87
The Haggis Field Reservoir Properties: The Haggis sand was deposited in a turbidite environment. It is quite homogeneous with an average porosity and permeability of 22% and 200 mD, respectively. The reservoir sand, however, is isotropic with a Kv/Kh ratio of 0.1. The top of the sand was encountered at 6400 ft TVDSS, and the oil-water contact is at 6500 ft TVDSS. The reservoir is normally pressured with an initial reservoir pressure of 3300 psia and little or no aquifer support. Reservoir pressure has declined with production to 2800 psia at present. Pressure maintenance was not considered when the field was being developed. For information and for those wishing to run this exercise using a completion design software package, Table 1 lists the PVT data for the Haggis fluids at current reservoir conditions. Reservoir Temp. 150° F Oil API Gravity 40° API Gas Relative Density 0.80 G.O.R. 550 scf/STB Pb 2030 psia Bo 1.27 Oil Viscosity 0.66 cp Bg 0.0046 Gas Viscosity 0.022 cp Bw 1.023 Gas Z-Factor 0.73 Water Salinity 200000 ppm Water Viscosity 0.67 cp Table 1: Haggis PVT Data Haggis wells: The Haggis field wells have an economical limit of 1500 STB Oil/d/well; i.e. producing at rates lower than that is not feasible. For information, results of a recent pressure survey from Haggis-3 are listed in Table 2. Depth 650 1605 2590 3600 4590 5587 6490 ft TVD Pressure 525 735 990 1292 1629 1920 2266 psia Table 2: Haggis-3 Pressure Survey

The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

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Page 1: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ! � � � � � � � � � � " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

Reservoir Properties:

The Haggis sand was deposited in a turbidite environment. It is quite homogeneous with an average porosity and permeability of 22% and 200 mD, respectively. The reservoir sand, however, is isotropic with a Kv/Kh ratio of 0.1. The top of the sand was encountered at 6400 ft TVDSS, and the oil-water contact is at 6500 ft TVDSS. The reservoir is normally pressured with an initial reservoir pressure of 3300 psia and little or no aquifer support. Reservoir pressure has declined with production to 2800 psia at present. Pressure maintenance was not considered when the field was being developed. For information and for those wishing to run this exercise using a completion design software

package, Table 1 lists the PVT data for the Haggis fluids at current reservoir conditions.

Reservoir Temp. 150° F

Oil API Gravity 40° API

Gas Relative Density 0.80

G.O.R. 550 scf/STB

Pb 2030 psia

Bo 1.27

Oil Viscosity 0.66 cp

Bg 0.0046

Gas Viscosity 0.022 cp

Bw 1.023

Gas Z-Factor 0.73

Water Salinity 200000 ppm

Water Viscosity 0.67 cp

Table 1: Haggis PVT Data

Haggis wells:

The Haggis field wells have an economical limit of 1500 STB Oil/d/well; i.e. producing at rates lower than that is not feasible. � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � % � # � � � � � & � � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ) * + , - . / � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � $ � � 0 ' � � � � � � � � � � "� � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � 1 2 3 4 5 � � � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � 6 � � � � � � � � � 7 � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6 � � � � � � � $ ' � 7 � � � � 8 ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( �

For information, results of a recent pressure survey from Haggis-3 are listed in Table 2.

Depth 650 1605 2590 3600 4590 5587 6490 ft TVD

Pressure 525 735 990 1292 1629 1920 2266 psia

Table 2: Haggis-3 Pressure Survey

Page 2: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Haggis-3's well parameters, and results from both well testing and production logging are summarised

in Table 3. Table 3 also contains data on Haggis-1. Haggis-3 and Haggis-1 are essentially twin wells, except that completion damage has resulted in Haggis-1 being considered the worst well in the field.

Haggis-3 Haggis-1

Oil Production Rate 4730 3930 STB/d

Water Cut 30 28 %

WH Flowing Temperature 65 61 °F

Pressure at Xmas tree 445 psia

Skin (Well Test) 2.92 7.17

P.I. (J) (Well Test) 12.36 9.11 STB/d/psi

Damaged Zone Relative

Permeability 50 25 %

Damage Zone Thickness 12 in

Crushed Zone Skin 0.100

Drainage Radius 4000 ft

Table 3: Well Data

The Scenario:

The rate of oil production decline in the Haggis field is alarming, and if no action is taken, Haggis will become uneconomical by the end of this year. The Operator of the field, Big Kahuna Oil Inc., does not accept this situation and has fired the field's former team leader for improper management of the field. Big Kahuna has hired you to improve production from the Haggis field.

Your Mission:

Big Kahuna Oil Inc. has asked you to study the field’s potential. A model has been created using the company approved software (EPS's FloSystem). A variety of production proposals have been modelled and the outcome of these simulations has been provided in graphical form. It is your job to evaluate these proposals using the all the data provided. The report should outline: A) the model used in the study, B) the potential of the base case scenario, C) your assessment of production enhancement proposals from the Haggis engineers and D) your recommendation for a project which will enhance production from Haggis.

Note: Wellflo graphs show gross production rates e.g. total production rates. Net production rates are required for the well analysis.

Page 3: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

a) Using Haggis-3 as your case study, complete the missing data in Figure 2.

b) The well Haggis-3 is used as the base case well for the Haggis field throughout this exercise. To minimise the computer time involved in simulations, the model contains only those components

that contribute significantly to the pressure drop along Haggis-3. These are shown on Table 4.

9 : ; .9 : < = : > ? : @ . @ A 9 B > . C . B D , - . ;E . ? A F G H A I� 4 � � � � � � 1 8 ( � � � � � � �2 J � � � � � � �� K � � � � � � �� � � � L � � ' � � � M � �� � � N � � � � � � � O M � �! � � � L � � ' � � � � � � �P � L � � ' � � � � ! � �M P L Q � � � � ! � � � � � Table 3: Well Data N ( � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � ) * + , - . / �K � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � RS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S ST U < V W X

� 7 � � � 4 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � ( ' � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � # � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � ) * + , - . Y � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ZS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S T U W X� � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Z� 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S2 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S ST U < V W X

d) The Big Kahuna Oil Inc. is unfamiliar with the concept of nodal analysis used in this flow simulation. You are asked to explain the process and the conditions for flow stability.

The inflow-outflow diagram below is for Haggis-3 at 30% water cut and utilising an appropriate flow correlation.

Page 4: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field [ \ ] ^ _ `

[ \ ] ^ _ ab c d e f gb c d e f ab c d e f [

b c d e f `b c d e f h

Diagram 1: Haggis-3 base case

Curve A represents the _________________________________________________. Curve B represents the _________________________________________________. The reservoir pressure is _____________psia (Point______).

The_________________ IPR model was used to produce this curve. Why was this chosen? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Point ______ represents the operating point. The operating point is [stable/unstable]. Explain: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Nodal analysis may be carried out at any point in the producing system. In this report, the analysis was carried out to find the operating point at the sandface (see above diagram). Other typical examples of nodes selected during completion design are: 1)__________________________________________________________to evaluate _________________________________________________________________________________

2)__________________________________________________________to evaluate _________________________________________________________________________________

[11.5%]

Page 5: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

As a good manager, the first thing you have to do is evaluate the potential of what you have at the moment. To achieve that, you must determine what effect the decline in reservoir pressure and the increase in water cut will have on Haggis-3's production if nothing is done to improve its production. In other words, determine the reservoir pressure and the water cut at which Haggis-3 will becomes uneconomical to produce under the current production scenario.

� 7 & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � " � � � ( ' � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � (� � � � � � $ � � � � � � K � i � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' # ) * + , - . D j B k l k m B @ ; ; " � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � ' � � � ( ( � � � � � � � n B l o . V pPRes.

WC 2800 2700 2600 2500 psia

30% 4770

35%

40%

45%

Table 5: Haggis-3 Production Forecast

[4%]

' 7 q � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � r � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � � � � � � � � ' #� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( " # � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � s � � � � � � � � � ( � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 2 M � � � � � � � ) * + , - . V � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � " � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � #6 � � � � t u 4 v 5 7 � � ( � w � ( � ( � � � � � � � � � S S S S S S S S S S S S " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �S S S S S S S S S S S S u 4 v 5 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � � � � u � � � N � � � � � � � � � � " � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � N � � ' � � ( � � � � �x y z { | } ~ � � | � ~ � � � � y � { � � ~ y� | � z } � � � � } � � � y � ~ � { � | � z �� � � � | � z } � � �� | � z � | � z � 7 K � � � � � � � � � � � s � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � " # � � w � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � ( � � � � � � $ � � 4 � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � ( � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � $ � � L� � � � � � � � � � � Q � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � �0 � � � � � � � � Z� 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S �2 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S �5 � � � � � � � � � � � Z� 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S �2 7 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S �

[5%]

Page 6: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

d) A sensitivity study is outlined in Figures 6a, b and c for three plugging-off policies. Based on the advantages and disadvantages you identified above, the most advantageous plugging off policy is:____________________________________________________. The minimum open interval at which Haggis-3 will produce economically under this policy is ________________________ft.

[2.5%]

You phone management and convince them to fund the pressure maintenance scheme. In addition, they agree to provide a budget for an extra project to improve Haggis’s production. In this section you must select the best project from your engineers’ suggestions below. Since production, and thus revenue, from Haggis is greatly affected by water production form the field, Big Kahuna Oil Inc. defines the best production enhancement project for the Haggis field as the one that sustains economical production form Haggis-3 at the highest water-cut. Therefore, this should be the criterion you use to select the project you recommend to management.

C.1) Production Technology Solutions:

You walk into the team’s senior production technologist office, and give him the good news from management. He congratulates you, and immediately suggests that the project should be a production technology project. He goes on to explain that as the Haggis wells are extremely damaged, acidising all the wells make the field very profitable.

a) Determine the benefit from acidising Haggis-3 in terms of the maximum water cut at which the

acidised Haggis-3 will sustain economic production, if acidising restores the original rock

permeability. Figure 7 shows the sensitivity of Haggis-3 to water cut after acidising. The maximum water cut at which the well can produce economically is ________%. x y z { | } ~ � � | � ~ � � � � y � { � � ~ y� | � z } � � � � } � � � y � ~ � { � | � z �� � � � | � z } � � �� y ~ � ~ � ~ { �

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

b) A production model of well Haggis-1 is already available and shows that Haggis-1 will produce

economically at maximum water cuts of 50 % after acidising. What are the implications of this if it is decided to carry out a campaign in which all the Haggis wells are to be acidised? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[3.5%]

Page 7: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

c) The diagram below shows the inflow-outflow curves for Haggis-3 at the maximum economic water cut after acidising. Assuming that acidising succeeds in restoring the original rock permeability in both wells, sketch on the diagram the inflow-outflow curves for Haggis-1.

Diagram 2: Haggis-3 after acidising

[2%]

C.2) Suggestions from the Drilling Engineer:

The drilling engineer walks into your office and says that he heard that you were going around the different departments asking for ideas on how to improve the field's production. He says that he could have saved you all the trouble because he has the perfect solution. "Side-track the well", he says. He goes on to explain that, he would have gone for a horizontal well. However, since Big Kahuna have recently had bad luck with drilling horizontal sections longer than 400 ft, a 75° deviated well through the reservoir is probably the better option from a drilling point of view. a) Given the drilling department’s recent experience with horizontal wells, should you side-track

Haggis-3 to a 400 ft horizontal well running through the middle of the reservoir or propose a 75° deviated well penetrating the whole of the reservoir height? � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ( � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ) * + , - .� � � � � � P � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ) * + , - . � � � � ( ( � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ' � ' � � Z� � � ~ � { x y z { | } ~ � � | � ~ � � � � y � { � � ~ y� | � z } � � � � } � � � y � ~ � { � | � z �� � � � | � z } � � �� � � | � � � � � � � � } ~   � { � | ¡� � � | � ¢ £ ¤ ¥ z ¦ ~ | � z �

Option C2.a2 produces the better results because: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[3%]

Page 8: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

b) Given the engineering and economic factors and assumptions below, design the optimum horizontal well (to the nearest 500-ft) for the Haggis-3 side-track: Length of build-up section is: 2000 ft-MD Pay-back Time: 6 months Side-track cost: US$850 /ft-MD Price of Oil: US$15/bbl Cost of Processing and Shipping: US$8 / bbl Assumptions: 1) Economics based on un-dicounted cash flows

2) Production rate is constant for the first 6 months

3) Use Profit to Investment Ratio as measure of value, see below.

(Profit to Investment (PI) Ratio = TCS/MCO where TCS is Terminal Cash Surplus and MCO is Maximum Capital Outlay. The PI ratio is a measure of the cash surplus or profit generated for every unit of currency invested.)

Table 6 below can be completed using the results from Figure 10 and taking in account the above engineering and economic factors for drilling horizontal wells.

§ ¨ © ª « ¨ ¬ ­ ® ¯ ¯ ° ¬ ± ­ ² ³ ´ ­ µ ¶ · · ¸ · · · ¸ ¶ · · ¹ · · · ¹ ¶ · · º · · · º ¶ · · » · · ·¼ ® © ® ½ ° ­ ° ©® ¬ ¾ ¿ ¬ ª ­ À ¨ © ½ ¿ ¯ ®

Table 6:Economic analysis of sidetracking Haggis-3.

(In the space above, enter the parameter, formulas used and intermediate working) Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ç Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ì Ï Ë Ì Ì Ï Í Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ò Ó Ò Ï Ð Ô Ç Õ Ð È Ì Ë Ö Î Í Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ö Í È × Ì Ï Ø Ð Ô Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û Ç Î Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ø Ì Ý Ù Ð Þ Í ß Í Ô àá â Ê Ë Ô Í Ø Ó Ö Ö â Ë È Ë Ö â Î Ç È × Ì Ï Í Í Ê Ð È Ð Ò Ç Ê Ð Ó Ì Ê Ð Ò Í Ë È É Ì Í Ê Ï È Ç Ê Ë Ö Ë Î Ñ Í Ê Ì Î Ð Ø Ì Ï Í É Í Î Ç × È à Þ Ï Ë Ì Ð Ì Ï Í ÔÊ Ð È Ê Ö Ó Î Ç Ð È Ê Ð Ó Ö É á Í É Ô Ë Þ È ã_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 9: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

c) Determine the benefit from side-tracking Haggis-3 in terms of the maximum water cut you can economically produce the well with if it was side-tracked to the optimal horizontal length determined above.

ä Ø Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û Ç Î Î Ç É Í Ì Ô Ë Ê å Í É Ì Ð Ì Ï Í Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ò Ë Ö Ï Ð Ô Ç Õ Ð È Ì Ë Ö Ö Í È × Ì Ï à Ì Ï Í È Ì Ï Í Ò Ë æ Ç Ò Ó Ò Þ Ë Ì Í Ô Ú Ê Ó Ì Ë Ì Þ Ï Ç Ê ÏÌ Ï Í Þ Í Ö Ö Þ Ç Ö Ö Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Í Í Ê Ð È Ð Ò Ç Ê Ë Ö Ö â Ç Î Ü Ü Ü Ü ç Ý è é ê ë ì í Å î î ïð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò �� � � ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ� ÷ õ ö � ÷ ó þ ô ý ò (Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[15%]

C.3) Another Production Technology Suggestion: Artificial Lift Ø Ì Í Ô Ö Ó È Ê Ï à Ù Ë × × Ç Î � Î Î Í È Ç Ð Ô Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ì Í Ê Ï È Ð Ö Ð × Ç Î Ì Î Ì Í Ñ Î Ç È Ì Ð â Ð Ó Ô Ð Ø Ø Ç Ê Í Ý Ù Í Î Ë â Î Ì Ï Ë Ì Þ Ï Ç Ö Í Ï ÍÞ Ë Î Ï Ë ß Ç È × Ö Ó È Ê Ï à Ï Í Ô Í Ò Í Ò á Í Ô Í É Ì Ï Ë Ì � Ç × Ë Ï Ó È Ë Ï Ë Î á Í Í È � Ó Ç Ì Í Î Ó Ê Ê Í Î Î Ø Ó Ö Ó Î Ç È × � Ö Í Ê Ì Ô Ç Ê� Ó á Ò Í Ô Î Ç á Ö Í � Ó Ò Ñ Î è � � � � Î ï Ç È Ì Ï Í È Í Ë Ô á â � Ë Ì Ì Ç Í Î Ø Ç Í Ö É Ý É É Ç Ì Ç Ð È Ë Ö Ö â à Ï Í Î Ë â Î Ì Ï Ë Ì × Ë Î Ö Ç Ø Ì Ò Ë â á ÍË È Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ð È Ë Î Ì Ï Í Þ Í Ö Ö Ï Ë Î Ë Ï Ç × Ï � ä Ë È É Ì Ï Í � Ç × Ë Ï Ó È Ë Ï Ë Î Î Ó Ø Ø Ç Ê Ç Í È Ì × Ë Î Î Ó Ñ Ñ Ö â Ø Ô Ð Ò Ë È Ð Ì Ï Í ÔÈ Í Ë Ô á â Ø Ç Í Ö É Ý Ù Í Î Ë â Î Ì Ï Ë Ì Ï Í Ç Î Ë Þ Ë Ô Í Ð Ø Ì Ï Í É Ô Ç Ö Ö Ç È × É Í Ñ Ë Ô Ì Ò Í È Ì Î Ó × × Í Î Ì Ç È × Ë Î Ö Ë È Ì Í É Þ Í Ö Ö à á Ó ÌÇ È Î Ì Ë Ö Ö Ç È × Ë Ô Ì Ç Ø Ç Ê Ç Ë Ö Ö Ç Ø Ì Þ Ç Ö Ö á Í � Ó Ç Ê å Í Ô Ë È É Ê Ï Í Ë Ñ Í Ô Ì Ï Ë È Î Ç É Í Ì Ô Ë Ê å Ç È × Ì Ï Í Þ Í Ö Ö Ý Ù Í Î Ó × × Í Î Ì ÎÇ È ß Í Î Ì Ç × Ë Ì Ç È × Ì Ï Í Ç È Î Ì Ë Ö Ö Ë Ì Ç Ð È Ð Ø Ë È Ë Ô Ì Ç Ø Ç Ê Ç Ë Ö Ö Ç Ø Ì Î Ê Ï Í Ò Í Þ Ç Ì Ï Ë Ì Ë Ô × Í Ì Ö Ç � Ó Ç É Ô Ë Ì Í Ð Ø � � � � � � � � É Ý � � � � � � � � � � � ! � " � # $ % & � ' ! % � � ( $ & ) '

a) The Big Kahuna has had success with the following Centrilift pumps in the North Sea.

Pump * + , + íCable Size

GC 8200 562 Series #1

HC 7000 562 Series #1

HC 9000 562 Series #2

KC 12000 562 Series #2

Given the current conditions choose the optimum pump for Haggis-3 gÇ ß Í È Ì Ï Í É Í Ì Ë Ç Ö Î Ë È ÉÍ È × Ç È Í Í Ô Ç È × Ë Î Î Ó Ò Ñ Ì Ç Ð È Î á Í Ö Ð Þ à

Pump Types: Centrilift Setting Depth: 5000ft Minimum Equipment OD: 5”

Maximum Equipment OD: 6.8”

Platform Electricity Supply Frequency: 60Hz

Assumptions:

1) Production tubing is unaltered.

2) No wear on Pump or motor i.e. wear

factor is 1.

3) Efficiency of the gas separator is 100%

i.e. separator efficiency is 1.

4) Viscosity and gassiness corrections are

used.

é ê ë ì í Å - î . Â / Ã Î Ï Ð Þ Ì Ï Í Ñ Í Ô Ø Ð Ô Ò Ë È Ê Í Ñ Ö Ð Ì Î Ð Ø Ì Ï Í Ñ Ó Ò Ñ Î Ë Ì Ê Ó Ô Ô Í È Ì Ê Ð È É Ç Ì Ç Ð È Î Ý � Ï Í Ò Ð Î ÌÎ Ó Ç Ì Ë á Ö Í Ñ Ó Ò Ñ Ð Ø Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û × Ç ß Í È Ì Ï Í Ñ Ô Í Î Í È Ì Ê Ð È É Ç Ì Ç Ð È Î Ç Î Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ý

Page 10: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field � Ï Ç Î Ñ Ó Ò Ñ Ç Î Ì Ï Í Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ò Ó Ò Ê Ï Ð Ç Ê Í á Í Ê Ë Ó Î ÍÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ý0 1 2 3

b) As water production is the limiting factor, the production technologist suggests halting water

injection and allowing the reservoir pressure to drop. Determine which pump would be

suitable in these conditions. Figures 13 a-d and Table C.3 are designed to assist you with that

determination.

PRes.

Pump 2800 2600 2400 2200 Psia

GC 8200

HC 7000

HC 9000

KC 12000

Table C.3: Haggis-3 Production Forecast with ESP installed,

** denotes rate outwith the operating range of the pump.

Ê Ê Ð Ô É Ç È × Ì Ð � Ë á Ö Í 4 Ý Û Ì Ï Í Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ò Ó Ò � � � Ø Ð Ô Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û Ø Ð Ô É Í Ê Ö Ç È Ç È × Ô Í Î Í Ô ß Ð Ç Ô Ñ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í Ç ÎÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü à Ë Ì Ë Þ Ë Ì Í Ô Ê Ó Ì Ð Ø Û � ç ÝThis pump is the optimum choice because

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________.

[5%]

c) Determine the benefit from installing an ESP in Haggis-3 using Figure 14 in terms of the

maximum water-cut at which the optimised pump will sustain economic production prior to

suspending water injection (i.e. no depletion, reservoir pressure 2800psia). ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò �� � � ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ5 6 þ ö ú ö 7 ò � ü ð �

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[1.5%]

Page 11: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field � � � � 8 � 9 " ' : ! ; � < � ' ! = >Ë ï

A gas lift design for Haggis-3 is undertaken based on current conditions Ë È É Í È × Ç È Í Í Ô Ç È ×Ë Î Î Ó Ò Ñ Ì Ç Ð È Î � É Í Ì Ë Ç Ö Î Ð Ó Ì Ö Ç È Í É á Í Ö Ð Þ à

Max casing head pressure: 1200 psi

Gas available for injection: 20MM scf/d

Injected gas gravity: 0.6

Setting depth: 3900 ft

Valve differential pressure: 100 psia

Minimum spacing: 450 ft

“Kill” brine density: 0.465 psi / ft

Minimum safety margin (see A on diagram)

50 psi

Assumptions:

1) Production tubing is unaltered.

2) Unload the tubing full of static fluid

against the well head pressure (i.e. static

fluid to 0ft MD).

3) No transfer margin is required.

The gas lift design is shown below (Diagram 3). Note briefly on the diagram the roles of the

different valves in the design. The upper valves should be OPEN/CLOSED when assessing gas

lift capabilities during field life.

? ê Â ë í Â @ 1 A B Ë Î Ö Ç Ø Ì É Í Î Ç × È Ø Ð Ô Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û [3%]

Page 12: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

b) Determine the optimum injection rate as the reservoir pressure declines from Figure 15 and

summarise the results in Table C.4.

PRes.

2800 2600 2400 2200 2000 Psia

Optimum

injection rate

MMscf/day

Table C.4: Optimum gas injection rate for Haggis-3. � Ï Í Ô Í � Ó Ç Ô Í É × Ë Î Ç È C Í Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ô Ë Ì Í Ø Ð Ô Ì Ï Í É Í Î Ç × È Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ô Ë Ì Í Ç Î Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ý � Ï Í Ê Ô Ç Ì Í Ô Ç Ë Ó Î Í É Ì Ð Ê Ï Ð Ð Î Í Ì Ï Í Ð Ñ Ì Ç Ò Ó Ò Ç È C Í Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ô Ë Ì Í Ë Ô ÍÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ý

Higher injection rates do not improve production as the reservoir declines because

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

[8%]

c) The gas lift scheme is redesigned using the optimum gas injection rate for a reservoir pressure

of 2800 psia. Determine the benefit from installing Gas Lift in Haggis-3 in terms of the

maximum water-cut at which the optimised injection rate will sustain economic production

using Figure 16.

ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò �� � � ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ5 6 þ ö ú ö 7 ò � D ô 7 E ö F þ

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[2%]

C.4) Suggestions from the Facilities Engineer:

The gentleman behind you introduces himself as the Haggis field's facilities engineer when you are

walking to your car after a long day at the office. He shares with you a very interesting discovery he

made today. He explains that if you agree to provide a dedicated line from the Haggis wells to the

low-pressure separator, you can lower the average Xmas tree pressure to only 100 psia. He points out

that suggestions from the other department have large uncertainties associated with them since they

deal with the subsurface. His suggestion is simple, neat and will solve the field's problems.

Page 13: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field Ë ï 4 Ð È Î Ç É Í Ô Ì Ï Í á Ë Î Í Ê Ë Î Í Ç È Ø Ö Ð Þ Ú Ð Ó Ì Ø Ö Ð Þ É Ç Ë × Ô Ë Ò Ø Ð Ô Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û á Í Ö Ð Þ Ý � å Í Ì Ê Ï Ð È Ì Ï Í É Ç Ë × Ô Ë Ò Ï Ð ÞÌ Ï Í á Ë Î Í Ê Ë Î Í Ê Ó Ô ß Í Î Þ Ð Ó Ö É Ë Ö Ì Í Ô Ç Ø Ì Ï Í Þ Í Ö Ö Ï Í Ë É Ñ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í Þ Í Ô Í É Í Ê Ô Í Ë Î Í É Ý

? ê Â ë í Â @ G A Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û á Ë Î Í Ê Ë Î Í[2%]

á ï � ß Ë Ö Ó Ë Ì Í Ì Ï Í á Í È Í Ø Ç Ì Î Ð Ø Ö Ð Þ Í Ô Ç È × Ì Ï Í H Ò Ë Î Ì Ô Í Í Ñ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í à Ç È Ì Í Ô Ò Î Ð Ø Ì Ï Í Ò Ë æ Ç Ò Ó Ò Þ Ë Ì Í Ô Ú Ê Ó Ì â Ð ÓÊ Ë È Í Ê Ð È Ð Ò Ç Ê Ë Ö Ö â Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Í Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û Þ Ç Ì Ï Ë Ø Ì Í Ô Ì Ï Í H Ò Ë Î Ì Ô Í Í Ñ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í Ç Î Ö Ð Þ Í Ô Í É Ì Ð I � � Ñ Î Ç Ë Ýä Ø Ì Ï Í Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Ì Ç Ð È Ø Ë Ê Ç Ö Ç Ì Ç Í Î Ð È Ì Ï Í Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ñ Ö Ë Ì Ø Ð Ô Ò Ê Ë È á Í Ò Ð É Ç Ø Ç Í É Ì Ð Ë Ö Ö Ð Þ Ì Ï Í H Ò Ë Î Ì Ô Í ÍÑ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í Ð Ø Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û Ì Ð á Í Ö Ð Þ Í Ô Í É Ì Ð I � � � Î Ç Ë à Ì Ï Í È Ì Ï Í Ò Ë æ Ç Ò Ó Ò Þ Ë Ì Í Ô Ú Ê Ó Ì Ë Ì Þ Ï Ç Ê Ï Ì Ï Í Þ Í Ö ÖÞ Ç Ö Ö Ñ Ô Ð É Ó Ê Í Í Ê Ð È Ð Ò Ç Ê Ë Ö Ö â Þ Ç Ö Ö á Í Ê Ð Ò Í Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ç Ý è � Í Í é ê ë ì í Å î J ïð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò � � � �ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þE ÷ K ò õ ö ó L M ú ô 7N õ ò ò � õ ò 7 7 è O Î Í Ì Ï Ç Î Ô Í Î Ó Ö Ì Ì Ð Ê Ð Ò Ñ Ë Ô Í Ì Ï Í á Í È Í Ø Ç Ì Î Ø Ô Ð Ò Ì Ï Ç Î Ñ Ô Ð C Í Ê Ì Ì Ð Ì Ï Í Ð Ì Ï Í Ô Ñ Ô Ð Ñ Ð Î Í É Ñ Ô Ð C Í Ê Ì Î à Ë È É Ë Î Ëá Ë Î Ç Î Ø Ð Ô â Ð Ó Ô Ô Í Ê Ð Ò Ò Í È É Ë Ì Ç Ð È Î Ç È Î Í Ê Ì Ç Ð È P ï ÝÊ ï Q Ç Î Ì R Ë É ß Ë È Ì Ë × Í Î Ë È É R É Ç Î Ë É ß Ë È Ì Ë × Í Î Ð Ø Ì Ï Ç Î Î Ê Ï Í Ò Í Ý É ß Ë È Ì Ë × Í ÎI ï Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜR ï Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜË È É É Ç Î Ë É ß Ë È Ì Ë × Í ÎÛ ï Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜS ï Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü

[5%]

Page 14: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Ë ïAssess the production enhancement projects proposed by the Haggis field engineers in section C

above and compare them to one another and to the base case scenario. Bear in mind that Big

Kahuna Inc. has set the ranking criteria for these projects to be the maximum water-cut at which

Haggis-3 can sustain economic production (i.e. > 1500 STB oil/d).Á Â Ã Ä Å T á Í Ö Ð Þ Î Ó Ò Ò Ë Ô Ç Î Í Î Ì Ï Í Ô Í Î Ó Ö Ì Î Ø Ô Ð Ò Ì Ï Í ß Ë Ô Ç Ð Ó Î Î Ç Ò Ó Ö Ë Ì Ç Ð È Î Ê Ë Ô Ô Ç Í É Ð Ó Ì Ð È Ì Ï Í Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú ÛÞ Í Ö Ö Ý ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò � � � �ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þU ô 7 ò ÿ ô 7 òV ñ ö � ö 7 ö ó LW X Y Z ò [ ö ô þ ò � ý ò 5 6 þ ö ú û ú � ÷ õ ö � ÷ ó þ ô ý ò 5 6 þ ö ú û ú ü ð �5 6 þ ö ú û ú D ô 7 E ö F þE ÷ K ò õ ö ó L M ú ô 7 N õ ò ò� õ ò 7 7 û õ ò þ ÷ \ � � 6 7 ö ô Á Â Ã Ä Å T A Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û � Ô Ð É Ó Ê Ì Ç Ð È ] Ð Ô Í Ê Ë Î Ì [2.5%]

b) Recommend to management a plan of action which either recommends maintaining the base case

scenario or executes one of the proposed projects.

� Ë Î Í É Ð È Ì Ï Í ^ Í Ö Ö ] Ö Ð Î Ç Ò Ó Ö Ë Ì Ç Ð È Î Ë È É Ò â Ë Î Î Í Î Î Ò Í È Ì Ð Ø Ì Ï Í Ò à ä Ô Í Ê Ð Ò Ò Í È É Ì Ï Ë Ì � Ç × Ë Ï Ó È Ë ä È Ê ÝÇ È ß Í Î Ì Ç È Ë Þ Ë Ì Í Ô Ç È C Í Ê Ì Ç Ð È Î Ê Ï Í Ò Í Ì Ð Ò Ë Ç È Ì Ë Ç È Ù Ë × × Ç Î � Î Ô Í Î Í Ô ß Ð Ç Ô Ñ Ô Í Î Î Ó Ô Í Ë Ì R _ � � Ñ Î Ç Ë Ý ä ÈË É É Ç Ì Ç Ð È à ä Ô Í Ê Ð Ò Ò Í È É Ì Ï Ë Ì � Ç × Ë Ï Ó È Ë Ë É Ð Ñ Ì Î ` a b c d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d e f g h c i a j k g k c g la b c e f g h c i a m n k o c m a n p q a c r q s g o c t á Í Ê Ë Ó Î Í uÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü ÜÜ Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ü Ý [5%]

3) A number of risks have been overlooked in this assessment since the maximum water cut at which

the wells will flow at an economic rate has been used as the ranking criteria for the above projects.

These risks add to the uncertainty of achieving the results on which your recommendation was

based. As the Haggis field team leader it is your duty to report and account for these risks to

management.

Complete Table 9 below which should identify three major risks that have been overlooked by

this assessment. Briefly explain how each one could add to the uncertainty of the assessment and

prescribe steps that need to be taken to account for their effects.

Page 15: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Risk/Uncertainty How this adds uncertainty to

above assessment?

Steps that can be taken to account for

/ minimise this uncertainty

1)

2)

3)

Á Â Ã Ä Å v A Ù Ë × × Ç Î Ú Û � Ô Ð É Ó Ê Ì Ç Ð È ] Ð Ô Í Ê Ë Î Ì

[9%]

Page 16: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 17: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 18: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 19: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � # � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z ; � z { � z � � " � ! z > �

Page 20: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � | " � : " y � ) � ' ' $ � } 8 ~ � � ) ' ! " � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 21: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � | % � : " y � ) � ' ' $ � } 8 � � � ) ' ! " � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 22: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � | � � : " y � ) � ' ' $ � } 8 � � � ) ' ! " � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 23: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � | � � : " y � ) � ' ' $ � } 8 � � � ) ' ! " � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 24: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � : " y � ) � ' ' $ � } 8 ~ � � ) ' ! " � & " � ! & $ & � � z > z & ! � { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 25: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ( � $ = = ! > = z ; ; ) z � ! � ! � 'w ! = $ � � " � ( � $ = z ; ; " � � � � { " � � � $ � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z z ) � > ! > � � x " � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 26: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � % � ( � $ = z ; ; " � | � � { " � � � $ � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z z ) � > ! > � � x " � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 27: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � � ( � $ = z ; ; " � | ~ � { " � � � $ � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z z ) � > ! > � � x " � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 28: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � � " = = ! ' � � " ; � � " � ! � ! ' ! > = � � � = � � " & " = � � z > � ) � & � " % ! � ! � y 8 � � & < � �' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 29: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � ~ � | � � ; � � z ! � z > � " � { � � � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 30: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � � � � � x ! " � � � { � � � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 31: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � � � z ! � z > � " � { � � � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z � ; ; � � � ! x � � � > = � � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 32: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field w ! = $ � � � � � ) � ! & $ & � z ! � z > � " � { � � � � ' � > ' ! � ! x ! � y � z { " � � � $ � �

� ) � " � ! > = ) z ! > � � = ! z >

Page 33: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field é ê ë ì í Å î . Â A � Å í � + í @ Â � � Å � ì í � Å - � + í � � � � � T . � � Â � � � � J � � �

é ê ë ì í Å î . Ã A � Å í � + í @ Â � � Å � ì í � Å - � + í � � � � � v � � � Â � � � � î . � � �

Page 34: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field � � � �   ¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª ª « ¬ ¡ ­ ¬ � ® � ¯ � ® ° ® ±   ¡ ¬ ¡   ¯ ± �   ²   ¡ ¬ ¬ �   ¡

³ ² ¡   ¤ ® � ­ � ² ± � ­ ®   ¡ � � ± ­

Page 35: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿ À Á Á Á Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È ¸ ¹ Ã ¹ ¸ Æ È µ ¸ É ¸ ¹ Ã Ã · ¸ ¹ Ê

³ ² ¡   ¤ ® � ­ � ² ± � ­ ®   ¡ � � ± ­

Page 36: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » Ë ½ ¾ ¿ Ì Á Á Á Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È ¸ ¹ Ã ¹ ¸ Æ È µ ¸ É ¸ ¹ Ã Ã · ¸ ¹ Ê

Í É ¹ ¸ Î Å µ Ä ¶ É È µ Ä Å ¸ ¹ ¶ µ È Ä

Page 37: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » Ï ½ Ð ¿ º Ñ Á Á Á Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È ¸ ¹ Ã ¹ ¸ Æ È µ ¸ É ¸ ¹ Ã Ã · ¸ ¹ Ê

Í É ¹ ¸ Î Å µ Ä ¶ É È µ Ä Å ¸ ¹ ¶ µ È Ä

Page 38: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º Ò ½ Í É Å µ Ó · Ó Ô Õ Ö Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È × Î Å ¹ ¸ Ë · Å Ê

³ ² ¡   ¤ ® � ­ � ² ± � ­ ®   ¡ � � ± ­

Page 39: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Figure 15: Performance analysis of the gas lift design, sensitivity to reservoir pressure and gas

injection rate.

Page 40: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º Ø ½ Í É Å µ Ó · Ó ¶ Î Ã Ù µ Ú Å Ï ¹ Ã µ ¶ Ä Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È × Î Å ¹ ¸ Ë · Å Ê

³ ² ¡   ¤ ® � ­ � ² ± � ­ ®   ¡ � � ± ­

Page 41: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º À ½ º Á Á É Ã µ Î × ¹ Ù Ù Û ¹ Î Ï É ¸ ¹ Ã Ã · ¸ ¹ Â Ã ¹ Ä Ã µ Å µ Æ µ Å Ç Å È × Î Å ¹ ¸ Ë · Å Ê

Í É ¹ ¸ Î Å µ Ä ¶ É È µ Ä Å ¸ ¹ ¶ µ È Ä

Page 42: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU
Page 43: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

Ü Ý Þ ß à á â ã ä å æ ç ß è â ç ç Þ ß ß å è æ é ß â ê Þ ë ì ß í ç î æ å ã ß é ß ã ç æ î ç í ã ß ï â ç î ð ß ñ ß î ò Þ ç î å ò ñ î ç Þ ã ß í ó ß ê ç ç æ ç Þ ß ê æ á ó ï ß ç ßß ô ß ã ê î í ßõ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ ö ÿ þ � ù ú ù ú � ú ù ù ú � � � ö � � þ ú � ú � � ü � ù ú � � � ÿ ú � � � � þ ú ú � � � � � þ ú ú � ú ù ÿ ö û ú

Page 44: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ! � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � " � # � � � � � $ � % � � � � � � $ � � # � � � � $ � � � � $ � � � & � � $� � # � � � � ' � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � " ! & � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � & � � � � � � & � � � � '( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

) � � � � * + � � � , � � - � � � � � � . � � � � � � � � / $ � � � � 0 1 " � ' � � � � � �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Ñ Á Ê º Ê » \ � � � � � � � � # � & � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ] � � � � � � � � ^ � � � ] � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � ^ \ � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � - � � � � # � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � �� � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � _ Í Å Û ¹ ¸ Å ¹ à Š` � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � % � � & � � � � � � � � � � � �, � � - � � � � � � _ a Ä Ú Î µ ¸ Ó ¹ Î Ä Ã ` � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � - � � � � # � Ñ Á Ê º Ê Ò \ � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # $ � & � # � � � � � �� � � � & & � � � � $ � & � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � - � & � � � Ñ Á Ê Ñ ¿ Í Ö b c d eÑ Á Ê Ñ Ê º ¿ È É Ç µ Ä ¶ � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � & � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � # � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

Page 45: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field Ñ Á Ê Ñ Ê » f 8 A > : : 8 9 7 ; 5 ? > 9 5 > 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 4 g � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � h � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � + � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � # � � � � � � �� � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� - � � � � � & & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � i � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � �� � � � � # � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Ñ Á Ê » Ö j k e c k l c Õ mÑ Á Ê » Ê º Ö Ù Î ¶ µ Î ¸ µ Ã Ó � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � \ � � � � �� � # � � � � � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � & & � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � ] � � � � & � � # ^ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � & � # � � � � � � � & � � g � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � - & - � �� � � & � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � & � � � � � � & � � # � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � \ � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � $ � & � � � # � � � �� � - � � � � � � � � � - � � � � � � # � � � & & � � � � � � � � � n � � � � � � � � � � Ñ Á Ê » Ê » f 8 A > : : 8 9 7 ; 5 ? > 9 5 > 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 4 + � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � - & - � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � , � � � � � � & � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � # �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � $� � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � - � � � � � � � � � o � � & � � � � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � + � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � $ � � � � � � � � � � � & & � � � � � � � � � - � � � - � � & � � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Ñ Á Ê Ò ¿ Í j j a Õ c Í dÑ Á Ê Ò Ê º h & & � � � � � � - & - � � � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � - � \ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � - & - � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � + � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & & � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � $ � � � � � � � & � $ � � � � � # $ � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � - � � � � � � � � � � � � - & - � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � . � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � & � � # � � � � � � - � & � � � � � � � � � � Ñ Á Ê Ò Ê » f 8 A > : : 8 9 7 ; 5 ? > 9 5 > 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 4 p � � � � � � � & � � � � & � � � � � # � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � q � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � $� � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & & � � #� � + � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � & � � � � � � � � # � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� & & � � � �

Page 46: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

r s t u v w w x y z x t { | } v y | x y ~ � � t � t | x � � � � t � � � � x � � s t � � y t ~ � � � � z � s t � � � � s � t v x � v } v � t � | t � � s � z� � � z � � r s t z x t { | } v y | t � t { � � t | � y x � w � } t { { y v � | � t v ~ s t | � t v � � � � | � ~ � x � � x � � � � � � � x � ~ t � s t � � � x {� � � | � ~ � x � � s v y | t ~ � t v y t | � v � x | { � | � t � � v � x � ~ � t v y t x � } v � t � � � � | � ~ � x � � �

Reservoir Properties:

The Haggis sand was deposited in a turbidite environment. It is quite homogeneous with an average porosity and permeability of 22% and 200 mD, respectively. The reservoir sand, however, is isotropic with a Kv/Kh ratio of 0.1. The top of the sand was encountered at 6400 ft TVDSS, and the oil-water contact is at 6500 ft TVDSS. The reservoir is normally pressured with an initial reservoir pressure of 3300 psia and little or no aquifer support. Reservoir pressure has declined with production to 2800 psia at present. Pressure maintenance was not considered when the field was being developed. For information and for those wishing to run this exercise using a completion design software

package, Table 1 lists the PVT data for the Haggis fluids at current reservoir conditions.

Reservoir Temp. 150° F

Oil API Gravity 40° API

Gas Relative Density 0.80

G.O.R. 550 scf/STB

Pb 2030 psia

Bo 1.27

Oil Viscosity 0.66 cp

Bg 0.0046

Gas Viscosity 0.022 cp

Bw 1.023

Gas Z-Factor 0.73

Water Salinity 200000 ppm

Water Viscosity 0.67 cp

Table 1: Haggis PVT Data

Haggis wells:

The Haggis field wells have an economical limit of 1500 STB Oil/d/well; i.e. producing at rates lower than that is not feasible. u v w w x y � � } v y | � x { { t | x � � v � � � � � � � � x y � v � t � � � � t � s t ~ v y t y � � | � z � � � s x y z x t { | v y x � s v y v � t � v w t� v � v � t � t � y z � � u v w w x y } t { { y � � � � � �   ¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¦ ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ­ ¢ ® ¯ ° ® © ± ¨ ° ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¨ ¸ ¦ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¹ ¦ « « ¥ ¦ ® ­ º¤ ¥ ¦ ¹ ¦ « « ¹ ® £ § ¨ © ª « ¦ ¤ ¦ ­ ¹ ¢ ¤ ¥ ¤ ¥ ¦ £ ® © ¦ » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿ À Á ª ° ¨ ­  § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ¤  · ¢ ¬ ¯ ¦ ¬ § ® £ ¦ ­ ¢ ¬ ® ©  ­ « ¢ ¬ ¦ à ¬ ¨¢ ¬ £  « ® ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ Ä µ Å ¥ ¦ ©  ­ « ¢ ¬ ¦ § ¨ ¬ ¬ ¦ § ¤ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¹ ¦ « « ¥ ¦ ® ­ à ¨ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ £ ¦ ® ³ · ¦ ­ Ä ¤ ¨ ¤ ¥ ¦ Æ © ® £ ¤ ° ¦ ¦ ¨ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ ª « ® ¤ ± ¨ ° © µ

For information, results of a recent pressure survey from Haggis-3 are listed in Table 2.

Depth 650 1605 2590 3600 4590 5587 6490 ft TVD

Pressure 525 735 990 1292 1629 1920 2266 psia

Table 2: Haggis-3 Pressure Survey

Page 47: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Haggis-3's well parameters, and results from both well testing and production logging are summarised

in Table 3. Table 3 also contains data on Haggis-1. Haggis-3 and Haggis-1 are essentially twin wells, except that completion damage has resulted in Haggis-1 being considered the worst well in the field.

Haggis-3 Haggis-1

Oil Production Rate 4730 3930 STB/d

Water Cut 30 28 %

WH Flowing Temperature 65 61 °F

Pressure at Xmas tree 445 psia

Skin (Well Test) 2.92 7.17

P.I. (J) (Well Test) 12.36 9.11 STB/d/psi

Damaged Zone Relative

Permeability 50 25 %

Damage Zone Thickness 12 in

Crushed Zone Skin 0.100

Drainage Radius 4000 ft

Table 3: Well Data

The Scenario:

The rate of oil production decline in the Haggis field is alarming, and if no action is taken, Haggis will become uneconomical by the end of this year. The Operator of the field, Big Kahuna Oil Inc., does not accept this situation and has fired the field's former team leader for improper management of the field. Big Kahuna has hired you to improve production from the Haggis field.

Your Mission:

Big Kahuna Oil Inc. has asked you to study the field’s potential. A model has been created using the company approved software (EPS's FloSystem). A variety of production proposals have been modelled and the outcome of these simulations has been provided in graphical form. It is your job to evaluate these proposals using the all the data provided. The report should outline: A) the model used in the study, B) the potential of the base case scenario, C) your assessment of production enhancement proposals from the Haggis engineers and D) your recommendation for a project which will enhance production from Haggis.

Note: Wellflo graphs show gross production rates e.g. total production rates. Net production rates are required for the well analysis.

Page 48: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

a) Using Haggis-3 as your case study, complete the missing data in Figure 2.

b) The well Haggis-3 is used as the base case well for the Haggis field throughout this exercise. To minimise the computer time involved in simulations, the model contains only those components

that contribute significantly to the pressure drop along Haggis-3. These are shown on Table 4.

Ç È É  Ç È Ê Ë È Ì Í È Î   Î Ï Ç Ð Ì   Ñ   Ð Ò � �   ÉÓ   Í Ï Ô Õ Ö Ï ×¼ À  ¤ « ¦ ¤ ¬ ¨ ­ ¦ ½ Æ © ® £ ¤ ° ¦ ¦ ؾ Ù ¢ £ ¦ ° ´ » Ø´ Ú ¦ « « ¥ ¦ ® ­ ´ » ØÛ » µ » Ü Å Â · ¢ ¬ ¯ Ý » Ø» Þ µ ß µ Þ µ Þ µ Þ µ à Ý » Øá » µ » Ü Å Â · ¢ ¬ ¯ Û Ø Ø Øâ » Ü Å Â · ¢ ¬ ¯ » á Ø ØÝ â Ü ã ¢ ¬ ¦ ° á » ´ Ø µ » Table 3: Well Data ß ¨ © ª ® ° ¦ ¤ ¥ ¢ £ © ¨ ­ ¦ « ¤ ¨ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¦ ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ­ ¦ £ ¢ ¯ ¬ ¢ ¬ � � � � �   ¡ µÚ ¥ ¦ ¬ ¹ ¨  « ­ ¢ ¤ · ¦ ¬ ¦ § ¦ £ £ ® ° ä ¤ ¨ ¢ ¬ § «  ­ ¦ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¬ ¢ ª ª « ¦ £ ® ¬ ­ ¤  · ¢ ¬ ¯ § ¨ ¬ £ ¤ ° ¢ § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ £ ¢ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ © ¨ ­ ¦ « ­ ¦ £ ¢ ¯ ¬ åæ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æç è Ê é ê ë

§ Ä Å ¥ ¦ À  ¤ ± « ¨ ¹ §  ° ¸ ¦ ± ¨ ° ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ ¹ ® £ © ¨ ­ ¦ « « ¦ ­  £ ¢ ¬ ¯ ® ¬  © · ¦ ° ¨ ± ¹ ¦ « « ³ ì ¬ ¨ ¹ ¬ § ¨ ° ° ¦ « ® ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ £ µ Å ¥ ¦£ ¦ ¬ £ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¸ ¢ ¤ ä ® ¬ ® « ä £ ¢ £ ¢ £ £ ¥ ¨ ¹ ¬ ¢ ¬ � � � � �   í µ Å ¥ ¦ § ¨ ° ° ¦ « ® ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ¤ ¥ ® ¤ ¢ £ © ¨ £ ¤ ® ª ª ° ¨ ª ° ¢ ® ¤ ¦ ¢ £ îæ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ç è ê ëÅ ¥ ¦ ° ¦ ® ° ¦ ¤ ¹ ¨ © ® ¢ ¬ ° ¦ ® £ ¨ ¬ £ ¹ ¥ ä ¤ ¥ ¢ £ § ¨ ° ° ¦ « ® ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ¹ ® £ § ¥ ¨ £ ¦ ¬ î¼ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ¾ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æç è Ê é ê ë

d) The Big Kahuna Oil Inc. is unfamiliar with the concept of nodal analysis used in this flow simulation. You are asked to explain the process and the conditions for flow stability.

The inflow-outflow diagram below is for Haggis-3 at 30% water cut and utilising an appropriate flow correlation.

Page 49: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

ï ð ñ ò ó ôï ð ñ ò ó õö ÷ ø ù ú ûö ÷ ø ù ú õö ÷ ø ù ú ï

ö ÷ ø ù ú ôö ÷ ø ù ú ü

Diagram 1: Haggis-3 base case

Curve A represents the _________________________________________________. Curve B represents the _________________________________________________. The reservoir pressure is _____________psia (Point______).

The_________________ IPR model was used to produce this curve. Why was this chosen? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Point ______ represents the operating point. The operating point is [stable/unstable]. Explain: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Nodal analysis may be carried out at any point in the producing system. In this report, the analysis was carried out to find the operating point at the sandface (see above diagram). Other typical examples of nodes selected during completion design are: 1)__________________________________________________________to evaluate _________________________________________________________________________________

2)__________________________________________________________to evaluate _________________________________________________________________________________

[11.5%]

Page 50: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

As a good manager, the first thing you have to do is evaluate the potential of what you have at the moment. To achieve that, you must determine what effect the decline in reservoir pressure and the increase in water cut will have on Haggis-3's production if nothing is done to improve its production. In other words, determine the reservoir pressure and the water cut at which Haggis-3 will becomes uneconomical to produce under the current production scenario.

® Ä ý ¬ ¨ ° ­ ¦ ° ¤ ¨ ¦ ¸ ® « Â ® ¤ ¦ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¸ ¢ ® · ¢ « ¢ ¤ ä ¨ ± ª ° ¨ ­ Â § ¢ ¬ ¯ ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ ® £ ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ³ § Â ¤ ¢ ¬ § ° ¦ ® £ ¦ £ ® ¬ ­ ° ¦ £ ¦ ° ¸ ¨ ¢ °ª ° ¦ £ £ Â ° ¦ £ ° ¦ ­ Â § ¦ £ º ® ¬ Â © · ¦ ° ¨ ± £ ¦ ¬ £ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¸ ¢ ¤ ä ® ¬ ® « ä £ ¦ £ ¹ ¦ ° ¦ ª ¦ ° ± ¨ ° © ¦ ­ ¨ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ ª ° ¨ ­ Â § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ± ° ¨ ©² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ Â £ ¢ ¬ ¯ Ú ¦ « « þ « ¨ µ Å ¥ ¦ £ ¦ £ ¦ ¬ £ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¸ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¦ £ ® ° ¦ ¢ « « Â £ ¤ ° ® ¤ ¦ ­ · ä � � � � �   Ò ÿ Ð � � � � Ð Î É É º ® ¬ ­ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¢ °° ¦ £ Â « ¤ £ £ ¥ ¨ Â « ­ · ¦ £ Â © © ® ° ¢ £ ¦ ­ ¢ ¬ � Ð � �   é �PRes.

WC 2800 2700 2600 2500 psia

30% 4770

35%

40%

45%

Table 5: Haggis-3 Production Forecast

[4%]

· Ä � ¨  ­ ¢ £ §  £ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ £ ¦ ± ¢ ¯  ° ¦ £ ¹ ¢ ¤ ¥ ¤ ¥ ¦ ± ¢ ¦ « ­ � £ ¦ ¬ ¯ ¢ ¬ ¦ ¦ ° £ µ Þ ¢ ¬ § ¦ ® ° ¤ ¢ ± ¢ § ¢ ® « « ¢ ± ¤ § ® ¬ ¬ ¨ ¤ · ¦ £  ª ª ¨ ° ¤ ¦ ­ · ä¤ ¥ ¦ ª ° ¨ ­  § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ± ® § ¢ « ¢ ¤ ¢ ¦ £ ¨ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ª « ® ¤ ± ¨ ° © º ä ¨  ® ¯ ° ¦ ¦ ¹ ¢ ¤ ¥ ä ¨  ° ¦ ¬ ¯ ¢ ¬ ¦ ¦ ° £ ¤ ¥ ® ¤ ä ¨  ¥ ® ¸ ¦ ¤ ¨£ ¤ ® ° ¤ ® ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ¢ ¬ � ¦ § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ £ § ¥ ¦ © ¦ ¤ ¨ © ® ¢ ¬ ¤ ® ¢ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ ° ¦ £ ¦ ° ¸ ¨ ¢ ° ª ° ¦ £ £  ° ¦ ® ¤ ¾ Ý Ø Ø ª £ ¢ ® µ � � � � �   é £ ¥ ¨ ¹ £ ¤ ¥ ¦¹ ¦ « « £ ¦ ¬ £ ¢ ¤ ¢ ¸ ¢ ¤ ä ¤ ¨ ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° §  ¤ µ ¬ ­ ¦ ° ¤ ¥ ¦ £ ¦ § ¢ ° §  © £ ¤ ® ¬ § ¦ £ º ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ ¹ ¢ « « ª ° ¨ ­  § ¦ ¦ § ¨ ¬ ¨ © ¢ § ® « « äà ¼ » Ø Ø � À � Á Ä ® ¤ © ® ¢ ©  © ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° §  ¤ ¨ ± æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ º ® ¬ ­ ® ¤ ® ¬ ¨ ¢ « ª ° ¨ ­  § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ° ® ¤ ¦ ¨ ±æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ � À � Á µ Å ¥ ¢ £ ¢ £ § ¨ ¬ £ ¢ ­ ¦ ° ¦ ­ ¤ ¨ · ¦ ¤ ¥ ¦ � ® £ ¦ ß ® £ ¦ £ § ¦ ¬ ® ° ¢ ¨ º ® ¯ ® ¢ ¬ £ ¤ ¹ ¥ ¢ § ¥ ® « « ¨ ¤ ¥ ¦ °£ § ¥ ¦ © ¦ £ ¢ ¬ £ ¦ § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ß ¹ ¢ « « · ¦ § ¨ © ª ® ° ¦ ­ µ� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � !" # $ � � � � � � � �% � & � � � & � § Ä Ú ¢ ¤ ¥ ® ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ¢ ¬ � ¦ § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ £ § ¥ ¦ © ¦ ¢ ¬ ª « ® § ¦ º ä ¨  ¦ ª ¦ § ¤ ¤ ¨ ± ® § ¦ ¦ ¸ ¦ ¬ © ¨ ° ¦ £ ¦ ¸ ¦ ° ¦ ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ª ° ¨ ­  § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬± ° ¨ © ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ µ À ¬ ¦ ¹ ® ä ¨ ± ­ ¦ ® « ¢ ¬ ¯ ¹ ¢ ¤ ¥ £  § ¥ ® ª ° ¨ · « ¦ © ¢ £ ¤ ¨ ª «  ¯ ³ ¨ ± ± ' ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ¦ ­ ³ ¨  ¤ ܪ ¦ ° ± ¨ ° ® ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ £ µ ã ¢ £ ¤ ¤ ¹ ¨ ® ­ ¸ ® ¬ ¤ ® ¯ ¦ £ ® ¬ ­ ¤ ¹ ¨ ­ ¢ £ ® ­ ¸ ® ¬ ¤ ® ¯ ¦ £ ¨ ± ¤ ¥ ¢ £ £ § ¥ ¦ © ¦ µ¶ ­ ¸ ® ¬ ¤ ® ¯ ¦ £ î¼ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ µ¾ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ µÁ ¢ £ ® ­ ¸ ® ¬ ¤ ® ¯ ¦ £ î¼ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ µ¾ Ä æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ ææ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ æ µ

[5%]

Page 51: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

d) A sensitivity study is outlined in Figures 6a, b and c for three plugging-off policies. Based on the advantages and disadvantages you identified above, the most advantageous plugging off policy is:____________________________________________________. The minimum open interval at which Haggis-3 will produce economically under this policy is ________________________ft.

[2.5%]

You phone management and convince them to fund the pressure maintenance scheme. In addition, they agree to provide a budget for an extra project to improve Haggis’s production. In this section you must select the best project from your engineers’ suggestions below. Since production, and thus revenue, from Haggis is greatly affected by water production form the field, Big Kahuna Oil Inc. defines the best production enhancement project for the Haggis field as the one that sustains economical production form Haggis-3 at the highest water-cut. Therefore, this should be the criterion you use to select the project you recommend to management.

C.1) Production Technology Solutions:

You walk into the team’s senior production technologist office, and give him the good news from management. He congratulates you, and immediately suggests that the project should be a production technology project. He goes on to explain that as the Haggis wells are extremely damaged, acidising all the wells make the field very profitable.

a) Determine the benefit from acidising Haggis-3 in terms of the maximum water cut at which the

acidised Haggis-3 will sustain economic production, if acidising restores the original rock

permeability. Figure 7 shows the sensitivity of Haggis-3 to water cut after acidising. The maximum water cut at which the well can produce economically is ________%. � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � !" # $ � � � � � � � �( � � � � & � � )

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

b) A production model of well Haggis-1 is already available and shows that Haggis-1 will produce

economically at maximum water cuts of 50 % after acidising. What are the implications of this if it is decided to carry out a campaign in which all the Haggis wells are to be acidised? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[3.5%]

Page 52: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

c) The diagram below shows the inflow-outflow curves for Haggis-3 at the maximum economic water cut after acidising. Assuming that acidising succeeds in restoring the original rock permeability in both wells, sketch on the diagram the inflow-outflow curves for Haggis-1.

Diagram 2: Haggis-3 after acidising

[2%]

C.2) Suggestions from the Drilling Engineer:

The drilling engineer walks into your office and says that he heard that you were going around the different departments asking for ideas on how to improve the field's production. He says that he could have saved you all the trouble because he has the perfect solution. "Side-track the well", he says. He goes on to explain that, he would have gone for a horizontal well. However, since Big Kahuna have recently had bad luck with drilling horizontal sections longer than 400 ft, a 75° deviated well through the reservoir is probably the better option from a drilling point of view. a) Given the drilling department’s recent experience with horizontal wells, should you side-track

Haggis-3 to a 400 ft horizontal well running through the middle of the reservoir or propose a 75° deviated well penetrating the whole of the reservoir height? Å ¥ ¦ ª ° ¨ ­  § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ ª ° ¨ ¯ ¬ ¨ £ ¢ £ ± ° ¨ © ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ £ ¢ ­ ¦ ¤ ° ® § ì ® £ ® Û Ø Ø ± ¤ ¥ ¨ ° ¢ * ¨ ¬ ¤ ® « ¹ ¦ « « ¢ £ £ ¥ ¨ ¹ ¬ ¢ ¬ � � � � �  + ¹ ¥ ¢ « ¦ ® â » , ­ ¦ ¸ ¢ ® ¤ ¦ ­ ¹ ¦ « « ¢ £ ¢ « «  £ ¤ ° ® ¤ ¦ ­ ¢ ¬ � � � � �   - µ Þ Â © © ® ° ¢ £ ¦ ¤ ¥ ¦ ° ¦ £  « ¤ £ ¢ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¤ ® · « ¦ · ¦ « ¨ ¹ î. / � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � !" # $ � � � � � � � �� 0 1 � 2 3 # # 4 � 5 � � � 6 � � � � 7� 0 1 � 0 8 9 : ; � < � � � � �

Option C2.a2 produces the better results because: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[3%]

Page 53: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

b) Given the engineering and economic factors and assumptions below, design the optimum horizontal well (to the nearest 500-ft) for the Haggis-3 side-track: Length of build-up section is: 2000 ft-MD Pay-back Time: 6 months Side-track cost: US$850 /ft-MD Price of Oil: US$15/bbl Cost of Processing and Shipping: US$8 / bbl Assumptions: 1) Economics based on un-dicounted cash flows

2) Production rate is constant for the first 6 months

3) Use Profit to Investment Ratio as measure of value, see below.

(Profit to Investment (PI) Ratio = TCS/MCO where TCS is Terminal Cash Surplus and MCO is Maximum Capital Outlay. The PI ratio is a measure of the cash surplus or profit generated for every unit of currency invested.)

Table 6 below can be completed using the results from Figure 10 and taking in account the above engineering and economic factors for drilling horizontal wells.

= > ? @ A > B C D E E F B G C H I J C K L M M N M M M N L M M O M M M O L M M P M M M P L M M Q M M MR D ? D S F C F ?D B T U B @ C V > ? S U E D

Table 6:Economic analysis of sidetracking Haggis-3.

(In the space above, enter the parameter, formulas used and intermediate working) � Ð � �   W ¢ ¬ ­ ¢ § ® ¤ ¦ £ ¤ ¥ ® ¤ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ª ¤ ¢ © Â © ¥ ¨ ° ¢ * ¨ ¬ ¤ ® « £ ¦ § ¤ ¢ ¨ ¬ « ¦ ¬ ¯ ¤ ¥ ± ¨ ° ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ ¢ £ æ æ æ æ æ ± ¤ µ ² ¨ ¹ ¦ ¸ ¦ ° º· ä § ® ° ¦ ± Â « « ä ® ¬ ® « ä £ ¢ ¬ ¯ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¦ § ¨ ¬ ¨ © ¢ § ¨ Â ¤ § ¨ © ¦ ® ¬ ­ ¤ ¦ § ¥ ¬ ¢ § ® « ® £ ª ¦ § ¤ £ ¨ ± ¤ ¥ ¦ ­ ¦ £ ¢ ¯ ¬ º ¹ ¥ ® ¤ ¨ ¤ ¥ ¦ °§ ¨ ¬ § « Â £ ¢ ¨ ¬ § ¨ Â « ­ · ¦ ­ ° ® ¹ ¬ å_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 54: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

c) Determine the benefit from side-tracking Haggis-3 in terms of the maximum water cut you can economically produce the well with if it was side-tracked to the optimal horizontal length determined above.

ý ± ² ® ¯ ¯ ¢ £ ³ ´ ¢ £ £ ¢ ­ ¦ ¤ ° ® § ì ¦ ­ ¤ ¨ ¤ ¥ ¦ ¨ ª ¤ ¢ © ® « ¥ ¨ ° ¢ * ¨ ¬ ¤ ® « « ¦ ¬ ¯ ¤ ¥ º ¤ ¥ ¦ ¬ ¤ ¥ ¦ © ® ¢ ©  © ¹ ® ¤ ¦ ° ³ §  ¤ ® ¤ ¹ ¥ ¢ § ¥¤ ¥ ¦ ¹ ¦ « « ¹ ¢ « « ª ° ¨ ­  § ¦ ¦ § ¨ ¬ ¨ © ¢ § ® « « ä ¢ £ æ æ æ æ X µ à Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ _ `a b c d e f g h i e j g k l k m b h d h k g bn e o c f p l o q f h r l b o g h d s e o c tu v w n e o c f p l ox h f g y h d o e z n c z z (Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[15%]

C.3) Another Production Technology Suggestion: Artificial Lift { | } ~ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ~ � � � � � � � � � � } � � � } ~ � � � � � � � � � } � } ~ � � � � } � � � � � � | | � � ~ � � ~ � � � � } � � } � � � � ~ � ~� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ~ � ~ � ~ � � ~ � ~ � } � � } � � � � � � � � � � � � � ~ ~ � � � � } ~ � � � � ~ � � | � � � � � � � � � ~ � } � � �� � � � ~ � � � � � ~ � � � � � � � � � � � ` � � } � ~ � ~ � � � � � � } } � ~ � | � ~ � � � { � � � } � � � � � � � � � ~ � � � � } � � } � � � � � | } � � � � ~� � � � } � � � � � } � ~ � ~ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � } � ~ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � | | � � � ~ � } � � � � � � � � � | � � � � � � } � ~ �� ~ � � � � | � ~ � � � � ~ � � � � } � � } � ~ � � � � � � ~ � | } � ~ � � � � � � � � � ~ � � � } � ~ � } � � � � ~ � } � � � � � � � � } ~ � � ~ � � � � � }� � � } � � � � � � � � } � | � � � � � � � | } � � � � � ~ � � � � � ~ � � � � � � ~ � � ~ � } � � � � � � ~ } � � � � � � � } � ~ � ~ � � � � ~ � � � � ~ � } �� � � ~ � } � � � } � � � } � ~ � � � } � � � � } � � � � | � � � � } � | � � � � � � � | } � � � ~ � ~ � � } � � } � � � ~ } � � � � � � � � } ~ � | �       � � � ¡ � � ¢ £ ¤ £ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¬ ­ ª ® ¨ ¯ ° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ ± · ³ ¸ ¹ ² º µ

a) The Big Kahuna has had success with the following Centrilift pumps in the North Sea.

Pump » ¼ ½ ¼ ¾ Cable Size

GC 8200 562 Series #1

HC 7000 562 Series #1

HC 9000 562 Series #2

KC 12000 562 Series #2

Given the current conditions choose the optimum pump for Haggis-3 g ¿ À Á Â Ã Ä Á Å Á Ã Æ ¿ Ç È Æ Â ÅÁ Â É ¿ Â Á Á Ê ¿ Â É Æ È È Ë Ì Í Ã ¿ Î Â È Ï Á Ç Î Ð Ñ

Pump Types: Centrilift Setting Depth: 5000ft Minimum Equipment OD: 5”

Maximum Equipment OD: 6.8”

Platform Electricity Supply Frequency: 60Hz

Assumptions:

1) Production tubing is unaltered.

2) No wear on Pump or motor i.e. wear

factor is 1.

3) Efficiency of the gas separator is 100%

i.e. separator efficiency is 1.

4) Viscosity and gassiness corrections are

used.

Ò Ó Ô Õ ¾ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü È Ä Î Ð Ã Ä Á Í Á Ê Ý Î Ê Ì Æ Â Þ Á Í Ç Î Ã È Î Ý Ã Ä Á Í Ë Ì Í È Æ Ã Þ Ë Ê Ê Á Â Ã Þ Î Â Å ¿ Ã ¿ Î Â È ß à Ä Á Ì Î È ÃÈ Ë ¿ Ã Æ Ï Ç Á Í Ë Ì Í Î Ý á Æ É É ¿ È â ã É ¿ À Á Â Ã Ä Á Í Ê Á È Á Â Ã Þ Î Â Å ¿ Ã ¿ Î Â È ¿ È ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ß

Page 55: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field à Ä ¿ È Í Ë Ì Í ¿ È Ã Ä Á Î Í Ã ¿ Ì Ë Ì Þ Ä Î ¿ Þ Á Ï Á Þ Æ Ë È Áä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ßå æ ç è

b) As water production is the limiting factor, the production technologist suggests halting water

injection and allowing the reservoir pressure to drop. Determine which pump would be

suitable in these conditions. Figures 13 a-d and Table C.3 are designed to assist you with that

determination.

PRes.

Pump 2800 2600 2400 2200 Psia

GC 8200

HC 7000

HC 9000

KC 12000

Table C.3: Haggis-3 Production Forecast with ESP installed,

** denotes rate outwith the operating range of the pump.

é Þ Þ Î Ê Å ¿ Â É Ã Î à Æ Ï Ç Á ê ß ã Ã Ä Á Î Í Ã ¿ Ì Ë Ì ë ì í Ý Î Ê á Æ É É ¿ È â ã Ý Î Ê Å Á Þ Ç ¿ Â ¿ Â É Ê Á È Á Ê À Î ¿ Ê Í Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á ¿ Èä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä Ñ Æ Ã Æ Ð Æ Ã Á Ê Þ Ë Ã Î Ý ã î ï ßThis pump is the optimum choice because

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________.

[5%]

c) Determine the benefit from installing an ESP in Haggis-3 using Figure 14 in terms of the

maximum water-cut at which the optimised pump will sustain economic production prior to

suspending water injection (i.e. no depletion, reservoir pressure 2800psia). ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò �� � � ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ� � þ ö ú ö ò � ü ð �

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[1.5%]

Page 56: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field � � � � � � µ � ¶ � � � ³ µ ¶ � �Æ � A gas lift design for Haggis-3 is undertaken based on current conditions Æ Â Å Á Â É ¿  Á Á Ê ¿  ÉÆ È È Ë Ì Í Ã ¿ Î Â È � Å Á Ã Æ ¿ Ç È Î Ë Ã Ç ¿  Á Å Ï Á Ç Î Ð Ñ

Max casing head pressure: 1200 psi

Gas available for injection: 20MM scf/d

Injected gas gravity: 0.6

Setting depth: 3900 ft

Valve differential pressure: 100 psia

Minimum spacing: 450 ft

“Kill” brine density: 0.465 psi / ft

Minimum safety margin (see A on diagram)

50 psi

Assumptions:

1) Production tubing is unaltered.

2) Unload the tubing full of static fluid

against the well head pressure (i.e. static

fluid to 0ft MD).

3) No transfer margin is required.

The gas lift design is shown below (Diagram 3). Note briefly on the diagram the roles of the

different valves in the design. The upper valves should be OPEN/CLOSED when assessing gas

lift capabilities during field life.

� Ó Ú Ô ¾ Ú � æ � � Æ È Ç ¿ Ý Ã Å Á È ¿ É Â Ý Î Ê á Æ É É ¿ È â ã [3%]

Page 57: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

b) Determine the optimum injection rate as the reservoir pressure declines from Figure 15 and

summarise the results in Table C.4.

PRes.

2800 2600 2400 2200 2000 Psia

Optimum

injection rate

MMscf/day

Table C.4: Optimum gas injection rate for Haggis-3. à Ä Á Ê Á � Ë ¿ Ê Á Å É Æ È ¿ Â � Á Þ Ã ¿ Î Â Ê Æ Ã Á Ý Î Ê Ã Ä Á Å Á È ¿ É Â Í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Ã ¿ Î Â Ê Æ Ã Á ¿ È ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ß à Ä Á Þ Ê ¿ Ã Á Ê ¿ Æ Ë È Á Å Ã Î Þ Ä Î Î È Á Ã Ä Á Î Í Ã ¿ Ì Ë Ì ¿ Â � Á Þ Ã ¿ Î Â Ê Æ Ã Á Æ Ê Áä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ß

Higher injection rates do not improve production as the reservoir declines because

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

[8%]

c) The gas lift scheme is redesigned using the optimum gas injection rate for a reservoir pressure

of 2800 psia. Determine the benefit from installing Gas Lift in Haggis-3 in terms of the

maximum water-cut at which the optimised injection rate will sustain economic production

using Figure 16.

ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò �� � � ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ� � þ ö ú ö ò � � ô ö ! þ

(Use this result to compare the benefits from this project to the other proposed projects, and

as a basis for your recommendations in section D).

[2%]

C.4) Suggestions from the Facilities Engineer:

The gentleman behind you introduces himself as the Haggis field's facilities engineer when you are

walking to your car after a long day at the office. He shares with you a very interesting discovery he

made today. He explains that if you agree to provide a dedicated line from the Haggis wells to the

low-pressure separator, you can lower the average Xmas tree pressure to only 100 psia. He points out

that suggestions from the other department have large uncertainties associated with them since they

deal with the subsurface. His suggestion is simple, neat and will solve the field's problems.

Page 58: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field Æ � ê Î Â È ¿ Å Á Ê Ã Ä Á Ï Æ È Á Þ Æ È Á ¿ Â Ý Ç Î Ð â Î Ë Ã Ý Ç Î Ð Å ¿ Æ É Ê Æ Ì Ý Î Ê á Æ É É ¿ È â ã Ï Á Ç Î Ð ß ì " Á Ã Þ Ä Î Â Ã Ä Á Å ¿ Æ É Ê Æ Ì Ä Î ÐÃ Ä Á Ï Æ È Á Þ Æ È Á Þ Ë Ê À Á È Ð Î Ë Ç Å Æ Ç Ã Á Ê ¿ Ý Ã Ä Á Ð Á Ç Ç Ä Á Æ Å Í Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á Ð Á Ê Á Å Á Þ Ê Á Æ È Á Å ß

� Ó Ú Ô ¾ Ú � # � á Æ É É ¿ È â ã Ï Æ È Á Þ Æ È Á[2%]

Ï � ë À Æ Ç Ë Æ Ã Á Ã Ä Á Ï Á  Á Ý ¿ Ã È Î Ý Ç Î Ð Á Ê ¿ Â É Ã Ä Á $ Ì Æ È Ã Ê Á Á Í Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á Ñ ¿  à Á Ê Ì È Î Ý Ã Ä Á Ì Æ % ¿ Ì Ë Ì Ð Æ Ã Á Ê â Þ Ë Ã & Î ËÞ Æ Â Á Þ Î Â Î Ì ¿ Þ Æ Ç Ç & Í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Á á Æ É É ¿ È â ã Ð ¿ Ã Ä Æ Ý Ã Á Ê Ã Ä Á $ Ì Æ È Ã Ê Á Á Í Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á ¿ È Ç Î Ð Á Ê Á Å Ã Î ' î î Í È ¿ Æ ß( Ý Ã Ä Á Í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Ã ¿ Î Â Ý Æ Þ ¿ Ç ¿ à ¿ Á È Î Â Ã Ä Á á Æ É É ¿ È Í Ç Æ Ã Ý Î Ê Ì Þ Æ Â Ï Á Ì Î Å ¿ Ý ¿ Á Å Ã Î Æ Ç Ç Î Ð Ã Ä Á $ Ì Æ È Ã Ê Á ÁÍ Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á Î Ý á Æ É É ¿ È â ã Ã Î Ï Á Ç Î Ð Á Ê Á Å Ã Î ' î î í È ¿ Æ Ñ Ã Ä Á Â Ã Ä Á Ì Æ % ¿ Ì Ë Ì Ð Æ Ã Á Ê â Þ Ë Ã Æ Ã Ð Ä ¿ Þ Ä Ã Ä Á Ð Á Ç ÇÐ ¿ Ç Ç Í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Á Á Þ Î Â Î Ì ¿ Þ Æ Ç Ç & Ð ¿ Ç Ç Ï Á Þ Î Ì Á ä ä ä ä ä ï ß ) ì Á Á Ò Ó Ô Õ ¾ Ö Ø * �ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò � � � �ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ ÷ + ò õ ö ó , - ú ô . õ ò ò � õ ò ) / È Á Ã Ä ¿ È Ê Á È Ë Ç Ã Ã Î Þ Î Ì Í Æ Ê Á Ã Ä Á Ï Á  Á Ý ¿ Ã È Ý Ê Î Ì Ã Ä ¿ È Í Ê Î � Á Þ Ã Ã Î Ã Ä Á Î Ã Ä Á Ê Í Ê Î Í Î È Á Å Í Ê Î � Á Þ Ã È Ñ Æ Â Å Æ È ÆÏ Æ È ¿ È Ý Î Ê & Î Ë Ê Ê Á Þ Î Ì Ì Á Â Å Æ Ã ¿ Î Â È ¿ Â È Á Þ Ã ¿ Î Â 0 � ßÞ � 1 ¿ È Ã 2 Æ Å À Æ Â Ã Æ É Á È Æ Â Å 2 Å ¿ È Æ Å À Æ Â Ã Æ É Á È Î Ý Ã Ä ¿ È È Þ Ä Á Ì Á ßé Å À Æ Â Ã Æ É Á È' � ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä2 � ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä äÆ Â Å Å ¿ È Æ Å À Æ Â Ã Æ É Á Èã � ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä3 � ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä

[5%]

Page 59: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Æ � Assess the production enhancement projects proposed by the Haggis field engineers in section C

above and compare them to one another and to the base case scenario. Bear in mind that Big

Kahuna Inc. has set the ranking criteria for these projects to be the maximum water-cut at which

Haggis-3 can sustain economic production (i.e. > 1500 STB oil/d).4 Ú Ü 5 Ö 6 Ï Á Ç Î Ð È Ë Ì Ì Æ Ê ¿ È Á È Ã Ä Á Ê Á È Ë Ç Ã È Ý Ê Î Ì Ã Ä Á À Æ Ê ¿ Î Ë È È ¿ Ì Ë Ç Æ Ã ¿ Î Â È Þ Æ Ê Ê ¿ Á Å Î Ë Ã Î Â Ã Ä Á á Æ É É ¿ È â ãÐ Á Ç Ç ß ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ô ù ö ú û ú ü ñ ÷ ó ÷ ú ö ñý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ � õ ÷ � û ñ þ ö ÷ ó � ô þ ò � � � �ý ô þ ò õ ÿ û þ7 ô ò ÿ ô ò8 ñ ö � ö ö ó ,9 : ; < ò = ö ô þ ò � ý ò > >� � þ ö ú û ú ? ÷ õ ö @ ÷ ó þ ô >ý ò > >� � þ ö ú û ú ü ð �� � þ ö ú û ú � ô ö ! þ ÷ + ò õ ö ó , - ú ô . õ ò ò� õ ò û õ ò þ ÷ A � � � ö ô 4 Ú Ü 5 Ö 6 � á Æ É É ¿ È â ã í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Ã ¿ Î Â B Î Ê Á Þ Æ È Ã [2.5%]

b) Recommend to management a plan of action which either recommends maintaining the base case

scenario or executes one of the proposed projects.

C Æ È Á Å Î Â Ã Ä Á D Á Ç Ç B Ç Î È ¿ Ì Ë Ç Æ Ã ¿ Î Â È Æ Â Å Ì & Æ È È Á È È Ì Á Â Ã Î Ý Ã Ä Á Ì Ñ ( Ê Á Þ Î Ì Ì Á Â Å Ã Ä Æ Ã C ¿ É E Æ Ä Ë Â Æ ( Â Þ ß¿ Â À Á È Ã ¿ Â Æ Ð Æ Ã Á Ê ¿ Â � Á Þ Ã ¿ Î Â È Þ Ä Á Ì Á Ã Î Ì Æ ¿ Â Ã Æ ¿ Â á Æ É É ¿ È F È Ê Á È Á Ê À Î ¿ Ê Í Ê Á È È Ë Ê Á Æ Ã 2 G î î Í È ¿ Æ ß ( ÂÆ Å Å ¿ Ã ¿ Î Â Ñ ( Ê Á Þ Î Ì Ì Á Â Å Ã Ä Æ Ã C ¿ É E Æ Ä Ë Â Æ Æ Å Î Í Ã È H I J K L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L M N O P K Q I R S O S K O TI J K M N O P K Q I U V S W K U I V X Y I K Z Y [ O W K \ Ï Á Þ Æ Ë È Á ]ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ää ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ä ß [5%]

3) A number of risks have been overlooked in this assessment since the maximum water cut at which

the wells will flow at an economic rate has been used as the ranking criteria for the above projects.

These risks add to the uncertainty of achieving the results on which your recommendation was

based. As the Haggis field team leader it is your duty to report and account for these risks to

management.

Complete Table 9 below which should identify three major risks that have been overlooked by

this assessment. Briefly explain how each one could add to the uncertainty of the assessment and

prescribe steps that need to be taken to account for their effects.

Page 60: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Risk/Uncertainty How this adds uncertainty to

above assessment?

Steps that can be taken to account for

/ minimise this uncertainty

1)

2)

3)

4 Ú Ü 5 Ö ^ � á Æ É É ¿ È â ã í Ê Î Å Ë Þ Ã ¿ Î Â B Î Ê Á Þ Æ È Ã

[9%]

Page 61: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 62: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 63: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field

Page 64: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ � � ` ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c � · c d e c ´ ´ ³ · � � ¶ c � �

Page 65: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ f � � � � b ³ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ g h i i º µ ¶ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 66: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ f ± � � � b ³ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ g l i i º µ ¶ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 67: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ f e � � � b ³ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ g m i i º µ ¶ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 68: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ f n � � � b ³ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ g o i i º µ ¶ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 69: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ o � � � b ³ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ g h i i º µ ¶ � j ² � p ¶ ² ¹ ² ³ e c � c ² ¶ e d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 70: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field ¸ · ¹ � � ¶ � � c � � º c · ¶ e ¶ ³ µ_ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ m � � ¸ · ¹ � c � � � � � i q d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c c º ³ � ¶ � � ³ ´ a � · �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 71: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ m ± � ¸ · ¹ � c � � � � f i q d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c c º ³ � ¶ � � ³ ´ a � · �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 72: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ m e � ¸ · ¹ � c � � � � f h q d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c c º ³ � ¶ � � ³ ´ a � · �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 73: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ l � r � � � ¶ µ s � � � � ³ ´ � e ¶ n ¶ µ ¶ � � t ³ � � � n � ² � � ³ u c � ³ º ³ ´ ² ³ � ± ¶ · ¶ � b i i ² � v jµ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 74: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ h � f i i � � w c ´ ¶ u c � � � · d ³ · · j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 75: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ x � l o n ³ a ¶ � � ³ n d ³ · · j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 76: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y i � r c ´ ¶ u c � � � · d ³ · · j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c ³ � � ³ e � ¶ a ³ · ³ � � � w �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 77: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y y � k º � ¶ ² ¹ ² w c ´ ¶ u c � � � · d ³ · · j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

Page 78: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field Ò Ó Ô Õ ¾ Ö Ø Ù Ú � z Ö ¾ { ¼ ¾ � Ú | } Ö } Õ ¾ ~ Ö × { ¼ ¾ � � z � � 6 Ù � � Ú | � � � * � � �

Ò Ó Ô Õ ¾ Ö Ø Ù Ü � z Ö ¾ { ¼ ¾ � Ú | } Ö } Õ ¾ ~ Ö × { ¼ ¾ � � z � � ^ � � � Ú | � � � Ø Ù � � �

Page 79: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field Ò Ó Ô Õ ¾ Ö Ø æ Ú � � � 6 Ù � � � × Ö | × Ó ½ Ó ~ Ó ½ � ½ ¼ ¾ Ö × Ö ¾ ~ ¼ Ó ¾ � ¾ Ö × × Õ ¾ Ö

� � Ö ¾ Ú ½ Ó | Ô � ¼ Ó | ½ ¾ Ö Ô Ó ¼ |

Page 80: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y � ± � r l i i i j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c ´ ³ µ ³ ´ a c ¶ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ �

� � Ö ¾ Ú ½ Ó | Ô � ¼ Ó | ½ ¾ Ö Ô Ó ¼ |

Page 81: The Haggis FIeld IPE HWU

The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y � e � r x i i i j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c ´ ³ µ ³ ´ a c ¶ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

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The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y � n � � y i i i j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c ´ ³ µ ³ ´ a c ¶ ´ º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

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The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y f � k º � ¶ ² ¹ ² � ` ¸ j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

� � Ö ¾ Ú ½ Ó | Ô � ¼ Ó | ½ ¾ Ö Ô Ó ¼ |

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The Haggis Field

Figure 15: Performance analysis of the gas lift design, sensitivity to reservoir pressure and gas

injection rate.

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The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y m � k º � ¶ ² ¹ ² � � µ · ¶ � � n ³ µ ¶ � � j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

� � Ö ¾ Ú ½ Ó | Ô � ¼ Ó | ½ ¾ Ö Ô Ó ¼ |

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The Haggis Field _ ¶ � ¹ ´ ³ y l � y i i º µ ¶ � d ³ · · w ³ � n º ´ ³ µ µ ¹ ´ ³ j µ ³ � µ ¶ � ¶ a ¶ � b � c d � � ³ ´ e ¹ � �

k º ³ ´ � � ¶ � � º c ¶ � � ´ ³ � ¶ c �

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