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Th
e L
egac
y o
f A
nci
ent
Ro
me
What We
What We
What We
What We N NNNeed to Know:
eed to Know:
eed to Know:
eed to Know:
Identify
Identify
Identify
Identifymajor co
ntributions of Rome and explain
explain
explain
explain
their influence
on m
odern society
Evaluate
Evaluate
Evaluate
Evaluate
the extent to which Rome’s contributions
influence
society today
Th
e L
egac
y o
f R
om
an A
rt
ORoman art was largely influence
d by the
Greeks.
O“G
reco
-Roman” is a term
referring to the
influence
of the Greeks and the Romans.
ORomans adopted art tech
niques from other
cultures
OFor example, Roman scu
lptors were
particularly good at making life-like busts
and statues.
Am
eric
an a
rtis
ts o
ften
ad
op
ted
a R
om
an s
tyle
to
ad
d n
ob
ilit
y to
scu
lptu
res
and
p
ain
tin
gs
of
her
oes
. T
he
Ro
man
sta
tue
on
th
e le
ft i
s th
e em
per
or
Au
gu
stu
s, t
he
Am
eric
an s
tatu
e o
n t
he
rig
ht
is t
he
firs
t p
resi
den
t o
f th
e U
.S.-
Geo
rge
Was
hin
gto
n.
Ho
w a
re t
hes
e st
atu
es a
lik
e?
Oth
er A
rt S
tyle
s in
th
e R
om
an W
orl
dMosa
ics
•A picture m
ade up of
small piece
s of tile,
glass, or co
lored
stone
Frescos
•Sce
nes painted on
the m
oist plaster of
walls or ce
ilings
with water-base
d
paints
Bust-m
aking
and
Scu
lptures
Ro
man
-In
flu
ence
d A
rt i
n
Mo
der
n T
imes
OAncient Roman influence
emerged during
the Renaissa
nce
period (1300s-1600s).
OMichelangelo revived the Greco
-Roman style
in m
any of his painting and scu
lptures.
OUnder the patronage of Pope Juliu
s II,
Michelangelo painted a famous fresco in
The Sistine Chapel that depicts sce
nes from
the bible.
ODuring the early years of the United States,
Roman-style statues were created
throughout Wash
ington ,D.C.
Fin
anci
ng
th
e A
rts
OPatrons: citizens who sponso
r the arts.
OWealthy Roman families deco
rated their
homes with colorful murals and m
osa
ics.
Leg
acy
of
Ro
man
A
rch
itec
ture
an
d E
ng
inee
rin
g
OThe Romans borrowed the architectural and
engineering ideas of the Greeks and other
cultures but would improve on these
in ways
that future architects and engineers would
imitate.
Arc
hit
ectu
reOThe Romans often use
d three architectural
features to build
large structures.
1)
1)
1)
1)The Arch
The Arch
The Arch
The Arch
curved sym
metrical structure spanning an opening
curved sym
metrical structure spanning an opening
curved sym
metrical structure spanning an opening
curved sym
metrical structure spanning an opening
and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,
and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,
and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,
and typically supporting the weight of a bridge,
roof, or wall above it
roof, or wall above it
roof, or wall above it
roof, or wall above it
2) The Vault
An arch use
d for a ceiling or to
support a ceiling or roof
3) The Dome
Avault in the shape of a half-circle
that rests on a circu
lar wall.
Co
ncr
ete
OThe Romans were the first to m
ake
widesp
read use
of co
ncrete
OThe Romans use
d concrete to help them
build
bigger arches.
OConcrete is made by mixing broken stone
with sand, ce
ment, and water and allowing
the m
ixture to harden.
Th
e P
anth
eon
OThe Pantheon, is an example of Roman architecture
that is famous for its dome.
dome.
dome.
dome.
OIt was built as a temple to honor all of the gods of
Ancient Rome.
Th
e C
olo
sseu
m
OThe Romans invented a new type of stadium that co
uld
seat thousa
nds of sp
ectators.
OConcrete was use
d to build
tunnels into the stadium to
make it easy for sp
ectators to reach
their seats.
OThe Colosseum, where gladiators fought for the
entertainment of sp
ectators, is an example of the
Roman’s use
of the arch
Exa
mp
les
of
Ro
man
-in
flu
ence
d a
rch
itec
ture
OSU Football Stadium: The Horsesh
oe
Paris France
: L’Arc De Triomphe
Th
e U
.S.
Cap
ito
l B
uil
din
g
Discuss w/ your partner:
Discuss w/ your partner:
Discuss w/ your partner:
Discuss w/ your partner: W
hat features of
Roman architecture can you identify in the
U.S. Capitol build
ing? W
hat feature of Greek
architecture can you identify?
En
gin
eeri
ng
OThe Romans were the greatest build
ers of
roads, bridges, and aqueducts in Antiquity!
“All
Ro
ads
Lea
d t
o R
om
e”
Ro
man
Ro
ads
ORomans set the standard for road build
ing for more than
2,000 years.
OThey built m
ore than 50,000 m
iles of road throughout
the Roman Empire
OThey build
their roads using layers of stone, sa
nd, and
gravel
The Appian Way:
Originally built to
transport troops
Aq
ued
uct
sOAqueduct:
Aqueduct:
Aqueduct:
Aqueduct: a pipe or raised channel built to carry water
over a long distance
OSystems of aqueducts brought water from over 60 m
iles
away into the city.
OAqueducts su
pplied water to Rome’s wealthy citizens,
public baths and fountains
OThe ruins of these
ancient aqueducts ca
n still be seen
throughout Europe, North Africa, and Southwest Asia.
Leg
acy
of
Ro
man
Lan
gu
age
and
Wri
tin
g
OThe official language of the Roman Empire was
Latin.
OLatin remains influential throughout the world today.
OMany modern European languages developed from
Latin.
OWe still use
the Latin alphabet
O23 Latin Letters….we use
26 letters
OThe English language borrows heavily from Latin.
OLatin Prefixes
OLatin roots
Leg
acy
of
Ro
man
Lan
gu
age
and
Wri
tin
g
OThe calendar we use
comes from the
calendar adopted by Juliu
s Caesa
r.
OAugust honors Caesa
r Augustus
OSeptember co
mes from Latin m
eaning “the
seventh m
onth” (The Roman year started in
March, so
September was the 7
thmonth)
OOctober means “the eighth m
onth
Lat
in P
rove
rbs
OProverb:
Proverb:
Proverb:
Proverb: a popular saying
meant to express
something wise or true
OThe United States motto
was adopted from a Latin
proverb m
eaning, “O
ut of
Out of
Out of
Out of
many, one
many, one
many, one
many, one”.
Th
e L
egac
y o
f R
om
an
Ph
ilo
sop
hy
OPhiloso
phy:
Philoso
phy:
Philoso
phy:
Philoso
phy: the study of wisdom, knowledge, and the
nature of reality
OThe Romans adopted a Greek sch
ool of thought ca
lled
Stoicism.
OStoicism:
Stoicism:
Stoicism:
Stoicism: the philoso
phy that a divine (godly)
intelligence
ruled all of nature.
OStoics believed:
O“living rightly”–living in a way that agreed with nature
OMust have good character
OMust possess virtues of se
lf-control and courage
ODuty and welfare of co
mmunity over personal co
mfort
Leg
acy
of
Law
an
d J
ust
ice
ORoman Law covered
OMarriages, inheritance
s, and contracts
OMany modern legal co
des in European countries
are base
d on ancient Roman Laws
OThe idea of Justice
OUniversal Law of justice that ca
me from nature
ONatural law—every person was guaranteed rights
Infl
uen
ce o
f R
om
an L
aw
and
Ju
stic
e
OThe Declaration of Independence
borrows from the
Roman’s idea of natural rights and natural law.
OMany people believe in the conce
pt of Natural
Rights (rights that ca
nnot be taken away)
OModern day judges make decisions on the ideas of
justice
Th
e L
egac
y o
f C
itiz
ensh
ipOInitially, to be “Roman” meant to be a citizen of
the city-state Rome. As the empire grew
citizensh
ip was granted to the expanding
territories.
OAll citizens of the empire were protected under
Roman Law, enjoyed the same rights, and were
loyal to the emperor
OIn the United States, citizens are:
Oborn in America
or
Oare immigrants who are granted citizensh
ip
OThe rights and resp
onsibilities of citizensh
ip are
outlined in the Constitution and Bill of Rights