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SHARING IN BRIEF
• the different components of the language paper
• implications of each component
• ways to help your child
COMPONENTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE PAPER
Paper 1 (Writing) 1. Continuous Writing (40 marks)
2. Situational Writing (15 marks)
Total – 55 marks(27.5% of 200 marks)
Paper 2(Language Use and Comprehension)
1. Grammar2. Vocabulary3. Visual Text Comprehension4. Cloze Passages5. Editing6. Synthesis & Transformation7. Comprehension Open-ended
Total – 95 marks(47.5% of 200 marks)
Paper 3 (Listening Comprehension)
1. Listen to 7 texts Total – 20 marks (10% of 200 marks)
Paper 4 (Oral Communication)
1. Reading Aloud (10 marks)2. Sitmulus-based Conversation (20
marks)
Total – 30 marks (15% of 200 marks)
PAPER 1 : WRITING
Continuous Writing
Flexibility to choose appropriate text type:
• Narrative (fictional / non-fictional)
• Descriptive
• Expository
• Persuasive
Assessment on writing skills :
A given topic with 3 supporting pictures to offer different
angles of interpretation
HOW TO START WRITING?
• Begin with the end in mind ( how would you like to
conclude?)
• Are you able to relate to any similar situation,
experience or text / story you can refer?
• Make a list of words or phrases you can use (Spelling
Lists and Dictation Lists)
COMMON PROBLEMS FACED IN WRITING
• Clich´e introduction
• Jumping from one sequence to another, without
adequate description or elaboration.
• Problem and conflict is resolved too easily.
• Wrong choice of words or phrases.
• Rushed conclusion.
Mark Scheme of Situational Writing
• Task Fulfillment: 6 marks
• Language and Organisation: 9 marks
• TOTAL: 15 marks
What is the pupil expected to achieve?
Task Fulfillment (6 marks)
• Provide answers to all pointers• Understand PURPOSE, AUDIENCE
and CONTEXT
Language and Organisation(9 marks)
• Correct grammatical structures, spelling and punctuation
• Logical arrangement of ideas
Your Task
Imagine you are Mary, the president of the club. Write an email to Mrs Choo to request her help.
You are to refer to the given information for your letter.
In your letter, include the following information:· which club you belong to· the purpose of the club· when and where the camp will be held· what specific need you need from Mrs Choo· when Mrs Choo needs to reply you
You may reorder the points. Write in complete sentences.
1. Which club you belong to? (Mary, President of Sunny Club) Sunny Club
2. The purpose of the campinculcate a love for the outdoors
3. When15th to 16th November
4. Where the camp will be heldLagoon Park
5. What specific help you need from Mrs Choosupply the caps and writing materials needed for the camp
6. When Mrs Choo needs to reply to you7th October
Dear Mrs Choo
I am writing this email to request for your help.
Sunny Club will be holding a camp to inculcate a love of the outdoors (and adventure) in our (club) members. The camp will be held on 15th and 16th November at Lagoon Park.
I would like to request for you help to supply us with the caps and writing materials we need for the camp. Please let us know your response by 7th October so that I could make the necessary arrangements.
Thank you for your kind attention and I look forward to your favourable reply.
Best regards,Mary Tan
PAPER 2 : VISUAL TEXT COMPREHENSION
Merging of Graphic Stimulus and Comprehension
Visuals - pictures, graphs, diagrams, etc with text
Common problems faced by the pupils :
1. Do I understand what I have just read?
2. Do I know the main idea of the passage?
3. Do I know what the writer is trying to communicate to
me?
4. Do I know the answer to the question?
5. Do I know how to ask questions while reading?
Comprehension skills
1. skim through the text to get main idea
2. scan the text for details
3. sequence details
4. use contextual clues
5. make predictions
6. make inferences
7. make connections between text and personal
experiences
8. draw conclusions
PAPER 2 : COMPREHENSION OE
How do we make thinking
visible in EL teaching and
learning
Teacher Modelling
Think Aloud
Visible Thinking in an English Language classroom
Claim Evidence Reasoning
• Especially in teaching inferential question of Reading Comprehension
• Scaffold pupils to link the evidences to the claim
Answering Comprehension OE
ClaimState your idea or opinion
EvidenceSupport your idea or opinionwith an evidence from a text or source
ReasonExplain how theevidence supports your idea or opinion
Example
Claim
Bob should be the class
monitor.
EvidenceWhen our teacher isn’t in the classroom, he manages to keep the class quiet.
ReasonHe has leadership quality to be the class monitor.
Claim Evidence Reasoning
Another simple example,
Pizza is a healthy alternative to fast food.
Pizza is made with tomato sauce.
Tomato sauce has many vitaminsand minerals as well as antioxidants, so eatingpizza with tomato sauce can be a healthyalternative.
Close Reading - Annotation
It was the break of dawn. Tony, with his surfboard
under his arm, was standing on the shore watching
his buddy in the sea. Keith was paddling with his
hands in the water, trying to catch the incoming wave.
In one swift moment, he thrust himself up and was
riding the perfect wave, contented with the thrill he
was experiencing.
Q: What was thrill Keith experiencing?
It was the break of dawn. Tony, with his surfboard
under his arm, was standing on the shore watching
his buddy in the sea. Keith was paddling with his
hands in the water, trying to catch the incoming wave.
In one swift moment, he thrust himself up and was
riding the perfect wave, contented with the thrill he
was experiencing.
Q: What was thrill Keith experiencing?
It was the break of dawn. Tony, with his surfboard
under his arm, was standing on the shore watching
his buddy in the sea. Keith was paddling with his
hands in the water, trying to catch the incoming wave.
In one swift moment, he thrust himself up and was
riding the perfect wave, contented with the thrill he
was experiencing.
was not swimming.
He was going surfing.
Why?
morning, beginning of the day
not alone buddy
Keith
Answer:He was experiencing the thrill of surfing over the perfect wave.
PAPER 2 : COMPREHENSION CLOZE
Two cars crashed just outside our
school yesterday morning.
accident, injured, blood, ambulance,
fatal, responsibility, students
I had the best birthday party ever. fun, excitement, food, best birthday
celebration…
Two years ago, a medical examination
at school revealed that I was short-
sighted.
school, health check, vision is not
perfect, needs glasses …
Many children drown every year
because they do not know how to
swim.
drowning cases, reports, age group,
swimming pool, misadventure, misery of
parents, cause of accident…
Bob was in such a rush to get to work
on Friday morning that he slammed his
hand in the car door.
woke up late, stayed up late, alarm did
not ring, meeting that morning,
carelessness due to the rush…
First Sentence Clue
PAPER 2 : COMPREHENSION CLOZE
The Experience Clue
Example:
Jenny is straining her eyes to read what the teacher writes on the board. She needs to have her eyes ______ .
Chameleons have unique eyes. It can look in two directions at once and this helps it to ______ its prey.
PAPER 2 : COMPREHENSION CLOZE
The Comparison-And-Contrast Clue
Example:
As soon as I put my spectacles on, the usual blur that I had been accustomed to seeing around me was gone. I could see everything very _____.
PAPER 2 : SYNTHESIS & TRANSFORMATION
Transformation involving change in the form of words
Bob was regularly absent. His classmates noticed it. Bob’s regular absence was noticed by his classmates.
(adjective → noun)
Jane saw a dead rat in the kitchen. That filled her with horror. Jane was horrified to see a dead rat in the kitchen.
(noun → verb)
The stranger suddenly appeared behind Sue. He gave her a shock. The stranger’s sudden appearance behind Sue gave her a shock.
(verb → noun)
PAPER 2 : SYNTHESIS & TRANSFORMATION
Combining two sentences into one without changing its original meaning:
Examples
1. John went to bed early because he was too
tired to complete the project.
Answer
•Too tired to complete his project, John went to bed early. ✓
Common Mistake
•Too tired , John went to bed early. ✗
PAPER 2 : SYNTHESIS & TRANSFORMATION
3. The watch is too expensive. It is a waste of
money to buy it.
Answer
•To buy the expensive watch is a waste of money. ✓
Common Mistakes
•To buy the watch is too expensive and is a waste of
money. ✗
•To buy the watch is too expensive and it is a waste of
money to buy it. ✗
PAPER 4 : READING ALOUD / STIMULUS-BASED CONVERSATIONPaper 4: Oral Communication
1. Read Aloud Passage ( 10 mark )
2. Stimulus-based Conversation ( 20 mark )
PAPER 4 : READING ALOUD / STIMULUS-BASED CONVERSATION
Reading Aloud: How to score?
• clear and consistently good pronunciation
• fluent reading delivered with the appropriatepauses and without any hesitation
• appropriate variation of pitch and tone (expression)
PAPER 4 : READING ALOUD / STIMULUS-BASED CONVERSATION
Sample Prompts :
Would you be interested to buy the biscuits? Tell me why or why not?
Why do you think a maze game is given?
Classroom Activities / LessonsQuestioning Techniques and
Strategies :• CLARIFY• JUSTIFY
• POINTS OF VIEW
Stimulus-based Conversation
Pointers for Pupils
• Use sentence starters or connectors in conversations:
In my opinion…
I think that…
For example…
It would be great if…
Although I have not…, I think I would like to…
Pointers for Pupils• Remember to conclude. Consider using the
following to conclude your point(s):
Therefore,…
As a result,…
Is there a Model Answer?
• No model answer
• No right answer
• Pupils have to support their choices and opinions with reasons and try to give examples wherever applicable.
• Use the idioms and good choice of phrases the pupils have been using in writing and spelling lists
PAPER 4 : READING ALOUD / STIMULUS-BASED CONVERSATION
Stimulus–Based Conversation: How to score?
• gives personal responses which are relevant and well-developed
• expresses clearly and confidently using a wide range of vocabulary and good structures
• interacts well with examiner and shows initiative in introducing relevant ideas
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
1. Prior experiences
• Have you attended _______________ before?
• Tell me about a time when you _______________ (e.g. went for a camp, took part in a competition?).
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
2. People Questions• If you can bring someone along, who will it be and why? (e.g. to
take part in a competition?)
• If you are to give this to someone... (e.g. the brochure to
someone, an item chosen from the brochure)
• If you are to introduce this to someone... (e.g. an activity or a
promotion)
• Describe the personality of the person you have chosen and
reflect that as a reason for your choice in your answer. (e.g. I
would introduce this game to my cousin as she loves sports
the most. In fact, she will...)
3. Reflection and Opinion
• Why do you think it is important to _______________ ?
(e.g. recycle, practise water conservation?)
• What advice would you give... (e.g. to your neighbour
about water conservation?)
• What can you do to _______________ ? (e.g. help
recycle? spread the message of recycling to those
around your?)
• Do you think _______________ is possible in the
future? Why? (e.g. travelling in flying cars)
TYPES OF QUESTIONS
T
A
L
K
M
O
V
E
S
Revoicing“So you’re saying that....?”
Repeating“Can you repeat what he just said in
your own words?”
Reasoning“Do you agree or disagree? Why?”
Adding On“Can you add to what ______said?”
Wait Time“Take your time. We’ll wait!”
Adapted from Classroom Discussions: Using Math Talk to Help students Learn (2nd Edition) by Suzanne H. Chapin, Catherine O’Connor and Nancy Canavan Anderson
My own experiences or stories?
• English journal
• Learning journeys
• CCA experience
• Overseas immersion trips
• Family outings/overseas holiday trips
• School assembly talks
• Social Studies/ CME/FTGP
• Special school events – Festival concerts, RHD, National Day, Teachers’ Day, QifaCarnival, newspaper collection, classroom cleaning etc
EXTENSIVE READING
• NATIONAL GEOGRAPHY
• LITTLE RED DOT
Have conversations
Encourage sharing of their thoughts and opinions