theWa0htn0ton turiePUBLISHED HVBRT BVEN1NO

(Including aundar)By The Washington Tiraea Company.

THB MUNBEY BUILDING. Penna. .

nFRANK A. MUNSEY, President.R. H. TITHER1NQTON, Secretary.G. H. POPE, Treasurer.

On Tr including BunilaTt.W.M.eu Months. tl.lt. Thr Months, toe.

Enters t Ih. pontoffley "Wlitii- -

3. C. second cl matiw.

SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1915.

A HARD JOB

The attack of the German pfess on

the President for partiality to the

allies will not make deep imoressionn fair-mind- people. . Nor would

we say that attacks from Americanssimilar to that of our former am-

bassador to Russia, Curtis Guild,'

printed recently, will be taken moreseriously. ,

Dispatches from Germany todaysay that the press of that countrycharge that the Administration hasbacked down before Great Britain.Mr. Guild complains that the Presi-

dent's "extraordinary partisanshipon the side of Germany has, save ina single instance, been unbroken."

One more demonstration that theman who seeks to keep in the middleof the road catches it from bothsides.

SACRIFICES IN WAR

Early in August, Chopard, an el-

derly Frenchman, lived in the villageof Chauffout, and in the town itselfor nearby lived seven of his sons,four of whom were married. Four-

teen children comprised, their house- -

holds. The call to the French colorscame, the seven sons responded, theold man, blind, being the only, manof 'the family left at home.

Every week for half a year he haswritten to the exchange bureau ofinformation, and month by monthhis family has been depleted untilnow all his sons lie in soldiers'graves. Four widows are husband-les- s,

fourteen children are father-less since those lives which mighthave been spent in useful endeavorhave been cut off like grain in har-

vest time.Certainly this blind Frenchman

has laid a precious sacrifice uponthe altar of-- his country.

THESUFFRAGECAMPAIGN

After the action of the New Yorklegislature the advisability of givingwomen the right to vote will be alive issue in New York politics.

Submission of the measure by solarge and so important n State asNew York will be awaited with in-

terest. Recognizing the fact, thesuffragists will bring to bear alltheir energy and resources on thecampaign. While the decision ofNew York will not determine the re-

sult of the general effort to givawomen the vote in the East.'its votewill have a great deal of weight onthe campaign in other States.

The suffragists start under ahandicap. The legislatures thathave submitted the question wereanti-suffragi- st. The press of hcState, taken as a whole, is agair.stgiving the vote to women. Tam-

many, it may be taken for granted,will be bitterly hostile, and there hasbeen little indication in any of ourcities of genuine sympathy with themovement.

But there have been some surpris-ing developments in the growth ofthe suffrage vote. With advocatesof Colonel Roosevelt's popularityand political skill aiding the cause, itmay be set down as coicain that thesuffrage fight in the Empire Statewill be a most determined one.

If the suffragist contention issound, that objection ' giving wom-en the vote is based more on preju-dice than reason, the women seeking(he franchise are pursuing a &hrevdcourse in carrying the campaign in-

to the Empire State, in which it isbound to attract the attention of thewhole country, t'mi.5 familiarising itwith the proposal.

THE ALLEY PROBLEM

Those who grow alarmed at theplan of Congressman William P.Borland, to provide Federal aid forthe building ofvhomcs to provide forthe hundreds of families to be drivenfrom Washington alleys by themeasure which will close these il-le-

to human habitation, assumethe responsibility of suggesting abetter plan.

That houses may be built andvented at sums ranging from $10 to$18 has been proved by the hundreds of two-famil- y dwellings putup by the two Sanitary HousingCompanies, enterprises which havebeen dubbed "philanthropy at ." percent" since that was the maximumdividend allowed on the investment.Congressman Borland's plan seemsto look to an extension of thisscheme, with the Government sup-plying the capital. Sinco Uncle Samcan borrow money at 3 per cent thiswould seem to be a good business,as well as a humanitarian proposi-tion.

Ja a recent address Congressman

Borland disproved the ofl-hcn- rd as-- 1 her hostile character will bo rcason-Bertio- n

that there are plenty of J ably apparent as soon, ns she beginsstreet houses which can be had atlow prices. There1 are but (505 hab-itab- fe

houses now in Washington, hestated, which can be rented for $15

month or less.Not only from a sonial and hu-

mane standpoint,' but for businessreasons, some provision for, alley isdwellers is of deepest concern tohouse owners of the Capitnl. Mostof he houses owned by those wholive in them are in sections vlicrothe older homes are still standing,and where families are being hud-

dled in such small space that manystreet houses present all the objec-

tionable features oT the alloyhouses.

The housing problem now facedby the city has been n matter ofdeep concern to the Commissioners,as well as all those who have theinterests of the District at heart.Congressman Borland's plan I seemsto many of these the best way out ofthe woods yet suggested.

THE LUSITANIA'S FLAG

If the Germans succeeded in in-

venting something new in a "warzone" that includes a vast area of I

the high seas, the captain of theLusitania has done quite as well inforcing the naval authorities to ad-

mit that there is nothing contraryto international law in the vessel ofa belligerent flying a neutral flag inorder to escape capture. The Lusi-

tania, on her way from New Yorkto Liverpool, received wireless warn-ing against German submarines inthe Irish Sea. From Queenstownaround Ireland and through the IrishSea she therefore flew the Stars andStripes, and according to accountswent at the highest speed.

This performance suggests to theinnocent lay mind a grave impro-

priety; yet the authorities seemagreed that nothing wrong has beendone. The British merchant ship-

ping act specifically gives to theships of other countries, when thoseships are at war, the right to usethe flag of Britain when Britain isJa neutral in order to escape capture.The regulation on this point says:

If a person uses the British Hag andassumes tin' British national characteron board a shin, owned In whole or Inpart bv persons unqualified to o n aBritish ship, for the purpose of makingthe ship appear to be British, the shipshall be subject to forfeiture under thisact, unless the assumption has beenmade for the purpose of escaping cap-ture by the enemy, or by a foreignship of war In the excirise of belliger-ent rights.

That is to say, England would permit an American ship, if Americawere at war, to use the British flagin order to escape from an enemy ofAmerica; therefore England assumesthat the right to use the Americanflag is enjoyed by a British vesselin like circumstances. It seems atfirst curious that Great Britain, thegreatest naval power, should permitsuch a right to minor naval powers.But it is to be remembered thatGreat Britain is also the greatestshipping power, and the enjoymentof such a right by her ships is like-

ly to be ofmore advantage to themthan to any other power. Great Brit-ain relies on her naval power to takecare of the naval power of any en-

emy, despite all stratagems; shewants all possible stratagems to beavailable to her merchant shippingbecause of its transcendent importance to her.

Such a rule, if accepted by themaritime world, gives the maximumof advantage to Britain because shesails almost half the shipping of allthe world. It does not give evenproportional advantage to any othernation, because the chance of fool-

ing the British navy with a neutralflag is small; British naval ships arctoo numerous, blockades by them aretoo well supported. Of course, theuse of a neutral flag by a belliger-ent's ship does not protect that shipfrom capture bv the-- onorny, if theenemy knows it is only a ruse. TheLusitania would have been just aslegitimate prize for a German cruis-

er, despite that she flew the Ameri-can colors. But the German cruiserwould have wanted to be absolutelysure that the flag was only a ruse;it would not have done to take thechance of sending an American shipto the bottom of the Irish Sea.

In this matter of using neutralflags, it has not been forgotten thatthe Germans themselves gave thefirst shock during this war to theminds of the nautically unsophisti-cated. The cruiser Emden, whileshe was still pursuing her daringcareer of comn.erce destruction en-

tered an Indian ocean port, flyingthe flag of Japan, and with a dum-

my funnel in place to mislead fur-

ther as to her real character. Thuscaparisoned, she boldly maneuveredherself into a position whence shewas able to sink two or three veri-el- s

and escape. It is now explained thatwhile she used the Japanese flng inorder to gain an advantageous posi-

tion in the raid, she hauled it downand hoisted the German ensign be-

fore the first shot was fired.This, likewise, it appears, is re-

quired by international war usages;though it does not seem a very satis-factory rule. The vessel that comesalongside under a flag that lullssuspicion, might as well begin firingwithout bothering to change flags:

THE WASHINGTON TIMES, SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1015.

blazing away, quite regardless olthe bunting at her masthead. To pulldown the dishonest flag and beginfiring, all in the same instant, as theEmdcn did, doesn't greatly help theunsuspecting victims.

Yet it is now explained that therenothing in The Hague rules or

the Declaration of London that de-

fines uses of the flag in away thatinterferes with the thing that theLusitania did.. Doubtless the recentGerman reference to British admir-alty instructions about using neutralflags referred to these conditions. Itmust) be observed, however, that asbetween the performance of theLusitania, carrying neutral mailsand passengers and in no wise to be itconsidered a warship, and that of theEmden, sneaking into a harbor un-

der false colors and running amuckamong a mass of all kinds of ship-

ping, there is n natural prejudice infavor of the notion that the Lusi-

tania was better justified than theEmden.

Manifestly we are going to learn avast deal about what war means, andwhat mny be done under its "rules."It begins to be pretty apparent thatthere are few rules that anybodyfeels bound to take seriously. There-fore, why not the United Statesmake some of its own? This coun-try is in better position to Commandrespect for its demands, right now,than any other in the world. It hasobligations to itself, its people, andto the people and the civilization ofthe whole world. Let the UnitedStates indicate very plainly what therules of war HAVE GOT TO BE asconcerning American ships; whatrules of war the United States willinsist on having recognized. Let itmake very plain that it intends toback up its conditions with suchmeans as it has at command. Thenthere will be a quick and highlysatisfying clearing of the atmos-phere.

PATENT OFFICE DANGER

Disclosures made by Commissionerof Patents Thomas Ewing in his annual report regarding the fire dan-

ger to Patent Office documents arcnot new, except that the risk in-

creases each year with the addedrecords put into the crowded oldbuilding.

Similar conditions, so far as therecords are concerned, exist in halfa dos,en other department buildingsin Washington. For example thereare the valuable records stored un-

der the roof of the Treasury andsubjected to the scorching rays ofthe summer sun, the old papers filedaway in the building formerly oc-

cupied by the Corcoran Gallery ofArt, which papers must be reachedby a raft in rainy weather, the im-

portant War Department recordsamong which a two days' search issometimes necessary to find a singlepaper, and the archives of the Census Office, only saved from official J

destruction by the intervention ofseveral historical societies. All these(acts simply point to the need of apermanent hall of records for theNational Capital.

But at the Patent Office there is ahuman risk not present to such anextent in the other buildings. Thatmenace to lives of Governmentworkers was pointed out as far backas the report of the Commission onEconomy and Efficiency in 1912.Then, as now, workers were ham-

pered by poor ventilation and inade-

quate light, and the boys still donbathing suits, and climb, like humanchamois, from shelf to shelf forcopies of old patents. j

All that is uncomfortable enough,but the tons of parched paper rec-

ords, stored on wooden shelves,crowding the corridors of the PatentOffice, make of the building a verit-able firetrap. The elevator servicewould not be sufficient to empty thebuilding in twenty minutes, and thestairway exits would long ago havebeen supplemented by compulsionhad the Patent Office been a privatebusiness house. Some effort hasbeen- - made to minimize the dangerby installing a water sprinkling de-

vice, but the District Fire Marshalhas testified frequently to the menace to life in case- - of a blaze in thebuilding.. Such a blaze is not impossible, since in earlier and lesscongested days two fires did wipeout a portion of the records of theoffice, but employes escaped injury.

Will it take a fire like that at theAlbany capitol to make Congress situp and take notice of conditions thatmake a Government building prob-ably the worst firetrap in Washing-ton?

NATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

From a British citizen who hasbeen living in Spain since and be-

fore the war began, comes a curiousstory of the development of Span-ish national sentiment concerningthe great struggle. Spain, despitethat she has never been reconciledto British control at Gibraltar, hasfor many decades been united moreclosely to Britain than to any otherof the powers, by ties of interest, ofsentiment dating back to the Napol-eonic wars, and more recent 1) bymatrimonial alliance between the

royal families of the two countries.The British princess who becameQueen of Spain is very popular, andsho and the King are decidedly pro-Engli- sh

in sentiments.But aside from a comparatively

limited court clement, it is declaredthat Spain has been gradually Veer-ing away from its old moorings ofBritish sympathy. When the warstarted the country was decidedly ontho British side. It haB been persist-ently swinging toward the Germans;nnd the explanation which this ob-

server gives is that the Spanish be-

lieve the United States is prepondcr-atingl- y

in sympathy with Britain.Spain, still rankling from memoriesof the Spanish-America- n war, de-

clines to lino up with tho side thatthinks America favors; therefore

the supposed sentiments of Americahave been responsible for literallydriving Spnin over to the other side.

This is the more peculiar development, in view of the fact that allEurope believes that Englandstrongly inclined toward the Ameri-can side in the war between thiscountry and Spain. At that timennd subsequently Spanish sentimentdid not seem to be gravely affected;the old loyalty to British interestswas soon seemingly restored afterthe end of the war with America.But now Spain swings away fromBritain because, if this analysis iscorrect, the United States is believedto be ovcrfriendly to the mothercountry.

THE POSTAL TRUTHS

It is time for somebody or someorganization to set about giving thepublic the unvarnished truth aboutconditions in the Postofilce Depart-ment.

In New York, Philadelphia, Brook-

lyn, and a long list of other largecities, postoffice patrons have recent-ly been excited over stories that pos-

tal facilities are going to be pareddown in order to meet the deficit inthe department.

There is no denial that the department authorities have initiated in-

quiries at many offces, looking toinauguration of plans to retrenchin expenses.

Immediately the affrighted patronsof the service are ready to believewhatever story is told about the rea-sons why retrenchment is necessary.The handiest lie, and the one thatseems best to serve the purpose ofcertain interests usirujj it, is thestory that the parcel post has causedthe deficit.

Therefore this is the obviouslogic the parcel post ought to go,or to have its rates raised, in orderto stop the deficit.

With its rates raised much, theparcel post would "go" fast enough.Nothing would please its competitors so much as to see its ratesraised. They would get the business.

The fact is that the parcel post isearning, not losing, money for thedepartment. Let that be thoroughlyunderstood.

The stories that parcel post lossescause the deficit are absolutely un-

true.It is a fact that in the first-clas- s

mail business of the great centers aloss has been experienced lately.This is the greatest revenue-producin- g

branch of the postoffice service.It has suffered for the precise rea-sons that other business have suf-fered.

But it is dishonest to charge thedeficit to the parcel post, and thepeople who are inducing circulationof that piece of dishonesty know it.They know they arc giving thecountry a false impression; and thatis just why they arc doing it.

The deficit in the postoffice iscaused, not by the parcel post, whichearns profits, but by the egregiouslyexcessive expense of the rural freedelivery service.

The Postmaster General has re-

ported that he could save near $20,-000,0-

a year in this service if Con-

gress would only permit. But Con-

gress will not permit, for fear itmight offend thp army of rural car-riers who are highly organized andpossess political influence.

Unable to do the thing that oughtto be done, the department may becompelled to do the thing that oughtnot to be done: to curtail facilitiesin the large cities.

Let it be remembered that thebusiness of the great city offices isconducted at a big profit to the de-

partment.Let it be remembered that the

business of rural free delivery isconducted at a huge loss.

Let it be kept in mind that theparcel post earns profits.

Yet, because rural delivery, ex-

travagantly conducted, causes adeficit, there is serious danger thatboth tho parcel post and the cityservices may be made to suffer.

The whole future of the po.lalservice is involved at his point, thewhole policy of the Government toward this department. If the attackon the parcel post shall su.eed, andif the curtailment of service in thecity shall be enforced, Governmentmanagement of the postoffice willhave been n failure.

No Time..1 i.ige h don't jou look ui i :. "

- Ol havi n't tlm Inline id v.niton m li unproiualile i mplov nicntjudge

Here Are the AnswersIn Educational ContestSolutions to Problems Presented in Test Gonducted

by The Tinies Concerning Matters of EspecialInterest to Washingtonians Medals Awarded.

In response to many requests, The Times today prints in full

the answers to the thirty questions in its recent Educational Con-

test, open to pupils of Washington high schools.

The questions related wholly to the history, the industries, and

the Government of Washington. They were followed closely by

hundreds who were not eligible to the contest, and have been de-

clared by students of Washington history to shed much light on the

Capital's annals.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.The questions and answers follow:MiiPNtlmi 1. What Ih tlie latitude

and lonKltudc of Washington? Answer-- Latitude, north 38 degrees 53 minutes3I.U15 seconds. Longitude, 77 degrees 2

minutes 27.745 seconds, west of Grien-wic- h.

(turn! Inn 2. When and where wasthe first public school established InWashington? Answer --October 22, 171-3- ,

at the southwest :orncr of Fourteenthand G streets.

(ttirxllun .1. Who designed the stat-ue that surmounts the ,lomo of theUnited States Capitol? Answer-Thom- as

Crawford.Mayors of Washington.

((uestlou 4. Name tlie mayors ofWashington In their order. Answernobert Brent, Daniel ftnpinc, .lames 11.

Blake, Hcnjainln CI. Orr, Samuel X.Smallwood. Thomas Carbery, Samuel N.Smallwood. Itogcr C. Welghtman, Jos-

eph Gales, Jr., John 1. Van Ssaa. Wil-

liam A. Bradley. Peter Force, WilliamW. Seatoji. Walter Lenox, John W.Maury. John T. Towers William H.Magruder, James CJ. Hcrret. Klch.irdWullach. Sayles J. lJo.ven. Matthew G.Emery.

Uurntlon n How Ih the SmithsonianInstitution maintained? Name somegreat undertaking It has accomplished.Answer The Smithsonian Institutionhas an endowment fund of approximate-ly I7U0.0O0 (Including the original

nt ITilS.Cl!) made bv James Smith- -

son), from which an income of jri&.MJO

a year Is received. This Income, to-

gether with varying Congressional ap-propriations, maintain the Institution.Under Dr. Samuel I Langley, the In-

stitution worked out the problem of the"heavlerilhan-alr- " Hying machine; itwas the first Institution in this country,to organize ii corps of meteorologicalobserve! s, it has obtained the history ofevery musical Instiument known, It un-

dertook the Initial Investigation of thefood fisheries of the country, which re-

sulted In the establishment of theI'njted States Fish Commission, nowthe' Bureau of Fisheries, of the Depart-ment of Commerce.

l,60."i.9 Acres in Rock Creek Park.iliirNtlon .11. How many acres arc

there n Hock Creek Park" Answer1,G0.'.9 acres

HurMlon I. Who appoints membersof the Hoard of Education? Answe- r-Judges of the Supreme Court of the Dis-

trict of Columbia.lliimttmi fc. When was the corner-

stone of the T'nited States Capitol laid?Answer September lit, 1793.

liirtlu O, Nunii) live artlsti whocontributed to the works of art In theLibrary of Congress. Answer KllhuVedder, George W. Maynard, II. O.Walker. Walter McEvven, Kenyon Cox.tof course theio are many others.)

luetlnii ill. When and where wasthe first Government building erected inthe District of Columbia? Answer-T- heWhite House, on its present Mte. Thocornerstone was laid on October ",i'l'Jl. and the building completed In 1739.

How District Is Bounded.Ilnmtlnn II. How is the boundary

of the District of Columbia indicated?Answer The Potomac river, high watermark, is the southern boundary. Theland boundary, Is marked bv sandstonemlln posts one foot square and two feethigh, numbered from one to nine.They bear, on the side facing the Dis-trict, "jurlxdlctloii of tho U. S.,"and the number of miles they respectively are from tho corner at whichthe numerical series begins. On the op-posite side they bear the word, "Mary-land; ' on tlie thlid Hide, 1792, and onthototirth side variations of the compass.

Uurntlnu 12. What was the 'firstcollege to be established in tho Districtof ColumbU? Answer Georgetown Col-lege.

UiicMloti 13. M hrrr naa MajorL' Enfant first burled? Answer In thofamily lot on the farm of W. D. Dlggs,at Green Hill, Pilnce George county. Md.

History of Lottery System.Question 14. Give a brief history of

the municipal lottery In Washington.Answer tFrom the paper of Harry Mll-lof- f)

Tho early history of Washingtonreveals a very interesl'lng feature, asystem of lotteries. Lotteries with theapproval of the President for improvingthe city were authorized In amounts ofnot exceeding $liUK in uny one year bythe charters of 1S12 and 1820.

On November 3. 1M2. the city counc'ladopted a lesolution to raise ?10,0u0 bylottery for building two public schoolhouses. On August 3. 1&14. a similarlottery to raise funds fox the erectionof a workhouse, and on May 10, lSi.r), neto raise funds for building a city hallwere recommended. In lMi!, 1M7, 1M8,M9, 1820, and 1S21 resolutions weroadopted

for raising 110,000 by lottery with whichto erect the aforementioned builAings.Hy act of July 21, 1813, Congress ap-pointed seven men to manage three lot-

teries authorized up to that time forraising a total of $30.0u. On November17. ISIS, an ordinance was p.vsscd au-thorizing the mayor to appoint sevencitizens to manage a lottery to raise atotal sum of J10.CKO. as provided for iytlie resolutions of

Defaulted' With $100,000 Prize.On January 4. 1&27. an ordinance au-

thorized the sale of tho three pendinglotteries, as well as any future ones tobe authoilzed under the charter pto-vislo-

the purchasers to isume thoentire responsibility for the payment ofthe prizes, t'nder this ordlnanco DavidGillespie and others took over the man-agement of tho lotteries. Gillespie de-f- u

lilted with the nfcln prize of J100.000

and other amounts. TTTb mapasera be-

ing unable to pay the prizes, the o tywas subjected to Judgment aggregatingupward of 1'.iS.0oO. No further attemptswere made to raise money by the, lot-

tery method.Commission Government.

(tumtloii in. SKeuli the circum-stance lending up to the establishmentof the present commission form of gov-

ernment here. Answer (From thepaper of Miss Alma Hall): The net cfCongress of February 21. 1S71. whb'h re-

voked the charters of the corporationsof the cit of Washington. Georgetown,Hiid the le s iriiut of the cnlintj ofWashington, established In their ,tead arfinglo municipal government named thoDUirlci of Columbia, having juriidu- -

lion conterminous with all that terri-tory which was ceded by the State of.Maryland to the Congress of the unitedStates for the permanent scat of theGovernment of the United States." Allvalid laws and ordinances then exist-ing

andin tho District were by said act con led

tinued in rorcc. The new municipalityconsisted of a governor, a board ofpublic works composed of tho governorand four other persons, a secretary, aboard of health, a legislative assemblyconsisting of a council of eleven mem-bers, and n house of delegates consist-ing of twenty-tw- o members, and a Dele-gate In the House of Representatives oftho United State.

The governor, the board of publicworks, tho secretary, the board ofhealth, and the council were appointed theby tho President of the United States, allbv and with the consent of the Senate.The members of the house of delegateswere elected by the ipualllled voters ofthe District of Columhia. The officialterm of the goernor, members of theboard of public works, the becretary,and tho members of the board of healthwas four years; the term of the mem-bers of the council and the Delegateto Congress wps two years, and theterm of the members of the house ofdelegates one year.

On June 20. 1874, by an act of Con-gress of that date, the form of govern-ment established bv the net of February 21, 1S71, was abolished, and theexecutive municipal authority of theDistrict of Columbia temporarily vestedIn three commissioners appointed by thePresident of the fnlttd States and con-firmed bv the Senate, who succeeded Ingeneral to the powers nnd duties of thegovernor and the board of public works.All valid laws affecting the Districtthen existing were continued in fore.

This temporary form of governmentexisted until July 1. 1S7S, when, pursu-ant to an net of Congress of June 11.

17S. it was succeeded by the presentform.

The present local government of theDistrict of Columbia Is a municipalcorporation, havlntr Jurisdiction coinci-dent with the territory which had beensubject to the two municipal govern-ments immediately preceding It. Thisgovernment Is administered by n boardof three Commissioners having in gen-eral eoual powers and duties.

Suffrage First Granted.Question 111. When was municipal

suffrage first grunted In Washington?Answer May 3. 1S02.

Muenllnn 1". Where Is the. NationalArt Gallery located? Answer In thenew National Museum, on Mall, betweenNinth and Twelfth streets southwest.

quclli'ii IK. When was the firstinaugural ball In Washington? Aq- -swer-Marc- h 4. 1S09.

Ut'extlfin HI. Who was the firstcouple married In the. White House?Answer Luc v Payne, widow of anephew of General Washington, andJustice Todd, of tho United States Su-preme Court.

Iliirxtlon I'O. What was the firstattempt upon tlie life of a President?Answer On January 29, 1S35. at the al

berlces in the Capitol of Sena-tor Davis of South Carolina, HtchaidLawience stepped before President An-drew Jackson and attempted to tirewith a pistol, but the cap failed to ex-plode.

lliiextion -- I. Name five authors ofnut onnl note who have made theirhomes in Washington. Answer FrancisScott Key,, Mrs. K. D. N. Southworth.Mrs. Frances Hodgson Burnett. ThomasNelson Page, Gcorgo Bancroft, andm.iny others.

lurnti"n 1!2. When were tho highschool cadets organized? Answer Inthe autumn of lv:.

((iiexllon 2.M. Name five leading in-dustries of Washington as indicated inthe last census. Answer Printing andpublishing, bread and bakery products,malt liquors, foundry and machine shopproducts, lumber and timber products.

(tnralinii 24. What Is the most val-uable piece of property In the District,value to he based on the last assess-ment? Answer The southeast cornerof New York avenue and Fifteenthstreet northwest, where Baltimore andOhio ticket office Is located.

Course of Tiber Creek.(itiesllon !!.". What was the original

course of Tiber creek? Answer (Fromtlie paper of Haymond J. McElhannon):

Tiber creek consisted of four branches,the middle two of which ran togetherbefore entering tho city. All thebranches hid their sources a little out-

side of the District. The general coursewas down North Capitol street to theMall and out the Mall o tho Potomacriver The exact course: Tlie westernbranch entered the city between Sev-enth and Eighth on U northwest; cross-ed seventh and T in the middle of thestieet; S midway between Sixth andSeventh; Fifth and H in the middle otthe street; Q near Third; Second be-

tween P and Q; P near Second; O be-

tween First and Second; ran alongSixth to Noith Capitol; crossed N be-

tween Noith Capitol and First north-east; lan between North Capitol andFirst to F; crossed New Jersey avenueand D; crossed C between NorthCapitol and First northwest; U betweenFirst and Second; Pennsylvania avenuebetween Second and Third; ran Into theMall; crossed Third and A southwest;came down midway between A and B:made u loop north at Four-and-a-h-

street: came down near Sixth and B:turned north along Sixth street and alsobecame broader; flowed ove,r B north-west, between- - Sixth nnd Fifteenth;broadened and covered the ground be-

tween B, almost to C, between Ninthand Fifteenth; now became very broad,crossed tho Monument grounds and en-

tered the Potomac. Middle branch entered tho city at First and It north-- Jwest; crossed Q between First andSecond; First between P and O; Joinedwest branch on O between First andNorth Capitol northwest. East branchenteied the city between First and Sec-ond on P northeast; crossed O be-

tween First and Second; crossed Firstand N. Joined main branch on M be-

tween North Capitol and First north-east.

ttiicNtlon ail. What President, orPresidents, never lived in the WhiteHouse'' Answer George Washington.

First Session of Congress .(li'rsllon 'J7. When, and by whom,

was the first session uf Congress calledtogether In Washington? Answer TheHist meeting of CoiiRiess was set by an,n I of I'ungie.ss passed in Ma.v, 1S0O,

' foi the thhd Mondav in December'tDeccmbnr 17). Congress actually met

Says Act May HurtMail Service Men

Association's Head Opposes theAmendment Providing for Bi- - .

ennial Appropriations.Declaring thut biennial Instead of an-

nual appropriations In tho railway mallservice would lessen the total number ofpromotions by half and work hardship"Port tho men, K. H. Fair, president' ofthe National Hallway Mall Association,entered a vigorous protest against thoamendment to the postofilce appropriation Din carrying that piovlslon, at a'ncftlnir of tho Hallway Mall Association

f the District at Loyal Legion Hall,Tenth street, last night.

The association Hdopted a resolutionIndoriring A. F. Mlddlcton. of Berwyn.Mil., for as president of the I

tnird division. H. M. A.; H. N. Link, ofWashington for as vice I

m. v. uiciiu. of rfTospcct,Va,. for as secretary, and V.It. Hammer, of Washington, as a dele-Ka- te

to the national convention to boheld In San Francisco, Cal., next June.

on November 21. John Adams was thenPresident of the United States.

(titration 2ft. What famous piece ofsculpture Is In Hock Creek Cemetery,

what were the circumstances thatto Its being placed there? Answer"The Mystery of the Hereafter." byAugustus St. Gaudens. This statue iscommonly, but erroneously, known as"Grief." Henry Adams had" the monu-ment done In memory of his wife.

Uoeolliin 2. When was a terri-torial form of government established inuasinngton, and when was it abandon-ed? Answer Kstabllshed February 21,1871. and abandoned June 20, 1874.

(ligation HO. What street car llneMcross the Junction at Ninth and Fstreets'' Indicate these lines by telling

signs the Individual cars carry indirections. Answer Georgetown,

District Line, Cabin John, Glen Echo,Mt. Pleasant. Fifth and F streets. Thlr.teenth and D northeast, Lincoln Park.'union Mtauon, Anacostla, Center Market,Congress Heights, Soldiers' Home,Eleventh street northwest, TacomaPark, Wharves. Le Droit Park, Capltol-Clt- y

Hall. Ninth and F. Rrlghtwood.Forest Glen, Seventh and Floridaavenue. Tenleyton, Somerset, and Brad-ley Hills.

Calls for RecordIn Officer's Case

Naval Committee Probing Hear-

ing of Lieut. Smith, Who SeeksReinstatement.

A subcommittee of the Naval AffairsCommittee of the Senate has decided tocall on the Navy Department for therecord of the hearing held In China Inthe case of Lieut. Roy C. Smith, former-ly of the navy. He is seeking reinstate-ment.

He was forced to retire three yearsago when serving on the Asiatic sta-tion, charges of immoral conduct havingbeen made against him.

Lieutenant Smith alleges the attackon .him was the result of a conspiracybetween enlisted men and an inferiorofficer who had been disrated as theresult of reports made bv LieutenantSmith, then In command of the gun-boat Villa Lobos.

MRS BALL URGED

FOR t R. C. HEAD

Department of Pojomac Con-

cludes Convention With Elec-

tion of Various Officers.

Mrs. Isabel "Worrell Ball wanfor national prtsident of tho

Women's Relief Corps at the twenty-sixt- h

annual convention of tho De-partment of the Potomac, which winconcluded Inst night In Grant ArmyHall.

The national convention Is to boheld Imro the latter part of Keptcn -ber. Mrs. Uall also was unanlnvjimlvelected chairman of the departmentcommitter on prevention of de.ei'r.i-tlo- n

of the Mac and the past depart-ment presidents vero toserve with her.

The election of officers of thresulted In the choe0 of

the following: President. Mrs. Mtmle,..Uo,'?,c., ,: nlor vice president. ,Mr.Alice Stein; Junior vice presidentMrs. Carrie Gury; chaplain. MrsAlice Xiurtress: treasurer. Mrs. .iilWest Hamilton; executive board'Mrs. Van Ness, Mrs. Nettle Kru'ger'Mrs. Mary Griffcn. Mrs. Amanda Fall-ing;, and Mrs. Luclnda Cruder

Mrs. Ella Morgan- - al-ternate to delegatc-at-larg- e. Mrs. Fhii-nl- e

Worden; delegate. Mrs IullH m.son Layton: alternate to delegateMr. Elia Davis.

The Installation of officers will t)(eplace it Ornnd Army Hall, Februaiv19, at 8 o'clock..

The annual address of the retiringpresident. Mrs. Georglana D. VanFJcQ.t, showed that her dopartnict-- t

Is Increasing In membership, out ofdebt, and a. prosperous year Is Invlajv. The report of the secretary.MrsJulla Mason Layton, was a his-tory of not only the year's work, butof all the twenty-fou- r years the de-partment has been In existence.

Mrs. Lucy S. Weaver presented th- -

report of the department patriotic in-structor. She said she visited theschools and Inquired into the histor-ies taught and the methods of nbser --

lng the birthdays of the nation'great men, Tlaa; Day, Fourth of Julx.and other legal holidays In the Dis-trict. She said most of the schoolswere well drilled In the hlstorv ofthe men and t!ie anniversaries to behonored.

Mrs. Ball, as chairman of the committee on pretention nf ,leierntlnnof the ftas-- , reported that thlrtv-seve- u

States have adopted stringent law"against misuse of the flag.

Plans Fund for JoblessBy Raising $500,000

CHICAGO, Feb. 7. Mayor Carter Hai-rlso- n

has issued a proclamation askingall citizens of Chicago to help raise utSoO.000 unemployment fund, which Is tobe administered by an Industrial com-mission of one hundred.

The monev will be used to cre.itework for the unemployed. Only thosewho can prove a year's residence InChicago and can certify that the.r ateIdle through no fault of their owfi areto be eligible to Its benefits.

The work created by the fund will bodirected toward beautifying the iltvStreet and citv work will be startedimmediately. It Is estimated 200,000 per-sons lack employment here.

Week's Summary ForYour Scrapbook

SUNDAY, January 31 Germany, putting into practice Admiral vonTirpitz's policy of attempting to starve England by sinking hercargo carriers, sinks tbree British merchant steamers in theIrish Sea by the use of submarines. The French admit a se-

vere defeat in the Argonne, with the loss of 200 yards, but gainnorth of Lombaertzyde, in Flanders. The Russians begin anoffensive west of Warsaw.

MONDAY, Febcuary I The French admiralty announces that Ger-man submarines have sunk two British merchant vessels offHavre. London Daily Mail says Baron von Burian, for Aus-- .

tria, has informed German statesmen that Austria will be ruin-ed unless Germany will make peace on terms involving a par-

tial disarmament and the surrender of Alsace. The Russianssay their advance in East Prussia continues. The German waroffice claims the capture of French trenches between La Hassceand Bethune.

TUESDAY, February 2 Geneva hears that the Austrians sufferedan overwhelming defeat near Tarnow, in Western Galicia, los-

ing 12,000 men. The Germans claim further gains west ofWarsaw. The French assert the Germans were repulsed withheavy losses in attacks between La Bassee and Bethune.

WEDNESDAY, February 3 French report that the British repulsedheavy attacks at Guinchy. The Germans begin a new drive onWarsaw, Petrograd says, and have been temporarily successfulin an advance on Sochaczow. Amsterdam says the Orr,iangeneral staff warns all neutral shipping to avoid the northwestcoast of France because Germany plans operations againstBritish transports.

THURSDAY, February 4 The Russian general staff announces vic-

tories over Austro-Germa- n forces in the Dukla and Uszokpasses in the Carpathians, a continuance of the advance in

Hungary. The Germans announce the capture of Goumine.west of Warsaw. In the west the Germans attacked in severalplaces. On the River Ancre, north of Albert, they used firerafts in an effort to destroy the French bridges. The Frenchsay all attacks "were repulsed. The Turks reached Toussoum,on the Suez Canal, but were repulsed.

FRIDAY, February 5 The British foreign office announces that in

view of Germany's decision to confiscate all foodstuffs, th

American steamship Wilhelmina will be brought before a pri3court. Germany announces that after February 1? it will con-

sider the waters about the British Isles su"war zone," that enemy

ships in those waters will be destroyed, and neutral vessels arcwarned to avoid these waters. The French claim gains be-

tween Lille and Arras. Petrograd says the Russians have cross-

ed the Angerapp river, in East Prussia, and have taken Skempein the advance on West Prussia. Twelve thousand Turks areintrenching themselves near the Suez Canal.

SATURDAY, February 6 Russia announces that her troops havetaken the offensive west of Warsaw, and have crossed theBzura at its junction with the' Vistula, following the defeat ofseven divisions of German infantry in a three days' battle on

the Goumine-Borjimo- w front. The German war office saysthe Russian attacks have been unsuccessful.