Tesis Planeamiento Estratégico de la Provincia de Calca

7/21/2019 Tesis Planeamiento Estratgico de la Provincia de Calca

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ÊL]KGK@KH SLKWC_PKMHM @H]JK@H MCJ ^C_

CP@SCJH MC ÊPF_HME

^JHLCHDKCL]E CP]_H]FK@E MC JH ^_EWKL@KH MC @HJ@H

]CPKP ^H_H EO]CLC_ CJ F_HME MC DHFP]C_ CL

HMDKLKP]_H@KL CP]_H]FK@H MC CD^_CPHP

E]E_FHME Ê_ JH

ÊL]KGK@KH SLKWC_PKMHM @H]JK@H MCJ C_

^_CPCL]HMH Ê_

Budocrte Hlhyh Ohrrkes

s`hr ^kjè Ihrh

Ierfc Pkcrrhjth @bk`bkzejh

@shr Ylkfh @uskbuhdl

Hscser9 Iuhl Dhlucj Hfukjhr _clfkge

Purè* dhrze mc ?>8?


2/178

kk

Hfrhmc`kdkcltes

H Mkes* per scr lucstre fuh y hpeye cl teme dedclte,

H lucstres pregcsercs mc @CL]_SD* qukclcs les mkcrel jhs bcrrhdkclths phrh

scr dciercs pregcskelhjcs y pcrselhs,

H lucstre hscser* Iuhl Dhlucj Hfukjhr* qukcl les detkv y rct cl cstc `hdkle* y

mcspci lucstrhs mumhs,


3/178

kkk

Mcmk`hterkhs

H dks phmrcs @c`kjkh Ohrrkes y ]ceme`ke Hlhyh* èl du`be `hrke y hjcfrh*

mcmkè csth tcsks* per mhrdc teme su hpeye bh`kh jh supcrh`kl pcrselhj y pregcskelhj1 h

dk lucvh ghdkjkh Ghoke Hlhyh y Jkzzy _kvcrh* per teme cj hder y èlgkhlzh quc dc

orklmhl, H dks bcrdhles* hdkfes* `jkcltcs y hjudles èl qukclcs èdphrte* hmcds mc

tkcdpe* prkl`kpkes y vhjercs cl jh osqucmh mc ul dcier jcfhme phrh lucstrhs guturhs

fclcrh`kelcs,

Budocrte

H dk cspesh Wkvkhlh* per su èlsthltc hpeye1 h dks bkies rsujh Hlmrch y s`hr

Hjelse* quc sel dk deter c klspkrh`kl1 h dks phmrcs Gjkx c Kshocj* qukclcs bhl bc`be

mc d ul scr pcrscvcrhltc1 h jes èjhoerhmercs mc dk cdprcsh* per su èlsthltc

èltrkou`kl y sepertc1 dk frhtktum h dks `jkcltcs* per su klèlmk`kelhj hpeye1 h dks

bcrdhles1 dks sucfres1 ùhmes1 y h dks èdphmrcs Ksdhcj y _eskth* èl qukclcs

skcdprc pumc elthr,

s`hr

H dk cspesh _eshrke* per su klèlmk`kelhj c klvhjerhojc hpeye1 h dk bkie

@hdkje* cj deter mc dk csgucrze y mcsces mc supcrh`kl1 h dks phmrcs @hrdcl y

Gcrlhlme* per su sh`rkgk`ke* cicdpje y clschlzhs,

Ierfc Hjcihlmre Lkèjs Hjgelse

H dks phmrcs* pkjhrcs gulmhdclthjcs cl dk vkmh, Pkl cjjes* ihds buokcsc

pemkme èlscfukr je quc bhsth hberh bc jefrhme, Pu tclh`kmhm y ju`bh klsh`khojc bhl

bc`be mc cjjes cj frhl cicdpje quc sc mcoc scfukr y mcsth`hr* le seje phrh d* skle phrh

dks bcrdhles y ghdkjkh cl fclcrhj,

@shr _eocrte


4/178

kv

Kltremu``kl

Cj pre`cse cstrhtfkè sc èdpelc mc ul èliulte mc h`tkvkmhmcs quc sc

mcshrrejjhl mc dhlcrh scùcl`khj èl jh gklhjkmhm mc quc ulh erfhlkzh`kl pucmh

preyc`thrsc hj guture y hj`hl`c jh vkskl csthojc kmh, Cstc èlsth mc trcs cthphs9 "h+

gerdujh`kl* quc cs jh cthph mc pjhlchdkclte prepkhdcltc mk`bh y cl jh quc sc preùrhr

clèltrhr jhs cstrhtcfkhs quc jjcvhrl h jh erfhlkzh`kl mc jh sktuh`kl h`tuhj h jh

sktuh`kl guturh mcschmh1 "o+ kdpjcdclth`kl* cl jh ùhj sc cicùthrl jhs cstrhtcfkhs

rctclkmhs cl jh prkdcrh cthph* y cs jh cthph ds èdpjk`hmh per je rkfuresh1 y "`+

cvhjuh`kl y eltrej* uyhs h`tkvkmhmcs sc cgc`tuhrl mc dhlcrh pcrdhlcltc murhltc teme

cj pre`cse phrh delkterchr jhs cthphs scùcl`khjcs y* gklhjdcltc* jes Eoictkves mc Jhrfe

^jhze "EJ^+ y jes Eoictkves mc @erte ^jhze "E@^+, @hoc rcshjthr quc cj pre`cse

cstrhtfkè sc `hrh`tcrkzh per scr kltcrh`tkve* yh quc phrtk`kphl du`bhs pcrselhs cl j* c

ktcrhtkve* pucs fclcrh ulh rctrehjkdclth`kl elsthltc, Cj pjhl cstrhtfkè mcshrrejjhme

cl cj prcscltc meùdclte guc cjhoerhme cl gul`kl mcj demcje scùcl`khj mcj pre`cse

cstrhtfkè,

Gkfurh 8, Demcje Pcùcl`khj mcj re`cse Cstrhtfkè,]edhme mcCj pre`cse cstrhtfkè9ul clgequc mc fcrcl`kh* per G, H, MHjcsske* ?>>2, Dxkè M, G,* Dxkè9 ^chrsel,


5/178

v

Cj demcje cdpkczh èl cj hljksks mc jh sktuh`kl h`tuhj* scfukme per cj

csthojc`kdkclte mc jh vkskl* jh dkskl* jes vhjercs* y cj `mkfe mc tk`h1 cstes ùhtre

èdpelcltcs fuhl y lerdhl cj h``kelhr mc jh erfhlkzh`kl, Jucfe sc mcshrrejjh jh

cvhjuh`kl cxtcrlh èl jh gklhjkmhm mc mctcrdklhr jh klgjucl`kh mcj clterle cl jh

erfhlkzh`kl quc sc cstumkh y hlhjkzhr jh klmustrkh fjeohj h trhvs mcj hljksks mcj clterle

^CP]C "Gucrzhs ejtk`hs* Cèldk`hs* Pe`khjcs* ]c`lejfk`hs* y Cèjfk`hs+, Mc mk`be

hljksks* sc mcrkvh jh Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc Gh`tercs Cxtcrles "DCGC+* jh ùhj pcrdktc

èle`cr cj kdph`te mcj clterle mctcrdklhme seorc jh ohsc mc "h+ jhs epertulkmhmcs quc

pemrhl oclcgk khr h jh erfhlkzh`kl* "o+ jhs hdclhzhs quc mcocl cvkthrsc* y " + `de jh

erfhlkzh`kl cst h`tuhlme rcspc te mc cstes gh`tercs, Mcj hljksks ^CP]C y mc jes

èdpctkmercs* sc mcrkvh jh cvhjuh`kl mc jh erfhlkzh`kl èl rcjh`kl h sus èdpctkmercs*

mc jh ùhj sc mcsprclmcl jhs Dhtrk`cs mc ^crgkj @edpctktkve "D^@+ y mc ^crgkj mc

_cgcrcl`kh "D^_+, Mc cstc deme* jh cvhjuh`kl cxtcrlh pcrdktc kmcltkgk`hr "h+ jhs

epertulkmhmcs y hdclhzhs `jhvc* "o+ jh sktuh`kl mc jes èdpctkmercs* y "`+ jes gh`tercs

`rtkès mc xkte cl cj sc`ter klmustrkhj* y gh`kjkth h jes pjhlchmercs cj klk`ke mcj pre`cse

quc jes fukhr h jh gerdujh`kl mc cstrhtcfkhs quc pcrdkthl "h+ sh`hr vclthih mc jhs

epertulkmhmcs* "o+ cvkthr y%e rcmu`kr cj kdph`te mc jhs hdclhzhs* "`+ èle`cr jes gh`tercs

`jhvc quc pcrdkthl tclcr xkte cl cj sc`ter klmustrkhj* y "m+ supcrhr h jh èdpctcl`kh,

êstcrkerdcltc* sc mcshrrejjh jh cvhjuh`kl kltcrlh* jh ùhj sc clùcltrh erkclthmh

h jh mcgklk`kl mc cstrhtcfkhs quc pcrdkthl `hpkthjkzhr jhs gerthjczhs y lcutrhjkzhr jhs

mcokjkmhmcs* mc deme quc sc èlstruyhl vclthihs èdpctktkvhs h phrtkr mc jh kmcltkgk`h`kl

mc jhs èdpctcl`khs mkstkltkvhs, ^hrh cjje* sc jjcvh h `hoe cj hljksks kltcrle HDEGBK]

"Hmdklkstrh`kl y Fcrcl`kh* Dhractklf y Wclths* Epcrh`kelcs ^remu`tkvhs y mc

Pcrvk`kes c Klgrhcstru`turh* Gklhlzhs y @elthokjkmhm* _cùrses Budhles y @ujturh*

Klgerdtk`h y @edulk`h`kelcs* y ]c`lejefh+* mcj ùhj surfc jh Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc


6/178

vk

Gh`tercs Kltcrles "DCGK+, Csth dhtrkz pcrdktc cvhjuhr jhs prkl`kphjcs gerthjczhs y

mcokjkmhmcs mc jhs rchs gul`kelhjcs mc ulh erfhlkzh`kl* hs ède thdokl kmcltkgk`hr y

cvhjuhr jhs rcjh`kelcs cltrc mk`bhs rchs, Sl hljksks cxbhustkve cxtcrle c kltcrle cs

rcqucrkme y cs `ru`khj phrh èltkluhr èl dhyercs preohokjkmhmcs mc xkte cj pre`cse,

Cl jh skfukcltc cthph mcj pre`cse* sc mctcrdklhl jes kltcrcscs mc jh erfhlkzh`kl*

cs mc`kr* jes gklcs suprcdes quc jh erfhlkzh`kl kltclth hj`hlzhr phrh tclcr xkte fjeohj

cl jes dcr`hmes cl jes quc èdpktc, Mc cjjes* sc mcrkvh jh Dhtrkz mc Kltcrcscs mc jh

Erfhlkzh`kl "DKE+* y* ohshmes cl jh vkskl* sc csthojc`cl jes EJ^, Cstes sel jes

rcsujthmes quc jh erfhlkzh`kl cspcrh hj`hlzhr, @hoc mcsth`hr quc jh sudhterkh mc jes

EJ^ jjcvhrh h hj`hlzhr jh vkskl* y mc jh sudhterkh mc jes E@^ rcsujthrh cj jefre mc

`hmh EJ^,

Jhs dhtrk`cs prcsclthmhs* DCGC* DCGK* D^@* y DKE* èlstktuycl klsudes

gulmhdclthjcs quc ghverc`crl jh `hjkmhm mcj pre`cse cstrhtfkè, Jh ghsc gklhj mc jh

gerdujh`kl cstrhtfk`h vkclc mhmh per jh cjc``kl mc cstrhtcfkhs* jh ùhj rcprcsclth cj

pre`cse cstrhtfkè cl s dksde, Cl csth cthph* sc fclcrhl cstrhtcfkhs h trhvs mcj

cdphrcihdkclte y edoklh`kl mc jhs gerthjczhs* mcokjkmhmcs* epertulkmhmcs* hdclhzhs* y

jes rcsujthmes mc jes hljksks prcvkes ushlme ède bcrrhdkclths `klè dhtrk`cs9 "h+ jh

Dhtrkz mc Gerthjczhs* Epertulkmhmcs Mcokjkmhmcs* y Hdclhzhs "DGEMH+1 "o+ jh Dhtrkz

mc êsk`kl Cstrhtfk`h y Cvhjuh`kl mc jh H``kl "D^C[CH+1 "`+ jh Dhtrkz Oestel

@elsujtklf Freup "DO@F+1 "m+ jh Dhtrkz Kltcrlh$Cxtcrlh "DK$C+1 y "c+ jh Dhtrkz mc jh

Frhl Cstrhtcfkh "DFC+,

Mc csths dhtrk`cs* rcsujthl ulh scrkc mc cstrhtcfkhs mc kltcfrh`kl* kltclskvhs* mc

mkvcrskgk`h`kl* y mcgclskvhs* quc sel csèfkmhs èl jh Dhtrkz mc Mc`kskl Cstrhtfk`h

"DMC+* y sel cspc`gk`hs y le hjtcrlhtkvhs* y su htrh`tkvkmhmsc mctcrdklh cl jh Dhtrkz

@uhltkthtkvh mcj ^jhlchdkclte Cstrhtfkè "D@^C+, êr jtkde* sc mcshrrejjhl jhs


7/178

vkk

Dhtrk`cs mc _udcjt "D_+ y mc tk`h "DC+* phrh ùjdklhr èl jhs cstrhtcfkhs rctclkmhs y

mc èltklfcl`kh, @el ohsc cl csh scjc``kl* sc cjhoerh jh dhtrkz mc cstrhtcfkhs cl rcjh`kl

èl jes EJ^* jh ùhj skrvc phrh vcrkgk`hr sk èl jhs cstrhtcfkhs rctclkmhs sc pemrl

hj`hlzhr jes EJ^* hs ède jh dhtrkz mc peskokjkmhmcs mc jes èdpctkmercs* quc hyumh h

mctcrdklhr qu thlte cstes èdpctkmercs scrl `hph`cs mc bh`crjc grcltc h jhs cstrhtcfkhs

rctclkmhs per jh erfhlkzh`kl, Jh kltcfrh`kl mc jh kltuk`kl èl cj hljksks sc bh`c

klmkspclshojc murhltc csth cthph* yh quc ghverc`c h jh scjc``kl mc jhs cstrhtcfkhs,

Mcspus mc bhocr gerdujhme cj pjhl cstrhtfkè quc pcrdkth hj`hlzhr jh

preyc``kl guturh mc jh erfhlkzh kl* sc pelcl cl dhr`bh jes jklchdkcltes cstrhtfkès

kmcltkgk`hmes y sc cgc`thl jhs cstrhtcfkhs rctclkmhs per jh erfhlkzh`kl* je quc mh jufhr h

jh kdpjcdclth`kl cstrhtfk`h, Csth èlskstc osk`hdcltc cl èlvcrtkr jes pjhlcs

cstrhtfkès cl h``kelcs y* pestcrkerdcltc* cl rcsujthmes, @hoc mcsth`hr quc ulh

gerdujh`kl cxktesh le fhrhltkzh ulh kdpjcdclth`kl cxktesh* pucste quc csth jtkdh cs

ds mkg`kj mc jjcvhrsc h `hoe y èljjcvh cj rkcsfe mc le jjcfhr h cicùthrsc "MHjcsske*

?>>2* p, 060+, Murhltc csth cthph* sc mcgklcl jes E@^ y jes rcùrses hskflhmes h `hmh ule

mc cjjes* y sc csthojc`cl jhs pejtk`hs phrh `hmh cstrhtcfkh, Slh cstru`turh erfhlkzh`kelhj

lucvh cs lc`cshrkh, Cj pcer crrer cs kdpjcdclthr ulh cstrhtcfkh lucvh ushlme ulh

cstru`turh hltkfuh,

Gklhjdcltc* jh cvhjuh`kl cstrhtfk`h sc jjcvh h `hoe utkjkzhlme ùhtre

pcrspc`tkvhs mc èltrej9 "h+ kltcrlh%pcrselhs* "o+ pre`cses* "`+ `jkcltcs* y "m+ gklhl`kcrh*

cl cj ]hojcre mc @eltrej Kltcfrhme "OP@+ phrh delkterchr cj jefre mc jes E@^ y jes

EJ^, H phrtkr mc cjje* sc tedhl jhs h``kelcs èrrc`tkvhs pcrtklcltcs, Pc hlhjkzh jh

èdpctktkvkmhm mc jh erfhlkzh`kl y sc pjhltchl jhs èl`juskelcs y rcèdclmh`kelcs

lc`cshrkhs phrh hj`hlzhr jh sktuh`kl guturh mcschmh mc jh erfhlkzh`kl, Sl pjhl

cstrhtfkè kltcfrhj cs lc`cshrke phrh vksuhjkzhr teme cj pre`cse mc ul fejpc mc vksth, Cj


8/178

vkkk

pjhlchdkclte cstrhtfk`e pucmc scr mcshrrejjhme phrh ulh dk`recdprcsh* cdprcsh*

klstktu`kl* sc`ter klmustrkhj* pucrte* `kumhm* dulk`kphjkmhm* rcfkl* phs* u etre,


9/178

kx

_csudcl Cicùtkve

Jh prcscltc klvcstkfh`kl tkclc per eoictkve rchjkzhr cj pjhlchdkclte cstrhtfkè

phrh jh ^revkl kh mc @hj`h seorc jh ohsc mc jh sktuh`kl h`tuhj* cl jh quc ^cr bh

cxpcrkdclthme ul mcshrrejje cèldkè cxtrhermklhrke* cl cj quc mcsth`hl9 "h+ ul

`rc`kdkclte cèldkè mc 2,2#* leterke h lkvcj dulmkhj1 y "o+ ul hudclte èlskmcrhojc

mcj ÔK, Cl cstc dhrè* cl cj `hse cspc`gkè mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h* uok`hmh cl @usè*

sc clùcltrh cl`jhvhmh cl ul trelè erefrgkè cl cj quc èlvcrfcl kdperthltcs vhs mc

èdulk`h kl quc kltcfrhl vhjjcs kltcrhlmkles mc frhl kdperthl`kh èdcr`khj* per je quc

pucmc hgkrdhrsc quc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h tkclc ulh pesk`kl prkvkjcfkhmh cl cj Whjjc

Phfrhme mc jes Kl`hs1 hmcds* @hj`h cs pesccmerh mc ulh rkquczh bkstrk`h y ùjturh

klvhjerhojc* y* cl su tcrrkterke* sc clùcltrhl mkvcrses rcùrses lhturhjcs y ùjturhjcs*

ède cs cj `hse mc èliultes hrqucejfkès mc kltcrs turstkè* je quc cs mc sudh

kdperthl`kh phrh èlstktukrsc* per thlte* ède klmustrkh deterh mc su cèledh* per scr

frhl fclcrhmerh mc mkvkshs y cdpjce* y per su `hph`kmhm mc htrh``kl mc klvcrsercs y

`hpkthj* ds hl ùhlme* bey cl mh* cj turksde tkclc ul phpcj prethflkè cl cj

`rc`kdkclte cèldkè mcj dulme y rcprcsclth jh klmustrkh mc dhyer `rc`kdkclte h thj

cs`hjh, Hskdksde* @hj`h tkclc ulh peojh`kl mc ohsc hl`bh phrh jh pkrdkmc peojh`kelhj*

je quc èlstktuyc ulh gerthjczh phrh jefrhr su mcshrrejje per dcmke mcj hprevc`bhdkclte

mcj rcùrse budhle cl jh klmustrkh mcj turksde cl cspc`khj* y èl jh èlstru``kl mc

klgrhcstru`turh turstk`h phrh cj dcier hprevc`bhdkclte mc cstes rcùrses* teme je ùhj

pcrdktc predevcr cj mcshrrejje mc @hj`h cl cj dokte rcfkelhj y lh`kelhj y rcpcrùtc

ghverhojcdcltc cl su rc`kdkclte,

Cl cstc scltkme* @hj`h* mc hùcrme èl je schjhme* mcoc èlvcrtkrsc cl cj

prkl`kphj mcstkle turstkè hjtcrlhtkve y èdpctktkve mc jh rcfkl* h trhvs mcj mcshrrejje

mc premu`tes y scrvk`kes turstkès mc `hjkmhm* phrh quc hs hj`hl`c su mcshrrejje y


10/178

x

rcmulmc cl jh dcierh mcj lkvcj se`kecèldkè mc sus peojhmercs* jh rcmu``kl mc jes

prceùphltcs lmk`cs mc peorczh y mc hlhjghoctksde* cltrc etres,

êr etre jhme* mcokme h @hj`h pescc mc rchs mc ùjtkve* csths mcocl scr

hprevc`bhmhs hmcùhmhdcltc* phrh quc sus prkl`kphjcs premu`tes hfrèjhs"h+ `hg

erflkè* "o+ dhz ojhlè fkfhltc* y "`+ qukbuk`bh $ kltcfrcl jh premu``kl h lkvcj dh`re*

schl phrtc mc jh hfrecxperth`kl* y pucmhl scr kltremu`kmes hmcds cl lucves dcr`hmes,

Mc hùcrme èl je schjhme* jh klmustrkh mcj turksde y jhs h`tkvkmhmcs mc

hfrecxperth kl sel jes sc`tercs quc mcocl mcshrrejjhrsc cl csth prevkl`kh usquch*

phrh hs èlvcrtkrsc cl jes cics mc su mcshrrejje cèldkè phrh jefrhr jh dcierh y cj

okclcsthr mc su peojh`kl* y phrh crrhmk`hr* cl phrtkùjhr jh peorczh dcmkhltc cj kl`cltkve

y fclcrh`kl mc csths klmustrkhs,

Cl csc scltkme* èl jh gklhjkmhm mc jefrhr cj eoictkve prepucste mc rchjkzhr ul pjhl

cstrhtfkè phrh @hj`h* sc bh rchjkzhme ul hljksks kltcrle y cxtcrle mc jh prevkl`kh mc

@hj`h* y sc bhl mctcrdklhme jes gh`tercs `jhvcs quc vhl mc jh dhle èl cj pjhl

cstrhtfkè cl ùcstkl* phrh quc jh prevkl`kh mc @hj`h* per ul jhme* rcspelmh mc ouclh

dhlcrh h jhs epertulkmhmcs cxkstcltcs cl cj clterle fjeohjkzhme* cs mc`kr* jhs hprevc`bc*

y* per etre* dklkdk`c jhs hdclhzhs y rkcsfes cxkstcltcs, Cl rcjh`kl èl csths* pucmc

mcsth`hrsc quc @hj`h mcoc rchjkzhr ul dhyer hprevc`bhdkclte mc temhs sus epertulkmhmcs

turstk`hs quc prcsclth* y mcoc prcsthr cspc`khj htcl`kl h jh klvcrsklphrh je ùhj sc

pemrh utkjkzhr sepertc gklhl`kcre h phrtkr mcj `hlel dklcre y fhsgcre mc jh rcfklcl cj

mcshrrejje mc klgrhcstru`turh turstk`h* hs ède h jh `hph`kth`kl mc pcrselhj phrh quc sc

orklmc ul scrvk`ke mc `hjkmhm, êr etrh phrtc* thdokl sc mcoc prepk khr cj mcshrrejje

cmu`htkve* yh quc cs gulmhdclthj phrh cj jefre mcj mcshrrejje* y* hskdksde* mcoc

èdohtkrsc cj dhj mc jh èrrup`kl,

Gklhjdcltc* mcoc schjhrsc quc* phrh cj pjhlchdkclte cstrhtfkè mc jh prevkl`kh


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xk

mc @hj`h* sc utkjkz cj demcje scùcl`khj mcj pre`cse cstrhtfkè mcj pregcser mc

Gcrlhlme M Hjcsske Kpklzh* y sc mcgklkcrel jhs cstrhtcfkhs quc mcocl scfukrsc cl jes

prxkdes hes* y uyh preyc``kl* seorc jh ohsc mc eoictkves hj`hlzhojcs* ùjdklh cl cj

he ?>?8,


12/178

xkk

Hostrh`t

]bks rcschr`b hkds te èlmu`t strhtcfk` pjhllklf ger tbc prevkl`c eg @hj`h el tbc

ohsks eg tbc ùrrclt sktuhtkel* kl wbk`b cru bhs cxpcrkcl`cm h rcdhrahojc* tbeufb*

cèledk` mcvcjepdclt* wbk`b kl`jumc9 "h+ cèledk` frewtb eg 2,2#*

leterkeus werjmwkmc* hlm "o+ h skflkgk`hlt kl`rchsc kl FM^, Kl tbks èltcxt* kl tbc

spc`kgk` `hsc eg tbc prevkl`c eg @hj`h* je`htcm kl @usè* ks je`htcm kl h trula kl wbk`b

erefrhpbk` kdperthlt rehms èlvcrfc èdprksklf vhjjcys eg frcht èddcr`khj

kdperthl`c* se kt `hl oc shkm tbht tbc prevkl`c @hj`h ks ulkqucjy pesktkelcm kl tbc Ph`rcm

Whjjcy eg tbc Kl`hs hjse @hj`h ks pesscsscm eg h rk`b bkstery hlm ùjturc klvhjuhojc* hlm kl

kts tcrrktery* tbcrc hrc scvcrhj lhturhj hlm ùjturhj rcseur`cs* su`b hs hr`bhcejefk`hj sktcs

eg kltcrcst teurksd* wbk`b ks vcry kdperthlt te èlstktutc* tbcrcgerc* hs hl klmustry deter

eg kts cèledy* ocklf dhier fclcrhter eg gerckfl cx`bhlfc hlm cdpjeydclt* hlm kts

hokjkty te httrh`t klvcsters hlm `hpkthj* derc se temhy* tbc ]eurksd bhs h rejc kl werjm

cèledk` frewtb hlm rcprcsclts tbc ghstcst frewklf klmustry el tbks s`hjc, Kt hjse bhs h

pepujhtkel @hj`h wkmc ohsc pepujhtkel pyrhdkm* wbk`b ks h strelfbejm ger tbckr

mcvcjepdclt tbreufb tbc usc eg budhl rcseur`cs kl tbc teurksd klmustry kl phrtkùjhr hlm

wktb tbc èlstru`tkel eg teurksd klgrhstru`turc te octtcr usc eg tbcsc rcseur`cs* hjj eg

wbk`b `hl predetc tbc mcvcjepdclt eg @hj`h ht tbc rcfkelhj hlm lhtkelhj jcvcjs hlm bhs h

ghverhojc cggc`t el frewtb,

Kl tbks sclsc* @hj`h* h`èrmklf te tbc hoevc* sbeujm ocèdc tbc dhkl hjtcrlhtkvc

hlm èdpctktkvc teurkst mcstklhtkel kl tbc rcfkel* tbreufb premu`t mcvcjepdclt hlm

quhjkty teurksd scrvk`cs* se tbht tbcy rch`b tbckr mcvcjepdclt hlm jchm te kdprevcm

se`kecèledk` sthtus eg kts rcskmclts* rcmu`klf tbc mksturoklf jcvcjs eg pevcrty hlm

kjjktcrh`y* hdelf etbcrs,


13/178

xkkk

El tbc etbcr bhlm* oc`husc eg @hj`h bhs frewklf hrchs* tbcsc dust oc bhrlcsscm

prepcrjy* se tbht tbckr dhkl hfrkùjturhj premu`ts"h+ erfhlk` èggcc* "o+ fkhlt wbktc

èrl* hlm "`+ qukbuk`bhkltcfrhtcm dh`re$jcvcj premu`tkel* hrc phrt eg hfrkùjturhj

cxperts* hlm hjse `hl oc kltremu`cm kl lcw dhracts,

H`èrmklf te tbc hoevc* tbc teurksd klmustry hlm hfre$cxpert h`tkvktkcs hrc tbc

sc`ters te oc mcvcjepcm kl tbks prevkl`c @usè kl ermcr te ocèdc tbc èrlcrstelcs eg kts

cèledk` mcvcjepdclt te h`bkcvc tbc kdprevcdclt hlm wcjghrc eg kts pcepjc hlm te

crhmk`htc kl phrtkùjhr oy clèurhfklf pevcrty hlm fclcrhtkel eg tbcsc klmustrkcs,

Kl tbks rcfhrm* kl ermcr te h`bkcvc tbks eoic`tkvc* kt bhs dhmc kltcrlhj hlm cxtcrlhj

hlhjysks eg tbc prevkl`c eg @hj`h* hlm bhvc mctcrdklcm tbc acy gh`ters tbht fe bhlm kl

bhlm wktb tbc strhtcfk` pjhl kl qucstkel* ger tbc prevkl`c @hj`h* el tbc elc bhlm* feem

why te rcspelm te eppertulktkcs kl tbc fjeohjkzcm clvkreldclt* kc tbc hmvhlthfc* hlm*

scèlmjy* dklkdkzc tbc tbrchts hlm rksas, Kl èllc`tkel wktb tbcsc* kt ks wertb letklf tbht

@hj`h dust dhac octtcr usc eg hjj teurksd eppertulktkcs kt prcsclts* hlm phy spc`khj

httcltkel te klvcstdclt$ger wbk`b yeu èujm usc gklhl`khj suppert gred dklklf reyhjtkcs

hlm fhs kl tbc rcfkel$kl tbc mcvcjepdclt eg teurksd klgrhstru`turc hlm te trhkl sthgg te

prevkmc quhjkty scrvk`c, El tbc etbcr bhlm* kt ks lc`csshry te gestcr cmu`htkelhj

mcvcjepdclt* hs kt ks `cltrhj te tbc h`bkcvcdclt eg mcvcjepdclt* hlm hjse dust oc geufbt

tbc cvkj eg èrruptkel,

Gklhjjy* kt sbeujm oc letcm tbht ger strhtcfk` pjhllklf kl tbc prevkl`c eg @hj`h* wc

uscm tbc scqucltkhj demcj eg tbc strhtcfk` pre`css* hlm mcgklcm strhtcfkcs te gejjew kl tbc

èdklf ychrs* hlm wbesc preic`tkel el tbc ohsks eg h`bkcvhojc fehjs* ùjdklhtklf kl

?>?8,


14/178

xkv

]hojh mc @eltclkmes

Jksth mc ]hojhs, xvkkkJksth mc Gkfurhs,,,,,,,,,,,, xxkk

@hptuje K9 Pktuh`kl Fclcrhj mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h,,, 8

8,8 Pktuh`kl H`tuhj mcj ^cr,,,,, 8

8,? Pktuh`kl H`tuhj mc jh _cfkl @us`e,,,,,,, 83

8,0 Pktuh`kl H`tuhj mc jh ^revkl`khj mc @hj`h,, ??

8,= @el`juskelcs,,,, =8

@hptuje KK9 Wkskl* Dkskl* Whjercs* y @mkfe mc tk`h, =0

?,8 Hltc`cmcltcs,,,, =0

?,? Wkskl,,,,,,, =0

?,0 Dkskl,,,,,, ==

?,= Whjercs, ==

?,3 @mkfe mc tk`h =3

?,7 @el`juskelcs =3

@hptuje KKK9 Cvhjuh`kl Cxtcrlh, =6

0,8 Hljksks ]rkmkdclskelhj mc jhs Lh`kelcs, =6

0,8,8 Kltcrcscs lh`kelhjcs, Dhtrkz mc Kltcrcscs Lh`kelhjcs "DKL+, ,,,,,,,,,, =2

0,8,? etcl`khj lh`kelhj, ,,,,,,, =2

0,8,0 rkl`kpkes hrmklhjcs, ,,,,,,, 38

0,? Hljksks @edpctktkve mcj ^cr, 3?

0,?,8 @elmk`kelcs mc jes gh`tercs, , 33

0,?,? @elmk`kelcs mc jh mcdhlmh, ,,,,,,,,, 37

0,?,0 Cstrhtcfkh* cstru`turh* y rkvhjkmhm mc jhs cdprcshs, ,, 37


15/178

xv

0,?,= Pc`tercs rcjh`kelhmes y mc hpeye, ,,, 36

0,0 Hljksks mcj Clterle ^CP]C 36

0,0,8 Gucrzhs êjtk`hs* fuocrlhdclthjcs y jcfhjcs "^+, ,,,,,,, 32

0,0,? Gucrzhs Cèldk`hs y gklhl`kcrhs "C+, 78

0,0,0 Gucrzhs Pe`khjcs* ùjturhjcs y mcdefrgk`hs "P+, ,,,,,,,,, 70

0,0,= Gucrzhs ]c`lejfk`hs y `kcltgk`hs "]+, ,,,,,,, 73

0,0,3 Gucrzhs Cèjfk`hs y hdokclthjcs "C+, 77

0,= Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc Gh`tercs Cxtcrles "DCGC+, 76

0,3 Jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h y sus @edpctkmercs, 72

0,3,8 emcr mc lcfe`kh`kl mc jes prevccmercs, ,,,,,,, 7;

0,3,? êmcr mc lcfe`kh`kl mc jes èdprhmercs, ,, 6>

0,3,0 Hdclhzhs mc jes sustktutes, ,,,,,,,,, 6>

0,3,= Hdclhzh mc jes cltrhltcs, 6>

0,7 Dhtrkz mc crgkj @edpctktkve "D^@+ y Dhtrkz mcj crgkj _cgcrcl`khj

"D^_+,,,,,,, 6>

0,6 @el`juskelcs,,,, 6?

@hptuje KW9 Cvhjuh`kl Kltcrlh,, 6=

=,8 Hljksks Kltcrle HDEGBK], 6=

=,8,8 Hmdklkstrh`kl y fcrcl`kh "H+, 6=

=,8,? Hljksks y dhractklf "D+, 66

=,8,0 Hljksks mc Epcrh`kelcs y Jefstk`h$Klgrhcstru`turh "E+, ,,,,,,, 62

=,8,= Gklhlzhs y èlthokjkmhm "G+, , 6;

=,8,3 _cùrses Budhles y ùjturh "B+, 6;

=,8,7 Klgerdh`kl y èdulk`h`kelcs "K+, ,, 2>

=,8,6 Hljksks mc jh ]c`lejefh "]+, ,, 2>


16/178

xvk

=,? Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc Gh`tercs Kltcrles "DCGK+, 2>

=,0 @el`juskelcs 23

@hptuje W9 Kltcrcscs mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h y Eoictkves h Jhrfe ^jhze

"EJ^+,,,,,,,,,, 27

3,8 Kltcrcscs mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h, , 27

3,? êtcl`khj mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h,, 26

3,0 ^rkl`kpkes @hrmklhjcs,, 2;

3,= Dhtrkz mc Kltcrcscs mc @hj`h,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;>

3,3 Eoictkves mc Jhrfe ^jhze "EJ^+, ;>

3,7 @el`juskelcs ;?

@hptuje WK9 ^re`cse Cstrhtfkè,,,,,,,,, ;0

7,8 Dhtrkz mc Gerthjczhs* Epertulkmhmcs* Mcokjkmhmcs* y Hdclhzhs

"GEMH+ ;0

7,? Dhtrkz mc jh êsk`kl Cstrhtfk`h y Cvhjuh`kl mc jh H``kl "^C[CH+, ;3

7,0 Dhtrkz Oestel @elsujtklf Freup "DO@F+, ;2

7,= Dhtrkz Kltcrlh$Cxtcrlh "DK$C+,,,,,,,,, 8>>

7,3 Dhtrkz mc jh Frhl Cstrhtcfkh "DFC+ 8>8

7,7 Dhtrkz mc Mc`kskl Cstrhtfk`h "DMC+ 8>8

7,6 Dhtrkz @uhltkthtkvh mcj ^jhltchdkclte Cstrhtfkè "D@^C+,,, 8>0

7,2 Dhtrkz mc _udcjt "D_+ 8>0

7,; Dhtrkz mc tk`h "DC+ 8>3

7,8> Cstrhtcfkhs _ctclkmhs y mc @eltklfcl`kh,,,,,,,,, 8>3

7,88 Dhtrkz mc Cstrhtcfkhs grcltc h EJ^,, 8>3

7,8? Dhtrkz mc êskokjkmhmcs mc jes @edpctkmercs,, 8>2

7,80 @el`juskelcs 8>2


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xvkk

@hptuje WKK9 Kdpjcdclth`kl Cstrhtfk`h,, 8>;

6,8 Eoictkves mc @erte ^jhze "E@^+,,,,,,,,,, 8>;

6,? _cùrses Mcskflhmes h jes E@^,, 88=

6,?,8 _cùrses gklhl`kcres, ,,,,,,,,,,, 88=

6,?,? _cùrses gskès, ,,,,,,,,,,, 88=

6,?,0 _cùrses budhles, ,,,,,,,,,,, 883

6,?,= _cùrses tc`lejfkès, ,,,,,,,,, 887

6,0 êjtk`hs mc @hmh Cstrhtcfkh,,,,,,,,, 887

6,= Cstru`turh mc @hj`h,, 8?8

6,3 Dcmkehdokcltc y Cèjefh,, 8?=

6,7 Fcstkl mcj @hdoke,, 8?=

6,6 @el`juskelcs 8?3

@hptuje WKKK9 Cvhjuh`kl Cstrhtfk`h,,,,,,,,, 8?6

2,8 ^crspc`tkvhs mc @eltrej 8?6

2,? ]hojcre mc @eltrej Kltcfrhme "Ohjhl`cm Pèrc`hrm+,,, 8?6

2,0 @el`juskelcs,,,, 80>

@hptuje KR9 @edpctktkvkmhm mc @hj`h 80?

;,8 Hljksks @edpctktkve mc @hj`h,,,,,,,,, 80?

;,? @el`juskelcs 8=8

@hptuje R9 @el`juskelcs y _cèdclmh`kelcs,,, 8=?

8>,8 ^jhl Cstrhtfkè Kltcfrhj,, 8=?

8>,? @el`juskelcs 8=?

8>,0 _cèdclmh`kelcs,,,,,,,,, 8=?

8>,= Guture mc @hj`h 8=3

Jksth mc Pkfjhs y H`rlkdes 8=7


18/178

xvkkk

_cgcrcl`khs,,, 83>


19/178

xkx

Jksth mc ]hojhs]hojh 8, _hlaklfs Jhtklehdcrk`hles =]hojh ?, Cveju`kl mcltre mcj_hlaklf Meklf Ousklcss "823 ^hscs+,,,,,, 3]hojh 0, Klfrcse ^redcmke Dclsuhj per ]rhohie scfl _hdh mc H`tkvkmhm y

]hdhe mc Cdprcsh ?>>7$?>8> "Lucves Pejcs @errkcltcs+,,,,,, 6

]hojh =, ^remu``kl mc Clcrfh Cj`trk`h ]ethj per _cfkelcs "FVb+ 2]hojh 3, êojh`kl mcj ^cr per Cmhm, 8?]hojh 7, Mcslutrk`kl cl cj ^cr,,,,,, 8?]hojh 6, Csthojc`kdkcltes mcj Pc`ter Phjum y Dklkstcrke mc Phjum per ]kpe*

?>>;, 80

]hojh 2, Mclskmhm êojh`kelhj y Hjtktum scfl revkl`kh,,,,,,, 86]hojh ;, ^remu`te Orute Kltcrle* scfl H`tkvkmhm Cèldk`h* ?>>?$?>>;, 8;]hojh 8>,^CH Eùphmh grcltc h CK phrh @hmh ^revkl`kh,,,,,,, ?>]hojh 88,lmk`c mc Mcshrrejje Budhle "KMB+ mcj @usè, ?8]hojh 8?,]hsh mc Derthjkmhm Klghltkj ?8]hojh 80,]hsh mc Lhthjkmhm y Cspcrhlzh mc Wkmh, ?8]hojh 8=,Klgerdh`kl mc Pupcrgk`kc* êojh`kl y _hlaklf mc êorczh mc

^revkl`kh y Mkstrktes mc @hj`h ?2

]hojh 83,_cfkl @usè y ^revkl`khs9 êojh`kl per rch mc _cskmcl`kh y@elmk`kl mc êorczh, ?2

]hojh 87,@hj`h9 êojh`kl @clshmh per Frupes mc Cmhm* @clse ?>>6,,,,,,, ?;]hojh 86,êojh`kelhj y Hjtktum* ]hsh mc Hlhjghoctksde* êojh`kl per Pcxe*

lmk`c mc Dhsùjklkmhm mc jh _cfkl @usè scfl ^revkl`khs* ?>>6 0>

]hojh 82,Dhtrkz mc Kltcrcscs Lh`kelhjcs "DKL+ 08

]hojh 8;,@usè y @hj`h9 ^CH Eùphmh @clshmh* per _hdh mc H`tkvkmhm*


20/178

xx

?>>6, 08

]hojh ?>,@usè y @hj`h9 êojh`kl @clshmh mc 83 y Ds Hes mc Cmhm* perLkvcj mc Cmu`h`kl Hj`hlzhme* ?>>6, 0?

]hojh ?8,@usè y @hj`h9 Wkvkclmhs ^hrtkùjhrcs èl Eùphltcs ^rcscltcs perLdcre mc Bhokth`kelcs cl jh Wkvkclmh* ?>>6,, 0?

]hojh ??,@usè y @hj`h9 Wkvkclmhs ^hrtkùjhrcs èl Eùphltcs ^rcscltcs per]kpe mc Hohstc`kdkclte mc Hfuh* ?>>6,,,,,, 00

]hojh ?0,@usè y @hj`h9 Wkvkclmhs ^hrtkùjhrcs èl Eùphltcs ^rcscltcs perMkspelkokjkmhm mc Pcrvk`ke Bkfklkè* ?>>6,,, 00

]hojh ?=,@usè y @hj`h9 Wkvkclmhs ^hrtkùjhrcs èl Eùphltcs ^rcscltcs perMkspelkokjkmhm mc Hjudorhme Cj`trkè per _cm ôjk`h* ?>>6 0=

]hojh ?3,@usè* Pupcrgk`kc Pcdorhmh mc @ujtkves ]rhlskterkes mc Dclcstrhs*]uocreshs c Klmustrkhjcs per @hdphh ?>>2$?>>; "Bh+ 03

]hojh ?7,@usè* Pupcrgk`kc Pcdorhmh mc @ujtkves ]rhlskterkes mc @crchjcs yBerthjkzhs per @hdphh ?>>2$?>>; "Bh+,, 03

]hojh ?6,@usè* ^remu``kl mc @ujtkves ]rhlskterkes mc Dclcstrhs* ]uocreshs cKlmustrkhjcs per @hdphhs Hfrèjhs ?>>2$?>>; "]+, 07

]hojh ?2,@usè* ^remu``kl mc jes @ujtkves ^crdhlcltcs y Pcdkpcrdhlcltcs per@hdphh ?>>2$?>>; "]+, 06

]hojh ?;,@usè* ^remu``kl mc jes @ujtkves ]rhlskterkes mc @crchjcs yBerthjkzhs* @hdphh ?>>2$?>>; "]+,, 06

]hojh 0>,Mkstrkou`kl mc jes Pc`tercs ^remu`tkves mcj @hg, 02]hojh 08,@usè* Mkstrkou`kl mcj @hlel Fhsgcre* scfl ^revkl`kh ?>>; "Lucves

Pejcs+,,,,,,, 0;

]hojh 0?,Klgrhcstru`turh Betcjcrh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h ?>8> =>


21/178

xxk

]hojh 00,Hrrkoes Dclsuhjcs$^revkl`kh mc @hj`h "?>>;$?>8>+, =8]hojh 0=,^rkl`kphjcs Htrh`tkves ]urstkès mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h,,,,,,, 3>]hojh 03,Pc`tercs mc jh ^CH* Mkstrkte mc @hj`h* He ?>>6,,,,,,, 70]hojh 07,êojh`kl Mkstrkthj mc @hj`h,,,,,,, 73]hojh 06,Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc Gh`tercs Cxtcrles "DCGC+,,,,,,,,,,,,, 72]hojh 02,]rhlsgcrcl`khs h jes Feokcrles Lh`kelhj* _cfkelhj y Je`hj,, 7;]hojh 0;,Dhtrkz mc ^crgkj @edpctktkve "D^@+,,,,,,, 68]hojh =>,Dhtrkz mc ^crgkj _cgcrcl`khj "D^_+,,,,,,,, 6?]hojh =8,Klgerdc Cèldkè Gklhl`kcre,,,,,,, 28]hojh =?,_csudcl mc Fhstes Cicr`k`ke ?>8>, 2?]hojh =0,Klfrcses per Gucltc mc Gklhl`khdkclte,, 20]hojh ==,_csudcl mc Phjme mc Ohjhl`c He ?>>; 2=]hojh =3,_csudcl mc Phjme mc Ohjhl`c He ?>8> 2=]hojh =7,Dhtrkz mc Cvhjuh`kl mc jes Gh`tercs Kltcrles "DCGK+, 2=]hojh =6,Dhtrkz mc Kltcrcscs mc @hj`h,,,,,,, ;>]hojh =2,Dhtrkz mc Hljksks GEMH ;7]hojh =;,Dhtrkz mc êsk`kl Cstrhtfk`h y Cvhjuh`kl mc jh H``kl " C[CH+,,,,,,,,, ;6]hojh 3>,Dhtrkz mc Mc`kskl Cstrhtfk`h,,, 8>?]hojh 38,Cstrhtcfkhs Pcjc``kelhmhs,,, 8>0]hojh 3?,Dhtrkz @uhltkthtkvh mcj ^jhlchdkclte Cstrhtfkè "D@^C+,, 8>=]hojh 30,Dhtrkz mc _udcjt,,,,,,,,, 8>3]hojh 3=,Dhtrkz mc tk`h 8>7]hojh 33,Cstrhtcfkhs _ctclkmhs y mc @eltklfcl`kh 8>7]hojh 37,Dhtrkz mc Cstrhtcfkhs grcltc h Eoictkves mc Jhrfe ^jhze,,, 8>6]hojh 36,Dhtrkz mc êskokjkmhmcs y @edpctkmercs, 8>6


22/178

xxkk

]hojh 32,_csudcl mc Phjme mc Ohjhl`c He ?>8> 883]hojh 3;,_cùrse per Eoictkve mc @erte ^jhze,,,,,,,,, 886]hojh 7>,Mctcrdklh`kl mc Hspc`tes Hdokclthjcs phrh jhs Cstrhtcfkhs

^jhltchmhs,,, 8?=

]hojh 78,Jh ^crspc`tkvh mc ^re`cses Kltcrles,, 8?2]hojh 7?,Jh ^crspc`tkvh mc êojh`kl%@jkcltcs,,,,,,,,, 8?;]hojh 70,Jh ^crspc`tkvh Gklhl`kcrh,, 8?;]hojh 7=,Jh ^crspc`tkvh mc Hprclmkzhic 80>]hojh 73,Klfrcse ]rkdcstrhj mc Mkvkshs Fclcrhme per cj ]urksde _c`cptkve

?>>?$?>88 8=8

]hojh 77,^jhl Cstrhtfkè Kltcfrhj 8=3


23/178

xxkkk

Jksth mc Gkfurhs

Gkfurh 8, Demcje Pcùcl`khj mcj re`cse Cstrhtfkè, kvGkfurh ?, ^cr9 ÔK "Dkjcs mc Dkjjelcs mc SP-+,,,,, 8Gkfurh 0, ^cr9 ÔK ^cr @pkth "SP- mc ?>8>+, ?Gkfurh =, ÔK per H`tkvkmhm Cèldk`h* KK ]rkdcstrc ?>88 ?Gkfurh 3, ÔK mcj Dulme ?>>7$?>8> "Whrkh`kl er`cltuhj Hùdujhmh+,,, 0Gkfurh 7, Klgjh`kl redcmke Hdrk`h Jhtklh ?>>7$?>8> "Whrkhlzh er`cltuhj

^redcmke Hluhj+,,, =

Gkfurh 6, _hlaklfmc Gh`kjkmhm phrh Bh`cr Lcfe`kes ?>88,,,,, 3Gkfurh 2, ]hsh mc êorczh Lh`kelhj "êr`clthic mc jh êojh`kl+,,, 7Gkfurh ;, Jjcfhmh mc Wkskthltcs Kltcrlh`kelhjcs scfl hs mc _cskmcl`kh He

?>8>,,,,,,, 83

Gkfurh 8>, Mcscdohrquc mc Cljhthme mc _cùrses Bkmreokejfkès* Clcre hPcptkcdorc mc ?>88,,,,,,, 87

Gkfurh 88, Cj @usè y sus ^revkl`khs cl cj ^cr 82Gkfurh 8?, êojh`kl èl Hjfl Pcfure mc Phjum ?>>=$?>>;* KLCK ?>88 ??Gkfurh 80, Dhph mc jh ^revkl`kh mc @hj`h,, ?0Gkfurh 8=, Kl`kmcl`kh mc eorczh ]ethj _cfkl @usè* ?>>6,,,,,,,, 0>Gkfurh 83, ]cerh ]rkmkdclskelhj mc jhs _cjh`kelcs cltrc hscs,, 0;Gkfurh 87, ÔK ]rkdcstrhj ?>>=$ ?>88 =6Gkfurh 86, Klgrhcstru`turh Betcjcrh scfl @htcferh revkl`kh @hj`h ?>8>,, 38Gkfurh 82, Erfhlkzh`kl mcj Csthme ^cruhle hj He ?>88, 3;Gkfurh 8;, ^reyc``kl mc Klgjh`kl ?>88$?>80,, 7>Gkfurh ?>, ÔK ]rkdcstrhj ?>>= K$?>88 KK,,,,,,, 70Gkfurh ?8, Jhs @klè Gucrzhs mc êrtcr, 7;


24/178

xxkv

Gkfurh ??, Erfhlkfrhdh mc jh Dulk`kphjkmhm ^revkl`khj mc @hj`h 67Gkfurh ?0, Hfruph`kl c Kltcrrcjh`kl mc jes EJ^,,,,,,,,, ;8Gkfurh ?=, Dhtrkz mc jh ^esk`kl Cstrhtfk`h y Cvhjuh`kl mc jh H``kl

"^C[CH+,,, ;2

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"o+ @erch mcj Pur 88,;>#* y "`+ Ihpl 88,>6#1 mc pjhth sel "h+ @hlhm ?0,>?#* "o+

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rcfkl quc eùph cj prkdcr jufhr* èl ?6*>06 pcrselhs cdpjchmhs per cj sc`ter dklcre*

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mcphrthdclthjcs cstl h `hrfe mc jes feokcrles rcfkelhjcs* y jes `hdkles vc`klhjcs cstl

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dhyer hpeye h jes sc`tercs ds lc`cskthmes h trhvs s mc jh scfurkmhm hjkdclthrkh

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ûle* y sc mcoc trhohihr mc gerdh èliulth cltrc jes sc`tercs pojkè y prkvhme

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hjths dcscths y hjtkpjhlk`kcs* cxtclshs phdphs oermchmhs mc pregulmhs qucorhmhs per jhs

quc mksùrrcl cl`helhmes jes res* gerdhlme vhjjcs y `helcs* y jes ds kdperthltcs

sel jes gerdhmes per jes res ^hu`hrthdoe* Sruohdoh* y Hpurdh` "DKL@C]S_*

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tcrrkterke ùsquce les egrc`c ulh frhl mkvcrskmhm mc cxuocrhltc vcfcth`kl* melmc rcklh

cj `jkdh `jkme èltklclthj "DKL@C]S_* ?>8>+,

Cl jh ]hojh 2* sc ducstrhl jhs 80 prevkl`khs* hs ède su tcrrkterke per`cltuhj y

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^revkl`khj mc @hj`h, _cùpcrhme cj ?? mc levkcdorc mc ?>88* mcbttp9%%www,dulk`hj`h,feo,pc%klmcx,btd

@hj`h cst uok`hmh hj lertc mc jh `kumhm mcj @usè* cl`jhvhmh cl jh phrtc `cltrhj

mc ultrelè erefrgkè* melmc elvcrfcl kdperthltcs vhs mc edulk`h`kl quc kltcfrhl

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cdprclmk jh èlquksth mcj Kdpcrke mcj ]hbuhltklsuye* jjcvhlme jh ùjturh kl`h bhsth sus

jdktcs ele`kmes,

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kl`h Wkrhè`bh* perquc crh duy kl`jklhme h jhs hrdhs y frhl hdkfe mc suicthr lh`kelcs9

Wkrhè`bh erfhlkz cdprcshs mc fucrrh phrh cxtclmcr jes jdktcs mc sus medklkes*
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?=

klèrper pjclhdcltc jes vhjjcs mc [u`hy y @hj`h* c kdpuse jh eojkfh`kl mc trkoutes*

èl je quc hsclt cl cjjes hs su huterkmhm1 sege` jhs suojcvh`kelcs kltclthmhs per jes

hkjjus èlgcmcrhmes mc jes duylhs* pklhfuhs y etres* y* jucfe mc sedctcrjes* cdprclmk

jh èlquksth mc @`hytedhr`h "@hj`h+* y* mcspus mc hfeokhltcs fucrrhs èltrh jes

`bulpkvkj`hs y bhtul `èjjhs* sc rctkr mcj feokcrle phrh hèfcrsc hj seskcfe mcj phjh`ke

èlstrukme cl @hj`h* y* ùhlme sc bhjjhoh prxkde h jes 2> hes* mcskfl phrh su`cmcrje

h Kl`h Srè* mc trkstc rcèrmh`kl phrh jes `hjquces "Dulk`kphjkmhm mc @hj`h* ?>>2+,

êr jhs `hjjcs mc jh `kumhm mc @hj`h* sc pucmcl hprc`khr dures kl`hs gklhdcltc

jhorhmes* seorc jes quc sc cmkgk`hrel sejhrcs murhltc jh pe`h èjelkhj, Csths èlstru``kelcs

mcducstrhl quc jh `kumhm `hpkthj guc cj `cltre urohle mc du`bh kdperthl`kh* thlte murhltc

cj Kdpcrke mc jes kl`hs ède cl jh @ejelkh,

Medklhl jhs hjturhs `hjquchs jes Hpus tutcjhrcs mc ^ktuskrhy y Phwhskrhy*

dkjclhrkhs y dktejfk`hs mkvklkmhmcs hlmklhs quc mkcrel erkfcl h du`bhs jcyclmhs quc

gucrel trhlsdktkmhs per fclcrh`kelcs,

Iulthdcltc el @usè* Hohl`hy* Hkdhrhcs* @hj`h guc rcèle`kmh per cj

jkocrthmer Pkdl Oejvhr ède prevkl`kh èlgerdhltc mcj mcphrthdclte mc @usè*

e`hskl cl jh quc thdokl sc `rchrel jhs prevkl`khs mc Sruohdoh* @ethbuhsk* ^hrure*

@budokvkj`hs* Xukspk`hl`bk* y ^hu`hrthdoe* cj ?8 mc iulke mc 82?31 cl jh h`tuhjkmhm*

ùdpjc 827 hes mc rcèle`kdkclte ede prevkl`kh usquch,

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bkstrkè1 cltrc jes ds kdperthltcs* sc pucmc dcl`kelhr jes èliultes hrqucejfkès mc

^ksh`* Bu`buy Xesqe* Hl`hsbdhr`h* @hjkspufke* Srè* @bequc`hl`bh* y Jh`è [hvcre

"www,cjmkhrkemcjùsè,èd* ?>88+,

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@ruz* qukcl èdclz su prkdcrh fcstkl cl ?>>6$?>8> y èdclz jh scfulmh cl ?>88,


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?3

êr etre jhme* cj Feokcrle _cfkelhj mcj @usè cst èlstruyclme jh hutepksth @hj`h*

Dh`bh`hl`bh$Xucjjepukte1 cj Dklkstcrke mc @ujturh y cj ^jhl @E^CP@E cstl

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Bu`buyXesqe* Hl`hsbdhr`h* Srè* @hjkspuike* y cj ]cdpje @ejelkhj Phl ^cmre Hpstej

"Dulk`kphjkmhm revkl`khj mc @hj`h* ?>88+,

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scjvh hjth "delthle+ quc sc clùcltrhl cltrc jes 3>> y 8*3>> dsld, Hjj cstl jes vhjjcs

mc Jhrcs y [hvcre* rcspc`tkvhdcltc* jes quc èlgjuycl èl cj re Wkj`hleth "@bh`l*

8;;=* p, 0>+,

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dsld, Jkdkth per cj Lertc èl jes mkstrktes mc Eèohdoh y Ajjeule1 per cj

Cstc èl @bhjjhohdoh* prevkl`kh mc ^hu`hrthdoe1 per cj Pur* èl @hj`h*

`hpkthj mc jh prevkl`kh1 y per cj Ecstc* èl cj mkstrkte mc Ejjhlthythdoe*

prevkl`kh mc Sruohdoh "@bh`l* 8;2=* p, 87+, Jes premu`tes ds

kdperthltcs mc jes vhjjcs mc Jhrcs y Jhae sel jes skfukcltcs9 "h+ cj `hg* "o+

jh è`h* "`+ cj `h`he* y "m+ cj h`bketc, _cspc`te mcj sc`ter dklcre* cxkstcl

rcscrvhs mc pjhth y ere* y cj `cltre dklcre ds kdperthltc cs cj mc

Lklhyeàhsh "@bh`l* 8;2=* p, ?2+,

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ède cj kdpelcltc Kltk Vhthlh mc jes kl`hs* èl ulh gh`turh vcrmhmcrhdcltc

hsedoresh cl èdphrh`kl èl cj rcste mc èlstru``kelcs "@bh`l* 8;;=* p,

=0+,


50/178

?7

@eyh* `rchme per Jcy L, 887>; mcj 88 mc scptkcdorc mc 8;38* tkclc per`hpkthj mcj pucoje mcj dksde ledorc* y cst uok`hme cl cj èrhzl mcj Whjjc

Phfrhme mc jes Kl`hs* h ?*2>> dsld* y sc `hrh`tcrkzh per su pcùjkhr `jkdh y

sus tkcrrhs grtkjcs* quc sel klèdphrhojcs phrh cj ùjtkve mc dhz y etres

premu`tes hlmkles ède jh qukbuk`bh "@bh`l* 8;;=* p, 7?+,

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rcjkfkese9 cj Phltuhrke mcj Pcer mc Buhl`h* h mes ad mcj pucoje mc Phl

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cj Mh mc jh Cxhjth`kl mc jh @ruz cl cj `hjclmhrke `htjkè* sc gcstcih hj

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rcdeths tkcrrhs* prkl`kphjdcltc mc Oejkvkh y @bkjc* h rclmkrjc bedclhic èl

pregulmh gc rkstkhlh "@bh`l* 8;;=* p, 72+,

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mcj @usè1 cst ohhme prkl`kphjdcltc per cj re @hrdcl* y* hmcds mc su

utkjkmhm cl jh hfrkùjturh jhdch* etres rkh`bucjes kdperthltcs sel "h+ cj

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cj hrquc Hrqucejfkè mc Bu`buyXesqe* quc skflkgk`h @usè cquce*

uok`hme seorc jes 0*33> dsld cl ulh pcquch cxpjhlhmh cl cj tcr`ke

supcrker mc jh delthh,

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^ktuskrhy* Phwhskrhy* y hj gelme sc mkvksh `jhrhdcltc cj peojhme mc @hj`h

"@bh`l* 8;;=* p, ?;+,

]hrhy* `rchme per Jcy L, 83>?6 mcj 7 mc dhye mc 8;7=* tkclc per `hpkthj cj


51/178

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pucoje mcj dksde ledorc* tkclc ulh cxtclskl mc 30,62 ad?* sc clùcltrh h

dcmkh berh mc jh `hpkthj mcj @usè* y h mes dklutes mc ^ksh`, Jes turksths

èjdhl sus `cr`hlhs cl ous`h mc ocjjskdes y jhoerkeses premu`tes

hrtcshlhjcs, Cl dhrze mc ?>8

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Tesis Planeamiento Estratégico de la Provincia de Calca