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The Middle Colonies. Chapter 6 section 2 Pages 157-162. The middle colonies:. Included: New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware. Farming. Farmers in the middle colonies had many advantages: Rich soil Mild climate Long growing season Deep rivers. Crops for sale. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Middle Colonies
Chapter 6 section 2Pages 157-162
The middle colonies:
• Included:– New York– Pennsylvania– New Jersey– Delaware
Farming
• Farmers in the middle colonies had many advantages:– Rich soil– Mild climate– Long growing season– Deep rivers
Crops for sale• Because of good soil
and climate people could produce crops to sell
• These became known as Cash Crops- crops grown to sell for profit
• They produced so much grain they became known as the bread basket colonies
Port cities
• Many farmers in the middle colonies shipped their goods through Philadelphia and New York
• They shipped them via the Delaware river and the Hudson river
Conestoga Wagon
• Many of the Pennsylvania Dutch utilized the Conestoga wagon
• It was:– Larger– More sturdy– Covered– Large wheels
New York farmers
• Owning land was very important to the colonists
• 5 families owned most of the land (their estates could cover up to 2 million acres)
• The owner or Patroon ran their estates like tiny kingdoms
• People who farmed the land had to pay rent
Business, Trade, and Cities
Page 159
Cities Grow Quickly
• By the mid 1700’s Philadelphia and New York were the two largest cities in the colonies
• They were important trading and manufacturing centers
• Cities were a contrast to the quiet countryside– Streets were paved with brick or cobblestone– They were lined with shops and inns– Crowds of people spoke many languages
A different kind of community:
• The middle colonies were settled by people from many countries with different:– Beliefs– Customs– languages
Many Religions:
• The colonies did not have any single religion that was more powerful then the others
• Religions included– Roman catholic– Jewish– Amish– Mennonite– Calvinists– Quaker– Lutherans
Country Customs and Fun
• People worked together to:– Clear land– Barn raising– Sheep shearing– Quilting
The Frontier
• Early colonists settled along the Atlantic coast and the banks of large rivers
• As more people arrived they moved further inland
• Frontier- a thinly settled area on the outer limits of the colonies
• For the middle colonies the frontier was the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains
People on the frontier
• People who settled here were mainly seeking new adventure and freedom
• They had to partake in extra chores like:– Cutting logs for their house and fires– Make furniture– Make candles– Make clothes– Educate their children
Dangers on the frontier
• Because families on the frontier all faced many dangers and hardships:– They gained a spirit of independence and equality– Women worked alongside men– Different culture groups shared thoughts and
ideas– There were no social class distinctions