Sergey Shleev, Dr. Sci., Assoc. Prof.

Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science & TechnologyFaculty of Health and SocietyMalmö University

Concentrations (powers).

How do we calculate different

concentrations?

Natural mixtures(e.g. physiological liquids)

Artificial mixtures

Origin

Qualitative description

mixture

1 g/L solution, diluted or concentrated?

Quantitative description

Concentrations

(lat. Concentratio – concentration, co-location)

the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with (an)other substance(s)

mass fraction; mass concentration

homogeneous heterogeneous

mixture

Mass versus volume(g/L)

Mole fraction/percentage [X, mol %] (% or number)

Mass fraction/percentage [weight-weight %, w/w%, or wt%](% or number)

Mass-volume fraction/percentage [% m/v or % w/v] (% or number)

Volume-volume fraction/percentage [% v/v](% or number)

Parts-per notation(e.g. ppm, ppb, ppt)

Molarity

Molality

Normality

(mol/L, M, CM)

(mol/kg, m, Cm)

(gram equivalents/L, N, CN)

NA=6.022.1023 mol-1

v=m/MwM (CM)=v/V

22.4 L

Powers

ba

a bbase Power (index of the base)

Concentrations in chemistry