 2002, N5).

marTlmadidebeli eklesiis istorias

morwmuneobis maxinjad gamovlenis,

e.i. eqstremizmisa da radikalizmis ara

erTi da ori faqti daufiqsirebia. maT

Soris yvelaze Semzaravi da

gaxmaurebulia aleqsandriel morwmuneTa

jgufis mier 415 wels filosofosi qalis

hipaTias aso-aso dagleja an, Tundac,

protopop ambakumis dawva 1648 wels

moskovSi.

obskurantizmis sinonimad xSirad

`Sua saukuneebis kaTolikuri bneleTi~

ixmareba da samarTlianadac, radgan

inkvizicia eretikosebisa da jadosnebis

sibneles sibneliTve upirispirdeboba da

am dapirispirebaSi bevr saR da naTel

siaxles koconebiT da saxrCobelebiTac

ki uswordeboda. misma meTodebma,

romlebSic siyvarulisa da saTnoebis

adgili siZulvilsa da sisastikes ekava,

Semxvedri sibnelis warmoSobas Seuwyo

xeli. esaa zRvargadasuli

protestantoba, igive seqtantoba (rasac

ukve SevexeT), nihilisturi cinikosoba

da mebrZoli aTeistoba. bolSevizms

noyieri niadagi swored ruseTis

marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi sakmaod

frTagaSlilma obskurantobam Seumzada.

ase rom, erTi tipis obskurantizmi,

rogorc wesi, meore tipis obskurantizms

Sobs. zemonaTqvams rom davubrundeT, _

xatebisadmi giJurma siyvarulma

bizantiaSi (V I I-V I I I ss.) xatebisadmi giJuri

siZulvili Sva, amasTanave mkafiod unda

iTqvas, rom swored `xatTa monobis~

obskurantizmma misca stimuli im

dogmatis gamomuSavebas, romelmac xatis

raoba da misi Tayvaniscemis reglamenti

zustad gansazRvra, _ am ubanze

Sualeduri, zomieri pozicia SeimuSava.

es faqti gamonaklisi araa:

obskurantuli ganwyobilebebis zeoba,

ise rogorc nebismieri rigorizmi,

sazogadoebas yelSi amosdis, yirWdeba

da, nebsiT Tu uneblieT, es sazogadoeba

iZulebuli xdeba, rom marTebuli da

konstruqciuli pozicia gamoZebnos.

msoflio saeklesio krebebi (325-787)

aseTi poziciis gamoZebnis mizniT moewyo.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba28 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

obskurantizmi saqarTveloSi

wm. nino, romelmac saqarTvelo

gaaqristiana, sindisis Tavisuflebis

bibliuri principiT xelmZRvanelobda.

man saero xelisufals ase mimarTa:

`ara brZanebul ars uflisagan maxvilisa

aRebai, aramed jer-ars saxarebiTa da

patiosaniTa jvariTa uCvenoT gzai

WeSmariti, mimyvanebeli cxovrebad

saukunod~. am sityvebiT igi

daupirispirda mefisa da erisTavis

pozicias, romlebic sarwmunoebis

sferoSi Zaladobas dasaSvebad

miiCnevdnen.

sakuTari nebis sxvisTvis Tavsmoxvevis

Jini obskurantuli cnobierebis

niSania.

analogiuri cnobiereba qarTlis

cxovrebaSi, ise rogorc nebismieri

qveynis cxovrebaSi, Tavs gzadagza iCens

da zogjer iq amoqmeddeba, sadac yvelaze

naklebad velodebiT _ ganaTlebul

saero da sasuliero wreebSi. amas pirvel

rigSi ilia WavWavaZe amCnevda da ambobda:

`iq ufro bnela, sadac naTeli

gveguleba~. saqarTvelos ugvirgvino

mefec swored am sibnelem _ partiulma

obskurantizmma _ Seiwira.

bolSevizmi da misi reJimi, rogorc bevri

sxva totalitaruli ideologia da

reJimi, obskurantobas Tavis arsebaSi

Seicavs (erTpartiuloba, koleqtiurobis

uzurpacia, pluralizmTan Seuguebloba).

komunistebis obskurantoba imaSic

gamoixateboda, rom isini yvelgan da

yvelaferSi, TavianTi Tavis garda,

obskurantizms xedavdnen. maTi yvelaze

didi samizne eklesia iyo, romelsac

upirobod `bneleTis mociqulad~

naTlavdnen. amasTanave, Cans, isini

xvdebodnen, rom eklesiaSi da, miT

umetes, marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi,

gaunaTleblobisa da regresuli nakadis

garda, romelic, raRa Tqma unda,

realurad arsebobda, ganaTlebisa da

mecnierebis lamparic enTo. mebrZolma

aTeistebma swored am lampris CaxSoba

daisaxes miznad. cnobilia leninis

piradi werili erT-erTi partiuli

liderisadmi, romelic Seicavs

miTiTebas, xeli Seuwyon samRvdeloTa

rigebis gaunaTlebeli da bneli kadriT

dakompleqtebas; eklesiaTa TaRebis qveS

uaryofiTi tendenciebis gaRrmavebas;

xalxis darwmunebas, rom saeklesio

cxovreba sibnelea da sxva araferi,

antireligiuri kampania ki mizanSewoni-

lia da aucilebeli. beladis kursma

saTanado nayofi gamoiRo. ai, ras

vkiTxulobT erT anonimur werilSi,

romelic kaTalikos kalistrate

cincaZis arqivSi inaxeba (uTariRoa,

XX s-is 30-iani wlebis miwuruls unda

ekuTvnodes): `mogvevlina RvTis risxva...

daiCagra sarwmunoeba da dakninda

samRvdeloeba. ukanaskneli idevneba

yvelgan da yvelaferSi.

igi ispoba fizikurad da Clungdeba

gonebrivad. dRiTidRe xelidan

gveclebian saukeTeso sasuliero

moRvaweni, xolo maTi Semcvleli

naklebad Cans~.

pirovnebebi, romlebic dRes saxelmwifo

da saeklesio mmarTvelobis zedafenebs

warmoadgenen, komunisturi diqtaturis

xanaSi gaizardnen. erTpartiuloba, rac

maSindeli cxovrebis fundamentad

mogvevlina, gansxvavebuli rwmena-

warmodgenebis, Tvalsazrisebisa da

poziciebis Seuwynareblobis

obskurantizms kvebavda. aRniSnul

Tavdasxma foniWalaSi

mSvidobian krebaze. 17 ivnisi 2001 weli

29TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

pirovnebaTagan zogi disidenti iyo, zogi

– komformisti. disidentebi oficiozsa

da mis Tanamsaxurebs SezRudul

azrovnebaSi, individTa Rirsebis

Selaxvasa da Tavisuflebis xelyafaSi

sdebdnen brals da, TiTqos, sindisis

Tavisuflebisaken iswrafvodnen. isini,

erTi SexedviT, obskurantizms

ebrZodnen, magram ucnauri da sakvirveli

isaa, rom maTi umravlesoba gacilebiT

mZime obskurantobas, SezRudul

azrovnebas, pirovnebis upativcemulobas,

ucxo azris autanlobas amJRavnebda da

amJRavnebs, vidre maTi samizne

komunistebi. amis dasturia 9 aprilis

wina da Semdgomdroindeli

manifestaciebi da mitingebi, romlebic

ilia marTlis SesxmaTa fonze

miedineboda, magram ilia marTlis

poziciisa da suliskveTebisagan ise

gansxvavdeboda, rogorc ca

dedamiwisagan. yvela araformali

qristianobas, eklesiurobas da

morwmuneobas iCemebda, magram arc erTs

saxarebiseuli saTnoebis niSanwyali ar

ecxo. am dros ieremia winaswarmetyvelis

xmasaviT gaisma mweral naira gelaSvilis

xma: `albaT erTaderTi codva, rac

bolSevikebs ar CaudeniaT, is iyo, rom

qristianobiT ar SeniRbulan. maT

`patiosani~ brZola gamoucxades

eklesias, mospes da moaSTes, riTac

faqtiurad angariSSi waages ...dRes

qristianobisTvis saSiSi periodi dgas.

xdeba misi `ayola~ sulis siRrmeSi

gautarebdad~ (`qarTuli filmi~, 1989,

1.XI. N 43). es xmac, bevri sxva xmis

msgavsad, udabnosa Sina mRaRadeblis

xmad darCa, radgan saqarTveloSi

rogorc saero, ise saeklesio obskuran-

tizmis arnaxuli aRzeveba swored 1989

wlidan daiwyo da am aRzevebis yvelaze

did simaxinjed Cven sarwmunoebis

profanacias, e.i. erovnuli da politi-

kuri miznebiT mis `moxmarebas~ vTvliT.

gulgriloba, romelic sasuliero

seminaria-akademiidan mowveuli

kaTolike stumris gaZevebis mimarT

qarTulma politikurma elitam

gamoamJRavna, savalalo prognozze

metyvelebda _ is gezi da orientacia,

romelic cxovrebis axal mdinares

hqonda aRebuli, sazogadoebis

gakeTilSobilebas xels ar Seuwyobda.

saeklesio obskurantizmi ori

mimarTulebiT ganviTarda:

1) provinciuli kosmopolitizmi da

2) provinciuli nacionalizmi, rasac

eklesiis enaze filetizmi hqvia. isini

TiTqos urTierTSeuTavsebeli

poziciebia, magram Cvens sinamdvileSi

maT erTmaneTs advilad gauges. ase

Camoyalibda morwmuneobis is forma,

romelic moklebulia siyvaruls, siTbos

da sinaTles. azrovnebis stiliT, xedvis

horizontiT da ganaTlebasTan, wigniere-

basTan, mecnierebasTan da saero kultu-

rasTan damokidebulebis TvalsazrisiT

igi tipiuri obskurantizmia.

ifeTqa antiekumenurma isteriam.

eklesiebSi da maTi galavnebis gareT _

presaSi, mitingebze, eTerSi,

dawesebulebebSi da samTavrobo

tribunebzec daiwyo qadageba: ekumenizmi

aris `masonoba~, `eresTa eresi~(?!),

`antimarTlmaddebloba~, `satanistoba~.

ekumenizmi asocirda dasavleTTan da

saqarTveloSi antiekumenurma isteriam

antidasavluri kampaniis Sinaarsi SeiZina.

amitom ucnauria is faqti, rom

antiekumenur lozungebs CvenSi is

politikuri partiebic eTanxmebodnen,

romlebsac, maTi TqmiT, kursi

dasavleTis civilizebuli qveynebisaken

hqondaT aRebuli. albaT esec iyo imis

mizezi, rom saqarTvelos

marTlmadidebeli eklesiis uwmindesma

sinodma da misma saWeTmpyrobelma

1997 wlis 20 maiss obskurantTa

pretenziebi daakmayofiles da ekumenur

moZraobaSi monawileobaze oficialurad

uari ganacxades.

saeklesio obskurantizmma qveynis

umaRles eSelonebSic iolad gaikafa gza.

mTavrobis kacTa da mTavrobis kacobaze

meocnebeTa yvela gamosvla, rac ki

TematikiT religiasTanaa dakavSirebuli,

obskurantizmis suniTaa gajerebuli.

saqarTvelos ministrTa sabWos

1990 wlis 12 aprilis dadgenileba

`marTlmadidebluri eklesiebis, yvela

sakulto nagebobisa da uZrav-moZravi

qonebis~ sapatriarqos sakuTrebad

gamocxadebis Sesaxeb winaaRmdegobaSia

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis normasTan,

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba30 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

romlis Tanaxmad, qveynis istoriis

memkvidre da istoriuli Zeglebis

mesakuTre aris qveynis mTeli mosaxleoba

eTniuri warmomavlobisa da

religiisadmi kuTvnilebis

ganusxvaveblad. obskurantizmi Jonavs

gamoTqmaSi `marTlmadidebluri

eklesiebi~, radgan sataZro arqiteqtura

ufro adgilobrivi realiebis gavleniT

yalibdeba, vidre konfesiis. amitomaa,

rom erTi da imave stilis nagebobebSi

SeiZleba marTlmadideblebmac iRvawon

da kaTolikeebmac. gaviTvaliswinoT, rom

baTumel, quTaisel, gorel Tu udel

marTlmadideblebs romauli

arqiteqturis SenobebSi RvTismsaxurebis

Catareba ar euxerxulebaT. kaTolikeebic

aseve iqcevian da es Cveulebrivi ambavia

(mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs uniaturi praqtika).

iqneb dafiqrdnen am da sxva, SinaarsiT

msgavs, dadgenilebaTa avtorebi da

mexotbeebi: romel administraciul

uwyebas aqvs imis kompetencia, gaarkvios

da daaskvnas, esa Tu is taZari,

magaliTad, Tbilisis noraSeni `somxur-

monofizituria~ Tu `qarTul-

diofizituri~? gamoTqmebi ama Tu im

arqiteqturis misamarTiT:

`marTlmadidebluri~, `kaTolikuri~ da

a.S. pirobiTia, ganekuTvneba

xelovnebaTmcodneobis sferos da

araviTar SemTxvevaSi iurisprudenciis,

administraciis Tu Telogiis dargebs.

aRniSnulma dadgenilebam safuZveli

Seumzada `konstituciur SeTanxmebas~,

romelic mTlianad da gansakuTrebiT

me-8 muxli antisaxelmwifoebrivi,

antierovnuli da obskurantulia.

obskurantizmi saqarTvelos ganaTlebis

sistemaSic batonobs. saTanado impulss

Seicavs kanoni ganaTlebis Sesaxeb,

romlis me-18 muxlis Tanaxmad

ganaTlebis saministrom

saganmanaTleblo programebi da

proeqtebi sapatriarqosTan unda

SeaTanxmos. darRveulia principi skolis

eklesiisagan gamoyofis Sesaxeb, ris

gamoc eklesias skolis funqciebSi

SeWris iuridiuli safuZveli eZleva.

zogadsaganmanaTleblo sagani

`religiebis istoria da kultura~

maswavlebelTa umravlesobis mier

`saRmrTo rjuladaa~ moazrebuli da

gakveTilebs metwilad konfesiur-

katexizmuri xasiaTi aqvs, rac bevr

SemTxvevaSi antiganmanaTleblobaSi da

antikulturulobaSi gadadis. arcaa

gasakviri, radgan am gakveTilebs

metwilad im mRvdlebis sulieri Svilebi

atareben, romlebic, SesaZlebelia

TviTon `gareSe~ sibrZnis Semcvel

wignebsac kiTxuloben, rokisa da smokis

manerebSic erkvevian, saerTaSoriso,

akademiuri Tu `sveturi~ terminebic

aqvT aTvisebuli da gaSinaurebuli,

magram, amis miuxedavad, sxvis gasagonad,

dasamoZRvrad da Sesagoneblad saero

mecnierebis, xelovnebis da, zogadad,

inteleqtualurobis diskreditacias

ewevian. ganaTlebis saministro an

saRaTas ZilSia, an daSinebulia, an

kmayofilia. yovel SemTxvevaSi am

savalalo da sagangaSo movlenebis

mimarT sakuTari pozicia jerjerobiT

ar gamouxatavs.

skolis obskurantizmma sasamarTloSic

SeaRwia, ris nimuSad didube-CuRureTis

sasamarTlos erTi gaxmaurebuli da

odiozuri procesi gamogvadgeba.

mosamarTlem Tavs ufleba misca,

ganexila `marTlmadidebel mSobelTa

kavSiris~ sarCeli, romelSic

Teologiur-eklesiologiuri sakiTxebi

iyo dasmuli da ori wignisaTvis saskolo

saxelmZRvanelos grifis moxsnas isaxavda

miznad. sarCeli dakmayofilda, riTac

skolaSi obskurantul tendenciebsa da

qmedebebs mwvane Suqi aenTo (ix. Cveni

wigni `msoflio religiebi

saqarTveloSi~, Tb., 2002, gv. 222).

muxli 8

1. saxelmwifo eklesiis sakuTrebad cnobs

saxelmwifo dacvaSi (muzeumebSi, sacavebSi)

myof saeklesio saganZurs (kerZo sakuTrebaSi

arsebuli nawilis garda).

2. zemoaRniSnuli saeklesio saganZuri, rogorc

saerTo erovnuli saganZuris nawili, aris

saxelmwifosa da eklesiis erTobliv

mflobelobaSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis

Sesabamisad (wminda nawilebisa da wminda

reliqviebis garda).

31TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

politikur arenaze `religiuri

socSejibria~ gaCaRebuli, romelSic

TiTqmis yvela partia monawileobs da

erTi meores tols ar udebs. zogierT

politikoss saqarTveloSi ierusalimis

cecxli Camoaqvs, zogs _ indoeTis mtveri

(wm. qeTevanis nawilTa samarxidan unda

iyoso?!), zogi ki Cveni winaprebis Zvlebs

saflavebSi aRar asvenebs (magaliTad,

astraxanSi), riTac, faqtobrivad,

ucxoeTis cis qveS qarTveli moRvaweebis

naterfalsa da qarTuli kulturis kvals

Slis. udavoa: saqme an politikur

demagogiasTan, an sibecesTan, erTi

sityviT, _ obskurantizmTan, gonebis

wyvdiadTan gvaqvs.

sarkazmad aRiqmeba qveynis pirveli piris,

prezident eduard SevardnaZis iseTi

sarwmunoebrivi eqspresiebi, rogoricaa,

SiSi _ mgoni cudi fexi maqvs; soxumi rom

ar davtove da iq bolomde davrCi, qalaqi

daeca. axla SemeSinda da quTaisSi amitom

aRar gavCerdio. aseTi gancxadeba gaakeTa

man 1993 wlis Semodgomaze, rodesac

eqsprezidenti quTaiss miuaxlovda.

gavida wlebi da igive prezidenti

gvarwmunebs: rasac RmerTi STamagonebs,

imas vakeTebo...

metyvian: arc prezidenti da arc Cveni

sxva politikosebi morwmuneebi ar arian;

religiuroba da, kerZod,

marTlmadidebloba maTTvis profesiuli

ankesia, badea, amomrCevlebi ki maT

TvalSi Tevzebi ariano. miT uaresi. maT

Cveni sazogadoebis ZiriTadi masa, Cans,

gonebrivad imdenad CamorCenili

hgoniaT, rom mis guls da gonebas

obskurantizmis suniT gaJRenTili

taqtika da crumorwmuneoba esalbuneba.

unda vifiqroT, rom Cvens politikur

isTebliSments Sesabamisi samsaxurebi

saqarTvelos moqalaqeTa inteleqtis

Sesaxeb aseT informacias awodeben.

RmerTma dagvifaros, rom es informacia

sinamdviles srulad Seesabamebodes,

saqarTveloSi mxolod yiameTi

batonobdes (nu iyofian!). ase Cveni

partiebis liderebs surT da hgoniaT.

Tumca imasac ver vityviT, maTi msunagi

mada iluziaa da meti araferi anu

Sesabamisi samsaxurebis informacia

mTlianad yalbia. sagodebeli aRniSnuli

madis usaSvelod mzardi koeficientia,

rac, Tavis mxriv, mosaxlebaSi maxinji

azrebisa da, kerZod, paTologiuri

misticizmis (nairnairi sarevela

balaxebis) aRmocenebas uwyobs xels. esaa

inteleqtualuri da zneobrivi monobis

niSani, ris Sesaxebac saxare-baSi

naTqvamia: naTesavi boroti da mruSi

saswauls eZiebs (maTe 16,4).

samkali bevria

(maTe 9,37; luka 10,2)

naTeli sadaa? _ mkiTxavs mkiTxveli.

naTelic aqvea, Cvens gverdiT, Cvens

cxovrebaSi. esaa: erSi _ demokratiuli

seqtori, romlis mizani pirovnebis

pativiscema, uflebaTa dacva da

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ganmtkicebaa.

xolo berSi _ Tbilisis sasuliero

akademia, sadac saRvTismetyvelo

pirvelxarisxovani Zeglebis Targmnisa da

aTvisebis procesi myar safuZvelze dgas.

es dawesebuleba bolo dros kaTalikos-

patriarqis uSualo zedamxedvelobis

areSi moeqca, rac imedis sxivia.

dResac ar moklebia cxovelmyofeli

Zala gazeT `saqarTvelos~ 1917 wlis

1 oqtombris sityvebs:

Cveni eklesiidan ganidevneba

Seusabami Teatraloba, xolo

mmarTvelobaSi moispoba is

Sesazari biurokratiuli

wesebi, romelic axSobda

sarwmunoebas da mis nacvlad

amyarebda klerikalobas da

mwvaleblobas. ganaTlebuli

kaTalikosis daxmarebiT Cveni

eklesia aRadgens Zvel martiv

wesebs da namdvil erovnul

adaTebs; dagmobs cezaropapis

politikas da marTva-gamgeobis

wesebs moawyobs ise, rogorc

moiTxovs Tanamedrove

cxovrebis pirobebi.

~

`

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba32 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

vladimer albrexti 1983 wlis aprilSi

amerikaSi emigraciaSi wavida. sabWoTa

kavSirSi igi im teqstis dawerisa da

gavrcelebisaTvis daapatimres, romelsac

mciredi SemoklebiT qvemoT gTavazobT.

aRiZra sisxlis samarTlis saqme

#57912/17-83. sabraldebo daskvnaSi

albrextis am naSromis Sesaxeb naTqvamia:

`aRsaniSnavia garkveuli gulmodgineba,

romliTac avtors xelnaweri

literaturulad daumuSavebia;

aRsaniSnavia RvarZliani cinizmisa da

antisabWoTa satiris mozRvaveba, rac

xelnawers ufro mimzidvels xdis im

pirebisTvis, romlebic xangrZliv

konfliqtSi imyofebian

samarTaldamcav organoebTan...~

albrextis es Txzuleba sabWoTa kavSiris

kanonmdeblobis da saerTod, sabWouri

realobis konteqstSia dawerili, magram

igi savsebiT aqtualuri SeiZleba iyos

yvelasTvis, vinc ki sazogadoebriv

aqtivobebSi monawileobs da visac amaSi

samarTaldamcavi struqturebi xels

uSlian. yovel SemTxvevaSi dakvirvebuli

mkiTxveli imas mainc daafiqsirebs, rom

Tundac arasrulyofil kanonmdeblobaze

dayrdnobiTac savsebiT SesaZlebelia

sistemis damarcxeba misive iaraRiT.

istoria

33TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

moulodneli dasawyisi

Tqven daSinebis gziT cdilobT, rom danaSauli

vaRiaro. rogor fiqrobT, ra ufro mZime

danaSaulia _ is, rac, Tqveni azriT, me Cavidene,

Tu is, rasac Tqven axla CadixarT?

warmoidgineT ori adamianis dialogi. erTi saubrobs

Tavisuflad, TavSekavebiT; meore - Sinaganad SeboWilia,

gamudmebiT raRac ganyenebulze fiqrobs. misi

reaqciebi sasacilo da xelovnuria. man danamdvilebiT

icis, rom kedlebsac yurebi aqvs da, amitom,

daSinebulia. mas sakuTari mouxerxeblobis da

enabrgvnilobis, Tavisi da sxvisi gaufrTxilebeli

sityvis, dacinvis eSinia. ar gagikvirdeT da, es adamiani

gamomZiebelia; is pirveli ki - Tqven xarT.

vladimer

albrexti

rogor moviqceT,

Tu mowmed

gamogviZaxes?

gamomZiebeli: saidan gaqvT saxareba?

mowme: maTesgan

(dakiTxvis istoriebidan)

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba34 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

pirveli warmatebebi

avtori: rogori dakiTxva

gawyobT _ xanmokle

Tu xangrZlivi?

mkiTxveli: ra Tqma unda,

xanmokle. Tavad

gamomZiebeli rogors

isurvebda?

avtori: isic xanmokles. mas

cota dro da bevri

SekiTxva aqvs.

misTvis umjobesi

iqneboda, Tqven Tu

iCqarebdiT. sadac

siCqarea, iq

dabneulobaa.

mkiTxveli: da Tu saqme

SeTiTxnilia?

avtori: maSin dakiTxva

aucileblad

warumateblad

damTavrdeba _ an

misTvis, an TqvenTvis.

(avtoris saubari

mkiTxvelTan)

rogorc stanislavskis uTqvams,

Teatri garderobidan iwyeba...

Sexvedrisas gamomZiebeli

gesalmebaT, xels garTmevT da

migiTiTebT, sad CamokidoT palto.

igi Tavazianad iqceva da, TiTqos,

wamebas ar gipirebT. TqvenTvis es

moulodnelia da Svebas grZnobT:

ratom unda iCxuboT, Tuki SeiZleba,

problema mSvidobianad mogvardes?

magram yvelafer amaSi aris raRac

xelovnuri _ samoyvarulo

Teatridan. grZnobT? Tu jer vera?

keTili, axla Tqven iTamaSebT

ubralo, Zalian dakavebuli adamianis

rols, romelsac mexsiereba

Ralatobs, Tumca, mzadaa, gamoZiebas

daexmaros.

aris ki saWiro, gamoZiebas

daexmaroT? darwmunebuli var,

saWiroa. davuSvaT, gamomZiebeli

mkvlelobis an qurdobis saqmeze

WeSmaritebis garkvevas cdilobs.

Tqveni valia, daexmaroT mas. magram

Tu mowmed gamogiZaxes Tqveni

megobris saqmeze, romelsac brali

antisabWoTa literaturis

gavrcelebasa da ciliswamebaSi

edeba? darwmunebuli xarT, rom

braldeba cru da usamarTloa? maS,

xeli SeuwyveT simarTlis dadgenas.

es Tqveni zneobrivi movaleobaa.

jerjerobiT, Tqven gamomZieblis

TamaSSi CaerTeT _ megobruli

saubari grZeldeba. TamaSis wesi

saSualebas aZlevs Tqvens

Tanamosaubre-profesionals,

gkiTxoT is, rasac, wesiT, ar unda

gekiTxebodeT: Tqvens Sesaxeb; viRac

sxvis Sesaxeb. kiTxvebi, Tqveni azriT,

umniSvneloa. yvelaferi zrdilobis

farglebSia. Tumca, rodesac

gamomZiebeli Seityobs yvelafers,

35TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

rac ainteresebs, igi, ra Tqma unda,

tyuils aRmoaCens da... gabrazdeba

(mas es exerxeba). Tu Tavis marTlebas

daiwyebT, maSin igi gacilebiT mets

Seityobs. da amas Zalian iolad

miaRwevs, roca miganiSnebT imis

Sesaxeb, rom yvelaferi icis da

muqarasac Seaparebs. Tqven

agrZelebT pasuxebis gacemas, magram,

ratomRac, cotaTi nanobT. ras? iqneb

imas, rom Sexvedrisas xeli

CamoarTviT?

giSliT Tu ara xels

cxovrebiseuli gamocdileba?

ratomRac, saWiro gaxda

magaliTad momeyvana, Tu

rogor vixilavdiT andria da

me `adamianis uflebaTa~

problemas. saubrisas

hercog engieni vaxsene.

gamomZiebeli aRSfoTda.

_ andriasTan erTad

marTla saubrobdiT

hercog engienze?

_ ra maxsovs? raze ar

saubroben megobrebi

15 wlis ganmavlobaSi?!

(dakiTxvis istoriidan)

ra moxda? Tqven ar gindodaT,

gagenawyenebinaT adamiani, romelic

zrdilobianad mogeqcaT. momiteveT

da, ra aris amaSi cudi? Tuki

ideologiebis `mSvidobiani

Tanaarseboba~ SeuZlebelia, Cans,

ganawyeneba misi movaleobaa.

gamomZiebelma cota mogatyuaT; man

cota gadauxvia dakiTxvis

warmoebisTvis dadgenil

proceduras. igi Tqveni

gamoucdelobiT sargeblobs da

cdilobs, dagaSinoT; magram Tavad

mSvenivrad esmis, rom sanam Tqveni

sityvebi oqmSi ar aris Setanili da

sanam ar migiciaT xelwerili cru

Cvenebis micemisaTvis

pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb, Tqvens

sityvebs Zala ar aqvs. jerjerobiT,

Tqven mis xelSi ar xarT.

misi undobloba gamcirebT?

ara, albaT, ufro sakuTari tyuili

da ybedoba dagamcirebT. Tqven

arc tyuili unda geTqvaT da arc

raime zedmeti.

axla, roca erTSic da meoreSic

gamogiWires, ukve TiTqmis monawile

xarT SeTanxmebisa. axla igi

`Sewyalebas~ SemogTavazebT

gulaxdilobis sanacvlod. Tumca,

Semdeg advilad uaryofs Tavis

pirobas. Tqven ki?! Tqven xom ukve

waxvediT kompromisze...

bolos da bolos, es dakiTxvaa

Tu saubari?

mowme: miWirs, vupasuxo

Tqvens SekiTxvebs,

ramdenadac pasuxs ar

vageb sakuTar

sityvebze.

gamomZiebeli: rogor ara -

pasuxs agebT Tqvens

naTqvamze.

mowme: maSin, neba momeciT,

xelmoweriT

davadasturo, rom

pasuxs vageb cru

Cvenebis micemisTvis.

(dakiTxvis

istoriebidan)

dakiTxva da saubari sulac ar aris

erTi da igive. saubars kanoni ar

iTvaliswinebs. is mxolod mowmis

fsiqologiur Semowmebas isaxavs

miznad. ratom ar SeiZleba, Tqvenc

igive scadoT?!

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba36 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

gamomZiebeli gekiTxebaT _ Tqven

pasuxobT (Tu mexsiereba ar

gRalatobT). Tqven ekiTxebiT _

gamomZiebeli gpasuxobT (cxadia, Tu

surs). rogorc ityvian, informaciis

gulaxdili gacvlaa.

magram male Tqven aRmoaCenT, rom

gamomZiebeli eSmakobs, anu

gulaxdili saubris SemoTavazebiT,

mas Tqveni motyueba surs. uTxariT

amis Sesaxeb (ra Tqma unda,

Tavazianad) da oqmis gaformeba

moiTxoveT. Tu igi uarzea da

Zveleburad surs `saubari~, dae,

sakuTar Tavs esaubros. Tu mas aqvs

ufleba, nebismier dros

gagesaubroT, Tqven ufleba gaqvT,

saerTod ar esaubroT mas. araferi

gamodis? _ maSin moiTxoveT, mogcen

saSualeba, werilobiT gaaformoT

pasuxismgebloba Cvenebis micemis

uaryofaze da cru Cvenebaze.

ramdenadac amis gakeTeba mxolod

oqmSia SesaZlebeli, ifiqreT, rom

Tqvensas miaRwieT.

oqmis Sevseba dawyebulia. axla

TiToeuli kiTxva da pasuxi iwereba.

igi Tavis kiTxvebs wers, Tqven _

Tqvens pasuxebs. amrigad, Tqven

naxevari oqmis sruluflebiani

mflobeli xarT.

Tu erT-erT Tqvengans eSinia

simarTlis, dae, es iyos igi da ara

Tqven. Tqveni pasuxebidan mxolod

simarTle unda gamosWviodes;

simarTle, romelic moralurad

dasaSvebia. sxvagvari, principSi, arc

arsebobs.

oTxi ZiriTadi principi

ieso warsdga mmarTvelis

winaSe.

da mmarTvelma hkiTxa: Sen xar

iudevelTa mefe?

iesom miugo mas: amas Sen ambob

(saxareba maTesi, 27, I I )

modixarT dakiTxvaze da ucdiT,

rodis ityvis igi tyuils. pirvel

tyuils apatiebT: misTvis notaciebis

wasakiTxad ar mosulxarT. magram

garkveuli drois Semdeg situacia

meordeba. Tanac, igi gamudmebiT

gisvamT SekiTxvebs, romlebzec

pasuxis gacemisas zogadsakacobrio

Rirebulebebs unda iTvaliswinebdeT.

davuSvaT, daaskveniT, rom Tqveni

moraluri Sexedulebebidan

gamomdinre, SesaZlebelia, pasuxi

gasceT ama Tu im SekiTxvas. am

SemTxvevaSi, Tqven erTgvarad

moeqeciT mniSvnel `Ä~-s

zemoqmedebis qveS (sityvidan

`Äîïóñòèìîñòü~). amasTan erTad,

arsebobs kidev sami mniSvneli,

romelTa codna saSualebas mogcemT,

ufro Tavdajerebulad

gamoiyurebodeT.

37TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

rogor vupasuxoT

rTul SekiTxvas?

(mniSvnel `Ï~-sa da `Ë~-s Sesaxeb)

gamomZiebeli: minda,

xelweriliT

damidasturoT

pasuxismgebloba,

romelsac sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsis

184-e muxli

iTvaliswinebs

gamoZiebis saidumlos

gamJRavnebisaTvis.

mowme: ver dagidasturebT.

gamomZiebeli: ratom?

mowme: is, rac unda mogaxsenoT,

adreve vicodi.

CemTvis es arc

sagamoZiebo masalaa

da arc saidumlo.

gamomZiebeli: Cemi SekiTxvebi?

ratom fiqrobT, rom

isini gamoZiebis

saidumlos ar

warmoadgens?

mowme: ra mniSvneloba aqvs, me

ras vfiqrob? CawereT

SekiTxva oqmSi da

vupasuxeb.

gamomZiebeli: vici, dawerT,

rom SekiTxvas

`saqmesTan kavSiri

ar gaaCnia~.

mowme: marTalia, swored ase

davwer. igi Secba da

daJinebiT aRaraferi

mouTxovia.

(avtorisa da

gamomZieblis

dakiTxvidan

a. tviordoxlebovis

saqmesTan

dakavSirebiT,

1975 w. ivnisi).

ar inerviuloT. arsebobs mravali

rTuli sakiTxi, romlebzec erTi

martivi pasuxi moiZebneba. igi

Tavazianad da auCqareblad unda

warmoTqvaT: `CawereT SekiTxva oqmSi

da vupasuxeb~. Tu gamomZiebeli amas

ar akeTebs, Tqven ar xarT

valdebuli, mis SekiTxvas pasuxi

gasceT. am pozicias, pirobiTad,

mniSvnel `Ï~-Ti aRvniSnavT (sityva

`Ïðîòîêîë~-is pirveli asodan

gamomdinare).

`Ï~ gamomZiebels xels uSlis,

Seadginos oqmis Savi varianti.

magaliTad, xels uSlis, gaauqmos mis

mierve dasmuli SekiTxva, Tu Tqveni

pasuxi xels aRar aZlevs. es ki

mniSvnelovania.

yvelaze `rTuli~ TqvenTvis is kiTxva

aRmoCndeba, romelic piradad Tqven

gexebaT. am SemTxvevaSi, ukve mowme ki

ara, eWvmitanili an braldebuli

xdebiT. magram, kanoniT, eWvmitanili

an braldebuli pasuxs ar agebs cru

Cvenebis micemisTvis, Cvenebis

micemaze uaris TqmisTvis an Tavis

aridebisTvis.

warmoidgineT, vinme k-m ganacxada,

rom wigni, romelic CamoarTves,

Tqvengan miiRo. imis miuxedavad, aris

Tu ara es wigni mTavrobisTvis zianis

momtani, cxadia, Tqven ganawyenebuli

xarT. radgan es wigni sazianoa

rogorc k-sTvis, aseve _

TqvenTvisac. SegiZliaT, ganacxadoT,

rom moxaruli iqnebodiT,

gangemartaT, visia es wigni, magram

radganac miukerZoebeli ar xarT,

amas ver gaakeTebT. principSi, Tqven

arc unda gendon, radgan

dainteresebuli piri xarT:

danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanili. ase

rom, WeSmariteba Tqvens gareSe unda

dadgindes.

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba38 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

_ da raSi gamoixateba Tqveni

daintereseba? _ vTqvaT,

gekiTxebaT gamomZiebeli.

_ dainteresebuli var, davamtkico

Cemi udanaSauloba _ davuSvaT,

pasuxobT Tqven.

_ xels ra giSliT? _ gkiTxavT

igi.

_ bevri ram, _ upasuxebT Tqven, _

jer erTi, advokati ar myavs.

meorec, kanonebi ar vici.

mesame, gaurkvevelia, ra unda

vamtkico (CemTvis xom brali ar

warudgeniaT). dabolos, saeWvoa

Tavad imis aucilebloba, rom

raRac unda vamtkico. arsebobs

mosazreba, rom mtkicebis

tvirTi gamoZiebaze modis.

Tu gamomZiebeli ver mSviddeba,

sasargebloa, masTan erTad

yvelaferi Tavidan gaiaroT da imiT

daiwyoT, rom `moxaruli iqnebodiT,

pasuxi gagecaT dasmul SekiTxvaze~.

am pozicias pirobiTad davarqvaT

`Ë~, sityvidan `Ëè÷íîå~.

SekiTxva, romelsac saqmesTan

kavSiri ar aqvs an, piriqiT,

`sakmaod mWidro~ kavSiri aqvs

(mniSvnel `Î~-s Sesaxeb)

gamomZiebeli: uars ambobT,

aRiaroT, rom icnobT

werilis avtors?

mowme: ara, ar uarvyof.

gamomZiebeli: maSin, ra

giSliT xels, brZanoT,

vin aris werilis

avtori?

mowme: imis aucilebloba, rom

gamoZiebaSi arsebuli

saqmiT Semovifarglo.

(tviordoxlebovis

dakiTxvis oqmidan,

1975w. ivnisi)

Tqven gaqvT safuZveli, Tavi

SeikavoT pasuxisagan, Tuki

darwmunebuli xarT, rom

gamomZieblis kiTxva saqmes ar exeba.

amgvari sababi maSinac Cndeba, roca

kiTxva miniSnebiT xasiaTs atarebs da

mowmes ubiZgebs, Tqvas `ki~ an `ara~.

kanoni pirdapir krZalavs

mimaniSnebel SekiTxvebs. magaliTad,

ar SeiZleba, gkiTxon: `gaTxovaT Tu

ara rabinoviCma `gulagis

arqipelagi?~ kiTxva SeiZleba daisvas

sxva formiT: `gaTxovaT Tu ara

rabinoviCma raime wigni?~ davuSvaT,

Tqven acxadebT, rom ar iciT, romel

rabinoviCzea saubari da mis fotos

iTxovT. aseT SemTxvevaSi,

gamomZiebels ar aqvs ufleba,

mxolod erTi foto giCvenoT _ igi

valdebulia, erTdroulad ramdenime

warmogidginoT, raTa Tavad

amoicnoT rabinoviCi. am moTxovnis

Sesruleba arc ise iolia, miT

umetes, rom amocnoba mowmeebis

TandaswrebiT unda xdebodes da

werilobiT (oqmSi) formdebodes.

`ÏËÎÄ~ sistema

axla SeecadeT, gonebaSi aRidginoT

wakiTxuli. maS ase, yvela SekiTxva

ukavSirdeba oTx mniSvnels,

romlebic `ÏËÎÄ~ sistemas qmnian.

mniSvneli `Ï~ ukavSirdeba moTxovnas,

Seitanon kiTxvebi oqmSi. mniSvneli

`Ë~ gulisxmobs, rom kiTxvam piradad

Tqven eWvmitanilis mdgomareobaSi ar

unda CagayenoT. `Î~ aRniSnavs

SekiTxvis kavSirs saqmesTan, magram

arc Zalian mWidros. mniSvneli `Ä~

ki gansazRvravs, Tu ramdenad

Seesabameba Tqvens moralur

Sexedulebebs ama Tu im SekiTxvaze

pasuxis gacema.

aSkaraa, rom am sistemis daxmarebiT

39TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

Tqven SeZlebT, gafrTxildeT da ar

aCqardeT. interesi gagiCndebaT Tu

ara, SiSic TavisTavad gaqreba.

oTxive mniSvneli mowodebulia

usiamovnebisagan Tavis dasacavad: Tu

pirveli sami oqmSi araxelsayreli

informaciis Setanisagan dagazRvevT,

meoTxe, piriqiT, emsaxureba oqmSi im

informaciis Setanas, rac TqvenTvis

mniSvnelovania.

rogor vupasuxoT

martiv SekiTxvebs?

imisTvis, rom gamomZiebeli

sakuTari kiTxvis uazrobaSi

damerwmunebina, vkiTxe:

`ki, magram, rodis

dainteresdiT adamianis

uflebaTa sakiTxiT?~

pasuxi imdenad moulodneli

iyo, rom kinaRam skamidan

gadavvardi. aRmoCnda, rom es

mas saerTod ar ainteresebs.

(dakiTxvis istoriebidan)

martivi kiTxvebisgan gamomZiebeli

erTgvar sarwevelas qmnis. msubuq

rwevaSi igi sayrden SekiTxvas

amzadebs. jer Tqveni yuradReba unda

moadunos. nel-nela saubari mxne

temps krefs da ucbad _ rTuli

SekiTxva. Tqven SecbiT, rac

gamomZiebels axarebs. igi Seafasebs

Tqvens Secbunebas, SegaxsenebT

pasuxismgeblobas cru CvenebisTvis

da ar gaZlevT yuradRebis mokrebis

saSualebas.

aseT dros ar unda aCqardeT. xels

aravin giSliT, martiv kiTxvaze iseve

seriozulad ifiqroT, rogorc

rTulze. swraf kiTxvebs dinjad

upasuxeT da oqmSic daamateT raime,

magaliTad: `eWvmitanils antisabWoTa

literatura arasodes SemouTavazebia.

amasTanave, gamomZiebelTan Txovna

meqneboda, rom nu SemaSinebda, xmas

nu auwevda, nu damaCqarebda da, erTi

sityviT, nu moaxdenda Cemze

zewolas~. `magram me Tqvenze zewola

ar momixdenia~. `arc miTqvams, rom

moaxdineT. mxolod gTxoveT, rom

aseTs adgili ar hqonoda~. Tu amis

Semdeg gamomZiebeli yvirils

daiwyebs, Tqven upasuxebT: `xedavT?

swored es aris zewola. ukve xelic

ki amicaxcaxda~. ar iuxeSoT,

ubralod, zrdilobiani moqceva

moiTxoveT. Tu gamomZiebeli `magar~

gamoTqmebs mimarTavs, daawynareT,

auxseniT, rom Cxubi sul ar aris

saWiro. Cven xom yvelani

inteligentebi varT...

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba40 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

rogor vupasuxoT

Zalze martiv SekiTxvas?

(mniSvneli `Ä~)

mowme: marTalia, braldebuli

pianinoze ukravda,

magram me gTxovdiT,

rom es oqmSi ar

dagefiqsirebinaT.

gamomZiebeli: ratom?

mowme: imitom, rom andrei Cemi

megobaria, Tqven ki

mteri xarT. igi

cixidan gamova da

mkiTxavs: `ratom

uTxari pianinos

Sesaxeb?~ ra vupasuxo?

(gamomZieblisa da

mowmis saubridan

tviordoxlebovis

saqmeze 1975 w.)

mimdinareobs dakiTxva konkretuli

saqmis garSemo: ciliswameba sabWoTa

wyobis winaaRmdeg (ara kritika,

aramed ciliswameba).

_ ra iciT amis Sesaxeb? _ vTqvaT,

gekiTxebaT gamomZiebeli.

_ araferi.

_ is mainc Tu gjeraT, rom

ciliswamebas adgili hqonda?

_ ara, ra Tqma unda.

Tqven arc gjeraT da Tan

frTxilobT, Tqveni CvenebiT vinmes

ziani ar miayenoT. ar gindaT, rom

vinme gaCxrikon an dakiTxon “yoveli

SemTxvevisTvis”. maS, gulwrfelad

dawereT amis Sesaxeb. es kargi pasuxi

iqneba dasmul kiTxvaze. dawereT,

vidre gamomZiebeli konkretul

saubars daiwyebdes: icnobT Tu ara

mavans da mavans? rodis gaicaniT? vin

gaxldaT, roca maRaziaSi waxvediT?...

konspiracias Tqvengan aravin iTxovs.

es Tqveni ki ara, imaTi saqmea da,

Zalian gTxovT, ar SeSindeT.

dakiTxvisas nurc telefoniT

gaufrTxilebeli saubrebi

SegakrTobT, nurc piradi

usiamovnebebi. samagierod, frTxilad

unda iyoT da gamomZiebels ar unda

uTxraT, rom stumrad Sampaniurs

svamdiT. savaraudod, amis Semdeg

Tqvens axloblebze iseT feletons

daweren, rom SampaniurSi CaaxrCoben.

gulubryvilo aRiareba imisa, rom

Tqvens megobars qolga aTxoveT,

gamomZiebelma ise SeiZleba

gamoiyenos, rom erTi weli cixeSi

mjdom adamians moaCvenos, TiTqos,

mis Sesaxeb yvelaferi ician. kidev

ara uSavs, Tu amis Semdeg igi 33 kg.

oqros damalvis faqts aRiarebs,

magram, vaiTu, antisabWoTa

propagandis gziT sabWoTa

xelisuflebis damxobis mcdeloba

aRiaros?

gamodis, realurad saSiSia ara

rTuli SekiTxvebi, aramed –

warmoudgenlad martivi.

41TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

isev rTuli kiTxvebis Sesaxeb

(ganvixiloT ramdenime magaliTi.

mniSvneli `Ë~)

mowme: diax, vadastureb Cems

xelmoweras wamebis

sayovelTao akrZalvis

Sesaxeb moTxovnaze.

gamomZiebeli: rogor

viTarebaSi moawereT

xeli am dokuments?

mowme: garemoebebi ar maxsovs.

gamomZiebeli: maS,

ratomRa adasturebT

Tqvens xelmoweras?

mowme: imitom, rom dokumentis

sawinaaRmdego

araferi maqvs da mzad

var, axlac movawero

xeli.

(dakiTxvis

istoriebidan)

1. SekiTxva: `dabeWdeT Tu ara

piradad Tqven, an sTxoveT Tu ara

vinme sxvas wign `gulagis

arqipelagis~ dabeWdva?~

vivaraudoT, rom Tqven marTlac

dabeWdeT wigni. amaze saubari ar

gsurT, magram arc tyuilis Tqma

gindaT. axla Tqven iZleviT

Cvenebas vinme k-s saqmeze,

amitomac pasuxobT: ar maxsovs,

odesme k-sTvis am wignis dabeWdva

meTxovos, an mas eTxovos CemTvis

igive.

2. SekiTxva: vin aris ama da am

xelnaweris avtori, romelic

Tqven aRmogaCndaT Cxrekisas da

waakiTxeT Tu ara igi vinmes?

pasuxi: ar maqvs safuZveli, rom k

miviCnio xelnaweris avtorad;

aseve, ar maxsovs, rom igi

wasakiTxad mimeca k-sTvis, an

masTan erTad ganmexila es

xelnaweri.

3. ra giSliT xels, gviTxraT, vin

aris xelnaweris avtori?

pasuxi: xels miSlis imis Segneba,

rom xelnaweri ciliswamebas ar

Seicavs.

4. kiTxva: uars ambobT, xelnaweris

avtorad sakuTari Tavi aRiaroT?

pasuxi: arc erTi da arc meore.

Cems gancxadebebze, statiebze,

wignebze, xelnawerebze uari

arasodes miTqvams. magram Tu

Tqven dainteresebuli xarT,

daamtkicoT Cemi avtoroba, raTa

mere ukanonod damdoT brali,

uars vambob TqvenTan

TanamSromlobaze. Tqven

gWirdebaT _ Tqvenve daamtkiceT.

me ar vapireb, Tqveni samuSao

gavaiolo, radgan gamoZieba

kanonierad ar mimaCnia.

Tqven mainc geSiniaT...

arada, sul tyuilad

swavluli erTi-ori

iyo galileis toli.

icoda, qveyana brunavda

magram ojaxzec zrunavda...

gamomZieblis mxridan imis Sexseneba,

rom Cvenebis micemaze uaris Tqma

garkveul pasuxismgeblobas

gakisrebT, usiamovno gancdas iwvevs

TqvenSi. amavdroulad, gaSinebT

rogorc gamomZiebelTan gamoZaxeba

da iqauri garemo, aseve momavalic.

magram, jerjerobiT, yvelaferi

rigzea, Tu, ra Tqma unda, Tavs

flobT da situacias akontrolebT.

daimaxsovreT: nebismier SekiTxvaze

pasuxisgan Tavis Sekaveba dasaSvebia,

radgan zogadad Cvenebis micemaze

uars ar ambobT. meorec, Tqven

SegiZliaT gamomZiebels mosTxovoT

ruseTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi

da miuTiToT 182-e muxlze, sadac

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba42 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

weria, rom: `Cvenebaze uaris Tqmis an

Cvenebis micemisgan Tavis Sekavebis

SemTxvevaSi...~ Tqven SesaZloa

daisajoT `gamasworebeli

samuSaoebiT 6 Tvemde vadiT, an 50

maneTamde jarimiT~. meore mxriv,

Tqven sulac ar grcxveniaT aRiaroT,

rom geSiniaT, vinaidan gamomZiebelma

winaswar icis, rogori sasjelic

geliT. erTaderTi, rac

mogeTxovebaT _ Tqvens mier

gancdili SiSi oqmSi daafiqsiroT,

rogorc gulwrfeli aRiareba.

gamomZiebelma xom Tavad SegaxsenaT,

rom oqmSi mxolod simarTle unda

Caiweros.

ara, Tqven sruliad

verafers xvdebiT

iq mosCans Zegli saxelmwifosi,

saxe anaTebs Zalauflebis.

leRvis foToli umankoebis

faravs organos uSiSroebis.

davuSvaT, gkiTxes: eweoda Tu ara

braldebuli k antisabWoTa

propagandas? (man es TviTon aRiara).

ra Tqma unda, Tqven ise pasuxobT,

rogorc saWirod migaCniaT. Tqven

msjelobT: raRac ar gagondebaT, rom

mas Tqvens winaSe raime saSinelebis

Cadena eRiarebina.

amboben, gaugebroba Wkuis niSaniao.

rasakvirvelia, umaRlesi ganaTleba

bevrs iZleva, magram genialuri

aRmoCenebis avtorebs xSirad

uCndebaT eWvi swored imasTan

dakavSirebiT, rac sxvebisTvis

bunebrivad da utyuarad

gamoiyureba.

ras gulisxmobs fraza: `antisabWoTa

saubrebi?~ rogoria am gaugebari

sityvebis iuridiuli mniSvneloba?

gamomZiebeli dagvdebs pativs,

agvixsnas isini? davuSvaT,

mSvidobisaTvis cnobili mebrZoli

romelime sityvas ver gamoTqvams,

amis Sedegad ki anekdoti ibadeba.

iqneba is antisabWoTa? nebadarTulia

Tu ara anekdotebis moyola

xruSCovze? breJnevze? saerTod,

rogor anekdotebs an saubrebs

SeuZlia, safuZveli Seuryios

arsebul wyobas? rogor unda

SeinarCuno wyoba, romelic SeiZleba

saubrebs Seewiros?

`me mZuls Tqveni ideebi, magram mzad

var, sicocxle gavwiro, raTa Tqven

gqondeT maTi gamoxatvis ufleba~, _

43TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

ambobda volteri. ar var

darwmunebuli, rom axla saWiroa

sapirispiros mtkiceba. mkiTxvelo,

bodiSs gixdi gulubryvilobisaTvis,

magram amboben, rom adamianis

uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis

me-19 muxlis zepirad codna

erTgvari Tilismaa. marTalia? ar

vici.

Tqven braldebulTan

dasapirispireblad giwveven

braldebulis sityvebs verc

vadastureb da verc uarvyof.

sasamarTlo jer ar yofila,

piri ukve cixeSia. misi brali

_ miTia, mis uflebaTa dacvaze

fiqri ki imdenad SeuZlebelia,

rom yvelani iZulebuli varT,

sibraluliT vuyuroT, Tu

rogor swamebs igi cils sxvas

sakuTari Tavis dasacavad

(mowmis azri)

samwuxarod, k-s `ukeTesi~ mexsiereba

aRmoaCnda, vidre Tqven. k rom

daZabuliyo da araferi gaexsenebina,

albaT, imdenad gaiuaresebda

janmrTelobas, rom giJad

Seracxavdnen. jerjerobiT,

braldebis mniSvnelovan wyarod

gulwrfeli aRiareba rCeba.

ra saWiroa dapirispireba?

imisTvis xom ara, rom

dapatimrebulia mxolod k da Tqven

ki jer Tavisufali xarT?!

dapirispireba tardeba or pirs

Soris, romelTa Cvenebebi

winaaRmdegobrivia. isini

winaaRmdegobrivi unda iyos: erTi

cixeSia, meore _ Tavisufalia.

romeli maTgania marTali?

gamomZiebelma ukve didi xania icis,

vin aris `marTali~. igi Seecdeba,

zemoqmedeba moaxdinos `uniWo

mowmis~ fsiqikaze.

da, ai, gamomZiebeli svams

ukmayofilo da grZel kiTxvas. erTi

SexedviT, kiTxva konkretulia.

gansakuTrebiT, dasawyisSi, magram

SuaSi _ mowmis sruli damcirebaa.

boloSi? iseTi lakonuri da myaria,

rom mowmes aiZulebs, moikrunCxos

da moiqces ise, rogorc `jobia~.

mowme hgavs xorcis naWers,

romelsac Sewvaven da SeWamen.

Sewvac ki ar aris saWiro _ umad

SeWamen.

davubrundeT dapirispirebas.

gamomZiebeli Tqvens urTierTobebs

arkvevs. magram, vin icis, rogoria

Tqveni da k-s urTierToba amJamad?

aravin. adre megobrebi iyaviT.

adre... k Tavis Cinur saidumloebas

gandobdaT, aRsarebis saTqmelad

modioda. gaqvT Tu ara ufleba,

gamomZiebels intimuri saubrebis

Sinaarsi gaumxiloT? es Tqveni

sindisis gadasawyvetia.

sakuTar sindisTan marTali rom

iyoT, moiTxoveT k-sgan fici, rom

igi ar eweoda xelisuflebis

damxobis da sabWoTa liderebis

mkvlelobis mizniT SeTqmulebis

propagandas, ar eweoda masobrivi

areulobebis organizebas. dae,

daificos, rom mas ar hqonia

ganzraxva, romelsac mere,

sasamarTloze uaryofs, magram ara

gamoZiebis dros.

Tqven, albaT, gaqvT raime

SesakiTxi... mexsiereba xom metad

Wirveuli da wvrilmania.

`gaxsovs? erTxel CemTan, saxlSi,

saabazanoSi SevediT. ratomRac,

onkani gaxseni da didxans werdi

furcelze. ratom? rom ver

gaigonon? rom ar gaigon? maSin, axla

ratom uyvebi maT yvelafers?

amixseni, ratom?!~

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba44 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

mowmed braldebul

k-s meuRles iwveven

man araferi icis da, amitom,

SeiZleba, bevri ram Tqvas.

(aRmosavluri sibrZne)

_ gaiTvaliswineT, rom Tqvenma qmarma

seriozuli danaSauli Caidina.

_ ese igi, unda gaveyaro?

_ ara, ara. Cven ojaxebs ar vangrevT...

arasworad gaigeT...

meuRlis, dedis da dis _ rogorc

mowmis _ Cvenebebis Rirebuleba

saeWvoa. isini miukerZoebelni ver

iqnebian. meuRle-mowmis gamosvla

sasamarTloze iseve ucnauria,

rogorc braldebulis advokatis

dakiTxva mowmis saxiT. am SemTxvevaSi,

advokati ar unda iyos advokati,

xolo meuRle ar unda iyos meuRle.

bevrs xom ar iTxovs

marTlmsajuleba?

kanonis sufTa velze

srulebiT ar xarT valdebuli, oqmSi

Setanamde gamomZiebelTan erTad

ganixiloT Tqveni pasuxi. magram Tu

gsurT, SegiZliaT, gaarkvioT,

romeli varianti awyobs mas

naklebad. mTlianad SeiZleba

daveyrdnoT aRmosavlur andazas:

mousmine cols da gaakeTe piriqiT.

magram esec cotaa. Tqven, mkiTxvelo,

samwuxarod, diletanti xarT.

arsebobs mosazreba, rom mxolod

iuridiuli ganaTleba iZleva

saSualebas, gamomZieblis Canafiqrs

CavwvdeT.

magram ar aris saWiro, zedmetad

davbrmavdeT kanonis sxivebiT. ai,

magaliTad: sisxlis saproceso

kodeqsis komentarebis 172-e gverdze

weria, rom saWiro SemTxvevebSi

dasaSvebia piradi Cxrekis Catareba

sxeulisa da tansacmlis SemowmebiT.

magram, Tu msxverpli Cxrekas

ewinaaRmdegeba, maSin is SeiZleba

Catardes `iZulebiT~; Tumca, amasTan,

raoden gasakviric ar unda iyos,

`ar daiSveba iseTi qmedeba, romelic

laxavs braldebulis Rirsebas~.

rasakvirvelia, veraferi gavige.

aris ki saWiro, rom gavigo?

vTqvaT Tu ara uari

Cvenebis micemaze

aRSfoTebuli viyavi imiT, rom

Cems motyuebas cdilobda;

amitomac, gulwrfelad

vaRiare, rom mZuls isic da

misi saqmec.

(dakiTxvebis Sesaxeb

monaTxrobidan)

Cvenebis micemaze uaris Tqmis

SemTxvevaSi sanqcia umniSvneloa.

magram rodesac am faqts borotad

gamoiyeneben, sasjeli ufro mZimec

SeiZleba aRmoCndes. Sesabamisad,

rodesac uars ambobT Cvenebis

micemaze, gamomZieblis azriT, Tqven

xdebiT `damnaSavis xelSemwyobi~ da

gemuqrebaT, magaliTad, Svidi wliT

Tavisuflebis aRkveTa.

yovelTvis SegiZliaT, uari ganacxa-

doT Cvenebis micemaze, Tuki, garda

sanqciisa, sxva muqarasac mimarTaven.

magram Cvenebis micemaze winaswar

uaris Tqma sisulelea da garkve-

ulad amoraluricaa. arsebiTad, es

kanonis uaryofas niSnavs. kanonis

uarmyofeli kaci ki Tavs kanonis

meSveobiT ver daicavs da, am kuTxiT,

Tavis mtrebTan asocirdeba.

45TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

visaubroT moralur

problemebze

adamianebs or kategoriad vyof:

simpaTiurebad da arasimpaTiurebad.

erTxel mkiTxes:

_ Tu gaigebT, rom simpaTiuri

adamiani _ CamSvebia?

_ rasakvirvelia, ar davujereb.

_ Tu Tavad aRiarebs?

_ maSin, albaT, jaSuSobas Sewyvets.

ar vdavob. sakuTari usafrTxoebis

SesanarCuneblad, nebismieri

sazogadoeba iZulebulia, gauZlos

maT, vinc urcxvad ayuradebs. magram

sircxvilis saerTod dakargvam,

SeiZleba usafrTxoebis dakargvac

gamoiwvios. erT adamians SeuZlia,

daamarcxos mTeli saxelmwifo, Tu

mas aqvs iseTi iaraRi, romelic

saxelmwifos jer ar _ an aRar aqvs.

es iaraRi arc codnaa, arc Zala,

mxolod morali da kultura.

ar vici, ra unda gaakeTos iman, visac

zedmetad eSinia. magram

darwmunebuli var, mkiTxvelo, rom

Tqveni ufleba _ rogorc gsurT, ise

pasuxobdeT dakiTxvaze _ araferma

unda SezRudos: arc axloblebze

zrunvam; arc SiSma; arc survilma,

gaigoT raRac; araferma, garda

sakuTari sindisisa. unda iyoT is,

vinc xarT _ ai, mTavari rCeva.

sxvaTa Soris, amboben, rom rodesac

mandelStami pirvelad miiyvanes

dakiTxvaze, erTaderTi SekiTxva

dasva: `SeiZleba, vTqva simarTle?~

mamuka tyeSelaSvilis naxatebi

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba46 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

sazogadoebaSi, sadac xSirad saubroben JurnalistTa uflebebis

darRvevaze, naklebad aqtualuria Tavad Jurnalistebis mxridan

momxmareblis, anu mkiTxvelis uflebebis xelyofis Tema.

sWirdeba Tu ara qarTul medias eTikuri normebis damkvidreba?

Jurnalistur wreebSi am Temaze diskusia `mediis profesiuli

standartis~ SemuSavebiTa da xelmoweriT dasrulda.

14-15 maiss sastumro `Seraton-metexi palasSi~ evrosabWos

egidiT gaimarTa saerTaSoriso seminari `mediis

TviTregulirebis meqanizmebis Camoyalibeba saqarTveloSi~.

`Tavisuflebis institutisa~ da `demokratiuli inovaciebis

centris~ mier organizebul am seminarze qarTuli mediis

warmomadgenlebma xeli moaweres `mediis profesiul standarts~,

romelic maRalprofesiuli Jurnalistikis damkvidrebasa da

mkiTxvelTa uflebebis dacvas isaxavs miznad. dokumentze

xelmowera ordRiani seminariT ar Semofarglula da es procesi

dResac grZeldeba. mediis warmomadgenlebs, visTvisac

profesiuli standartis damkvidereba da TviTregulirebaze

zrunva meorexarisxovani ar aris, SeuZliaT, SeuerTdnen

dokuments, romelsac qvemoT gTavazobT:

eTikuri Jurnalistika

saerTaSoriso seminaris monawileebi

47TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

preambula

adamianis uflebaa, flobdes droul, zust da

daumaxinjebel informacias.

Jurnalistis movaleobaa, sazogadoebas

miawodos amomwuravi, miukerZoebeli da utyuari

informacia.

sazogadoebis winaSe nakisri valdebulebebis

Sesrulebisas, Jurnalisti movalea, daicvas

profesiuli standartiT dadgenili wesebi.

ZiriTadi debulebebi

informaciis, Tvalsazrisis

da komentaris gamijvna

informaciis miwodebisas faqti, Jurnalistis

Tvalsazrisi da mesame piris komentari

erTmaneTisagan mkafiod unda gaimijnos.

informaciis wyaro

Tu wyaro informaciis miwodebaze mxolod im

pirobiT Tanxmdeba, rom Jurnalisti ar

gaamJRavnebs mis vinaobas, Tavis mxriv,

Jurnalisti valdebulia, daicvas profesiuli

saidumloeba maSinac ki, Tu aseTi pozicia

problemas Seuqmnis mas.

Tu dadasturda, rom wyarom Segnebulad da

boroti ganzraxviT Seiyvana Jurnalisti

SecdomaSi, maSin es piroba SesaZloa, dairRves.

informaciis ama Tu im wyaros SesaZloa, piradi

interesi amoZravebdes, amitomac mniSvnelovania,

Jurnalisti kritikulad moekidos Tavis wyaros.

profesiuli standarti gulisxmobs faqtebis

gadamowmebas sxva damoukidebeli wyaroebis

safuZvelze. Tu informaciis gadamowmeba

SeuZlebelia, misi gavrcelebisas unda gakeTdes

Sesabamisi daTqma.

wyaros dasaxeleba damajereblobas matebs

informacias, Tuki es ar ewinaaRmdegeba

informaciis wyaros dacvis aucileblobas.

pasuxis ufleba da Sesworeba

kritikis obieqts ufleba aqvs, sazogadoebas

amcnos sakuTari mosazreba mocemul sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT.

araswori informacia unda gaswordes, rogorc ki

cnobili gaxdeba gamoqveynebul informaciaSi

arsebuli Secdomis Sesaxeb. Sesworeba unda

moxdes Tanazomadi formiT, raTa mkiTxvelma/

auditoriam iolad SeamCnios igi.

diskriminacia

Jurnalisti mxolod im SemTxvevaSi miuTiTebs

ama Tu im piris eTnikur da rasobriv

kuTvnilebas, politikur da religiur mrwamss,

socialur mdgomareobas, kanis fers Tu

seqsualur orientacias, Tu es informacia

pirdapir kavSirSia saqmis arsTan.

piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba

mediam pativi unda sces adamianis pirad

cxovrebas.

adamianis piradi cxovreba, am piris Tanxmobis

gareSe, mxolod im SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba gaSuqdes

mediis saSualebaSi, Tu es Seesabameba

sazogadoebriv interesebs.

Jurnalisti gansakuTrebuli pasuxismgeblobiT

unda moekidos bavSvebis da im pirebis pirad

cxovrebas, romlebic ver acnobiereben maTi

gancxadebebiT an qmedebebiT gamowveul Sedegs.

Jurnalistma gansakuTrebuli sifrTxile unda

gamoiCinos adamianis janmrTelobis

mdgomareobis miTiTebisas.

Tu es piri aris sazogadoebrivad mniSvnelovani

gadawyvetilebebis mimRebi an aseT gadawyvetile-

bis miRebaze gavlenis moxdena SeuZlia, misi

janmrTelobis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrceleba

sazogadoebriv interesebs Seesabameba.

Jurnalistma yovelTvis unda gaiTvaliswinos

dazaralebulTa da maTi axloblebis interesebi,

roca saqme ubeduri SemTxvevebis an danaSaulis

gaSuqebas exeba: ar daasaxelos dazaralebuli

piris vinaoba, am pirTa ojaxis wevrebisTvis

winaswari Setyobinebis gareSe. Tu es piri ar aris

sazogadoebrivad mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebis

mimRebi an aseT gadawyvetilebis miRebaze

gavlenis moxdena SeuZlia.

mediis profesiuli

standarti

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba48 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

arasrulwlovanebi

informaciam arasrulwlovanis mier Cadenili

marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebis Sesaxeb ar unda

Seaferxos da gaarTulos misi sazogadoebrivi

reabilitacia. aseT SemTxvevebSi ar unda iyos

SesaZlebeli vinaobis identificireba (Tu saqme

recidivs ar exeba).

informaciis mopoveba

Jurnalisti informacias moipovebs Ria

saSualebebiT. faruli saSualebebiT sargebloba

dasaSvebia mxolod maSin, rodesac

sazogadoebisaTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelobis mqone

informaciis mopoveba sxva gzebiT SeuZlebelia.

sasamarTlo procesebi,

kriminaluri ambebi

sasamarTlo procesis gaSuqebisas Jurnalisti

valdebulia, miukerZoeblad, xarisxobrivad

Tanabrad warmoadginos mxareTa poziciebi.

Jurnalistma mkveTrad unda gamijnos eWvi da

damtkicebuli braleuloba.

eWvmitanili piri ar unda gamocxaddes

damnaSaved sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis

kanonier ZalaSi Sesvlamde.

profesiuli standarti moiTxovs im sasamarTlo

procesis Sedegis gamoqveynebas, romlis

mimdinareobis Sesaxeb sainformacio saSualeba

manamde iuwyeboda.

Jurnalistma sqesobrivi danaSaulis msxverplis

Tanxmobis gareSe ar unda moaxdinos misi

identificireba.

piradi gamorCena/angareba

profesiul standartebTan SeuTavsebelia, rom

informaciis gavrcelebis an gauvrceleblobis

sazRaurad Jurnalistma an misi ojaxis wevrma

gareSe pirebisgan miiRos raime sargebeli.

interesTa konfliqti

Jurnalistis profesia SeuTavsebelia aqtiur

politikur moRvaweobasTan, sareklamo Tu

sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis da specialur

samsaxurebSi TanamSromlobasTan, agreTve sxva

saqmianobasTan, romelmac SeiZleba, eWvis qveS

daayenos Jurnalistisa da Jurnalistis

profesiis sandooba.

saavtoro uflebebi

im SemTxvevaSic ki, roca saqme saavtoro

uflebebis dacvas ar exeba da Jurnalisti

sargeblobs ukve gamoqveynebuli/gavrcelebuli

informaciiT, profesiuli standarti moiTxovs

avtoris vinaobis miTiTebas.

reklama

Jurnalisturi informacia da sareklamo masala

mkafiod unda iyos gamijnuli erTmaneTisgan.

sazogadoebrivi azris kvleva

sazogadoebrivi azris kvlevis Sedegebis

gaSuqebisas saWiroa, mieTiTos kvlevis meTodi:

gamokiTxulTa raodenoba, dasmuli SekiTxvis

zusti teqsti, savaraudo cdomileba, kvlevis

Catarebis dro, damkveTi da Semsrulebeli.

fotoilustracia

konkretuli informaciis ilustracia mkveTrad

unda iyos gamijnuli saarqivo, simboluri da

damontaJebuli gamosaxulebebisagan.

daTo paiWaZe, radio `Tavisufleba~

lado menabde, ozurgeTis pres-klubi

nino RaWava, gazeTi `P.S.~Tiniko dvaliSvili, gazeTi `P.S.~, JurnalistTa

damoukidebeli kavSiri

zaza nakaSiZe, gazeTi `lanCxuTi Plus~

manana kartozia, gazeT `dilis gazeTis~ redaqtori

sozar subari, asociacia `Tavisufal

JurnalistTa klubi~

gela gurgeniZe, gazeT `xvalindeli dRis~ redaqtori

zurab maWaraZe, gazeT ~rezonansis~ gaerTianebuli

redaqciis mTavari redaqtori

ia boboxiZe, gazeT `axali gazeTis~ mTavari redaqtori,

Tavisufal JurnalistTa asociacia `meoTxe~

maia mecxvariSvili, `axali gazeTis~ redaqtori,

Tavisufal JurnalistTa asociacia `meoTxe~

giorgi kevliSvili, sagarejos telekompania

`Tvalis~ direqtori

badri nanetaSvili, teleradiokompania `TrialeTi~

nodar ladaria, gazeTi `24 saaTi~, samauwyeblo

kompania `rusTavi 2~

zaza gaCeCilaZe, gazeTis `The Messenger~ gamomcemeli

zaza Sengelia, saqarTvelos teleradiomauweblobis

Tavmjdomare

qeTi xatiaSvili, gazeTi `alia~

Tamar kinwuraSvili, Jurnali `Tavisufleba~

ia mamalaZe, sagamomcemlo saxli `guria News~,

guriis damoukidebel JurnalistTa asociacia

vaxtang komaxiZe, gadacema `60 wuTi~

giorgi TargamaZe, telekompania `imedi~

aleko cqitiSvili, gazeTi `axali versia~

daviT zilfimiani, samauwyeblo kompania I stereo~

49TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

6 maiss, Teatraluri sardafi

`Tavisuflebis institutis~

gamocemaTa prezentacias

maspinZlobda. prezentaciaze

warmodgenili iyo nugzar

papuaSvilis wigni `msoflio

religiebi saqarTveloSi~,

krebuli `Jurnalisturi eTika

da TviTregulirebis

meqanizmebi~, institutis

yovelTviuri biuleteni

`Tavisufleba~ da sxva

gamocemebi.

`Tavisufleba"...

sardafSi

institutis

sagamomcemlo

saqmianoba, Tavisi

SinaarsiT,

saganmanaTleblo

xasiaTisaa.

mTavari mizani _

saqarTvelos

mosaxleobis

informireba misi

kanonieri

uflebebis

Sesaxeb. msoflios

yvela

civilizebuli da

warmatebuli

qveyana imdenadaa

civilizebuli da

TavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisuflebaTavisufleba50 1111177777/0/0/0/0/055555/////20032003200320032003

warmatebuli, ramdenadac am qveynis TiToeul

moqalaqes aqvs gacnobierebuli sakuTari

uflebebi da ramdenadac axdens maT

realizacias. codna ar niSnavs daculobis

garantias, magram garantirebuli daculoba

codnis gareSe ar arsebobs.

swored amitom, sagamomcemlo-

saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba `Tavisuflebis

institutis~, rogorc uflebadacviTi

organizaciis, erT-erT umTavres prioritets

warmoadgens.

gvanca lipartelianis

fotoreportaJi

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Tavisuflebis

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yvela ufleba daculiayvela ufleba daculiayvela ufleba daculiayvela ufleba daculiayvela ufleba daculia

Tbilisi 380008

griboedovis 23

tel.: 93 66 15

faqsi: 93 67 84

el-fosta: liberty@liberty.ge

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levan ramiSvililevan ramiSvililevan ramiSvililevan ramiSvililevan ramiSvili

Tamar kinwuraSviliTamar kinwuraSviliTamar kinwuraSviliTamar kinwuraSviliTamar kinwuraSvili

maia oqruaSvilimaia oqruaSvilimaia oqruaSvilimaia oqruaSvilimaia oqruaSvili

sozar subsozar subsozar subsozar subsozar subararararariiiii

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manana arabulismanana arabulismanana arabulismanana arabulismanana arabulis

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`XX saukunis venera~`XX saukunis venera~`XX saukunis venera~`XX saukunis venera~`XX saukunis venera~

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