Susan Lalic - Your Chess Questions Answered

8/11/2019 Susan Lalic - Your Chess Questions Answered

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Contents

ntroduct on 5

G ing S a d 7

2 dvanc d Rul s 16

3 Mat ng 264 Jargon 32

5 hi dr n 43

6 ou am n s and match s 497 h ss lock 60

8 mprov m nt 64

9 Grading 76

0 Op n ngs 7 9

11 omput rs 98

2 Pu l s 109

13 G n ral n o mation 1 16So ut ons 25



Introductionn e rs go, emem eng ess t out t e ge of 0

pend ng ours mo ing pie esnd t e o rd wit out re lw ng w t w s doingw m te ing l le els fromnne s up to se ond ry s hool

p s nd it s rel ti ely e sy tot w t e person needs to do

to pro e t e r g men e pl yer h s le t thees t e key to impro ement is

friendl g mes w le tr ingo mp ement s pr n iples Oneds gr du ll to o t n

gn on of the possi lities onhe o rd

ti e nd repetition, ike mosth ngs, e ng nd ment l, the

te o progress is norm l yet ng like this

p le ing t e rulesp ong un er in g mes

le re l y he king w t e he n do

s p w t n weeks or mont st e penn usu lly drops nd t eg mes speed p s e pl yer ismore le to spot e k tes ndsee ptures in s or er sp e oftime The qu ity o g mes will stille low t th s st ge s mu iso erlooked

s p g mes lengt en s the estmo es re se r ed or nd somestr tegy nd openings ome intopl y. in l y p yer s re dy orserious hess

is oo s designed to help youfrom step 1 r g t th oug s eg nner to e ond m nor

tou ment le el h e lso put together m n o

the questions h e een sked o erthe ye rs to guide p er or p rent

ike through the di erent spe ts

o hess. hope it will help to m kethe ess s ene en oy le ndperh ps w et t e ppetite of m nyto st on the ro d to re ising t eiress potenti l.



1 Getting Started

d f cu l rn h w y c ?

cog i d o of t compl x pop l g m i t d ill ot p t d th t

y c m th g m i fb t c i it ho d b

ibl to b gi ch ll gi gti d f i d f

of goi g o thi op i gpt

Why pl y ch ?

ood q tio t k th t o l t i mo t of p opl ill b to l th l b t

c b l o of oci lcc io it i l to bbl to p o x mpl , vi ti g o pit l, p i g i ch t m

o k o chool d t c i g oc ild if th k

Wh h bj c f h

ch ?bod ill h p opl

pl i g g m of ch v if t j t o dv t o lm It i

fo t o p opl o h th hitid d th oth bl ck Both idb gi ith 16 m d th tp o bo d oppo t ch oth .

h pl t k it i t tomo d th g m i d ci v ho of th pl ki g goi g to

b c pt d d c ot c pWhil ll oth pi c c b

c p d t i t di io fo t k go m o o d

8765432

H w r h p c up?

b c d f g hO m t , o ill d th t

th l d k l tt d toh d mb d to 8

p ctiv l o th dg of thbo d.

It i good id to g t i to thh bit of tti g p th hit ook

o d h d th b ck pi co t ighth k t i i l bimpo t fo co di g g m t

I h v n ny ch nh h p c n I l rn n ny?

Y b t p ctic ll t i totick th o t th t i d 99% o to m t hich tht d d pl tic St to t th t ch ppl o ld ll



8 Yo C ess Q es ions Answe ed

O c wh b o d pl yi g i to m t I w s s p is d t how

d c lt I o d t to pl y w th slightly di t s t d I i sist dth t th g l t o pi c s pl cth m h o , comm d th tyo do ot m k ch ss y h dth it is l dy by pl yi g with B tm " o Simpso " ch ss s t

th t my p pils bo st o ow i g

Wh c n s k s rd by b nn rs n s r nu ?

S t i g p th bo d th w o gw y o d s ypic l. h w y tom mb s to ot th t whit is

o th ight" i th t wh t sqm st b o h ight h d co oth bo d wh s t p o t oyo h q go s o h owcolo so th t whit q st tso whit sq d th bl ckq o bl ck sq Also thbo d m st b co ctly pos t o di th st pl c .

I lso occ sio lly spot p opltossi g o colo d th st i gw th th bl ck pi c s th tht i g th bo d o d b t pl sot th t Whit lw ys st ts std th t is ot goti bl

H w d s k n v ?

A ki g c mov o sq iy d ctio d th ollow g

di g m shows th choic o sq sh c mov to.

R m mb th t two ki gs cv b o d c t sq s si c

th y wi l b tt cki g ch oth .

H w d s qu n v ?h q s th most pow

pi c d sh c mov i st ighti o di go l li i y

di ctio s show

H w d s r k v ?

his s xpl i d i mo d t il o h ook is k ow s th s co dp g 10 d wh t is ch ck?". most v l bl pi c d mov s i





1 Yo C ess Q es ions Answe ed

H w is ptur m d ?

A piece can move to a vacantsqua e as desc bed p eviously o tcan captu e an enemy p ece byland ng on its squa e emoving thep ece and taking its place.

he pa n ho eve ope ates unded e ent gu delines as explained inthe next quest on.

No p ece except the kn ght s ableo ump ove ts o n o enemyp eces and the e can neve be mo ethan one piece on any squa e at onetime

ou cannot captu e you o np eces and k ngs do notgetcaptu ed Instead the game endsth checkmate" hen a king is

destined to be capt ed next moveThe ollo ing is a simple diag amf a captu e.

White to move s able to captu ethe enemy queen by mov ng theook to take ts place and emov ngt f om the boa d.

H w d s p wn ptur diff rfr m h r p s?

Whe eas all the othe piecescaptu e n the same ay as theymove pa ns cannot captu e n thedi ection thatthey move. Instead

they a e able to captu e one squa ed agona ly o a d no th east o

no th estIn the ol o ng pos t on thepa n is able to captu e e the theblack pa n o the b shop

Wh t is h k?

Check" is the o d that desc beshen a k ng s attacked by anenemy p ece.

The h te k ng s n check omthe oppos ng queen.

It s o en denoted by a signn notation, h ch s cove ed onpage 19.

It s llegal to put you k ng intocheck and you a e in check youmust escape I you cannot t scheckmate.



is se l to emembe that the et ee a s o t of check, as

ssed i t e ext pa ag aphWh i h km

eckmate is he a ki g is ik a d it ca ot escape as

; i the follo i g diag am.

a beg e s al a s espo d c eck it a ki g move b tt fo get that it is j st as

po ta t to look to see if o cat e the oppo e t s piece hich givi g check It ma a so be

ossible to b ock t e che kite has mo e tha o e a o t

eck i the ext positio Makee o a e 100% co de t of thes e befo e movi g o

G g S

Wh f my pp n n al w m ap ur h k n

f o oppo e t makes a movethat allo s o to take his k g, om st poi t th s o t

Fo this easo beg e s a ee co aged to sa check if theattack a opposi g ki g so thepla e i l ot accide tall emaii check

Wh f w udd nly d v rha a k n ha b n n h k f rm ny m v

If pla i g a to ame t game om st call ove a a bite to so t o tthe si atio e es state thato m st et to the pos t ohe e the il ega move as stmade a d a t me pe alt might bea a ded if applicable. It is eas toe to the eleva t pos t o if t egame s bei g eco ded b t co ldp ove mo e di c lt f the moveshave to be ep aced om memo

A f ie dl game m ght as el beaba do ed at this po t!

Wha ar h v lu f hp

his is a o gh g de, b t it isse l to o k o t e ass mpt othat the e ative st e gth of thep eces a e as fo lo s

Q ee =9Rook 5Bishop 3ght=3a =

We do ot give a val e to the ki gas it ca ot be capt ed i the samea as othe p eces a d s o h theho e game





wi o h r s or s r h r• u s h I should do s

n n ?ibl g id to ollo , th t

l i l do tom tic l ,1:. d t l o o o t h

d o k o l) c t thi g? t

g ho do blb th om o c

t ibl mo i llc d th o o t ot ot

u h u th mo id It i l to x ct

o o th c b t kg o h th

' ou do h th mi o t od g d ot ci o

1 s ak hil o o o t ik do k ok c i l ch c th t i d i ot ott d imm di t

1 b o look d i g d d il o l l t o

o t to c th bo d ith h-co b o o o

Wh t i th th t? It i o

d ju t co c i i g o o d b i g o o d to o o itio b

your o o t It o ib th b o i d t th t but out th i k d ctdi gl hi ki g hould bc l i Bl ck th t

d o Whit d d it, o tti gup th th t o m t hich i m t . A cli ic l o ch c o

th b t to t th o gh l i g m o o ibil tiR m CATA Ch ck o ch ck t ?A At ck o i c to c t ?A h t g i t m i c o

ki g?

Ge ing S a ed

Is h r m hod for d scr bing mov wi hou h ving o

d mons r i on bo rd?

Y , d b c I i h to i t od c t t to m k u thi gi c o , it i xc ll t timto g b c ot t o

t i o o th t thi g t chi chool b c oth i thchi d m t g t o t o th i td com ight u to th l gd mo t tio bo d i th i h togg t L t h m t bo d d

m q A m thod id d to d c ib mo i g t m o co-o d t .

o old o ill hdo g h t choo ith th x d- xi , d th i ci l i x ctlth m

R m mb to go o g thco ido b o o go u th t ii th l t lo g th bottomd oti g th , co b o hmb o th k , goi g th

bo dI lo ou g child to do o t t to d ot th i

choic o mo , b t t d itdo o i g th mo th i c K o ki g Q o



14 Your Che Que tion An wered

queen R for rook B for bishop andN for knight and the square you

wish to and on.Don t wor y chess p ayers canspell but it is con enient to use theletter N" for knight since the Khas been taken by the ing

For con enience and speedpawns are not ca ed anything andtherefore a pawn mo e is simplydenoted as the square it mo es to.owe er describing pawn captureswhich we shal sa e unti ater iss ight y more comp icated.

So take the fo owing diagramand we can see a bishop mo ingfrom c3 to f6

his wil be written as f6 f theishop was capturing some hing on

that square it is no a to write it asxf6Note that b ack mo es are nor

ma y written a er three dots if theyare written by themse es i ee8This shou d be enoughinformation to complete thefo owing questions

n you om o covw w v l n o f ?

Here are e positions with

uestions to answer Answers onpage 124.

White has ust played bishopto b5. Is it possib e for B ack to

mo e his pawn from d7 to d6

t is White to mo e. hep ays xf6 can B ack ecapture thesame a ue of 3 points

White is in check ow can heescape



{ Can Black escape from heo ng check

Getting Started 15

Q5I is White o mo e Is it checkor checkma e



2 Advanced Rules

W sp ci l ul s ofc s ing?

ou can cast e eithe side of theboa d using one ook and you kingou must c ea a path be een he

two and must not ha e mo ed eithebefo e. ou may not cast e out ofcheck and you must not cast eth ough a squa e that is attacked on othe wo ds th ough check". heking a ways mo es two squa estowa ds the ook and the ookcomes o e the top of the king andto the side Fo examp e

n this case White is ab e to cast ekingside and B ack may cast equeenside if neithe the ook o k nghas mo ed befo e. I doubt thisposit on has e e come c ose tohappening in a ea game but se esto i ust ate the method of cast ngas the white king wou d nish up ong and the white ook onwhi e

the b ack king and ook wou d endup on c8 and d8 espec i e y

A common mistake made bybeginne s is to mo e the king th eesqua es (instead of 2) when cast ingqueenside

Assuming Wh te s king and ooksha e not mo ed befo e is itpossib e fo him to cast e in thefo ow ng two positions ( and

) Answe s on p 124.



U s it matt r if I touch m r r ok rst wh castli g?

I DE Federat on te at ona ec ecs the wor d body of

) re constant y c ang ng the r es of chess. t sed to not w et er you to ched t e

t e ook rst w en cast ng > en made t mperat e to

p t e k ng rst or t e k ngk s m taneo s y p ded myse f on ow ng

d forced my oppo ent to wanted rook mo e whenoor man c ear y nte ded to b t to ched h s rook rst.

game but remember t far or the fact t at beha ed ke

o d a ways ad se touch ngg rst w ate er ru es F D

v operat on.

t ls is a g b ic o ati?

me t games and matc esrecorded on score sheets nc otat on ow e se ca

mes go down n storyo g yo may not beng a to ame t just yet you

w need to fo ow a gebra cn order to p ay t rough

games t s bookl w do I r cord a gam ?

en p ay ng for your sc ooe or n a tou ament, t s

rab e to a e a copy of thee t s necessa to keep anrate record of the number of

o es p ay d f there s t metro n operat on (see chess c ock

Advan ed Ru es 1 7

n chapter 7 and t ck ng the mo ess not go ng to put any fear nto

your opponent. When d d ath et cst was t ose w th sp kes w om feared before the race and thereforet s wor h ga n g the psycho og capper and by appear ng to ha e ther ght equ pment so to speak.

t may seem a m ss e step tosudden y a e to mo e press thec ock and wr te a mo e dow b t you remember t t t e e a e threepar s t w beco e seco d na reer a w e.F rst et us go o er the names of

each sq are on the boarda s a ways n Wh te s e hand

co er and you w nd that ma yboards are prod ced w t t eetter ng a d number ng a ong t es de a ready Ot e se a b ackfe t t p pen w do t e tr ck but doask t e owner rst

The p nc p e s easy we mustexp a n what p ece mo es a dw ere t mo es to T ere are acoup e of ways to do t s, a tho g

u t mate y t s t e p ayers nterestto wr te as tt e as poss b e for t esake of neatness and t me

sha cons der t e o ger systemand s orter et od toge er.

Ne t we w re se how todesc be the p eces remember thatthe pawn s ot ca ed anyt ng. So

K ng KQuee =QRook RB shop=BKn ght NNot ce that the p eces take cap ta

etters wh e the square names takett e etters for the a-h co-ord nates. shou d a so ment on that c ess

co umns and books are ke y toha e chess gur nes (p ctures of



8 Yo C ess Q es ons Ans e ed

the piece a y u i n tice in thb k.

t i rth y g ing th ugh agame here becau e it i di cu t tm e n ith ut a tr ng gra p fthi a gebraic" n tat n A atra ner I am c n tant y beinghanded game that are bad yann tated that it imp ib e trec n truct hat happened

u h u d a kn thatca t ng k ng ide i tten a 0 0and ca t ng queen ide a 0 0 0

The f ing i ne f the de ttrick in an pening ca ed theBudape t Gambit

hi u d be ritten a d rd2-d pa n are n t gi en ade cripti e etter)

f r g -f

2 c r 2 c2-c

2 5 r 2 7- 5

3 dx 5 3 d x 5Pr fe i na might e en cut thi

m e d n t 3 de but n the ear ytage it i pr bab y be t t put in

the capture ign x and remainc n i tent a much a p ib e



o 3

o

or

Ad an ed Ru es 19

or

+ or Not ce he " which denote

check. Again it i not nece ary butcommon and genera y he p

or An mpor ant factor here i thattwo kn ght cou d go to d2 and



Your Che Que tion An wered

he co ect kn ght. If ns ead therewe e ghts on b and b3 ob ous

y bd2 wou d hen not desc bewh ch ght mo ed and n th s case3d2 or d2 wou d ha e to beused Make sure you y undes and th s po nt before you mo e on

7 or d8- 7

7 a3or7 a2-a3

7 gx 5 or7 g4x 5B ack does not sa e h s b shop

hat was attacked on b4 A m s akeor pa t of he p an

8 axb4or8 a3xb4

Wh te canno actua y get awayw th th s g eed .

8 d3# o 8 5-d3#An unusua smothered mate but

an open ng trap ha has caught oumany an unwa opponen It s a soposs b e to wr te8 d3 ma

Wha i n a an "?

It s su s ng how d cu tpeop e nd h s ru e and grandmasters ha e been known to fo get

about t so t s we wo th get ngto g ps w th. There s actua y a



a y me hod o emembe ngle

he o d day i wa on ypu sihle o mo e a pawn one q arer mo e which mean

H progre ed e ow y or le i wa e era mo ed exchange began The

l con en among p ayerw s a he game wa oo ow and

r i wa peeded p bypawn o mo e wo

" on heir g owe e , er he o owing diag am

he wh e pawn mo e o a4,n one can r gh ly ay ha , in heday ha pawn co d ha e on y

e one q a e when i co d ha e c p ured on a3 There ore

awn mo e wo q are , i ill wed o be cap ed e ac y he

e a i had been mo ed oneare The en pa an e on y

l o one mo e howe e .

ay o he o owing mo e ol e he ench de ence whe e an

mp e en pa an occ r ear y

6 d d5 3 c3 Jb 57 5 a3 J c3 6 b c3 c5 7 g Jd3 bc6 9 5

Advan ed Ru e 1

6Thi can a o be wr en imp y a e 6

6Is r a y mor c ss

qui m

Yo wi p obab y no mee onen i yo begin ome o o compe i i e che a a c b o choob yo ho d now ha chec ock a e ed a a ma e o co r ein o amen . See chap e7

How ma y ways ar r ois a gam o c ss

The deci i e one a e checkma eand e igna ion b he e are wayo he game o end n a d aw S a ema e, pe pe a check, he 50 mo e



22 Yo Chess Q es ions Ans ered

u e, d aw by th ee o d epet t on,insu cien mating mate ia and an

ag eed d aw a e a co e ed ate inthis chapte It is an ad antage ithese a e a unde stood be o eente ing into a tou ament Thea bite s a e not the e to teach thep aye s the ne points o chess

If h v o ch c c Iig ?

es you can a ways esign andthe e o e ose the game. It makesme augh when a ch d te s me hedoesn t want to p ay any mo e andso I te him that is ne and toesign. I can t he says, Geo gewon t et me You opponent maywe be en oying his exce entposition and wish to continue toc eckmate, but he cannot o ce youto p ay on

At the top e e o chess, mate iade cit o as itt e as a pawn may beenough to cause a p aye to esign.Newcome s to chess a e mo e ike y

to p ay on to the bi te end.One g andmaste is amous o hishabit o p aying on in idicu ous yost positions Some top opponentswou d take this beha iou as an insu t, but the g andmaste in uestionee s tota y justi ed because he didonce sa age a tota y hope ess situation o his e o ts

Wh i m ?

This is p obab y the best eason top ay on i you a e mate ia y disadantaged and ha e p ecious itt ee on you side o the boa d. I

you opponent puts you in a si uation whe e you cannot mo e anything and you a e NOT in check, the

game is d awn This no ma y takesp ace wi h a one king He e is a

simp e examp e with B ack to p ay.

As B ack is unab e to mo e howe e pa n , White must concede ad aw

The next is a he examp e os a emate A houg B ack, to p ayhas se e a pieces, he cannot ega ymo e anywhe e and can p oud y tehis iends that he didn t ose th stime

Wh i p p ch ck?

xact y what it imp ies I onep aye is dete mined to gi e checko e e and the othe p aye cannot

p e ent this, the d aw is ine itab e.Take the o owing examp e



c u dn t understand why aJ was p ay ng n n such a

p p s t n. Wh e had usted a pawn when t became

hat c2 2 b3 c3 3u c2 eads t pe petua check.

i fold r p i io ?p aye may c a m a draw us nghreef d repet t n ru e f w th

same p ayer t m e n eachs n an dent ca p s t n s

p ted hree t mes T p e athe game must be rec rded r

rb ter be present t w ness thevan m eshree d repet t n and pe petuack are ntertw ned s ncepe ua check w ne tab y eadhe p s t n be ng repeated th ee

an ay.

mov ul ?f the e s n captu e ( n ngces r pawns a pawn m eer the pe d 50 m es (each p aye s ab e t c a m a d aw

we e t s b us y necessa y ha e an up t date sc re sheet t

e the p nt A we wnure recent y f g t ab ut the u e

in he Br sh Champ nsh ps and

Adva ed Ru e 3

went n t se an end ng wh ch hadg ne 70 m es w th u a pawn

m e capture there was nreas n why h s pp nent was g ngt p n t ut

The ea r ny was that he c a meda draw by threef d repet t n butth s was re ec ed as nc ect

Se e a yea s ag D thew r d g e ng b dy chessextended s me end ngs t 75 m esas t was fe hat 50 m es was n tsu c ent t test he defender t the

and n the days f ad uments (see page 57 f und myse fp ay ng u k ng r k and b sh paga nst k ng and r k r se eradays unate y ad u mentsha e a but been aband ned nfa ur u ckp ay n shes and he50 m e ru e s back t a un f mgure r a p s t ns.

W y would you wi o cl im d w?

There are many reas ns why y umay sh t c a m a draw examp e t secures ct y f ry u eam r y u are up aga nst asubstant a y str nger p ayer M stc mm n y y u w n y be tp eased t c a m a draw y u ares ng the game

W i p oc du foc m g d w?

The p aye want ng t c a m ad aw sh u d n m h s pp nenbe e m ng by mak ng asta emen h s ntented next m eand c a m.

Th s c u d be e he t repeat thep s n r the th d t me ath ee d repe t n c a m t



24 You Che Que tion An we ed

complete the ieth mo e for thatpa ic lar r le he opponent may

immed ately agree to this claim andtherefore succumb to the draw.Alte ati ely he may disp te thefact, then r her in estigat on sre ired, o en with the assistanceof an arbiter

Is r p n y for nincorr c cl im?

es, no ally if the claim isinco ect a time penalty of no morethan e min tes is awarded

Problems can occ r if one or bothplayers are in time tro ble, say lessthan e min tes n extreme cases,f the claim is incorrect, this co ld

result in a player losing on time. oa oid losing unnecessa time t snormal proced re for the clocks tobe stopped whilst nding an arb terwho will examine the claim Makes re yo r claim s correct if yo doha e less than e min tes, or itco ld ca se yo to o erstep the timelimit

W would b c ss d sinsu ci n m ing m ri ?

When there are j st two kings leon the board a king and knight ers s a lone k ng or a king and b shopersus a king, the game is declareddrawn as e en with terrible m stakesthere is no possibility of checkmate

Is off ring dr w" s sy si sounds?

es, altho gh you must t me itcorrectly to abide by the r les hecorrect process s to say Do yowant a draw " or something similaras you make yo r mo e and before

yo press the clock t is extremelyr de to offer a draw while your op

ponent is thinking and if yo offerone while it is yo r mo e youropponent is allowed to force yo toplay a mo e before answer ng.

Also, as a word of wa ng, becare l how yo reply to a drawoffer because a sarcastic responseOh yeah, really want a draw" hasact ally been made to stand on morethan one occasion was sitting next to a gamerecently and was surprised to hearthe con ersation Wo ld yo like adraw " answered by yes please,with two s gars" he o tcome wasthat the second player got a cup oftea and enjoyed it while playing on.

t is cons dered bad manners forthe weaker player to offer a draw inan atrocio s position, although awell timed draw offer can act as thestronger player s sal ation if h srep tation is s ch that his opponentlacks the con dence to see hisad antage thro gh

t is also rude to consistently offerdraws th o ghout a game two ismore than eno gh here is a newrule in inte ational tou amentswhich obliges players to registerwhen draw offers are made (an ="sign next to the mo e in uestionwhich is interesting for the p blic toknow as the game is circ lated andcan be important for the arbiter if acomplaint s made against anindi id al

W n I g p wn o igr nk do I v o promo o qu n?

No when a pawn reaches the endof the board t can be exchanged forany piece altho gh in ariably a



q l'l' s chosen because i is he111 o erful piece Some people

"

'nd r

he impression ha , if youd ' ha e a queen, you are noed ano he bu in fac y u

e up o nine queens and will o ask he a bi er o b ing you

• paresembe hough, don mess

by queening as many pa ns1 ble for he sake of i ou

noy your opponen a heas and pe haps run he risk

ema e if here are only a fewY p eces le An upside down

ca se e as a queen if youy a e one se .

e is a onder example ofe i is a mis ake o promo e o a

q een:

Advan ed Ru e 5

1 c8 ? c xc is s a ema eand herefore Whi e mus look ao he possibili ies. The key o hesolu ion is o underpromo e i hc8 ! when . c4 2 xc4 is noonger s alema e Whi eimmedia e y h ea ens 2 a8 and

herefo e is forced and nowb3! nally causes Black sposi ion o crack under he s aindue o he hrea s of 3 xa4 and 3c ma e



3 Mating

W ic m mum moun ofpi c s is i possibl o c ckmwi

he basic answer is two but it iswor h discussing which pieces andwhich combination of pieces areab e to do the business

No ices o en enqui e wheth r itis possible to checkmate with twoknights and k ng ersus king, or twobishops or a bishop and knight duoIt is ce tain y worth knowing theseo by heart as it can in uence yourdecision of which pieces toexchange as you ente the nalstages of the game

Queen and king against king, androok and king against king aretri ia in comparison.

How do I c ckm wi kingnd u n g ins lon kingirst le us look at one of the nal

checkmate positions we must aimfor.

he technique is re ati ely simplebut should be mastered beforemo ing on as it a common failingfo beginners to allow stalemate

with queen and king king akethe following position with White omo e.

he st job is for the queen to

trap the black king and fo m acage" om which he ca otescape his is done by c

Now the king is in a rest icteda ea fo ming 1 5 squares since it



c oss the mag a ines ad c4 c 1 .

z dage is get ing sma e

2is point the e s no way oen to o ce a sma e cage

11 d e o e t is t me to b ing in a the king .

5_ e +

gw ou d you tie the b ack king

o two squa es on he backk?

2is is the best squa e as the e isdange o sta emate when the

w king s eps o wa d ne t mo eT e b ack k ng must now eso t to

ing between the squa es g and

67 g3 m

hg

ow many d e ent mates a eu ab e to nd on mo e 8

ow do I ch ckm wi h ki gd ook g i s k g

ating with ook and k ng e susg is s m a to queen and king

Mating 7

but with ess dange s o sta emateLet us st estab ish a mating

pos t on.

You wi notice that hesecheckmates in a iab y occu at thes de o edge o the boa d This s o

the simp e eason hat a king has 8squa es o go o n the cen e o theboa d, on y 5 poss b e squa es at theedge and 3 at the co e o theboa d. Towa ds the end o the game,the at acking s de may not ha emany pieces e himse De e ingcheck ate on one o the edges ismuch easie and with ewe piecesmay p o e a necessity.

Now et us set up a position whe ewe must o ce the king to he edgeo the boa d in o de o de echeckmate Wh te to p ay.



28 You Chess Ques ions Answe ed

The rst job is to cut he king off. How do c ckm w k g

123

1d4

The b ack k ng is in a cage of 3 3a ready

345

d43

f4

' g3 g2

' g3 This is an impor ant po nt that

con ses some peop e since there isno mo e to make the cage sma erand no mo e to bring the kingforward either.Th s ca s for a waiting mo es nce B ack wi ha e to g e groundne t mo e

7 4

9 ' f 4 10 g4

11

g22g22

Be care not to p ay 1 g3h1 12 h3 sta emate here as youmust ne er et the cage get down toone square since then your opponentcannot mo e at a and you wiha e th own away ha f a po nt.

11 g112 g3 1 13 f m

d wo b op g k g?

First it s worth ooking at thena mate and then discuss ng howto force it om any s tuation toa oid fa ing fou of the 50 mo eu e

Now we wi sta t from the ne tposition and dri e the b ack king tohe co er n order to de i er hecheckmate

Our job is rst to d i e the k ng tothe icinity of the back of the boa dand as he is three squares away atthe moment our initia a m is topush h m back to two squares fromthe edge Don t forget that there arefour sides to consider and any one

wi do1 d3



s mple centra sing mo et o l· es the lack king to gi e

1s he must mo e and cannot' n centr l square

'cZ e4W the use o your king,

\ power piece in the• l g, ou w l get nowhere

z 'd6c4

ce how the ishops com ner solid ne through which

· c nnot cross 'c

a2T i s set up wo th

er ng ecause the kingo e en appro ch the shops to

a hem while they guard eachu cr' te ito

d4c4dS

'd6'c6'd6

other important manoeu re c shops and king work in per ect

ony to dri e the enemych to ts down all.

7cSed6

'd7c7'd7'd

Mating 9

1 1 e6 'eThe rst step has een completed

and now that the k ng is con ned tothe ck rank, we must nudge h minto a co er. Let us choose the oneon h8 and there ore we must preent the king he d ng the other w y

12 c7 '13 'f6 'e14 c6 '1S d6+ g16 'g6 'h

With the jo all ut completedthere re two things o w tch outorOne sta emate is always a

poss il ty and that s why 7 d5?must e rejected secondly youm ght e tempted to start checkinghere with 7 e5 g8 8 d5which un o tun tely lows the k ngto escape I the king were on g8, itis e ident that we could check on d5and then on e5 with m te so wemust play a waiting mo e in orderto orce the k ng to a worse squareotherwise known as placing the

ck king n zugzwang" (see page38 .

1711

cSdSd4 ma e

g8

'h



Your Che Que t on An ered

A helpful poin is o remem erha he a acking king is es

posi ioned on g6,,

g3, , e cdepend ng on he co er used fyou can achie e his ma e wi hin 30mo es from any posi ion or wi h 5minu es on he clock i should poseno pro lem f you are faced w h

a se ous game.

s i possib e o checkma e w hking bishop and knigh agains aking?

es, u is one is incredi lydi cu and one ha can ake morehan 30 mo es, e en wi h es p ay

Again, ce a n echniques are ahere o ice from he diagram hahe ma e occurs in he co e of esame colour as he ishop and infac i s no possi le o force ma ein he o her co er herefore, ifyou a e he one defending, youknow which co e o run o if youha e he cho ce!

he me hod of ma ing here has nop ace in a eginner s ook ecausei requires such perfec coordina ione ween he pieces and herefore will no urden you wi h he

me hod o e hones , o da e I ha eonly e er had o do i once in a

ma ch and i ook me 48 mo es (2away om a draw) so am no an

au ho i y on he echniques i possib e o checkma e w h

ng and wo knigh s agains aking?

is possi e o se up a posi ionwhere wo knigh s ma e, u only fhe opponen walks in o he ma e yh mself as i canno e achie ed yforce agains he es defence.

Howe er, you may e in eres edin he fac ha if Black had a pawni may e possi le o forcecheckma e Sounds per erse, le mee pand

Se up is posi on wi h a pawnlockaded y a knigh



I paw m st be sa elyded a d p e e ably as a

Y om the quee i g square asl ;i l or which reaso it will c clear soo . It takes a lot o

c a oeu ri g, but graduallyWl squeeze his oppo e t s g t e co er

i y the other k ight wouldV o t me to mo e i or the

d e to sta emate, but ow we' s how the paw cha ges thep he ight which has bee

t e tly gua di g the e emys ow able to ish the job

Ma ing

o a d d the q ickest route tomate be ore the paw quee s.

Fo e ample 1 c5 a 2 d7 a43 6 h8 4 g5 a3 (this is thepoi t hat stalemate would ha eoccur ed without the paw ) 5 mate

There has bee e te si e study oth s e di g but it is e tremely arei tou ame t practice a d o a lytakes more tha 5 mo es toe ecute so please do 't waste toomuch time o it as it does ot holdmuch a ue to the ordi a chessplayer



4 Jargon

Can ask about all the jargonbecause t can be o putt ng?

A w th mo t ld th r r lotof h t rm th t w ll moth g to th g r l publ , butr o pout d h r l . m mb r b g o d by th

word b rd golf d th k g tm t th t b ll h t poor lowy g b rd, o t mport t ot toum th t ryo k ow tly

wh t you r t lk g bout g w w l r h tot lfo ty how , b u

k ow t l t wo pup who hth r ow l ttl go wh h th y

ot b h k from d for ll Ik ow th r whol hool t lk thm w y. For mp , o you g

boy lw y y tl -up for tht of tl g d oth r w ll ot

budg from r f g to t k g orptur g" utt g th p

What s a TN?

h t d for h o to lty Mor r tly, gl" mor ommo ly u d.A mo th t h r b

publ h d b for b l m d tob T h mor u l dot bl t , th mor mpo t tho lty.A o lty om rly

mo 3 ob ur op g or

l t rou d mo 30 w llow How r, th mo t f

h pl y d by lub pl yfor y h lub pl y r bup t th t h g t o r d t for thd , but th t l fI d t lly h t o o l

m y y r go ju t b for f mogr dm t r u d t toptou m t How r my g mr ghtly w t u ot d th follow

p w tot ly u o g d ttook p g t w k oppo th l of T th t t

l k ly to h g th our of op g f our of o d

h world top pl y r h tok p up w th ll th l t t T th r op g o th y r ot

ught out

What s a plus" or m nus"score?

d d t om ro th phru t l mb rk d o t t o ltou m t , but you m y w ll r dt h r l or m g zIf pl y r h 50% th r or " wh l yth g bo or

b low w ll b plu or m u orr p t ly

Th t tr ghtfo rd ough,but t ot o ob ou to work outwh t plu o plu wo orm u thr for mpl



lu on " m an that a play r on on mor gam than h ha

h r or , to b on plu on " round m an that th play r 5 point hi could b mad up

" X draw and on win or 5 win lo .

plu on " m an hal a point than a 50% cor

lu t o m an t o mor win o o a r round th would b 3u thr " m an thr mor than win which quat to 0

1 nly thr round hav b ny

ilarly a plu cor again acu ar oppon nt m an that you on mor tim than you hav

heard so eone u e" wh ?

sa ng

nc th rul o touch a p c , a pi c ", which i plain dpag 53 i ingrain d into you,

hought o touching a pi c that

u do not int nd to mov will llu with horror in ca yourpon nt in i t on you moving it.h r or what happ n i a pi c

i i a ign d and it b gin to bugu that it i o -c ntr H r youu t car ully adju t th pi c and

ad o p aining I m ju t

d u t ng th pi c mo t play rr to announc j adoub " a hor and t Fr nch

qu val nt ou mu t orgivp ay r or app aring to hout it outbut wo b tid i th r i ai und r tanding and an argum ntb a out ov r th p r ont ntion or touching th pi c .i wi you ar ab to adju t

our oppon nt pi c , but ma

argon 33

ur thi i a ay wh n it i yo rtr to mov o you do not int r r

with your oppon nt train othought R m mb r that i youtouch an oppon nt pi c ithoutany planation and it i yourtrto mov you ar p ct d to ta iti po ibl

Wha does en prise" ean?

hav alway thought thi phraa a rath unn c arilycomplicat d way to point out that api c cou d b ta n or nothing.

ou may h ar p opl di cu ing apo ition and th r mar youright i n pr " m an nothing

mor than that th nightund nd d, o n implying ablund r or ov r ight.

What is a e po?

hi r r to tim ta n, inmov or a u l mano uvr . Iyou hav lo t a t mpo or om

t mpi, th plural, th n you hav lo tor wa t d a mov or om movFor ampl , in a ing and pawn

nding, i om ind o pawn rac ita ing plac th n you may li tocount how many t mpi (mov ) itwill ta until th pa n promot

o put i imply, 1 3 5 2

would b a blatant a t o a t mpoa hit had th opportunity to p ay at onc

What is ater a ?

I onc gav a puzzl to a niorchool ch club and aid Whitto play and win mat rial". h y a lloo d at m with a b an ac untilI r phra d th qu tion to Whit



Your Chess Questions Answered

to p y nd w n p ece or p eces"M er l is us no her w y o de

scr e some moun of pieces, ndn this p rticu r c se w s lookingfor solut on h t won shop

P wns re sometimes refe ed tos pieces, hough if p yercl ims to h ve wo p ece the imp c tion is more th just p w

Wha s be ng he exchange upor down"?

Th s is phr se th t eg n ersh rdly use ut e perienced pl yersdon t think twice out c nctu lly c use some con ionec use tr ight e ch ngemp ies two pieces of equ l st tus

ei g sw pped off whi e ne ch ge dow i this conte trefers o piece count of ishop or k igh for rook Therefore eingthe e ch nge up will me n youh ve rook for minor p ece

There g in it of j rgon crepin s mi or p ece refers to

k ight or ishop while the m jor"or he vy" pieces re the queensd rooksSo do e pu off y he ring

comme ts such s Whoops the egoes n e ch ge or m only ne ch nge down ut if ce ch nge queens should e ok yin he ending Of course th s ech nge (of convers ion could not ke pl ce dur ng g me s nce oneis not l owed o discuss one s position wh le m tch s in progress.

Wha s a Gamb ?

A g m it is when pl yer g vesup p wn n the opening for somecompens ionwhich m y l e n

ig centre or r p d piecedeve opment

1 d4 dS 2 c4

. . is the most well k own g m itwhen it is r her c tegorised intothe Queen's G m t Accepted with

2 d c4 nd the Queen s G m tDecli ed wi h 2e6The p w m ght e reg ned

couple of moves or no even t kenn he rst p ce. owever theopening w l sti l e refer ed o s g m it" if p wn is o ered

Wha s a w ss Gamb ?

This is nothi g to do w th thectu l moves pl yed i g me ofchess This is occ sio ll wh tstrong ( ut l z ) pl yers do in tou ment

Let s s y there re 6 rounds ndMr.X re ises th t t w ll e h rdwork to w n ll his g mes. The espl yers will no dou t win he r e rlyg mes nd e on 100% score. norder to void pl y ng them, Mr Xmight dr w h s rs g me nd w lltherefore e pl ying just elow thetop o rds

The ide is th t the top p yersw ll t ke po nts o e ch other ndMr.X ends up on he top o rd n



last ro nd no as t ed as sonent w o as ad o deal w t

he toug compe i orsX d awing e s game andn ng is las 5 to ake s p ized e a classic e ample o aiss Gam t".

ever, t e te s sed aro as a ee le e cuse or a gooda mess ng up s rst seeded

d aga nst a weak opponen , pred ng was inten ional t is very

e to e a le to predict results andings w e e a los al a po nt

a ever wo k to one s advantage.Swiss" re e s to e type onament and s d scussed e hap er 6

Wha does anche o" mean?his desc es a me od oe oping a is op on e wing to

h2 or g2 as W i e and 7 or g7 asack, nstead o t e mo e commonute via t e cent e as s own n t e

lowing d agram.

Wha is an open e?

This descri es a le w c as nopawns locking it at all It s well

argon

known t at ooks a e se l on openles s nce t e e a e no pawns o e

s rict t ei ng powe . An e ampleo t is s on t e e- e elow.

Wha is a semi-open e?

A semi-open le re e s to a let at as one pawn o pawns o onecolo r locking it

s ime t e e ample occu s one c and d les

Wha is a c osed e?

A closed e w ll ave at leas onepawn o eac colo r along t e way

e ollow ng diag am clea lys ows an e ample o t is on t ee- le



Y on An we ed

Wha are doubled pawns?

h s s a term used o describetwo paw s of the same colour whichha e made t o to the same lehey ca be e tremely weak a d arege era ly co s dered bad, althoughsome ope gs e courage such astructure order to a m for rap dpiece de e opme t or to ope aimporta t le For e ample, the rstdiagram clearly shows hat White isworse due to the fact hat his cpaw s wil be picked off e e tua ly

he e t e amp e comes afterse eral mo es i the Caro-Kaope i g whe e Black w l glyrecei es the doubled paw s1 e4 c62 d4 dS 3 c3 dxe4 4 xe4 6 5

x 6 gx 6 which leads us to thepositio :

Black prepares o castle quee sidea d te ds to use the ope g- lefor attacki g pu poses he f paw sare ot rea ly much of a liabilityhere si ce the trio of paw s cadefe d each other well e ough o e6 a d f5 later.

Wha is a backward pawn?

Agai this is someth g thatormally suggests a egat equal y Backward paw s ca ot bedefe ded by a other paw a dtherefore a piece could ha e towas e itse f suppo i g the paw iquestio .The fo low g diagram illustratesa e ample of a backward paw od6

It s ge erally a good dea to ree e o eself of a backward paw f



ssi le ecause i mig out e awkwa d to defend ut just

l e in t e case of dou led pawnse a e one o wo openings hatrc happy to e saddled wit ackwa d pawn.One of t e most nota le is theashnikov Sicilian w e e t e

ening moves run

e4 c5 2 c6 3 d4 cxd4 4xd4 e5 5 b5 d6

P ac ice has shown that Black getslen y of piece activity to compente fo is ackwa d d-pawnWhat are hanging pawns?

hese desc i e two pawnsstand ng a one a east of eachot e ey a e no mally associatedith fou t ank pawns on t e c andd les A ypical e ample of anopening leading to t e possi ility ofanging pawns is the ar akowea iat on of t e Queen s Gam tec ined

d4 d 2 c4 e6 3 f6 4 c3e7 5 g5 h6 6 h4 - 7 e3 b6

cxd5 xd5 xe7 xe7 1 xd5

exd5 11 c e6 2 e2 c5 13dxc5 bxc5

ar on

e lack pawns on c5 and d5 a ehanging ote that they cannot edefended y any othe pawns

What is an I P?

is stands fo isolated queen'spawn. t is also called an isolatedd-paw , since the queen s le andd- le a e one and t e same. Anisolated pawn is simply a pawn thatas no neig ou ng pawns, whilean Q P is a queen s pawn t at ise e of a mate on e t e side.

e I.Q.P pos tion is one ha canoccu f om many openings. Ane ample can e found in chapte 7

is d ag am llust a es the pawnst uctu e t at o en a ises with an

I.Q P. otice ow White as a weakd-pawn ut as t e half open e- le



Your Che Que tio A wered

nd he e5 squ re c n o en ser e s spring o rd with wh ch o l unch

n t c .The golden u e in I Q.P pos t onsis for B c o oc de hed5 squ re to pre ent Wh te pushingfo rd in he centre n f our ecircums nces. B c lso wishes toe ch nge pieces in order to re ch nending. The onus is de ni ely onWhi e to tt c

Wha is an ou pos ?

An ou post is squ re which piece s le to occupy nd esupported y p wn w thout thepossi il ty of eing ousted y nenemy p wn.

For e mp e, n the followingdi gr m, the wh te knigh on d5 isset ed in n outpost whilst theoppos ng knigh on d c nnot cl imn outpost since t c n e remo edy he p wn push c3.

Wha is ug wang ?

If pl yer w s llowed to s yp ss" nd forfe t his go, thefollowing ending wou d e dr wn snothing could udge the l c ingfrom he e6-squ re.

owe er, s we know pl yer snot permitted th s w y out ndtherefore e must re inqu sh he estsqu re nd wil ose w thout ghter he enemy ing in des nd

then shepherds h s p wn home tom e queen When p ye mustmo e nd n doing so worsen hispos ion, we s y he sm

zugzw ng"ere is ther e mp e of

zugzw ng"

Bl c h s no other possi ili yth n to mo e his ing, thus le inghis n gh on withou defence

Wha is a fork?

Just s ro d for s in wodirections so piece c n t c twoth ngs t once. n ght for s re hemost common ut t c n e



ssociated with any p ece. See ifou can spot the a ious o ks

qu ckly he e He e it is White to p ay with

o poss e knigh forks althoughe is clea ly supe o to the othe

Now a mo e complex fo m ofthe same theme Aga n it is Wh te toplay and win mate al.

White has a s mplebishopfork to p ck up the enemy queen

a on

And now one that is a bitdeepe as White can causede astation with aqueen fork

He e I ha e chosen a typicalmethod of pick ng up a piece. It sa ways necessa y to e ext a ca e lwhen expos ng you k ng to acheck Wh te to p ay.



f/ ( ·,\ , •s i 1· n w d

Q Pawn forks should eatched out fo especia y in the

opening hen the oa d is c o dedith pieces The fo o ing is at pical examp e ith White to play

ng forks a e decidedlyuncommon as e often a king illnot e en ente into the attle ut thesame p inciple applies and a kingcan ce ainl attack t o p eces atonce

Q White is a pa n do n, utcan he safely captu e the pa n on this mo e?

Q Rook fork T o ishops a egene a ly st onge than a ook as

long as they a e not a out to efo ked Wh te to p ay

Ans e s on page 24

What is a skewer?

This is he e you attack along aline ith the potential to pick upsome mate ial ehind anothe pieceAgain the same t ick can e doneith se e a diffe ent pieces and Ilea e you to sol e them:

Q White is t eateningcheckmate ith£ ut Black toplay is a e totr the ta les ith ab shop skewer



Q Bo h s des ha e usned and now Black o p ay s

nh cto make use o aqueen s ewera com ination wo mo es deepc ounds up the enemy queen

A simple one mo erookwer that ensu es Whi e (to play)inning ending.

Answe s on page 1 24.

ar on 41

Wha s a in

Th s means hat a p ece sp nned down and e t e cannotmo e due to check o it is not wiseto mo e i due o the loss omate ial such as a queen Foinstance he knight on 6 is pinnedin he o lowing diag am

He e a e some examples o howto take ad antage o a pin.

Q19)Black s th eatening ma e ong2, ut W ite to play can disa ehis opponent s o ces with a time yp



o Che Q e ion An we ed

Whi e has s castled and Wh te o play and wso he ques ion s whe he Black smate al.

a le safely to sna e the pawn one4?

Answe s on page 124 .



5 Children

ould want m c ild to learnss?

idence suggests that it se cial fo e e chi d to eght the ules of chess as it

cou ages concent ation andscipline skills Fo example, it ispo tant fo a child to lea how toe it in tu s to mo e and how tope w th ad e sit es such as eingc mated o losing thei queenng a game actually teach all

e yea twos aged 6 ) n a schoold t s nte est ng to watch theife ent app oachesen at that ea ly age, some

ild en a e mo e than happy tosign thei game in fa ou of ace l contented and unam itiouse while othe s ght on to theth o e en t y a spot of cheat ng

to secu e the po nt. t is c ea thatout one thi d will ne e want toay a game of chess again ut mo en half pick t up quickly and

n oy the endless complexitiesAnothe school in the a ea does

ot elie e in competition fo thechild en and, a though chess isught, matches a e not played and a

school champion is not sought Adittedly ha e not hea d the elant a guments fo the othe sideut cannot unde stand the conceptofp otecting chi d en n this way as

we li e in such a competiti e wo ld

ha e found nea ly e e y chi d toelish the p ospect of ente ing achess tou ament and while

would not d eam of fo cingsomeone to play against thei will would ne e dep i e the child en ofa chance to exce at something theyenjoy

We must not fo get that e e ychild is diffe ent and a taste of chessmight e just the ght medicine foendless hou s of const ucti e n

W at age s ould c ld sta tpla ing c ess?

his is a di cult quest on toanswe ecause it s diffe ent foe e y child Fo example, you willhea sto ies a out Fische eccent icfo me Wo ld Champ on) andKaspa o the cu ent Wo ld no 1)picking up the mo es and playingf om the ea ly age of 4 ut knowat least one g and maste who lea tthe ules at the ipe old age of 15

Of cou se the soone the ette isa ogical ule to app y, ut not alchild en will take to it until theipowe s of concent ation de elopand p ematu e p essu e could ha ean ad e se effect. was int igued tohea f om the enowned juniocoach Richa d James that sta ting at1 1 can ea equal fuits to someonewho lea s much ea lie He

explained that it s easie fo most



44 Your Che Que tion An wered

olde child en to pick up the losttime y studying themsel es,

whe eas younge child en oftenneed constant attention andstimulation om a pa ent o teache .

He ad ocates that if a pa ent isa le and willing to put in the timeand this could include fe ying achild to a clu an o playing athome, all well and good ut in factthe age is not as c itical as youcould imagine myself did notpa icipate in my st tou amentunti the age of 10 and it was quiteewa ding to g adually o e takethose ated highe , who had eenplaying fo se e al yea s a eady

I don t elie e in fo cing a childto lea unless they show inte est,and this could well happen whenthey want to e included in a familygame of chess o if, fo examp e,thei g andpa challenges them Ifyou don t play you self, pe hapsthe e is a eginne s clu at schoout the e is no point sending youchild to a clu at school o

othe wise until the es a e wellknown. he e a e occasionally chesswo kshops set up du ing the schoolholidays pa ticula ly in Londonhese a e designed to p epa echild en fo a clu and no mally lasta out 5 days ut a e admittedly fewand fa etween

f the wo st comes to the wo st,lea f o a ook, ut make su e itis unde stood and expect it to take atleast 0 hou s to maste the les

f you child shows an unusualpassion fo the game at a young age(4 ) and picks up the ules andideas with uncanny speed, you oweit to him o he to sea ch out a cluand nd competitions ecause youcould well ha e a champion in the

making Don t wo , the e a echess millionai es, the money is

excellent at the topmy chi d pr ves be a en ed

a chess is i my j b pushhi her?

he answe is de nitely aesounding NO Ideally you ole isonly to e an encou age a ndeand a chauffeu noticed that a fathe was alwaystel ing off his son whe he ost andwhen was p i y to gi e p i ate lessons to the oy, the most impo tantad ice I could gi e was fo thefathe to lea e him alone conce ingchess. can elate many sto ies ofext e ely talented youngste s whoha e left the chess scene due to themise ies encounte ed y loud, ang ypa ents that seem to take itpe sonally when thei child loses agame. f on y the pa ent could take aminute to ealise that thei chi d isupset at the esult and that the est

cou se of action is to uild up theichild fo the next game insteadI am g ateful fo the chess ooks

that my fathe used to ing homeand fo the coaching he a anged fome, ut the well meant ad ice ofsuggesting that I should t yconcent ating du ing my games wasinc edi ly annoying as we othknew he had not played a se iousgame of chess in his life t was asou ce of amusement when he toldthe English socce team how to playf om his a chai ut they had thead antage of not eing a le to heathe hot ai

H w d nd u where myca c ub is si ua ed?



T e li a y o the local papeg t a e info mat on ut t e

t Che Fede ation hou d ele to put anyone in touc w thei nea e t clu

B ti Che Fede at on9a and Pa adeSt. Leona d -on Seaa t Su eN38 ODDel 01424-442500 01 424 1 83 3

e mail o ce@ c o g uk

What shou d ook for in alub?

F om an adult point of ie t iould e whethe o not theemi e a e licen ed while pe apa ent a e mo e nte e ted in thed tance f om home and t e meetingmeSu p i ingly enoug , c ild en a e

ot alway welcome at a c e c u t ey nea ly alway meet in an

e ening and no ody want toencounte a g oup of o e e citedc oolk d on t e late night out.

e efo e ecommend t at youeek out a clu t at ha pecialcilitie fo jun o Fo e ample

A tead C e Clu in Su eyecia ize in a jun o ection t at

eet one hou efo e the maine ion w ile Ric mond JunioC e Clu meet on Satu day alowe g oup in the mo ing and top et n t e a e oon.Not al a ea ha e uch u u ie

nd the e m g t only e one clu foile a ound whic gi e you little

c oice. My othe and I ad ane cel ent clu that we attended f ome age of a out 12 whic con ted

Chi dren 45

of a out 10 mem e T ey actual ywe comed ome young lood into

t e gat e ng and we we e gi enpec a attention fo t i ea on.People wonde ed w y we didn t nipound the co e to t e local clu of60 odd mem e ut we ne econ ide ed ea ng t e t ugg ngillage clu , e en when we m edt e la u ome and had to wa k 4mile

What opportun ties are therefor ta ented oungsters?

Fi tly t e e a e many eg onaljunio e ent and national e entt at you can nd out a out t ougyou c ool o the B iti CheFede ation. ou can take pa t nt o e e ent eit e a pa t of ateam o t e e ent a e t e e to entendependently.T en t e e a e t e wo ld junio

e ent w ic now take lace o eal t e age g oup ta ting at unde 9and going u to unde -20 fo w ich

mo t count e no mally end aep e entati e and a pecialn itation mu t e i ued

Se ection a e made y a ody ofa out in ol ed in c et oughout the count and t e e a eal o Eu opean jun o e ent tow ic diffe ent c ild en a e en if

po i ee late t ucce ful entu e nEngland wa to compile a na ionalquad of unde -11 child en w o a et ained and gi en t e c ance toe pe ence tou ament a oad.The e a e e e al e ent that a eheld th oug out t e yea wh chena e a playe to quali fo t equad and it ha p o ed an mmen eincenti e and goal fo t e c ild en



46 Yo r Che Q e ion An wered

How do know f m ch d excep ona a en ed?

As a junio it is especial yimpo tant to keep t ack of youp og ess in elation to othe junio sas this is a gely how selections a emade

As a guide, if you BCF g ade isyou age x 0+ 40 you a e acontende fo the national squad andwi l e anked high in the count yfo you age

he e a e simi a selections madesepa ate y fo gi ls He e theachie ement guide is less at youage x 0) Fo example, a oy of0ated 140 is a a e achie ement anda gi l aged 10 ated 100 will also enoticed That is not to say that somegi ls do not attain the same standa das the oys howe e .

adings a e discussed in chapte8.

How do go abou e ng up achoo che c ub?

This may e a e e ant fo a pupilin a seconda y school, a pa ent o ateache and it is actually not asdi cu t as it sounds.

he equipment equi ed ispe haps 0 chess sets to al ow fo 20ch d en a demonst ation oa d ifany teaching is to take p ace and aacant oom once a week with thelessing of the school.I ha e attended many school clu s

and was inte ested in a l thedi e ent app oaches possi le Foexample one schoo might ha e aeginne 's cou se fo yea s 2 o 3 atlunch-time and then a chess c ua e school fo those al eady a le top ay

A coach may e used fo chesst aining and pa ents may he p to

supe ise chess matches againstothe schools. Each chi d pays in theegion of £25 fo a te m and thisco e s the coach's fees althoughsi lings a e o en gi en a discount

Othe schoo s might e uckyenough to ha e a st ong chessteache o pa ent who is willing togi e thei time f ee, ut make su ethis pe son eally can play p ope ly took o e a schoo whe e a teachehad got th num e s up to a out 80ut in fact the child en had eentaught inco ectly and would esignwhen they lost a l t ei pieces, oinco ectly talk of stalemate if theyhappened to each king against kingCastling was a myste y to them andcheckmate something thatoccasiona ly happened y accident.t is ext eme y di cult to e educatechild en when they ha e eentaught ad y as o d ha its die ha d

Teaching eginne s is a elati e yst aightfo a d p oposition and

o en a teache with nounde standing of chess can con eythe ules f om a ook in a out 10sessions ofone hou each Howe e ,the e shou d e an ad anced chessteache to he p the child en p og essonce they ha e maste ed the mo es

po b e o m x a range ofab e n a choo che c ub?

It is est a oided if at all possi e.Ce tainly total eginne s cannot mixwith mo e expe ienced p aye s asoth sets a e ikely to e put of

he ideal situation is to ha ea out 20 child en who can edi ided into oughly equal sizedg oups, depending on age and



l ty and un an all-play-alle t Th s mea s that you play

e o e n you g oup. t may eta le to play eve y ody oncely w th a equal sha e of wh tesd lacks Alte at vely f theoup s small e e one can playch othe tw ce once w th eacholou and the nal total can eo ted up at the end A cha t can eade up fo any amount of playe s looks l ke th s.

I •h I I h2 h X I I h

v 0 0X

2v e 0 0 0 X Ie 0 h 0 0

he es lts allow elegat on a dp omot on P es can e awa ded as

cent es and the tou amen s case e as a way to dete ne who theest playe s a e w ll then eeas e to const uct the st ongestschool eam

have fou d the sen o schools toe mo e nfo al ut st uctu ede e ts a e aga n ecessa to keepte est go g

What other activities can I runin a schoo chess c ub?

Ladde s a e also popula whe ethe ch ld en a e placed on ungs a da e allowed to chal e ge peopleahead of them to take the placeand t to mo e up to the top of theladde

Chi d en 4

The ules a e ha de to asce a nhe e as you have to dec de how

ma y places a ove s pe m ss le tochallenge wha happe s f someo es a sent and wh ch challe ge takes

p o ty Ch ld en a e excelle t attak ng advantage of unclea ules soa clea set of gu del nes a enecessa he e.

One te est g act ty that sdeal fo la ge o small um e s s

called c c e chess" and ca ed outas followsTwo equally alanced teams a e

fo med a d s t oppos te each othen a c cle. O e team gets wh te on

eve oa d fo the whole sess onut th s ca e e e sed thefollow g week

ames eg n a d any playe whogets checkmate puts p the handa d sco es a po nt fo themselvesand the team F n shed gamesesta and eve 10 m utes o soall the games w ll e stopped andoth teams w l move one place to

the le ca e lly hav ng noted

whose tu t s to mo e on eachoa d Now e e yo e s faced w ha ew opponent and a pos t on theyha e eve seen efo e At th s staget s mpo ta t fo the pa c pants ostudy each game fo at least am nute and assess the s tuat oefo e cont u ng w th the game(asa ule k ds mo e fa too fast w thoutcheck ng all the poss t es).

t s of cou se ad luck f someo ehas passed on a d a ol cal pos t onto you ut the e s o pe alty foe ng checkmated th s gamethe e a e o ly ewa ds fo spot ngthe w n. The team a gle addsexc teme t to th s act v ty.

Puzzles a e popula too, ut o de o make a fa contest, ha de



4 Your Chess Ques ions Answered

pu es can e gi en to he st ongep aye s o the same pu es can e

handed out with c ues fo theyounge chi d enFo examp e, take the fo owing

puz e which can e announced asmate in two

Fo the st onge p aye s his wipose no p o em ut i is possi e togi e fo White's st mo eand then _ _ fo B ack and na y2 _8 mate fo the weake p aye sThe missing ette s and num e sshou d e ed in. Fo o ious

easons this ishangman pu z es.

known as



6 Tournaments and matches

Wha is he shor es game ofhess?

wo mo es s the quickest way toe checkmate although one sonent must e etty o ligingt has een named Fool s Mate"

d it comes a out when Wh telays a cou e o c azy mo es onhe kingside and allows Black tode i e mate on his second mo e

g4 eS 2 h4 ma e

Which quick me hods of

checkma e do need o be awareo

The a o e i most un kely toha en ut the e is an unusual maten th ee that occas onally ha ens inschool chess.

e4 eS 2 h5

At this o nt someone m ghttouch the king y m stake (if it sntentional, the s tuation is ext emely sad ) and e o liged to mo e itThe e is only one squa e:

2 e7 and the e fo lows xeSma e

Fa mo e common is the FouMo e Checkmate" o Schola sMate". While su e is ng junioschool matches I ha e o en witnessed one o t o games in a a y



50 our Che Que io A wered

ending in a co p e o minu es in thisway.

1 e4 e5 2 hS c6It is use l to deve op a piece and

defend the e5-pawn. At his poinmany games take a u fo thewo se with2 g6 when 3 xe5fol owed by 4 xh8 is disast ousfo Black

3 c4

White is now th eatening matewith 4 x 3 h6 is not apa t cula ly effective way to de end since White can continue with 4

d3 and unde ine the k ight byth eatening 5 xh6 fol owed by 6x mate

3 .g6 4 f6 is one of hebest methods to counte the system3 .e7 is sensible enough b t hasthe d awback that i blocks thedevelopment of Black's da ksqua ed bishop.

Howeve , you wou d be su p isedat how many times games end n thefollowing way

3 f6 4 mateThe e is an easy way to eca l the

checkmate Fi st White sho ldpinpoint the pawn in Black s campthat is only defended by his king

The weak squa e is and thenWhite's ob is to a ge it wi h hisbishop and queen st by movingthe e-pawn to let both pieces out

Black can also y to do somedamage on Whi e s -squa e but iss ightly handicapped as he movessecond

Having said all this the quickesgame wi nessed was du ing aninte ational tou ament in Ostendbetween two inte ational maste s

The game began1 d4 d5and at this point the

playe with the b ack pieces saidwould you like a d aw?"The e was on y a second ofhesitation be o e Whi e eplied ith

his move2 c4 and dec ined theoffe

At this poin Black esigned withthe comments that he didn't fee likeplaying today Rumou s blamed at ff with the wi e

How do I know when amread or a tournament?

When you a e con dent tha yoknow a l the ules a o t cas ling,en passant" and the va ious ways agame can end, and have an instant



e og t o of how the p e e moveou a e eady to e te a tou ame t

oes e er bod take part in oneig tournament?

No ot e e a ly t by fa theo e o mal fo the tou ame t tobe d v ded up to th ee o fouepa ate eve t that wayeve yo e w ll meet a oppo e t of am la al b e a they a e pla ed

e t o a o d g to g ade eehapte 9 o age

t a be ve y o g be au ethe e o ta da d patte fo howto d v de playe up by g ade Ea ho g e d e e t a d a etthe ow l m t Fo e ample o etou ame t m ght have a ov eeve t fo tho e u g aded a d u de00 g ade wh le a othe team of

o ga e may w h to be leult g a d al a eve t of u de

80 g ade a m o tou ame tMea wh le the o g e wh h

ha a ov e eve t w l u doubtedly

all the e t g oup up the m owh e the o e wh h ha al eadyu ed m o mu t all the

te ed ate a d o o To thday eve k ow f te med ate omajo the h ghe la ed

eve t a t va e f om ty to ty!he Ope the ma eve t a d

th w ll o e have h ghe p zemo ey tha the othe e t o o de to tempt the p ofe o al toput a appea a e.

A the g oup a e d v ded byg ade you w ll ot be u p ed tohea that people hoo e the eve ta e lly a f you g ade 99 tmake e e to hu t out the u de100 tou ame t f you a e a e a

o amen and ma che 5

v to y he pa g a e eeded tophalf aga t bottom half o t

alway omfo table to be ated eathe top a you a e l kely to playea ly eve o e ated lowe thayou elf The d awba k of th that people w ll o e t ate doublyha d aga t you be au e you a eo e of the be t playe a d thee e of da ge m ght m a theyput up a hell of a ght h e pe ally fatal f you a e p o e toove o de e be au e w thoutyou b a o ll ale t, t po bleto lo e to a yo e

O the othe ha d ome playeamb t o mp y to be omet o ge a d the efo e they te d toopt fo tou ame t w th a h gheg ade uppe l m t o they w ll meettoughe oppo t o . No mally am tu e of the two be t fo mo ala d ge e al mp oveme t

A d of ou e mu t me t o thehu t e who keep the g ade lowo pu po e o de to lea up e ta tou ame t he lub a

d that they lo e eve y game fothem, play g l ke a total d ot howto keep the g ade low) a d a 'tu de ta d how they w hp k g at a tou ame t thefollow g weeke d

am plea ed to tell you that the eou d el a e few a d fa betwee

but p obably o l be au e the p emo ey ha d m hed o de above t e pa t 10 yea

A othe p ob em w th u atedplaye a t d f ult foo ga e to k ow f they eally a eu g aded o f they have u td appea ed off the at o al t dueto a t v ty ove e e t yea heyould eve be t o g fo e g e Fo



52 Yo Che Q e ion An we ed

th s eason t s not uncommon oung aded playe s to be est cted to

on y ece v ng half o the adve sedp ze they a e success

What f rmat d es a chesst urnament ta e?

The answe s many d ffe ento mats, but the ve st schoo s

tou ament played n was aknock out compet t on whe e onlythe w nne s went th ough to the nextound unt l only one pe son wasle Th s wo ks qu te well onegame s played a week fo example,but s hopeless fo a one day eventas you have no dea what t me youw ll n sh.

Anothe type of compet t on thats use l n clubs and schools s ana l play all event (al eady d scussedon page 41) whe e eve one p aysaga nst each othe It s poss ble toplay eve yone once o to swapcolou s and play eve ybody tw ce,and the w nne s clea ly found as

the pe son w th the most po nts atthe end o a l the encounte s Th s sthe fa est tou ament by a as tcannot come down to who you hadto play along the way as eve yone sopponents a e dent cal. Howeve ,due to t me const a nts, t s unw seto un such a compet t on f youhave a la ge numbe of pa t c pantsAs a ough gu de 10 o 2IS andeal numbeThe efo e t s the sw ss

tou ament ules, wh ch comb nesthe concept of both knock out anda l-play-all that have become by fathe most popula . t s used on theweek end chess c cu t as wel as nnte at onal compet t ons Bas callyeve yone plays all the games n a

one-day qu ckp ay o week endcong ess the e would gene ally be 5

o 6 ounds wh st an Inte at onaevent, whe e the e tends to be onlyone ound a day, no mal ycomp ses o 9 ounds. (The easonInte at onal tou aments a e nea lya ways at least 9 ounds s becausethat s the m n mum numbe oounds fo p aye s to ach eve t tleequ ements on the quest tobecome an nte at onal maste o ag andmaste but we sha l come tothat late

If you w n you st game youw ll be pa ed aga nst someone whos also on 1 po nt n ound 2 wh e you lose the st game you next

opponent w ll also be on 0 po ntsObv ous y the deal s tuat on s fothe e to be two people to each 5 outof 5 and battl ng t out n ound 6fo an ove al w nne , but o cou set ha dly eve wo ks out l ke that asthe e a e d aws to be taken ntoaccount wh ch could fo ce halfpo nt oats up and down and f

the e a e on y about 20 ent ants, t sposs ble o the w nne to sco emuch ess than a 100% sco e.

All tou aments beyond the un oschool stage, and somet mes eventhen, w l be played w th clocksThe no mal schedule o one dayevents s fo each playe to have 30m nutes w th wh ch to completeeach ound and then about 20m nutes b eak n between games

Weekend cong esses tend to p ayunde t me l m ts of about 36 movesn the st hou and a ha f (on eachock) w th the est of the game to

be comp eted n about twenty m nutes each Th s pa t cula scena owou d make a max mum total possble t me o th ee hou s and fo ty



minutes o each game A b eak o least an hou is cus o a y and

e one game on F day eveningwo o th ee on Satu day nish ngwith two on Sunday the e isene ally abou half an hou b e kn il the p izegiving

f you have neve been to a chessment hat is open o a l ages

y u may be nte es ed to know thae e a e m ney p zes which cannge f om peanuts o an ave age

week y wage fo all th e levels obilityOnce you a e on the chess ci cuit is easy to nd ou de ails of tu e

events because the e is nea lyw ys l ge spl y f o he en

f s and you will be on ailings As w i e his book Cee ax andTele ext h ve an info ma ive chess

sect on that dve tises tou amentsoo

What do I score or a win?

n ou aments and matches you

sco e one po nt f a w n half apoint fo d aw an n hing fo ass

is ext emely a e f any hepoint sys em to be use b he e isn eno mous na onwideu ment n by the imag na ive

inte a ional maste Mike Basm nnd now involvin 35,000 child enh ough schools tha sco es 3 pointsfo a win wo fo a d aw one fo aloss and ze o fo an absence.

What i a b e?

If he e is n odd numbe ofpl ye s in a ou ament he pe son the bo tom of he list will beiven a poin bye

ou amen and ma che 5

A a ly s anda d p ocedu e tomost people but one man go ve

upset at an event when h s opponentM .Bye" neve showed up! touch a piece do I have to

move it?es bsolute y. Likew se if you

ouch one of yo opponent's piecesyou mus ke it if you can If youtouch two p eces the one ou nge e st takes p o ity An accdental b sh o knock ove shouldno count and even i you opponents blue in the face insisting tha youmust esign because you k ng wastoppled a calm explanat on o thebite sh uld s r ou he p blemAs d scussed in ch p e 4 bout

a ons you a e ab e o adjuspieces by sayin j'adoube" osome such colloqui l sm but p efe ably n you own ime so as noto d stu b you opponen .

Can I eat during a game?

Th s is on a pa with ea ng anoisy newspape n you sea whileyou opponent is thinkin

know that few people eso t tohese met s put thei ve s yff b t if you w sh to emain p pul bo h bits a e bes avoided.

O cou se if you happen to be avenous the e s no ule that says youcannot e t a he boa d but pleaselimit he munching to when youclock s icking and avoid c isps apples and ca ots wh ch will distu bhe neighbou ing playe s too

What is descrip ive notation?

Up until about 20 yea s ago theec n se me hod f ec ding



54 ou Chess Ques ions Answe ed

games and the standa d o innea ly all chess books was

desc iptive notation. Althoughext emely cumbe some one o twopeople have hung onto the system,e sing to change with the timesHe e the squa es a e named

acco ding to whe e the pieces a eset up at the sta o a game 1 e4would be 1 P-K4 (this time pawn isw itten as P) and 1.e5 would alsobe l .P-K4. 2 N is w itten as 2N- 3 and so on It is eally notnecessa y to amilia ize you selwith this notation Any good, oldbook will have been ew itten inalgeb aic notation

The only dange s i a g andathe was to decla e have someexcellent chess books in my lib a y"to his enthusiastic g andchild, onlyto hand ove some antique chessbooks in desc iptive notation thatwill quite ankly sca e o anyone.

O cou se the need o an inte ational chess language became mo eu gent w th inc eased techno ogy

and eedom o knowledge. Thewo ld-wide publicationnfo ma owh ch is a se ection o annotatedtop games uses no lette s o piecesbut only gu ines

Wh s t necessar t haveseparate t urnaments and t tlesf r w men?

should immediately point outthat it is a mo e common owomen to compete in mixed eventso en with special p izes, than osingle sex tou aments Howeve ,the e is a totally sepa ate Women'sWo ld Championship cycleAdditionally, the e a e special titleso women which a e set at a lowe

level than the male equivalent.Despite the act that many women

a e able to attain a male" (open)title, the system looks set to emainThe ha d and ast women s

l bbe s will sc eam that it is lack ooppo tunities and yea s oep ession that has led to chessbeing male dominated but I amemba assed to admit that as aemale I have had mo eoppo tunities than most and still lagbehind the top men

It is int esting that gi ls and boysa e quite equally matched in junioschools but as the ho mones sta t toshape us in ou teens, the e is aema kable d op out ate amongstgi ls am convinced that men a emo e likely to become dedicated oeven obsessed with a p oject, whilewomen a e gene ally mo e involvedwith seve al inte ests and tend not tospecialize as much.

Pe haps women a e not socompetitive and do not w sh towaste thei li e on a boa d game, but

think ew would doubt that thedi e ence between the sexes is aeal thing that s mental as we l asphysical

Some would say that the e shouldbe no specia events and p izes owomen in o de to encou age themto imp ove, but then I wouldquestion whethe any women wouldplay at all I will get into t ouble othat one but de nitely only s uckwith chess due to the wonde loppo tunities to ep esent Englandand t avel a ound the wo ld

The e a e o cou se a hand ul owomen in the wo ld who a e able tocompete against the men in theiown ight and I since ely hope thatthe situation continues to imp ove



s there an pr t c I sh u d beaware

You s ould s ke ds befo ee me d t e lose s ould offes d f e ds Some peoplet i i ted if you tell you oppo

e t e s lucky". I m f id it squette to ide you feeli s boutt b d me you pl yed d

o t ub it i ifyou i !You oppo e t m y t to i vite

you to lyse" t e meo m lly t e e is oom set sideo t is pu pose c you do ove to ccept A pol te excusebou bei st i o vi to

m ke p o e c ll s ould m ket em e ve you lo e, but it c bei te esti to d out just t youoppo e t did spot du i youe cou te d you mi t p ck upsome tips o t e ope i .

T e p ye o i s, o t epl ye t t e ite pieces if it is d , s ould d i t e esultimmedi te y e t e me is es

is ill elp t e bite s o mustll i e esults d p ep e fo t eext ou d p i i s

What if think that the arbitershave d ne the pairingsinc rrect ?

Somet mes t e o ize s m kemist kes doi t e p i i s d t eys ould be m de e f you ep ed to pl y someo e fo t e seco d time t t tou me t. Also ifyou ext ou d oppo e t s tot lly d ffe e t sco e to you, u less itis le itim te o t bec use o-o eelse is v il b e o t t sco e oup.

I emembe oup of elde lyc ess e t us sts o

ou aments and matches 55

tou me t t e M dl ds, El d eve ye . T e m b te

o d p ssed t e v ious testssudde ly died d t e est dec dedto co ti ue to u t e eve t t oouts de elp s t ey d tc ed"t e dece sed doi t e p i i s fot e p st 20 ye s. Ho eve , t ey d dt e c ds co ectly but fo ot to eve se t em t e c uci st eme i t t t s l ys t e toppl ye s p i ed i st e c ot ed t e bo tom pl ye s p i ed to

meet. Im i e seeds o e d t omeeti i t e st ou d t t eWimbledo e is C mpio s ips?is is o it s d o mou t of

compl i ou d bud e t eiop io . T is co t ibuted to o e oft e lo est ded p icip ts k y it st p ize. T e o yt you c do t t si tio isto boyco t t e eve t t e fo oye s t e co t ol e 's o d s

D I have t take m wn b ardand c ck t t u naments?

T s sou ds like si ly ques io E d d Eu ope e e ll t e

sets d clocks e supplied by t eo ize s, bu i Ame ic it is pp e tly o m l to supply you oI do 't k o if it is s sted t tt e e e o ly e u tio (i e. St u

to ) pieces d o ets to c oosec set d clock is used but itmust be bit clumsy o ei e smust lso tu up b ss l y u eof t s e I uess t e c ess st ldoes o i t de.

T e e e seve l supplie s iE d d s f s I k o , o lyo e eve t s se t to c os by t eo - v l of l t e e u pme t.e e e fe st ces of c ess




e ipme t be g sto e b t o eorga i ser aske c stoms i

G e sey to ook o t for 10 littlemeta b tto s i a s itcase goi gt ro g x-ray as 5 c ess c ocks abee stole d ri g t e eve t

Which tie bre ks re used iscores re equ l?

C ess is ot i g like te is ororm la O e e t e i er oft e race is clearly de e t ispossib e for a to ame t to e i amass tie o for example 5 o t of t is imposs b e to separate playersi a all-play a l (o e ise oas a ro robi eve t ereeverybody plays eac ot er, b t is iss to ame ts tie breaks arepossible

No a ly pri e mo ey is s areb t if t ere s o e trop y to bea ar e , vario s tie breaks maycome i to force. T e most commois s m of progress ve scores" (orS O P S as t t eory is t at t e

perso o scored t e poi ts ear yo ill come p aga st ar eroppositio a t erefore a t emore di c lt ro te et s takeplayer a a d b a d t eir res ltsro d by ro

a 0, 1 , , , 0, 1 1

O t e score c ar ic disp aysscores from t e ole to ame tt e r i g total ill appear as:

, , 2 , 3 3 4 5

ad t ese p a t e s m of t eprogressive scores totals 22

b , , , , , 0, 0, 0.

t e score c art ic s o l bep ated a er every ro , isplays

t e ru i g tota as2, 3, 4, 5, 5 , 5 5

maki g t e progressive score atotal t e above set of g res as 30

So b i s o s m of progress vescores

t e eve t of S.O.P.S be ge al, a seco d pop lar system is tosplit players o s m of oppo e t sscores" ic i volves totalli g t eal scores of all t e oppo e ts.e ig er yo r oppo e ts score

t e better for yo si ce it s ggestsyo played stro ger oppositio a dt erefore s o ld be re arded fort at fact e dra backs come ifo e of yo r oppo e ts it ra sil or goes o a ff if t i gsere goi g badly a d yo d t ate e vers a lo score to yo r tallyt at s ot tr y represe tative

T e e t fo s o l explai

exact y c , if a y, tie breaks illbe i force alt o g eeke dto ame ts it so ely mo eypri es il j st sp it e pri ese ally i t e case of a t e T eco s o s t ere ca arise fromspecial pri es ic are o ea ar e i additio to t e mapri es

or example, t ere m g t be t reema pri es of £300, £200 a £ 00it £ 5 for t e top female a £50for t e top j ior Norma ly o eplayer is ot able to more t ao e pri e So f yo are a tale tefemale, stil der 8 a d i t eeve t yo i l ot be able to goome it more t a t e £300 rstpri e t at f yo is t ird



t o e othe player ho is otl ble for a special pri e? If you

e t e s are of t i d place you et0 f you et your ome s pri e, s o t more at £75 but t at

l a es t e luc y ma ho s aredrd place to et a ful £100, a d

e ju or o s ed ext to ta e50 e e mi t ha e a readyo e ome expecti ot i !

t ta es a mathematicia to oout t e co ect pe utatio soo o e oses out, but t ere are oa d a d fast ru es as di e e to a ise s i terpret the s a i oft ese pri es i di ere t ays Iorder to elim ate t e problems, Irefe t e opt o of a p ayer beble to mo e t a o e pr e but u dersta d t e or a ise s is tos read t e ai s ou d as muc asoss ble

What i an adjournment?

A adjou me t is fair y areo adays, but it used to be commo

practice to adjou u is edames a d co ti ue a er a brea ,t e ext day or e e later.

It as pe issib e to study t eositio s dur t e brea a d t ereould be fra t c searc i for t ebest ayer a a lable to he p out. Ieca l players a i to be s o to

secrecy i case they a e a ay auc a mo e to t e oppo e t beforet e resta t of e ame

urt er adjou me ts of t e sameor later ames dur a tou ame tere poss ble a d it as i deedd f cult for t e arbiters to ma e faira s t out t e co ect resulte o It as a so t forlayers a d rb ters ali e o ereol ed i e dless adjou me ts.

o amen s and ma che 5

There did o appear to be aalte ati e ithout speedi up t e

time limit at t e e d of a ame byaddi a quic play is hichou d lead to o er quali y ames.The dra bac of o ly a theo e lo sessio as t at competitors ould a e to o it out foodfo lo er t a t ey are ormal yaccustomed

It as t the i ux of po e fulc ess compute s ic cou d odoubt i ue ce t e a a ysis ofpositio s duri adjou me ts t atse e o ei ht ou sessio e e

m y i t oduced t is o ly i ocalamateur ea ues held a e orere t s per aps o ly poss ble tot 35 mo es a our a d aalf, totalli t ree ours of play,t at adjou me ts are still practisedE e the t e players are o e ableto opt for adjudicatio i stead ift ey ca ot spare a rt er e eto i h t e matc

How do ou adjourn?

So, let s ima i e you are facedit your rst adjou me t W et e sess o is o er t e a b ter orteam captai t e case of a matcll br rou d a e elope. T e

p ayer hose u it is to mo e ilco ce trate o decidi his extmo e it is cloc st ll t c i .Mea i e the seco d p aye ilrite do t e positio o thedia ram o t e outside of thee e ope. As soo as t e mo e asbee decided a d discreetly r ttedo so o-o e ca see, t e rstplayer s allo ed to ta e t ee elope, e ter bot scores eets a dlic t e seal O ly t e ill is




c ock be s o ed a d e timesegistered o e e ve ope

T a o y leaves t e de ai s ofo i l look a er t e e velopeNo mally t e player o as sealedill give t e e velo e o isop o e t T is avoids epossibility of t e s bei g so elytempted to boi is kettle up a dc a ge is move

i ally players adjou i g musta a ge a ot e date to is esure you are a are of t e edetails because sometimes if aplayer elects to adjou rat er t aadjudicate, e as t e i co ve ie ceto trave to t e opposi g club tocomplete t e game

If t e sealed move is illegal oreve ambiguous, e laye couldell be defau ted. A ot er excelle treaso for maki g su e youralgeb aic ota io is i o der

A gra dmaster (still layi g i t eE glis team as I ri e o ad edispleasure of di g imself i alost positio agai st a a c ival

o e eve i g (t e adjou ed gamesere sc eduled fo t e follo i gday o ce sealed is move as goodmo i g a ". Fortu ate y ebragged of is misdeed a d also ofis i te io ot to tu u at t etou ame t a l for t eadjou e t Eve it a egalsealed move t is i itself is rudesi ce it eaves t e o po e t avi gto a g a ou d for a our u til t eperso o does s o is give aoss o time or u ately t e captai

ma aged to get t ere i time to grabt e e velope a d ide t e offe di gscore s eet ils esig i g fo isayer a d avoided at cou d ave

bee a i e atio al i cide t!

Wha i an ad udica ion

Some leagues prefer adjudica ioto adjou me ts to resolveu is ed games. T is i v lvesmaki g a reco d of t e positio att e e d of t e playi g sessio a dse di g it off o a i depe de t a dopeful y very s ro g player to

judge t e outcome of t e gameT e · ad udicator mus assess

extreme y complicated situa io sa d assume best play from botsides T ere is t e a appealsprocedure for t ose dissatis ed ie resul ic causes rt er

de ays as t e positio must t e bese t of to a ot er body Matcresults o e i ge o t e discretioof e adjudicator a d t is is mostu satisfactory if t e e so iuestio is ot of at east

i te atio a master st e gtSome p mary sc ool matc es

sto t ei u is ed games a eo e our e a mi imum of t irtymoves (usi g a c ess clock if

ecessary ave bee made. At t ispoi t a yo e i t o or morepoi ts a ead is a arded a · iu less e oppo e t ca proveove ridi g fac ors su asimmi e t mate

T is system is desig ed to caterfor matc es e e a eac er oa e may be i c arge o doesot eve play c ess. If ere is a ydif culty reac i g a decisio , t e eis a back up ossibili y to se d t eositio o o a adjudicatorNo ocedu e ill satis

eve yo e but t e argume t i favourof adjudicatio s is t at t e uality ofgames i l be rui ed it ra idtime limits to com le e games i arelatively s ort s a e of time.



As you gster I s ce t u c t o i g

os tio my oppo e t i fo ed i o u c rt i s offer t eyou g dy dr but f s e tu s

do I i c im s s esig e to sc ri g me

o ccept r , but I stuck to myu s t oug t t ju ic toig t be muse s e botl imed i G r y, t e p y ror c ub) o c ms co ect ymust p y fo t e se ce but it s

ou amen and ma che 59

curre t y o y ru g t bout £4pe pos tio

I o ve to judic te g mesmys f d, i e some positio sr c e r y b e o b ys d s

t ey ve re c d d g itforced co ti u t o s or ecog is b estructur s, ot rs seem to ve o yust e ter mi -g me it v but uge mou t of p eces d

possibi ities t e o y s es to b t e g m s .



7 Chess Clock

What s a chess clock?

I c se yo ve ot come cross

o e c ess clocks re desi ed tom ke s re t e me is over i l otted t me T s m y be 1 o rme i c t e pl yers ve- o r e c o t e c ock or p to 8

o rs m te tio lcompetitio

T e lo er mes ill orm llybe d vided p i to sep r te t melim ts s c s 40 moves i t e rst 2o rs (e c ) t e 20 moves for t eext o r d t e per ps - o rto complete t e rem i i moveso ever t e v st m ority ofm tc es re is ed by 60 movesIf y of t e time co trols re otre c ed t e pl yer ill lose o timelt o t ere re speci l c ses t e l time co trol ere c ot be rded to t e defe dero s o m ti m teri l left.T e clocks co sist of t o f cesd b tto t t yo m st pressfter e c move i order to stopyo r o clock d st t yo roppo e t's N t r lly e odi it l clocks re repl ci t etr ditio l o es ic s t ebo s of elimi ti t e possibilityof f lty s f lli e rly d ydisp tes of ic fe l rst

Remember t t t e clocks re otp rtic l r y rob st d eed c ref l

dli I remember v s t sc ool cl b d s impressed toot ce t t t ey possessed fo r c ess

clocks o ever t ey ere tot llylifeless s t ey d bee stored tt e bottom of l r e box t to sed ll t e c ess sets So be especi l y lert e yo re p yibl t ( r t er ild t me limit of bet ee 1 d 5 mi tes e c o t eclock) d void bot b tto s bepressed s m lt eo sly by force

A so et sed to m k yo rmove d pressi t e clock b ttoit t e s me d s it is ille l todo ot e ise

How can make best use of theclock?

It is mport t to se yo r llottedtime effect vely At rst t e clockill be m jor orry d be i erste d to pl y too f st to void yd er of losi o time It is lsocommo for be i ers to for et topress t e clock t ll s t ey becomer pped p i t e me so f yo roppo e t is spe d excessivemo t of t me t k c eck t tyo pressed yo r clock d e is otj st tc i yo r time ticki

yRememberi to press t e clock

ill r d lly become seco dt re Yo ill be less re of t e



dock'sp ese ce. I f c e Iy ou clock, I l ys re c

1 e im i c ock bu toi ive y f er mov . Usiy ur ime o e ll bu o e i1 1 me rouble is rder sk l o

erould dvise o o e o il i ly

1 1 i o ime rouble, l ou ifyou ve los pos o i m y beyou bes c ce o m ke your

o e ervous e e m yder. I do ' k o y s, bu me kes o e b e e sio o e o bo of e pl ye s is ie ime t ouble, d some imes

1 i e pl yer i b s o imeo r cks u der e pressure

i , ere re peopl oo ld i ore my dvice bouo di ime pressure bec use ey

ive o e dre li e deme c used by m ssive

me scr mble d eir oppo e s doi emselves o f vours byi d ed i o ime rouble oo, is so of e e c se. y e yime roub e is orm ly co sidered be y i orse move i u e bu I ve k o e re ld c s o e do o s l le s 2

i u es fo 25 moves d is is l cro d puller ry d pp y e r e o l ys

y e d of my oppo e o e

o k, ic is ex remely s isi feeli l ou i is elp l oo you ope i s i dep if youe oi o e o o e d s r . M y mes be ome o lydom i ime rouble derefore if yo o keep co rol

f e posi io , you s o d voidi s ort ll cos s.

Chess C ock 61

Are here any i if myo onen i in ime roub e?

If your oppo e i s s s oc e i cr sis s e is poised om ke bou 20 moves i 2 mi u es,you ob s o rem i c lm ( ic issurp s ly d cu f e isi c i y d bre

t ice e o r e) d c e lyyse e v ri io s. Do fo e you mus ri e do you

moves s ey ppe u il youve less 5 mi u es le o

your clock d do ' f l i o ep of p yi quickly bec use you

do ' o ive your oppo eme o k si lly e isio i o d ffere level o

you s e s e ed up for eimpe di io d so you muse im ou s i is rder o keepe level of le ess up i de i elyT e f mous pl yer d r i er

ob W de o ce old me o isoppo e s i ridicu ous imeroub e d so e o cup of coffeed s irred i very s o y d o lymoved e e se sed is

oppo e d el xed bi d so re dy o s er o ce Alsou less you re co de isyour bes op io , ere is bsolu elyo poi i e er i e i forci v ri io if you re yi o

i o ime s i ill be s mplici yi self for your oppo e o replyi s ly s ise o t ksqu res e e your oppo e slike y o ve pl ed is exmove, or c e e re isper ps o eve e bes move s iill be u expec ed



6 ou Chess Ques ions Answe ed

Wha is a Fischer" c ock?

You m y come cross cert itou me ts ere isc e clockse use . N me er t e re tobby isc er, h s co cept iste esti but chess p yers ve

e ou to o bout t out e style of clock bei i t o uce .s c lly t e isc er c ock is i it l clock ble to be set ith

m y iffere t fu ctio s but ism i im s to cre te t me limithere o-o e shoul ctu l y oseo t me t t e e

e i e s t t he pl yem kes move e ets extrmi ute or 30 seco s o h s clockSo, s m imum, pl yer llve 30 seco s (or o eve muct me s e ) fo o e move Less for t me trouble cts oevel i m ki 20 moves i couple of mi utes!

is m y pply from move o eor it c be use er o i ltime co trol t move 40 for

ex mple. A or se comme tet t, espite t e t eo eticpossib li y of me o oi e te y ith the scher t meimit, e h ever experie ce t is mes ve ys bee over

it i t e l otte timeA time limit like t s s use t

t e test Europe te mC mpio s ips. A er move 60 ssoo s o e p ye s t ree ours oftime expire , bot p yers e e theve ext 30 seco s of t me

o e c subseque t move. om th tmome t o e pl yer cou ve theluxu y of for ex mp e hou pluslots of extr lf mi utes t ro ii e t e other pl ye is re uce to stress l situ t o of vi 30

seco s to m ke e c movet e e er It s poss ble to bu up

time by m k obv ous movesquickly, but eve sto i up couple of m utes ill ot feelcomfort ble to f ce i cu tecis o l ter

efore t e eve t be , ourome s te m c pt i su estet t t is oul c use problem fosomeo e to v sit t e v tory ermove 60 si ce, if her oppo e t s fe l rst, s e ou vep ec se y 30 seco s from themome t her oppo e t m e heext move to et to the l es b ck ( ep y!) before fo fe ti theme o time. e rb tersismisse t s s sproblem" t e ecis o to use t eclocks e t e

Ho ever, o i c e ts c st r veoubt o t e effect ve ess of thee time co t o .

o or cl ss r m sters osep r te ys, e e u re th tt ey h re c e zero time o the

c ock bec use t s occu e ee move 60 e they ouo i ri y ve o se se of erre i t e c ock. No ly tt is poi t e re use to extr

lf or our to comp ete t eme Ho ever, e t ey i see

t e clock ticki to ze o, t eyro ly ssume t t t is s t erst occ s o t ey ou soo

be e te t e sc er mo e ece vi 30 seco s move.I ste both clocks h l e ycou te o o ce t e f ct th tthey e y t e ex r 30seco s e o me t t t t eyere obli e to m ke move tt e ext lf m ute. Ob v ous tot s f ct, the p ye s c mly tc e



I H irseco s tick a ay a e eo h abbe as e t at ey a t e

m a a e a a st em O em s o ave e e a ale t e ot e as pa tic a y

t fo me as t as t el s boa o e N el S o t, o

os a i e i It took!; ·vcra ays befo e t e E l s

as back to o ma sp its l a t at t ey ecove eably a e t o to take t e

ea team o me als.o make s e t at yo e sta

t time limit a t e o ki s ofclock befo e yo sit o to a

e b t o t i k t at t is iv c ess playe s i te est to ave

Chess C ock 63

a sta a mec a sm o et seto.

s i possib e o ho d a series oquick ma ches wi hou he use o achess c ock?

L t c ess" is a pop laay to o a to ame ove o eeve i stea of si clocks ab e is so e eve e seco so i cate e t e ex p ayem st move f someo e co s ste tlyfails to move o t e b e t ey illbe sq ali e .

Games o l o mally be ovet i 15 mi tes e t e ext

pa i s ca be ma e. T ey a ece a y a si eve ts to atca pa icipate i



8 Improvement

Wha is he bes wa o improveear on?

You must p y d pl y d pl y

It is like le i g t e pi o ordrivi g At rst it is ig toimpossib e s you must co ce tr teo eve y lit e spect but gr du llyit becomes e sier d e sier u til itbecomes tur per ps er o eye r d t e t e time is ripe tole more dv ced tu esm oeuvres d ide s

ill rtsto used to rel te t tt e Polg r sisters d le t c ess st e r mot er to gue" d it sseco d ture to t em. t re lly ist e key t t e begi i g bec useu til someo e c spot t e squ rest t t e pieces re t cki g it degree of speed d co de cet ere is cert i y o poi t t yi g tou derst d deeper co cepts

Wha makes a successfup a er?

Of ll t e cr teri t i k t ebility to lyse or to see f re d is t e most import t If you

c ot c lcul te t ll ppe i complex v r tio , you ill ot beble to ssess et er it is correct toe ter t e complic tio s

ere re of course differe t typesof pl yers d K rpov t eex-World C mpio d K sp rovt e prese t World C mpioillustr te t e poi t perfectly

K rpov prefers tec ic l positio sit fe t ctics, lt oug t t is oto s y t t e c ot c lcu te ccu

r te y He s f t stic feel forere t e pieces belo g d is quiteppy to gri d do positio i

t e e dg me ere e is ble toco vert t e sm llest of dv t gesA e p of is oppo e t's or superior pl ced ki g is ll t t K rpov eeds to smel victory et megive you ex mple

Ana o Karpov W eR DebarnoB ac

Fre c Defe ce1 e4 e6 2 d4 d5 3 d2K rpov, o s World C m

pio t t e time of t is e cou ter i

1977 c ooses t e most solid optiog i st t e re c Defe ce. Notet t 3 c3 is ot t ll t e s me s itllo s 3 b4 d t e exciti g

Wi er v ri tio3 c5No e ve e tered t e T r

r sc v ri tio s l ck is ppy tobe s ddled it iso ted d pi retu for some ctivi y Hoever t is is pl yi g i to K rpov's

ds s e il lre dy be pl i gfor is oppo e t s p e k essesto prove f t l t e e d g.

4 exd5 exd5 5 g c6 6 b5d6 7 dxc5 xc5 - e7 9b3 d6 1 e1 - g5 g412 e2 c7 13 h3 d7 14 fd4





66 Yo r he Q e o A ered

Me hi e, K sp rov is ressvely mi ded d o e s cri ces

pieces i order to expose d t ett ck his oppo e t's ki . He h s excelle t feel for the i iti tived h s c re l y c ose is

ope i s to s it his style O e s cdefe ce" is the Ki s diich s served K sp rov el

over t e ye rs d bri s o t t ebes i is bility to ki t

an TimmanWh eGarr Kasparov ckK g ' d efe ce

d4 f6 2 c4 g6 3 c3 g7 4e4 d6 5 6 e3

W ite s c ose t e S emischv ri io i s e Ki 's diDefe ce ic is desi ed to set p stro p fo tio d bolsterp t e e4-p s l ck i v ri blyries t e f5-bre k to seekco terpl y

6 e5 7 d5 h5 d2 f5 - -Timm s o desire to c stle i

t e directio of t e orld ch mpio 's tt ck d t erefore set eshis ki o t e opposite i . Hoever, this policy is l ys extreme ydo b e ed ed s both sides try tob o ope the r oppo e t's ki .

d7 d3 c5 c2 a62 ge2 b5 3 b4 d7 4 cxb5

axb5 5 xb5 xa2

We c see t t K sp rov h ss cceeded i ope i t e positioo t e q ee side ich is the rststep No e m st direct his forcesto thre te t e ite mo rc before is o ki comes der re

6 ec3 a 7 'b2 df6 a7 fxe4 c6 d7 2 g4 f42 g5

T e complic tio s re lre dyre e tless s p s re offered forthe i iti tive le , ri t d ce t e.

Ti opes for 21... 6h5he 22 xe4 ives him st rdypositio d time to c lle e the- e ith ter . Ho ever,

K sp rov rejects t t co ti tiod spots m i seq e ce t t



lea es White ndering as hisentre c llapses ar nd him2 6xd5!! 22 xd5 d + pe y we en t tempted by

c6?? which falls f l 3e picking p he q een.2 xd exdN tice h w t e anchet eds p n g is grad al y c ming te24 ce7+ h 25 xc

25 e4+ 1At this p int imman called it a

ay as the f rcing ariati ns clearlyea t pain l c nseq ences i ea) 6 b3 a4 c4 c68 b3 xd5#.b) 6 c3 a4 cl a 8

bl ac) 6 f6 xf6 d4 x 8g xg

s m p it is a mixt e f hardw k whic enab es y t st dyand lea the penings, experiencewhich is gained f m playingt aments and the ability tcalc la e l ng ariati ns in rder tch se he m s fa rable pathhat all c n rib e being as ccess l playe

mpro eme t 67

Determinati n and c n dencewil als play a ma r pa as with

ther sp s.Wha is he m mum amoun

o ime ha shou d spend onchess i wan o remain in rim?

I is act al y rat er nc mf ableplaying in a seri s t amenta er a few m nths f n t t ching achess b ard, b t f c rse thesethings cann t be elped if exams rj b c mmitments ake er

As a minim m g ideline w ldec mmend at least ne weekendt ament a m nth, perhaps 4 cl bgamesand a c p e f s st dy aweek

How shou d s ud ?his study can take many f ms

b t as wit m st things a ariety ispr bably he m st inte estingapp ach

his migh take the f fp les p aying r gh games

st dying b ks n planning rendings r st playinghe E e g S a dard and ther

newspapers en c n ain a p lew ic is n a ly aimed at cl bplayers and are w r h a l kwe er a straight game be ween

tw t p players wit t n tes can be

m re ff p tting han c nst cti eHow can I earn rom m

osses?

The m st imp rtant s dy t d ispsych l gical as wel as practicalbeca se if y l se a game, it isimpera i e t ha e s mething else td next time if the game f l wedthe same path. There is n thing



68 Yo r Che Q e ion An ered

w rse that l sing twice in the sameway and it is t tally pathetic t si

d wn pp si e y r pp nent andpray that he d esn t pen wi hcertain m es beca se y d n'tkn w h w meet them ( speakfr m experience). Y may ha e tres t t a sys em" while w rkingt y r repert ire b t as y im

pr e and meet str nger pp siti nhe grea er the rgency n t t ha eles n y pening n wledgeWhat maga nes shou d take?

There is a wide range t ch sefr m. The m st p p lar in Englandis CH SS Mon h y which ries tcater f r a l le els. is c l f l andchatty with a se l g ide f ree ents and is c nnected t a larges pp y f chess b ks fr m i stle in E st n. ts wnership was

in d b f r a peri d f ll wing thedeath f R be Maxwell b t it wastaken er by a gr p incl ding theenergetic and likeable b sinessman

I M Malc lm Pein wh als r nsthe chess c l mn in heDa yTe egraph

The Br i h Che Magazine ism re h gh p wered with in-dep hrep rts n elite e ents and l ngtechnical articles that are m res ited t the pr fessi nal TheBr h Che Magaz ne has a l ngand respected hist ry and G MM ay Chandler c ntin es tg arantee its high q ality f chess

K ngp n is the maga ine I m senj y. There chess players l k atthe ligh er side f life and dig panything c nnected with chess rchess players w r h sha ng. swi h a e I g t News f r y " asa irical news i n T V. pe ple

m s be caref ab libe b t ntiln w I belie e the magazine has g

away with its frankness Y mayn ha e heard f all the playersmenti ned if y ha e n t been nthe chess scene f r l ng b t Garryane s ag ny c l mn is a m st f rall chess addicts.

F r seri s players wh like t geth d f as m c nf mat n asp ssible there are he s Se eralc nt ies ha e ne r tw lead ngmagazines F r example TheNe her ands hasNe n Che ,U S. . hasChe L e Ge many hasRochade Swit erland Schachoche France hasrope checwh e Spain peratesaq e andcho p r cho (Eight by eight)Teletext and Ceefax may als besef l w th t ament dates and

res lts b t it is sp radic anddepends n he inf rmati n recei edand pda ed

What are the basic princip es inchess?

Y will c me acr ss the ermbasic principles" in b ks andc n ersati ns when it can en beass med that y are wellacq ainted with them. s they ares imp ant I m st at least menti nthem as a reminder

a) Wha sh ld c ncentrate n inthe Opening?i) De el p y r Pieces.I liken the pieces t an a my r a

f tball team and which a yc mmander lea es his men a h meand g es int battle wi h a c ple fher ic b t senseless s ldiers? Theill strati n is perhaps e en be terwi h the f ball eam beca se



ldren w ll e lea ng that t sg d t wa ch m the

e-l nes and t s equally cra y g chas ng w ldly a er the alls t n ng the players t the estnts s he way t max m se terces and th s s exactly the sameess here s a est square f rch p ece and exper ence andn wledge w l tel y u h w t

rd na e them ready f r act n.pat ence plays a arge pa t n

e des re g f r chec a e fr me w rd g and h s can result n alayer nly de el p ng a c uple feces t s ndamenta t

remem er hat a game f chess d esn really start unt a l he p ecesre ut and nly then w l u ele t keep c n r f the p s t n.Of c urse eg nners chessn es many qu ck w ns ut nce player has lea t t sp t and meetny threats the games w l lastl nger. here are als s me as cpen ngs ha I w ll c er n chap er 0 t a d any f he typ cal tr cks

nd ear y acc dents) C n r l the Centre.

he m st effect e way tde e p y ur p eces s t ha e s mec ntr l n the cen re and genera lyrec mmend that y u sh uld make

3 pawn m es n the pen ng

stages unt l all the p eces are utOf c urse t s he d and e-pawnswh ch w ll a l w y ur sh ps utand the her pawn tha may m ,perhaps lster up y ur centre, st e c pawn he f-pawn s erydanger u t m e n the eg ngas lustrated fr m the f l w ngexample

mproveme t 69

e4 e5 2 6 3 xeS fxeS 4 hS+ e7 5 xeS+ 6 c4+

g6 7 fS+ h6 d4+ g5

And n w wan y u t nda str ng m e f r Wh te that w lw n n a few m es Answer npage 124.

CastleCas ng s the es way t pr tect

y ur k ng and t a s r ngs a r kt the centre f the ard Castl ngk ngs de pr tects the weak andsquares (as he r k lands nr depend ng n whe her y u arelack r wh te) here a astma r ty f the ear y checkmatesccur and t h des the k ng awaym any p ten al checks One f

the m st c mm n and safest castledk ng p s t n s as f l ws



70 Yo r Chess Q est o s A swered

N t that th and h2-sq a sa p t ct d and lat n it is als

w th thinking a t m ing th h2pawn t h3 in d t p nt aack ank ch ckmat

And n w my fa it ill st ati nf a king ca ght in th iddl f tha d

Q23) Whi play and f cch ckmat n 3 m s Answ npag 124

) What sh ld c nc nt at nin th middl gam ?

his is a ha d s j ct t pind wn as i la g y d p nds n thp siti n t th a s m ha d andfast l s that a s l t applyw th m st imp tant facty fa is t a id s ng mat al asth gam can imm diat ly ify q n falls y th waysidWh n y pp n nt m sy m st awa f th th at ifth s n . F xampl a pawnm c ld p ning diag nalsand anks as w ll as attack ngs m thing di ctly and th f thm st c mm n l nd s mad

wh n y think y hand st d th th at nly f th

t a th as n hind thm A asic ill st ati n will mak

this p int cl a

b3his app a s t simply attack th

knight t if y l k th

Wh t is als n w th at ning 2a3 sk w ng th lack q n andk n

) F ing a PlanEasi said than d n t h a

s m id as I m m wh n I wasg ad d a t 120 and w ld st mp d as h w t p c d in alati ly lif l ss p siti n w ldwast p c s tim l king at many

p ssi l ti s t c ld n t ch stw n h m w a p actical

d cisi n m st tak n as timsh ld sa d ass ming a cl ckis ing s d) nt l it is n d d inhandling la c mp cati ns hst w ds f ad ic that h lp dn m sly was t c ns d what I

w ld play f I had s al m s ina w.

F xampl is th a way tnd p a p wn is th a

ch ckmat t s t p? Okay I am n tall w d t ha th s m s

c ns c t ly t I ha f m d aplan and can st t ca y it t



ake he f ll wing p siti n

It is White play b there are direct threats t analyseWhite c d c nsider the tw

m e seq ence f c3 and then d4 tli en p the p siti n r e en thehree m e seq ence f h4 f5and g4 which sets p a threat fmate n g .

It is helpf t be able f late a plan in this manner

ii) I can t think f anything dIf y are still st ck a g lden r le

hat will help n many ccasi ns st impr e the p siti n f y rw rst placed piece Search ar ndthe b ard f r a misplaced knigh ran ndefended b sh p r an ndeel ped r k and hen t is clearh w t better y r p s ti n. Whenthe tac ics begin, y need y rpieces ready f r acti n and if hereis a l se piece ar nd, y can bes re hat it will enter the eq ati ns!

Wha shou d concen ra e on inhe ending?

N w we are back in terrisimilar t penings as we are likely

experience identical p siti ns hatcan be lea t and applied in

mproveme t 71

di eren games. It is w h g inger a few f the m st c mm n

ef re embarking n at ament it is a g d idea familiarize y rself with h w themate w th king and q een againstking, then r k and king againstking and nal y tw bish ps andking against king which is a greataid in piece c - rdinati n swatch t f r stalemate as i is ab tthe nly way mess it p and fc rse y ha e 50 m es tc mplete the checkmate fr m thelast m ment that a pawn is m edr a cap re takes place n all hesecases j st menti ned a cap re willn nger pe it a checkmate andtheref re the 50 m e le c mesint effect immediatelyhe f ll wing are m re ad ancedendings that any ne ab e 80 CFgrade sh ld be able t grasp.

Wha is he opposi ion?

As the king en plays an imp r

ant r le in endings the pp siti n is the term gi en t tw kingspp sing each ther when ne m stg e way ere is a sef l example

If it were Whi e m e1 'd4gains the pp siti n and with n



2 Yo r Chess Q es o s A s ered

wa t ng" m e s ch as a decenpawn ad ance the ack k ng m st

g e way al w ng the wh e k ng tn lt a eF example, s answe ed

by 2 'e5 and the wh te k ng headsf the h and g-pawns wh e

s n mp ement flack n acc nt f 2 c5 whenthe a-pawn w ll d p

sh w st h w mp ant thepp s t n can be, mag ne t slack t p ay f m the d ag ammedp s t n Aga n, e5 s the m etha f ces the enemy k ng s ep tne s de and th s t me Wh te s nthe defens e

Rook and pawn agains ook

was sh wn th s pa c la end ngp emat e y and d d n t nde standthe p nt at all n l was faced w hh w t defend he p s n n at ament game he ea e t hasc pped p eg la ly and I w ldec mmend h t y get g ps

w th th s ne ake the d ag ammedp s t n

Wh te s th eaten ng 2 f6 andthen pawn f wa d w th de astat ng

effect he p b em f lack s thatf he d es n th ng, and meets 2 f6

w th 2 b6+ 3 e6 w ns and f het es check f m beh nd w th

b 2 f6 f + the wh te k ngcan make se f h s pawn t sh eldh m m the checks w th 3 e6when a standa d w nn ng p s t n seached

h s s he ast m ment t set phe th d ank defence" w th

wh ch c c ally p e ents f6 N w f Wh te w shes t makep g ess he m s play2 e6and theth eat bec mes 3 f6 aga n

N w the sec nd c t ca m mentas the k has se ed ts p sen the th d ank and has t e- tew th 2 s 3 f6 can be metby an ann y ng se f checks f mbeh nd sta t ng w th 3 f h st me the e s n ef ge n e6 and sthe game s d awn w th c ect p ay

D n t w y f Wh te t es tb ng h s k back t bl ck thechecks w th3 aS as 3 f + f5 xf5+ 5 'xf5 'e7 b ngs s tan the elat ely s mple d awwh ch c mes nex

King and pawn agains king

An the c mm n end ng andessent al kn wledge f thet amen playe



his p s t n is in fact drawnh e er it is t e but let us

ut h w ack d es in fact the ab e'e6 2 'd4 'd6

An ther exa ple f taking thesiti n which re uces the sc e

White's king3 eS+ 'e6 4 'e4 'e7 5 'dS

d7 6 e6+ 'e7Re e be t stay directly in nt

f he pawn as uch as p ssible.7 'eS

ack c ul ha e ade ari usm es t e entually reach th ssiti n but n w he is n atight-r pe as ne slip can c st hithe ga e

he way t re e be " h w traw is that y u h e tw es

that l se and nly ne that sa esy u d8 8 d6 e8 9 e 10 d and si ilarly 8 f6are situati ns that permit White the

siti n and a safe passage f rthe awn t bec e a queen

he ef re lack must ensure thati is he wh is able t take thep siti n at the critical stage7 'e 'd6 'd e7+ 'e

And White's pawn ust dr p relse 10 e6 is stale ate

mproveme t 73

It used t be said f ritish chesshat en ings were played weakly in

c ar s ith the rest f thega eOur chess b ks especially

literature n penings lead thew rld arket but perhaps due tthe fact that s any club ga esused t end in ad udicati ns, urendga e technique is n t nea ly si p essi e.

When entering an endgame it isw rth bearing in ind the f ll wingguidelines

i) R ks behind passed awnsii) Use y ur king in the en ing.

his diagra can ser e tillust ate the rst tw exa ples aslack t e sh uld place his

r k behind the a-pawn witha2 bef e White can tu his

weak a-pawn int a st ength aw uld lea e lack in theunf r unate situati n f ha ing trun back passi ely t st p hisp nent's a-pawn queening but

ha ing the black r k behind thepassed pawn will lea e White tiedup defending the a pawn and enablelack t e ain acti ely p stedPlay ight c ntinue2 c4 'hS

' 'g4 and suddenly we can seethe p we f the king in the ending



74 Your Chess Questions Ans ered

iii) O tside passed pawns

At the r sk f generalising,beca se each p siti n y face islikely t be niq e, it is nlys metimes in r k and pawnendings, s ch as the ab e that antside passed pawn can pr e t be

m re f a liability than an assethe f ll wing is a de nite

example f the tside passed pawnbeing a winner.

White j st has t shepherd thea pawn p the b ard while keepingan eye n the -pawn

Knights are especially bad atdealing with tside passed pawnse en if they are in he icinity

a6! and the pawn cann t best pped If c 2 a7 q eens

Wha does a good chess ibrarconsis o

l k at my chess libra y and ne e kn w where t sta t as I·ha e6 b kcases ll f e e chesss bject nder the s n we erthese ha e been b ilt p er 0years and here we are interested inan essential backb ne f b ks teq ip the n ice and m rt ament playerY will need ne pening encycl paedia that c ers all penings asit will be a al able reference b kWhen y ha e rec rded a game, re en fr m mem ry it is intrig ingand extremely help l t g andf ll w the m es and see h wpre i s t p class games ha e g neY may nd that y f ll wedKaspar f r 8 m es r that yfell f r an pening trap that apre i s champi n als experiencedand f c rse the encycl paedia willgi e assessments andrec mmendati ns f r y r next

enc nter with the same peningY might meet an pening thay ha e ne e seen bef re a d itwill be lis ed in he pages nless it isa ridic s ch ice f m es byy r pp nent and is n t classed asa w rthy pening

here are 5 mass eEnc c opaed as of Chess en ngsA-E that are necessa f r thepr fessi nal b t I rec mmend theBa sford Chess pen ngs as anexcellent starter which sh ld se ey ntil grade CF 160

As y bec me acq ainted withari s penings and de el p y rrepert ire y will want t btainm re inf rmati n n speci c penings and y will nd an excellent



nge f up t d te b ks mts f rd.

A select n f pl yer s bestnn t ted g mes r selected m stereces s ne f the m st en y bleys t help y ur m dd e g me pl ys t ll nc ude expl n t yc mments nd v r ety fpen ngs he nly pr blem s n tch s ng b k th t s n lysed tdeeply f r y ur level nd theref re suggest the f ll ng b ks ss t ble f r pl yers up t 30.

My 60 Memorab e Games bybby F scherThe Mos s r c e Games of

Chess E er P ayed by rv ng

Che evMy Sysemby N m v tchS mp e Chessby M ch el Ste n

An ther necess ry ccess s b k f c mb n t ns nd t ct csth t llustr te recurr ng themes fs cr ces r unusu l c nt nu ti nsth t f rce m te r w n m ter l.here re m ny b ks n the m rketth t de l w th h s t p c such s:

S mp e Chess Tac cs byA G ll m

mpro eme 75

The Da y Te egraph ChessP zz es by N r d

here re f r fewer b kspubl shed n the end ng f r thebv us re s n th t n t ll g mes gthe d st nce t n end-g me nd thep ss b l t es re less f r re ch ngwever ne c mprehens ve

end ng b k th t seeks t c ver llessent l kn wledge th r ct c lex mples is w se nvestment. Onesuch b k th t s h ghly ccl medIS :

Prac ca Chess E d gs by P ulKeres.

S meth ng w s gl d t h ved ne fr m n e rly ge s t keepsc reb ks f my g mes, c pied uper the m tch w th rec rds f the

d te nd result. t s terest ng tpl y ver the e rly g mes ye rs l ternd n effect ve y t keep tr ckf y ur pr gress here s en ls pl ce t put c mments nd s

quick mess ge f h t mpr ven the g me next t me c n benv lu ble he b ks s r h rdb und c n be b ght fr m ll them r chess suppl ers nd n llyc nt n r m f r 00 g mes.





bta n a g ad ng al h gh I d btne uld be publ shed f y u l s

ll ele ant enc unte s!Can I keep track of m grading

once it is pub ished?

Once y u ha e a g ad n f y ukn the bas c ay t ca c ate aad ng pe f ance t s p ss ble keep t ack f changes bef e ae g ade s publ shed thell ng yea

u ll get 50 p nts m e thany u pp nent's g ade f y u nnd ha e 50 p nts deducted ff h sade f y u se Ob us y a d all mean the pe f ance f theame ll be y tak ng eachthe s g ade and the pe f mances the a e age esu e the yea( he max mum ange f plus

m nus f ne game s 90 p ntsmean ng that n - ne c n s m ethan 40 p nts ab e bel y un ade f each match)S let us assume y u g ade s

100 and y u play a 6 ndt u ament th the f ll ngesults

1 . 1V 952. 0V 1203 1/2V 504 0 ung aded5 1 406. 1 8

N e ha e t d the sums feach und

1 1452 03. 60 (cann t be m e han a 40

p nt ange)

Grad ng 77

4 h s l n t c unt s nce thepp nent as ng aded

5 1 0 (must ake playe as 60s ng same ule as nd 3)6 13

tal 522 h ch must be d dedby 5 g aded (d n t f get theng aded d es n t g f a d t thecalc at n) pp nen s 104 4

o a l games get sent off forgrading?

Abs l tely n t t depends la gelyn the gan ze s make the eff tt send the esu s f g ad ng andh e m st a e ext emely e c ents me es s l al ays sl p by theays eThe p blems als c me henthe e a e p l t cal nte fe ences Fexample y u may ha e an excellenes t s me he e b t f the

t ament s c nnected t a c ntyass c at n that has fa len ut ththe CF the e m y ell be n

c - pe at n bet een the e ent andhe nat na g ade s and the ef ey u l ne e be e a ded f y ueff ts Spec cally Y ksh e and afe the c unt es up n th spl ta ay f m the CF ab t a decadeag C n e se y y m ght be l ckyen gh get a ay th yg ad ng be ng p tected f m ad sast us pe f mance but fc u se ab t 80% f all t amentand club games l make t n tthe g ad ng l st

The e a e act ally g ad ngl sts as q ckp ay e en s (half anh pe pe s n n he c ck) ands p ay games a e calc latedsepa ately





10 Openings

What pen ngs sh ul startw th?

his is n t s easy t answer sincehe e are a few t tally d erentsch s f th ght he fam sRichm nd j ni r chess cl b whichis well-kn wn f r its ability t cht masses f str ng j ni rs is strict

ab t the chi dren sticking t theclass cal pening e4 e5 ntil theyha e mastered certain aspects f thegame At this stage ther peningsare l wed t be p acticed inc aching sessi ns

On reaching a speci c standard( CF 50 l 000) they are thenin ited p t the next gr p whichis enlightened wi h practical y e erypening t at exists. ndi d allyhey are then able t decide whichpening they feel at h me with andmake a ch ice when they c me tplay their wn t ament games

he alte ati e appr aches are texperiment at an early stage withn s al penings r t lea stne pening and stick t it f r manyyears he dangers here are beingp t ff penings that are j st ts btle f a beg nne t nderstandin the st case t lim t y rrepert re and ne er nd the perfectpening that s its y n the latterI read an a ticle whe e Ste e

Da is was c mplaining that he was

p t chess at a relati ely ear y

stage beca se he felt b red by thestagnant p siti ns that can arisea er the standard 1 e4 e5 peni g:

1 e4 e5 2 c6 3 c4 c5 4c3 f6 5 6 d3 d6 etc

I kn w h w he felt b t in fact am re ad anced player c ld ndp enty f ways t li en p the p siti n with f r example 4 c3 I thinkit is a sensible idea f r any player texperiment with new penings(espec ally the mainst eam nes) b tI can't deny that the Richm ndp licy w rks wel f r them

D nee an pen ngrepert re?

Y w n't get far with t nehe e is n t m ch p int shing inthe dark in e ery game when it is seasy t l k p the st few m es

t set y n y r way





lea ng 3 c4 wh ch is thetalian Game" (also k own as the

uoco P ano ) o 3 b5 which ised the Spanish o the Ruypez he e is absolutely nose in studyi g both open ngs inpth to begin with as you onlya e to choose one he e omhite's point of view

As w th Schola s Mate it s the-squa e tha s v ne able and thats why the bishop deve ops to thisa e

e e we ha e a majo c oss oadss Black ca also play 3 c5.

ou wil also want to k ow thebeau i l line that can occ a e3 d6 as you can se up an openingt ap wi ho t comp omising youposi ion 4 c3 g4 5 h3 h5

. and now you can win at least apaw with 6 xe5 (now the poiof d iving the bishop back to h5with 5 h3 can be see beca se w ththe bishop still o g4 5 xe5would ha e bee simply met by5 e5, defe ding the bishop)6 . xdl (6 .xe5 xh5 xc4 8b5 is wo h emembe ing

because it is no easy to calcula e sofa ahead at he boa )

penings 1

Q 5) An now I lea e t to you owo k out the fo ce mate n 2.Answe o page 124

gSNo ma ly you would not mo e a

piece mo e than once u il you havelly developed b t Kaspa ov has

g ven th s move h s seal of app ovaand it se s a dange o s t ap If youo not like ange ous an tac icalposi ions yo should co si e acontinuation s ch as 4 d3 o 4 c3instead and fo m a mo e ocileepe oi e

SThe e is o othe way o defen

the -pawn5 e S S?

A m stake that anyone coul

easily n himself p aying as iappea s o egain the pawn an



8 Yo r Chess Q es o s A s ered

m l eo o e e of o he gh g5

he ex move o e h owo ld eve d ove he bo d b e l k lle d he ho d

of e g v m eve ee e l d g hool m hed ov e o me . Abo 5

m e of d g ll e oo h p w fo he e of ol fe d e e ll e l oed e he mbe of bo d m l eo m op o ee l lo ge h 10 move6 w ll be ed f do o

me o h 6 d4 o ed o bepo e he e. h ve lw bee

ed w h 6 x b h ve beeed b olle g e h 6 d4 mbe eve o ge

6 Bl h o ho e h q ee

d ook we e fo ked7 + e6he o l w o h g o o h

ex p e e o w l be ed how m eo le o hek g o fe " w h g8whe 8 xd5+ le d o m e

c3 m o h Wh e keep

he e e. 4A h o ome l e m

d e p ol d defe e w h8 e b Wh e w ll lw ge d ge o b pp g opehe e e w h d4

e4A d el p po e move h defe d

2 d ow h e e 10 3, d v ghe defe e of he k gh o d5w d e g p h e lo ghe e le.

c6

1a34

a6

P eve g he gh eg o go 5 62 4

I h k Wh e h v g ll he he e d o ho ld le dde d h eq e e of moved e h g Bl off

wh le e g o e l e dev oo m ke e o leO e o h ve e ed h

o e of he m l e of oe e o e, o m ll hee ve 5 h move , wh h be

fo d good e lo ed . h e, o ex e

5 5 bo 50% of he e d m x e of 5 .d4 5 . b5 d5 xd5? he e .

A Bl k, le e boe g o g he moommo ope g move1 e4

o h ve w de ho e o he move he e he ol d

F e h defe e ( e6), he feC o K defe e ( . 6 he ee ge S l defe e ( c5) he

bbo d po l e5 epl ,he ex ble Mode defe e( g6)o p ovo ve Ale e defe e



(l. 6), t n me few These ree in m re epth in l ter in

t e h pter.et s s pp se y g f r them l h i e f r beg nner e5 y m st h ve s me e f t preven S h l r s M te with

2 h5 3 4 n 4 x m te gge t e4 e5 2 h5 c6 3 c46 4 6 5 3 4 et . b tere re m ny ther ys t v i

t e inst nt h m l ti n f l ng inr m veGener lly spe k ng n b y in ment wil h ve the ity

r the ptimism t ttempt the f rm ve he km te s n e i seri st me t ng f e q een f t e

me ff n te Bl k ne pe t t meet nt n t ns s h e4 e5 2 r the King s G mb tith e4 e5 2 4Ag nst the Q een G mb t 4

5 2 c4 re mmen th t myp pils b l ter p the entre ith2 e6, sin e ptur ng the p wnth 2 c4 n le t White

bt in ng f rmi ble entre w th3e4 n ttempt t h nt then th 3 5 b k re t 4 a4 c6

a c 5 6 3 c 3 7 5d7 3 en W te le neve pment g r ntee im le s nt e ge.

nn t the wh le reper ire

f r y , b t w nte t give yn e f h t g b t itM h f it ill epen n y rtyle

Wha i s e ne plays anpen ng have never seen e re?

s sitting next t the welkn wn nvent r" inte ti n lm ster Mike B m n wh e

enings 83

pp nent h n t yet ive f r thest rt f the g me B sm n pene

3 n presse the l k Fivem n tes l ter hi pp nent r hein, s t wn n imme telypresse the k th t m king m ve th the bl k p e e

B m n then ret e the ti nm h t the i m y f the y ngm n wh hit the l k b t n ithme f r e n e l re Y

h ven t m ve ". he like blem ter replie lm y h, b t h ve" n ve in the re t n fis -p wn.

S there re s me eir peningt t y will me r b t byn l rge t e tr nger t ey l k thew rse t ey re

t is h b u h ng ver plef ex mples th t y re l ke y tmeet n e r t i e ver y r hessreer b t if y remember the

g en rules f tw r three p wnm ves pie e evel pment n tstle, y nn t g f r r ng

4 The k lsky Openinghis m ve n t s r y s t

l k ts m t ex h nge ng p n f r m re entr l p n

W te w l then be ble t verm re key q res Theref re, er4 e5, White gener lly ntin es22,

n r er t meet2 4

with3 e5 n he h s s ee ein elimin t ng ne f his pp nent'sentr l p wns

hi pen ng is r ther irrelev ntt beg nners, w m st rst nf rem st n en r te n n tr pp ng m teri lA s mple w y t meet th b re

pening lies n 5 2 2 6th e tening the p wn n b43 a3





Black m t make a mallc nce i n he e f r ei he play8 .. d5, which prevent a ate e4 byWhi e b t perm t White land aigh n the e5 q are r he

c nt n e a in the game whereWhite will n be ab e claim an

ext a take in the centre with 4.9 e2 10 e4 c 4 1 c 4e 2 c3 13 1 g6 14ac a6 15 a4

t n t ea y nde tand thec mplex man e v ing f he grandma ter b t neither de giv nanyth ng away materially pi nally a Wh te p event i ppnent lan f expanding w th b5

15 a 6 e5 e5 1 e55 1 5 e 5

pe s 85

he m e natu a 8...xd5 nwi e d e t the e pawn n a6.

19 2 4Black eek t act vate hi bi h p

n b7 by ac ica mean a if Whitecapt re he pawn wi h 20 xd4B ack then regain the pawn wi h

20 .xe520 6 e6 2 4 e 225

Whi e ha bvi ly beencalc ating the tactic and i eekingt take advantage f the pin al ngthe d le. t i j tice that Whi e hahi p werf c nt n ati n ince ah piece are act va ed andwell placed.

22 a 5 23 5 c 24 c c 25 26 2





lis wh t Whit is up o Thqu n int nds o comm nc icious tt ck with 9 h4 ndh t so h s h 5 squ onhich to post knigh Bl ck mighth to lso cont nd with ngg ssiv ook which c n nt tht ck vi th -squ nd h

knight on b cou d sudd nly com i d - - 5

e 9 h4 h6 10 2 e7 e5 e5 2 e5Whi c p u d h co ct w y

s nc this op ns th f fo thhit ooks. Also s g n ul ,it s no m y b st to c ptutow ds th c nt sinc mo of hit l c nt squ s con o d

by doing this12 h7 13 g3Ag in us l g n l ul is

s n h h t cking sid wish so void xch nging s m ny pi c ss possibl nd c t in y to t inth qu ns, th most pow l pi cof l .

3 g5 4 5

15 6 e4 e4 17 h6 g61 e4 c6

C n you s st ong continu tionnow?

pe gs 8

19 g6 19 ..g6 0 xg6 h h3

wi win.20 h7Doubl ch ck must b ns d

by king mo .21 h7 22 g7 mate

Ob iously Bl ck could h putup b tt sist nc i on butth g m illust s th m in pointsof th syst m

should m nt on th t d4d5 3, onc som on h s xpnc d th S on ll som p y s d t min d to th ow sp nn in

th wo ks with . .f5 p v ntingyou d v oping n xt with 3 d3.ns d it is wo th knowing th t

you c n th n t nspos to nxc l nt v sion of th Qu n's

G mbit with 3 c4 sinc you c nquickly follow up with mov s suchs 4 c3 nd 5 3 which t g tsboth d5 nd th k p wn t b7.

c) Th Coll Sys m (d4 nd 3).This op ning is xibl bu o n

ch c is d by d v oping 30 0 bd , c3 (if n c ss y tobo s up th c n ) nd Whit wi l

hop to op n h l l . t islso popu to nch to th d k



Y r Chess Q estio s A s ered

quared b hop which may upporan e entua e5 Our i u trati e

game ee the e der of the famouPo gar i ter trio defeating a eadinggrandma ter with the Co e

Zsusza P l ar White:e n d Yudasin B ac

Co e Sys em d4 f6 2 e6 e c5 4 d

c6 5 d5 6 b d6 7 b2 a c7 9 c4 cxd4 exd4 e5

White wa ready to fo ow upwi h bd2 e and e5 w the ce ent pro pec o B ack doehi be t to mi th ng up dxe5 xe5 2 xe5 xe5 xe5 xe5 4 d2 4 5 ed6 6 c2 ac 7 h h5 f5 c7 9 d d 2 d4 b62 e5 e7 22 f4 c7 2 aexe5 24 fxe5 dxc4 25 exf6!

Oop , that tactic mu t ha e beeno er ooked by B ack who wou d

ha e a umed that hi opponentmu t mo e her queen Howe er25 d4 o e in tant y to theundefended back rank with 2 emate he re t i e ati e y ea y Iam e pecia y drawn o thi e amp eof the Co e a imp e de e opmentand ogica p ece p acement madee erything ow mooth y omWhite point of iew25 xf6 26 xf6 c 27 e4 c22 h6 6 29 f6 h e

And now, a promi ed, oney tem for B ack.

he Doub e F anchetto" y tema ow you to carry out a fami aret up again t any mo e order romWhite

For e amp e d4 b6 2 e4 b7 c 6 4

7 5 d e6 6 f4 d6 7 d7 e e7

B ack i o id and i ready to reactto anything White may conjure upB ack may a o con ider . c5 whenhe y de e oped to i en up thepo tion



hat are the m re c mm nenin s?

n p opl av x aus d 4 o b gun playing ou am n sy no mally b om ung y fol dg of al a iv op ningsy may fa o is o xp im n

i ms v s Ho v , i ism ly dif u o pi k up a book

d xp o und s and andmb mov s and f

is invaluabl o av somlana ions of d as alongsid

t is o going oug som f mo ll k o n op nings and

f n s a a popula a lubl Fi s s all xamin somn s o 4rench Defencee4 e6

Bla k mak s su a is noing o fall foul any ing n -squa as an app n in 4 5p nings n a bis op plan s i s lfn 4, ing a . N w i isin l ss W i on inuing 4 as

.d5 gains im and allo s Bla k ao old in n wi mpo.

Ho v , you would b su p s d a

o many b ginn s will play usa

pe 89

always advis pupils o ak n i o pa ns if p mi t d

and fo d4 is ommonply.2 d4 d5Bla k all ng s n and

al ady W i mus d id ow od f nd pa n.

a) e5

Classi d as AdvanF n ", W i op s o s up ana a k agains as l d kingposi ion i lp f m mo spaand a w ll posi ion d bis op on d3M anw i , Bla k s b s is op ssu iz n andsp i ally d4-pa n in o d ound in s ong poin on 5.

Play fo o n on inu salong lin s of 3 5 4 3 6 5 b6 and i is d ba abl

W i is now abl o play na u al 6 d3 sin 6 . xd4 xd4 xd4? 8 xd4 xd4 wins qu n wi 9 b5 bu 6 .d

a ns simply o win pawn ond4. Mo agg ssiv mind d play sa ind d p ly appy osa pa n in o d s u

an a a k and apid d v lopm n





lot o thi will mea oth gil you actually play out thei g but ome guideli e houldp

you co o t a mo e that ouot awa e i po ible the e a

ce that it dubiou Fomple 3 ce tai ly de e d thepaw but wou d you ow how

lo e po d?we o page 124

icilian Defence

e4 cS

e e Black take a claim i hee t e a d etai a exiblet uctu e that allow hi piece to bee eloped i a umbe o way Heo a oid a y t ck o ce

c4 ca be met by .e6 whichlu t the powe o the b hop

White mu t ow choo e whichtype o po itio to e te a the e i aa t di e e ce betwee Clo ed a dOpe S c ia

a 2 c c6 6 4 27 5 d d6 6 f4

pe gs 91

typical mo e o de o theClo ed Sicilia whe e Wh te makeo paw b eak i the ce t e a dge e ally play o a ki g ide attackaided by a -paw ad a ce a e allhi piece a e de eloped

b2 d6 d4 cxd4 4 xd4

The e a e heap o o - hootom the Ope Sicilia but t ie at ely ea y to ake up a Blacka you ju t ha e to choo e o e othe ma y et-up Do t be put oby a l the a at o uch a theNajdo S e h iko Ka D agoTaima o Sche e i ge etc athey o ly e e to the di e e tope g mo e

The D ago i pe hap the mo twe l k ow o a l a d cha acte ed by the ol ow gmo e :



9 Your hess Questions Answered

1 e4 5 2 d6 d4 xd4 4xd4 f6 5 6 6 e 7

whe here e red lysh rp k g poss l es er 7 d2 6 9 4 wh h sre e ed o s he Yugos v k .

he N jdor s o e hel me gh s o e o K sp rov swe po s d here ore you m yw sh o e ome m l r w h heope g moves o1 e4 5 2 d6 d4 xd4 4 xd4 f6 5 a6

o he u r ed eye, 5 6 w llm ke o se se u Bl k m yw sh o e p d o he quee s de(pl e shop o d he ruup he -p w o h ss he k gho 3 wh h s usy de e d g hee p w ) d 5 . 6 se es opreve y oy g 5+.

) 2

h he 2 3 h ew shes o ollow up w h 3 d d

er 3 d re p ure o d w hhe p w d h ve wo elypos ed p w s he e re Th srespo se e r her o -pu gor se so ed l pl yer who sooked up o h s pe Dr gov r o , o ly o d h e here sook g or s e d sol d ope g

pos o .2 .6 3 e5 d5 d d 5 e6 6 d or 2 .. d5 3 e d5d5 d re he two sh eso u o s h preve h ese ur g p w s d d e ,ever heless, h e h s e sy

developme d e r l o ro .Me wh le, 2 . . e6 3 d d5 e5 s

r spos o o he Adv edFre h wh h h s re dy eed s ussed.

d)2 d4 xd4 dx 4 x

I s wor h me o g hem h-Morr G m here s h es h ppy o shed p w o or p d developme . s pro lyu sou d he h ghes level ue remely d gerous o e dhere ore pl yers o e op o opou w h 3 . .6 e5 d5 wh h

u l y r sposes o l e omhe 2 3 l ove.



ar -Kann D f nc

4 c6

e e Black p ans to c allenge t ent e wit 2 d5 w i e not s utting

is lig t squa ed bis op as in t eenc Defence2 d4 d5Again we eac so e c oss oads

a c dx 4 4 x 4

w en Black now often de elopwit . f5 5 g3 g6, known ast e C assical a iation o adoptsa o s pet ne of t e solid d7 5 gf6 to c ase t ecent al w ite knig t away

b

penings 93

T e Ad ance a iation gets itstitle fo ob ious easons as W tegoes fo o e space and as in t eAd ance a iation of t e F encBlack s counte play lies on t equeenside. T e key di e ences toeac ot e a e t at B ack s lig t

squa ed bis op is able to ente t ega e ect y, but Black w ll a eto waste a te po wit c5 since t epawn st went to c6

c xd5 cxd5 4 d c6 5 c

T e exc ange a ation, wit alate c3 at e t an c , is t e onet at beginne s tend to play autoatica ly if t ey a en t seen t e

Ca o Kann befo e. A pupi of inead a nasty expe ience ecently asBlack a e g 5 c3 e6 6a c6 7 e5 w en e e y ingwas anging. T e efo e Black



94 Yo r Chess Q estio s A swered

sho co si e 4 c6 5 c g66 g the thi k bout

whe e to p ce his light squ ebishop

) exd5 cxd5 4 c4

The P ov-Botvi k A t ck seesWhite w li g to s le himself with

I Q P exch ge fo hei iti t ve t ck g possib t eswhile the key fo Bl ck is to h go to co o of the ce t l 5-squ e

typic l co ti u tio s4 f6 5 c e6 6 e xc4 8 xc4 whe B ck ee ot

wo y bo t shut i g i the bishopt c8 si ce t c evelop vi theb -squ e l te

Alekhine Defence

e4 f6

Although e ti ely u s l thisp ovoc tive efe ce h s stoo the

test of time. Bl ck e cou ges hisoppo e t to push fo i thece t e i he hope to u e i e thev ce p w s l e2 e5 5 4 6 4 c4 b6 5 f4

bo s s fo mi ble p w st uc u ebu the q estio is f it is st ble oo Pl ye s e s spicious bo t thevi bil ty of Wh te s st tegy fothis e so , most p efe the mo ese te optio of 4

Pirc dern Defence1 e4 d6 2 d4 6

I lump these two ope i gs togethe s they o e t spose He eBl ck w shes to opt exiblese -up o m l y with 6 g6 f6g 0-0 the pl ys fo c5e5 o eve .. 5. White lso h s

umbe of optio s, but the Cl ssic lwith 1 e4 6 2 4 f6 c g6 4 g 5 e2 (this m y look o ,bu is esig e to t ke the sti g outof . g4 yw y 5 c4 llows5 .xe4 6 x 4 5) 5 .. 0 0 6 0 0 is se s ble w y to e ct.Fo those of yo seek g mo e

gg ess ve pp o ch the A stA t ck wi h 4 f4 g 5 willp ob bly be jus he icket



candinavian/Centre C unter

e4 d5

2 exd5 xd5e are a l ta ht not to brin o r

een o t too early b t t s not so

e r that hite can se thisc larly to his a vanta e here. c a5 4 d4 f6his s all very no al b t it is

rprisin that na ral eve opinoves can lea Wh te nowhere.lac is extreme y soli an sho le e ber that he mi ht nee to

play ..c6 to r n bac with his queena later ate

efences t d4

ueen s ambit

d4 d5 2 c4

pe gs 95

Whi e the Q een s Gambit isWhite s choice of openin Blac

m st now ec e whether to acceptthe amb t with 2 . xc4 or ec nethe pawn with 2 . e6

he reason h te is happy to iveaway the pawn s to aranteehimsel a stron cent e an it s a soa safe bet that he w ll re a n thepawn

For example, the bac bone of thel ne r ns 2 .xc4 3 e4 an f Blacattempts to han on to the pawnwith 3 . .b5?, hite has 4 a4 c6note that 4 . .a6? al ows 5 axb5axb5?? 6 xa8) 5 axb5 cxb5 6 b3cxb3 xb5 8 xb3 with ana vanta e e to s per orevelopment2 .e6 the Q een s Ga b tDecl ne s a safer option as Blac

see s to ma ntain a pawn in thecentre For this reason 2 f6 is notfavo re e to the continuation 3cx 5 x 5 4 e4 etc.

Nimz ueen s andB - ndian Defences

d4 f6Also a lo ical response as Blac

prevents h s opponen follow n pw h 2 e4 an wo pawns n t ecentre

2 c4 e6





Du ch efence

1 d4 f5

he Dutch is not ega ded as aol d weapon but athe as aghting and a bitiousounte a tack ng syste .Black is p epa ed o saddlehi sel w th pe anent weaknesseso the kingside The in ention is tolaunch a dange ous at ack la e .

penings 97

2 e4 (The Staun on Ga bi and 2g5 a e bo h li e y ways o hi e

o eet he Dutch a hough theain ne has established i sel as 2g3 6 3 g2 a e wh ch B ackhas the choice o The S onewa l"w th 3 .. e6 and hen . d5 o theLening ad with 3 g6 and .g7.

Re e be that these set ups ha eaken yea s o take shape and asu e that nea ly e e thingwo thwh le n the ea ly stages o achess ga e has een disco e ed.Howe e I a a a ed by howany asp ng pup s in he schoolchess tea s atte pt to ake upthei own openings It is not c ea ihey a e t ying to a oid doing anybook wo k o i hey hope top oduce the disco e o the decade.An eno ous a ount o i e andg e especially o the teachewou d be sa ed by looking up anopen ng st.



11 Computers

D I need a c mpu er?

Qui e f ankly, no. Howe e , inhis age of com u e s i is easy oelie e ha you can' kee u

wi hou oneI would a so answe ha you

don need a cu o enjoy a d ink ofwa e , u ha ex a ex ense fo amug o glass does make fe easie

I emem e eing asked o oua com u e in he ea ly days ofmanufac u e I was an e ec on cone whe e you had o ush hes ua e you we e mo ng f om andhen ush he s ua e whe e heiece landed The gh s and ee ing

no ses we e an added i a ion and Iemem e ha few games we en shed as I always managed os oil he game y leaning on an

ele an s ua e and ligh ng u hewhole oa d o u oselydes oy ng he game when Ilunde edThe ma n fac o in laying agains

com u e s is ha he e e onesdon make ac cal o e s gh s andhe efo e you ha e o use a sl gh yd ffe en a oach han if you a elaying a human

H w can a chess c mputer helpy u?

Fo hose laye s who wish oeach he h ghes le e s in he

sho es me oss le and who a efo una e in ha ng he me o o h

s udy nd lay chess on a dai yas s, a chess laying og am wile a eless o onen e ng mo ehan willing o lay you fo as longas you des e; whe he s fo a halfhou game o fo e gh hou s a dayAl hough i is a e uen y madecommen ha he e is no su s u e

fo laying human o onen s, he ea e a num e of ad an ages nlaying com u e s

. Humans of g ea e s eng hmay e eluc an o lay you on aegula asis as al hough i may e ag ea chal enge and e y ins uc efo you o lay hem, hey a eunlike y o feel he same way.

2 One use l u ose ha hecom u e can se e is o ac a nyou wi h many d ffe en o enings asnowadays he e e o e s ex ensi e and a ie . Fo exam e, youcan ge machines and og ammeswhe e you can selec he s yle oflay and each will eac diffe en lyo you o ening mo es This is a fac y f om when was young andhe e was a endency fo hem ofollow exac ly he same game

3. s oss e o se u osi onsf om ooks, news a e s o youown games and e he lay heos on ou you self o ge he

com u e o analyse he os on foyou.



What are the L m tat ns?

A of yet no machine ha anynde tan ng of the p ychology ofche .

A compute i not capable ofdgement eithe an ba e itdeci on on calcula ion. It coe e a e whethe a ac i ce io ec in etu fo long te me u ehe p oblem can be highlightedby the following po ition

A human can quickly pot that theo tion i d awn de pite he factthat White i two ook ahea . Along a Black i no empted ocap e he ook on a4, the whi ep ece wi l ne e be ab e ton lt ate.Howe e , a compute i mo e han

ikely to p ay .b a4, e ing nan e entua o

What sh uld take nt acc untwhen se ectin a chess c mputer?

When choo ing a che comp te ,o en the main con ain p ce,and the q e tion How much o Inee to pend? o en a i e he

main facto in eci ing how much nece a y to pen i the ength of

omputers 99

the p aye I i gene al y accep eha o mp o e i i u e to play

opponent hat a e t onge thanone elf, o to thi en you houldlook o pu cha e a machine t ongethan yo elf. How m ch ongethan yo e f epend on who thecomp te i fo whethe he u e an up and coming junio oomeone who i eti ing and keen toenew thei inte e t in che .Although they may be of im a

eng h, he fo me ' g ade maydouble in e yea , whe ea in thelatte ca e thi i unlike y

Where can purchase a chessc mputer?

Coun ywi e a e he main B ti ht b to fo a pa o , Mephi toan No ag che compute . heyha e a a ge Show oom at thep emi e n W b ton, England Allof the ecommen ed model a wella many o he , and al type ofche p aying, tuto ial an databa e

o wa e, a e a ai able. V ito a ea way welcome, an he e p entyof f ee pa k ng pace. hey al opecia e n Mail O e pu cha efo tho e unable to i , and canpp y he p f ee Ca alogue anac Shee of a l of he ma nmodel

the info mation can beobtained om

Co nt wi e Compu eVicto ia Hou e H gh St eet

Wi b tonCambCB6

te 01 5 740 2fa 01 5 74 4 9



1 Yo r hess Q es ons Ans ered

If a mac e advert ses itse f as ace ta p ayi g st e gt , does it

a ways p ay to t at sta dard?No, t e gradi g eprese ts t e

BEST eve t at t e mac e caattai o o e of its to ame teve s o a y movi g at a ou d a

move a mi ute.

W uld it be a waste f m neybuyin ne f the best machineswhen the pers n it is intended f ris n t very str n ?

No, ese days t e mac i esi variab y ave a begi er ofpract ce eve at w ic t ey wide iberate y p ay be ow t e r topstre gt , dow to aro d BCF grade40 50 or E o 800 000

So if you a ticipate fastimproveme t, t may we bewort w i e opti g for a stro germode from t e word go

t is poss e o buy c eaper (a dt erefore wea er mode s a

t ose sted ere. However do otbe eve t at rea y we mode sbe ow BCF 50/E o 000 at t eirbest, wit itt e or o c essow edge a d usi g s mp e b te

force searc tec iques ca actua yteac users ow to p ay good c ess.

t is a so poss b e to buy mode sp ayi g up to BCF 212/E o 2300t ese owever ca ot a ways beu ed dow " to p ay at eve s very

muc wea ervariab y mode s ca give good

move i ts to t e use , a d a owmoves to be ta e bac to et t euser experime a d ea from t eirm sta es

What are the di erent types fP rtable chess c mputers?

T ere are ve mai types ofpo tab e computer

i P ug-i press se so boa ds.He e t e pieces t i to a o e i

t e sq are tted w t a se so todetect t e move. T ere is a systemof ig ts to i d cate t e rep y T is

s a itt e dd y a d ot rea ysu tab e for you g c d e bua dy to p ay w i e trave g o atrai or p a e si ce t e pieces aresecure a d t e board specia ydesig ed sma .

ii Press se so at boards.T is system s most suited to

tab e top comp ters a d you get aea fee i g of p ayi g a reaoppo e t as t e s ze of t e boa d isa sta dard size A sma amou t ofpressure o t e square is e oug tosig a t e move to t e computer a dt e t e computer's rep y, a t ougit is a de icate procedure

iii ag et sed press se soryT is is w ere mag etized pieces s to t e boa d a d co vey t e moveto t e mac es.

T is is a dy for a trave size setfor stabi ity of pieces, b t ot e wisevery simi ar to t e ot er pressse so devices. Agai , ig ts o t eco ers of t e squares i dicate t ecomp ter s rep y.

iv Auto se so boards.He e e board wi detect t e

piece automatica y so t e p ayerso y job is to move to t e co ectsquare Agai , for use o atab e-top, easy to use but obvious y



uxu y comp e to t e a tetive an e ecte in the p ce

he woo en uto en o y et c ncome in beauti woo with fe teo b e , m king a how piece

we fo mi b e opponent

v) LCD Liqui C y ta Di p ayhi e ie on a iffe ent y tem

w ic e ate t e move p aye ingeb ic not tion on a vi ua

i p y an the move h ve to beente e u ing the key

A o efe e to po b ec cu to when the e i ep tebo an piece

RECOMME DED BES BU S( i te in inc ea ing t engt )

B S itek p o uct e avai ab et o m ey n Se f gein Lon on o t oug Che nB i ge

C e n B i ge369 Eu ton Ro

Lon on 1 3ARte 0171 388 2404f x: 0171 388 2407

Sa ek E ec ro c Che Ma£19 99 (fo beginne m x. BCF40/E o 820).

An i e beginne p o uct t ve y e on b e p ice he C eM n i p ug n en o y n i bothatuto an n opponent e igne tote c yo how to p ay an t enc enge you

t i u e if you ve bmemo of how t e piece moven i a convenient y weakopponent on it weake t eve .

Comp er 1 1

oweve on it 64th n topp ying eve it wi give ecent

g me n p epa e you fo mo ech enging competitionC e M n i m fo t ave ing

n o a u e ack foto ing c ptu e piece t e ui e 2x A b tte ie

he Novag opa at £19 99 anBCF 1 00/ELO 1400 a o comehigh y ecommen e fo beginne ,though h ve not t ie out

mo e my e

Sa ek Por a e a k g Coach£49 (m x BCF 00/E o 1400)

e next tep up in t e p ceange n bi ity eve . Ag in it ip ug-in en o n c ie ye igne fo beginne . e e i voice coach th t w of att ckepiece n even p i e a goomove (Don t u e thi on pub ict n po t ) he top eve of BCF100 ugge t it wou win novice

tou ment o b u ecompetito in mino event inot e wo the be t p aye t nve age choo o a ea on b e c ubp aye .

Ka parov B e £49 max BCF105/E o 1440).

Po t b e p ug-in en o with i e of 9 x6 ove n p y e

of 4 5 x4 5t ta k te che n t ave A

goo ize n wit fo ing iWit e ative y m openingib , it i i ea fo beginne w oe ui e voice coac n he poption .Run off b tte e on y



10 Yo r Chess Q es ons Answered

No ag pa P s £50 (max BCF1 10/Elo 1480).

o table mag etise p ess se sowith a si e of

10.5 x12 ove all a a playi ga ea of 5 x5 with sta p pieces

he ope i g epe toi e isexte sive with 8 500 iffe e t li es(k ow as Ope i g Book ) a itcomes with a teachi g mo e. t casolve mates p to 8 a s off themai s o batte .

No ag Aq ama ne P em e £49(max. BCF 120/Elo 1560).

I the same p ice a ge is thispop la pl g i se so y mo el omHo g Ko g t omits ma y of thet to ial facilities b t i stea plays toa highe level a the efo e is mo es ite to cl b a to ame tplaye s he top level boasts a g a eof 1560 (BCF 20) f yo o tmi the off beat title it is a so

vestme t

No ag Aga e P £69 (max BCF135/E o 1680).

A att active a e cie tmachi e ess se so y with a8 x8 playi g a ea. 8 500 Ope i gBook It has the pop la teachi gmo e facility a solves mates p to8 moves eep. The moves a eisplaye a the machi e s offthe ma s a take ba te ies

Ka pa o Che Academy £149(max BCF 60/E o 1880)

A goo size at 15 x 0 ove all,with a 8 x8 p ess se so y playi g

a ea. Always a st o g oppo e t with00 levels of play, 6,000 Ope i g

Book a m lti i fo matio isplayLUS 100 i te active voicecomme ta y lesso s i co po ati gma y eachi g opics i cl i gthe R les Ope i gs acticsE games aw s ct e Mati gmetho s Famo s chess games amo e Mai s o ba te y

Sa ek ec e £99 (max BCF170/E o 1960)

his is o e of the best b ys foe £100 he 64 levels of the

p ess se so y table top comp te a ee o gh to keep a ambitio s playeb sy fo ma y yea s a the topst e gth wo l e s e most co typlaye s a ece t oppo e t

he Exec tive has a la ge isplaywhich ca be set p to show ava iety of i fo matio , i cl i gtime take , a eval atio of thepos t o a he moves bei gco si e e by the comp te

he ope i gs a e va e a thechoice of play g s yles ai te esti g bo s. t wo ks offbatte ies o mai s o a eat compactboa .

Sa ek P es den £299 (max.BCF 170/E o 1960).

A simila st e gth to theExec tive mo el, the esi e t isset i a ha c afte woo e boawith a a t se so y playi g a eaa matchi g oo e felte piecesA show piece i its ow ight b talso a ext emely ve satile apowe l oppo e t with its m ltiplelevels a co y sta a st e gth.



Kasparo Cosmos £99 (max BC80 lo 2040 a ge)

A ty i po a e pl g- e o yi a good i e at 9 x7 ove al a d a4 x4 play g a ea

A a y i eval atio d play,000 Ope g Boo R off

atte e o ly.f it a t o g mac e t at yo

a e a e fo de £ 00, yo ca otgo w o g e e

Kasparo Co gar £ 29 (maxBC 180 o 2040)

A imila t e gt to t e Ka pa ovCo mo , t e Co ga diffe wit itp e e o y oa d a d la ge i eof 6 x wit a 8 x8 playi ga ea. e powe f l 2K p og amc eate a t o g mac i e wit level a d coac g. e e i al oa a aly i a d eval atio di playa well a o di g a ,000 Ope i gBoo .

R off mai o atte y

No ag Sapph re £249 99 (maxBC 2 0 LO 2280)

f yo a e oo i g fo a p ee o y a d t o ge t po i e

po ta e c e comp te t i foyo e Sapp i e a a 2MRi type mic o p oce o a d aexcel e t ati g w ic i ot fa offtop oa d of a co y team

A y egi e wi of co e otta d a c a ce aga t c amac e, t t a exce le t wayto ea a yo ca pe d a yamo t of time o yo move

Alte ative y, e it fo ett g po ig al po it o o p le ot yi g o t ew ope g

Comp ters 103

What ab u r rammes f rP s?

f yo ave a P C t e t e e iot of c oice w t excelle t playi g

p og amme fo al evel . e e a eal o data a e c a C e a ea d C e A ta t t at a lowyo to ave al yo game (o j tyo w f yo li e ) a d comewit a pac age of a o t a a e ofa mil o top cla game w ic cae catego i ed i to ope g oexample, if yo ad a game t atta ted e4 e6 2 d4 d c 44 a a d yo did ot po e ae cyclopeadia to loo it p yoco d e te t e move o c e a ea d p e compa e w ic wo ldcome p w t a l t e game t at al oa ved at t e ide tical po it o

A additio al p og am e calledit wo a o g ide t e

C e a e a d ca a aly e yogame o ca p ay a y peed ofc e game agai t yo

Are there any ti s f r beatin ac m uter?

m glad yo a ed t i e tioeca e wi ad ow t ea we tead of alway e g top ay agai t comp te ito ame t w e t wa a ed t e pa t o a e t y fo m.

pe t a fa ci at g a e oowatc i g Pa l Lamfo d a Welte atio a , a ilate it

P evio ly ad o y ee va otit ed p aye c g t e t e gt oft e p og amme e pecia y at mi te c e w e e adi co ect y ea d t at t eve lo to t me e e we e wo t eatme tt at Pa l ad to e fo it



1 4 Your Chess Quest o s A swered

One was to p ay a ota lytact c f ee game whe e poo old

F tz had no calcu at ons to get h sm c och ps nto and the othe was tose up he famous G ee Gsac ce as F tz seems unable toeal se when ma e s loom ng on heho zon.

Of co se Pau had p epa ed" thegames befo e but t s wo hemembe ng the techn ques (oeven the exac moves f you w sh toshow off aga nst F tz to youf ends fo handl ng a computeand Kaspa ov could p ck up a fewt c s he e. Somet mes t pays toplay qu etly

he follow ng examples all ookplace w th 5 m nu es each on hecloc .

Fr tz 4 Wh tePaul amf rd B ackBogo d a Defe e

1 d4 f6 2 c4 e6 b4d2 e7 5 6 2 c6 7 a

xd2 bxd2 d6

h s s called the Bogo- nd an ands ext emely pos t onal as Black stexchanges h s da k squa ed b shopand then see s to p ace h s pawns onda k sq a es to l l the potent al of

h s ema g b shop h s deepopen ng does not su tact c ans as

s mo e o do w th seek ng out heght squa es fo one's p eces a hethan develop ng ap d y w thagg ess ve poss b l t es.

9 h e5 1 d5 b 1 bd7 12 c5 1 e a5 14 b4a6 15 bxa5 c5 16 c e 17ad1 d7 1 b4 a7 9 bxb 2 xb ea 21 e1 c22 d2 xa5 2 a1 b6 24 b2d7 25 e a4 26 c f5 27b4 4a5

he pos t on s a d eam fo Blackhe c5-squa e s h s and Wh te sb shop s uncomfo tably est cteddue to the fact that the pawns on c4and d5 a e xed on squa es of thesame co ou A the bonus foB ack s tha the e s a lonely andvulne able pawn fo h m o p le upaga nst on a3

2 h4 6 29 x 6 hx 6 b5 a4 b d7 2 b44a5 b5 a4 4 a2 c5 5b4 4a5 6 1

he comp te s stumped as hedoesn' now what to do A h manwould neve adm t so pathet callythat t was at a loss fo an dea butw thout clea calcula ons F tz canonly wa t



36.• f6 37 e4 gS 38 .bS .a439 .b d8 40 .aa b8 41 .e a7 42 .e3 aS 43 c2 a6 44.c3 c8 45 d8 46 d2 f647 e3 48 .b ;e7 49 .b4.4aS S .bS .Sa7 51 ;h .h8

Al o ere Paul a ucceeded na n n a lot o t me and ome o ove are to cement advanta eon t e clock a we l a over t eoard52 .b .hS 53 .b4 gS 54 ea SS .e3 .ah8 56 .b2 h6 57g f6 58 be2 gS 59 .b2 .a8 60e h8 6 .be2 .aS 62 .c2a8 63 c3 a7 64 .c h 65

b .a8 66 .a .a4 67 a2 a68 f xc3 69 xc3 . aS 70e2 .a8 7 f .4aS

Not a reat deal a appenedbetween t and t la t d a ramowever t e e c an e o queenand B ack' l t quared b op or

opponen kn t a cut outany c ance o counte play omW te po n o v ew T e end n a n tmare or W te a e canon y t and wa t or Black ton ltrate on t e dark quare overw c e a no contro t ek nd o lon term ud ement t at at t e root o c e tec n q e ando et n t at ( ope) w ll alwayet u apart rom computer .

Comp ters 105

72 d3 b7 73 c2 .cS 74 .b2aS 75 .b4 .h8 76 g2 b7 77

.bS .a8 78 g .aS 79 a4 .a880 g2 .h8 81 .b4 .aS 82 .e3.ha8 83 cS 84 .a3 ; d7 85.a ;e8 86 ;e3 87 bS.Sa7 88 .b4 ;g6 89 ; e2 h 90.h .aa8 9 ; e3 .h6 92 h4 gxh493 gxh4 ah 94 b .xh4 95xh4 xh4 96 aS bxaSMo t o t len t y equence a

been u e u or Black to a n ama ve lead n t me

97 .xaS h2 98 d .b2 99.a7 .b7 00 .xb7 xb7 01 f4c 02 c2 h 103 d + h4104 fS gS 105 c2 g6 106 fxg6;xg6 07 ;e2 gS 108 h409 ; e3 ;g3 1 0 d d7 1c2 b6 1 2 d3 c8 3 c2e7 1 4 a4 g6 15 d7 f4116 fS g2 7 ; d3 ;f4 d7 h4

T e re t ea y a Black can mopup evera way n t e end twent to 72 move w c meant ey u ed an avera e o about 3econd a move and Fr tz wa downto 2 econd w en e waeventually mated. Pau commenteda er t e ame 72 move w t outa n le tact c "



106 Yo r Che Q e io A ered

ow for a more nteres ing way topu Fri z in h s place as bo h he

follow ng examples ma e use of hesacr ce on h7 o force mate Theproblem seems to be hat hecompu er can only see so manymoves ahea an when ma e ta esmore than that number o execute itcan n i self having entere aca astrophic variation.

On the con rary humans cansense anger a m le off an areunli ely o allow a le hal sacri cewhether or not we can calculate taccurate y to the en

However you must be verycare l when sacri cing against acomputer, for if there is a efenceyou can be your bottom ollar hatit will n itAll the games here too place inblitz con t ons an t is possiblethat Fri z woul come up wi h somebetter ca cu ations if given moreime, but the general themes ofcourse o not change

Paul Lamf r Whi eFr z 4 B ackFre ch Defe ce

e4 e6 2 4 5 3 :c3 b4 4 e5:e7 5 3 0-0 6 : c5

7 xh7+ xh7 8 :g5+ g6 9 h4xc3+ 0 bxc3 e8 g4 f5 2h5+ h6 13 :xe6+ h7 4 xg7#

0That is the Gree Gif sac i ce

for those who have not seen before. The point is that a er 8

g5 g8 h5 is oo strong

The nex game is a similar themeof inev table ma e ahea .

Pau Lamf r teFritz 4B ack

Fre ch Defe ce

e4 e6 2 4 5 3 :c3 b4 4 e5c5 5 xc5 c7 6 e7 7 3:ec6 8 0-0 xc3 9 bxc3 0-0 0e 8 :4 aSHere 11 .xe5? fails to 12 b5 xc5 13 xe5 winn ng.

2 g5 e8 3 f6

3 :e713.gxf6?? is the rst move thatFri z re ec e s nce 4 exf6 cannotbe sa isfactorily me e

a) 14 .. h8 5 h5 with ma e onh7.

b) 4 ... xc5? 15 g4 h8 16g #

4 xh7+ xh7 5 hS+ g86 e3! xa2



F t now ana ys s 16. g6 17h3 g 6 8 h7 19 6

d8 20 h8+ h8 21 h8# andso sta s o mat o on momo Aga n a st ang qu k thatonly a omput ould a outw th su h sat s a t on

17 xa2 g6 18 gxf6 19exf6 d8 2 7 21 8x 8 22 x 8# 1-

Kaspa o stat d that h ouldd t t wh n h was up aga nst aomput sol ly om th mo s tmad H th o d squal d ag oup o 4 omp t to s who wsha ng on boa d n a Londons mu tan ous n at 1997 anda us d th m o h at ng by ha nga ss to a ma h n L t s hop hwas o t o h s gu lty o bothsland and bad spo tsmansh pP haps t was all too soon a h sd at by D p Blu and h wasst ll s ng d.

now ha to wat h my qu st onsat s hool h ss lubs b aus wh n

nqu who s th wo ld h sshamp on t s d u t to pla nwhy D p Blu s not tho t answTh nal gam s ba k to th

Bogo- nd an and a t hn al to yas F t was unabl to s anough ah ad to al s that h s ook

was l k ly to b t app d a 23h4

Fri z 4 Wh ePaul amf rd B ackBogo d a Defe ce

1 d4 f6 2 c4 e6 b4 4d2 e7 5 g c6 6 g2 xd27 bxd2 8 - d6 9 c1 eS 1d5 b8

Comp ters 07

t an som t m s b atal to lost m by mo ng p s tw n thop n ng but h n th s blo k dpos t on t mp a not so mpo tantB a k s mo than happy to has u d ont ol o th 5 squa andto ha d h s oppon nt s pawnson th sam olou squa as h sma n ng b shop Wh t has t aspa but Bla k s pos t on s om o tab .

11 b4 aS 12 a4 b6 1 bS?bd7 14 cd1 c 15 c2 g6 16a 17 c a4 18 fe1 c8 19e fd7 2 e4 fS 21 xcS

xcS 22 d4 f6t s not w s to g ab th ooks n 22 . .d4? l a s h bla kqu n hang ng on 7

2 4?! d7 24 d1 ae8 256 g7 26 gS x 6 27 x 6e7 28 4 e8 29 ? g7



108 Yo r Chess Q es ions Answered

The e es the as ac nseq ence 6 m ves ea ie .

H weve this is n s m ch ac mp te e as I have nesimi a thin s myse

xh7+ xh7 1 g5+ g72 e4 an B ac w n in 7

m ves. 1





110 Yo r Chess Q estio s A s ered

Q 7) Wh te mates i three

ii) Helpmates

He pmates are an in eres ingalte a ive. Black moves rst anhe ps White e ive mate in ace ain numbe o moves n theo lowing case i is a helpmate in

Q 8) B ack he ps White mate him ise e mo es

he ne e amp e is helpma e inwo an he e a e wo so u ions.

Q 9) B ack to mo e a d hep Whitemate him i t o mo es

iii) Se ieshelpmates

Se ieshe pma es are no asigh ening as they soun This timeBlack makes a series o moves oeach a position where White canplay mate in one. I use o consi erthese as a was e o ime ( ain ybecause I co l n t solve them ) ashey appear o i er vio ently omthe basic rule o chess hat playe sake tu s o move.However spo ing check ates in

unusua situations is a n amen alkey to improvement an there o e think all these pu les can in acbene t one's chess overal



The e t is se ieshelpmate 0Do t o et that B ack m st make

te moves i a ow be o e Whitede ive s the mate

Q30) Ser e he pma e o he b a kk g e mo e

i al y the o lowi e amplewas used as a t oduct o to theBats o d Schoo s P ob em SolviChamp o ship.

Q31) Wh e o p a a d ma e o

mo e

As a clue the st move does otth eate checkmate but atheplaces B ack i zu zwa as mate

wil ollow each espo se

P e

A e uzzles bene c al?

Sha e up o e s tact cs is asu e way to imp ove. Ce a matipatte s a e epeated time a d timea ai but do t be p t o i yoca ot so ve a mate i th ee oe amp e because it is ecessa y tob ld up the amo t o moves aheadyou ca see

P zzles ca be eq al y stim latii they occ ed i a eal ame oa e simp y made p to il s ate apo t but o e volve a beauti lsac ce

o the be i e s sha l owcl de 6 mates i o e move

i c easi i d culty leadi upto mates th ee o the mo eadva ced p aye . Be o eha d et usust o ove the amo s Philido smate wh ch is always a oy to ca yo . The o low dia am isac ually mate i 5 moves but theo ci atu e o the moves makes itpossib e o a yo e to wo k out as itis check w th each white move

1 d51 3 leads to the same

h



Yo r Chess Q est o s A s ered

l. . 2 is mat Th a Q3 ) Wh te to ay a d mate ono al ativ va ia ions to ana ys

2 g83 h6This is no an obvious mov as w

a ta gh to ook o a pi c o g abwi h a discov d ch ck. Fo hisason many p op wou d op o 3d6 picking up th ook on 8.Ev n p ating th position ands tling o p tua ch ck with 3g5 wou d t mp som play s.A a l h is pot ntial back ankmat h a om Black in thispa ic a posi ion

ow v h k y o hissp c ac la mat is o cov thg8 squa as you wil soon s .

3 h8Again 3 . . giv s Whit animm diat mat .

4 g8+!! xg8Th ook has to captu l aving

h smoth d mat op n to Whit smaining pi c

ma e

Ma e in One

Unl ss i says oth wis Whitshal mov s in v y p l andmat in on mov Answ s on pag

Q33) te to ay a d mate o

Q34) Wh te to ay a d mate o



P es 113

Q35) te to p ay and mate n one Q38) te to p ay and mate n two

Q36) Wh te to p ay and mate n one Q39) Wh te to p ay and mate n two

Q37) Wh te to p ay and mate n one Q40) te to p ay and mate n two

Ma e in Twn th ollow ng po t on Wh t

mat n two mov



4 r Che Que io A wered

Q4 ) Wh e o p ay a d ma e wo

Q4 ) Whi e o p ay a d ma e i wo

Q43) B ack o p ay a d ma e i wo

Ma e n ThreeNow t e ob ecti to mateint ee

Q44) Wh e o p ay a d ma e hree

Q45) Whi e o p ay a d ma e ihree

Q46) B a k o p ay a d m e ihree



Q47) B ack o p ay a d ma e hree


es 115




13 General Information

H w che a a p e

udgi g y the amou t ofp ofe o al the e a e, it i po leto a ume that the e a lot ofmo ey to go ou d, ut the t uth iactually fa diffe e t.

A out 2 yea ago it wa e oughto e a te atio al ma te tomake a dece t liv g f om cheplayi g e cou d eceive fee itou ame t a d wi g p ze .Howeve , a po o hip d ied upa d mo e i te atio al ma tea ived o the ce e o ga zeecame o ly i te e tedg a dma te .

Soo a e a d the fa l of theo Cu ta aw a ma e odu of

g a dma te f om ea te Eu opewho we e willi g to play fo mallefee Nowaday o y GMco i te tly a ove 26 ca e pectto make a dece t ivi g at olelyche playi g.

Howeve o the plu ide the ea e ma y oppo tu tie fo theave age titled p aye e cauggle teachi g oth i chool a dp ivate y with w iti g ook a da ticle . Howeve , thi i littleco olat o to the p aye d aw tothe life of tou ame t a dt avelli g

Whe t appea ed o thei te atio a tou ame t ce e, wa uite hocked y the amou t of

ea te Eu opea ga g " who u edto wo k i compa y a d a a gegame du g a tou ame t i o deto ma imi e the amou t of p izemo ey they would wi etweethem hi wa thei u i e " uto e had to pity thei effo t a theym ght e o to leepi g i ca oa i g 5 to a oom to ave mo ey

whi e waiti g fo the cu toma yhotel to e p ovided y theo ga i e du i g the e ttou ame t

W h he am u b k a dhe u e c mpu e u ely allhe game che have beew ked u

hi a total mi co ceptiowh ch i ette ed at ought a dc o e o d aught

A G aham Bu ge tate hiMammo h Book of Che , he ea e fa mo e po i le game ofche tha the e a e pa ticle i thek ow u ive e, a d the um e ofpo i le che po itio althoughfa fewe i till a t o omica "S ce o e of hi f e d , D . Nu o e of the g eate t mathematiciaa d che p aye of a l time feele t eme y afe pa i g o thiuote.

may have a mme e l a ythat would o dou t aid i eati g99% of the che playi g



omm n y, b t w tho t aphotog aph memo y t s not m h

se ng a game.The top p aye s ommon y k owtheo y to bet een 20 an 30 moveseep b t somet mes th s s on y toa h eve eq al ty w th Bla k anhen they a e on the own In a l mytho san s of games, only abo t 5have been omplete epet t ons ofp ev o s games p aye the myopponent o myse f fe p ey to at ap that ha al ea y been p bl sheof wh h one of s ws bl ssf l ynawa e.The e a e so many s e- nes an

obs e open ngs that a e st l to beteste an many fo go ten movesthat an be g p to s p se theyo nge gene at on that we anneve know all the poss b t es nhess The nknown te to y of theomp te s s mo e wo ng b tthen aga n they only wo k f h mansa e the e to p g them n

Are here variati ns f chess f r

ight am sement?Let me sha e some of the most

pop a

) l k hess. Th s s when yoset p the p e es no mal y anWh e goes st. He ks one ofh s own men, ke nb teo ant es to ann h late the enemy p e esby sen ng them y ng The w nnes the one who kno ks thoppos t on ow st. ot to bet e n a ow e hess l b o athome.

) ame a P e e Th s s anente ta n ng e e se f one playe ss pe o to the othe he st onge

Ge era formatio 1 1 7

p aye w tes own se et y on ap e e of pape the name of a p e e

wh h he nten s to he kmate theopponent w th. He an then only bee la e the w nne f he s ee sn th s task. A he kmate w th aq een when b shop" s w ten onthe pape s obv o s y no goo

) S e hessTh s t me the w ne s th pe son

who oses al h s p e es an f yoan take someth ng yo m st fthe e s a ho e of wo o th eeapt es yo may hoose wh hp e e to take an n th s game thek ng s also apt e . It s sopop la amongst yo ng people thatopen ng seq en es have beeneve ope an t s the one t mewhen always lose to my p p ls

v) P og ess ve hess.h s game an pe haps even

bene t beg nne s ( n ke the est )as t s vag e y s m la to eal hess.Th s t me the playe s have one

move ea h an then wo moves ea han so on Che k en s a seq en eso f yo a e on 4 moves an g ve ahe k on move 2 yo fo fe t theght to yo ema n ng two moves

The pe son to st el vehe kmate w ns he gameA te at vely, Wh te an

ommen e the game by mov ngon e, then Bla k has o movesWh te has th ee an so on Aga n,he k w l en a seq en e.

v) hange hess Th s s a teamgame wh h an be p aye w thmany people b t s eas e to e p a nas wo g o ps of t o Yo s t ne tto yo pa tne , who has a ffe ento o to yo an oppos te yo



1 18 Yo r Chess Q es o s A swered

oppon nt h n a pi isap u d on ou boa d t is pass d

along to h pa n s and th w lgi ou an o th i s. ou aallow d to p a this t a mat alon ou boa d, but th ul sno mal d sallow ou to put th mon with h kmat . It s annt sting but mu h moagg ssi sion i th p s aallow d to om on th boa d gi ngh k, but ob ous h ul s hato b s ablish d b o th battlb gins

Th am w ns who s d i sh kma on on o th boa ds

Wh t is P st l Chess?

A hough ha n goin ol d n posta h ss i op ns awhol n w a a to man pla sh a s pa a titl s and a ingsin th s d and I ha h a d tha iis unusua to l n both o thboa d and postal h ss

Th d a s to sp nd a oupl o

da s pl ng to a h mo anda ss o books is p mit d whi ho n l ads to obs u and ta ti ala iations b ing t i d I ha no d awh th omput s a in u n ingth postal h ss s n , but ht mptat on o a w ak pla to plugn th boa d must b di ult tosistAs ou an magin , tou am nts

tak a s ath than da s toompl t , but ndl posta gam san b an int st ng wa o k p ngin tou h with a h ss p a ing nd

Th a also som st angsto i s: I h a d that on manmanag d not to ha to bu a n wstamp o a a sin h onstantladd ss d th n lop o his

pl . E ntua l h s oppon ntomp a n d and said ha h shou d

sha in th osts as it s th windown lop hat should b -us d andnot th stamp!

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1 0 Your Chess Ques o s A s ered

ve ne ye w s the Armeni nTigr n Pet os n who n lly

disposed o Bo v nnik or good n963 Bo s p ssky w s ipped sthe enth world h mpion but edto deliver g inst Pet osi n unt1969 p ssky w s popul r gureto he d the hess wo ld ndreg ded s n ompl shed pl ye ,but his p ssion or ennis nd l ko devotion o hess should h vebeen sign o things o omeBy now there we e kno k outtou men s to determine whoshould h llenge he WorldCh mpion nd p ssky w s set to

e the rst post w r wes eh llenge This me rom the

Ameri n Bobby Fis her inReykj vik in 972. I the Russi nsminded th t the m h w s outsideMos ow nd he pr e money w sridi u ously more th n wh t heywe e used to supplying i w snothing omp red to the outr geth t mus h ve been el s Fis herrushed p ssk

Despi e Fis her de ulting h llenge m h in 1975 g insK pov in e tion l interest inhess grew to re ord propo tions

Now d ys I el nd h s the gre tesnumber o gr ndm s ers per pitth nks to the ntr gue o thein mous m t h n ts p t ty

K pov held his title until 1985when w s ime or 22 ye r oldG rry K sp rov to ome s ormingonto the s ene s the youngest t tleholder He is st ll the p esen d yh mp on nd highest r ed pl yer,despite pol ti l s r pes with heworld body o hess who nom n llystripped him o h s t tle ew ye rsgo

h are he b g names n hescene day

It n be on sing when r v ngon he hess s ene to know who swho nd rus r ting to he r n mesth t me n nothing I will t y to llyou in on some o the st ongestp ye s in he wo ld tod y ndh r ters th hold lo oin uen e

G K sp rov the Worldh mp on, s u ent y ted 2825nd t only 35 ye rs o ge heould h ve enough energy to rem int the he gh s o t le s notherde de His dis tions n ludebeing outspoken in politi s nd nv d spor sm nDespi e the t th he tookRussi n n tion lity it is l rgely

believed th t the Russi n hesseder on w s never 00% behindhe World Ch mpion due to his

Jewish roots nd bi thpl e B ku(A e b idj n)

In his e ellen u obiogr phy

Ch d of Cha ge K sp rov s r nkbout he w y he w s re tedun irly by the u horit es It w sthere ore h rdly su r sing in 1993when K sp ov nd othe pl yerso ed bre k w y group romF DE (Feder tion Inte tion le desE he s) lled the PCA(Pro ession l Chess Asso i tion)K sp rov h d never orgivenC mpom nes the he d o FIDE orprem urely ending the WorldCh mp onship m t h be weenhimsel nd K pov in 1985.K ov w s su ering rome h ustion nd the rules wereonvenien y h nged n order ogive him h n e to e overK sp rov le rly believed he



ussian ede ation andCampomanes to be wo king

toge he against him and at the timethe whole incident was sh o ded inysteAs we know Kaspa ov even ua ly

on the encounte but no ntia e a lo of bitte acc sations and aesched ling of the match

he battle be ween ID and heCA was e ce with both g o psc aiming to have the autho i y toc own a Wo ld Champion

F D and the PCA. have nowcome togethe to amalgamate theiagendas of sepa ate wo ldchampionships tha c eated chaoso some time ID s ubbo lyanno nced Ka pov as Wo ldChampion in eb ua y 1998altho gh no-one in the chess wo ldtook the news se io sly.

It could only be good news thatCampomanes was concluding histe m of o ce m 1995 butunfo tunate y the ne P esidentho took ove is st as

cont ove siaKi san I yumzhinov is no onlyP esident of ID but also P esidentof Kalmykia a emote R ssianRepub ic hidden awaym theussian Steppes The ChessO ympiads which take p ace eve ywo yea s was held the e a the endof 998 in the capital lis a butthe e was a lot of dissent and cal so co n ies to boyco t the eventhe claims a e that Ki san byobbing his impove ished ci izens ofthei ight l wealth has muchmoney to th ow a o nd It is t uethat he has a eady cont ibuted a lotof p ize money to chesstou aments In mid 1998 umo stha Ki san was no mo e than a

Genera nformation 1 1

vio ent dicta o we e el ed by them de of the edito of he

opposition newspapeThe unce ainty of the Olympicvillage that was still being b i twhile he compe ito s a ived didnot he p his ep ation oweveeven ually the even was s agedsuccess lly and it no doub aidedthe P esident s ambitions

Anatoly Ka pov he slightRussian and p evio s Wo ldChampion has slipped o s th in theJanua y 1998 ating ist while thebiggest challenge to Kaspa ov islikely o come f om the youthR ssian ladimi amnikcu ently anked second in thewo d

iswanathan Anand f om ndiaachieved fame in 1995 by beingKaspa ov s chal enge fo the Wo ldChampionship and at 28 has ane ce lent fut e as a popula andp actica playe Despite Anandclinching the st in a e 8 d awsin his tussle with Kaspa ov he

failed to sco e anothe victo y andwent down with a c editable 7-1sco e The fact that Anand is heonly playe in the top 14 who didnot o iginat f om aste u opeal eady ensu es him plenty ofsuppo among the chess playingpublic

is actually athe con sing toknow who o iginates f om whe ebecause since the fa l of the I onCu tain the e has been a masse odus of R ssians to the West

o e amp e Ga a Kamskyacqui ed U S citizenship andep esented Ame ica fo a few yea sb t then famo sly gave p chess athe height of his ca ee at no 7 in thewo ld to pu sue a medical ca ee



122 Yo r Chess Q es io s A s ered

Al o i t e top e Latvia AlexeiS irov took adva tage of t e

opportu ity to play u de t eSpa i ag a d ove o a war erli a e.T e o t fa ou a e wa w e

V or Kor oi defe ted toSwitzerla d i t e 19 0 Howev r,t e ge e gia t, A t u Yu upov ett e re e t t e d by e e gGe a atio a ity i t e early1990 , but t i wa ore otivatedby t e fa t t at e wa robbed a dot i t e to a at i at i

Mo ow, rat er t a i ply eeki ga ore pro perou life i we teEurope.

Alexa der Beliav ky, AlexY er oli ky a d Mik ail Gurevia e t ree e wel k owRu ia a e g o t e a i gi t w o are ow re id g i a drepre e ti g S ove ia A e i a a dBelgiu re pe tive y Ot ergra d a ter ive abroad, obtai aew pa port but till p ay for t eirou try ofbir

t be o i g ore a d oreu u ual for a a io al tea too i t of pure pa riot a d E gla di de ite y o e of t e o lyou trie we te Europe

(per ap be au e of tri ti igra io aw a d la k of igla e eve t ) at a boa t atrue E gli tea

Nigel S or a led t e way Briti e for a de ade but i owjoi ed by Mi ael Ada a dMa t ew Sad er i t e Wo ld' top30, w t Luke M S a e fol owi gi t ei foot ep wit a g a d a teror at t e te der age of 5.Wo e ' e ve d ffere t

w t o ly o e fe ale, t e you gHu garia J dit Po gar (re e tly

e ook rael itize p ), ra eda o g t t e Wor d top 100 e

fa t t e rio of Po gar i terevo u io ized t e e e e forwo e a t ey e erged o e ·at ati e eady to do bat le wit e ,w i wa vir ua ly u eard of juove a de ade ago Previou ly t etro ge t wo e te ded topar i ipate i fe ale o yto a e t a d t e eparate rati gli t wa eaded by t e GeorgiaWo e ' World C a pio MaiaC b rda idze

t wa t e olde i te Z u zaw o took t e title away froRu ia a d Georgia do i atioa d i t e u e t older odayde pite a e pora y eizi g be wee by e ta e ted C i e eplayer Xie u About a de ade ago,it wa felt at t e wo e ati gli t ad uffered de atio o paredto t e e ' li a d o e ow F DEwa per uaded to a a ga ate t ewo eparate li t , add 00 E opoi t to every wo e ex ept

Z u za Polgar w o lea ly playedagai t e , t u au i gC iburda idze to re-e e ge a oo t e ra i g li t Of ou e e era i g did o la t o g, bu wa aa oyi g exa ple of F DE bowi go pre ure fro i Sov et U iode egatio

Eve t e iddle i ter So a, w oever ru k e a bei g

parti u arly ob e ed wit e iwit e Hu garia i te i t e topte fe ale i t a d wit woC i e e a d two Georg a fea uredi t e top e , e bat e foupre a y de i ely betweeo e ree ou rie . Howeve i

t e Oly p ad o y o e d d alt ree i e o pete u de e



ungarian ag for he Women sold medals. Norma ly i is le o

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14 Answers

Ql N t e p wn c nn t m ve st e bis p w l be p ting t e ingint c ec

Q2) es, wit x6

Q3J 1

Q4) . . x

Q5) c ec m teQ6) N W ite c nn t c stle

ingsi e e t t e bis p c ve ingt e -sq e ( t is n t p ssible tc stle t g c ec n c nn tc stle q eens e e t t e n8

Q7) es, W ite c n c stle eit esi e

Q8) 1 wins t e q een

Q9) 1 xc8 xc8 2 e7+ nets

QIO) l 4

Qll) 1 c4. D n t get t t t eb c n 5 c nn t m ve

Q 12) 1 b + pic s p t e l se n c2

Q13) 1 5 tt c s w p eces

QI4) N 1 x + <e6 wins piece. b5 tt c s tw bis pssim lt ne s y

Ql6) 1 b7 pic s p t e n

Ql 7) . 1+ 2 b b winst e q een

QI8) 1 b5+.Ql9) 1 4

Q20) N xe4 is t g ee yn cc nt 2 e

Q21) 1 e5

Q22) 1 4!

Q23) 8 !! <x 8 2 g5+ 8 m te

Q24) 1 c6++ ( ble c ec

Q25) 1 x + <e 2 5 m teQ26) 1 5 ! ! n n w

i x 5 2 x m teii 1 x 2 e4 m tei <x 5 2 b5 m te

Q27) 1 b8 ! (t e e e ng 1 1 ll ws Bl c t esc pe wit

1 0 0 0 xb8 (t e te tive



126 Your Chess uestions Answered

... b 2 a b smate) 2 h 4 h mate

28) b2 2 f4 c f 44 f6 e f6 6 e g7 7g h = . A total o 7moves each have take place.

29) . 2 e e cmate o

... b4 2 e c e2 mate.

3 ) 1 a 2 a4 a 4 a2 a(p omote to a b shop) 6 4 7 b6

b7 9 a 10 a7 mate.

31) b7 a owi) . c b7 2 c mateii) b b7 2 h6 mateii ) .. 2 mateiv) . . c4 2 h7 matev) b2 2 h6 matevi) .. g6 2 mate.

32) mate.

33) h mate

34) g6 mate.

35) 1 h7 mate.

36) h mate.

3 ) g6 mate

38) 1 h g 2 h mate

39) 1 c6 b c6 2 a6 mate.

4 ) h7+ h7 2 hmate.

41) g + g 2 mate

42) h6+ h6 2 h mate43) . g ! 2 h g g

mate.

44) 1 h7+ h7 2 h7+ g6 mate

4 ) 1 a h7 2 hh g7 mate.46) . . f + 2 h1 h2+

h2 g mate.

4 ) . + 2 e g + e2 4 mate

48) 1 h6 h6 2 h6h6 h7 mate.

49) 1 e7+ h 2 h7+h7 h mate



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