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Topic: Characteristics of Living Things
Introduction to Life Science
What are the characteristics of living things?
BIOLOGY=__________________= ________________Study of living things
Bacteria
The science of “LIFE”
It’s Alive!
Characteristics of Life?
• Look around the room. There are many living and non-living things, such as lights and books. There are many living things such as people.
• What makes people and plants different from lights and books?
1.______________________________
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
4. _____________________________
5.______________________________
6. ______________________________
7. ______________________________
8. ______________________________
Characteristics of ALL LIVING THINGS
Organization= Made of specialized cells.Grow and
develop
Maintain a stable internal environment
Reproduce
Obtain and use materials & energy
Respond to their environment
LIVING THINGS ARE:
The _____ is the ______________.basic unit of life
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/study_guides_bi.htm
CELL
...Are Composed of Cells• Cells are the basic components of all living
things. Some organisms are single celled, like bacteria, or multi-celled, like humans.
This is a single-celled organism called an amoeba.
1. Organization-have _______________ of cells with _____________________. Ex: one-celled and single celled
Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg
DIFFERENT KINDS
DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
LIVING THINGS
____________organisms are _____________made of only 1 cell
Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF
(Ex: _________)
UNICELLULAR
bacteria
LIVING THINGS
_________________ organisms_______ as _________ but as adults are
_________________________
Ex: (___________ __________ )
MADE OF MANY CELLS
Images from: http://www.angelbabygifts.com/http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif
MULTICELLULARBEGIN ONE CELL
a human a tree
The ________________ EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS into different looking ADULT cells doing different jobs =
__________________________DIFFERENTIATION
Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg
PROCESS OF CHANGING
In _____________ organisms, like a bacterium, growth is mostly a simple ________________.
Image by Riedell
ALL LIVING THINGS 2. Grow & develop
INCREASE in SIZE
SINGLE CELLED
Multicellular organisms grow bigger by __________________ AND _____________________.
increasing cell sizeincreasing cell number
Image from: http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/life/images/grow.JPG
Image by Riedell
ALL LIVING THINGS 2. Grow & develop
_________________________
what makes them ___________ is_______________ are
_______________________See end of show for image sources
All cells have the SAME DNA...
WHICH GENESTURNED ON or OFF
different
ALL LIVING THINGS3. Reproduce
• Living things make more of their own kind.
ALL LIVING THINGS3. Reproduce
_____________________________________the___________________ from _____________________________
Seen in animals and plants
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Family image from: http://babyhearing.org/Parenet2Parent/index.asp
combines
sperm + egg = baby
genetic material
2 parents
_________________________makes a new organismusing the ________________from _________________
Seen in bacteria, plants, and some animals
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Planaria animation: http://www.t3.rim.or.jp/~hylas/planaria/title.htm
ALL LIVING THINGS3. Reproduce
genetic materialONLY 1 PARENT
ALL LIVING THINGS4. Take in Materials & Use
EnergyTo________________,organisms _______ a constant supply of
____________________ &
_________They get it through eating (Food).
This sheep uses the MOLECULES and ENERGYin the food it eats to make “more sheep”
grow and developneed
BUILDING MATERIALS
ENERGY!
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/sheep/ansc442/Semprojs/2003/spiderlamb/eatsheep.gif
ALL LIVING THINGS4. Take in Materials & Use Energy
___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to ________________
Ex: _____________ use ____________to turn _________ into _________
AUTOTROPHS
http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif
Image from: http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html
make their own food
GREEN PLANTS
sunlightphotosynthesis
glucose
ALL LIVING THINGS4. Take in Materials & Use
Energy
______________ get their energy by___________________
Ex: ________ (including you) and _________________
HETEROTROPHS
Image from: http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif
consuming other organisms
Animalsmost bacteria
ALL LIVING THINGS5. Respond to their
environment
A signal to which an organism responds= ___________________
STIMULUS
Image from: http://www.travel-net.com/~andrews/images/animations/traffic.gif
ALL LIVING THINGS5. Respond to their
environment
A stimulus can be_________________
Ex: When there is enough water and ground is warm enough, seed germinates. Roots respond to gravity & grow downward.Leaves respond to sunlight & grow up.
EXTERNAL
Image from: http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/images/stimresp.jpg
http://www.nofretete-page.de/gemischtNeu/TN_plant_grow_w.JPG
ALL LIVING THINGS5. Respond to their
environment
A stimulus can be____________
Ex: When the glucose level in your bloodstream becomes low, your body responds by making you feel hungry.
http://www.israellycool.com/eat%20guy%20AFP.jpg
http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html
INTERNAL
ALL LIVING THINGS6. Homeostasis
Keep conditions inside the cell constant = ______________________
IF temperature, water content, nutrients, acidity change too much
. . . the cell will die.
HOMEOSTASIS
6. HOMEOSTASIS involvesinternal __________ mechanisms
If body temp drops too low,“shivering” produces heat to warm you up.
http://www.dreamstime.com/thumb_4/1099235658Q3A4x8.jpg http://www.clipartheaven.com/clipart/seasons_&_weather/overheating_2.gif
If temp is too hot, “sweating” cools you down.
FEEDBACK
6. HOMEOSTASIS
Drinking a BIG GULPincreases the
amountof water in your
body
http://pluck.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/restroom_blog.gif
Your next stop gets rid of the excess water.(OSMOREGULATION)
http://www.me-go.net/rtw/images/biggulp.jpg
Metabolism & Energy Use
1.______________________________
2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
4. _____________________________
5.______________________________
6. ______________________________
7. ______________________________
8. ______________________________
Characteristics of ALL LIVING THINGS
Organization= Made of cells.Grow and
develop
Maintain a stable internal environment
Reproduce
Obtain and use materials & energy
Respond to their environment
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-Living?
NON-LIVING!
Vocab wordthe combination of all the _________________ through which an organism ________ or ___________ materials as it carries out its life processes
= ___________________metabolism
chemical reactionsbuilds up
breaks down
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-living
• In order for an organism to be considered living. It must contain all of the characteristics of a living thing.
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Living or Non-Living?
LIVING!
Bacteria
ALL LIVING THINGSas a group, change over
time = ______________
Allows _______ of ________ in a ___________
EVOLUTION
survivalspecies
changing world
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=63386&rendTypeId=4
http://brookings.k12.sd.us/biology/intro.htm#WORKSHEETS/HANDOUTS
It’s like having a whole library full of books, but reading only the books that are important to you.
http://www.adc.state.az.us/programs/offlibsvs.html
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/report2.html
All living things share a universal genetic code
Hereditary material = DNA______________________
________________ with instructions for one _________is called a ________.
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
GENEImage from: http://sbchem.sunysb.edu/msl/dna.gif
Segment of DNAPROTEIN
