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The Twelve Great Olympians • Greek mythology: 12 Olympian gods and goddesses.
• Most “lived” on Mount Olympus.
• Roman mythology had the same gods and goddesses (different names).
• The Greeks believed their gods and goddesses liked humans AND were like humans.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Zeus – Ruler of all gods and man.
• Defeated his father Cronus & drew lots with his 3 brothers for their shares of the universe.
• Chosen as supreme ruler.
• Controls the lightning bolt
• Stronger than all other gods combined.
The Twelve Great Olympians • Hera – Zeus’ wife and sister
• Queen of the gods.
• Special protector of marriage & married women.
• • Zeus wasn’t a good husband
to her.
• An angry goddess who never forgot or forgave an insult to herself.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Poseidon – God of the seas.
• Zeus’ brother.
• Very important because Greeks relied on his kindness for their paychecks.
• In artwork, he always carries the Trident – a three-‐pronged spear.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Hades – God of the land of the dead
• Unwanted and unwelcome at Olympus.
• Has no pity (sWll not considered an evil god).
• Had a helmet that made the wearer appear invisible.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Hes-a – Goddess of the Hearth and domesWc life.
• Usually pictured with a tea keXle
• Zeus’ sister
• One of the 3 virgin goddesses.
The Twelve Great Olympians
(The rest of the 12 Great Olympians are grandchildren of Cronus – mostly fathered by Zeus.)
• Athena – The goddess of wisdom (and war).
• Zeus’ favorite. (Athena sprang fully-‐grown and dressed in armor from Zeus’ forehead.)
• Has a helmet, shield & owl.
• The second virgin goddess.
• OYen called the Maiden.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Apollo – A beauWful god and a master musician.
• Entertains the gods by playing on his golden lyre.
• He is god of archery, prophecy, and music.
• He is someWmes called god of the sun, but the actual Sun-‐god is Helios.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Artemis – The last of the virgin goddesses
• Apollo’s twin
• The goddess of the moon & the hunt.
• She is known for having two faces: good and evil.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Aphrodite – Goddess of love and beauty
• Has a magical girdle
• Born from the sea • Zeus made her marry the ugliest (and steadiest) of the gods, Hephaestus.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Hermes – The god of speed
• The messenger of the gods
• OYen pictured with winged sandals, a winged hat, and a magic wand.
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Ares – Greek god of war
• Ruthless
• Both Zeus and Hera (his parents) hated him.
• Not important in Greek mythology (usually just a symbol of war).
The Twelve Great Olympians
• Hephaestus – god of fire
• Popular on earth and on Olympus.
• Born so lame and ugly that his mom threw him off Mt. Olympus.
• Hephaestus forged the gods’ armor and built their houses
Hera
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