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The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar St., Suite 600 K2P 0C2 Ottawa ON t:6132666964 e: [email protected] TTRA Canada, Victoria BC, October 1617, 2008

The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

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Page 1: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model

Tony FisherSenior Research Consultant

Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar St., Suite 600K2P 0C2  Ottawa ON

t:613‐266‐6964e: [email protected]

TTRA Canada, Victoria BC, October 16‐17, 2008

Page 2: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model

Tony Fisher

Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, Ottawa ON

TTRA Canada, Victoria BC, October 16‐17, 2008

[email protected]

Page 3: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

Outline

• Background of the Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance

• The STEAM model – what it is and how it works

• STEAM analyses conducted to date

Page 4: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

The Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance (CSTA)

• Membership based organization composed of approximately 110 members– municipalities

– national and provincial sport organizations

– educational institutions

• Objective of CSTA is to promote and develop the often substantial tourism aspect associated with the hosting of sporting events

Page 5: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

The Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance (CSTA)

• CSTA has developed a number of tools for the promotion of sport– Business plan templates

– Sport exchange

– STEAM 

Page 6: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐Motivation

• One of the objectives of the CSTA, raised by it’s members, has been raising the profile of the economic benefits associated with hosting sport events

• Quickly realized that there were many sources of error associated with measuring economic impact:– Number of Visitors– Spending of Visitors– Multipliers used 

Page 7: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐ Background

• Standardization of the model was achieved by controlling two of the three sources of variation previously mentioned:– Multipliers consistently estimated across Canada

– Standardized visitor expenditure model

• Use of model is conditional on obtaining training regarding the proper definition of the inputs as well as interpreting the results

Page 8: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐ Structure

Expenditure Estimates

• Visitor Estimates

• Operational Expenditures

• Capital Costs

STEAM

• Visitor Spending Profiles

• Economic Impact Multipliers

Economic Impact

• GDP• Jobs• Wages & Salaries

• Taxes

Page 9: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM – Expenditure Estimates

• Users of STEAM required to provide some projections regarding their event

• Required to project number of out of town visitors and participants attending event

Visitor Attendance

• Need to have an estimate as to aggregate cash expenditures broken down by type of spending

Operational Expenditures

• Projected total cost of all capital construction and major renovations

Capital Construction

Page 10: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM – The Model

• The model itself can be thought of as two components

Visitor Expenditure Profiles

• Calibration of model through Statistics Canada’s CTS / ITS 

• Supplemented with extensive on‐site visitor surveys• To date, approximately 25 events across Canada

Economic Impact Multipliers

• Developed by the CTRI at the CBoC

• Input / Output based on 2003 NAICS I/O tables

• Supplemented with other data• LFS• Regional tax structures

Page 11: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

On Site Survey Calibration

• Conducted on‐site expenditure surveys at over 25 events across Canada, including:– NAIG (2003)

– World Junior Hockey Championships (2005)

– Canada Games ‐ Summer & Winter (2003, 2005, 2007)

– FIFA U‐20 (2007)

– Arctic Winter Games (2008)

• Used results to calibrate model, with interesting results

Page 12: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

On Site Survey Calibration

$0.00

$10.00

$20.00

$30.00

$40.00

$50.00

$60.00

$70.00

$80.00

$90.00

2004 CTS 2004* CSTA

Spending per person per day – regular vs. sport visitors

Local TR

Taxi

Car Ops

Car Rental

Other Costs

Clothes

Event Merchandise

Rec & Ent

Food Store During

Food & Bev

$81.37

$72.41

Page 13: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐ Outputs

• Outputs at provincial level– Differentiate between host community and rest of province

• Differentiate between direct, indirect, and induced EI• Outputs include

– Gross domestic product (net econ. activity)– Wages & Salaries– Jobs– Taxes by level and by type– Total (gross) economic activity

• Results available by source (visitors, capital, or ops.) and by 2‐digit NAICS

Page 14: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐ Limitations

• STEAM explicitly only deals with economic benefits associated with hosting event– No displacement costs– Not a cost / benefit analysis

• STEAM is I/O based – not CGE bases– Cost is that dynamics of mega sporting events may not fully be captured, particularly in face of capacity constraints

– Benefit is that model is easier to understand – less of a black box (i.e. CGE is very sensitive to underlying assumptions)

Page 15: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM ‐ Adoption

• We have been actively engaged with a number of federal and provincial sport / tourism partners, including CTC, Sport Canada, and others

• STEAM has been incorporated into Sport Canada’s International hosting program as a bid requirement

• STEAM was adopted by the Commonwealth Games Canada as the yardstick by which to measure the economic impact of competing jurisdictions

Page 16: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

STEAM – EI Results

Event Canada SummerGamesRegina, 2005

World JuniorHockey ChampionshipsVancouver,  Kelowna,  Kamloops 2006

FIFA U‐20 Soccer Victoria, Vancouver, Edmonton, Toronto, Ottawa 2007

Arctic Winter Games**Yellowknife, 2008

Description Participant based, 2 weeks –considerable capital

Spectator  based event, 31 games in 3 cities

Spectator based –51 games, 6 cities concurrently over 1 month

Participant based, circumpolar participants & families

Attendance 4,300 athletes (2,150 per week) 18,000 spectators (60% out of town)

100k – of which 25k out of town, 10k long haul 

1.2 million tickets 271k spectators ‐ of which 20% out of town

1,800 participants 1,100 spectators, of which 800 were visitors

Initial Expenditure ($000’s)

$59,757($9,285 visitors)

$22,285 $108,362 $4,838

GDP ($000’s) $41,029 $21,375 $113,787 $3,891

Jobs* 955 275 1,686 38.5

Taxes ($000’s)* $13,124 $4,626 $22,101 $1,275

*Taxes and jobs refer to those supported by event, not necessarily created by hosting the event. **Provisional

Page 17: The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Proc… · The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model Tony Fisher Senior Research Consultant. Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance, 116 Lisgar

The Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model