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센서 네트워크
센서 네트워크 하드웨어
센서 네트워크 소프트웨어
센서네트워크
센서네트워크란?센서네트워크응용
센서네트워크의특성
센서네트워크구조
센서 Node Hardware Platforms센서 OS -- TinyOS, NesCAd-hoc 네트워크일반 Ad-Hoc 네트워크기술과 Sensor Network Ad-Hoc 네트워크기술의차이점
Sensor Network란?무선통신, 통신프로토콜, 컴퓨터네트워크, ASIC, 디지털공학, 로보틱스, MEMS, 센서등다양한분야접목으로센서네트워크를구현하여군사, 환경, 보건, 재난방재등에응용하는네트워크기술
Sensor Network – Military 응용
Sensor Network – Scientific ApplicationsB
ridge between the Internet and the physical
world
Bridge betw
een the Internet and the physical w
orld
Bridge between the Internet and the physical world
Bridge between the Internet and the physical world
Sensor Network Application AreasSmart HomeSeismic(지진의) Structure responseContaminant(오염) TransportMarine Microorganisms(미생물)Ecosystems(생태계), Bio-complexity(생물복합성)ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems )Healthcare Process Automation Military Intelligent Robot Automotive (Vehicle)Factory AutomationEtc.
Sensor Network 특성Large number of sensor nodes
Maybe 10 to 100,000 nodes (scalability)Node position may not be predeterminedLow Cost
Low energy consumptionTo relocate & recharge large number of nodes is impossibleLife time of sensor network (sensor node) depends on battery life time
Network self-organizationLarge number of nodes in hostile locations-> manual configuration unfeasibleNodes may fail, & new nodes join the networkAd-hoc sensor network protocols
Collaborative/Distributed processingLocally carry out simple computation -> forwards and aggregate data
Query ability (Sensor Database)Single node or group of nodesBase nodes collect data from given area & create summary messages
Sensor Networks 구조
Ad-hoc (single, multi-hop) network
Sensor Node Hardware PlatformsApplication, Cost, Power, Functionality, and Form Factor
Berkeley’s Motes/MICA/PicoNode/Smart DustUCLA iBadge, Medusa MK-IISensoria WINSMIT’s uAMPsJapanese T-EnginesEtc.
Berkeley MICA 구조Atmel ATMEGA103
4 Mhz 8-bit CPU128KB Instruction Memory4KB RAM
4 Mbit flash (AT45DB041B)SPI interface1-4 uj/bit r/w
RFM TR1000 radio50 kb/s – ASK
Network programming51-pin connector
Analog compare + interrupts
Atmega103 Microcontroller
TR 1000 Radio Transceiver 4Mbit External Flash
51-Pin I/O Expansion Connector
Power Regulation MAX1678 (3V)
DS2401 Unique ID
8 Analog I/O 8 Programming Lines
SPI B
us
CoprocessorHardware Accelerators
Digital I/O
TransmissionPower Control
Mica Sensor Board & Ultrasonic Transceiver
Light (Photo)TemperatureAcceleration
2 axis, Resolution: ±2mgMagnetometer
Resolution: 134μGMicrophoneTone DetectorSounder
4.5kHz
Used for rangingUp to 2.5m range6cm accuracyDedicated microprocessor25kHz element
Sensor Network OS센서운영체제
센싱 application과노드들간통신을위한작은운영체제요구사항
작은크기
작은전력소모
노드간의통신
프로세서와메모리관리
동시성다수의하위래벨이벤트 발생과상위레벨프로세싱을동시처리
TinyOS-Traditional SystemsWell established layers of abstractionsStrict boundariesAmple resourcesIndependent Applications at endpoints communicate point-point through routersWell attended
User
System
Physical LayerData LinkNetwork
TransportNetwork Stack
Threads
Address Space
Drivers
Files
Application
Application
Routers
by comparison ...Highly Constrained resources
processing, storage, bandwidth, powerApplications spread over many small nodes
self-organizing Collectives highly integrated with changing environment and networkcommunication is fundamental
Concurrency intensive in burstsstreams of sensor data and
network trafficRobust
inaccessible, critical operationUnclear where the
boundaries belong
=> Provide a framework for:
• Resource-constrained concurrency
• Defining boundaries
• Appl’n-specific processing
allow abstractions to emerge
TinyOS (1)TinyOS센서네트워크와같은임베디드네트워크시스템을위해특별히고안된운영체제
작은데이터메모리
이벤트기반의어플레케이션과 코어로구성
어플리케이션에따라크기는수백바이트에서수백킬로바이트
TinyOS 특성컴포넌트(Component) 기반의구조어플리케이션들이구현에필요한각각의컴포넌트들을연결속성(Wiring Specification)을이용하여연결하여구성
태스크, 이벤트기반의동시성구분된 동작
명령어들이동작의실행을요청하게되면, 즉시명령들은리턴(Return) 하게되고, 완성에대한통보는이벤트를통해신호되는구분된동작
Tiny OS (2)Scheduler + Graph of Components
constrained two-level scheduling model: threads + events
Component:Commands & Event HandlersCommand & Event interfaceFrame (storage)Tasks (concurrency)
Constrained Storage Modelframe per component, shared stack, no heap
Very lean multithreadingEfficient Layering
Messaging Component
init
Pow
er(m
ode)
TX_p
acke
t(buf
)
RX_
pack
et_d
one
(buf
fer)
Internal State
init
pow
er(m
ode)
send
_msg
(add
r, ty
pe, d
ata)
msg
_rec
(type
, dat
a)
msg
_sen
d_do
ne)
internal thread
Commands Events
bit_cnt++ bit_cnt==8
Send Byte Eventbit_cnt = 0
No
YesStart
Done
Complete TinyOS Application
Application = Graph of Components
Example: ad hoc, multi-hop routing of photo sensor readings
RFM
Radio byte
Radio Packet
UART
Serial Packet
ADC
Temp photo
Active Messages
clocksbit
byte
pack
et
Route map router sensor appln
appl
icat
ion
HW
SW
3450 B code226 B data
Graph of cooperating state machines on shared stack
NesC정의
TinyOS의특성을지원하기위해고안된프로그램언어C 언어의확장
구성컴포넌트양방향인터페이스
특징테스크와이벤트들에기반한동시성모델을제공
NesCC 언어 User
Ad-hoc 네트워크 (1)What is Ad Hoc Network?
In Latin, ad hoc mean “for this,” further meaning “for this purpose only.”
All nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically in an arbitrary manner.
No default router available.
Potentially every node becomes a router: must be able to forward traffic an on behalf of others.
Two types of wireless networksInfrastructured network
A network with fixed and wired gateways.
When a mobile unit goes out of range of one base station, it connects with new base station.
Infrastructureless (ad hoc) networks All nodes of these networks behave as routers and take part in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes.
Ad-hoc 네트워크 (2)
기존의기지국기반의통신인플라를사용하지않고무선인터페
이스를사용해패킷데이터를전송하는무선노드로구성된네트
워크
Ad-hoc 네트워크내의노드들은라우터와호스트로동시에이용될수있기때문에다른노드의패킷을중계할수있고, 어플리케이션을실행시킬수있다. Ad-hoc 네트워크의가장큰매력은완전히독립적으로존재한다는것이다. 사용자가네트워크내에서더많은자유와유연성을얻게된다.
The Properties of Protocols (For Routing)
A routing protocol should be distributed
Assume routes as unidirectional links
Power efficient
Consider its security
Two Main categories of ProtocolsTable Driven Routing Protocols
Pro-active, learn the network’s topology before a forwarding request comes in
On-Demand Routing ProtocolsRe-active, become active only when needed
Hybrid protocols can be preferred
일반 Ad-Hoc 네트워크기술과Sensor Network Ad-Hoc 네트워크기술의차이점
The number of sensor nodes in a sensor network can be several order of magnitude higher than the nodes in an ad hoc network
Sensor nodes are densely deployed
Sensor nodes are prone to failures
The topology of a sensor network changes very frequently
Sensor nodes mainly use a broadcast communication paradigm, whereas most ad hoc networks are based on point-to-point communication
Sensor nodes are limited in power, computational capacities, and memory
Sensor nodes may not have global identification (ID) because of the large amount of overhead and large number of sensors
센서네트워크하드웨어
AVR CC1000Sensor Network 플랫폼구조Sensor 보드ISP
AVR 특징Atmel's AVR® microcontrollers
RISC core running single cycle instructions I/O
Internal oscillatorsTimers, UART, SPI, pull-up resistors,pulse width modulation, ADCanalog comparatorand watch-dog timers
AVR instructions are tuned to decrease the size of the program whether the code is written in C or Assembly. With on-chip in-system programmable Flash and EEPROM, the AVR is a perfect choice in order to optimize cost and get product to the market quickly.
AVR 패밀리의종류와특징Tiny 시리즈
RAM이없거나적은모델이대부분이며핀수또한적어서간단한어플리케이션에적합하다.
AT90S 시리즈RAM의크기는보통으로 8051과비슷하거나더나은성능을제공한다.
Mega 시리즈플래쉬메모리와램의용량이크고핀수또한많아서복잡한어플리케이션에적합하다.
http://www.atmel.com
ATmega 128- 8bit Microcontroller with 128K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash
Advanced RISC 구조On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
Nonvolatile program and data Memories128K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash, 4K Bytes EEROM, 4K Bytes Internal SRAM, SPI 인터페이스 for In-System Programming
JTAG 인터패이스Peripheral 특징
Timer, RTC, 8-ch 10bit ADC, SPI, Watchdog timerSpecial Microcontroller 특징
내부 Calibrated RC 오실레이터, Software Selectable Clock Frequency, Atmega103 Compatibility Mode Selected by a fuse
I/O and Packages53 Programmable I/O Lines, 64-lead TQFP and 64-pad MLF
Operating Voltages2.7(4.5) – 5.5V(5.5V) for ATmega128L(ATmega128)
Speed Grades0 – 8 MHz(16MHz) for ATmega128L(ATmega128)
ATmega 128L 블록다이어그램
AVR CORE
UART0
Timer, Interrupt …
SPI
UART1
ADC
CC1000 RF 트랜시버Single IC TransceiverDual Band 433MHz and 915MHz ISM Bands38.4KBit/sec Data Rate FSKLow Power Requirements
16mA Tx / 9mA RxProgrammable Configuration
RF Channels within Band – Frequency HopRF Transmitter Power Data Rate
Chipcon CC1000 블록다이어그램
Chipcpon-Atmega128L 인터페이스Configuration Interface Communication Interface
Data uses Atmega128L SPI PortCC1000 is SPI Master
SPI PortRx Double Buffer (more later)Tx Single Buffer (more later)
RF Modulation - FSKFrequency Shift Keying (FSK)
1/0 represented by two different frequencies slightly offset from carrier frequency
64KHz Separation
Manchester EncodingEvery Bit (Zero or One) has a transition Simplifies Clock Recovery at ReceiverImplemented in CC1000 hardware
Sensor Network 플랫폼구조Atmel ATmega128L
32 kHz crystal and 4 Mhz (7.3728 MhzMica2) crystal10 bit ADCUART SPI busI2C bus
Radio (RFM or Chipcon CC1000)External serial flash memory(512kbyte)Connectors for interfacing to sensor and programming boards3 programmable LEDSJTAG port
ATmega 128L
Serial Flash
LEDS
Radio
External Connectors
CC 1000 Radio 인터페이스Dedicated CPU bus (lines) to configure radio registers for radio frequency, power,…Dedicated SPI bus for data transfer. CC1000 is bus master. Radio generates one interrupt every 8bits when in receive mode.More in-depth radio discussion later in session ~20msec38K
~40msec19K
Rcv Time(*)Baud Rate
(*) Does not include random delay
안테나 컨텍터
Control Signal Lines
Typical CC1000 application circuit
Bill of materials for the application circuit
Flash Memory 인터페이스512 Kbytes of flash (non-volatile) storageUseful for data loggingUsed by Task (Tiny Application Sensor Kit) and TinyDB for data loggingUsed by XNP for code downloadSerial interface to Atmega 128L MicrocontrollerTinyOS driver (Logger…) bit bangs interfaceAttached to 2xuart port. Another driver (UCB) uses synchronous usart for high speed data transfer(5KB/Sec driver) Beware, device consumes 15mA when storing to meory
Control Lines
ADC 인터페이스Eight channels of 10bit ADC, Multiplexed.Dedicated channels
ADC0 : Radio’s RSSIShared WSN Channels
ADC7 : Battery monitor (can be shared with another channel but will have ~10K ohm Impedance.)ADC4 to ADC7: JTAG. If using JTAG debug these channels won’t work as ADC inputs
ADC 8ch
RS232 인터페이스
External ConnectorsAnalog VCC
CdSe광센서
온도센서
Sensor- light Temperature
ISP (In System Programmer) ISP 정의시스템에프로그래밍을위한회로
커넥터가마련이되어있어서따로롬라이터를이용하지않고도PCB 기판상에서프로그래밍이가능하도록하는도구일반롬라이터는전원과클럭을롬라이터자체적으로공급
ISP는 PCB 회로상의전원과클럭을이용장점회로추가로시스템의디버깅이용이하고업그레이드가쉬운시스템을만들수있다
단점부피가커지고제품단가가올라간다
ISP 인터페이스-STK100/STK200/STK300 ISP
Kanda사에서공급받아서 ATMEL에서판매하는 Starter KitSTK는기본적인테스트를할수있는 evaluation board와 ISP 프그래머를포함
STK100은 Tiny 시리즈용STK200은 AT90S 시리즈용STK300은Mega 시리즈용
ISP 인터페이스-STK200 ISP 다운로더케이블
Dummy Parallel ISP (1)
Dummy parallel ISP란 PC의병렬케이블을직접 AVR에연결하여프로그래밍하는방식이다(병렬케이블커넥터와점퍼선만있으면된다)
Dummy Parallel ISP (2)Linux용 gdb를이용하여런타임디버거로이용할수있다UISP 리눅스용으로개발된 ISP 소프트웨어Dummy parallel ISP 뿐만아니라 STK200, STK300등을지원 Altera의CPLD 프로그래밍툴인 Byte BlasterMV도지원
UISP(Win9x) Version 0.1.0.6AT90S 시리즈프로그래밍가능, Win9x, WinNT(???)
UISP(Win9x) Version 0.1.1.0 betaAT90S 시리즈프로그래밍가능, Win9x, WinNT(???)
UISP(Linux)AT90S 시리즈프로그래밍가능, 리눅스용
전체시스템구성도
Wire sensor Network Board
Battery Life ConsumptionTwo models:
1% duty cycle0.5% duty cycle
Conclusion:To achieve multi-year battery life, must sleep most of the time.
Ratio Metric ADCs & SensorsAtmega 128 is 10bit (1024) ratio metric ADCIf sensor is ratio metric then don’t have to measure battery voltage. (Sensor’s FS changes with battery voltage).Ratio metric sensors may not work over full range of battery voltage, be careful.ADC full scale is proportional to battery voltage.Must measure battery voltage to get accurate sensor readings:
Battery Volts = RefVolt*ADC_FS/data
WSN have on-board voltage references to calibrate the ADC full scale.
센서네트워크소프트웨어
ICCAVRPonyPro2000TinyOS
ICCAVR-http://www.imagecraft.com
ImageCraft사의 AVR 전용 IDE(ANSI C tools)
register allocation, peephole, dead code
elimination, ...
AVR studio
nonolimit of devices
Atmel 1200 and
tinyAVRs
ICCtiny
built-in ISP
support
register allocation, peephole
AVR Studio,Flash
Studio+
yesyes up to 128K bytes
AtmelAVRs &
MegaAVRs
ICCAVRProfessional
built-in ISP (In-System
Programmer)
support
register allocation, peephole
AVR Studio,Flash
Studio+
no yes up to 64K bytes
AtmelAVRs &
MegaAVRs
ICCAVRStandard
OtherFeatures
Optimizations
DebuggersCodeCompressor
CodeBrowser
Code Memory
Size
TargetCPU’s
Product
ICCAVR
Editors
Status
Project files
ICCAVR 설정 - Paths
사용자정의Output 디렉토리
설정
ICCAVR 설정 – Compiler
Intel Hex포맷으로설정
ICCAVR 설정 – Target
ATmega128 설정
내부메모리설정은디바이스설정시에자동으로설정
ICCAVR- Getting Started 1. Project>New2. Project name and path3. Project>Options4. In the Paths options, enter “user dir” In the output directory5. In the Compiler options, check “Accept C++ Comments” and “Intel HEX” as
the “output format”6. In the Target options, select “Atmega128” under “Device Configuration”7. Write the source code8. Add the source file to the project by selecting “Project>Add File (s)” and
select the file just written9. Compile by selecting “Project>Make Project” or by clicking on the “build”
icon10. Open AVR ISP and download the hex file located in the “user dir” folder into
the device
PonyPro2000 설정 - Device ISP Downloader
ATmega128설정
PonyPro2000 설정 - Interface SP Downloader
Avr ISP I/OLPT1
Setup
Probe 버턴을눌렀을때 Test fail 메시지가나오면ISP 다운로더검사
PonyPro2000 설정 - Calibration
버스타이밍측정-측정하는동안 CPU와 Hard disk는Idle 상태가된다
PonyPro2000 설정 –Fuse bit read ISP Downloader
1.아이콘클릭2.Command>Security and Configuration Bits3. Ctrl-s
PonyPro2000 사용 TIP첫째, 자신이사용하는 AVR 모델을지원하기만한다면가급적 v2.06c를사용하시지말고 v2.05a를사용하십시오. 구버전이더빠릅니다. 그러나, 예를들어 ATmega8515를사용하신다면이는구버전에서지원하지않으므로반드시 v2.06c를사용해야합니다.
둘째, Calibration을하십시오.
셋째, Avr ISP API보다는 Avr ISP I/O로설정하는것이더빠릅니다.
넷째, Verify는꼭하실필요가없습니다. 대부분의경우속도가느린것은 Verify 동작인데, 위의답변처럼 Verify를금지하거나 Verify 도중에중지하셔도상관없습니다.
다섯째, PonyProg2000을실행한후에그안에서반복적으로 HEX 파일또는 ROM 파일을불러다가다운로드하지말고, 반드시한번실행하고나면바탕화면으로나왔다가다시 PonyProg2000을실행하십시오. PonyProg2000은첫번째실행은빠른데그안에서반복적인동작을하면현저히느려집니다.이는프로그램의버그로보입니다.
PonyPro2000 Fuse bit 설정Fuse bit의정의
Hardware적인Microcontroller 옵션설정ISP를이용하여설정한다.STK200 케이블인경우체크하면 0 이라이팅된다PonyProg2000에서는 0이셋이다.
Fuse 설정내용Flash Lock, Boot Lock103호환모드, Watch dog ENJTAG EN, SPI EN, CKOPTBoot 영역
TinyOS 구성TinyOS, TinyOS Tools, nesCCygwin (An icon for Cygwin will appear on your Desktop when TinyOS 1.1.0 is installed)Support ToolsJava 1.4 JDK & Java COMM 2.0GraphvizAVR Tools
avr-binutilsavr-libcavr-gccavariceAvr-insight
TinyOS 설치 (1)Insert the Crossbow TinyOS Support Tools CD-ROM into CD drive of your PC.
This is the initial screen that appears. Open up a window to display the contents of the CD-ROM. Then click on the folder TinyOS Install/and then double click on tinyos-1.1.0is.exe
TinyOS 설치 (2)After you click on the tinyos-1.1.0-1is.exe, the Install Shield Wizard appears. This step may take several minutes.
TinyOS 설치 (3)Choose between Complete and Custom install. A Custom install allows the user to choose the features that are installed. A Complete install includes all of the above features (recommended). The user chooses the destination directory. Any chosen features are installed under that destination directory. Hereafter the destination directory is referred to as<install dir>
TinyOS 설치 (4)JDK If the user choose to install the JDK module, a dialog asking if the user has read Sun’s terms and conditions appears. If the user selects No, then setup is ended
If the user selects Yes, then the setup continues to another screen (not shown). Verify the install directory and setup type; click on Next> proceed or <Back to make changes.
TinyOS 설치 (5)The screen on the left appears when the IS wizard is copying files from the CD-ROM to your hard driver.
After this step completes, another window (not shown) will appear which says, “The setup will now install Cygwin (if it was selected) as well as any necessary ROMS.” Click on Continue.
TinyOS 설치 (6)
Cygwin. If the user chooses to install Cygwin and any necessary RPMs by clicking on the Continue button, the 1.1.0 cygwin package tree is copied over to a directory called <install dir>/cygwin-installation files/. Setup.exe. Is called to perform automatic installation of those files in <install dir>/cygwin
TinyOS 설치 (7)
Necessary RPMs. After the
Cygwin setup is complete,
installation of the RPMS
immediately follows. This is the
most lengthy step. On some PCs
it takes at least 60 minutes. This
step also compiles the java files
(as seen to the left). After this,
you are done!
Cygwin- http://www.cygwin.com정의
cygwin은레드햇에서개발된윈도우를위한유닉스환경
구성DLL(cygwin1.dll)유닉스 API의기능을제공하는유닉스에뮬레이터
유닉스로부터포팅(porting) 된 tool의모음장점
Linux/Unix로할수있는일의대부분을윈도우환경아래에서 cygwin을이용
제품을무료로사용, 원본을임의로수정하여재배포하는것도가능(GPL 라이센스(GNU Public License))Linux/Unix 환경으로개발된소프트웨어를윈도우운영체제에서사용
Updating to TinyOS 1.1.5Save your previous work. We recommend making a tarball of your entire TinyOS-1.x directory and saving it someplace (bake up)Copy to a C:\drive directory of your choice the file tinyos-1.1.5Mar2004cvs-1.cygwin.noarch.rpm which is in the TinyOS support Tools CDROM.Install: Open Cygwin by double-clicking on the Cygwin icon on your desktop. Be sure that you have administrator privileges. Then type.
Rpm –force –ignoreos –Uvh tinyos-1.1.5Mar2004cvs-1.cygwin.noarch.rpm
in the directory where you saved the rpm. This will take a while (the tinyospackage installation includes compiling the java code). TinyOS is installed in /opt/tinyos-1.x.You’re done! Check the documentation in opt/tinyos-1.x/doc/index.html for more information. See “Installing and Updating Packages “if you want to install any optional packages.
Copy the Crossbow TinyOS Directory (xbow/) into the contrib/Directory
Crossbow has developed a number of firmware applications that are not in the main tinyos-1.x/apps/ directory. They are on the TinyOS Support Tools CDROM as a zip file and need to be copied into thetinyos-1.x/contrib/ directory.
Verify that a directory called contrib exists under the tinyos-1.x directory. That is it is at the same level as the apps/ directory.
Copy the xbow.tgz file in the CDROM>Crossbow Software into the opt/tinyos-1.x/contrib/ directory. Unzip the file there. When complete, you should see a folder (directory) called xbow directly under the contrib directory.
TinyOS 설치구조
TinyOS PC Tools VerificationA TinyOS development environment requirement
Gcc compiler, perl, flex. Cygwin, JDK1.4.x
ToscheckOpen a Cygwin window by double-clicking on the icon that should be on your desktop.Chang into the opt/tinyos-1.x/tools/scripts/directory and run toscheck
cd /opt/tinyos-1.x/tools/scripts toscheck
The last line of the output should be:
toschecktoscheck completed without errorcompleted without errorIf any errors are reported, make sure to fix the problem
프로그램환경설정하기-RF 주파수설정
(915Mhz)
cd /opt/tinyops-1.x/tos/platform/mica2CC1000Const.h
#define CC1K_DEF_PRESET (CC1K_914_077MHZ)
프로그램환경설정하기 - uart baud rate 설정(19200kbs)
cd /opt/tinyops-1.x/tos/platform/mica2HPLUART0M.nc
Outp(24, UBRR0L);
UBBR Settings at Various CPU Frequencies (Normal Mode)
Double Speed= Normal x 2-> 12 x 2 =24
Equations for Calculating Baud Rate Register Setting
프로그램환경설정하기-Makefile Programmer 설정하기(stk)
cd /opt/tinyops-1.x/appMakerules
PROGRAMMER_FLAGS=-dprog=stk200 $(PROGRAMMER_PART) $(PROGRAMMER_EXTRA_FLAGS)PRPGRAMMER := STK200
프로그램환경설정하기-Makefile output file Hex로출력하기
cd /opt/tinyops-1.x/appMakerules
MAIN_HEX = $(BUILDDIR)/main.hex
UISP 사용하여 Fuse Bit 읽기
uisp –dprog=stk200 –dpart=ATmega128 –rd_fuses
UISP 사용하여 Fuse Bit 쓰기
JTAG Enableuisp –dprog=stk200 –dpart=ATmega128 –wr_fuse_h=0xd9
JTAG Disableuisp –dprog=stk200 –dpart=ATmega128 –wr_fuse_h=0xd9
Blink Application 실행하기 (1)
cd /opt/tinyops-1.x/app/Blink
Blink Application 실행하기 (2)
make mica2
../build/mica2에main.srec와main.hex생성
Blink Application 실행하기 (3)
make reinstall mica2Compile과 Download 함께하기
Make install mica2