SMCC-VACHANAVEDI http://www.syromalabarcatechesis.org

ssZhIc¯nsâ ssh`h§Ä

tUm.tXmakv ]mdbv¡Â

awKfhmÀ¯¡mew aq¶mw RmbÀ, eq¡ 1:57þ66

CutimbpsS apt¶mSnbmb kv\m]Isâ P\\¯nepw \maIcW¯nepw

{]ISamb ssZhIcpWbpw Ahsâta \ngen«ncp¶ ssZhIckm¶n²yhpw

shfns¸Sp¯p¶XmWv C¶s¯ kphntijw. ssZhhN\¯nsâ {]Ya`mhw

{ihWhmb\Ifn P·saSp¡p¶ hnkvabamWv. {ihn¡p¶XpsIm−pam{Xw \½nÂ

hnkvabw XoÀ¡p¶ ssZhhN\ap−v ({^m³knkv ]m¸). PmXamb hnkvabw \s½

kt´mjn¸n¡p¶p. C¶s¯ kphntij`mK¯p\n¶v hnkvabw P\n¸n¡p¶ c−p

hmIy§Ä {i²n¡mw:

"IÀ¯mhv AhtfmSp henb ImcpWyw ImWn¨ncn¡p¶p' (eq¡m 1: 58)sh¶p P\w

Xncn¨dnbp¶p. GeoizmbpsS PohnX¯n\v ssZhw \evInb \·sb A§s\Xs¶

{Kln¡p¶p P\w. tbml¶m³ henb IcpWbpsS km¶n²yamWv. tbml¶m³þssZhw

IcpW ImWn¨p F¶mWtÃm AÀ°w. kao]Øamb IcpWsb A§s\ Xs¶

Xncn¨dnbm³ Ignbp¶XmWv Gähpw henb IcpW.

BcmWv tbml¶m³? tbml¶m³ Akm²yXbn km²yXbmbh\mWv.

A]am\¯nembncp¶hÀ¡v A`nam\w sImSp¯h\mWv. A\]XyXbn A]Xyambn

]nd¶h\mWv. Ipäaähn[w ]men¡s¸«ncp¶ Iev]\IfpsSbpw {]amW§fpsSbpw

kXv^eamWv. A_nbmbpsS KW¯nÂs¸« k¡dnbmbpsS IpSpw_¯nÂ

imizXXz¯nsâ I®nbmWv. GeoizmbpsS hÔyXbn k´m\]pjvSn

\evInbh\mWv. {]mbm[nIy¯nsâ hnhiXIÄ¡pw AhiXIÄ¡pw

{]Xyp¯cambh\mWv. IÀ¯mhnsâ Beb¯nepbÀ¯nb {]mÀ°\IfpsS

{]Xyp¯camWv. ]nXmhmb k¡dnbmbv¡v ssZhnIZqXkmao]y¯n\pw

km¶n²y¯n\pw hgnsbmcp¡nbh\mWv. k¡dnbmbv¡v B\µhpw

k´pjvvSnbpambh\mWv. At\IÀ¡v B\µImcnbmb P·saSp¯h\mWv.

IÀ¯mhnsâ k¶n[nbn henbh\mIphm³ \ntbmK saSp¯h\mWv. amXmhnsâ

DZc¯nembncn¡th Bßmhn\m ]qcnX\mbh\mWv. C{kmtb a¡sf ssZhamb

IÀ¯mhnte¡p XncnsIs¡m−ph¶h\mWv. ]nXm¡fpsS lrZb§sf a¡fnte¡p

Xncn¨h\mWv. A\pkcWanÃm¯hsc \oXnam·mcpsS hnthI¯nte¡p \bn¨h\mWv.

kÖoIrXamb Hcp P\Xsb IÀ¯mhn\mbn Hcp¡nbh\mWv. GenbmbpsS

iànssNX\y§Ä GsäSp¯v IÀ¯mhnsâ ap¼n t]mbh\mWv. Geoizmbv¡p

a\pjycpsS CSbnep−mbncp¶ A]am\s¯ \o¡n¡fªh\mWv. AhÄ¡pth−n

IÀ¯mhnsâ ISm£ambh\mWv. GeoizmbpsS DZc¯n IpXn¨p NmSnbh\mWv.

CXc PohnX§Ä¡v IpXn¨pNm«¯nsâ km²yX Hcp¡nbh\mWv. hyànIÄ¡pw

kaql¯n\pw IcpWbpsS \oÀ¨m {]hmlw HgpInbnd§nbncn¡p¶psh¶v

tbml¶msâ P\w Adnbn¨p. B P\s¯ IcpWbpsS I\nhqdq¶ kµÀi\ambn P\w

{Kln¨p. \½psS\mfpIfn \ap¡pth−Xpw

P\¯ns\Ãm¡me§fnepap−mbncp¶Xpw Cu Xncn¨dnhmWv \nsâbpw

aäpÅhcpsSbpw PohnX§sf XgpIn\nev¡p¶ ssZhIcpWsb ImWpI. IcpWsb

ZÀin¡m\mhpw hn[w angnIfn ARvP\w ]pc«n¡m¯ncn¡Ww. IcpWsb

IcpWbmbn ImWm³ sIev]pÅhcmtWm \mw? A\ycpsS PohnX¯nÂ

sNmcnbs¸Sp¶ IcpWsb IcpWbpÅ angnIfnemtWm \mw ZÀin¡p¶Xv?

I®pIfnÂ\n¶v IcpWbpsS \\hv \jvSs¸Sp¶ntà \½Ä¡v?

\maIcWthfbn k¡dnbm Fgp¯p]eIbn tbml¶m³ F¶

t]scgpXnbt¸mÄ \mhnsâ sI«phn«p. k¡dnb au\w XIÀ¯v hmNme\mbn

ssZhs¯ hmgv¯n. AZv`pXw krjvSn¨v P·saSp¯h³ asämcZv`pX¯neqsS \mahpw

kzoIcn¨t¸mÄ FÃmhcpw Cu inip Bcmbn¯ocpsa¶p Nn´n¨p. XpSÀ¶v

tbml¶m³ tbmÀZm³Xoc¯v A\pXm]¯nsâ kv\m\hpambn F¯p¶XphscbpÅ

ZoÀLhÀj§sf (30) eq¡m kw{Kln¡p¶p: ""IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw Aht\mSpIqsS

D−mbncp¶p'' (1: 66). tbml¶ms\¶Xpt]mse GsXmcp PohnXt¯mSpw tNÀ¯p

\ndp¯n [ym\n¡mhp¶Xpw [ym\nt¡−Xpamb hmIyamWv IÀ¯rIc¯nsâ

km¶n²yw hyànIfnÂ. {InkvXphn Pohn¡p¶hcpw Pohnt¡−hcpamb \½psS

PohnX§sf IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw XgpIn\nev¡p¶pt−m F¶KmVhnNmcw {]kàatÃ?

XncsªSp¡s¸«hcpsS PohnXs¯bpw {]hÀ¯\§sfbpw hnhcn¡p¶ thfbnÂ

]gb\nba¯n Xe§pw hne§pw D]tbmKn¡p¶ {]tbmKamWnXv. ssZhkm¶n²yw,

ssZhnIiàn F¶nhbpsS IÀ½]qÀ®X hyànIfn \ngen«ncn¡p¶Xv

hyàam¡m\mWp {]tbmKw. GenbmbpsS ]n³XpSÀ¨¡mc\mb GeojmbpsS

PohnX¯n "KmbI³ ]mSnbt¸mÄ IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw GeojmbpsS ta Bhkn¨p'

(2 cmP 3:15) F¶v tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. GenbmbpsS ta D−mbncp¶Xnsâ Cc«n

iànbpw ssNX\yhpw \ne\n¶ncp¶h³ \nÝbambpw ssZhIc¯nÂ

Iognembncp¶p.ssZhhpw ssZhnIiànbpw {]hÀ¯\ \ncXamIp¶Xv hyàn

ssZhIc¯n³ Iognse¶Xnsâ sXfnhmWv. BcpsSta ssZh¯nsâ Icapt−m

Ah\pw Aht\mSp tNcp¶h\pw Ahs\ ssZh]²Xn¡mbn \ntbmKn¨hcpw

IÀ¯rIc§fpsS iIvXnhntij§Ä Xncn¨dnbp¶hcmWv. PohnX§fpsStaÂ

IXncn«ncn¡p¶ ssZhnIiànbpw {]`mhhpw Xncn¨dnbp¶hcmWv

ssZhIc¯n³Iogn \nev¡p¶hÀ. bpàamb Xocpam\§fnse¯m\pw Ahsb

hnthI]qÀÆw ]qÀ¯oIcn¡m\papÅ ssh`hamWv ssZhIcw k½m\n¡p¶Xv. sNt¿

−Xp sN¿m\pw ]dtb−Xp ]dbm\pw {]m]vXcmIp¶Xv ssZhIc¯nsâ {]`mhamWv.

kv\m]Isâ DbÀ¶ncn¡p¶ ssZh¯nsâ Icw Ahsâ amXm]nXm¡fpw _Ôp¡fpw

Ab¡mcpw I−p; tI«p; Adnªp, AdnªXns\ AhÀ tLmjn¨p. FÃm

al¯zhpw ssZhIc¯n\pkaÀ¸n¨p.ImcpWyamb ssZhs¯ ImWmw. ssZhIc¯nsâ

ssh`h§Ä \ap¡pw AhImiam¡mw. ssZhhN\¯nsâ hnkvabw

PohnX¯nem¡mw.

SMCC-VACHANAVEDI http://www.syromalabarcatechesis.org

ssZhw ImcpWyhm\mIp¶p

^m. sk_mkvddy³ Ipänbm\n¡Â

awKfhmÀ¯¡mew H¶mw BgvNbn kv\m]Itbml¶msâ P\\s¯¡pdn¨pw

Ignª BgvNbn CutimbpsS P\\s¯¡pdn¨papÅ awKfhmÀ¯ [ym\n¨

Bcm[\mkaqlw C¶p kphntij¯n \n¶pw [ym\hnjbam¡p¶Xv H¶mas¯

RmbdmgvNs¯ Adnbn¸nsâ ]qÀ¯oIcWamWv. AXmbXv kv\m]Itbml¶msâ

P\\w. Hcp aI³ P\n¡psa¶ hmÀ¯bpambn A{_ml¯nsâ ]¡Â hcp¶

ssZhs¯bmWv DXv]¯n¸pkvXI¯n \n¶papÅ H¶mw hmb\bn ImWp¶Xv.

H¶mw RmbdmgvNs¯ BZyhmb\bpw DXv]¯n¸pkvXI¯nÂ\n¶pÅXpw

Cklm¡nsâ P·s¯¡pdn¨pÅ Adnbn¸pambncp¶p (DXv]¯n:17,1þ27). AhnsS

ssZhw {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xv A{_man\mbncp¶p. ssZhw A¶v A{_mansâ t]cv

A{_mlw F¶v B¡n amänbncp¶p (DXv]. 17,5). A{_mw F¶ hm¡n\v AÀ°w

Hu¶XyapÅ ]nXmhv F¶mWv. A{_mlw F¶ hm¡n\v P\XIfpsS ]nXmhv

F¶mWv. ChnsS \mw ImWp¶Xv Hu¶XyapÅ Hcp ]nXmhns\ hnfn¨v P\XIfpsS

]nXmhm¡p¶ ssZhs¯bmWv. P\XIÄ¡pth−nbpÅ ssZh¯nsâ {]tXyIamb

Hcp CSs]SemWv \mw ChnsS ImWp¶Xv.

A{_ml¯neqsS Xs¶¯s¶ shfns¸Sp¯p¶ ssZhs¯ A{_mlw

IqSpXembn a\Ênem¡p¶Xpt]mse ssZh¯nsâ ImcpWys¯ IqSpXembn

a\Ênem¡n Gäp ]dbp¶ kJdnbmsbbpw Fenk_¯ns\bpamWv kphntij¯nÂ

\mw Is−¯p¶Xv. ssZhw ImWn¨ ImcpWyw A\pkvacn¨psIm−v AhÀ Xsâ aI\p

tbml¶m³ F¶ t]cv P\\t¯msS \ÂIp¶p. A½bpsS DZc¯nÂ

Bbncn¡pt¼mįs¶ ]cnip²mßmhn\m (eq¡m.1,41) ssZh¯nsâ Icw

IqsSbp−mbncp¶hsâ P\\hmÀ¯tbmSp (eq¡m. 1,66) tNÀ¯p ]gb\nba¯nÂ

ssZh¯nsâ Bßmhp {]tXyIambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Hcp a\pjysâ P\\amWp c-

−mas¯ hmb\bn \mw {ihn¡p¶Xvþkmwksâ P\\w. ssZh¯nsâ

Bßmhn\m \ndªp kmwk¬ C{kmtbÂP\s¯ i{Xp¡fnÂ\n¶p

c£n¡p¶p−v (\ymb. 13,25; 14,4.14). ssZh¯nsâ Ir] {]tXyIambn

A\p`hn¨bmfmWv kmwk¬. hnPmXobÀ¡pth−n ssZh¯nsâ ImcpWyw (Ir])

ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xn\pth−n hnfn¡s¸«h\mWp Xm³ F¶p ]utemkv Çolm

teJ\¯neqsS Gäp ]dbp¶p: hn.]utemkv ]dbp¶p. ‘Hcp shfn]mSv hgnbmWv

ssZhw Cu clkyw F\n¡v shfns¸Sp¯nbXv’ (Ft^.3,3). C¶s¯

ssZhhN\hmb\IfnseÃmw ssZh¯nsâ {]tXyI ZÀi\§fpw, ssZhIr] \ndª

hyànIsfbpamWp \mw ImWp¶Xv. ssZh¯nsâ Ir] B hyànIfpsS ta·sIm-

−Ã adn¨v ssZh¯nsâ Zm\amsW¶v AhÀ Gäp ]dbp¶p.

C¶s¯ kphntij`mK¯p ImWp¶ aq¶p hyànIfpsS t]cpIÄ kJdnb,

Fenk_¯v, tbml¶m³ F¶nhbmWv. ssZh¯nsâ {]tXyIamb Cu CSs]SepIÄ

a\pjyNcn{X¯n F´psIm−mWv F¶v Cu t]cpIÄ kqNn¸n¡p¶p−v. kJdnb

F¶ hm¡v kJmÀ+bmth F¶ hm¡pIÄ tNÀ¶p−mIp¶XmWv. AXnsâ AÀ°w

‘ssZhw HmÀ¡p¶p’ F¶mWv (kJmÀ=HmÀ¡pI+bmth=ssZhw). F´mWp ssZhw

HmÀ¯Xv F¶v Fenk_¯v F¶ hm¡v \ap¡v ]dªpXcp¶p−v. Fenk_¯v F¶

t]cnsâ lo{_p cq]w Geoizm F¶mWv. Fenk_¯v F¶Xp {Ko¡p cq]amWv.

Geoiz F¶ t]cpw GÂ+ivhA F¶o c−p hm¡pIÄ tNÀ¶pÅXmWv. AXnsâ

AÀ°w ‘ssZh¯nsâ {]XnPvR’ F¶mWv (GÂ=ssZhw+ivhA={]XnÚ).

aq¶mas¯ hyàn tbml¶m³ BWv. tbml¶m³ F¶ t]cv bmth+l¶m³ F¶

hm¡pIÄ tNÀ¶mWv. AXnsâ AÀ°w ‘ssZhw ImcpWyhm\mIp¶p’ F¶mWv

(bmth = ssZhw +l¶m³=ImcpWyw).

a\pjyNcn{X¯nse ssZh¯nsâ {]tXyIamb CSs]SepIÄ¡p ImcWw ssZhw

Xsâ {]XnÚ HmÀ¡p¶XpsIm−mWv. GXp {]XnÚ F¶p tNmZn¨m ]nimNnsâ

Iuie¯n hoWp t]mb a\pjyIpes¯ c£n¡phm³th−n ssZhw sNbvX

BZy{]XnÚ (DXv]¯n 3,15). a\pjyIpes¯ c£n¡phm³ Hcp c£I³ hcpsa¶

{]XnÚ. B {]XnÚ \nÀhln¡p¶Xn\pth−n ssZhw ]et¸mgpw Ncn{X¯nÂ

{]tXyIambn CSs]Sp¶p. AXn\pth−nbmWv ssZhw A{_mls¯ hnfn¨Xpw

Ah\pambn DS¼Sn Øm]n¡p¶Xpw. B DS¼SnbpsS ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\mbn

A{_ml¯neqsS Hcp P\Xsb hmÀs¯Sp¡p¶Xpw Ahcpambn HcpS¼Sn bp-

−m¡p¶Xpw (DXv]¯n 15;]pd¸mSv 19). F¶m B P\w ssZht¯mSpÅ DS¼Sn

ewLn¡pIbpw ssZhs¯ ad¡pIbpw sNbvXp. awKfhmÀ¯¡mes¯

RmbdmgvNIfn Gi¿mbpsS ]pkvXI¯n \n¶papÅ hN\`mK§fn ssZhs¯

ad¶p Pohn¡p¶ P\s¯bmWv Gi¿m {]hmNI³ Nq−n¡mWn¡p¶Xv (Gi¿m. 42,

18þ43,13;43,14þ44,5). P\w ssZhs¯ ad¶mepw ssZhw P\t¯mSpÅ {]XnÚ HmÀ¯p,

Ah³ AhtcmSp ImcpWyw ImWn¨p. ssZh¯nsâ B ImcpWyamWp ssZh¯nsâ

a\pjymhXmc¯n\p hgnsbmcp¡phm³ h¶ tbml¶m³. tbml¶msâ P\\w

hnfn¨dnbn¡p¶Xp t]mse ssZh¯nsâ ImcpWyw C¶p \mw A\p`hn¡p¶Xp

ZnhyImcpWy¯nemWv. ssZhw P\t¯mSp ImcpWyw ImWn¨p tbml¶ms\ \ÂIn

F¶m ‘ssZhw Xs¶¯s¶ \ÂIn ImcpWyambn amdn AXmWp ZnhyImcpWyw.’

SMCC-VACHANAVEDI http://www.syromalabarcatechesis.org

ssZhIc¯n³IognÂ

tUm. tXmakv ]n.

apt¶mSnbmb kv\m]Itbml¶msâ P\\w, ]cntÑZ\w, \maIcWw

F¶nhtbmS\p_Ôn¨pmb hnkvab§fpsS kw£n]vXhnhcWamWv ]cnNn´\obamb

kphntij`mKw. ssZhImcpWyw A\p`hn¡m\pw Xncn¨dnbphm\pw Ignª

amXm]nXm¡fpsSbpw _Ôp¡fpsSbpw Ab¡mcpsSbpw kt´mjs¯

kw{Kln¨ncn¡p¶XmWv hnhcWw. Cu Ipªv Bcmbn¯ocpsa¶ hnkvab¯nsâ

BhcWan«XmWv hnhcWw apgph³. hmÀ²Iy¯n Geoizm k¡dnbmZ¼XnamÀ¡v

A]Xyem`ap−mbt¸mÄ AhtcmSp tNÀ¶p kt´mjn¡p¶hcmbncp¶p Abev¡mcpw

kvt\lnXcpw. ssZhnI\·sb IoÀ¯n¡m\pw AhtcmsSm¯p kt´mjn¡m\pw AhÀ

DÕmlnIfmbn. Ipªnsâ P\\w GsXmcp kwkvImc¯nepw kt´mjtlXphmWv;

hntijn¨pw hmÀ²Iy¯n `hn¨ ]p{Xe_v[n. hyànPohnX¯n ssZhIcpW

ssNX\yw \ndbv¡p¶ Akpe`thfIÄ Iq«mbvabpsS B\µmZnIÄ¡v CShcp¯p¶p.

hyànIfpsS kt´mjw kaql¯n\mIam\apÅ Dt·j¯nsâbpw BËmZ¯nsâbpw

I\ImhkcamWv.

tbml¶msâ \maIcWhpw ]cntOZ\hpw H¶n¨p\S¶ F«mw Znhkw

H¯pIqSnbhÀ AÛpX¯n ]¦mfnIfmIpIbmWv. tZhmebhncn¡pÅn au\w

`hn¨ k¡dnbm \mhpkzX{´ambn ssZhs¯ {]IoÀ¯n¡p¶Xnsâ km£nIfmIp¶p.

Ab¡mcpw _Ôp¡fpw. k¡dnbmbpw Geoizmbpw AhcpsS Ab¡mcpw

tbml¶msâ P\\Adnbn¸papX AÛpX§Ä ImWp¶hcmWv. Akm²yXIsf

km²yXbmbn ]cnhÀ¯n¸n¡p¶ ssZhnIhnkvab¯nsâbpw ImcpWy¯nsâbpw

km£nIÄ. aqIX \o§n A[cw Xpd¶h³ km£nbmbn. AXp ImWpIbpw ssZhs¯

al¯zs¸Sp¯pIbpw sNbvXhcpw ssZhnI]²XnIfpsS km£y§fmbn. \½psS

PohnX¯nsâ ipjvIXbnepw iq\yXbnepw häenepw \oäenepw ssZhw AÛpXw

IcpXnbncn¡p¶p. Akm²yXIfn hnkvabw k¶nthin¸n¡p¶p. ]cnanXnIfnÂ

A]cnanXXzw DÅS¡nbncn¡p¶p. \ncmiIfn {]Xymi IcpXnbncn¡p¶p. ZpxJ§fnÂ

kt´mjhpw BIpeXIfn Bizmkhpw \ndbv¡p¶p. PohnXwsImv ssZhnIXbpsS

km£nIfpw km£y§fpamIm³ \s½ \ntbmKn¡p¶p.

Iogvhg¡§Ä¡p hg§n sImSp¡p¶hcpsS km¶n²yw \maIcWZn\¯nep−v.

]nXmhnsâ t]c\pkcn¨v ]p{X\pw k¡dnbm F¶ t]cnSphm³ AhÀ \nÀt±in¨p.

AhÀ C¶seIfn Pohn¡p¶hcmWv; ]n¶nte¡p am{Xw t\m¡n PohnXs¯

\nÀÆNn¡p¶hcmWv. C¶seIÄ \msfbpw XpScWsa¶m{Kln¡p¶hÀ. ]p{Xsâ t]cv

tbml¶m³ F¶v Fgp¯p]eIbn Ipdn¡pt¼mÄ ]pXnsbmcp XpS¡¯n\p

k¡dnbm apXncpIbmWv. AsXmcZv`pambn. k¡dnbmbpsS _ÔnXamb A[c§fpsS

Xpdhn. D¶X§fnÂ\n¶pÅ DZbcivan kµÀin¡p¶nS¯v (eq¡ 1:68) ]pXnb

XpS¡§Ä Bcw`n¡p¶p. ]cnNnXhpw hg§nbXpamb PohnXtaJeIÄ¡p

]pdt¯¡p IS¡pt¼mgmWv Ncn{XKXnbpsS kvXw`\w amdpI. `qXImekvacWIÄ¡p

]cn `mhnsb¡pdn¨pÅ {]Xo£IÄ thWw hÀ¯am\s¯ `cn¡m\pw \nb{´n¡m\pw.

hÀ¯am\Imem\p`h§Ä¡p t]cpw s]mcpfpw At\zjnt¡−Xv HmÀ½bpsS

Ad¸pcIfn am{XaÃ. `mhnbpsS IehdIfpw \ap¡p ap¼nep−v. HmÀ½ItfmsSm¸w

`mh\bpw \½nep−mIWw.

ap¶nte¡pÅ B¡§Ä¡v ]n³t\m«w KpWIcaÃ. KpWta·bnepÅ

IpXn¨pNm«§Ä `mh\mimenXz¯nsâ ^eamWv. I®v ap¼n \evInbncn¡p¶h³

\½psS t\m«hpw t\«hpw apt¼m«mbncn¡sa¶v sImXn¡p¶p−mIWw.

IgnªXnte¡v aS§nt¸mIm\mhnà BÀ¡pw. HmÀ½Ifn IpSp§n¡nS¶mÂ

A`nam\n¡m\pw Duäw sImÅm\pw hIbmbn. F¶m `mh\bn P·wsImp IÀ½§Ä

apt¶m«pÅ IpXn¸mbn amdpw. "ap¼nepÅhsb e£yam¡n Xm³ apt¶dp¶p' (^nen¸n

3:13).

kphntijhnhcW¯nsâ hncmahmIy§Ä tbml¶m³ F¶ iniphn tI{µnXamWv.

P\w apgph³ Nn´n¨p Cu inip Bcmbn¯ocpw? (66). ]nXmhns\ \nÈ_vZXbnte¡p

\bn¨v P·saSp¯h³ tbml¶m³; hÔyXbpsS im]w t]dnbhÄ¡v P\n¨h³

tbml¶m³; PohnX¯nse Akm²yXbnse km²yXbmbh³ tbml¶m³; A]am\

ap{ZnXcmbhÀ¡v A`nam\ambn¯oÀ¶h³ tbml¶m³. Cu Nn´IsfÃmw iniphnsâ

`mhnalnamhn hnkvab`cnXcmIm\pw A`nam\n¡m\pw P\s¯ t{]cn¸n¨p. GXp

iniphpw AXnib¯nsâ \nXyIqSmcamWv. hnkvab¯nsâ hntemehgnIÄ

Ah\pth−n Xpd¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. P\\¯nen{Xtbsd hnkvab§Ä IcpXnbncn¡p

¶h³ Fs´Ãmambncn¡pw `mhn¡pth−n Im¯ph¨ncn¡p¶Xv? Hmtcm P\\hpw

\s½ Nn´n¸n¡Ww. P\n¨hs\¡pdn¨v FÃmhÀ¡pw Nn´Ifpw IcpXepw DmIWw.

"IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw Aht\mSpIqsS D−mbncp¶p (66). ssZhIc§fpsS kPoh

{]hÀ¯\w tbml¶ms\ Bßmhn _es¸«h\m¡n. PohnX§sfsbÃmw

_es¸Sp¯p¶Xv IÀ¯mhnsâ IcamWv. PohnX¯nsâ ZpxJ§fpw BIpeXIfpw

Icpt¯dnb Ic§fpsS Iogn amdnþadnbpw. tbml¶ms\¡pdn¨v Ahsâ ]nXmhnsâ

IoÀ¯\§fn FSp¯p]dªncn¡p¶h \½psSbpw AhImiamWv. Fsâ

IÀ½taJebn IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw Ds¦n F´mWkm²yambpÅXv? ssZht¯mSpw

AhnSps¯ IcpWtbmSpapÅ XpdhnbmWv ssZhIc¯nsâ Iognembncn¡m\pÅ

D¯aamÀ¤w. AhnsS hyànPohnX¯nsâ kzmX{´yw ]q¯pebpw. aäpÅhÀ¡p

hntamN\¯nsâ ]mX Xpd¡m\mhpw. \½n IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw ]Xn¨ncn¡pI hgn

\mapw CXccpw kzX{´cmIWw. IÀ¯mhnsâ ImcpWyw kzmb¯am¡m³

{]m]vXnbpÅ Hcp P\ambn \mw amdWw, aäpÅhsc IÀ¯rIc¯n³ Iognte¡p

amäWw. IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw hoWXn\m amXm]nXm¡Ä¡pw Ab¡mÀ¡pw

_Ôp¡Ä¡pw ssZhP\¯n\pw kzmX{´yambXpt]mse BIpIbmWv \½psS [À½w.

AXn\pth−tXm? IÀ¯mhnsâ Ic¯n³Iogn \nc´cw \ne\nev¡Ww.

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IÀ¯m-hnsâ Icw IqsS-bp-Å-h³

^m. tPmÀPv Zm\thenÂ

a¡-fn-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡pI A]-am-\-hpw ssZhm-\p-{K-l-¯nsâ A`m-h-hp-ambn Icp-

Xn-bn-cp¶ kaq-l-¯n ssZh-¯nsâ ap¼n \oXn-\n-jvTcpw IÀ¯m-hnsâ Iev]-\-Ifpw

{]am-W-§fpw Ipä-a-ä-hn[w A\p-k-cn¨pw amXr-Im-Z¼XnI-fpambn Pohn-¨n-cp¶ kJ-

dnbmbv¡pw Fen-k-_-¯n\pw hmÀ²-Iy-¯n Hcp ]p{Xs\ \evIn-s¡m−p IcpW

ImWn-¡p¶ ssZh-s¯-bmWv C¶s¯ hnip-²-{K-Ù-hm-b-\-bn \mw Ip-ap-«p-I (-

eq¡m 1/57-þ66).

X§-fpsS hÀ²Iy¯n Hcp ]p{Xs\ \evIn X§-tfmSp IcpW ImWn-¨-Xn\p

{]Xn-\-µn-bmbn ‘ssZhw IcpW ImWn¨p’ F¶À°-apÅ ‘tbml-¶m³’ F¶ t]cv

Ipªn\p \evIm³ amXm-]n-Xm-¡·mÀ X¿m-dm-bn. bl-qZ]m-c-¼-cy-¯n Hmtcm

hyàn¡pw \evIp¶ t]cp-IÄ Gsd {][m-\-s -̧«-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p. t]cn-t\-¡mÄ D]-cn-bmb

AÀ°hpw hym]vXnbpw Pohn-X-]-Ým-¯-ehpw hÀ®n¡p¶-h-bm-bn-cp¶p t]cp-IÄ.

skaänIv ]mc-¼-cy-¯n BZy-Pm-X\p ]nXm-hnsâ t]cp-Xs¶ \evIp¶ ]Xn-hm-W-p-−m-bn-

cp-¶-Xv. AXp ]nXm-hnsâ Ah-Im-i-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p.

X§-fpsSt]cv IpSpw-_-¯nÂ\n¶v A{]-Xy-£-am-Im-Xn-cn-¡m³ blqZamXm-]n-Xm-

¡·mÀ B{K-ln-¨n-cp-¶p. Cu kl-N-cy-¯n-emWv Ab-ev¡mcpw _Ôp-¡fpw ]Xn-h-\p-k-

cn¨p inip-hn\p kJ-dnbm F¶p t]cn-Sm³ \nÀt±in¡p¶Xv. Cu \nÀt±is¯ BZyw

Fen-k-_¯pw ]n¶oSv kJ-dnbmbpw FXnÀ¡p-¶p. Xsâ \ymb-amb Ah-Imiw t]mepw

XyPn-¡m³ kJ-dnbm X¿m-dm-Ip-¶p. \½psSsbms¡ A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-¯n Zm\-sa-

t¶mWw \ap¡p e`n-¡p¶ \nc-h-[n-bmb A\p-{K-l-§sf, Hcp Zm\-ambn \µn-tbmsS

kzoI-cn-¡m³ \ap¡p km[n-¡p-¶pt−m? AtXm \ap¡p e`n-¡p-¶-sXÃmw \ap-¡Àl-X-

s -̧«-XmWv F¶-XmtWm \½p-sS `mhw. XnI¨pw Akm-²y-sa¶p Icp-Xm-hp¶ Ime-L-«-

¯n X§Ä¡p ssIh¶ al-¯mb `mKys¯ ssZh-¯nsâ Zm\-ambn, Icp-W-bmbn

kzoI-cn-¡p¶ kJ-dnbm-bp-sSbpw Fen-k-_-¯n-sâbpw at\m-`mhw \ap¡pw Bh-iy-

atÃ?

kJdnbm-bpsS \nÀt±ia-\p-k-cn¨p Ipªn\p ZqX³ \nÀt±in¨ tbml-

¶m³ F¶ t]cp \evIm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-¶-tXmsS kJdnbm-bpsS \mhnsâ _Ô\w

Agn-bp-I-bm-Wv. Fhn-sS-sbms¡ ssZthjvSa\p-k-cn¨p {]hÀ¯n¡m³ a\p-jyÀ X¿m-dm-

hp-¶pthm Ahn-sSsbÃmw AhcpsS hnhn-[-§-fmb _Ô-\-§-fn \n¶p a\p-jyÀ tamNn-

X-\m-hpw. CXn\v Hcp -]t£ Xsâ Ah-Im-i-§Ä F¶p Icp-Xp¶ ]eXpw AhÀ XyPn-

t¡--−Xmbn ht¶-¡mw. ]t£ _Ô-\-§-fn \n¶p tamNn-X-cmbn kt´m-jhpw

im´nbpw kam-[m-\hpw A\p- -̀hn-¡-W-sa-¦n ssZh-lnXw \½nepw \½psS

{]hÀ¯\§-fnepw \nd-th-äm³ \mw X¿m-dm-IWw. A½-bpsS hnc¯p-¼nÂXq§n Xncp-

\mÄ {]Z-£n-W-§-fn ]¦p-tN-cp¶ sIm¨p-Ip-«n-Isf \mw ]e-t¸mgpw ImWm-dp−-v. A½-

bpsS hnc¯p-¼n Xq§n ChÀ Npäp-apÅ ImgvN-I-sfÃmw I−v DÃ-kn¨p \S¡pw.

hmZy-taf§fpsS Xmf-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨v ChÀ Xmfw ]nSn-s¨¶p hcmw. F¶m {]Z-£n-W-

¯nsâ Xnc-¡n-\n-S-bn Ft¸m-sg-¦nepw A½-bpsS hnc¯p-¼n \n¶p Ip«n-bpsS ]nSn-

hn-«mtem Ip«n s]m«n-¡-c-bm³ XpS-§pw. Ip«n¡v ]ns¶ H¶pw Bkz-Zn-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.

Npäp-ap-Å-h-sc-t\m¡n A½sb It−m A½sb It−m F¶p tNmZn¨p Ic-bpw. F¶mÂ

Ft¸m-sg-¦nepw A½-bpsS hnc Xp¼n ho−pw ]nSn-¡m³ Ip«n¡p Ign-

ªm Ip«n BÀ¯p-Nn-cn¨v DÃ-kn-¡m³Xp-S-§pw. ImcWw Ip«n¡v Dd-¸p−v Xm³ A½-

bpsS hnc Xp¼n-emWv ]nSn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv, C\n H¶pw `b-s -̧Sm-\nà F¶v. C¶s¯

kphn-ti-j-¯n tbml-¶msâ P\-\-s -̄¡p-dn¨p hnh-cn-¨ tijw kphn-ti-j-I³ ]d-

bp-I-bm-Wv, ‘IÀ¯m-hnsâ Icw Ah-t\m-Sp -Iq-Sn-bp-−m-bn-cp-¶p’(-eq-¡ 1/66).

c£-Is\ {]Xo-£n-¨n-cp¶ P\-k-aq-ls¯ c£-Isâ hc-hn-\mbn Hcp-¡pI; CXm-

bn-cp¶p tbml-¶m-\n \n£n]vX-ambn-cp¶ ZuXyw. P\-§-fpsS Nn´-IÄ¡v Hcp ]pXnb

]mX sh«n-¯p-d¶v Ahsc bYmÀ° {]Imiw ImWn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m-\mWp tbml-¶m³

h¶-Xv. tbml-¶msâ Ime¯p P\-§-fn [\-k-¼m-Z-\-¯n-\pÅ tamlhpw BUw-_-c-

{]n-bhpw aäp-Å-h-cpsS ap¼n kz´w a-l¯zw {]ZÀin-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Xmev]-cyhpw

hym]Iambn-cp-¶p. `uXn-I- kp-J-¯n-\pÅ A`n-\n-th-ihpw `£-W-{]n-bhpw aZy-]m-\hpw

P\-§-fpsS Pohn-X-N-cy-bpsS `mK-hpambncp¶p. Cu kml-N-cy-¯n \ho-I-c-W -Zu-Xy-hp-

ambn F¯m-\m-bn-cp¶p tbml-¶m³ hnfn-¡-s -̧«-Xv. Xsâ Ime-L-«-¯nse \nb-{´-W-c-

ln-X-amb Pohn-X-co-Xn-IÄ¡p I\¯ shÃp-hnfn DbÀ¯m³ tbml-¶msâ Ejn-Xp-ey-

amb Pohn-X-¯n\p Ignªp. Xsâ ZuXyw \nÀÆ-ln¡p-¶-Xn\v Btcm-Ky-apÅ Hcp ico-

chpw am\-kn-Ihpw Bßo-b-hp-amb iàn D−m-I-Ww. AXn\v FÃm `uXn-Im-`n-em-j-§-

sfbpw hnIm-c-§-tfbpw \nb-{´n-t¡--Xp−-v. AN-©-e-\mbn a\p-jy-cpsS CS-bnÂ

{]hÀ¯n¡m³ tbml-¶msâ FÃm- i-àn-I-sfbpw \nb-{´-W-hn-t[-b-am-t¡-−n-bn-cp-¶p.

C¯cw Hcp PohnXw \bn-¡-W-sa-¦n B hyàn IÀ¯m-hnsâ Icw IqsS-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-

cn-¡-Ww.

-tbm-l¶m\v A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t¡−nh¶ Xc-¯n-epÅ P\-§-sf-sIm−p \nd-ªn-cn-

¡p¶ Hcp temI-¯n-emWp \man¶p Pohn-¡p-I. kzm`n-em-j-§Ä¡p Iogvs¸«p Pohn-¡p-

¶-h-cm-Wn-t¶-sdbpw. C¶v BÀ¡pw aäp-Å-hsc ]cn-K-Wn-¡mt\m {ihn-¡mt\m kvt\ln-

¡mt\m F´n-t\sd, H¶p t\cn ImWp-t¼m-sg-¦nepw ]p©n-cn¡mt\m Ign-bp-¶n-Ã,

kzmÀ°-X-bm-Wn-¶nsâ apJ-ap-{Z.

Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw Ah-c-h-cpsS Xm³ t]m-cn-a-bpsS Ih-Nhpw [cn¨p Ip¸n-bn-en« ISp-

Ip-t]mse H¶n-t\m-sSm¶p _Ô-an-ÃmsX Pohn-¡p-¶p. C¶pw ]e {]hm-N-I-i_vZ§fpw

apg-§p-¶p-ap-−v. F¶m AXn-s\m¶pw Ne-\-ap−-m-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. ImcWw

{]hmNIi_vZw apg-¡p¶ ]ecpw IÀ¯m-hnsâ Bßm-hn-\m \nd-ª-h-cà F¶-XmWp

bmYmÀ°yw.

\ap¡p \½psS Pohn-X-s -̄¡p-dn¨p Nn´n¡mw. \mw B-cp-Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶mepw

\½n \n£n-]vX-ambncn¡p¶ Hcp ZuXy-ap−-v. Cu ZuXyw hniz-kvX-tbmsS AN-©-e-

ambn AI-f-¦n-X-ambn \nd-th-äm³ \ap¡p km[n-¡-W-sa-¦n IÀ¯m-hnsâ Icw \t½m-

sSm¸w D−m-I-Ww. ‘ {InkvXp Cu hoSnsâ \mb-I³’ F¶p \½psS `h-\-¯n Fgp-Xn-h-

¨m am{Xw t]mcm,AhnSp¶v \½psS `h-\-¯nsâ \mb-I-\m-I-Ww. temI¯nsâ

i_vZtImeml-e-§-fn \n¶-I¶p ssZh-s¯- Ipdn¨p Nn´n¨p [ym\n¨p a\\w

sN¿m³, acp-`q-an-bnse hmkw tbml-¶ms\ klm-bn-¨p. Xsâ ZuXy-\nÀhl-W-¯n-\mbn

GIm-´-X-bn-eq-sSbpw {]mÀ°\bn-eq-sSbpw [ym\-¯n-eq-sSbpw Hcp-§nb tbml-¶m-\m-bn-

cn-¡s« \½psS amXrI. At¸mÄ IÀ¯m-hnsâ Icw \t½m-sSm- -̧ap-−mIpw; \½psS ]cn-

{i-a-§Ä hnP-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.

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hnkvabw XoÀ¡p¶ ssZhIcw

^m. ]n.tXmaÊv

ssZhw ImcpWyhm³ F¶À°apÅ tbml¶msâ P\\¯nepw PohnX¯nepw

{]hÀ¯\\ncXambncp¶ ssZhIc¯nsâ kuayiàn Xncn¨dnbm\pÅ km²yXbmWv

C¶s¯ kphntij¯n\pÅXv (eq¡m.1:59þ66). shfn¨¯n\p km£yw hln¡m³ h¶

tbml¶msâ P\\w Geoizm þ k¡dnbmZ¼XnIfpsS PohnX¯nse ssZhIcpWbpsS

A\p`hambncp¶p. AhÀ¡v e`n¨ ImcpWyw Ab¡mÀ¡pw _Ôp¡Ä¡pw kmtamZ

Imcnbmbn. F¶m tbml¶msâ ]ndhnbn \nKqVambncp¶ IcpWtbmsSm¸w

hnkvabhpw {]IoÀ¯nXamhpIbmWv. X§fpsS Ipªv ssZhIcpWbpsS hàmhpw

km£yhpambn \nev¡pw F¶ Xncn¨dnhn t]cnSensâ thfbn ]mc¼cyhgnIfnÂ

\n¶pamdn Ahsâ \maw GsXm¶mtWm A\zÀ°amt¡−Xv B e£yw ap¶n I

tbml¶m³ F¶p \nÀt±in¡p¶p. A½ kwkmcn¨p: "Ahs\ tbml¶m³

F¶phnfn¡Ww.' A¸³ Fgp¯p]eIbn FgpXn: "tbml¶m³'. At¸mÄXs¶

hnkvabIcambXv kw`hn¨p. \mhnsâ sI«pIÄ XIÀ¶p. kzX{´amb \mhv ssZhs¯

kvXpXn¨psIm−v kwkmcn¨p.

amk§tfmfw ZoÀLn¨ au\hnkvabw ssZhkvXpXnbpsS Bgtadnb

A\p`h¯ntâXmbncp¶p. au\¯nsâ Ime¯v B \mhn Xfw sI«n¡nS¶Xv

ssZhIoÀ¯\ambncp¶p. bqZbm\m«nse kwkmchnjbw tbml¶m\pw Ahsâ

amXm]nXm¡fpsS PohnXapbÀ¯nb hnkvab§fpambncp¶p. hnkvab§sf ImWm\pw

tIÄ¡m\pw Xncn¨dnbm\pw A§s\ hymJym\n¡m\pw Ignbp¶ [\yXbpsS

PohnX¯m AewIrXcmbncp¶p AhÀ. kzPohnX¯nepw ]cPohnX§fnepw A\pZn\w

kw`hn¨psIm−ncn¡p¶ CXc`n¶amb ssZhnICSs]S Ft¸mgpw hnkvab§Ä

XoÀ¡Ww. tbml¶msâ P\\¯nepw t]cnS thfbnepw D−mb hnkvabw "Cu

Ipªv Bcmbn¯ocpw' F¶p Nn´n¡phm³ FÃmhscbpw t{]cn¸n¨p. hyànIfneqsS

kaql¯n\v e`yamIp¶ A\p{Kl]c¼cIfmWv hnkvabw cNn¡p¶Xv. "IÀ¯mhnsâ

Icw Aht\mSpIqsS Dmbncp¶p' (eq¡m. 1:66). ssZh¯n\pw ssZhhN\¯n\pw

km£nIfpw Ahsâ i_vZ§fpamIp¶hÀ¡mbn eq¡m IcpXn h¨ncn¡p¶

{]tXyIXbmWv IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw AhtcmsSm¸ap−mbncp¶p F¶ {lkzhmIyw.

At´ymIymbn kphntijZqXv ]IÀ¶hsc¡pdn¨pw (A¸.{].11:21) CXpXs¶ bmWv

eq¡m D]tbmKn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. ^e{]Zamb ssZhhNt\m]mk\bpsS ip{iqj

\nÀÆln¡p¶hÀ¡pÅ IcpX {]tbmKamWnXv. IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw

]Xnªn«pÅhcmWv AhnSps¯ ØeImekmlNcy§fn ASbmfs¸Sp¯phm³

DÕpIcmIp¶Xv. IÀ¯rIcw ssZhnI]²XnIsf \S¸nem¡m³ hy{KXbpÅXmWv.

AhnSps¯ ap¼nepw ]n¼nepw IqsSbpw t]mIp¶hÀ, P\¯n\v ]m]tamN\w hgnbpÅ

c£sb Adnbn¡p¶hÀ, ssZhIcpWbpsS Dbc¯nÂ\n¶pÅ civansb IhÀ,

Ccpfnepw acW¯nsâ \ngenepw Ignbp¶hÀ¡v {]Imiw hoip¶hÀ,

kam[m\]mXIfnte¡v FÃmhcpsSbpw ]mZ§Ä \bn¡p¶hÀ, ]nXm¡fpsS

lrZb§sf a¡fnte¡v Xncn¡p¶hÀ, A\pkcWanÃm¯hsc \oXnam·mcpsS

hnthI¯nse¯n¡p¶hÀ, GenbmbpsS iànbpw ssNX\yhpw kz´am¡nbhÀ,

kÖoIrXamb P\Xsb IÀ¯mhn\mbn Hcp¡p¶hÀþF¶n§s\bmWv hnkvabs¯

DÅn hln¡p¶ k¡dnbmbpsS IoÀ¯\¯n IÀ¯mhnsâ Icw DÅhsc

]cnNbs¸Sp¯p¶Xv. ssZh lnXm\p hÀ¯\¯nsâ alna kwhln¡p¶hcmWv

IÀ¯r Ic§fpsS Iogn \nev¡p¶hÀ. AhcneqsSbmWv temI¯nsâ `mKt[bw

\nÀ®bn¡s¸Sp¶Xv. C¶seIfnepw \msfbpw C¶pw ssZh\ntbmK§sf

kw]qÀ¯nbnse¯n¡p hm\pÅ sIev¸v ssZhIc§Ä¡pw AXn³IognÂ

\nev¡p¶hÀ¡pw D−v. ssZhIcw ssZhcmPy\nÀ½nXnbn hy{KamWv. adbnÃm¯

amkvacnIX kphntij km£y¯nsâ khntijXbmWv; AXpXs¶bmWv

ssZhcmPy¯nsâ Icp¯pw.Pohn¡p¶ kphntij§fmIp¶ {]{InbbmWv

ssZhIc¯n Iognembncn¡p¶Xv. kIe ssZhnI Ir]mhc§fpw {]Zm\w sN¿p¶Xv

ssZh¯nsâ Icp¯päIc§fmWv. B´cnIamb kp\nÝnXXz¯nsâbpw _mlyamb

H¯p\nev]nsâbpw A`mh¯n kphntijw {]t_m[n¸n¡phmt\m ssZhcmPyw

{]tLmjn¡mt\m \ap¡v km[yaÃ. Ir]mhc¯n\p Øm\w \evImsX \mw

{]hÀ¯n¡pt¼mÄ kphntijw ^eclnXamIpw; ssZhIckwc£Ww

hnZqc¯nepamIpw. ssZhIcw IcpXensâ A£b km¶n²y amWv. ssZhIcw

iàamWv;I®oÀ XpS¡p¶ IcamWv; _elo\À¡v _ew \evIp¶XmWv.

ZpxJnXÀ¡mizmkamWv B Icw. lrZbw XIÀ¶hÀ¡v kuJyap−v B Ic¯nÂ.

`àÀ¡v IcpWbpw hni¡p¶hÀ¡v `£Whpw ssZhIc§fnep−v. \mw ]nd¶phoWXv

B Ic¯nemWv. hogpt¼mÄ Xm§p¶ IcamWXv. _elo\sc iàcnÂ\n¶p

c£n¡p¶Xpw Zcn{Zs\ IhÀ¨¡mcn \n¶v Im¡p¶Xpw IÀ¯rIcw Xs¶.

{]`p¡·msc Xmsgbnd¡p¶Xpw Imäns\bpw Xncamesbbpw AaÀ¯p¶Xpw

ssZhIcamWv. Iq\ns\ sXm«v \nhÀ¶v \nev¡m³ {]m]vXam¡p¶Xpw ssZhIcamWv.

A\pX]n¡p¶hs\ BtÇjn¡p¶Xpw A\p{Kl ¯nsâ BioÀÆmZw \evIp¶Xpw

ssZhIcamWv. AXnibw Im«p¶ ssZhw tbml¶msâta Icwh¨v \ap¡mbn

hnkvabsamcp¡pIbmWv. ssZhIc¯nsâ hnkvab§Ä PohnX]mTamIs«.

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