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TETRA Terminals Review. TETRA Ireland Conference, Dublin David Taylor, Senior Consultant Mason Communications Wednesday 13 April 2005. TETRA Terminals Review. Introduction TETRA Terminal Evolution Some Key Terminal Issues Drivers for New Terminal Development Summary. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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TETRA Terminals Review
TETRA Ireland Conference, Dublin
David Taylor, Senior ConsultantMason Communications
Wednesday 13 April 2005
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminals Review
1. Introduction
2. TETRA Terminal Evolution
3. Some Key Terminal Issues
4. Drivers for New Terminal Development
5. Summary
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminals Review
1. Introduction
2. TETRA Terminal Evolution
3. Some Key Terminal Issues
4. Drivers for New Terminal Development
5. Summary
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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First Generation TETRA Handportables
• First generation terminals no longer in market
• Limited processing power and memory
• First generation terminals provided simple ‘entry level’ features but:
– Had many supplier specific ‘TETRA’ implementations
– Limited talkgroup numbers
– Limited Static Cipher Key capability
– New features difficult to incorporate (e.g. Transmit Inhibit)
– Little or no possibility for software upgrades
– Poor battery performance
Comparison between analogue and TETRA
1G terminal
(Aachen Pilot)
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Second Generation Handportables• More processing power and memory
– Ability to implement new features by software upgrade
• Extended battery life
• Reduced size + weight
• Capable of:
– WAP browser
– Hardware support for SIM
– Multi-slot data?
• Colour Display
• Voice Feedback
Public Safety Examples
Commercial Examples
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Enhanced Second Generation Handportables
• Even more processing power and memory
– Physically the same as previous equipment, but often new platform under the skin
• Widespread use of better colour screens
• Integrated GPS receiver
• Enhanced MMI, with larger numbers of groups supported, and better group management
• End-to-end encryption supported (may be additional module)
Public Safety Examples
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Handportable Terminals - size and weight
600g
400g
200g
1st Generation
1997 1998 1999
PAMR
Public Safety
2nd +
20042002
2nd Generation
2001 2003
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminal Interoperability
• Terminal Interoperability is a key requirement for the vast majority of users
• Many TETRA systems currently in operation are supporting terminals from a range of suppliers
• Suppliers involved in an active TIP programme
• At the last TETRA World Congress in Vienna, November 2004, TETRA interoperability was demonstrated with terminals from the following manufacturers:
• Cleartone
• DeTeWe/FWK
• OTE
• Motorola
• Nokia
• Sepura
• Teltronic
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminals Review
1. Introduction
2. TETRA Terminal Evolution
3. Some Key Terminal Issues
4. Drivers for New Terminal Development
5. Summary
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Overview
• Still a need for mobile and portable terminals
– Mainly portables for mobile workers
– However cars are still equipped
– Need for motorcycle and other specialist terminals in Public Safety
• Portables could be personal issue, or picked up from station at start of shift
– Public Safety Encrypted radios are secure devices, and need to be treated as such
• Most suppliers are now in enhanced second generation terminals
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Basic Terminal User RequirementsFeature Public Safety Commercial
Size and Weight1
Battery Life1
‘Coverage’
Security
Rugged
DMO
Sim V&D
High Speed Data
Accessories
PEI
1 Handportable RequirementPortable Mobile
Commercial PublicSafety
Market Streams Now FutureNow Future
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Battery Life
• NiCad batteries not used for some years now
• Most portables now use Li Ion batteries
• Improvements are in battery capacity and weight, not in extended battery life
• Most suppliers offer standard and extended life batteries, to achieve the duty cycle
1997 1999 20022001
10
20
30
Typical Battery Life (90/5/5)
G1PublicSafety
G1PAMR
G2PublicSafety
Year
Hours
NiCad
Li Ion
NiMH
Ene
rgy
Den
sity
Battery Technology
x 1.3
x 2
x 1
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Direct Mode
Expectation was for a powerful set of DMO functionality
• Repeaters, gateways, gateway/repeaters, dual watch
Where are we today?
• Basic DMO in use, with gateways used to extend coverage
Still to be addressed
• Security
• Channel surveillance
• SDS-TL
• PEI for DMO
• Dual Watch
• Frequency Efficient Mode
Mostly Software?
• Interoperability was a problem but now a basic TIP
• A few manufacturers of gateways and repeaters
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Simultaneous Voice and Data
Expectation was for simultaneous voice and data calls
• Any combination of single or multiple calls (e.g. voice call and simultaneous data download)
Where are we today?
• Various ‘pseudo-simultaneous’ services
• Voice and SDS/Status
– Number of different signalling channels (FACCH, SACCH etc) depending upon the current state of the call
– Slower than operation on main control channel
• Alternating Packet Data and Voice/SDS
– Service Interaction TIP and Test Plan available
– Allow suspension of one service to get another
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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High Speed Data
Where are we today?
• Support for circuit mode is limited (no TIP, fewer & fewer Manufacturers)
• Single slot packet data well established, typically 4.8KBps max with error correction
Expectation was for ‘high speed’ multi-slot data
• Back in 1997, the quoted 28.8KBps, using four concatenated timeslots, was being described as being fast…..
For higher speeds in TETRA1, multi-slot data is needed
• Multi slot will be available in very near future
• Greater processing power will allow portables to do more than on slot
TETRA2, still being developed
• TEDS (TETRA Enhanced Data Service) in standardisation
• Will be available in a few years, but needs increased channel bandwidths for the higher data rates – spectrum planning
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Location Services
• User requirement has pushed manufacturers to offer integrated GPS solutions
• This includes locating the person, not just vehicles
– APLS (Automatic Person Location Service)
• ETSI standards being enhanced to include a Location protocol standard - LIP
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Personalisation• Portability of personalisation data attractive for
– Mobile terminals (personal issue not practical)
– Shared terminals (transfer of data between shifts, e.g. telephone numbers)
– Replacement and repair
Upload/download from radio
• Re-program of terminal
• Download/upload via PEI
• Download/upload via TETRA
• Download/upload via local (non-TETRA) wireless link
• Multiple profile storage in terminal
SIM
• Widely used
• Likely to be standardised solution
• Not robust
• Security?
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminals Review
1. Introduction
2. TETRA Terminal Evolution
3. Some Key Terminal Issues
4. Drivers for New Terminal Development
5. Summary
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Drivers for New Terminal Development
• TETRA terminal volumes are a small fraction of the GSM market (1-2%)
• Manufacturers seeking to exploit synergies with other product lines and technologies
• Common software and hardware platforms to reduce development costs
• TETRA standards and feature roll-out continuously evolving
• Competition in the TETRA market – manufacturers cannot afford to sit back and see their terminals eclipsed by others
• Latest trends in GSM and 3G
– Colour displays
– Polyphonic ring tones
– Camera
– MMS
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Third Generation TETRA Terminals
• Current terminal development cycle 18 – 24 months
• Higher levels of integration and more MIPs
– Class E equalisers?
• Multi-mode (TETRA/GSM/UMTS?) operation??
• Enhanced data facilities, including Java
• Availability of data-only ‘modem’ units (here now)
• Over the Air download and configuration
• Will we see PDA type devices with TETRA capability?
• TETRA2 Highest speed data (nQAM) not until fourth generation?
= !
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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TETRA Terminals Review
1. Introduction
2. TETRA Terminal Evolution
3. Some Key Terminal Issues
4. Drivers for New Terminal Development
5. Summary
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Summary
• There remains some functionality to be delivered
• Hand portable terminals will continue to evolve to be lighter and smaller
• Interoperability is a reality; TIP determines minimum feature profile
• Key terminal issues being resolved: personalisation, MMI, RF Sensitive Mode
• Short terminal release cycle – this has a real commercial impact
• Specialist terminals and peripherals are starting to be commercially available
• TETRA Release 2 promises much but commercial reality is still several years away
• TETRA offers unique PMR type functionality that is not provided by public cellular networks
© Copyright 2005 – Mason Group Ltd
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Questions?
David Taylor
Mason Communications Ltd
5 Exchange Quay, Manchester
M5 3EF, UK
Tel: +44 (0)161 877 7808
www.mason.biz