Course Project Book (Mobile Computing and Wireless Networks) CS 395T – Spring 2002 Course Instructor: Dr. Yongguang Zhang ([email protected]) Course URL:

Course Project Book(Mobile Computing and Wireless Networks)

CS 395T – Spring 2002

Course Instructor:Dr. Yongguang Zhang ([email protected])

Course URL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/ygz/395T-02S

May 17, 2002

http://www.utexas.edu/

Project List

1. Shruti : Session Migration2. Intelligent Routing Decisions in AODV3. Security in Ad-hoc Networks4. Secure Group Management in Ad-hoc Network 5. UBQuards: A Smartcard Project6. Smart Cards: Career Fair Experience7. Content Based Routing on Ad-Hoc Networks8. A New Service Discovery Protocol for MANET9. Comparison of Energy-Aware Ad-hoc Routing10. Multi-Mode TCP


A CS395T Course Project MobileComputing &

WirelessNetworks

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Design/Approach Application layer

–Application API to get/set application state Session Manager daemon

–Provides interaction between Home Agent and all user state

Home Agent–Stores the user’s session state

Socket Migrator–Uses IP redirection to offer same abstraction–Transfers TCP state

Challenges Faced, Lessons Learnt Modifications to legacy applications Maintaining portability Implementation & Integration 32-bit IP insufficient for unique PK

abstraction that combines security and authentication

Pre-publish or perish–http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~softagents/

migsock/MIGSOCK-ThesisPresentation.ppt

Shruti : Session Migration

Future work Migrate

–Other applications (mp3, ram)–User Mode Linux–Bosch virtual machine simulator

Application layer –Use condor style-checkpointing–Create new language abstractions

Home agent using smartcard

Project team:Amit, Amol, Ravi, Deepak, Divya, Young-RiURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/amitji/utOnly/Shruti.html

Application

Network level

App State

To other end host

TCP

Personal IP

IP


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Implementation Issues Simulated these extensions on ns-2 Experimented with varying parameters

–Optimum Beaconing Interval–Dynamically adjust wait time at destination

Performance comparison with base AODV–Used Different mobility patterns of pause time

and speeds

New Ideas Using signal strength values to predict the

link life time and hence stability of a route–Choose more stable routes

Maintaining multiple paths for a destination–Decreases route discovery latency–Reduce the effect of route failures

Intelligent Routing Decisions in AODV

Results/Lesson Learned

Project team: Gokhan Uluderya, Jared G. Boone & Ashish AhujaURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/uluderya/MWNET/project.html

Key Design/Approach Figure out how to measure life time of a

link–Use Friis law to predict the relative position of

a neighbouring node Keep a secondary routing table

–If primary route fails, use secondary route–If both routes fail, initiate route discovery


WirelessNetworks

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Key Design/Approach Provide a broad reading list for research in

the area Leverage existing work in security for

basis of solutions Adapt existing algorithms to ad-hoc

networks Utilize existing toolkits for cryptographic

algorithms

Algorithms Implemented Password-authenticated group key

establishment Threshold cryptography shared secret

division by trusted party, then recollection by clients

Security in Ad-hoc Networks

Results/Lesson Learned Implemented in Java Used Java Cryptographic Extensions

(JCE)–Sun’s JCE provider for Triple-DES–BouncyCastle.org’s for AES and RSA

Lesson learned:–Many existing security solutions are

unsuitable due to lack of on-line server or predefined hierarchy

–We must assume a prior context

Project team: Kevin KaneURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/kane/395T-02S/

Paper Themes Surveyed Group key establishment

–Password-authenticated–Unauthenticated

Threshold cryptography–Secret sharing–Distributed cryptographic operations

Web of trust–“Introducers”


WirelessNetworks

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Simulation Results

Secure Group Management in Ad-hoc Network

Conclusion Has clear advantage in terms of

connection time against the centralized approach.

Need further optimization to adapt frequent topology changes.

Project team: Chun-Chi Chen, Edwin Ng, Chwan-Ming WangURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/ccchen/classes/cs395t-mwc/proposal.html

Motivation Security in ad hoc networks is a necessity. Not many simulations or implementations

for security have been done in ad hoc networks.

Centralized approach is not suitable. Investigate a distributed solution for key

management.

Architecture Works on top of existing routing protocols.

N

K A

K AK A

K B

R

S

P Q

NPK = 3KPN = 2

K s K s

K s

NPK = 3


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Key Design/Approach Web service language interpreter

– Run as a Cardlet– 32K Javacard, Stripped down JVM– 1 input, 1 output instruction set– only integer types– control flow using predicates

Communication Module Consumer Device Web Services

– Microsoft.NET Platform, SOAP

New Ideas Specification for using smartcards as the

medium for ubiquitous web services

User state information on card– stateless web service servers

Web service workflow description

Hardware/Software specification for universal communication module

UBQuards: A Smartcard Project

Results/Lesson Learned Proof of Concept

– Smartcards + Ubiquitous– Software Implementation

Ubiquitous Communication Module– USB, HTTP/SOAP, WFDL– Smartcards Computing Power Increasing

Example Scenario– Plug-n-Play Internet Capability–Communication, Storage, “device stuff”

completely detached.

Project team: Changkyu Kim, Karu Sankaralingam, Youngin ShinURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/karu/mobile/

CM

Cardlet Device Web Service


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Design/Approach VB front end for sending/receiving resume Resume and BizCard in XML format

–Standardized format and parsing –Applet on smart card has a simple parser

Students have an interface to personalize the data they want from recruiter

Implementation platform:–SLB 4.1 toolkit and REFLEX 72 card reader–Metrowerks CodeWarrior IDE for debugging

and simulator on Windows 2000 platform

New Ideas Current literature focuses on the security

aspect of smart cards Exploit smartcards for personalization Saves effort and more efficient and easier

for students and recruiters Recruiters anyway have to “scan” the

resume into the database

Smart Cards: Career Fair Experience

Results and Future work Challenging to program with limited data

types and memory Developed prototype to demonstrate

simple processing on and off the card. Smart cards still not ready

–Memory too low, (use compression on host side), garbage collection (Java Card)

–Tool kit unstable and Simulator not very reliable

–Few data types, array of objects or 2-D arrays not available

Project team: Kaushik Lakshmanan and Ramanathan Pallassana


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Motivation Peer-to-peer applications : content driven No centralized DNS for name-lookup in

MANETs Current protocols have to decouple steps

of name to address mapping and route discovery

Combine! -- Content based routing

Content Based Routing on Ad-Hoc Networks

Results/Lesson Learned Implemented in NS2 Comparison

–Plain flooding vs Our Content-Routing–Metric

– Traffic : over 80% reduction– Route cache hit rate : about 27%– Control traffic : negligible

Lesson learned:–Think out of the box–challenge to implement a whole new protocol

in nsProject team: Vivek Subramanian & Amish Gandhi

URL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/viveksub/mobile_proj.html or http://www.schmoogle.com

Key Ideas/Design Nodes maintain information if they are on

a path towards content Communication : local broadcast Associate a path-id with every path

discovered Eliminate IP-Address/node-id For optimization :use pseudo random

local-id Distance metric : hop count

1

1

1

Content Routing Agent

LL

P2P App Agent

Channel

MAC

Content Requested

Reply withContent


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Motivation Service Discovery will become a crucial

need for upcoming networks/devices for seamless interoperability

Existing Protocols–JINI, UPNP, SLP, Salutation, etc..

Existing protocols are unsuitable for Mobile AdHoc Networks

We Propose and implement a new SDP for MANETs.

New Ideas Distributed directory Cache optimizations (ala DSR, AODV) Periodic Broadcast based Service

Advertisement. Transparent to underlying routing protocols Each node serves as a Service Agent,

Directory agent and also User agent

A New Service Discovery Protocol for MANET

Results/Lessons Learned File Sharing Application implemented in

java Tested using AdHoc toolkit Used Socket Library extension to emulate

the mobile environment Lessons learned:

– Using AdHoc toolkit– Various SDPs

Project team: Krupakar V. Pasupuleti, Jisun Park and Subramanyam MallelaURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/manyam/cosd.htm

MANET

Master

Slave

AdHoc Tool Kit Environment

Service Agent

Agent API

Application


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Simulation Setup Use the ns-2 simulator. Parameters: traffic load (number of source

nodes and traffic rate), mobility (pause time, speed).

Matrices: Packet delivery rate vs. traffic load, packet loss rate vs. mobility, network lifetime vs. traffic load, network lifetime vs. mobility, nodes survival percentage vs. time.

Algorithm Span: Only “coordinator” nodes stay

awake. The “non-coordinator” nodes go to sleep.

Afeca: Sleep depending on the number of transmitting neighbors.

FA: Choose the minimum cost routing path.

DSR

Comparison of Energy-Aware Ad-hoc Routing

Results/Lesson Learned

Project team: Pisai Setthawong, Hari Shankar, Yihong ZhouURL: http://www.ece.utexas.edu/~pisai/cs395t

Motivation Important to ensure battery-operated

mobile nodes operate as long as possible. Several solutions proposed and compared

with non-energy-aware protocols. Our goal is to compare different solutions

under DSR using same parameters.


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Experiment Result

MM-TCP

When the bandwidth of bottlenet changes frequently, TCP can save a subset of current TCP states (mode).

When TCP return to a history network enviorment, it can use the saved mode to set some initial values, such as cwnd.

TCP can adapt the enviorment quickly and then improve the performance.

Multi-Mode TCP

Conclusion/Lesson Learned

Implemented in ns2 Simulation results in ns2

–There are some improvements when TCP switches between different network enviorment. But the improvement is not large enough.

Lesson learned:– Implementation of TCP stack–Simulation an evaluation

Project team: Yi LiURL: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/ylee/project.html

... ...

Contact

Prof. Yongguang ZhangDept. of Computer SciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustin, Texas 78712, U.S.A.

E-mail: [email protected]: 512-232-7889


Documents

Course Project Book (Mobile Computing and Wireless Networks) CS 395T – Spring 2002 Course Instructor: Dr. Yongguang Zhang ([email protected]) Course URL: