SPORT SCIENCE - Department of Education · 2019-11-21 · Tasmanian Certificate of Education External Assessment 2019 SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315118) SECTION A Time allocated: 60 minutes

© Copyright for part(s) of this examination may be held by individuals and/or organisations other than the Office of Tasmanian Assessment, Standards and Certification.

Tasmanian Certificate of Education

External Assessment 2019

SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315118)

SECTION A Time allocated:

60 minutes

On the basis of your performance in this examination, the examiners will provide results on each of the

following criteria taken from the course document:

Criterion 1 Describe and analyse physiological aspects of exercise

Criterion 2 Analyse and explain physiological responses to training and recovery

Criterion 5 Analyse and interpret sport science data and information

PLACE YOUR CANDIDATE

LABEL HERE

Candidate Instructions

1. You MUST make sure that your responses to the questions in this examination paper will show

your achievement in the criteria being assessed.

2. Answer ALL questions.

3. Answers must be written in the spaces provided on the examination paper.

4. You should make sure you answer all parts within each question so that the criterion can be

assessed.

5. This examination is 3 hours in length. It is recommended that you spend approximately 60 minutes

in total answering the questions in this booklet.

6. All written responses must be in English.

Pages: 16

Questions: 7

SPT315118 Page 2 of 16

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Question 1

This question assesses Criterion 1.

Kate enjoys participating in local fun runs. These runs are generally 10km in duration at a low intensity. She

does minimal training for these runs. She eats a “traditional” diet high in carbohydrates and low in fat.

a) When running, Kate experiences an aerobic steady state. What is this? (1 mark)

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b) Explain the concept of O2 deficit in relation to Kate participating in fun runs. (2 marks)

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c) Outline the role of myoglobin in assisting Kate to participate in her fun runs. (1 mark)

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d) Explain ONE advantage for Kate of eating food with a low GI prior to a 10km run. (1 mark)

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e) Based on the length of the event, the intensity Kate runs at and the amount of training she does,

outline whether she would produce ATP via glycolysis or lipolysis. (2 marks)

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Question 2


Amy Cure, is a Tasmanian elite track cyclist. In the 2018 Commonwealth Games she won a track race

(10km of laps around an indoor track) in a time of 20 minutes 24 seconds.

a) List TWO chronic muscular training adaptations that may result from training for this aerobic race.

Explain the benefit of EACH adaptation on Amy’s performance. (2 marks)

Chronic adaptation 1: ....................................................................................................................................

Explanation:

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Chronic adaptation 2: ....................................................................................................................................

Explanation:

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b) State TWO chronic circulo-respiratory training adaptations during maximum exercise. (1 mark)

Circulo-respiratory adaptation 1:

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Circulo-respiratory adaptation 2:

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c) Cardiac output (Q) is the combination of TWO factors. (3 marks)

i) List the TWO factors:

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ii) How do the TWO factors listed in c), i) change when Amy goes from a resting state to exercising?

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Question 2 continues.


Question 2 (continued)

iii) Describe the relationship between Q and VO2.

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d) What is VO2 MAX? Explain how Amy and another cyclist could have the same absolute VO2 MAX but

may have different relative VO2 MAX results. (2 marks)

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Question 3


The world record for the men’s 100m freestyle swim is 46.91 seconds compared to the men’s 800m

freestyle swim record of 7 minutes 32 seconds.

a) Explain the differences in energy system interplay for the 100m and 800m freestyle swimmers, making

reference to intensity and duration. (3 marks)

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b) Explain how ATP is produced via anaerobic glycolysis for a large proportion of the 100m freestyle

swim. (2 marks)

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c) How would buffering assist the 100m freestyle swimmer? (2 marks)

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d) The 100m swimmer may predominantly have fast twitch muscle fibres and the 800m swimmer slow

twitch muscle fibres. Other than colour and rate of contraction, list TWO characteristics of fast twitch

muscle fibres only. (1 mark)

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e) What is Lactate Inflection Point (LIP)? Suggest why or why not training the LIP would be beneficial to

both the 100m and 800m swimmer. (2 marks)

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Question 4

This question assesses Criterion 2

A coach should consider all aspects of periodisation when structuring a training program for an individual

athlete or team. They need to plan for the full season, regardless of the sport being undertaken. Select a

sport of your choice and answer ALL of the following questions in relation to this sport.

Sport chosen: ................................................................................................................................................

a) Explain what a coach would focus on in the specific preparatory phase in your sport. (2 marks)

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b) Select a method of training which would be appropriate for your sport during the competitive phase of

the training year, and explain how it would be utilised. (2 marks)

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c) In order for a coach to identify individual strengths and weaknesses plus monitor/measure progress,

what would they need to ask athletes to undertake on a regular basis? (1 mark)

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d) Using the principle of individuality, discuss how a coach could work on an athlete’s weaknesses.

(2 marks)

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Question 5


Recovery is the process of returning the body to its pre-exercise state. For an athlete like Richie Porte,

riding in the Tour de France, recovery is crucial. The Tour de France is a men’s multi-stage cycling race

consisting of stages over 23 days (includes 2 rest days only). The entire race covers approximately 3500

kilometres – where approximately 160 cyclists ride an average of between 100 and 230km per day with 2 or

3 shorter time trial days.

a) Explain why Porte would undertake an active cool down immediately following a days’ racing. (2 marks)

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b) What would Porte be recommended to eat and drink immediately post performance? Explain why this

would be recommended. (3 marks)

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c) Describe and explain TWO other recovery techniques Porte may utilise on his rest days during the tour.

(2 marks)

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d) During the hill climbs, Porte would accumulate lactic acid in his blood and muscles. What is the main

fate of this by-product? (1 mark)

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SPT315118 Page 10 of 16

Question 6


Some AFL players will run between 12 – 15 km in a 100 minute game.

a) An AFL player would utilise lactate threshold (LT) Training. Provide an example of an LT training

activity and justify why it would be of benefit. (2 marks)

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b) A day or two after the game, a player may experience muscle soreness.

i) What is this phenomenon called? (1 mark)

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ii) Suggest TWO treatment options the player can use to minimise its impact. (1 mark)

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c) Using the AFL player, identify TWO fitness components required and justify your selection. (3 marks)

Fitness Component 1: .............................................................................................................................

Justification:

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Fitness Component 2: .............................................................................................................................

Justification

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d) How does an AFL player manipulate the principles of intensity and duration in order to taper and peak

weekly during their competitive phase? (3 marks)

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SPT315118 Page 12 of 16

Question 7


All answers to this question must make reference to the information that follows.

An individual who competes in 10 kilometre runs undertook a fitness test that involved running on a

treadmill with increasing speed until exhaustion.

The following graph shows the relationship between VO2, blood lactate levels, and running speed for the

athlete during the fitness test.

a) What is the athlete’s VO2 maximum? At what running speed did the athlete reach their VO2 maximum?

(1 mark)

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b) What was the athlete’s blood lactate at a running speed of 14km/hr compared to 23km/hr? Why has it

changed? (3 marks)

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c) Describe the trend in relation to the athlete’s VO2. (2 marks)

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d) At what running speed and VO2 did the athlete reach onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)?

(1 mark)

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e) Is this individual a beginner runner or advanced runner? Explain TWO pieces of data that you used to

determine your answer. (3 marks)

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SPT315118 Page 15 of 16

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SPT315118 Page 16 of 16

This examination paper and any materials associated with this examination (including answer booklets, cover sheets, rough note

paper, or information sheets) remain the property of the Office of Tasmanian Assessment, Standards and Certification (TASC).





SECTION B Time allocated:

45 minutes



Criterion 3 Analyse and discuss concepts of skill acquisition in sport



LABEL HERE




2. Answer ALL questions.



assessed.




Pages: 16 Questions: 4


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Question 8


Team sports involve learning how to perform many motor skills. During games, athletes receive numerous

forms of feedback on their execution of skills.

a) Using a team sport of your choice, state ONE example of an athlete receiving knowledge of results

(KR) as feedback. (1 mark)

Team Sport: ...................................................................................................................................................

Example: .......................................................................................................................................................

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b) Explain why receiving only knowledge of results (KR) as feedback might be detrimental to

performance. (1 mark)

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c) Discuss how knowledge of performance (KP) assists the development of schema, using a team sport

example of your choice. Provide a definition of ‘schema’ in your answer. (2 marks)

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d) Many team sports involve throwing, striking or kicking a projectile. Using a team sport of your choice:

i) Identify TWO factors affecting projectile motion. (1 mark)

Projectile motion factor 1: ..............................................................................................................................

Projectile motion factor 2: ..............................................................................................................................

ii) Explain how these factors could be used to increase the effectiveness of the projectile in motion.

(2 marks)

Explanation 1:

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Explanation 2:

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e) Discuss the main subroutines, in order, of striking a ball of your choice. (2 marks)

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f) An AFL football weighing 450g (0.45kg), accelerates at a rate of 600m/s2. Calculate the force used to

kick the football. (1 mark)

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Question 9


Batting in cricket involves having a fast reaction time, precise timing and co-ordinated execution of the

motor skill.

a) What is ONE cue that a batter in cricket could look for prior to receiving the ball to assist input?

(1 mark)

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b) What is noise? Give ONE example of noise during a cricket match. (2 marks)

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c)

i) What type of memory enables the batter to remember how to perform a certain shot with the bat?

(1 mark)

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ii) Using the memory type identified in c), i), what is the storage size and length of time that

information can be stored here? (1 mark)

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d)

i) Outline the difference between reaction time and response time, using examples from cricket.

(3 marks)

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ii) Stimulus-response compatibility is a factor affecting reaction time. Explain how this affects reaction

time, using an example from cricket. (2 marks)

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e) Using cricket or a sport of your choice, discuss using examples, how temporal and spatial anticipation

may give an athlete an advantage over their opponent. (2 marks)

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Question 10


Tennis players have to learn many motor skills. Often, tennis players improve by hitting a tennis ball many

times to perfect skill execution.

a) Define what a motor skill is. (1 mark)

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b) What is the difference between an open and closed skill? Justify whether a tennis serve is more of an

open skill or closed skill. (3 marks)

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c) Compare TWO different types of practice that may contribute to the tennis player executing their skills

with precision. (2 marks)

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d) The photograph below shows a tennis player serving a white tennis ball contrasting against the grey

court surface (for the purpose of this image only).

https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Technique/67566/rafael-nadals-tennis-serve/

Suggest ONE reason why a contrasting colour ball gives an advantage for skill execution in tennis.

(1 mark)

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e) Choose ONE biomechanical principle of kinetics. Explain ONE way that a tennis player could use this

principle to their advantage. (1 mark)

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f) Explain how a tennis player can take advantage of their opponent’s psychological refractory period

(PRP). Provide a definition of PRP in your answer. (2 marks)

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https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Technique/67566/rafael-nadals-tennis-serve/

SPT315118 Page 10 of 16


g) In elite tennis, serves can exceed speeds of 200 kilometres per hour.

With reference to THREE aspects of the information processing model (see diagram below), explain

how a fast serve can negatively affect the skill performance of the opponent. (3 marks)

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SPT315118 Page 12 of 16

Question 11



Netball involves many motor skills. Four athletes were tracked during a 60 minute match. The following

table shows the number of times an activity was performed by each player.

Athlete A Athlete B Athlete C Athlete D

Standing (stationary) 254 450 115 259

Jog 378 99 405 351

Sprint (<3 s) 95 11 121 100

Rebound (from the hoop) 3 0 10 7

Pass 103 43 164 115

Catch 115 80 151 120

Maximal jump 52 29 66 56

Directional change 220 120 301 219

Shuffle (move quickly) 304 50 115 304

a) How many times did Athlete C make a directional change? (1 mark)

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b) Which athlete performed the highest number of passes and catches? (1 mark)

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c) Which motor skill was performed an equal number of times by TWO athletes? (2 marks)

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SPT315118 Page 13 of 16


d) Which athlete did the most amount of sprinting, jogging and shuffling combined? (2 marks)

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e) Compare, using data from TWO motor skills, the amount of movement completed by Athlete B and D.

(2 marks)

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f) The Centre position in netball involves a lot of movement in order to set up a number of plays. The

centre is allowed to cover more court than any other netball position. Alternatively, the goal keeper, is

restricted to a small area.

Based on this information, use TWO pieces of data for EACH position to outline which athlete would be

best suited to play the centre position and the goal keeper position. (2 marks)

i) Centre

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ii) Goal Keeper

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SPT315118 Page 16 of 16







SECTION C Time allocated:

45 minutes



Criterion 4 Examine and discuss how sport psychology influences athletic performance



LABEL HERE




2. Answer ALL the questions.



assessed.




Pages: 16

Questions: 4


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Question 12


The coach of a 100m athletics track sprinter must cater for varying psychological states in the athlete.

a) The coach notices the athlete is suffering from over arousal.

i) What are TWO somatic (physiological) symptoms they might be displaying? (1 mark)

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ii) Explain ONE strategy that the coach could suggest that the athlete use, to decrease their arousal

level.

(2 marks)

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b) There are four main antecedents of self-efficacy. Explain, with examples, how TWO of these

antecedents can affect the performance of the athlete. (2 marks)

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c) The coach suggests that the athlete undertake some goal setting to help improve the quality of their

training sessions. Explain how the coach can utilise both goal setting and extrinsic motivation to help

the athlete. (3 marks)

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d) The Self Determination Theory states that three innate needs must be met to allow optimum function

and growth. Explain TWO of these three needs. (2 marks)

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EXAM QUESTIONS CONTINUE OVER THE PAGE


Question 13


Anna is a dancer who is working hard on fine tuning her routine for an upcoming performance. She is

continually having difficulty with a particular part of the dance.

a) Define what a process goal is, and explain why Anna’s coach wants her to set this type of goal.

(2 marks)

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b) Anna’s coach reminds her of her previous performance accomplishments and gives her verbal

persuasion. Explain using examples, how each of these may improve Anna’s performance.

(3 marks)

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c) Suggest TWO ways in which Anna may utilise coping strategies prior to or during her dance

performance. (2 marks)

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d) Following Anna’s performance, her coach identifies positive and negative aspects in the performance.

Explain TWO more aspects the coach should include in the debriefing. (2 marks)

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e) Anna’s coach discusses with her the need to focus on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and task

relevant factors to improve her performance scores. Explain EACH of these concepts and why the

coach would suggest this with reference to Anna. (3 marks)

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Question 14


Adam is a diver who is preparing for a competition which involves the performance of 5 different dives.

a) Define and explain how Adam may use both the following during training: (3 marks)

i) Performance practice

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ii) Instant preplay

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b) i) Justify which attentional dimension would Adam be using whilst utilising Instant Preplay in

Question 14 a ii). (1 mark)

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ii) Explain TWO strengths of the dimension mentioned in b i). (2 marks)

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iii) Explain ONE weakness of the dimension in b) i), referring to the impact it may have on Adam’s

performance. (2 marks)

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....................................................................................................................................................................... c) If Adam were over-aroused, this could cause an attentional mismatch. Explain this statement.

(2 marks)

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d) This over-arousal may be caused by competitive anxiety. Suggest TWO strategies the diver could use

to manage this. (2 marks)

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e) List TWO examples of an intangible reward that Adam may receive. (1 mark)

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Question 15



A sport psychologist is recruited by a pistol club to work with pre-Olympic shooters to convince them of the

importance and value of using imagery intervention to relax them.

Athletes are tested in 3 different trials - with unfamiliar relaxing music (URM), unfamiliar arousing music

(UAM) and no music (NM). Their heart rates for each are measured in an initial test session. After 10

imagery sessions, athletes are again tested to determine if there are any changes in their results.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00014/full

a) What are TWO trends shown in the graphs? (2 marks)

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4 weeks

Hea

rt r

ate

(b

pm

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Session 1 Imagery Intervention 10 Sessions Session 12 Imagery Intervention Imagery

Time (Seconds)

Unfamiliar Relaxing Music (URM)

Unfamiliar Arousing Music (UAM)

No Music (NM)

76.0

74.0

72.0

70.0

68.0

66.0

64.0

62.0

60.0

76.0 74.0

72.0 70.0 68.0

66.0

64.0

62.0

60.0

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00014/full

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b) Which trial resulted in the lowest heart rates for: (1 mark)

i) Session 1: ........................................................................................................................................

ii) Session 12: ......................................................................................................................................

c) What was the difference between Session 1 and Session 12, in relation to the initial heart rate for

athletes listening to URM? (1 mark)

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d) Comment about the effect of time on the athletes’ heart rates. (2 marks)

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e) By referring to the results in the first and 12th intervention sessions, comment about the effectiveness

or not of utilising imagery with no music (NM) and imagery with music (URM, UAM).

(4 marks)

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SECTION D Time allocated:

30 minutes

On the basis of your performance in this examination, the examiners will provide a result on the following

criterion taken from the course document:

Criterion 6 Examine and discuss cross-discipline links


LABEL HERE



your achievement in the criterion being assessed.

2. This paper has THREE questions.

3. You must answer TWO questions in extended response form.



assessed.




Pages: 12

Questions: 3


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These questions assesses Criterion 6.

Answer TWO questions only in this section.

Question 16

Novak Djokovic (ND) is a Serbian tennis player who won the 2019 Australian Open (AO) tennis tournament

at the age of 31. His career has been impressive with at least 15 Grand Slam singles titles (including 7 at

the AO) and 73 Career Titles. He has also been ranked the number one player in the world on numerous

occasions. Season 2017-18 saw Djokovic change coaches and have substantial lay-offs with an elbow

injury. These physical issues saw his world ranking drop to 22. His increasing age and injury status were

beginning to affect his self-belief.

Use TWO cross-discipline links between Exercise Physiology and Sport Psychology that could have

contributed to Djokovic being able to return to his previous form.

Question 17

Ariarne Titmus (AT) is an Australian 200m, 400m and 800m freestyle swimmer. At the 2018 Pan Pacific

Championships she placed second in the 400m to current world record holder, American Katie Ledecky

(KL). Wanting to make improvements, AT and her coach reviewed how her technical and psychological

aspects of her performance could be improved. At the 2019 World Championships AT beat KL, which was

the American’s first loss in the event since the 2012 Olympic Games.

Use TWO cross-discipline links between Sport Psychology and Skill Acquisition that will enable AT to

continue to produce outstanding performances.

Question 18

Australian Rules Football Women’s (AFLW) player, Erin Phillips (EP) was best on ground in the 2017 and

2019 AFLW Grand Finals with the Adelaide premiership team. She won the 2017 and 2019 AFLW Best

and Fairest Medal, and the 2017 and 2019 AFLW Players’ Most Valuable Player Award.

Use TWO cross-discipline links between Skill Acquisition and Exercise Physiology that would have

contributed to Phillips’ outstanding performances.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_AFL_Women%27s_Grand_Final

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_AFL_Women%27s_Grand_Final

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide_Football_Club_(AFL_Women%27s)


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Documents

SPORT SCIENCE - Department of Education · 2019-11-21 · Tasmanian Certificate of Education External Assessment 2019 SPORT SCIENCE (SPT315118) SECTION A Time allocated: 60 minutes