The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The movement of air, from high The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure.pressure to low pressure.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The wind is caused by the different The wind is caused by the different temperatures (and therefore air temperatures (and therefore air pressure differences) around a planet.pressure differences) around a planet.This is caused by the Sun.This is caused by the Sun.


The topography of the land The topography of the land (Mountain Effect)(Mountain Effect)


• An important renewable resource.

• Brings rain – Without wind, the land wouldn’t get the evaporated water from the oceans.


• Activity! Draw the globe below.

0

30N

30S

60N

60S

Equator

Global Winds (Word Bank) Global Winds (Word Bank) Go back to drawing of globeGo back to drawing of globe

- Doldrums- Doldrums- Horse latitudes- Horse latitudes- Trade Winds- Trade Winds- Prevailing Westerlies- Prevailing Westerlies- Polar Easterlies- Polar Easterlies


• Doldrums- Areas of no wind , occurs at the equator, air here heats up fast causing low pressure.


• Horse Latitudes- Areas of no wind occurs at 30N + 30, air stops moving toward the poles and sinks.


• Horse Latitudes- Areas of no wind occurs at 30N + 30, air stops moving toward the poles and sinks.


When boats couldn’t find winds they would drop their weight. Often horses.

• Horse latitudes again.


• Trade Winds- Surface winds are blown toward the equator because the horse latitudes produce areas of high pressure.– Coriolis force curves the wind.


• Prevailing Westerlies- Winds blowing toward the pole, move from west to east, occurs between 30+ 60


• Polar Easterlies- Cold air sinks and heads toward the equator, Coriolis Effect curves the winds


• What is the name of the winds under the boxes below?


The rotation of the earth (which The rotation of the earth (which causes the Coriolis Force).causes the Coriolis Force).


Coriolis Force: A rotating body Coriolis Force: A rotating body deflects.deflects.


• Pressure gradient forces cause the hurricanes to spin opposite of the Coriolis Force.


• Pressure gradient forces cause the hurricanes to spin opposite of the Coriolis Force but the Coriolis Force keeps Atlantic forming hurricanes from crossing the equator and sends them NW.


• Coriolis Force means that you can’t fly in a straight line on a moving planet.


Most importantly, wind travels from Most importantly, wind travels from areas of high pressure to areas of areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure!low pressure!

High Pressure Wind

Low Pressure


Coriolis Force

The Jet Stream: Any of the high-The Jet Stream: Any of the high-speed, high-altitude air currents that speed, high-altitude air currents that circle the earth in a westerly circle the earth in a westerly direction. direction.


• Flying times can be significantly shorter going from California to New York than vice versa because of the Jet Stream (100+kph)


• Jet Stream: Like the ocean current in the movie except in the air.


Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that blows from the sea toward the land blows from the sea toward the land during the day. during the day.


Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that blows from the sea toward the land blows from the sea toward the land during the day.during the day.










Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that Sea Breeze (Day): The breeze that blows from the sea toward the land blows from the sea toward the land during the day. during the day.




Caused by air rising over the warmer Caused by air rising over the warmer land (day) and is replaced by cooler land (day) and is replaced by cooler air from above the sea.air from above the sea.


Land Breeze (Night): The breeze that Land Breeze (Night): The breeze that blows from the land toward the sea. blows from the land toward the sea.


• Land Breeze (Night): The breeze that blows Land Breeze (Night): The breeze that blows from the land toward the sea. from the land toward the sea. – High specific heat of water slowly releases High specific heat of water slowly releases

stored energy from the day during the night stored energy from the day during the night making the water warmer than the land.making the water warmer than the land.











• Which is a sea breeze and which is a land breeze?










Mountain Winds: Mountains can Mountain Winds: Mountains can create strong winds. create strong winds. Warm air risesWarm air rises up Mtn. up Mtn. (day)(day)


Mountain Winds: Mountains can Mountain Winds: Mountains can create strong winds. create strong winds. Warm air risesWarm air rises up Mtn. up Mtn. (day),(day), Cool air sinks down Cool air sinks down Mtn. (Night)Mtn. (Night)


• Mountain Winds (Day)


• Mountain Winds (Night)


Mountain Rain Shadow Effect: Mountain Rain Shadow Effect:


WetWet DryDry


• Water availability varies greatly on this planet.


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The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. The movement of air, from high pressure to low pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy