THE GLOBAL CONFLICT:

AXIS ADVANCES

Happy Birthday big guy Adolf Hitler’s Birthday April 20, 1889 121 years old

?? What you should know ??

1.) Name and describe the event that boosts British morale.

2.) What is Germany’s new “type of warfare”?

3.) Explain the outcome of Operation Sea Lion.

EARLY AXIS GAINS September 1, 1939 – The Nazi-

German forces storm into Poland.

Hitler utilizes “BLITZKRIEG” Lightning War: German planes fly

in to attack troops and civilians Next, tanks quickly roll in. Lastly, troop transports move in

to occupy. Stalin invades from the East. Within one month, Poland no

longer exists.

The Phony War “Phony War”

French troops wait along with British troops behind the MAGINOT Line.

Quiet time during winter 1939.

War ‘EXPLODES’ in April 1940. Hitler takes Norway

and Denmark. Netherlands and Belgium are next.

Hitler has his sights set on crushing France

“THE MIRACLE @ DUNKIRK” German forces were

pouring into France. The retreating British forces

were trapped between the Nazi forces pushing east and the English Channel.

Britain sends all of its naval vessels, even fishing boats, to stage a rescue of its stranded troops. Despite German air attacks

on the beach of Dunkirk. 300,000 are safely rescued

give Brits a morale boost!!

THE FALL OF FRANCE The forces of Germany

had made it to Paris. June 22, 1940 – Hitler

avenges the loss of 1918 and has eliminated the pain of Versailles. France must sign surrender

documents. Northern France is now under German control.

Some “free French” set up a government in exile. Led by Charles de Gaulle.

TECHNOLOGY OF MODERN WAR The use of Air power is

paramount. Luftwaffe – German air

force Armored tanks vastly

improved from WWI. Scientists helped to

improved capabilities of weaponry. Sonar used by submarines. Radar used by airplane

pilots.

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN With France fallen, Britain

is the next target and last democracy in West. Europe. Prime Minister Winston

Churchill will not give in. “We shall defend our island,

whatever the cost may be.” Operation Sea Lion Starting on August 12,

1940, German planes bomb southeast coast of England.

“The Blitz” is initiated.

THE BLITZ September 7, 1940 Planes bomb London for 57

straight nights (Sept. 7, 1940). Much is destroyed and 15,000

lose their lives. Citizens encouraged to go

about daily routines. Parliament continued to meet.

The King and Queen stayed too. British remain united together.

By June 1941, Operation Sea Lion was a failure.

Next Target: The Soviet Union

OPERATION BARBAROSSA June 1941, conquest of

Soviet Union is Hitler’s goal.

Must defeat his rival Stalin.

New blitzkrieg with 3 million Germans pouring into USSR. USSR lose 2.5 million

soldiers in fighting. Burn factories, crops, ect.

Just like Napoleon, the “General winter” of 1941 will be Soviets best defense.

SIEGE OF LENINGRAD 2 and-a-half year battle

for city. Citizens starved and

suffered. “jellied meat” – boiled

wallpaper Over one million

citizens die. German forces are

somewhat stopped.

AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT GROWS Lend-Lease Act – 1941

FDR says USA is, “the arsenal of Democracy.”

Atlantic Charter August 1941 – Churchill

and FDR meet to make plans.

“Destruction of Nazi tyranny.”

United States do not enter, but are ready to support.

JAPAN ATTACKS Japan wants to expand

territorial control in Asia and Pacific.

USA stands in the way. No peace talks can be

made. General Tojo executes a

“surprise attack” against the United States in Pacific. U.S. Naval base at Pearl

Harbor.

DECEMBER 7, 1941 “A DATE, WHICH WILL

LIVE IN INFAMY.” Early in the morning,

Japanese planes bombard American base.

Airplanes destroyed, 19 ships are demolished, and 2,400 will perish.

President Roosevelt asks to declare “WAR on JAPAN”. As allies, Germany and Italy

declare war against the United States (12/11/1941).

?? What you should know ??

1.) Name and describe the event that boosts British morale.

2.) What is Germany’s new “type of warfare”?

3.) Explain the outcome of Operation Sea Lion.