THE EARLY COLD WARMr. Millhouse - U.S. History - Hebron High School

End of World War II

End of World War II Visions of a Postwar World

Germany? Eastern Europe?

Satellite States “Iron Curtain”

East Asia? Japan Korea

United Nations

Post-World War II Europe

“Iron Curtain”

Competing Ideologies

Command economy Dictatorship Warsaw Pact Comintern Gain global

influence Acquire natural

resources

Capitalism (free market)

Democracy NATO Containment Gain global influence Acquire natural

resources

USSR & EASTERN EUROPE U.S. & WESTERN EUROPE

Expansion of the Cold War

Arms Race Brinkmanship

Space Race Sputnik I (1957)

Global Containment Eisenhower Doctrine

Decolonization Proxy Wars

Latin America Africa

The Berlin Wall

The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to keep East Berliners from fleeing to West Berlin. The wall fell in 1989.

Cold War as a Global “War”

East Asia

Chinese Revolution 1949 Mao Zedong People’s Republic of

China U.S. refuses to

acknowledge Communist China

Korean War (1950-1953) Korea remains divided

near the 38th parallel Japan

Rebuilt Japan fearing spread of Communism

Southeast Asia

Vietnam War Ho Chi Minh led Viet Minh

defeats France in 1954 Fearing spread of Communism

the U.S. supports South Vietnam North Vietnam, with help from

Viet Cong, defeats U.S. and unifies Vietnam in 1975

Cambodia Khmer Rouge

Indonesia Bandung Conference in 1957

Khmer Rouge

South Asia

India Supporter of Non-Alignment

movement Received aid from USSR

Pakistan Received millions of dollars in

economic & military aid due to its location

Afghanistan Soviets invade 1975 Opposed by the mujahedeen Defeated Soviets retreat in1989

Middle East

Turkey Truman Doctrine

Iran Oil industry dominated by the

West Mosaddegh attempted to

nationalize oil industry in 1951 CIA overthrew Mosaddegh

Shah Reza Pahlavi made absolute ruler

Egypt Nasser received aid from both

sides

Africa

The Congo Gained independence in 1960

Patrice Lumumba is first prime minister Belgium reoccupied parts of the

Congo a week after independence Lumumba failed to get support from

U.S. Lumumba went to Soviet Union for

support C.I.A. helped stage a coup d'état

Mobutu Sese Seko Civil War breaks out in Congo

Laurent Kabila

Latin America

U.S. attempted to overthrow countries that attempted to go Communist Cuba

Cuban Revolution (1959) Bay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis

Nicaragua Resisted Sandinistas by supporting

capitalist Contras Guatemala

C.I.A. removed Jacobo Arbenz

End of the Cold War

End of the Cold War

Destalinization Nikita Khrushchev

Détente Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

(SALT) First major nuclear arms treaty

signed in 1972 President Nixon visits China in

1972 Helsinki Accords (1975)

No political boundaries should be changed by military force

Paved way for dialogue between U.S. and USSR

Mikhail Gorbachev

Begins series of reforms in 1985 Glasnost

Opened government to criticism Provokes criticism by minority

nationalities (nationalism) Perestroika

Free-market reforms Nuclear arms agreements with

Ronald Reagan Russia’s 1st free election

(1990) Replaced by Boris Yeltsin

First McDonalds opened in Russia on January 31, 1990