1 The Mysterious letters of the Koran. Old Abbreviations of the Basmalah, James A.Bellamy, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 93, no 3(Jul-Sept.), 1973, pp. 267-2852 See appendix at end of article concerning the Cos Pattern The Abbreviated Letters(the Muqatta`at ) in the Quran a Solution by Robert Kerson8/11/2012The Quran has a mystery of disconnected letters at the beginning of a number of Surahs(Chapters). Over the centuries many attempts have been made to explain this. What I purpose isanother in a long line of attempts done over many centuries. The reader must be aware this ispresented as a theory, and as such is only as strong in making a case as the evidence I ampresenting. It was never considered possible to explain the Muqattaat in a unified and in acompletely comprehensive manner. But this paper does just that with statistical, geometric andmathematical proofs. The theory that the letters were old abbreviations of the Basmalah has a number of problemsto overcome: explaining why the number of Surahs having groups of two to five Muqattaattletters were the same number of letters constituting the 28 letter alphabet?Why did an additionalsingle unique letter (nuun) making a total of 29 Muqattaat letters correspond with the addition ofa single unique special letter called hamza to the 28 regular letter alphabet making a total of 29letters? Why were the number ofalphabet letters used exactly half the number of regular letters(14 is half of 28)? Another example of the use of the number 14 concerns the grouping of letters.Why were the letters grouped from single letters, two letters, three letters, four letters, and fiveletter combinations?1. This paper easily answers all of these questions and more. This requires the current new Arabic alphabetic order (called the hija`i order) an ordering ofthe alphabet which groups letters by similar appearance. 1. With a pen draw this alphabetic order of letters in a particular arranged pattern which I haverediscoveredresiding in a non- Arabic source predating the Quran by many centuries and alsobeing utilized by a number of different cultures. (These facts are fully discussed in my book. Ihave not made up conceived this pattern by any means.) I call this the Cos2 Pattern (see Fig. 1). 3 The design drawn out is not a real image of any living thing and hence is not an offenceto the Quran. The design has even less realism then can be seen in images of animals such aslions drawn out of strokes of Arabic letters which was and still is an ancient art form. Also, thedrawings are very crude for example, the descending dove has no feathers or joints drawn, thebody has no head nor feet nor even a body but consists merely of a vertical stroke to represent thebody of a dove. 2Fig. 1. The Arabic alphabet placed on the Cos Pattern Numbering of letters shown below letters. Black bars placed over Abbreviated Letters. 2. Taking the abbreviated Letters (the Muqatta`at), line by line as written in Quran, withoutlifting the pen between letters draw lines from each of the twelve points representing eachgrouping of two or three letters in the Cos Pattern. The resulting design3 is a solution. Thus youwould draw the letters Alif, laam, miimr q U a line from the letter Alif ( U ) grouping to theletter laam ( q ) grouping, and without lifting the pen draw another line from the letter laam ( q )to the letter miim ( r ). ( see Fig. 2). 3Fig. 2. letters alif laam miim draw these lines:The next line repeats the first, so no change occurs in the drawing. The reputation of lines allowsthe final count to be 29 lines, the significance of which will be discussed later. The next line creates the closed patternh r q UFig. 3. Letters alif laam miim saad draws out these letters Previously drawn lines shown dashed. New drawn line shown solid. The next line creates the mirror imaged pattern d q U. 4Fig. 4. Letters alif laam raa draws out these lines Previously drawn lines shown dashed. New drawn line shown solid. The next line creates a closure drqUFig. 5. Letters alif laam miim raa draws out these lines Previously drawn lines shown dashed. New drawn line shown solid. 5Note the perfect pattern of creating one wing then another of a descending dove created by theletters in Surahs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, a major proof this was not a random use ofletters, but a definite geometrical plan. The entire pattern can be drawn out without repetitions by 11 lines which are found in thefollowing Surahs (Chapters) 2, 7, 10, 13, 19, 26, 38, 40, 42, 50, 68. Fig. 6.The full completed pattern (This figure is redrawn in the appendix to show themirror image of two of the lines.)color coding described in text. If you do not know the Cos Pattern nor do you know that the hijai alphabetic pattern must belaid out on the Cos Pattern, and that the abbreviated letters are used to draw connecting lines, thenthe letters are a complete mystery as you are lacking the keys. Letters are not abbreviations, nor dothey represent numbers. They simple are placed to create the above pattern. If the alphabet order6were different, other letters in place would still create this same pattern. I can subdivide the pattern into the following six parts: the Descending Dove (D. Dove) [blacklines], the Moses snake/staff addlines [red lines], the Leaf Line [light blue line], the twoambiguous ink spots [yellowish circles], and the single fish/pen unambiguous Ink Spot [bluespot]. Note- the Leaf Line is not drawn after the D. Dove lines but after the Addlines, whichmeans the doves image does not have a leaf in its mouth until after the extra addlines are added.This makes the image even less representational of a descending dove holding an olive leaf in itsmouth. The lines drawing the Descending Dove created the pattern of a dove at the moment oftouchdown with wings uplifted. This dove involves the story of Jonah (a dove in Hebrew andArabic) and a great fish. A particular olive leaf bearing dove is described in the Torahs story ofNoah and the great flood. The Moses snake/staff add lines draws out a pattern of an upright staffthrown down on the ground to become a horizontal snake, then changing back into the uprightstaff. A letter meaning snake is one of the letters drawing out this snake. A single line in thebeak of the dove,can be seen as an oliveleaf in the beak of the descending dove (D. Dove). Twosingle Arabic letters will draw out two ambiguous ink spots, i.e. they may be part of the D. Doveor part of the addline portion of the design. A single letter meaning fish or penappearingnowhere else in the letter order, draws out a single penned unambiguous ink spot (this ink spotwas neither an add line nor a line making the descending dove.) (Because the serpent- cobra like addlines are somewhat hard to envision, I have put themseparately here.Note how near vertical staff can be lowered to the ground and vice versa. Alsonote how the cobra like head seems to stretch out on the ground.) Fig. 6a.Detail of addlines a snake into a staff7 Which letters were chosen and which were rejected may have been chosen by the followingmethod:1. The total number of letters used in the Muqatta`at is half the number of letters in the alphabet--14-- or half of 28 (a special letter called hamza ( ) or 29th letter and the significance of thenumbers 14, 28, and 29 will be detailed later. )2. The letters X Z c e k u ( these letters are the 3rd, 5th, 9th, 11th, 17th , and 27th letters ofthisalphabetic order) were rejected because they are in groups not part of the line pattern.3.Of the letters which are in groups connecting lines, only letters of a unique shape or dot free forms of letters were chosen. This allows thirteen letters: wor q p h j h f d b ` U4. These letters were mandatory:sbecause the letter means fish and pen and the design wasdrawn by a pen and fish is importantas explained later.jbecause the letter means snake and asnake / staff of Moses are in the design as explained later.The letter o also was mandatory to beused as a letter because it was needed to complete the drawing of the lined figure.Thus this threeletter grouping unitizes each of the three letters in order from left to right.We now have a total of15 letters:w o s r q p o hj h f d b ` U Ifone letter wasremoved the total would be 14 letters, but which one to remove?5. The mirror image of the letter oon the Cos Patternis the letter b .As we added the formerletter, so they could have removed the latter.Now we have a total of 14 letters which are: woos r q p hj h f d` Uwhich are the 14 letters used in the Qurans SegmentLetters.

Noting the existence of the following absolute rule offers very important proof that I amduplicating the Segment Letters as they were first worked 1600 years ago. (Turn to Fig. 1 andTable 1 for all of the following.) The rule: In any location having two or more Segment Letters,the letters always are introduced line by line in the Qur'an left to right. Examples: Laam( q) isintroduced before Qaaf ( p ), which reads before Kaaf ( o ) at location in bottom row.Examination of Table1 from line (29) to line (1) reveals the proceeding sentence is true. Thereader can find many more examples of introducing new letters left to right. This rule ofintroducing letters left to right is never violated. The statistical probability of this being do to random chance is 1 chance in 1x10 13.This iseven more remarkable considering the alphabetic order in Figs. 1 and 6 is reading left to right inthe top half and is reading right to left in the bottom half. But the line by line rule consistentlyintroduces letters left to right, reversing the alphabetic order of the bottom half. 8 Table 1 Table is fully discussed within the text. First column The counting pattern of 2-7-2-7-2 consecutive lines. Second column -Surah number. Adding twelve to previous numbers are shown withfancy brackets { }. The pattern is advanced by 11 lines shown inbold. Third column - Type of line shown color coded as in Fig. 6. Fourth column-Arabic letters per Surah number. Asterisk on two related Surahs. Fifth Column-Left hand side shows GoRound number. Right hand side shows in round brackets the first 14 numbers offirst and second GoRounds and single number in third GoRound. The square brackets show the total Go Round count.

count lines Surah number type of line (color coded)Surah letters GoRound/counts 122{2+12=14} D. Dover q U1(1) [1]3 D. Dover q U1(2)[2] 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 77 D. Doveh r q U *1(3) [3]10 D. Doved q U1(4) [4]11 D. Doved q U1(5) [5]12 D. Doved q U1(6) [6] 13 D. Dovedr qU*1(7)[7] 14 {14 +12=26} D. Doved q U1(8)[8]15 D. Doved q U1(9) [9] 1 219 Snake/Addlineh l wop1 (10) [10]20 Snake/Addlineoj1(11)[11] 1

23456 726 {26+12=38} Snake/Addliner fj1(12) [12]27 Snake/Addlinefj1 (13)[13]28 Snake/Addlinerfj1 (14)[14]29 D. Dover q U2 (1)[15]30 D. Dover q U2 (2) [16]31 D. Dover q U2 (3) [17]32 D. Dover q U2 (4) [18]101 ---------2

-----------36 Snake/Addlinef w2(5)[19]37 skip a space - - -38{38+12=50} Ambiguous inkspot on linepatternh2 (6)[20]39 skip a space - - -1 2 34 5 6 740 Leaf Liner`2(7)[21]41 Leaf Liner`2(8)[22]42 Leaf Line-- twoletters on top. inmouth, on headof dove.r`o fl 2(9)[23]addline. Threeletters finishconnectingdesign on feet ofdove 43 Leaf Liner`2 (10)[24]44 Leaf Liner`2 (11)[25]45 Leaf Liner`2(12) [26]46 Leaf Liner`2(13) [27]1 2 50 Ambiguous inkspot on linepatterno2 (14)[28]68 {56+12 = 68}UnambiguousThe Ink Spot s3(1) [29] 11 The segment letters were composed ofsingle letters, two letters combinations, three letterscombinations, four letter combinations, and five letter combinations within 29 surahs (chapters or) as shown in Table 1. Just as letters may be placed on the Cos Pattern, so too can numbers be placed on the samepattern. Below is the counting of numbers from 1 to 180. The Cos Pattern is drawn as red lines. There is a theory that the letters are initials of the compilers of the surahs. This is highlyunlikely since I have demonstrated the letters are following a specific order to draw out thispattern. This is most noticeable in with the placement of the lettersoands.Likewise, the specific order of surahs having these letters as detailed in the next sectionmakes it highly unlikely this was randomly arranged.Fig. 7.Counting from 1 to 180 on the Cos Pattern The bottom row of numbers in the bottom squares are the numbers of the first GoRound. The bottom row of numbers in the next above squares are the numbers of the second GoRound. The bottom row of numbers in the next above squares are the numbers of the third GoRound. Numbers above 114 in the fifth GoRound are of no significance in this paper and are not discussed. The Cos Pattern is drawn as red lines.121314 Twenty eight numbers will count out one repetition around the twelve two and three groupings ofthis pattern. I call each row a GoRound.The following table shows first five GoRounds startingat the lowest or the first GoRound row having the numbers 1 through 28. A number of importantfacts are revealed. 1. The first GoRound row of 28 numbers also can represent the 28 letters of the Alphabet. Thefirst number of the second GoRound row 29 can be a 29th letter. This letter, as seen in Fig. 1,rides or is seen placed over number 1 the letter alif ( U ) (This letter occupies the position of thetip of a cows horn. The letter means cow.Surah 2 is called the Cow. This position can also bethe base of a house and the non Abbreviated Letter meaning house or bet is at this position.)Aspecial Arabic 29th letter does exist which doesin fact, have to ride over the alif ( U) . This lettercalled the hamza cannot exist without being attached to another letter. The design may be thegerminal idea for the hamza.( )The hamza riding over the alif looks like this :Q . Table 2The GoRound row numbers Table shows locations ofbeginning and ending GoRound row numbers.

GoRoundnumber beginning number ending numberfirst 1letters start here 2 8 letters finish here second 2 9only hamza here5 6third 57 8 4fourth 85 112fifth113 1422.The start of the second GoRound begins with the number 29, followed by 30. These are theimportant numbers of days within one month or the number of days the moon takes to repeat aphase. If we see what numbers are directly above these two numbers in the fifth GoRound row,we reach the numbers 113 and 114. Likewise the number ending the previous fourth GoRoundrow is 112. The Quran nominally is composed of 112 (the end of the fourth GoRound) Surahs or with two 113 and 114 closing the entire book. (Indeed, early copies did have 112 Surahs since two Surahs 93/94 and 105/106 were once combined. As in the pattern, numbers 113 and 114 arelinked as the start of the fifth GoRound row, so also were Surahs 113 and 114 linked in theQuran. Thus the major fact that there are exactly 114is very significant because this matchesperfectly the numbering on this pattern. (The fifth GoRound is important as the number 5 is alsothe number to times one is to pray daily.) The number of surahs having letters is 29 or one GoRound plus the first number of the secondGoRound (28+1= 29). Then there are three more GoRounds plus the first two numbers of the fifthGoRound makes the entire book [112 +(113 and 114)]. The number of surahs having letters is15about 1/4 the total number of surahs, but it also can be seen in terms of GoRounds. Table 1 shows which of the 29 Surahs have letter combinations. Table 1 and Fig. 7 aboveshows where these Surahs are located on the Cos Pattern. A very important fact is revealed. In thefirstGoRound there are 14 numbers, in the second GoRound there are 14 numbers, and in thethird GoRound row there is one number.The number 14 is important because there are exactly14 letters making up the(and also the number of days in half a month). We can say that thenumber 14 is half the number of letters in the Arabic alphabet (14+14=28). If we add the singleletter hamza( ) as the 29th letter, we get 14 +14+1= 29. This is identical with the Surah countof 14 letters in the first GoRound row, 14 letters in the second, and 1 in the third. Another important use of the number 14 is that the fourteenth letter of this order is the lettersaad ( h ) which happens to be one of three single letters in the Muqattaat. (The other two areKaaf ( o ) the final letter completing the drawing of the line design [D.Dove, Addlines, Leaf Line,Ambigous spots] and the final letter of the pattern the nuun ( s ) which creates the final drawing--the Ink Spot.) The former two letters of the line design also has a unique property: excluding the short centralhorizontal Leaf Line (drawn by haa miim ( r` ) seen in the bottom design,you can start at thegrouping where the right hand letter is Saad ( h ) seen as the upper left hand spot position in thetop design, you can draw the entire line pattern without ever lifting the pen or retracing over aline, to reach the right hand letter Kaaf ( o ) seen as the lower spot position in the top design. (seeFig. 8 below) Fig. 8. Full pattern below includes Leaf Line and Ink Spot. Top pattern lacks these twoelements.16 Use of Cos Pattern on the placement oflines

Now I shall demonstrate how the placement of lines could have been worked out using thisnumbering placement on the Cos Pattern. Keeping in mind we must have 14 Surah numberswithin the first GoRound row and 14 Surah numbers with the second, we will start with the lowestnumber other then Surah 1. ( Does not work well if we start with 1 and Surah 1 is the openingSurah.Starting with Surah 2 we consecutively add the number 12 to each previous number. Weget2+12 = 14then 14 +12 = 26then 26+12 = 38then 38 +12 = 50.(We cannot add 50+12 =62 because 62 is in the third GoRound row.) We must add the very significant number 12"because the Cos Pattern is composed of 12" groupings. This accounts for five Surahs (Remember5 is an important number of this design. There are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 letters in the various lines of letters.) What of the other 24 Surahs (12*2=24) making a total of 29 Surahs having letter groupings?The master plan of how the Surahs were chosen and which letters were assigned to which Surahcould be the following:Consecutive Surahs have this arrangement 2, 7, 2, 7, 2, 7, 2. (It is quiteimpossible for this being pure coincidence.)(See Table 1) We started with Surah 2 having r q U . Then the consecutive Surah 3 has the same three letters.This is the first 2 Surahs. Then comes 7 consecutive Surahs all having the letters either d q Uand an additional fourth letter either a hor d.Note the pattern: Surah 7 which adds the letterh after d q U .If we count 7 consecutive Surahs starting on from 7--- (7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)we reach another four letter Surah (15) which adds the letterd after the lettersr qU. These arethe only two Surahs consisting of four letters. They are at the start and finish of this 7 count. Theadded fourth letters are both in top corners of the Cos Pattern (see Fig. 3, 5, 6), and they bothmake up the two tips of the doves wings. We have concluded drawing the dove and willcommence drawing out the Addlines starting with another group of 2 Surahs (19, 20). If weexamine the single 5 letters and two letters of Surah 19 and 20, you will notice they appear tohave some different letters, but when you examine Figs. 6 and 6a you will note that they both aredrawing out an identical segment of the starting five letter addline!Surah 20 has the letter jwhich in Arabic means snake. This letter draws the addline snake. Also all three Surahs in theQuran mentioning Moses staff and snakes (20, 27, and 28) have this letter which is verysignificant. Next we count another 7 consecutive Surahs starting at Surah 26. Why number 26?Remember we have to use Surah numbers 2, 14, 26, 38, and 50. These 7 Surahs (do not seem tofit the pattern, but something else is occurring. The first three consecutive Surahs (26, 27, 28)draw addlines. The last four consecutive Surahs (29, 30,31,32) draw out D.Dove lines. Thedivision between addline and D.Dove occurs exactly at the end of the first GoRound and thebeginning of the second(number 28 is the last number of the first Goround and 29 is the firstnumber of the second. See Fig. 6 and Table 2 ). Also if you count you will notice these are the 1417Surahs of the first GoRound (2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 26, 27, 28).Surah 26 has the letter j and surah 36 w has a different letter, but both letters draw out thesame line making the horizontal line at bottom of the design.Now you will count the 14 Surahs of the second GoRound starting on 29. There are fourconsecutive numbers (29,30,31, 32 ) repeating the first letter sequence of D. Dove lines. Thisconcludes this grouping of 7 Surahs. Next comes a grouping to 2 consecutive Surahs.One linemust have the number 38 as it is one of the 6 mandatory numbers 2, 14, 26, 38, 50. If we were to count backwards from 38 and skip one number 37 we would reach number 36 anaddline after a group of D.Dove lines. So we have the pattern of alternating D.Dove lines withAddlines. Here we have the first important single letter h , one of three letters as discussedpreviously in this paper. Next comes the final group of 7 Surahs. Here we have the single Olive Leaf Line held in thebeak of the descending dove. The Leaf Line is draw out by the two lettersr` .(The letter r means water in Hebrew and in Egyptian hieroglyphs. This letter has an association with waterbecause the olive leaf carried by a dove meant the waters of the flood was drying up. Thus anumber of letters have meanings which match the design seen in Fig. 6 and their respective Arabic letters match details giving in theirrespective Surahs;Cow--snake fish water---all arediscussed in this paper. These are further proofs my theory of the Abbreviated Letters is valid.) Here are very important facts which help to prove this paper correctly explains the Muqattaat.Look at the Leaf Line drawn by the letters r`in Fig. 6.Now compare it with the locations ofthe 7 Surahs which draw out this line (40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) in Fig. 7. They are identicallocations on the Cos Pattern!Number 40 is the left most number of its grouping and number 46is the right most number if its grouping. This will not work with any other arrangement such asutilizing Surahs 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 or Surahs 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 since the former isout of the two groupings, and the latter goes beyond the starting number of this grouping which is46. Another fact: If you examine the design of the Cos Pattern, you will notice after thenumbering of 40, 41, 42, the line goes on a diagonal to numbers 43, 44, 45, 46 then a vertical lineup to number 46.Thus the numbering of the Surahs follows the design of the Cos Pattern andis a major piece of evidence that the Cos Pattern existed and was utilized in the Muqattaat. Surah 42 presents another majorpiece of evidence.This is the second 5 letter arrangement(The other is the start of drawing Addlines in Surah 19.) This arrangement has the Leaf Linedrawing by two letters above three letters. The last letter ends ino. All three letters are o fl.These three letters draw out the final lines of the figure with the final letter actually completingthe pattern. Now examine Fig. 6 and you will notice the head of the dove has the two letters r`drawing out the Leaf Line, and the feet position of the dove has the three letterso fldrawing out the final addlines completing the pattern. Thus the five letters of two above three yousee in the Quran are the actual arrangement of these same two above and three below for atotal of five letters made visible in Figs. 6 and 9 and 9a. These five letters in Surah 42 holdanother important fact: this is the only place were the lines drawn match the lines of the CosPattern. For example the letters alif laam draws a diagonal line not matching any line of the Cos18Pattern , but only here, the vertical line from the letters laam q to miim r does match a line of theCos Pattern. The lettersr`too flare on the same vertical line. (See Figs. 9 and 9a) Also, the two letters which are in combination with other letters and are also found assingleletters ho (the ambiguous letters in table 1), are found at the top (the head of the descendingdove) and bottom (the feet of the descending dove) of the design and are on either side of the leafline r`as if framing the leaf line. Fig. 9. Overlapping Cos Pattern and Letter Muqattaat.Cos pattern in red. Letter Muqattaat in blue.A red and a blue lines are parallel onlybetween two points highlighted in yellow where the five letters of Surah 42 ( r` o fl )are located. (( r)is the 24th letter of the Arabic Alphabet, ( q ) is the 23rd letter of the ArabicAlphabet. See Figs. 1 and 6)19 Fig. 9a.The letters of Surah 42last letters are at top and bottom of descending dove. Also the letter sequence is r`and not`r .The lines are always drawn toward the dove andnever away from it.Next we come to the final Surah from the first and second GoRounds the mandatory number50. (2, 14, 26, 38, 50 ). (see Figs. 1, 10 and Table 1)First notice these are 5 numbers where thenumber 5 is very important as it is the number of times one is to pray daily. Also note that we find the second of the three single letters othe final letter within Surah 42and as a single letter in Surah 50. Thus the line figure is drawn completed. No new lettercombinations occur between Surah 42 and 50. Again, as with the letter h,( occurring as asingle letter in Surah 38) we would see this as a drawn ambiguous ink spot can be part of the D.Dove or part of the Moses snake/staff addlines. Finally we come to the final piece of the Muqattaat. (see Fig. 10) We have 14 Surah numbers inthe first GoRound row, and another 14 Surah numbers in the second making a total of 28 Surahs.A single Surah can be added to make 29 Surahs, identical with the added hamza making the2029th letter of the alphabet. This Surah must be a number within the third GoRound row (a numbergreater than 56 see table 2). I believesomeone took the last number of the second GoRound row -- the number 56 and added the number 12 as shown previously with the additions of 12 starting onthe number 2. The number then becomes 56 + 12= 68 falling within the third Goround row.Notice in Figs. 7 and 9, a grouping has the numbers 7 in the first GoRound row, 40, 41, 42, in thesecond, and 68 in the third. A single letter nuun ( s) meaning fish or pen is in-- yes-- Surah 68 (This Surah talks aboutJonah the word means dove and he was the friend of a fish). If a single new letter is used it mayor may not connect with any of the lines drawn in previous lines. Since this letter is not pairedwith any other in the Muqattaat, this letter must be drawn as an ink spot not connected to anyline. Surah 68 is the location of the second oldest revelation revealed to Mohammed. If we add to 84,the last number of third GoRound row, the number 12,we get 84+12=96 a number in the fourthGoRound row. This number can be seen directly over number 68 in Fig. 7. As Surah 68 has thesecond oldest revelation, so also does Surah 96 have the very first revelation revealed toMohammed. Notice the tie in between the placements of these important Surahs both having aconnection with the Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat. Although no number within the fourthGoRound exists in the Muqattaat, the number 96 does have a hidden association with the lastSurah of the Muqattaat Surah 68. Another relationship between Surah 68 and 96 is that the word pen on the Abbreviated Letternuun ( s ) in Surah 68 occurs in the beginning of Surah 96 where the word pen is written. The preceding facts help to demonstrate that the Surahs of the Quran were laid out using theprinciples demonstrated in this paper and go far beyond the statistical probability of being purechance.The pattern of Fig. 6 is composed of 13 lines and adding the nuun (s )ink spot we get a 14thpart. This pattern also is composed of a single line, two line combinations, three linecombinations, four line combinations, and five line combinations just as the Abbreviated LetterMuqattaat is composed of single letters, two letter combinations, three letter combinations, fourletter combinations, and five letter combinations. (Also the pattern is composed of no (0)lineswhich matches Surahs having no (0) letters.) Here are important facts concerning these letters (see table 1): The D. Dove begins with theletter alif (U). The first wing of the descending dove is closed by the letter saad ( h ) in surah 7.Both letters occupy the same location. The first addline begins with the letter p and ends withthe letter oboth letters occupy the same location. These two lettershando are singlesclassified as ambiguous since they can be either part of the D. Dove or addline part of the pattern. If a random pattern other then the Cos Pattern was to be chosen, or if anotherarrangement of the alphabet were to be laid out on the Cos Pattern, the resulting designwould be a random series of lines and not the perfect design of Fig. 6. This strengthens theargument, Fig. 6 is the correct design. Also it shows the series of letters such as alif, laam,miim(r q U) etc. is the correct letters needed to create Fig. 6, since thousands of other21groupings of letters would never create this exact design. [There are other letters which can create the design, such as substituting (n q g) for ( r q U )]. Fig. 10. Surah number locations on the Cos Pattern

The first or lowest GoRound is highlighted in red. The second GoRound up over the first ishighlighted in blue. The third GoRound over the second has only one number shown drawn ingreen with a yellow background. The 14 numbers (2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20,26, 27, 28) in the first GoRound are shown with red dots. The 14 numbers (29, 30, 31, 32,36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 50 ) in the second GoRound are shown with blue dots.Only one Surah number ( 68) exists, the highest or last number in the third GoRound shownwith a green dot. Taken fromchapter 6 of mybookSacredStones SacredStories vol. 1.

22 A design matching the length of Surahs in the Quran Another interesting fact is that if we draw lines from the first of the eleven Surah numbers to thelast of the eleven Surah numbers utilized in the Muqattaat (2, 7, 10, 13, 19, 26, 38, 40, 42, 50, 68,) ,and including the Surah 96 both discussed previously, we get a pattern that begins as long lines,progressively becoming shorter until we are drawing very short lines at the end. This pattern mimicsa characteristic of the Surahs having the longest Surahs at the beginning, then becomingprogressively shorter with the final Surahs and the first revealed (Surah 96) located over Surah 68,the final Surah of the letter Muqattaat, making a very shortline. (See Fig. 11 below)

Fig. 11. On the Cos Pattern Surah Numbers connected by lines

23 The Number 19 on the Cos Pattern Here are examples showing what the number 19 does on the Cos Pattern. The number 19 has aunique property: If you repeatedly multiply 19's, you get 19*1= 1919*2= 3819*3= 5719*4= 7619*5= 9519*6= 114 Of the numbers 5, 9, 25, 19 only the number 19 divides evenly into the last number 114. Thefirst number 19 and the last number 114 divide evenly. The Quran states there are 19 angels (Surah74:30) Looking at Fig. 12, you will notice the six numbers are in three of the groupings with twogroupings having two numbers on a diagonal slant, and one grouping having two numbers in avertical column. ( Compare Fig. 12 with both Figs. 6 and 7 for the following) One grouping (withSurahs 57, 114) has many pattern lines as D. Dove, Addlines, Ambiguous Ink Spot lines includingthe single letter Saad ( h ). Another grouping (with Surahs 38, 95) has no connection to the patternwhatsoever. The third grouping ( with Surahs 19, 76) has the single Ink Spot. Thus all three parts ofthe pattern is represented: the figure, no figure, and the single Ink Spot. This particular pattern isunique as only counting by 19 will draw these three groupings in this arrangement. Only the number19 is in the lowest first GoRound. The top number also must be divisible into whole numbers freeof factions. We know the top number must be 114 from Fig. 7.Then numbers 19, 38 and 57 wouldall work, but only number 19 will create this particular pattern seen in Fig. 12 below. 24Fig. 12.Counting multiples of the number 19. Shown next to green dots. 25 Importance of the number 7 on the Cos PatternThe number 7 is in a very important location of the Cos Pattern. It is in the center of the center tophalf location (or counting six groupings from the first-- start-- group)within the 1st GoRound (SeeFig. 7) Variants Of An Early Version Of Quran Explained The three variants of an early version of the Quran in Surahs 26, 39,42, 63 can all be explained. On Surah 26 adding spaces does nothing to the line pattern. On Surah 39 the leaf line is not changedbut lengthened. But putting the two letters ha miim here is awful as it violates a number of principles and counts. A better choice is to have the ha miim start on Surah 40 but never on Surah39. This variant on Surah 42is poor as it affects the counting of lines. The current numberingbeginning on Surah 42 is best. If you were to count two GoRounds, then Surah 68 would not exist. Chronological Order Of Quranic Surahs Show Evidence Of Using Cos PatternThe Surahs have a traditional order of Meccan Surahs revealed at Mecca being older then theMedinah Surahs revealed later at Medinah. There are associations of Surahs with the Cos Pattern.Iwill discuss these associations. Although there are some disagreements as to the chronological orderof thefinally set into the Quran as Surahs, the order discussed here is the traditional one.(SeeFig. 14) Firstly, the 86 Meccan Surahs can be subdivided into First (or early), Second, and ThirdMeccan periods. Secondly another later 28 Madinah Surahs makes a total of 114 Surahs. TheMeccan Surahs are mostly higher numbered, just as the number 86 is a high number. The MadinahSurahs are the last of the . Just as the number 28 is the last number before jumping to the first (top)grouping. Also the number 28 is the last letter of the Arabic AlphabetYaa ( w ) before jumping upto the 29th hamza ( ) a special letter over alif(U ). Notice the Cos Pattern having numbers placed on it, contains 12 groupings at each of the 12locations of the pattern. 26Fig. 13. The Cos Pattern and its twelve groupings 27Fig. 14. The First Grouping On The Cos Pattern The first grouping (labeled 1') has the number 1' in a yellow square, at the start of thepattern in the lower left hand corner the start of the first GoRound. The number 86 within thefourth GoRound , in red square, is in the same vertical row, below the number 114, in dottedblack square, within the fifth GoRound - the final Surah. Below in the same vertical row is thenumber 30 within the second GoRound, in another dotted black square. This is of the 29-30lunar day relationship discussed previously. The lower numbered Surahs are a hodge podge of a few (2 or 3 adjacent)interspersedFirst,Second, Third, and Medinah Surahs. Beginning with Surah 57 and ending at Surah 66, a largenumber (10) of adjacent Medinah Surahs were laid out in the Quran. Beginning with Surah 77 andending at Surah 114 a large number (10 or more adjacent) First Meccan Surahs were laid out in theQuran. These Surahs of the First Meccan period have two Surahs interspersed with two Medinah4Tne Holy Quran, sadi printing, Appendix 28Surahs. (These First period Surahs are characteristically short in length.)The Ten Medinah Surahs on the Cos Pattern 4 The Ten Medinah Surahs are shown below in Fig. 15.Notice we go from 57 to 66 through fivegroupings. The number five is significant as it is the number of times one is to pray daily.Also notethat the locations of the starting and finishing numbers (57 and 66) occupy the same locations in thetwo groupings of numbers both are directly above the other in the left hand columns. I believe thesewere deliberately chosen to place these ten Medinah Surahs on the Cos Pattern here.

Fig. 15.The ten adjacent Medinah Surahscounting Medinah Surahs shown red dots with horizontal black line 5www.bombaxo.com/chronsurs.html29The Long adjacent numbering of first Mecca Surahs on the Cos Pattern (See Figs. 16, 17 and Table 3 below for this discussion.) Beginning with Surah 77 we have allSurahs, with two exceptions, being from the First or Early Meccan Period. The two exceptions are atnumbers 98 and 110 which are from the Medinah Period. Looking at where these two Surahs fall, we note they are at identical right most positions within aninner three numbered row and an outer three numbered row. Note they also are at the top rows of thegroupings. The first number 98 is the center most number (at a count of 14 numbers) as given in theChronological order of the Surahs from Medinah. In the Cos Pattern number 98 is in the center mostthree numbers per row grouping. The second number 110 is the outer most number (at a count of another 14 numbers) for a total of 28numbers from the first number. Remember that in the Arabic alphabet, the final 28th letter is the lastletter of the first GoRound, then the number 29 begins the second GoRound. The number 110 is in thesame grouping as the final letter 28 ending the first GoRound as seen in Figs. 16, 17. These twonumbers are not randomly chosen but present in the Cos Pattern. Also, the two Medinah Surahs forms a true pattern. Look at Fig. 16. note the pattern oftwo singlered dots and not single red dot and three red dots, or a red dot and a yellow dotwhich truly wouldappear to be a random arrangement.Table 3Chronological Order of Medinah Surahs5

ChronologicalOrder Surah numberName of Surah1 2 al-Baqarah2 8 al- Antfal3 3 al-Imran4 33 al-Ahzab 5 60 Mumtahanah6 4 al- Nisa7 99 al- Zilzal8 57 al-Hadid9 47 Muhammad10 13 ar-Ra`d3011 55 ar- Rahman12 76 ad- Dahr13 65 at-Talaq14 98 al-bayyinah(15) 1 59 al- Hashr(16) 2 24 an-Nur(17) 3 22 al-Hajj(18) 4 63 al-Munafiqun(19) 5 58 al-Mujadilah(20) 6 49 al-Hujurat(21) 7 66 at-Tahrim(22) 8 64 at-Taghabun(23) 9 61 as-Saff(24) 10 62 al-Jumu`ah(25)11 48 al-Fath(26) 12 5 al-Ma`idah(27) 13 9 at-Taubah(28) 14 110 an-Nasr Now we come to a very important discussion concerning these two Surahs. The number 98 is theright hand top position of the fourth GoRound, in the middle grouping (six groupings from the firstwhich is the left top group of numbers having 1, 13, 14, in the first GoRound (bottom row),The last Revelation was Surah 110 that means although Surah 110 was not the last Surah in theQuran, it was the last one revealedwhich can be called Medinah_(28) (there were 28in total as youcan see in the above table).This Surah is in the last of the twelve groupings of the Cos Pattern in theright hand top row of the fourth GoRound. Directly opposite in the left hand top row of the fourthGoRound is the number 112 The last Surah of text not being the closing sequence of 113 and 114.Note that the placement of the final Medenah revelation is placed by the Cos Pattern at a significantlocation of the Quran. I find it curious and possibly significant that there are a total of 28 Medinah Surahs, exactly thesame number making up a GoRound.(See Fig.1) 31Fig. 16. The Continuous numbers of the First Meccan Period with two MedinahPeriod numbers. First Meccan Period Surahs are shown as black dots. Medinah Period Surahsare shown as red dots with horizontal black line. ( Numbers refer to Surahs. Thus, Surah 96 isfrom the first Meccan period.)

32Fig. 17. The sixth and twelfth groupings on the Cos Pattern. From the above figure, in the sixth groupings, is the Medinah Surah number 98 at the top right handcorner of the third GoRound, shown within a red square. The opposite left hand corner has the number96 shown within a black square. This is the location of the first revelation called the Clot. Below it inthe vertical row of the third GoRound, shown within a dotted black square, is the number 68, which isthe final Surah of the Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat having the single letter nuun ( s ). This is also thesecond oldest revelation. Below this number in the second GoRound is the number 40, also within adotted black square is the number 40 where the sequence of the Ha miim (r` )letters begins. Here we also see the twelfth grouping. Note the analogous number 110 at the top right hand coornerof the third GoRound, shown with a red square. The opposite left hand corner has the number 112 inthe third GoRound, shown within a black square. This number is the end of the core of the book. In thesame vertical row in the first GoRound is the number 28 drawn within a black dotted square. thisnumber is the last letter of the Arabic Alphabet before the 29th special letter hamza above in group 1(see Fig. 17).Note the symmetry of the red and black squares. Note that there is an association withthe placing of the first twoin the middle sixth groupings, and the final revelation in the lasttwelfth grouping of the Cos Pattern. Also note there are associations of these numbers with theorder of the Arabic alphabet. 33

Number Of Days In Month And Chronological Order Both Hidden In Cos Pattern If we label the Chronological order of Surahs filling horizontal rows of two and three numbergroupings, the results would be Fig. 18 below.The top most row is ambiguous as it may or may not be counted. Since the row has three numbers 113, 114, and 115, we may not count this as a row, sincethis row is not filled as is the row having the numbers 85, 85, 87 or therow having the numbers 94,95. The number 115 is not a Surah number since the highest or final Surah number is 114. Then if wecount the number of filled rows, we find a total of 29 filled rows.But if we consider that no Surah 115 existsin the Quran, then this top row only have the numbers113, 114 and in terms of the Quran, this row may be counted. Now the total number of filled rows is30.These numbers 29 and 30 are the number of days within one month or the number of days it takesfor the moon to go from new moon to new moon etc.34Fig. 18. Filled Horizontal Rows On The Cos PatternFirst (or early )Meccan Period--- Black dots Second Meccan Period ----------Yellow dotsThirdMeccan Period -----------White dots with vertical black line Medinah Period -------------------Red dots with horizontal black line (Numbers refer to Surahs.)

35 Facts On The Full Drawn Out Pattern Fig. 19 is the chronological pattern of all Surahs laid out on the Cos Pattern shown as code patternsbut the actual numbers refer to Surah numbers.(Refer to this figure for all of the following.) At thebeginning of the pattern we get the pattern of a red dot with a horizontal line to the left of a white dotwith a vertical line in four groupings. The 29 Abbreviated Letter Surahs are drawn inside squares. Notethat with the exceptions of Surahs 4 and 47, all red dots to the left of a black dot have AbbreviatedLetters (13, 14, 2, 12, 3, 11, _10, _46). The first grouping is unique in that here we have three different ages laid out in a horizontal row: 1is a black dot, 13 is a red dot with a horizontal line, and 14 is a white dot with a vertical line. This isthe only location having three different dots instead of one or two different dots. Examining the percentage of colored dots (which represents the various time periods the Surahswere produced)per GoRound, the following observations can be made:In the first GoRound, theonly black dot (first Meccan Period) is Surah 1. If you note the number of colored dots going from firstGoRound to fifth GoRound (but only two numbers exist in the fifth GoRound), the number of blackdots increase and the number of yellow dots decrease.Thus the higher numbered Surahs have themost first (early) Meccan Period Surahs, and the lowest numbered Surahs have the most third MeccanPeriod Surahs. Other relationships occurs in Surahs numbered 5 and 9. Surahs 5, 9, and 110 are the very lastSurahs revealed. Looking at Fig. 16, you will note 5, 9, 25, and19 are symmetrically drawn. Surah 19is very special as it has five letters. The sum of 5 and 9 is 14, where 14 is an important number in theAbbreviated Letters (there are 14 letters represented, etc). Notice 5, 9, 25 and 19 are all odd numbers.The Quran seems to favor using odd numbers. Surahs 5 and 9 were placed next to each other on the Cos Pattern and they were revealed next toeach other in time. Surah 9 does not have the introductory phrase found in the other Surahs.The onlyAbbreviated Letter Surah found in this grouping is Surah 38 which holds the single letter Saad. Surah 38 is composed of the full (no additions) 38th revelation from Mecca. Surah 38 has the 38threvelation from Mecca in the traditional numbering system. Likewise, Surah 71 is composed fully ofthe 71st revelation from Mecca. This Surah does not have Abbreviated Letters, but if you read mybook Sacred Stones Sacred Stories, you will know the name of the Surah, Noah, does indeed, havegreat importance with Noah. The Abbreviated Letters occur with one current exception on 39, inSurahs 38 through 46.In ten locations are Surahs of similar age, adjacently placed. They are either two or three Surahseach, with one having eight Surahs adjacently placed. They are Meccan 59,60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66respectively placed in Surahs 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 respectively.These are the ha miim Surahs(40 through 46) and the older Surah 39 which no longer have any letters. One Surah less is Surah 38discussed in the previous paragraph. These Meccan Surahs all are in third GoRound, placed in Surahsnumbered 39 through 46 and all are in the second GoRound.

36 A VeryImportant Observation There are five groupings of consecutivesurahs (see Table 1 and Fig. 7). They are:1.2, 3 2. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 153.19, 204.26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 325. 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46There are five non consecutivesurahs. They are:1. 72.363.384.505.68The number of consecutivesurahs is the same number as the non consecutivesurahs whichconstitutes a major pattern. Furthermore, the three highest numbered non consecutivesurahs (38, 50, 68) each has one of the threesingle letters of the Muqattaat which also constitutes a pattern. (Two of these numbers also have significance in my second article on the Muqattaat. See my article,What Editing of Quran and the Muqqattaat (Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat) Have In Common ) The sum of five plus five is ten. We see this number has significance in the above mentioned article,but also in the Quran, where there is a counting of ten surahs mentioned in [AL-Quran] which is Surah11:13. This appears to be an association of the text with this observation concerning the pattern ofplacements of Muqattaat in the Quran another important observation. There is another very important relationship occurring with the numbers 28, 38, and 56. First noticethat in Fig.7 each of these numbers all line up on the left hand side of the pattern. Also note that thepattern is divided into 12 groupings, as shown in Fig. 13. If we were to add the number 12 to thenumber 28, we would reach number 40 the start of the Muqattaat haa miim ( r` )letters. If wewere to add zero (0) to the number 38, we would stay on the number 38 having the Muqattaat singleletter Saad ( h ) .If we were to add 12 numbers to the number 38, we would reach the number 50which has the Muquattaat single letter Kaaf( o ). If we were to add the number 12 to the number 56,we would reach the number 68 which has the single Muquattaat letter nuun ( s ). Each of the threesingle letters within the Muquattaat are in this arrangement which seems to be deliberately chosen.Remember, there are only these three single letters and no other letters in the Muqattaat. If we were to add 40 numbers to the number 28, we would reach the number 68 having the letternuun ( s ) with all of its features such as being the only location of this single letter at the last surahhaving letters.37Fig. 19.the full chronological pattern on the Cos PatternFirst (or early )Meccan Period--- Black dots Second Meccan Period ----------Yellow dotsThirdMeccan Period -----------White dots with vertical black lineMedinah Period -------------------Red dots with horizontal black lineAbbreviated Letter Surahs ----inside squares (Numbers refer to Surahs and not to the chronological order.) 38

The Abbreviated LettersDraws part ofSajda There are fourteen or (fifteen) places within the Quran where the worshiper bows down. A markappears in the Quran where this act of worship occurs and is called Sajda in Arabic. Below you willsee the Surahs having a Sajda and Abbreviated Letters. 7, 13, 19, 27, 32, 38, 41. If there are fourteen Surahs having Sajda, then half this number have Abbreviated Letters and theother half have none. Thus we have seven Surahs with abbreviated Letters and seven without. The seven Surahs having a Sajda without Abbreviated Letters are: 16, 17, 22, 25, 53, 84, 96. The first GoRound has four Surahs having Abbreviated Letters (red dots) and another equal numberof four Surahs which do not have Abbreviated Letters (greenish black dots). The second GoRoundhave three Surahs which have Abbreviated Letters (red dots) and one Surah which does not have anyAbbreviated Letters (greenish black dot). The third and fourth GoRound each have one Surah withoutany Abbreviated Letters (greenish black dots). Then there are 4 in the first GoRound plus 3 in thesecond GoRound Surahs (7 total) having Sajda with Abbreviated Letters, and also there are 4 in thefirst GoRound plus 1 in the second GoRound, plus 1 in the third GoRound, plus 1 in the fourthGoRound Surahs (7 total) having Sajda with no Abbreviated Letters. Half the total have AbbreviatedLetters and half do not.Additional patterns can be seen. Two pairs of dots are lined up vertically and two pairs arehorizontally adjacent. Number 27 is in common with a vertical number and a horizontal number. Onepair consist of two red dots and the other three has one red and one black. The number of Surahs (asnumbers in fig. 20a)paired is 7. Unpaired single dots are another 7 which is half of the 14 totalnumber of dots.This demonstrates what appears to be a random placement of Surahs having a Sajda is not randon atall, but deliberate designswhen placed on the Cos Pattern.

39Fig. 20aSurahs having Sajda. Abbreviated Letter Surahs have a red dot. Non Abbreviated Letter Surahs have a greenish black dot.Note by GoRound rows.We now draw as we drew previously in Fig. 6, the Abbreviated Letters from each of these sevenSajda Surahs. To do this we, look up all the letters for each of these Surahs in table 1. Take forexample Surah 27 has the letters taa siin( fj ).The resulting design makes the black lines and inkspot seen in Fig. 20. We can also use Ayat numbers. There is a non- Abbreviated Letter Surah having the important Ayatnumber 50 which does have Abbreviated Letters. If we look up in table 1 the number 50, in the Surahcolumn we find the single ink spot letter Kaaf ( o). We draw this in Fig. 20b as a red ink spot wherethe letter exists in the Cos Pattern. (See Figs. 1 and 6) Thus Sajda draws the Descending Dove, theLeaf Line, part of the addlines, andtwo ink spots.If we compare the full Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat in Fig. 6 with the portion of the MuqattaatSajda draws seen in Fig. 20b, you will note only three lines and an ink spot are missing. The missingparts would be made up with Surahs 28, 42, 68.40Fig. 20b.Sajda on the Abbreviated Letter Pattern Black lines are drawn with Surah numbers. Red Spot is drawn with an Ayat number. Two facts concerning Sajda can be seen: 1. Surah 41 is the only Abbreviated Letter Surahhaving a Sajda (on Ayat 38). It draws out the LeafLine haa miim (r` ). One name for this Surah is haa miim Sajda.and this extremelyimportant fact is this:2. Surah 32is called Sajda. This is the only Surah called just Sajda. The number 32 is within thegrouping of numbers having the number 12. The twelfth letter of the Arabic Alphabet is the letter siin ( f ) which is the first letter of the word ---Sajda. Looking at Fig. 1, notice that the locationof this letter is in the same grouping as the number 32 (there are other similar examples such as theopening word Besmillais in the pattern as detailed in my book.)This location is at the lower righthand corner of the Cos Pattern. Notice that both missing lines in Fig. 20are on this corner position. Majority of Surahs with Abbreviated Letters have the words Book or refers to revelations. The majority of Surahs (24 out of 29) having Abbreviated Letters have either the words Book orrefers to a book by using the words pen or writing, or else uses the word revelation or reveal in thefirst sentence. (Surahs 19, 29,30,42do not have these words.) There are a few exceptions where thesewords do occur in surahs not having letters. I cannot explain why Abbreviated Letter surahs have these6 see Fig. 23c in appendix for a redraw of Fig. 23a to make this figure more understandable.41words and why there are exceptions.Design of the Sephirot in Kabbalah can be seen in the Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat. If Fig. 6 the complete Abbreviated Letter design was duplicated in a flipped mirror image, theresulting figure would be Fig. 23a. If the image were rotated as shown, the figure would hold aremarkable resemblance to the classic ten sephirot (tree of life. two variations are shown left and right)in Jewish Cabalistic writing seen in Fig. 23b. Although this image is not a perfect representation of theten sephirot, it has remarkable similarities such as circles at corners, and cris- crossing lines from dots.Also the unconnected dots are similar to the missing dot on the left hand figure in Fig. 23b, and lowerdot on the right hand figure inFig. 23b. Figs. 23a, and 23c, which can be found in the appendix, isFig. 23a redrawn for clarity, may be the precursor of the sephirot design. Note the ink spots arenumbered 1-2-3-4 in the center and A-B- C on the right hand side and a- b- c on the left hand side. Themain difference of Figs. 23a,23c and Fig. 23b is that the former puts all three columns beginning andending on the same outer ink spots, while the latter put each of the three rows on a different column.another difference is that Fig. 23b is a simpler design then Fig. 23a and 23c. The latter is hidden in theformer. Both the Quranic mystery of the Abbreviated Letters and the mystery study of the sefirot are ofan occult nature and deemed sacred.Fig. 23a.Similarity to Jewish occult sephirotmade by image of Quranic mysteryon left below6

Fig. 23b. The classic Sephirot on right above42The design of Figs. 23a, and the redrawn 23c version are composed of lines with four superimposedink spots which looks like a number of connecting lines with some ink spots. The germinal idea of thetree of life sephirot is the same: ten ink spots with connecting lines. Another similarity of the sephirot in Fig. 23b with Figs. 23a and 23c is that the design of Figs. 23aand the redrawn 23c version are composed of 18 lines plus 4 ambiguous ink spots making a total of 22parts the same number of letters as in the Hebrew alphabet. Also the sephirot pattern of Fig. 23b iscomprised of 22 connecting lines. The Sign of the Fish is in the Abbreviated Letters of Arabic Alphabet placed on the Cos Pattern An ancient pagan mark and also a sacred Christian sign for Christ was that of a fish. This fish wasalso the geometric design called the Vesica Piscis. A Vesica Piscis can be drawn on the three by fourlocation grid upon which the Cos Pattern can be laid out. (see Fig. 24) The letter nuun, which can mean fish and also pen, does makes the head of a fish. This fish is thesacred Vesicus Piscis sign of the fish. See how in Fig. 1, the 25th letter of the Arabic alphabet is theletter nuun ( s ) which occupies the same position as the head of the fish in the figure below. This is inthe 9th grouping seen in Fig. 13. In Fig. 6, this 25th letter nuun ( s ) makes the Ink Spot to the right ofthe lined figure, and in Fig. 7, you see this is the same number 25 in the full counting from 1 to 150 ofthe Cos Pattern. Thus the Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat in the Quran ends on the letter making the sign of a fishdrawn by a pen. 43Fig. 24. The sign of a fish or Vesica Piscis in the Cos Pattern The staff/ snake of Moses and the Abbreviated Letters As stated previously, the letter ta ( j) means snake and creates staff/snake addlines. Seventy fivepercent of all Surahs mentioning the staff of Moses turning into a snake have abbreviated letters. (Theyare 2, 7, 10, 17, 20, 26, 28, 40, 43. Surahs without abbreviated letters are 5, 17, 79.) Many of theseletters are staff/snake addlines. Two Surahs are very significant: 20 and 28. Both mention snakes, andboth have the letter ta ( j ) as one of the letters, and both Surahs draw staff/snake addlines. In factsurah 20 has the abbreviated letters named ta Ha. Surah 10 is very special as it is the only one which mentions Noah, Jonah, and Moses staff allhidden in the completed Muqattaat of Fig. 6. This Surah is the first of the D. Dove lettering ending inthe letter raa ( d ) (see Table 1) . The letter raa ( d ) in the upper right hand corner of Fig. 6, occupiesthe same location as the grouping in the upper right hand corner of Fig. 7 having the number 10. Thusthe first instance of the letter raa occurs in Surah 10 which is named Jonah. 44How Four Important Surahs May Have Been assigned positions in the Quran from the Cos Pattern We have seen previously the numbers and hence the Surahs with these numbers (40, 41, 42, 43, 44,45, 46) draw the leaf line on the letters haa miim( r`) in groupings 6 across to 8.(See Figs. 1, 6,7, 13 and table 1). In figure 25 these numbers are shown with black dotted linesNote they make theV shaped portion of the Cos Pattern, drawn as solid red lines for reference. (The full Cos Pattern isseen in Fig.7. Fig 1 is also the Cos Pattern but one line is not drawn for reasons only detailed in mybook.)These seven numbers are in the second GoRound. Immediately above the second GoRound isthe third. Here the equivalent seven numbers (68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74), are shown with red dottedlines. The first and final numbers 68 and 74 respectively, shown having large red dots are equivalent tothe Leaf Line drawing lower numbers 40 and 46 respectively.Do these two connected numbers have any significance in the laying out of Surahs in the Quran? Infact they do. Surah 68 is the final Abbreviated Letter Surah, The Fish or Pen having the single letternuun ( s ). Surah 74 called The Cloaked One contains the second revelation Mohammad received. Immediately above the number 68 in the fourth GoRound is the number 96 which is where the Surahhaving the first revelation called The Clot shown with a red triangle is located. At the bottom of theV shape, the first number between 68 and 74 in the red dotted lines is the number 71. Surah 71 is theSurah named for Noah. This location (location 7 see Fig. 13). This is the location of the doves feet.This again, is another connection of a dove with the story of Noah.When we compare Surah numbers with the traditional chronological order, we find only in the haamiim Surahs ( r`) 40 through 46, and one proceeding Surah 39 do we have consecutive numbering.Thus in chronological order we have Mecca 59 in Surah 39, Mecca 60 in Surah 40, Mecca 61 in Surah41, Mecca 62 in Surah 42, Mecca 63 in Surah 43, Mecca 64 in Surah 44, Mecca 65 in Surah 45, andMecca 66 in Surah 46. This consecutive arrangement is unique to these Surahs only. (These Surahs areafter Surah 38 which has one of the single Abbreviated Letters (Saad). This Surah also has the 38thchronological order of Mecca 38 in the traditional number reckoning.) There is a pattern which can account for the Surah numbering. We have seen the addition of thenumber 12 used before as when we add 12 to 38 to get 50 or when we add 12 to 56 to get 68. If we add12 to 39 we get 51. If we look at Table 1 the left hand row, you will notice the haa miim Surahs have 7 numbers. Adding 7 to 51 gives us 58. Now adding a 1 for the space in the left hand row of Surah 39gives us 59. In chronological order Mecca 39 becomes Surah 59. All the haa miim Surahs from 40through 46, work the same way. Thus Surah 46 is 46+ 12+7+1= 66 or Mecca 66.The above discussion is very significant since it may show how these important Surahs wereassigned there placements as 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 68, 71, 74, and 96 in the 114 total number ofSurahs.45Fig. 25.Importance of Surahs 68, 71, 74, and 96 in the Cos PatternVery ImportantObservation Concerning These Patterns

The traditional order of Surahs has 28 Surahs given at Medinah and 86 Surahs given at Mecca.Remember, there are 28 numbers in each GoRound. Thetotal number of Surahs was 114. This meansthere were 28+28+28+2 Surahs given at Mecca (28, 56, 84, 2), or one GoRound, and another, andanother given at Mecca for a total of 84, and one GoRound of Surahs given at Medena for a grand totalof 112. The 2 Surahs make the 113 and 114 Surah which constitutes the fifth GoRound. The reasonthis is important is that important Cos Pattern numbers 28 constituting each GoRound, and the totalnumber of Surahs 114 are here in the compiling of the Surahs. 46 Evidence The designs of the abbreviated Letters were present in ancient Islamic Art There is evidence the design was hidden in a branch of Islamic Art from the very earliest of times.The form of art called Arabesque may have gained its importance in Islamic Art because the parts ofArabesque may be hidden in the Muqattaat design. The actual design may not be seen in early artwork, but the germinal idea is present in every Arabesque ever created from the time of Mohammeduntil today. Arabesque design consists of twisting interconnecting vines, with attached leaves, (Thismotifdrawn in mosques around the world, including a vine and leaf like design in a gate around theProphet Mohammads tomb at Medina, are more realistically drawn than Fig. 6 is drawn. ) and non-connecting circles, ovals, or stars interspersed among the vines.Now look at the full design of Fig. 6and notice all the elements of the Arabesque design are also here. Thus the entire design of Fig. 6 maybe considered a twisting vine with non-connected to the vine a number ofcircles, ovals or stars Theinterconnected infinitely closed D. Dove lines and addlines are similar to the interconnected and closedvine leafs. These lines are not curving, but it is impossible to draw curved lines in a pattern consistingof only twelve points. The Leaf Line attaches to the interconnected infinitely closed D. Dove andaddlines, but is open at one end just like a leaf is attached at one end and open at the other end. In fact,the Leaf Line representing an olive leaf, is a leaf. The two Ambiguous Ink Spots also can be thegerminal ideas representing leaves attached to vines. The non- connecting Unambiguous Ink Spot isanalogous to the non- connecting circles, ovals, or stars in Arabesque designs. Thus all elements seenin Fig. 6 have analogous elements in Arabesque designs. Islamic Geometric designs also can be hidden in the design of Fig. 6 as it is obvious Fig. 6 consistsof triangles, and various angles which are staples of geometry. Likewise, just as the Islamic Geometricdesigns can be related to Arabesque designs, so also Fig. 6 can relate geometric elements with a vinedesign. Clues to the origin of the Abbreviated LettersA major observation is that the figure has a descending dove carrying a leaf in its beak. The leaf isdrawn by the letters haa miim. But there are no descriptions of any dove in the story of Noah and theflood nor any description of a leaf carried in its beak written in the Quran. This could indicate theimage was understood to be detailed from a reading of the book of Genesis which would be expectedfromJewish or Christian sources. We may be able to pin down this question even farther. Fig. 26is the Greek alphabet placed on theCos Pattern and Fig. 27 is the Latin alphabet placed on the Cos Pattern. (If you want to go into detailsconcerning these figures and the important words these alphabets can draw read my book SacredStones Sacred Stories vol. 1.)Each alphabet has 24 letters. (Note the Latin alphabet had two letters aV and a U where either where written as a V, hence the V shown double. ) Also note that the Latin version of the Arabic letters Ha (O ) and Ain ( l ) has the form of theGreek letters X and P which make a pagans scribe mark, and also the famous Constantine monogramof the Chi ro. Thus the Christian Chiro is in the Latin form of the pattern (see Fig. 27).Surah 19called Maryam (about the Virgin Mary) has the Arabic alphabet version of these two letters. (See Fig.1) Both alphabets can have two letters per grouping or 2 letters * 12 = 24 letters47They can be arranged : 2, 2, 2, 2 2, 2, 2, 2 2,2, 2, 2

Fig. 26. The Greek Alphabetin [r] mode.Fig. 27.The Latin Alphabetin [r] mode48The Arabic Alphabet is composed of 28 letters. The difference between the Greek and Latin Alphabetsare four letters which logically puts two at the beginning and two at the center of the Cos Pattern. Thisarrangement can have three letters in two grouping at the beginning of the pattern and three letters intwo groupings at the center of the pattern with all other groupings having two letters per groupings.{two letters * 9}=16 and {3 letters * 4} = 12. Then adding 16+12 =28. They can be arranged: 3, 2, 2, 2 2, 3, 2, 2 3, 2, 3, 2 Now look at Fig. 28. The red brackets are the 24 letter positions which can be either the Greek or the Latin Alphabets (or24 Arabic letters) shown in Figures 24 and 25 superimposed over the 28 letter positions of the ArabicAlphabet. Four Arabic letters, two in the outer pair and two in the inner center pair,can have no Greekor Latin equivalent. Above the letters are black bars drawn over the 14 Abbreviated Letters No blackbars are draw over the 14 non abbreviated Letters ( the hidden letters). Two letters, one in the outer andone in the inner center location, have no bars over them and can be ignored. We must look at the twoletters having bars over them-- one in the outer grouping and one in the inner grouping. These are theletters saad the 14th letter of the alphabet (h) and Kaaf the 21st letter of the alphabet ( o ). Theseletters have the distinction of being two of the single letters in the pattern. Saad ( h ) is a single letterin Surah 38 and Kaaf (o ) is a single letter in Surah 50. Both letters are on the line pattern. The veryspecial letter nuun (s ) in Surah 68 is not a part of the line pattern. The letter saad ( h ) can be shifted to the left in both Greek and Latin versions and be representedby the Greek or Latin letters M, but the letter Kaaf(o ) has no equivalent in either Greek or Latinversions. Only a 28 letter alphabet can draw the letter Kaaf ( o ). This location is the only locationneeding three letters or the only location having three bars over the letters. 49Fig. 28. Twenty four letter Greek or Latin Alphabet locations superimposed over twenty eight letterArabic Alphabet locations

The Greek or Latin Alphabets can draw the pattern seen in Fig. 29. Notice the similarity anddifferences between this figure and Fig. 20b.50Fig. 29.The Greek or Latin alphabets could draw this figureThe significance of the above discussion is that the Abbreviated Letter Muqattaat might have firstexisted in a Greek or Latin version. A Greek or Latin reading mathematician acknowledgeable withthis sacred mystery (see. Fig. 30 below) and familiar with the story of Noah and the flood as given inthe book of Genesis, and also able to read Arabic may have first converted the 24 letter Muqattaat intothe present Arabic 28 letter enhancement found in the Quran. If the Greek Alphabet is placed on the Cos Pattern, Greek words will create the pattern Fig. 30which bears a noticeable resemblance to the Arabic pattern of Fig. 6. If you wish to know the threewords which draw out this pattern and you also wish to learn more about every aspect of my work onthe Arabic andother demonstrations of the Cos Pattern, you can buy my book, Sacred Stones SacredStories.vol. 1 .The book also discusses the location of the Temple in Jerusalem. If you want to learnabout my work on the Urim and Thummim you can buy my book Sacred stones sacred stories. vol. 2. 7 Found In Surahs 15, 36, 4, 12, 26, 27, 28, 43, 44, 10, 19, 22, 24, 34, 46, 57, 28, 65. Many of these surahshaveMuqattaat letters.51Fig. 30. A Greek Alphabet version drawn on Cos Pattern of three words If the letters of the Arabic alphabet were to be arranged differently, all the observations given in thisarticle as well as the observations given in my volume 1 book, would not work. The symmetry of theD. Dovelines at the beginning ofTable 1 would not work. Only by arranging the Arabic alphabet onmy Cos Pattern does everything work perfectly. Why was the Abbreviated Letter (the muqattaah) found only in the beginning of each Surah and notin the middle or at the end? It appears the letters were deliberately placed here to be part of a pattern.What I have described are lines making part of a pattern.Why was the Abbreviated Letter (the muqattaah) Muqattaat put into the Quran? Most of theSurahs having these letters begins with the statements signs of a clear book, or use the wordsrevelation or reveal. It appears clearly toldstories about Noah, Jonah, Moses staff/snake, are hiddenin the design. A very sacred design was stamped but also hidden into the text of the Quran.Whoever put the Muqattaat into the Quran had to be literate to know the design andthe names ofthe letters. I suspect whoever put this stamp of letters into the Quran was privy to vary sacred, and asecretmysteries. The Quran says ...makes things clear7 but the Muqattaat was never seen as suchsince they have the hallmarks of a Muqattaat with the keys missing.The Muqattaat have connections with Kabba Stories in the Quran (concerning Hagar runningbetween the hills of Safa and Marwa), and with astrology (concerning well know Arabic Zodiacconstellations but this is not coming from statements in the Quran). These connections are alsodiscussed in my book SacredStories Sacred Stones Vol. 1.

8 see appendix52 A Master Plan For Determining Which Surah Would Have Muqattaat Letters

We have learned about the letters in Table 1 and we have seen which letter goes with what surah.Ihave discovered a master plan for determining which surah would have letters and which letters gowhere. This master plan works for all twenty nine surahs having Muqattaat letters. The change of thisbeing do to coincidence is astronomical. There are 14 letters in 29 surahs. This is half the number of letters in the Arabic Alphabet of 28letters. A special letter usually not counted called hamza makes 29 letters. (the hamza is over the alif inFig. 7 which is exactly how the hamza can be written.) Thus, the number of surahs having letters is thesame number of letters when counting the hamza, which also is the number of days in a month varyingbetween 29 and 30. The master plan I have discovered is as follows:1.(Refer to Figs. 7, 13 and Table 1 for the following.) Looking at the Cos Pattern8 in Figs. 7, 13, Ilocate from Table 1 each of the 29 surahs having Muqattaat letters.Again I draw out the Cos Pattern but with only these 29 numbered surahs shown in which consecutivenumbers are drawn as connected solid lines and non consecutive numbers are drawn as non connecteddashed lines. (See Fig. 31 below) 53Fig. 31ALL CHAPTERS NUMBERS INQURANHAVING SEGMENT LETTERS PLACED ON Cos PATTERN all numbers taken from Table 1 and Fig. 7 2. The number of lines are all in groups of threes (1) three thin lines drawn (2) twice three or sixmedium lines and (3) three thick lines.3. The 29 numbers were to be divided into two groups of consecutive numbers each having 7 numberseach making a total of 14 numbers. This number 14 is the same number of letters in the pattern. Wehave another grouping of 6 numbers. and also 5 non consecutive numbers. Then we have twogroupings of two numbers each making a total of 4 numbers. Note this is a pattern of (7+7)+ 6+5+(2+2) or 7, a 6 a 5 and a 4. (see first two columns of Table 5) 4.Next the surahs which would create this pattern could be determined as they all utilize this fact:Either we start or we finish with a number determined from either the left most or the rightmost column of the Cos Pattern in Fig. 7, or from a number in one of these two columns whichwe add or subtract the number 12. The number 12 is very important in the Cos Pattern as the patternis comprised of 12 groupings as you can see in Fig. 13. The non- consecutive number 38 can be foundon the left most column in Fig. 7. An example: we can say we add or subtract zero from this number(38 add or subtract 0 = 38). Another example illustrating consecutive numbers would be the sevennumbers beginning with the number 40. The number 28 is on the left most column in Fig. 7. If we add12 we get 40. ( 28+12= 40) See Table 1 listing all the surahs having letters. Table 4 shows consecutive surah numbers in the left hand column. The next column counts theseconsecutive numbers. For ease of counting, I alternate grays rows with white rows. The next column,highlighted by diagonal lines, shows the 7 consecutive surah numbers 26 - 32 and another 79 The Mysterious Letters OfThe Koran: Old Abbreviations Of The Basmalah; James A. Bellomy; Jouraalof the American Oriental Society 93.3 (1973);p. 27154consecutive surah numbers 40- 46 makes a total of 14 numbers which is the number of letters makingthe Muqattaat.I also have two groupings to two numbers highlighted in checkerboard in this column.They are numbered surahs 19- 20 and 2-3. The next column shows whether the number in the firstcolumn is (C)onsecutiveor (N)ot consecutive. The fifth column is very significant as it shows allnumbers created by the previous paragraph numbered 4.Note that each group of numbers (highlightedin gray or white) has either 12 added or subtracted from the left or right hand column of numbers, oreven nothing added to the number. The base left hand or right hand numbers are highlighted in boldtype as well as the number 12 which is also a right hand number. These bold numbers are at either thefirst or the last row of the grouping. Also note that nothing may be added or subtracted in the middle ofgroupings.For example, the seven (C)onsecutive numbers 26 through 32, has in its first row thenumber 12 can be subtracted from 38, a number in the right hand column of Fig. 7, to give the number26. Surah 26 is the start of the 7 consecutive numbers. The next column labeled show shows in boldwhether the number is from the left or the right hand side of the Fig. 7. The next column labeled letterdescription shows the type of line these letters create. The last column draws the letters in this surah.A very special number is surah 2 which is the first surah having Muqattaat letters. Note that thisnumber is next to the number (12 ) we have been adding or subtracting from. If we subtract number 10,which is a right hand number in Fig. 7, from number 12 ,we get 2 the first surah having letters.Again, in this grouping of two consecutive numbers (2 -3) one number from either the beginning or theend of the grouping has numbers in grayed or white add or subtract 12"column in Table 5. This isthe only row not having the number 12 added or subtracted from a left or right hand number, but inreverse the number subtracted from 12. In Table 4 the range of surah numbers having letters runs between 2 thorough 68. The number 2 is ina two number grouping (2 - 3), while the number 68 is a single number grouping. These three surahswere atypical very early or very late revelations, while all other Muqattaat surahs were not9. My pointis that the atypical surahs (2 and 3) forms a grouping in this table.Table 4.Count Groups of Surahs by whether they are or are not consecutive SurahnumberCount/consecutive add orsubtracttwelve orzerofrom letterdescriptionletters are 26 11 C 38-12= 26left Snake/Addlinefj27 2 2 C Snake/Addlinefj28 3 3 C 28 + 0 = 28

left Snake/Addlinerfj5529 4 4 C 29 + 0 = 29left D. Dover q U30 5 5 CD. Dover q U31 6 6 CD. Dover q U32 7 7 C D. Dover q U40 1 8 C 28+12= 40 left Leaf Liner`41 2 9 C Leaf Liner`42 3 10 C Leaf Liner` o fl 43 4 11 C Leaf Liner`44 5 12 C Leaf Liner`45 6 13 C Leaf Liner`46 7 14 C Leaf Liner`10 1 C 10 +0= 10right D. Doved q U11 2 C D. Doved q U12 3 C D. Doved q U13 4 CD. Dovedr qU 14 5 CD. Doved q U15 6 CD. Doved q U7 1 N 19-12= 7 right D. Doveh r q U 36 1 N 48- 12= 36 right Snake/Addlinef w5638 1 N 38+ 0 = 38 left Ambiguous inkspoth50 1 N 38+12= 50 left Ambiguous inkspoto68 1 N 56+ 12= 68 left Ink Spots19 1 C 19+0 = 19 right Snake/Addlineh l wop20 2 CSnake/Addlineoj2 1 C 12- 10 = 2right D. Dover q U3 2 C D. Dover q U Table 5 is similar to Table 4 but the emphasis is on identical consecutive letters numbers in the righthand column. The next column shows what type of a line these letters draw (see paper on AbbreviatedLetters in the Quran-- a Solution) inconsecutive order numbers. As with Table 5 for ease of counting,I alternate grays rows with white rows. The remaining rows are similar to Table 5. For example, from Table 6 we can see there are six surah numbers all having the letters alif, laam,miim ( r q U ) . These surah numbers are 29, 30, 31, 2, 3. The similar groupings of letters alif, laam, raa ( d q U ) also have six surah numbers shown in Table6. Again, we have two groups of seven numbers highlighted by diagonal lines in the Count/consecutive column. We have seven consecutive numbers 40 - 46, and seven single numbers 28, 20, 19, 36, 38, 50 and 68.We have one group of two consecutive numbers highlighted incheckerboard. They are 26- 27. Either end have number in the add or subtract 12" column. This table has three ambiguous problems of classification. Surah 42 which has two letters on the toprow and three letters on the bottom row can be considered one of the seven leaf line haa miim ( r` )letters since these two letters constitute the top row only. This number has three bottom row letters notfound in the normal sequence, so number is problematic. Surah 13 is ambiguous since we have alif,laam, with both amiim and a raa. Also Surah 20 is the only exception in Table 6 but in table 5 thereare no exceptions. 57Table 5. Count of Surahs having similar letters whether they are or are not consecutiveSurahnumberCount/consecutive add orsubtracttwelve or zerofrom letter description letters are 40 1 1 C 28+12= 40 left Leaf Liner`41 2 2 C Leaf Liner`42 3 3 CConsecutive on top line only Leaf Liner` o fl 43 4 4 C Leaf Liner`44 5 5 C Leaf Liner`45 6 6 C Leaf Liner`46 7 7 C Leaf Liner`29 1 C 29 + 0 = 29 left D. Dover q U30 2 C D. Dover q U31 3 CD. Dover q U32 4 C D. Dover q U2 5 CD. Dover q U3 6 C 12 - 10 = 3 right D. Dover q U7 1 N 19-12= 7 right D. Doveh r q U 10 1 C 10 +0= 10right D. Doved q U11 2 C D. Doved q U5812 3 C D. Doved q U13 4 C ambiguous-since havingsame letters D. Dovedr qU 14 5 C D. Doved q U15 6 CD. Doved q U26 1C 38-12= 26left Snake/Addlinefj27 2 C Snake/Addlinefj28 1 1 C 28 + 0 = 28left Snake/Addlinerfj20 1 2 N works only inTable 5Snake/Addlineoj19 1 3 N19+0 = 19 right Snake/Addlineh l wop36 1 4 N 48- 12= 36 right Snake/Addlinef w38 1 5 N 38+ 0 = 38 left Ambiguous inkspoth50 1 6 N 38+12= 50 left Ambiguous inkspoto68 1 7 N 56+ 12= 68 left Ink Spots Table 6 shows very important facts. In Fig. 13, first locate grouping {12}. Here you will find threenumbers in the right most hand column: 28, 56 and 84 which are located one above the other in thevertical column. If the number 12 is added to each of these numbers you would reach three numbers ingrouping {6} ofFig. 13. These three numbers are 40, 68, and 96 which also are located one above theother in this vertical column. The number 40 is the first of the seven haa miim ( r` ) surahs shown in Table 6. The number 68 isthe only surah having the unique single letter nuun ( s ) in the final surah having Muqattaat letters.59The number 96 does not have any letters because it is greater then the number 68 but it holds a veryspecial surah. Surah 68 holds the second revelation (the second oldest revelation). The very firstrevelation (the oldest revelation) unquestionably can be found in Surah 96. It is remarkable that thefirst and second revelations can be found one over the other in this pattern of Fig. 7 and that evenSurah 40 which holds the beginning of a very special grouping of seven surahs is part of this pattern.They all can be counted by adding 12 and they all can be added from the right hand side of the samegrouping which is half the number of groupings away from each other (If there are a total of {12 }groupings, then half this number is in the {6} grouping as seen in Fig. 13).The important conclusion we can assume from this is that unless this is all do to coincidencewhoever arranged the current order of surahs with details such as where to locate the first andsecond revelations also where to locate the haa miim letters and the Muqattaat letter surahs, wereusing the number pattern similar to Fig. 7. Table 6 Three Surah Numbers Form a Very Important Pattern SurahnumberMuqattaatlettersadd orsubtracttwelve from letterdescriptionlettersaretime ofrevelationgroupingoflettersfrom40 yes 28+12= 40 right Leaf Liner`-------- 40- 4668 yes 56+ 12= 68 right Ink Spotssecond --------96 no 84+ 12 = 96 right ------ ------- first--------- Two additional surahs are of this same pattern but not formed from group {12} and seen in group{6} but instead was formed in group {5} and seen in group {10} (See Fig. 13 to seegroupings.) Thesetwo numbers are shown in Table 7.Note that when 12 is added to the base number 38, the resultingnumber is 50. Both numbers would create the ambiguous ink spots in seen in Fig. 6. Both numbers(surahs 38) have a single Muqattaatletter Saad ( h)which also appears in Surah 7 as the last letterin( h r q U) , and a single Muqattaat letter Kaaf ( o) in Surah 42 as the last of the three bottomrow letters Kaaf ( o fl).The only appearance i.e. the unique single unambiguous ink spot letternuun ( s ) is at Surah 68. (also see Table 1)10 ibid p. 26760Table 7 Two Surah Numbers also part of a Very Important Pattern SurahnumberMuqattaat letters add or subtracttwelve from letter description singleletter is38 yes 38+0 = 38 leftAmbiguous inkspoth50 yes 38+ 12= 50 left Ambiguous inkspoto Again, this table 7 is more evidence that the number pattern of Fig. 7 and the design of Fig. 6 wereknown by the editors and arrangers of the surahs and influenced the placement of surahs havingletters, and also the spelling of these letters were deliberate and not random coincidences based onmistakes in reading or spelling words. There are a number of Pre- Uthmanic Variants10 with missing letters from the official Quran version.Variant versions had to be destroyed with only one official version allowed but known copies of somevariants called codexes have survived. A fact can be deduced from these variants: only the officialversion is perfect as each variant has some detectable error. The number of surahs must be exactly114 with 113 and 114 constituting a group. Surahs 40 through 46 must be a grouping with no surahmissing. Surah 68 must have the single letter nuun and not have any letters. If this letter were missingas it is in a variant, the ink spot in the image seen in Fig.6 would be missing. Surah 38 must not beconsecutive with numbers 37 or 39 or Fig. 31 would have the wrong number of consecutive and nonconsecutive lines. The Importance of The abjadi Order the hijai Order Now I shall discuss the importance of the aabjadi Order and the hijai Order. Originally there wasthe abjadi Order, an alphabetic order different from the present hijai Order. At the time theMuqattaat was written in the Quran, the former order was in vogue. But everything in these papersrequire the later order to work. This section will discuss the older order and how it relates to theMuqattaat and also how the two orders can be reconciled with each other. The top row of Table 8 shows the aabjadi Order (Magreb variation). The next row shows thecounting of letters. (reading right to left.) The next row shows rather that above drawn letter is aMuqattaat letter (Y) or is not a Muqattaat letter (n). There are shown in the bottom three rows 14Muqattaat letters (Y) shown in gray, and 14 non -Muqattaat letters (n) shownclear. The first 22 letters are the ancient Hebrew/ Phoenician letters, with the last 6 letters being uniqueletters of the Arabic Alphabet. Note all of the (Y) lettersare within the 22 letter sequence. There are more common variations of this alphabetic order, but this an older version works best. 11 The first letter alif in the Muqattaat is the first letters in both the aabjadi Order and in the hijaiOrder. Different Muqattaat letters occupy the consecutive even numbers 10, 12, 14, 16 in both of these orders. 61Table 8.The aabjadi Orderg m k c a Y X f d o C n l hs r q p w j ` e uob Z V U28272625242322212019181716151413121110090807060504030201n n n n n n n Y Y Y n n Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y n n Y n n n Y left over323 3 32 1 31 Examining the third row, you will notice the pattern of threes: a grouping of three (n)o flanked by two(Y) es on either side.Then a double grouping of threes (Y)es with two (n)os on either side. Thenanother grouping of three (Y)es, with the remaining letters being all (n)o. The bottom row numbers thegroupings of Muqattaat and non - Muqattaat letters. This pattern has a very important fact: the center letter as seen in the middle row at number 14 is theletter nuun( s )with its special properties of being the only unique and single letter marking the finalsurah having letters. From what I have shown in all my papers is that this aabjadi Order is not the alphabetic orderwhich works, but it is the later hijai Order (dating from within a century of Muhammads time or his successor Uthman ) seen in Fig. 1 and in Table 9 which does.For the Muqattaat to work, a key is to rearrange the aabjadi Order, so that the 14th letter nuun(s)is placedon the 25th location as seen if Fig. 1. All similar shaped lettersthen were groupedtogether into the hajai Order. Here in the hijai Order, the 14th letter is the letter Saad( h ) anotherone of the three single letters of the Muqattaat11. (Again in the middle and bottom rows, the 14Muqattaat letters are shown in gray, and the 14 non - Muqattaat letters are shown clear.) Table 10 shows the later hijai Order which is the key to the Muqattaat letter Muqattaat. This tableis set up in similar fashion as Table 3. Notice letters of similar shape are grouped together but a patternstill emerges. The non - Muqattaat letters (reading from right to left) are in groups of 4, 3, 2, and 112 The Story of the Quran, Its History and Place in Muslim Life; Ingrid Mattson;Wiley- Blackwell; WestSussex, UK; p. 206 62letters (all shown in clear). There are Muqattaat letters (in gray) on the first and last letters andbetween the 4th and 3rd non - Muqattaat groupings. There are three groupings of Y-n-Y, n-Y-n, andY-n-Y between the 2nd and 3rd non - Muqattaat groupings.Table 9.The hijai Orderw uos r q p o n m l k j C hg f e d c b a ` Z Y X V U28272625242322212019181716151413121110090807060504030201Y n Y Y Y Y Y Y n n Y n Y n Y n Y n Y n n n Y n n n n Y1 1 3 32 3 3 33 1411. The Muqattaat was designed to be spoken and written as a Muqattaat. 2. Must be literate in Arabic Alphabet to create and solve this Muqattaat. 3. After reading my other papers, you will come to the conclusion the designer must have beenawareof a numbered surah order. 4. Here is a very important fact: the whole Quran including the Muqattaat is to be chanted out loudthe act of reading is an aid but hearing the recitation of the words is the only correct and original waythe Quran was transmitted ( the word Quran means a recitation and not to read silently. Then eachletter of the Muqattaat has to be alphabetically named very slowly letter by letter out loud.Theletters being spoken by name goes back to the earliest of times. This fact of spelling out the name ofthe letters from the very beginning may be the key to understanding the origins of this Muqattaat. Youdo not say aaaa-llll--mmmm but you do say aaallliiifff-lllaaamm-mmmiiimmm etc. Pre IslamicPoetry may have letters spoken as named letters12, but the Muqattaat has facts which are unique in theQuran: the number of letters and the number of Surahs including their locations in the book haveperfect and definite mathematical relationships with each other. These papers show page after page ofevidence proving this. Each figure, table and graph shows this. Two simple examples can show this,such as the number of the letters used is half the number of letters in the alphabet (14 letters is half of28) and the number of surahs is the full number of letters in the alphabet (29 surahs where the numberof letters in the alphabet is 28 plus the special letter hamza make 29). Then we can show how all theletters can draw the figure which matches texts in the corresponding surahs as seen in Fig. 6. No othertheory can explain why these letters were chosen or why there are 29 surahs having letter and not 54 or8 or 73. But here is the most important point of all: The only way my theory can work is by speaking outloud the alphabetic names of the letters.The speaking out loud with emphasis the alphabetic names63of the letters is telling where on the design of Fig. 1 are the letters correct letters to draw lines to makethe pattern the completed pattern ofFig. 6. It is as if when all the letters are n