Test 1b - Scholastic€¦ · Read the passage. Then answer questions 3–5. Gender Trends in US Immigration 1 Throughout most of US history, the number of single male immigrants has

1READ 180 Next Generation Stage B • Test 1b

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Test 1b

DIRECTIONS: This is a reading test. Follow the directions for each part of the test, and choose the best answer to each question.

Sample Questions

Sample a

Which two sentences should not end with a question mark?

a.Why aren’t you coming to the party?

b.I can’t believe I’m turning thirteen?

c.What kind of cake should I have?

d.I opened each present carefully?

e.When should I write thank-you notes?

Name Date


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COmpREhENSION

Read the passage. Then answer questions 1 and 2.

Coming to America

1 People have been making their way to the area we know as North and

South America for thousands of years. They have traveled in different ways.

2 ThefirstimmigrantstotheNewWorldprobablycameduringtheIceAge.

These people were most likely hunters from the northeast part of Asia. Many

scientists believe that the hunters walked across a land bridge from Asia to

Alaska. The land bridge was created by the freezing cold temperatures of the

Ice Age. During this time, much of the world’s water froze into huge sheets of

ice called glaciers. That caused ocean levels to drop, so some of the land that is

now under water was dry ground.

Sample B

What is a synonym for the word purchase as it is used in the following sentence?

Maria plans to purchase a new backpack before school starts.

a.buy

b.make

c.sell

d.trade

(continued)

Sample Questions


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3 When the Ice Age ended, ice melted and caused oceans to rise. Rising

water separated the Americas from northeastern Asia. The two continents

remained isolated for thousands of years until people learned to build and sail

boats. European explorers eventually reached the New World in ships.

4 The second wave of immigration to North and South America followed the

voyage of Columbus in 1492. Over the next few hundred years, settlers from

many European countries traveled to the Americas by sailing ship. The journey

wasoftendifficultandtookmanymonths.Manypeoplewerefrightenedwhile

traveling on the small, crowded ships, especially in stormy weather.

5 In the mid-1800s, steamships were built that could cross oceans. Traveling

from Europe and Asia to the Americas became less dangerous. The voyage still

wasn’t easy, but travel time was reduced from months to weeks. As a result,

millions of immigrants arrived and the population of the New World exploded.

6 The airplane was invented in 1903, but it took about 70 years before

immigration by plane became widespread. Flying was too expensive for

mostpeople.Nowthatairtravelismoreaffordable,manyimmigrantsflyto

the Americas.

1. paRT a

What is the main idea of “Coming to america”?

a.Over the centuries, immigrants to America have traveled here in a variety of ways.

b.Before the steamship was invented, the journey to America was verydifficult.

c.Over the centuries, people have immigrated to America for a wide variety of reasons.

d.ThefirstAmericanswalkedacrossalandbridgetogethere.


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paRT B

Which detail supports the main idea of the passage?

a.“ThefirstimmigrantstotheNewWorldprobablycameduringthe Ice Age.”

b.“These people were most likely hunters from the northeast part of Asia.”

c.“The land bridge was created by the freezing cold temperatures of the Ice Age.”

d.“When the Ice Age ended, ice melted and caused oceans to rise.”

e.“Over the next few hundred years, settlers from many European countries traveled to the Americas by sailing ship.”

2. paRT a

How did the invention of steamships affect immigration to the United States?

a.Immigration slowed down because there were fewer steamships than sailing ships.

b.The number of immigrants grew rapidly because the trip took less time.

c.Immigration increased because travel by steamship was fun and inexpensive.

d.The number of immigrants decreased because steamships were uncomfortable and dangerous.


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paRT B

Which sentence from the passage supports the answer to part a?

a.“European explorers eventually reached the New World in ships.”

b.“Many people were frightened while traveling on the small, crowded ships, especially in stormy weather.”

c.“In the mid-1800s, steamships were built that could cross oceans.”

d.“The voyage still wasn’t easy, but travel time was reduced from months to weeks.”

e.“Flying was too expensive for most people.”

Read the passage. Then answer questions 3–5.

Gender Trends in US Immigration

1 Throughout most of US history, the number of single male immigrants has

been higher than the number of single female immigrants. There are several

reasons for this difference. But over time these trends have changed. Today

the number of male and female immigrants is about equal.

2 Many immigrants come to the United States to escape poverty. Single men

from Ireland, Poland, Denmark, and other countries came to the United States

because they had few opportunities in their home countries. Although some

returned home with enough money to buy land, many others stayed. Those

who remained in the United States found jobs, bought land, and built homes.

3 There were fewer female immigrants during the 1700s and 1800s. In the

past, women usually came to the United States either as part of a family or

with their husbands. Most single women did not travel alone because their

families feared for their safety.


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4 Around 1900, immigration trends began to change. At that time, men

made up more than two-thirds of all immigrants arriving in the United States.

By 1940, however, the number of single male and female immigrants was

just about equal. Many immigrants traveled to the United States to escape

economic, political, and religious oppression at home.

5 After World War II, the number of women immigrants increased. The

War Brides Act of 1945 helped increase female immigration. This act helped

women who were “war brides.” They met and married American soldiers who

were stationed in their countries during and after the war. Then they were

allowed into the United States as the wives of US citizens.

6 Since the 1990s, about the same number of women and men have come

to the United States to live. More women or more men may come from some

countries, but overall, the numbers are about equal.

7 For many women, the United States offers greater opportunity than their

home countries. In some countries, women are not allowed to vote, work

outside the home, go to school, or even go to the store without a male family

member. Other women immigrate to the United States for many of the same

reasons as men: to seek employment opportunities, to be reunited with their

families, or to escape unfair political treatment.


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3. What is the main idea of “Gender Trends in US Immigration”?

a.After World War II, more women immigrated to the United States.

b.There are many reasons why people immigrate to the United States.

c.Male immigrants used to outnumber female immigrants, but over the years, the numbers have evened out.

d.Male immigrants used to outnumber female immigrants because traveling was dangerous for women.

4. What is paragraph 7 mostly about?

a.why female immigration increased after World War II

b.why the United States is considered a land of opportunity

c.discrimination against women around the world

d.why women immigrate to the United States today


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Study the pie charts that accompany the passage. Then answer parts A and B below.

5. paRT a

Based on the data in the pie charts, which statement is true?

a.Mexican women don’t have any desire to immigrate to the United States.

b.Male immigrants from Mexico outnumber female immigrants from Mexico.

c.The number of immigrants from Mexico and the the number of immigrants in the general population are the same.

d.Overall, more US immigrants are women than men.

paRT B

Which two sentences from the passage are supported by the data in the pie chart?

a.“The War Brides Act of 1945 helped increase female immigration.”

b.“Since the 1990s, about the same number of women and men have come to the United States to live.”

c.“More women or more men may come from some countries, but overall, the numbers are about equal.”

d.“In some countries, women are not allowed to vote, work outside the home, go to school, or even go to the store without a male family member.”


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Read the passage. Then answer questions 6–8.

The Lost Boys of Sudan

1 Whenhewasfiveyearsold,AbrahamGarangspenthisdaysdoingnothing

butwalking.FormonthsGarangtraveledacrossSudan,acountryinAfrica.

He walked with other children—some older, some younger. Each child in the

group was an orphan whose parents had been killed in a war in Sudan. When

enemy soldiers burned his village in 1987, Abraham ran. He joined thousands

of other boys who were trying to escape capture or death.

2 “Wewerejustabunchofkids,”saysGarang.“Icanpictureallofuswalking

in a line—we were walking all day and night, all the time. You never knew where

you were going; you just walked to wherever you felt it might be safe.”

3 The children were heading 200 miles east to another country, called Ethiopia.

Now known as “The Lost Boys of Sudan,” they faced constant danger. Many

did not survive the months-long trek. Some drowned crossing rivers. Others

grew sick from hunger or disease. Many boys were taken by wild animals.

4 In1988,thechildrenfinallyreachedacampforrefugeesinEthiopia.Refugees

are people who have to leave their own countries to escape from danger. They

could rest at the camp, but danger still existed. After surviving war, wildlife, and

theheat,manyofGarang’sfriendslosttheirlivestoillness.Therewasnotmuch

foodorwater.Sometimesgroupsofrefugeeswouldfightorkilleachother.

5 Fornearly15years,Garangandtheotherslivedinonecampafteranother.

Then,in1999,agroupofUSofficialsvisitedsomeofthecamps,includingthe

campwhereGarangwasstaying.Theywereconcernedaboutthechildrenin

thecamps.Twoyearslater,Garangbecameoneofthe38,000LostBoyswho

were allowed to move to the United States as refugees.


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6 GarangsettledinCharlotte,NorthCarolina,oneofaboutadozencities

across the country that “adopted” the Lost Boys. Once in America, he enrolled

inschool.TolearnEnglish,hewatchedcartoons.AfterGarangfinishedhigh

school, Virginia’s Lynchburg College awarded him a scholarship. He enrolled

and began working toward graduation. Throughout his time in America, host

families,churchgroups,andotherorganizationshavehelpedGarang.Hegives

back by mentoring teens as a basketball and soccer coach.

7 Garangneverforgetshisstruggleforsurvival,andhetellsthestory

wheneverhegetsthechance.Oneday,GaranghopestovisitSudanandhelp

buildaschool.Whenthinkingaboutthefuture,AbrahamGarangsays,“Iwant

the next generation to think that everything is possible, no matter what your

past history.”

6. What statement best describes the passage?

a.It tells the story of young war refugees from Sudan, focusing on one boy in particular.

b.It’s about a boy from Sudan who coaches teens in basketball and soccer.

c.It argues that the United States should give more help to war refugees from Sudan.

d.It’s a history of the civil war in Sudan.

7. What is the main idea of paragraph 6?

a.The Lost Boys were adopted by American families in the United States.

b.GarangcoachesbasketballandsoccerintheUnitedStates.

c.GarangdidwellafterhecametotheUnitedStates.

d.GaranggotascholarshiptocollegeinVirginia.


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8. You can conclude from the passage that refugee camps were often dangerous. Which detail supports that conclusion?

a.“In1998,thechildrenfinallyreachedacampforrefugeesinEthiopia.”

b.“Sometimesgroupsofrefugeeswouldfightorkilleachother.”

c.“Fornearly15years,Garangandtheotherslivedinonecampafter another.”

d.“Twoyearslater,Garangbecameoneofthe38,000LostBoyswho were allowed to move to the United States as refugees.”

VOCaBulaRy/WORD STuDy 9. Read the following passage. Then answer parts A and B below.

Ibrahim left Somalia because his chance for success was severely

limited there because of war and hardships. In the United States, he

thought he wouldn’t be restricted by poverty or lack of opportunity.

paRT a

Choose two sets of synonyms from the passage.

a.severely; limited

b.severely; lack

c.limited; restricted

d.chance; opportunity

e.success; opportunity


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paRT B

Choose two antonyms for the word success, as it is used in the passage.

a.failure

b.job

c.victory

d.defeat

e.happiness

10. paRT a

Read the following passage. Then circle two of the words in bold that are synonyms.

Immigrants come to the United States for diverse reasons.

Various groupscometofindeconomicopportunity, reunite

with family, or escape discrimination. Women often immigrate

for different reasons than men.

paRT B

Choose two antonyms for the word discrimination as it is used in the passage.

a.judgment

b.racism

c.justice

d.fairness

11. Choose the pair of words that are synonyms.

a.rude; impolite

b.tide; ride

c.rise; decline

d.weather; whether


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CONVENTIONS 12. Read the following passage and select the two parts that are not

complete sentences.

MynameisJiaying,whichmeans“householdflourishing”in

Chinese. It’s a beautiful name. My parents gave it to me because,

atthetimeIwasborn,theyfeltthatourfamilywasblessed.Good

fortune for all of us.

My mom and dad came to the United States from China a few

years before I was born. Hard making a living in China. In addition,

they had relatives who were sent to prison for disagreeing with the

government. It was frightening for them.

a.“MynameisJiaying,whichmeans‘householdflourishing’inChinese.”

b.“It’s a beautiful name.”

c.“Goodfortuneforallofus.”

d.“Hard making a living in China.”

e.“In addition, they had relatives who were sent to prison for disagreeing with the government.”

f.“It was frightening for them.”

13. Which of the following is a complete sentence?

a.Brad to learn Spanish.

b.His sister, Holly, in school.

c.When Brad entered the eighth grade.

d.Holly helped him study for the test.


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14. Which of the following is a sentence fragment?

a.All of her friends and family were there.

b.Smilingatherfamily,Mrs.Gonzales.

c.ThefamilyhadasurprisepartyforMrs.Gonzales.

d.This was a special birthday.

15. Read the passage and underline the two parts that use incorrect end punctuation.

My uncle immigrated to the United States when my parents were

still in China. When my parents got ready to move to New York, they

asked my uncle if they could stay with him? I was actually born in

my uncle’s apartment in Chinatown, Soon after I was born we moved

into our own place just a block away.

16. Which sentence should end with a question mark?

a.Cory is putting together a band.

b.Jenna is the best guitar player.

c.How many people should we include.

d.Cory’s dad will let us practice in his garage.

17. Which sentence has correct end punctuation?

a.Who is your favorite author.

b.That movie is really funny.

c.Is the game almost over!

d.I’m going to the park,


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CONSTRuCTED RESpONSE

Write your answer in your own words on the lines below. Use complete sentences.

18. according to the passage “Coming to america,” how did the first two groups of immigrants get to North and South america? Write one or two sentences to explain.


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19. Based on the passages “Gender Trends in US Immigration” and “The lost Boys of Sudan,” what hardships and dangers did people face in their own countries before they immigrated to america? Write two or three sentences to explain.


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EXTENDED WRITINg 20. Both “Coming to america” and “Gender Trends in US Immigration”

describe ways in which immigration to the United States has changed over time. Write a report summarizing two of the changes that have happened since the 1700s. Illustrate both changes with details from the passages.

Be sure to include the following in your report:

•a topic sentence that states the topic and includes a controlling idea• Facts, examples, and details from the passages that support the

topic sentence• Transition words and phrases that connect ideas and details •a concluding sentence that explains the importance of the topic•Correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, and capitalization


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STOp


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Test 1b Answer Key

Question answer (Skills) point Value

Sample Questions

Sample a B, D (End Punctuation) NA

Sample B a (Synonyms) NA

Comprehension

1a a (Main Idea and Details) 1

1B E (Main Idea and Details; Text Evidence) 1*

2a B (Cause and Effect) 1

2B D (Cause and Effect; Text Evidence) 1*

3 C (Main Idea and Details) 1

4 D (Summarize) 1

5a B (Visual Literacy) 1

5B B, C (Visual Literacy; Text Evidence) 2

6 a (Main Idea and Details) 1

7 C (Main Idea and Details) 1

8 B (Draw Conclusions; Text Evidence) 1

Vocabulary/Word Study

9a C, D (Synonyms) 2

9B a, D (Antonyms) 2

10a• diverse• Various(Synonyms)

1

10B C, D (Antonyms) 2

11 a (Synonyms) 1

Conventions

12 C, D (Sentences and Fragments) 2

13 D (Sentences and Fragments) 1

14 B (Sentences and Fragments) 1

15

• When my parents got ready to move to New York, they asked my uncle if they could stay with him?

• I was actually born in my uncle’s apartment in Chinatown,(End Punctuation)

2

16 C (End Punctuation) 1

17 B (End Punctuation) 1

Note: For two-part questions with an asterisk (*), score part B correct only if students answer part A correctly.


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Test 1b Answer Key (continued)Question answer (Skills) point Value

Constructed Response

18

Sample Response: The first immigrants came to the Americas by crossing the land bridge from Asia to Alaska. The second group of immigrants came from Europe by ship after Columbus’s voyage to the New World. (Analyze)

2

19

Sample Response: Many immigrants to the United States were escaping political or religious oppression and economic hardship in their own countries. Also, the Lost Boys of Sudan faced the dangers of war and attacks on their villages. Then they faced extreme conditions during their journey out of Sudan and in the refugee camps, including harsh weather, hunger, and predators. (Analyze)

2

Extended Constructed Response (Writing)

20

Sample Response: Since the 1700s, travel to the United States has gotten much easier for people immigrating from overseas. Originally, people traveled in crowded sailing ships. The journey took months and it was dangerous. In the mid-1800s, immigrants began using steamships, which made the trip both faster and safer. As a result, the number of immigrants rose. Today, many immigrants fly to America, making the trip faster and easier than ever before. As travel has gotten easier, the number of women arriving as immigrants has grown. At first, most immigrants were single men. The journey was thought to be too dangerous for women traveling alone. In the 20th century, that began to change—especially after World War II. Today, the number of female immigrants to the United States equals the number of male immigrants. (Informational Paragraph)

4 or 6

21READ 180 Next Generation Stage B • Test 1b 1

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4-P

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READ 180 Next Generation Writing Rubric: Informational/Explanatory Rubric • Page 1 of 2

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rbs

conv

ey in

form

atio

n in

an

inte

rest

ing

and

satis

fyin

g w

ay.

5. A

con

clud

ing

sent

ence

fo

llow

s th

e bo

dy lo

gica

lly

and

expl

ains

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce.

Need

s a

conc

lusi

on,

or c

oncl

usio

n is

abr

upt

or u

nrel

ated

.

The

conc

lusi

on fo

llow

s lo

gica

lly b

ut m

ay n

ot e

xpla

in

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce.

The

conc

lusi

on fo

llow

s lo

gica

lly a

nd e

xpla

ins

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce.

The

conc

lusi

on e

xpla

ins

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce

in a

thou

ghtfu

l and

sa

tisfy

ing

way

.

6. F

ollo

ws

conv

entio

ns o

f m

echa

nics

, usa

ge, a

nd

spel

ling.

Erro

rs in

gra

mm

ar,

spel

ling,

pun

ctua

tion,

and

ca

pita

lizat

ion

inte

rfere

with

re

ader

und

erst

andi

ng.

Som

e er

rors

in g

ram

mar

, sp

ellin

g, p

unct

uatio

n, a

nd

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Few

err

ors

in g

ram

mar

, sp

ellin

g, p

unct

uatio

n, a

nd

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Corr

ect g

ram

mar

, sp

ellin

g, p

unct

uatio

n,

and

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Over

all S

core


TM ®

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12

34

56

1.

A to

pic

sent

ence

st

ates

the

topi

c an

d in

clud

es a

con

trollin

g id

ea th

at m

akes

the

writ

er’s

poi

nt.

Need

s to

iden

tify

the

topi

c, a

nd n

eeds

a

rele

vant

con

trollin

g id

ea.

Iden

tifie

s th

e to

pic

but

need

s to

mak

e th

e w

riter

’s p

oint

.

Iden

tifie

s th

e to

pic

and

atte

mpt

s to

mak

e th

e w

riter

’s p

oint

.

Iden

tifie

s th

e to

pic

and

mak

es a

cle

ar p

oint

.Id

entif

ies

the

topi

c cl

early

and

mak

es a

cl

ear,

rele

vant

poi

nt.

Iden

tifie

s th

e to

pic

clea

rly a

nd m

akes

a

rele

vant

and

co

mpe

lling

poin

t.

2.

Fact

s, e

xam

ples

, and

de

tails

sup

port

the

topi

c se

nten

ce.

Need

s de

tails

, or

deta

ils d

o no

t sup

port

th

e to

pic

sent

ence

.

Incl

udes

one

or t

wo

supp

ortin

g de

tails

, but

so

me

deta

ils a

re n

ot

rele

vant

.

Incl

udes

a fe

w

supp

ortin

g de

tails

.In

clud

es s

ome

supp

ortin

g de

tails

.In

clud

es re

leva

nt

supp

ortin

g de

tails

.M

any

rele

vant

and

in

tere

stin

g de

tails

su

ppor

t the

topi

c se

nten

ce.

3.

Tran

sitio

n/lin

king

w

ords

and

phr

ases

co

nnec

t ide

as a

nd

deta

ils.

Need

s tra

nsiti

on

wor

ds a

nd p

hras

es,

or tr

ansi

tions

use

d in

corr

ectly

.

Corr

ectly

use

s on

e or

tw

o tra

nsiti

on w

ords

or

phr

ases

.

Corr

ectly

use

s a

few

tra

nsiti

on w

ords

or

phra

ses.

Seve

ral t

rans

ition

w

ords

and

phr

ases

lin

k id

eas

and

deta

ils.

Seve

ral v

arie

d tra

nsiti

on w

ords

and

ph

rase

s lin

k id

eas

and

deta

ils.

Mul

tiple

and

var

ied

trans

ition

wor

ds a

nd

phra

ses

link

idea

s an

d de

tails

.

4.

prec

ise

verb

s co

nvey

in

form

atio

n.Ne

eds

prec

ise

verb

s.In

clud

es a

t lea

st o

ne

prec

ise

verb

.In

clud

es tw

o or

thre

e pr

ecis

e ve

rbs;

may

sh

ow re

petit

ive

usag

e.

The

writ

ing

incl

udes

se

vera

l pre

cise

ver

bs.

Incl

udes

sev

eral

pr

ecis

e ve

rbs

that

va

ry.

Prec

ise

verb

s co

nvey

in

form

atio

n in

an

inte

rest

ing

and

satis

fyin

g w

ay.

5.

A co

nclu

ding

se

nten

ce fo

llow

s th

e bo

dy lo

gica

lly a

nd

expl

ains

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce.

Need

s a

conc

lusi

on,

or c

oncl

usio

n is

abr

upt

or u

nrel

ated

.

Does

not

exp

lain

the

impo

rtan

ce o

f the

to

pic.

Follo

ws

logi

cally

and

at

tem

pts

to e

xpla

in th

e to

pic’

s si

gnifi

canc

e.

Follo

ws

logi

cally

and

ad

dres

ses

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce.

Follo

ws

logi

cally

and

ex

plai

ns th

e to

pic’

s si

gnifi

canc

e.

Expl

ains

the

topi

c’s

sign

ifica

nce

in a

th

ough

tful a

nd

satis

fyin

g w

ay.

6.

Follo

ws

conv

entio

ns

of m

echa

nics

, usa

ge,

and

spel

ling.

Mul

tiple

err

ors

in

gram

mar

, spe

lling,

pu

nctu

atio

n, a

nd

capi

taliz

atio

n in

terf

ere

with

und

erst

andi

ng.

Erro

rs in

gra

mm

ar,

spel

ling,

pun

ctua

tion,

an

d ca

pita

lizat

ion

may

inte

rfer

e w

ith

unde

rsta

ndin

g.

Som

e er

rors

in

gram

mar

, spe

lling,

pu

nctu

atio

n, a

nd

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Few

err

ors

in

gram

mar

, spe

lling,

pu

nctu

atio

n, a

nd

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Min

or e

rror

s in

gr

amm

ar, s

pellin

g,

punc

tuat

ion,

and

ca

pita

lizat

ion.

Corr

ect g

ram

mar

, sp

ellin

g, p

unct

uatio

n,

and

capi

taliz

atio

n.

Over

all S

core

Reso

urc

e L

inks

SA

M K

eyw

ord:

Info

rmat

iona

l Rub

ric, E

xpla

nato

ry R

ubric


TM ®

& ©

Sch

olas

tic In

c. A

ll rig

hts

rese

rved

. ISB

N-13

: 978

-0-5

45-7

6758

-3

®

6-P

oint

Writ

ing

Rub

ric


Reso

urc

e L

inks

SA

M K

eyw

ord:

Info

rmat

iona

l Rub

ric, E

xpla

nato

ry R

ubric

Stud

ent’s

Nam

e

Dat

e

Info

rmati

onal/

Exp

lanato

ry W

riti

ng

Scori

ng C

hart

Crite

ria

Scor

eCo

mm

ents

1. T

opic

sen

tenc

e

2. S

uppo

rtin

g fa

cts,

ex

ampl

es, d

etai

ls

3. T

rans

ition

/link

ing

wor

ds

and

phra

ses

4. p

reci

se v

erbs

5. C

oncl

usio

n

6. C

onve

ntio

ns

Documents

Test 1b - Scholastic€¦ · Read the passage. Then answer questions 3–5. Gender Trends in US Immigration 1 Throughout most of US history, the number of single male immigrants has