1|P a g e

THEYANGGUANZHAIARCHAEOLOGICALPROJECT,CHINA

CourseID:ARCHXL159June18-July15,2017

ProjectDirectors:Prof.LotharvonFalkenhausen,UCLA(InstructorofRecord)Dr.ZhouyongSun,ShaanxiProvincialInstituteofArchaeology,China(sunzhouyong2005@yahoo.cn)Dr.BrettKaufman,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing(bkaufman@ucla.edu)Ms.ElizabethBerger,PhDcandidate,UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill(eberger@live.unc.edu)Mr.YangLiping,ShaanxiProvincialInstituteofArchaeology,China(ylp-arch@163.com)ProjectAdvisor:Dr.YeWa,UCLA(yedawa@gmail.com)

INTRODUCTION

TheprehistoricvillageofYangguanzahi(YGZ)datestotheMiddletoLateYangshaoperiod(3200-3,000BCE).Itisoneofthelargestsettlementsofitskind.ThesiteislocatedintheJingRiverValley,approximately25kilometersnorthoftheancientcityofXi’aninnorthwestChina.Since2004,inpreparationforamajorconstructionproject,theShaanxiProvincialInstituteofArchaeologybegantoconductlarge-scaleexcavationsandexploratorysurveys–bymeansoftesttrenchesandauguringwiththeLuoyangspade–invariouspartsofthesite.Morethan18,000squaremetershavebeenexcavatedtodate.Theseactivitiesrevealedamoat,arowofcavedwellings,subterraneanhouses,childurn-burialsintheresidentialareas,andextensivepotterykilns.ThequantityandqualityoffindswereimpressiveenoughfortheChineseauthoritiestohaltcommercialdevelopmentanddeclaretheareaaprotectedarchaeologicalsite.In2010,aspartoftheongoingexcavation,ajointUCLA/ShaanxiProvincialArchaeologicalAcademy/XibeiUniversityprojectbegantooperateatthesite.Thisprojectisshiftingthe

2|P a g e

focusfromthelarge-scaleexposureofarchitecturetoamorecarefulandsystematicanalysisoflocalstratigraphyandastrongeremphasisonanthropologicalinterpretations.Themostrecent(2016)discoveryisasettlementzoneandactivityplatform,possiblyforfetchingwater,nexttothereservoir.

Initsinitialfiveseasons(2010-2014),theYGZprojectexcavatedthenortheasternportionnearthemoat,exposingmultiplelayersofdomesticarchitecture.LiketheotherexcavatedsectionsoftheYGZsite,noclearpatternofplanningorcoherentarrangementofhabitationspacesisevident,ascomparetoother,knownNeolithicvillagesintheregion.Manyfeatureswerefoundeitheradjacentoratveryshortdistancefromthemoat.In2016,thefieldprojectexcavatedseveralhousefoundationsandhearths,aswellasapotentialpotterykilnsandachildurnburial,adjacenttoalargeartificialreservoirinthesouthcentralpartofthesite.

AlthoughfullunderstandingofYGZstilleludesus,aclearerpicturehasbeguntoemerge.BasedonresearchintotheformationprocessesofthemoatandoneoftherefusepitsexcavatedbytheIFRfieldschool,preliminarysiteformationmodelshavebeenformulated.Resultsfromtheanalysisofmicromorphologicalsamplessuggeststhatthefunctionofthemoathaschangedfrom“potentiallydefensiveorsymbolicinnature”(M.Fox2016)toagarbagedumpingplace.Bothenvironmental(mostlybywater)andanthropogenicactionswereresponsibleforsuchchange,however,reasonsbehindthechangesinhumanbehaviorthroughouttheoccupationhistoryofthesitearestillunclear.

Thetestingresultsandnewlyavailable14Cdatesindicatetheexistenceofalong-lastingfarmingcommunityatYGZ.Thecommunitysubsistedonmilletcultivation,husbandryofpigs,wildanimalhunting,fishing,andwildplantgathering.YGZpeoplealsoinvestedheavilyinceramicmanufactures,demonstratednotonlybytheenormousamountofpotterysherdsdiscoveredatthesite,buttheremainingkilnsfoundinallsevenexcavatedsectorsatYGZ.UnlikeearlierNeolithicvillageswhereceramicmanufacturingwasseparatedfromthevillageinadjacentlocations,theceramickilnsfoundinYGZarenexttoorbuiltwithinresidentialareas.Importedceramicssuchaswhitepasterings,eitherplainorpaintedwithredcoloredpatterns,atteststothefactthatlongdistancecontactswithotherregionswascommonplace.

Inthecoming2017season,theprojectwillcontinueworkinginthesouthcentralportionofthesitenearthereservoir.WemayalsohavethechancetoundertakeabriefsystematicsurveyofapreviouslyunexploredpartofthesiteorpossiblyofthenearbysiteHuiduipo,andwillalsofocusonpost-excavationtechniquessuchasflotationandpotentiallyosteologicalanalysis.Ourgoalsforthe2017seasonareto:1)clarifythenatureoftheactivitysurfacenexttothereservoir,whichwillalsoclarifythenatureandfunctionofthereservoir;2)gathersystematicsurveydataonanareaofthesitethatisnotobscuredbymodernconstructiontoidentifyfutureareasforexcavation.

TheYGZprojectprovidesnotonlytraininginfieldexcavation,butalsoafullexposuretoChinesearchaeologythroughlecturesandvisitstomuseumsandarchaeologicalsitesofvariousperiods.Inaddition,itprovidesopportunitiesforstudentstointeractonadailybasiswithChinesestudentsandtoworkcloselywithhighlyexperiencedChinesearchaeologists.

ACADEMICCREDITUNITS&TRANSCRIPTS

CreditUnits:Attendingstudentswillbeawarded12quartercreditunits(equivalentto8semesterunits)throughouracademicpartner,UCLAExtension.UCLAisatoprankedresearchuniversityanditsarchaeologyprogramisrankedamongstthebestinthecountry.AllIFRfieldschoolsinstructorsandcurriculaareapprovedbothbythecorrespondingacademicdepartmentandtheAcademicSenateatUCLA.Thisfieldschoolprovidesaminimumof192directinstructionalhours.

Transcripts:TranscriptsareavailablethroughUCLAUnEXandinstructionsfororderingtranscripts

3|P a g e

maybefoundathttp://bit.ly/2bD0Z3E.Gradeswillbepostedandtranscriptavailableusuallywithinsixweeksaftertheendofthisfieldschool.AllIFRfieldschoolsaredesignatedXLclasses–coursesthatareequivalenttoundergraduatecoursesofferedbytheUCLAregularsession.AllXLcoursesaretransferableforunitandsubjectcredittowardtheBachelor'sDegreeatallcampusesoftheUCandCSUsystems.Classesnumbered100to199areconsideredupperdivision(junior/senior).Formoreinformation,gotohttp://bit.ly/2bjAqmy.

UCLAstudents:StudentscantakeclassesthroughUCLAExtensiontocompleterequirements.Howevercertainconsiderationsmustbetakenintoaccount.Formoreinformation,gotohttp://bit.ly/2bJWeHK.

CreditUnitsTransfer:MostuniversitiesacceptUCLAcreditunits–thereareveryfewexceptions.StudentsarestronglyencouragedtodiscussthetransferabilityofthecreditunitswithschoolofficialsBEFOREattendingthefieldschool.

ARTIFACTIDENTIFICATION

StudentswilllearnthebasicartifacttypesfoundattheYGZsite.Theseincludepotterysherds,lithics,andceramictools.Studentswillalsolearntoexcavateandidentifyhumanandanimalbones.Studentwilllearnhowarchaeologistsuseartifactstoreconstructthelayoutofanancientsite,inordertolearnaboutactivitiesandwaysoflifeinantiquity.

SOILSANDSTRATIGRAPHY

Anarchaeologicalsitecannotbeinterpretedwithoutanunderstandingofhowthelayersofsoilatthesitebecamedepositedovertime,bothbynaturalandhumanprocesses.Studentswilllearnhowarchaeologistsidentifydifferentsoiltypesandthenusethisinformationtohelpreconstructachronologyofthearchaeologicalstrata,aswellastoclarifytherelationshipsbetweendifferentpartsofthesiteandexcavatedartifacts.

ASSEMBLAGEANALYSIS

Oncetheexcavationofasitehasbegun,archaeologistsmusthaveaclearunderstandingofthespatialrelationshipsofvariouspartsofthesite.Verticalandhorizontalstratigraphyprovidecriticalcontextsforunderstandingthefunctionanduseofartifacts,aswellasdeterminingtheoccupationhistoryofthesiteincludinghowitsmajorandminorfeaturesrelatetoeachother.Studentswillgainanunderstandingofthisinterpretiveprocessastheexcavationproceeds.Theywilltherebylearnhowspatialanalysiscreatesaframeworkforexcavationplanningandpost-excavationanalyses.

SURVEYTECHNIQUES

StudentswillbeintroducedtoasurveytechniquethatisuniquetoChinesearchaeology:theLuoyangspade.StudentswillworktogetherwithYGZfieldtechniciansandlearnhowtoidentifysoilsamplesfromnaturalandculturaldeposits.

FLOTATION

Archaeologicalflotationinvolvesusingwatertoprocesssoilorarchaeologicalmatrixtorecovertinyartifacts.AttheYGZsite,studentswillusesimpletechniquesinflotationtoextractplantseedsforlateranalysis.

ThisfieldschoolisacollaborationbetweentheInstituteforFieldResearch,UCLA,theShaanxiArchaeologicalAcademyandXibeiUniversityinXi’an,China.ThecoursewillbeginonJune18andwillmeetdailyuntilJuly15.StudentswillbeabletodepartforonwardtravelorreturnhomeonJuly15.

4|P a g e

StudentswillspendthefirstweekinXi’anforfourdaysoflecturesandinstructionalmuseumtours.TheclassroomlectureswillfocusonquestionsofarchaeologicalmethodandtheoryontheonehandandtheparticularitiesofChinesearchaeologyontheotherhand.ThestudentswillbeintroducedtosomeofthemostimportantarchaeologicalfindsintheWeiRiverValley,aswellastovariousanthropologicalthemesrelatedtotheYangshaocultureandtheYangguanzhaisite.ImportanttopicscoveredintheclassincludethehistoryofChinesearchaeology,theoriginsofagricultureandanimaldomestication,sedentaryvillages,ritual,andcraftspecialization.

Followingthisinitialweekofpreliminaryinstruction,threeweekswillbespentinthefieldperformingsurvey,excavation,andlabworkattheYangguanzhaiStationneartheYangguanzhaisite.

DISCLAIMER–PLEASEREADCAREFULLY

Archaeologicalworkinvolvesphysicalworkintheoutdoors.Youshouldbeawarethatconditionsinthefieldaredifferentthanthoseyouexperienceinyourhomeorcollegetown.Thisprogramoperatesduringthesummer.Duringtheday,temperaturesintheshademayreach900Fandhumidityishigh.Ourexcavationunitswillbecoveredbytarpsbutwearestillworkingintheoutdoors.Goodshoesandworkclothesaremandatory.Appropriateattireincludeslooseclothingthatprotectsskin,close-toedshoes,andnodanglingjewelry.SunglasseswithUVprotectionarerecommended.Mosquitorepellentandsunblocklotionarealsoneeded.

Ifyouhavemedicalconcerns,pleasediscussthemwithyourdoctor.Allotherconcernsmaybediscussedwithprojectdirectors–asappropriate.

GRADINGMATRIX

Gradingwillbebasedontwodifferentcomponents:FieldworkandPowerPointpresentations.Thefollowingisthegradebreakdown:

Fieldwork(60%):Studentsarerequiredtoparticipateinexcavationactivitiesatthesiteeveryworkingdayandtokeepfieldrecords,whichwillbecheckedregularly

Onepresentation,inoralandwrittenformat(2x20%):StudentsarerequiredtoprepareaPowerPointpresentationthatusesmaterialsfromlectures,readingsandfieldwork.Studentswillworkinteamontheirpresentation(each2-to-3-personteamcomprisesstudentsfromChinaandtheUnitedStates).Thepresentationwillbegivenorallyandalsowillbesubmittedinawrittenformat.Gradeswillbeassignedforeachteammemberbasedonthegradeassignedtotheteamandindividualperformance.

PREREQUISITES

Therearenoprerequisitesforparticipation.Thiscoursewillfocusonhands-on,experientiallearning.Studentswillstudyonsitehowtoconductarchaeologicalresearch.Excavationinvolvesphysicalworkandexposuretotheelementsaswellasacertainamountofimprovisation,anditrequiresawillingnesstoadapttonewsituationsandanabilitytoreacttounforeseendevelopmentsinacreativeandflexiblemanner.Anarchaeologicalfieldschoollikeoursisthereforeratherdifferentfromthetypicaluniversitylearningexperience.Furthermore,excavationsareateameffortrequiringcooperationandwillingnesstodiscussandcompromise.

Youwillencounterunfamiliarsituationsandpeoplewhothinkverydifferentlyfromyourself,whichcanbeachallengebutalsoagreatadventure.Youwillgetsweatyandtiredandhavetoworkoutdoors,sopleasebesurethatyouarephysicallyabletodoso.

5|P a g e

Studentsarerequiredtocomeequippedwithsufficientexcitementandadequateunderstandingthatthearchaeologicalendeavorrequiresreal,oftenhardwork–inthesun,onyourfeetandwithyourtrowel.

ACCOMMODATIONS

Duringthefirstweekofthefieldschool,studentswillliveinastudentdormitoryatXibeiUniversityinthecityofXi’an.Whileinthefield,studentswillresideattheWufulinmenHotelnearthesite.

FoodisprovidedMondaytoSaturday(breakfast,lunch,anddinner).StudentsareresponsiblefortheirownmealsonSundays.Allmealswillbecommunaleventsandwillprovideplentyofnutritiousbutbasicfoodinthetraditionoflocalcuisine.ThedailydietinnorthChinaisheavilybasedonrice,noodles,andvegetables.Specializeddiets(vegan,kosher,etc.)aredifficulttomaintaininthislocation.Vegetariansmayfindoptionsfairlylimited,andshouldbepreparedtobeflexiblewheneatingthelocalfood,orshouldbringsupplementalfood(e.g.proteinbars)iftheythinkitwillbenecessary.

TRAVEL&MEETINGPOINT

StudentswillbemetattheXi’anairportortrainstation,ormaytravelthemselvesdirectlytotheCuiyuanHotel,locatedonthecampusofXibeiUniversity(cityofX’ian)onJune18.StudentsmaytraveltoX’ianbytrainormayflyintotheXi’an-Xianyanginternationalairport(XIY).PleasenotethattrainticketsoftenselloutinsummerandshouldbepurchasedwellinadvancethroughawebsitesuchasEnglish.Ctrip.comorthroughalocaltravelagent.FromBeijingtoXi’an,highspeedtrainsleaveevery1to2hoursthroughouttheday.Ifyouareunabletopurchasetheticketyoudesire,youcanalwaystakeaslowertrain.TherearealsomanydomesticflightstoXi’anfromotherpointsofentryintoChinasuchasHongKong,Shanghai,andBeijing,andsomeinternationalflightsgodirectlytoXi’an.

TheprogramcoordinatorswillmeetthestudentsattheairportonJune18onetimebetween11AMand2PM;andattheNorthTrainStationbetween2:15PMand4PM.ThosewhomissthemeetingtimecantakethepublictransportationorataxitotheCuiyuanHotel(themeetingtimeissubjecttochangeonceweknowstudents’travelschedules).

TheaddressoftheCuiyuanHotelis:No.229TaibaiBeilu,NorthwestUniversity,Xi'an(西北大学翠园宾馆，太白北路 229号)

Fromtheairport,taketheshuttlebustoNanshaomen(7天酒店西安小雁塔南稍门机场大巴店,25RMB),thentakeataxitotheCuiyuanHotel,(翠园宾馆,14to16RMB),oryoucantakeataxiattheairportdirectlytothehotel(106-116RMB).

FromXi’anNorthStation(highspeedrailwaystation):takeSubwayLine2,toYongningmen(永宁门),takeExitC,walkabout170meters,totheNanmenstopofBus701;thefourthstopisXi’nanChengjiao(西南城角),getoff,crossthestreet(pleasetakethecrosswalk!!),andyouwillarriveatthenorthgateofXibeiUniversity(Xi’beiDaxue).PassthroughthenorthgateandwalkstraightsouthoncampustotheCuiyuanHotel(about10min).

FromXi’anWestStation(stationfornon-highspeedtrains):walk400meterstotheWeststationstopofBus900orBus21,thefifthstopistheXibeiDaxuestop.Getoff,walktothewestgateofthecampus.Passthroughthewestgate,walkeastoncampustotheCuiyuanHotel(about10min).

VISAAPPLICATION

Non-ChineseparticipantsarerequiredtosecureatouristvisatoChinapriortoarrival.Youcandownloadyourvisaapplicationhere:http://losangeles.chinaconsulate.org/eng/visa/forms/P020110615059220818410.pdf

6|P a g e

AllstudentsshouldapplyforaTouristvisa(Lvisa)for60days,unlessyouplantostayinChinalonger.OnSection2oftheform,pleasefillinthefieldsusingthefollowingoptions:

2.1: mark:Tourism

2.2: mark:Oneentryvalidfor3months,unlessyouwanttocomebacktoChinamultipletimesthisyear.

2.4: writedownthedaysyouplantostayinChina:atleast40days--ourprogramis36days.

2.5: 1.No.229TaibaiBeilu,CuiyuanHotel,NorthwestUniversity,Xi'an,ShaanxiProvince,tel:029-8841-5914

2.WufulinmenHotel,WeiyangRoad,JinweiIndustrialPark,Xi'an,ShaanxiProvince,tel:137-7207-0955

2.6 myself

2.8 InternationalExchangeProgram,NorthwestUniversity,No.229Taibaibeilu,Xi'an,Shaanxi

2.9 Pleasemarkthefollowingindividuals:

§ LiChang'an,InternationalExchangeProgram,NorthwestU.No.229Taibaibeilu,Xi'an,Shaanxi,133-1918-0992

§ SunZhouyong,ShaanxiProvincialInstituteofArchaeology,No.33Leyoulu,Xi'an,Shaanxi,135-7289-6679

§ YeWa,ShaanxiProvincialInstituteofArchaeology,No.33Leyoulu,Xi'an,Shaanxi,187-1730-6309

EQUIPMENTLIST

• Passport• EntryvisatoChina• Close-toedshoes• Sunscreen• Mosquitorepellent• Widebrimhat

• Sunglasses• PowderedGatorade• Immodium• Medicationsorprescriptionsthatyouneed• Preferredfemininehygieneproducts• Afewpairsofworkpantsandshirts

AlertyourcreditcardcompanyandATMbankthatyouwillbeabroadsotheydon'tthinkyourcardshavebeenstolenandcancelyouraccess

Ifyouwanttouseyourphone,alertyourcarrierthatyouwillbeabroadandaskaboutrates,orplantoobtainalocalSIMcard

ElectricaladapterstotheChineseelectricalsystem(havealookheretoseewhatyouneedforChinaascomparedtowhatyoumayalreadyown:http://www.rei.com/learn/expert-advice/electricity-voltage-by-country.html)

SCHEDULE

AllreadingmaterialswillbeprovidedasPDFfilestostudentsthroughasharedDropboxfolder.

Week1(June19-23)

June18,2017(Sunday)

6:00PM:ParticipantsmeetatCuiyuanHotel,XibeiUniversityfordinnerandprogrambriefing.

June19,2017(Monday)

7|P a g e

Thefirstweekofclassroomlecturesfocusesonthreetopics:thehistoryofChinesearchaeology;abriefreviewofShaanxiarchaeologywithemphasisonWeiRiverNeolithicarchaeologyandtheYGZsite;theoryandmethodofarchaeology.Studentsneedtopayattentiontothekeywordsofeachlecture.

Breakfast 7:00AMStudentdininghall,XibeiUniversityLectureI 8:30AM－10:00AMProfessorLotharvonFalkenhausen(CotsenInstituteofArchaeology,UCLA):BriefHistoryofChineseArchaeologyKeywords：Jinshixuetradition,modernarchaeologyinChina,methodology,researchquestions,recenttopicsinChinesearchaeologyDiscussion:10:00-10:30Break:10:30-10:45LectureII 10:45AM-11:45AMProfessorZhangHongyan(DepartmentofArchaeology,XibeiUniversity):IntroductiontoChinesearchaeologyKeywords：Geographicaloverview,chronology,cultures,features,keysitesinShaanxi(Paleolithic,Neolithic,BronzeAge,QintoTangdynasties)Discussion:11:45AM-12:00PMLunchbreak(12:00-2:30PM)LectureIII 2:30PM-4:30PMProfessorZhangHongyan(DepartmentofArchaeology,XibeiUniversity):NeolithicCulturesoftheWeiRiverValleyKeywords:Laoguantaiculture(8000-7000BP),Yangshaoculture(7000-5000BP),Longshanculture(5000-4000BP)

RequiredReadings

K.C.Chang.(1986).TheArchaeologyofAncientChina(4thedition).NewHavenandLondon:YaleUniversityPress.Chapters2“TheEarlyFarmers,”pp.71-95;Chapter3“RegionalNeolithicDevelopmentsinNorthChina,”pp.107-123.

LiLiuandXingchanChen(2012).TheArchaeologyofChina,fromthelatePaleolithictotheEarlyBronzeAge.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress.Chapter1“Chinesearchaeology:past,present,andFuture,”pp.1-21.

Falkenhausen,Lotharvon(1995).TheRegionalistParadigminChineseArchaeology.In,Nationalism,PoliticsandthePracticeofArchaeology,editedbyP.KohlandC.Fawcett.NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress.Pp.198-216.

SupplementalReadings

An,Cheng-Bang,Zhao-DongFeng,andLoukasBarton(2006).Dryorhumid?Mid-Holocenehumiditychangesinaridandsemi-aridChina.QuaternaryScienceReviews25(3-4):351-361.

HuangChunChang(1989).TheLoessandEnvironmentalChangesofHoloceneintheWeiheRiverBasin.GeographicalResearch8:20-31.

Zhao,Hui,Fa-HuChen,Sheng-HuaLi,AnnG.Wintle,Yu-XinFan,andDun-ShengXia(2007).ARecordofHoloceneClimateChangeintheGuanzhongBasin,China,basedonopticaldatingofaloess-paleosolsequence.Holocene17(7):1015-1022.

8|P a g e

Falkenhausen,Lotharvon(1993).OntheHistoriographicalOrientationofChineseArchaeology.Antiquity67:839-849.

Falkenhausen,Lotharvon(1999).SuBingqi(b.1909).EncyclopediaofArchaeology:TheGreatArchaeologists,editedbyT.Murray.NewYork:Garland.Pp.591-600.

Falkenhausen,Lotharvon(1999).XiaNai(1910-1985).EncyclopediaofArchaeology:TheGreatArchaeologists,editedbyT.Murray.NewYork:Garland.Pp.601-614.

Fitzgerald-Huber,LouisaG.(1999).TheYangshaoCulture:Banpo.TheGoldenAgeofArchaeology:CelebratedDiscoveriesfromthePeople’sRepublicofChina,editedbyYangXiaoneng.Washington:NationalGalleryofArt.Pp.54-77.

June20,2017(Tuesday)

Breakfast 7:00AMStudentdininghall,XibeiUniversityLectureIV 8:30AM－9:30AMArchaeologyMethodandTheory

Keywords:excavation,stratigraphy,survey,experimentalarchaeology

LectureV 10:15AM-11:15AMProfessorWangWeilin(SPIOA):TheYangguanzhaiProject,itsimportantdiscoveries,andtheresearchresultsobtainedsofarKeywords:Miaodigouphase,BanpoIVphase,archaeologicalfeatures,potteryproductionDiscussion:11:15-11:45AM

Lunchbreak(12:00-2:30PM)Tour 2:30-5:00PMProfessorZhangHongyan:LaboratoryandXibeiUniversityMuseumvisitingHandouts:illustrationsofpotteryoftheearly,middle,andlateYangshaoculture

RequiredReadings

Flad,RowanK.,YuanJing,andLiShuicheng(2007).ZooarchaeologicalEvidenceforAnimalDomesticationinNorthwestChina.InLateQuaternaryClimateChangeandHumanAdaptationinAridChina,editedbyDavidB.Madsen,ChenFaHu,etal.Amsterdam:ElsevierPress.Pp.163-199.

WangWeilingetal.(2009).“ShaanxiGaolingYangguanzhaixinshiqishidaiyizhi(TheYangguanzhaiNeolithicSiteatGaolingCounty,ShaanxiProvince),”Kaogu2009:3-9.

ZhangDongju,ChenFahu,RobertL.Bettinger,LoukasBarton,JiDuxue,ChristopherMorgan,WangHui,ChengXiaozhong,DongGuanghui,T.P.Guilderson,andZhaoHui(2010).ArchaeologicalrecordsofDadiwaninthepast60kyaandtheoriginofmilletagriculture.ChineseScienceBulletin55(16):1636-1642.

Zhang,J.,Lu,H.,Wu,N.,Li,F.,Yang,X.,Wang,W.,Ma,M.&Zhang,X.(2010,July).PhytolithevidenceforricecultivationandspreadinMid-LateNeolithicarchaeologicalsitesincentralNorthChina.Boreas,Vol.39,pp.592–602.

9|P a g e

SupplementalReadings

Crawford,GaryW.,AnneP.Underhill,etal.(2005).LateNeolithicPlantRemainsfromNorthernChina:PreliminaryResultsfromLiangchengzhen,Shandong.CurrentAnthropology46(2):2005.

Flad,RowanKimon,ShuichengLi,XiaohongWu,andZhijunZhao(2010).EarlywheatinChina:ResultsfromnewstudiesatDonghuishanintheHexiCorridor.TheHolocene20(6):955-965.

GaoQiangandYunKuenLee(1993).ABiologicalPerspectiveonYangshaoKinship.JournalofAnthropologicalArchaeology12:266-298.

LiLiu.(2004).TheChineseNeolithic,TrajectoriestoEarlyStates.London:CambridgeUniversityPress.Chapter3:“Householdsubsistenceandritual,”pp.33-72;Chapter4:“Spatialorganizationandsocialrelationsincommunities,”pp.73-113.

Lu,Houyuan,JianpingZhang,Kam-biuLiu,NaiqinWu,YumeiLi,KunshuZhou,MaolinYe,TianyuZhang,HaijiangZhang,XiaoyanYang,LichengShen,DekeXu,andQuanLi(2009).Earliestdomesticationofcommonmillet(Panicummiliaceum)inEastAsiaextendedto10,000yearsago.ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences106(18):7367-7372.

YuanJingandRowanK.Flad(2002).PigDomesticationinAncientChina.Antiquity76(293):724-732.

June21,2017(Wednesday)

Breakfast 7:00AMStudentdininghall,XibeiUniversityLectureVI 8:30AM－10:00AMProfessorQianYaopeng(XibeiUniversity):SettlementArchaeologyinChinaKeywords:NeolithicsettlementintheYellowRiverregion,Settlementremainsanalysis,Settlementpatternanalysis,SettlementrelationshipsBreak10:00AM-10:15AMLectureVII 10:15AM-11:45AMElizabethBerger(UNC):HumanOsteology

Handout:Introductiontohumanosteology,selectionfromphysicalanthropologyhandbook

RequiredReadings

Shelach,Gideon(1998).ASettlementPatternStudyinNortheastChina:ResultsandPotentialContributionsofWesternTheoryandMethodstoChineseArchaeology.Antiquity72(275):114-127.

Underhill,AnneP.andJunkoHabu(2006).EarlyCommunitiesinEastAsia:EconomicandSociopoliticalOrganizationattheLocalandRegionalLevels.ArchaeologyofAsia,editedbyM.T.Stark.Malden,MA:Blackwell.Pp.121-148.

YanWenming(2000).“NeolithicSettlementsinChina:LatestFindsandResearch.”JournalofEastAsianArchaeology1(1-4):131-148.

SupplementalReadings

Lee,Yun-Kuen(2007).CentripetalSettlementandSegmentarySocialFormationoftheBanpoTradition.JournalofAnthropologicalArchaeology26:630-675.

10|P a g e

Lunchbreak(12:00-1:00PM)

Afternoon:visittotheBanpoMuseum.LedbyProfessorQianYaopeng(XibeiUniversity),leaveXibeiUniversityat1:00PM

Leavethemuseumat5:00PM

June22,2017(Thursday)

Breakfast 7:00AMStudentdininghall,XibeiUniversityLectureVIII 8:30AM－10:00AMYangLiping(ShaanxiInstituteofArchaeology):SystematicoverviewonfieldmethodsaspertainingtoYangguanzhaiHandouts:Onsiterecordingchecklistandexcavationforms10:00AM-10:15breakLectureIX 10:15-11:45AMDr.YeWa(UCLA):TheYangguanzhaiProject2010-2015Formationprocess(culturaldepositionandenvironmentalformationprocess),archaeologicalrecord,craftproductionLunchbreak:12:00PM-1:00PMRequiredReadings

Peterson,ChristianandGideonShelach(2012).Jiangzhai:SocialandeconomicorganizationsofaMiddleNeolithicChinesevillage.JournalofAnthropologicalArchaeology31(2012):265-301

Schiffer,MichaelB.1972.Archaeologicalcontextandsystemiccontext.AmericanAntiquity37(2):156-65.

Underhill,AnneP.(2002)CraftProductionandSocialChangeinNorthernChina.NewYork:KluwerAcademic/PlenumPublishers.Chapter1:CraftproductionandthedevelopmentofcomplexsocietiesinancientChina.Pp.1-18.

SupplementalReadings

ChenZhuhai(1986).FieldInvestigationofthePrehistoricMethodsofPotteryMakinginYunnan.ScientificandTechnologicalInsightsonAncientChinesePotteryandPorcelain,edited.Shanghai:ShanghaiInstituteofCeramics.Pp.27-34.

LiF,WuN,LuH,ZhangJ,WangW,etal.(2013)Mid-NeolithicExploitationofMollusksinthe

GuanzhongBasinofNorthwesternChina:PreliminaryResults.PLoSONE8(3):e58999.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058999

Liu,Li.(2003)."TheProductsofMindsasWellasofHands":ProductionofPrestigeGoodsintheNeolithicandEarlyStatePeriodsofChina.AsianPerspectives42(1):1-40.

Rosenswig,RobertM.(2009).CeramicandDaubDiscardPatternsfromCuauhtmoc,Soconusco,MexicoJournalofArchaeologicalMethodandTheory,Vol.16,No.1(Mar.2009),pp.1-32.

11|P a g e

XuAnwu,WangChangsui,ChiJinqi,LiMingchuan,ZhangMaosen,L.Holmes,L.Harbottle,S.Koshimizu,K.Manabu,andK.Koichi(2001).PreliminaryProvenanceResearchonChineseNeolithicPottery:Huating(XinyiCounty)andthreeYellowRiversites.Archaeometry43(1):35-47.

June23,2017(Friday)Breakfast7:00AMstudentdininghall,Xi’beiUniversityLeaveat9:00AMfromXibeiUniversity.Bringallyourbelongings.

WeshallvisittheMuseumofTerracottaSoldiersandHorses(tombofthefirstChineseemperor,QinShihuangdi,nowaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite)inthemorning,andwilltransfertotheWufulinmenHotel,ahotelneartheYangguanzhaisite.Studentswillmoveintotheirrooms(2studentsperroom).

12:30PM:PicnicattheMuseumoftheTerracottaArmy.

3:00PM:LeaveforYGZsite,check-inattheWufulinmenHotel.

7:00PM:Dinner,meetatthelobbyofWufulinmenHotel.

June24,2017(Saturday)

8:00AM:BreakfastattheWufulinmenHotel.

9:00AM:VisittheYangguanzhaisiteanddiscussthisyear’sexcavationplaninthefield.

12:30PM:Lunch

Afternoon:VisittheYangguanzhaiFieldLab

2:30PM:meetattheYangguanzhaiFieldLab

Lecture:

YangLiping:Yangguanzhairecordingsystem

Handout:fieldjournal

7:00PM:Dinner,meetatthelobbyoftheWufulinmenHotel.

SundayJune25,2017(Sunday)

Freetime,optionaloutingtosupermarket

PARTTWO:Fieldwork(June26-July14,2017)

IntensiveexcavationsandlabworkattheYangguanzhaisiteandtheYangguanzhaifieldresearchstation.StudentsmayreturntoXi’anfororganizedfieldtripsontheweekends,stayingSaturdaynightattheXibeiUniversitydormsatyourownexpense,andreturningtothesiteonSundaybefore5pm.

Projectdirectorsandscholarswhovisitthesitewillgivelecturesonthefollowingtopics(schedulewillbeannouncedatthesite):

1)ArchaeologicalScience2)MortuaryArchaeology

12|P a g e

3)ExperimentalArchaeology4)Geoarchaeology

Detailedassignmentofeachweek’staskswillbeexplainedtostudentatthesite.

Notice:Themonsoonseasonstartsmid-JuneinnorthernChina;ourlabwork(washingpotterysherds,flotation,cataloging)isusuallyarrangedonrainydays.

Dailyschedule(MondaythroughSaturday):

6:40AM:breakfast

7:00AM:arriveatthesitebybicycleandworktill11:30AM

12:00-3:00PM:lunchbreak

3:30PM:biketothesiteandworktill7:00PM

7:30PM:Dinner

July14,2017(Friday)FinalPresentation

Morning:groupdiscussion;preparationofpresentations12:00PM:Lunch1:30PM:MeetattheYGZLab2:00PM:Studentspresenttheirresearchresultsandfurtherquestionsattheendofthe2017season,20-25minpergroup.Professorsfromcollaboratinginstitutionswillcommentonthepresentations.

7:00PM:FarewellPartyattheXinchengRestaurant.

July15,2017(Saturday)Studentsdepart