seminarska teks. vlakna

8/10/2019 seminarska teks. vlakna

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18370

, 2014


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1. ..............................................................................................................42. .................................................................................................................4

3. ........................................................6

3.1. .............................................................................8

3.2. .............................................................................8

3.2.1. ...................................................................................................9

3.2.2. ....................................................................10

3.2.3. ()...............................................................................10

4. ...............................11

5. .......................................................11

6.......................................................................................... ...................137. ......................................................................................14


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FIBERS OF CRUST - LINEN

Apstract

In the seminar work is a brief description of the coral linen fibers, the way of obtaining

flax fiber and its technical characteristics.

Initially described are general terms for Leno, given ways to obtain technical fibers or

getting tow and skein. Given the structure, thickness and length properties, chemical

composition of cellulose, pectin, protein and wax. Finally given the use od the linen

fibers.

Key words:skein, tow, cellulose, pectin, protein and wax.


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1. ( INTRODUCTION)

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2.( LINEN )

. (Linium usita)

( 1).

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.


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1. Linum usitatissimum( ), ()

Figure 1. Linum usitatissimum (left),field with flax plant (right)

(85% ).

, .

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. 160120cm.

100 . , , .

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80cm, 1,5mm I .

5cm I .

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4 :

- - 1,5mm,

- - 1,6 - 2,0 mm

- - 2,12,5 mm

- - 2,5mm.


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: -

1,3-1,7 mm, 70-120cm,

90-95% ,

18%.

,

, ( 2.)

2.

Figure 2. Cross-section of flax fiber

3. (GETTING TECHNICAL

FLAX FIBER )

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14 .

( 3.).

.


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3.

Figure 3. Clean linen tree leaves and seeds

4.

Figure 4. From flax plant to beautiful Irish linen


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3.1. (NATURAL IMMERSION )

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( ).

3-8 .

2-4 . (25 27 C) 298300

85 95 . 12 13

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, 293 295 K (2022 C).

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8 10 .

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3.2. (ARTIFICIAL IMMERSION )

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. ( 0,5 0,9 % )

90 - 100 C.


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4%

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17% . , ,

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3.2.1. ( RUBBING)

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5. (), ()

Figure 5. Hand trijalka with ribbed bijach (left) , Belgian hand trijalka (right)


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3.2.2. ( TOSS OF POZDER )

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3.2.3. ( ) - SCRATCHING

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6-7 , 12 , 2/3

1/3 .

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100 250kg.


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4.

( STRUCTURE AND MICROSCOPIC APPEARANCE OF FLAX FIBERS )

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20 50mm.

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5.

(PROPERTIES AND USES OF FLAX FIBER)

100-400 ( m)

300-900mm. ,

500mm. .

1,5g/.

, 30-40%

. 2-4%. ,

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20% . 20 C 65%

12% . , .

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- 89%

- 2,5%

- 2-6% .

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. 0,5-1,3%.

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6. (CONCLUDING REMARKS )

Linum usitatissimum

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60 100 cm 2 3 mm.

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220 0. , . :

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7. ( REFERENCES )

1... (2013). - ,

-

2... , .. (1992). I

3., (2014). , .

28.11.2014 http://mk.wikipedia.org
http://mk.wikipedia.org/http://mk.wikipedia.org/http://mk.wikipedia.org/

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