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Tension Between England and the ColoniesEssential Question:
What caused the relationship between Britain and the Colonies to deteriorate?
British government Limited monarchy
King George III Parliament
Law-making body Similar to U.S. Congress
Law-making body Similar to U.S. Congress
Early acts of Parliament Proclamation of 1763
Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Purpose = reserve land for Native Americans
Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Purpose = reserve land for Native Americans
Quartering Act (1765) Required colonists to provide housing and supplies for British soldiers
Quartering Act (1765) Required colonists to provide housing and supplies for British soldiers
Stamp Act (1765) Motivated by England’s war debt
Prime Minister George
Grenville
Stamp Act (1765) Motivated by England’s war debt
Required colonists to pay a tax on most paper including newsprint and legal documents
Rallying cry against it: “No taxation without representation!”
Required colonists to pay a tax on most paper including newsprint and legal documents
Rallying cry against it: “No taxation without representation!”
Colonists’ reactions Boycott
A refusal to buy or participate
Boycott A refusal to buy or participate American colonists organized boycotts on British goods Forced Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act
American colonists organized boycotts on British goods Forced Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act
Petition A formal request made to the government Colonists petitioned the government to try to get acts of Parliament repealed
A formal request made to the government
Colonists petitioned the government to try to get acts of Parliament repealed
Sons of Liberty Secret societies Samuel Adams
One of the leaders
Samuel Adams One of the leaders
Boston Massacre (1770) Clash between British soldiers and colonists
5 colonists were killed
Clash between British soldiers and colonists
5 colonists were killed Crispus Attucks
Former slave Considered the 1st martyr of the Revolution
Considered the 1st martyr of the Revolution
Paul Revere’s exaggerated engraving Fueled pro-revolutionary feelings
Example of propaganda Definition: the organized spreading of ideas to influence public opinion
Example of propaganda Definition: the organized spreading of ideas to influence public opinion
Soldiers were put on trial for murder John Adams served as their attorney
All found not guilty except two who were given light sentences
John Adams served as their attorney
All found not guilty except two who were given light sentences
Clash over tea Tea Act (1773)
Gave Britain complete control over American tea trade
Placed a small tax on tea
Gave Britain complete control over American tea trade
Placed a small tax on tea Boston Tea Party
Done to protest the Tea Act (1773) Colonists destroyed over 300 chests of British tea in Boston Harbor
Boston Tea Party Done to protest the Tea Act (1773)
Colonists destroyed over 300 chests of British tea in Boston Harbor
Intolerable Acts Parliament’s reaction to the Boston Tea Party
Severely restricted the rights of all colonists in Massachusetts United the colonies against the British
Severely restricted the rights of all colonists in Massachusetts United the colonies against the British
First Continental Congress Meeting of delegates (representatives) from all the colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia
First Continental Congress Meeting of delegates (representatives) from all the colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia
Agreed to: Petition the King
Petition the King Boycott all British goods until the Intolerable Acts were repealed
Begin training soldiers Minutemen
Term for the colonial militia Non-professional
army made up of ordinary citizens
Name referred to the idea that they were ready to fight at a minute’s notice
Parliament passes the Tea Act
Colonists stage the Boston Tea Party
Parliament passes the Intolerable Acts
Colonists hold the First Continental Congress
Non-professional army made up of ordinary citizens
Name referred to the idea that they were ready to fight at a minute’s notice
Lexington and Concord (April 1775) British troops from Boston marched toward Concord to seize colonial military supplies and capture leaders Minutemen were warned by riders like Paul Revere
Gage
British troops from Boston marched toward Concord to seize colonial military supplies and capture leaders Minutemen were warned by riders like Paul Revere
Lexington Small battle on Lexington Green
1st battle of the Revolutionary War
Small battle on Lexington Green 1st battle of the Revolutionary War “Shot heard ‘round the world”
Small force of Minutemen Easily won by the British
Small force of Minutemen Easily won by the British
Concord Important victory for Minutemen at Concord Bridge
Concord Important victory for Minutemen at Concord Bridge
British soldiers struggled to return the 20 miles to Boston Harassed by Minutemen along the road
British soldiers struggled to return the 20 miles to Boston
British soldiers struggled to return the 20 miles to Boston Harassed by Minutemen along the road
Choosing sides Patriots
Colonists who supported American independence
Patriots Colonists who supported American independence
Loyalists Colonists who remained loyal to Britain Also called Tories
Many colonists remained neutral
Shelburne, Nova Scotia
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