Upload
lydieu
View
232
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
[ C H A T U R A R O D R I G O , R E S E A R C H E C O N O M I S T , I N S T I T U T E O F P O L I C Y S T U D I E S ( I P S ) A N D S E N A N I S O M A S E K E R A , D I R E C T O R
U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A U T H O R I T Y ]
E X P E R T G R O U P M E E T I N G I N T O N A T I O N A L U R B A N P O L I C I E SB A N G K O K , 1 7 - 1 8 M A R C H 2 0 1 5
Strengthening capacities of
[Sri Lanka]
to mainstream climate change concerns into national urban related policies
Country profile
Country name: Sri Lanka Land area in km2: 65,610 km2 Population number and growth (%)/year:
20,277,597, 0.8% annual change Population density per km2: 323/km2 Country GDP per capita in US$:$70.966 billion,
$3,385 per capita (nominal) , $142.719 billion, $7,046 (PPP), 7.3%
Geographical setting (climate): Tropical Urban population (%) and growth/year: 0.3%, level of
urbanization: 15.4% now, 18% by 2025 largest city: Colombo (by population: 752,993),
Batticaloa (by area: 75km2)
Climate change and urbanizationProblems
Projections/problems: Rise of CO2 and GHG Rise of atmospheric temperature Spatial and temporal variability in rainfall Hazardous events: droughts, floods, cyclones, landslides Sea level rise and salt water intrusions
Impact areas: coastal resources, foods security, health, water, human settlements, bio-diversity, tourism development, export development, energy transportation and infrastructure.
Hazards: floods, droughts, cyclones, landslides, heat waves
Vulnerabilities: Economic impacts, Housing, social poor, public/private infrastructures (including industries), ecosystems (bio diversity)
71.5
16
1.1
3.8
0.3
0.9
2.9
2.1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Single house-single storeyed
Single house-two stroreyed
Single house- more than twostoreys
Attached houses/annes
Flat
Condominium/Luxuryapartments
Row houses/ line rooms
Hut/Shanty
Percentages
Hou
sing
type
s
EstateRuralUranNational
Important problems related rapid urbanization
Economic infrastructures: Industries, roads, public buildings, ports, airports, railways
Housing: Shanty houses, relocation for construction, new housing schemes to attract residencies (at what price??)
Multidimensional Poverty and inequality: education, health, employment, labour force participation rates
Space/land: land acquisition and displacements (land titles, compensations), land reclamation
Environment: Bio-diversity, damage to ecosystems, PES, EGSs.
Cost of disaster relief: during hazardous events
Policy barriers Most important policy areas: Food security Sustainable water Human settlements Health Tourism development Export development Bio-diversity Coastal resources Energy industries and infrastructure Urban development and disaster management
Policy opportunities
Policy level Climate change policy: adaptation and mitigation Climate change strategy on adaptation National adaptation action plan Currently on going Considers all the impact areas
Technology needs assessment for mitigation
Implementation level Coordination of plans from top to bottom Forecasting SEAs
3.3. POLICY OVERVIEW Urban/local Policy (law, national strategy etc.)
Is there such a policy in your country y/n
Official name of Policy (with year)
How is climate change integrated (provide citation for any cross-reference of climate change policies)
How does this policy support and/or impede urban/local climate change action?
Other comments
National Urban Policy / National Urbanization Framework
yes National physical policy & plan (Annual)
Conservation of central fragile area
Identify climate change as a multi sectoral impact area at the poolicy level
-
Multi-level governance, Decentralization (please list specific policies separately)
yes Nationl polcy on local government Nationalpolicy on localgovernment action plan
By identifying disaster prone areas and support to integrate them into area development plans
In provincial and local plans CC is a central concern
-
Spatial / urban planning, incl. building codes (please list specific policies separately)
yes Urban Development plan for declared areas under UDA
Incorporating DRR plan in to the development plan
Contol vulnerability and minimise damages and losses
In builing codes there are regulations to be adhear in construction
Housing policy, incl. building codes (please list specific policies separately)
yes National housing policy Action plan
Incorporating DRR in to housing sector Guidelines code and manual on construction of housing
Improvesustainbility of buildings Control damages and losess
-
Urban infrastructure policies, e.g. roads, water, waste, energy (please list specific policies separately)
yes National Road Master Plan
Carrying out EIA& IEE Implement acode of practice for environmental protection
Improving qulity of road to provide sfty of the people and protection of vvironmental values
-
Provide brief summary of local role policies and laws related to climate change energy / environment / urban development
Yes Climate change policy/strategy/NAAP/disaster management plans/vulnerability profiles
- Urbanizatio and economic infrastructure is a main impact thrust areas in the CC strategy
-
Financing barriers
Identification and capture financial resources locally and internationally
o Government budget, WB, ADB, IGES, JICA, KOICA, GTZ, GEF
Formulate institutional mechanism to allocate, manage, & monitor such resources
o Efficient and optimal allocation, transparency
Encourage Private sector/small investor in financingo Banking facilities (DFCC, HSBC), CSR initiatives, CDMs
Introduced incentives for the projects for incorporation of adoptive and mitigation components
o Subsidies, Tax holidays from BOI, Certifications for hotel sector
Financing opportunities at national level Identification of climate change actions within local budget
o Ministries try to lobby for more fundingo Food security: climate resilient varieties
Identification of local strategic projects under urban development
o Wet land and ecosystem restoration
Integrate policy making and Implementation authoritieso SEAso Coordination and resource sharing
o Provide enabling environment for investors o CDMs: Tax and subsidies, technical capacity development,
coordination
Capacity barriers
Sri Lanka has national climate change policy and sectorial strategy plan
A climate change secretariat has been established under the ministry of environment
o DNA for CDMs National disaster management center and the ministry
has been established with grass route level network for action
Vulnerability profiles for floods, land slides, heavy rains and droughts: With UNDP
Forecasting by MD: seasonal forecasting is done Research: NSF, CRI, RRI, TRI, RRI, universities, think
tanks
Capacity opportunities
Effectively engage education system, media, and other information ‘multipliers’
Make information about adaptation options available at community level
Promote policy change for climate change adaptation through small group engagement
o CBA initiatives Engage existing institutional and community-based
mechanisms for coordinationo Use of traditional knowledge
Combat negative anthropogenic activity: such as sand mining
Institutional barriers
Politicians and political will: continuing policies Policy makers and their support: optimal allocation
of financial, technical and human resources (capacity building)
Education and awareness: at school levels, institutional levels, community levels
Private sector engagements: CSR, public private partnerships, transparency
Agreement of the experts/academic : Lack of research
Main opportunities:Institutional arrangements
Ministry of finance and planning National physical planning department Ministry of urban development Urban development authority Road development authority Board of investment Ceylon electricity board National water supply and drainage board Ministry of housing/National housing development
authority Ministry of environment Ministry of disaster management/disaster management
center
Proposed activities
o NAAP will be finalized by 6th April 2015o Following are the main areas of interventions where support is
neeed Information
o Awareess, vulnerability profiles, forecasting......Research
Institutionalo Institutional commitment, institutional capacities
Resource Financial, technical, capacity building of human resources
Coordinationo National, regional and local coordination, public private coordiation,
community coordination, research coordination among universities resrecha institutes and think tanks
Policyo Sectoral polices needs to have links to climate change policy NAAP
Thank you