TRADITIONAL CONCEPT TOWARD THE SUSTAINABLE BUILT DESIGN IN BALI

Ni Made Yudantini11 Architecture Programme Study, Engineering Faculty, Udayana Unviersitynmyudantini@unud.ac.id

Urban Retrofitting: Building, Cities and Communities in The Disruptive Era

The 20thInternational Conference on

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INTRODUCTION & LITERATURE REVIEWPlace Your Affiliation Logo Here

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1. Introduction

Bali as one tourism destination, is known for its beautiful landscape, cuklture, tradition, and architecture. The Balinese traditional architecture that soul by Hindu Religion with the Tri Hita karana Concept that implemented into the people life.

There are two types of Balinese culture that based on the Majapahit's culture influencing. Bali Apanagais adopted the Majapahit culture mosltya located in the South part of Bali. Bali Aga (Bali Mula/Bali Kuno) is adopted their original traditions, that did not influenced by the Majapahit culture. Bali Aga located in the highland, mountain, fringe of lake, mostly in the North part of Bali.

The Balinese house of both villages consists of small unit buildings that resistant to the disaster riks, environmental friendly to nature, toward sustain the built design of architecture. In this case, the Balinese keep the quality of the environment.

The research seek the uniqueness of traditional concepts implementation into traditional housing for sustainable built design.

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2.1. The Quality of EnvironmentAccording to Keles (2012) the quality of environment is depend on the quality of life of the people that has relation to the factors of economic, social, culture, psychological and environment.

The characteristic of quality of life (Keles, 2012):1. The condition of individuality and their perceptions2. multidimensional concept including education, housing condition, employment, work-life balance, access to public service and interactions.3. The people's living conditions and their attitudes in the society.

There are many factors contribute to the living of the people in their environment such as settlement and it surroundings. The significant factors including public utilities, pollutions and degradation of resources in the development construction.

2. Literature Review

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2.2. The Balinese Traditional Concept2. Literature Review

GodParama Atma

HumanBhuana Alit

UniverseBhuana Agung

Embrio(Manik)

Womb(Cucupu)

Tri Hita Karana

Human Physic Division(Tri Angga)

Universe Physic Division(Tri Loka)

Detail BuildingHousing Pattern Village Pattern

Regional Pattern

Utama Angga

Madya Angga

Nista Angga

Head

Body

Leg

Swah

Bwah

Bhur

Upper Universe

Middle Universe

Bottom Universe

Human

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2.3. The Bali Aga, and The Bali Apanaga2. Literature Review

Reuter (2002) called “the Mountain Balinese”

Gregor Krause (1912): the social and cultural life of the Balinese people in the Bangli area.

Covarrubias (1974) illustrates the life of people in Bali, caste, organization, villages, ceremony, craft and art, including modern Bali and the future

Carole Muller (2011) Field Works in the 1980s 25 Bali Aga villages in four areas in Bali Island (Central Mountains, North East Coast, Central South and East Bali)

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2. Literature Review2.3. The Bali Aga, and The Bali Apanaga

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3. Methodology

This research is based on a qualitative research method that has emphasized to case study in two different areas.

Pinggan Village Bali AgaDenpasar Bali Apanaga

Data collected through observation, interview, literature review, institutional study.

Anaysis through qualitative descriptive to bring result and answer the hypothesis of the significant traditional concept for sustainable built design.

Denpasar City

Pinggan Village

Bali Aga villages distribution in Bali Province and Denpasar City

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Pinggan Village-->Bali Aga

Utama

Madya

Nista

Linear pattern in housing unit of Pinggan Village

Sakaroras in Pinggan Village

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Denpasara City --> Bali Apanaga

Note:1. Pamerajan/household shrine/family temple2. Pengijeng Natah/small shrine in the plaza/natah3. Paon/kitchen4. Bale Dauh/parent’s pavilion5. Umah Meten/girls pavilion6. Bale Dangin/boys pavilion7. Lumbung/granary8. Pemesuan/house main entrance

Natah as a place for religious activities

The housing pattern in the mainland area consist of merajan, bale dangin, bale daja, bale dauh, bale delod, jineng (granary) livestock, traditional main entrance (pemesuan)

Utama

Madya

Nista

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Sustainable Built Design and Environment

Balinese traditional pillar (saka) construction for earthquake resistance

The traditional structure and construction is one of principle in the Balinese traditional architecture to conserve the traditional building, as an identity, resistant from earthquake.

The buildings developed into small units that arrange with distance to each other bring air flow into the building, avoid fire risk.

The surroundings of the buildings planted by the vegetation that has aesthetic function, as a barrier from ash and sunlight

The natah as a central point meeting for security

It can conclude the of houses is a that can

and.

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The Bali Aga that did not inflenced by the Majapahit period, still implement their original norms and values into their traditional building of sakaroras and bale meten.

The Bali Apanaga as a new culture that influenced by the Majapahit period, the people still retain the Balinese traditional concept with compound pattern (natah) into their traditional housing, athough nowadays combined with modern buildings.

conserve the tradition architecture norms.

Traditional concept implementation answered the disaster risk for sustainable built design of traditional buildings.

This is also as a cultural identity especially for traditional architecture.

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[1] Kales, R. The Quality of Life and the Environment. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 35; 2012; 23-32. Elsevier B.V.[2] Budihardjo. Architectural Conservation in Bali. Yogyakarta: gajah mada University Press.1995.[3] Putra, I. G. M. Perumahan. Denpasar: Seksi Pameran Arsitektur Pesta Kesenian Bali Propinsi Bali. 1984[4]Sulistyawati, dkk. Preservasi Lingkungan Perumahan Pedesaan dan Rumah Tradisional Bali di Desa Bantas, Kabupaten Tabanan. Denpasar: P3M Universitas Udayana.1985.[5] Dwijendra, N. K. A. (2003). Perumahan dan Permukiman Tradisional Bali. Jurnal Permukiman Natah, 1(1), 1-51[6] Meganada, I. W. Morfologi Grid Patern Pada Desa di Bali. Bandung, Indonesia: Program Pasca Sarjana S-2 Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Bandung. 1990.[7] Adhika, I. M. Peran Banjar Dalam Penataan Komunitas Perkotaan di Bali, Studi Kasus Kota Denpasar. Bandung, Indonesia: Program Magister Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Program Pasca Sarjana, Institut Teknologi Bandung. 1994.[8] Davison, J. Introduction to Balinese Architecture. Singapore: Periplus Editions. 2003.[9] Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Propinsi Bali, “Inventarisasi Desa-Desa Tradisional Bali, Pemerintah Propinsi Daerah Tingkat I Bali,” Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Propinsi Bali, Proyek Perencanaan Konservasi Lingkungan Desa (1988/1989), 1989.[10] Reuter, Thomas A., ”Custodians of the Sacred Mountains; Culture and Society in the Highlands of Bali,” University of Hawai‟i Press, Honolulu, 2002.[11] Covarrubias, M., “Island of Bali,” Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press/Indira, 1974.[12] Dwijendra, N. K. A., “Arsitektur dan Kebudayaan Bali Kuno,” Denpasar: Udayana University Press, 2009.[13] Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. Basic Qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication. 1998.[14] Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif (Qualitative and Quantitative Reserach Methods). Bandung: Alfabeta. 2008

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The 20th International Conference on Sustainable Environment & Architecture

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