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The challenges and changes faced by industry

Simon Roberts SMS Programme Lead

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Regulatory Changes

Impact of Brexit on Aviation Industry

EU Reporting Regulations and Just Culture

International Civil Aviation Organisation SMS changes

Integrated risk management

Integrated management systems

Interface management

Promotion of a positive safety culture

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Why do we need a Just Culture?

Safety Culture

Informed

Learning

FlexibleJust

Reporting

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Not entirely

a new idea

A fault revealed voluntarily will be

treated leniently but a fault concealed may

lead to serious consequences for the

workman, not to mention the pilot

Hurricane production

1940

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‘Just Culture’ in EC376/2014

Definition of Just Culture introduced into the EU Regulation,

Art 2(12)

A culture in which front-line operators or other

persons are not punished for actions, omissions or

decisions taken by them that are commensurate with

their experience and training, but in which gross

negligence, wilful violations and destructive acts are

not tolerated

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‘Just Culture’ must be guaranteed!

Organisations must implement a just culture,

Art 16(11):-

Each organisation established in a Member State

shall, after consulting its staff representatives, adopt

internal rules describing how ‘just culture’ principles

are guaranteed and implemented within that

organisation.

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Where does it go wrong?

There is a just culture policy but there are no supporting processes

Human Resources Department is not involved

We act before we have fully investigated the event

We have not considered all of the contributing factors

We have not considered the unintended consequences of management actions / decisions

Individuals are treated unfairly even when punitive action is not taken

We don’t always share our successes

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Failure to report

I don’t have time

I’ve fixed it

I don’t want to get someone else into trouble

Nothing ever happens so what’s the point

I’ve already reported it

I didn’t know I was supposed to report that

The reporting form / system is too complicated

I’ll be seen as a trouble maker

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Integrated risk management

Should consider the overall risk

The challenges:

Everyone wants their own risk

addressed

How to measure a safety risk

against a security risk

Need to have all the right

stakeholders around the table

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Integrated Management Systems

EASA

Management System

Safety Management

Compliance Monitoring

(Quality)

Resource Management

Marketing and Commercial

Security

Contractor Management

Finance & Budget

Conflicting demands Risk Transfer

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SMS Interfaces

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Managing your interface

There are many risks at the organisational interfaces

These can be internal or external

There may be contracts in place but not always

Interfaces:

between people

between departments, sites and bases

between systems

between organisations

Some interfaces are about information exchange

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Managing your interfaces

Identifying the interfaces

Assessing the criticality of the interface

Identifying the risks

Managing and monitoring the risks

Agreement on

Who is going to take action?

Who is going to monitor them?

What Information needs to be exchanged and how

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Management of external organisations

External organisations may generate risks to your organisation

You need to know who they are

You need to know what those risks are

Have a look at their risk register

What is their reporting culture like?

They also protect you

Are they applying the risk mitigations you want them to?

How are you assessing the effectiveness?

Contracted organisation assurance

Compliance and Safety Risk Assurance

Needs greater communication and information exchange with external organisations.

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How can I manage a risk I don’t control?

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SMS Challenges

Proactive risk management

Emerging risks

Near misses

External events

Analysing and making sense of your data

Do you have the right data

Applying expert judgement to the data

Developing safety objectives and meaningful SPIs

Clearly defined safety objectives

SPIs linked to safety objectives

Measure what is important to you

Managing changes

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Establishing SPIs

What is it you want to measure?

What data is available?

Operational SPIs

Organisational SPIs

Remember they are just ‘indicators’

Recognise your data limitations

Number of Safety ReportsClosure rates on safety reportsNumber of safety committee meetingsNumber of Safety audits

Number of MORsNumber of unstable approachesNumber of unreported aircraft damage eventsNumber of bird strikesNumber of aircraft crossing stop bars

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Safety Performance Targets

Can generate the wrong behaviours

Chasing the numbers rather than the desired outcome

What if I fail to achieve the target?

Annual improvements?

It may cap innovation and safety improvements

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Practical drift and its consequences

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In conclusion

SMS continues to evolve

Safety Management needs to be integrated at all levels of the

Aviation System

Risk management needs to consider the impact on all the

business functions.

Effective Safety Management requires;

Collaboration and Partnerships

Integrated risk management

Communication

Sharing of safety Information

A positive Safety Culture

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Any Questions?