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SELENIUM Handbook

-a basic referential guide to Selenium

By

Sreedhar Reddy (Test Architect)

QAPlanet SELENIUM Handbook - -a basic referential guide to Selenium ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Introduction:

2. History of Selenium

3. What is Selenium?

4. Selenium Types:

5. Selenium IDE Installation Steps:

6. IDE Features

7. Recording

8. Selenium Commands Selenese

9. Commonly Used Selenium Commands

10. Locating Elements:

11. Basic Examples:

12. Test Suite Creation:

13. Useful Selenium Add-Ons:

14. about User Extensions

15. Selenium Commands for verification

16. Selenium IDE Commands for handling alerts

17. Java Script

18. Example programs:

19. Selenium Core

20. Selenium-RC

21. Selenium Grid:

22. Advantages and Limitations:


1. Introduction:

Out of the many open source test automation tools available today, there is one tool that become very popular in recent times Selenium.

Selenium is a web application test automation tool which provides many features and a wide range of support which makes it an instant choice for automating most of the web applications.

Selenium provides the automation engineer the choice of running the automation scripts in a wide range of browsers and with the language support it has, on wide range of operating systems too.

But there are certain things the automation engineer needs to be aware of before he jumps into understanding selenium. The automation engineer needs to have a basic knowledge of the following things:

1. HTML 2. XML 3. Xpaths 4. Document Object Model(DOM) 5. JavaScript (only a basic knowledge on how events are triggered etc.) 6. Any one of the following language to build a full-fledged test suite Perl, Python, Ruby,

Java, C#, PHP. 7. Basic object oriented programming concepts.

Once we are sure that we have the basics of the above mentioned seven points let us move on into what selenium is all about and various types of selenium.

2. History of Selenium

In 2004 invented by Jason R. Huggins and team. Original name is JavaScript Functional Tester [JSFT] Open source browser based integration test framework built originally by Thoughtworks. 100% JavaScript and HTML Web testing tool That supports testing Web 2.0 applications Supports for Cross-Browser Testing(ON Multiple Browsers) And multiple Operating Systems Cross browser IE 6/7, Firefox .8+, Opera, Safari 2.0+


3. What is Selenium?

Acceptance Testing tool for web-apps Tests run directly in browser Selenium can be deployed on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh. Implemented entirely using browser technologies -

o JavaScript o DHTML o Frames

4. Selenium Types:

There are 4 types in Selenium, each for a specific purpose. They are as follows:

1. Selenium IDE 2. Selenium Remote Control 3. Selenium Core 4. Selenium Grid

The more detail information about these will be given in later in the document. But let us have a brief introduction about each of these to make ourselves comfortable.

Selenium IDE is a Firefox plugin which is a record replay tool of Selenium. User can record the actions performed on the browser and replay it. User also has an option to write his own scripts, save the scripts and develop test suites using Selenium IDE.

Selenium Remote Control on the other hand is used when more robust scripts are to be developed. Using any of the languages listed previously user can build test suites which are robust and can run on different platforms, unlike IDE which can run scripts only on Firefox.

Selenium Core usage is similar to Selenium RC except that the scripts which use selenium core can only be run on the server where the web application is deployed.

Selenium Grid as the name suggests, is used to organize several Selenium RC's and run the scripts on different machines from a central location where Selenium Grid is available.

Now let us get some hands on on Selenium IDE to understand Selenium better.


Working with Selenium IDE:

Above is a snapshot of how Selenium IDE looks.

5. Selenium IDE Installation Steps: To install Selenium IDE just goto http://seleniumhq.org/projects/ide/ click on

download Selenium. It will be added to your Firefox add-on list.


Restart Firefox and you should be able to open it from Tools --> Selenium IDE.

6. IDE Features Menu Bar The File menu has options for Test Case and Test Suite (suite of Test Cases). Using these you can add a new Test Case, open a Test Case, save a Test Case, export Test Case in a language of your choice. You can also open the recent Test Case. All these options are also available for Test Suite. The Edit menu allows copy, paste, delete, undo, and select all operations for editing the commands in your test case. The Options menu allows the changing of settings. You can set the timeout value for certain commands, add user-defined user extensions to the base set of Selenium commands, and specify the format (language) used when saving your test cases. The Help menu is the standard Firefox Help menu; only one item on this menuUI-Element Documentationpertains to Selenium-IDE.

Toolbar The toolbar contains buttons for controlling the execution of your test cases, including a step feature for debugging your test cases. The right-most button, the one with the red-dot, is the record button.

Speed Control: controls how fast your test case runs.

Run All: Runs the entire test suite when a test suite with multiple test cases is loaded.

Run: Runs the currently selected test. When only a single test is loaded this button and the Run All button have the same effect.

Pause/Resume: Allows stopping and re-starting of a running test case.

Step: Allows you to step through a test case by running it one command at a time. Use for debugging test cases.

TestRunner Mode: Allows you to run the test case in a browser loaded with the Selenium-Core TestRunner. The TestRunner is not commonly used now and is likely to be deprecated. This button is for evaluating test cases for backwards compatibility with


the TestRunner. Most users will probably not need this button.

Apply Rollup Rules: This advanced feature allows repetitive sequences of Selenium commands to be grouped into a single action. Detailed documentation on rollup rules can be found in the UI-Element Documentation on the Help menu.

Record: Records the users browser actions.

Test Case Pane

Your script is displayed in the test case pane. It has two tabs, one for displaying the command and their parameters in a readable table format.

7. Recording Many first-time users begin by recording a test case from their interactions with a website. When Selenium-IDE is first opened, the record button is ON by default. If you do not want Selenium-IDE to begin recording automatically you can turn this off by going under Options > Options... and deselecting Start recording immediately on open.

During recording, Selenium-IDE will automatically insert commands into your test case based on your actions. Typically, this will include:

clicking a link - click or clickAndWait commands entering values - type command selecting options from a drop-down listbox - select command clicking checkboxes or radio buttons - click command

8. Selenium Commands Selenese Selenium commands, often called selenese, are the set of commands that run your

tests. Selenium command are three types as below

o Actions, o Accessory


o Assertions Actions: user actions on application / Command the browser to do something.

Actions are commands that generally manipulate the state of the application. 1. Click / Clickandwait 2. Selecting items

a. Assessors: Accessors examine the state of the application and store the results in variables, e.g. "storeTitle".

b. Assertions: For validating the application we are using Assertions

1. for verifying the web pages 2. for verifying the text 3. for verifying alerts

Assertions can be used in 3 modes: assert verify waitFor

Example: "assertText","verifyText" and "waitForText".

NOTE: 1. When an "assert" fails, the test is aborted. 2. When a "verify" fails, the test will continue execution 3. "waitFor" commands wait for some condition to become true

9. Commonly Used Selenium Commands

These are probably the most commonly used commands for building test.

open - opens a page using a URL.

click/clickAndWait - performs a click operation, and optionally waits for a new page to load.

verifyTitle/assertTitle - verifies an expected page title.

verifyTextPresent- verifies expected text is somewhere on the page.

verifyElementPresent -verifies an expected UI element, as defined by its HTML tag, is present on the page.

verifyText - verifies expected text and its corresponding HTML tag are present on the page.

verifyTable - verifies a tables expected contents.


waitForPageToLoad -pauses execution until an expected new page loads. Called automatically when clickAndWait is used.

waitForElementPresent -pauses execution until an expected UI element, as defined by its HTML tag, is present on the page.

Note: To execute many Selenium commands, Selenium required a target often called it as Element Locators (or calls it as object identification).

To get Target element Please install below plug INS 1. For Firefox browser Firebug 2. For IE browser IE Developer Tool bar.

How Selenium is Identifying the Objects?:

10. Locating Elements:

Selenium is identifying the objects by using following Locator strategies.

1. Id = @Id 2. Name = @name 3. Identifier = @id 4. Dom = JavaScript expression 5. Xpath = Xpath expression 6. Link =Text pattern 7. css = css Selector Index

Locating by ID: For instance, your page source could have id and name attributes as follows:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

The following locator strategies would return the elements from the HTML snippet above indicated by line number:

id=loginForm (3)


Locating by Name The name locator type will locate the first element with a matching name attribute. If multiple elements have the same value for a name attribute, then you can use filters to

further refine your location strategy. The default filter type is value (matching the value attribute).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

name=username (4) name=continue value=Clear (7) name=continue Clear (7) name=continue type=button (7)

Locating by XPath XPath is the language used for locating nodes in an XML document. We are using XPath is when you dont have a suitable id or name attribute for the

element you wish to locate.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9


10

xpath=/html/body/form[1] (3) - Absolute path (would break if the HTML was changed only slightly)

//form[1] (3) - First form element in the HTML xpath=//form[@id='loginForm'] (3) - The form element with attribute named id and the value

loginForm xpath=//form[input/\@name='username'] (4) - First form element with an input child element

with attribute named name and the value username //input[@name='username'] (4) - First input element with attribute named name and the

value username //form[@id='loginForm']/input[1] (4) - First input child element of the form element with

attribute named id and the value loginForm //input[@name='continue'][@type='button'] (7) - Input with attribute named name and the

value continue and attribute named type and the value button //form[@id='loginForm']/input[4] (7) - Fourth input child element of the form element with

attribute named id and value loginForm

Example for Xpath:

Let us take the source of google.com to make our task simpler.

The first three locator strategies state that, if any element having the name, id or identifier attribute

Observe the source code of below. After we click on the Google Search button we move to the results page, now let us understand how the first link is identified from the below source code.

Search Results Selenium IDE - Introduction


As you see above the anchor tag does not have anything that can identify the element uniquely, hence we take the Xpath here.

For that we need to see which tag of the upper hierarchy of the element has a unique attribute to identify it uniquely. We deduct the Xpath as

//div[@id='res']/div[1]/ol/li[1]/h3/a

The Xpath should always start from a hierarchy from where the element can be identified uniquely.

For example there is an element which has the attributes as follows

and say the class attribute is unique to this tag then the element locator would be //input[@class=username].This is also Xpath but it is at the same level.

Locating Hyperlinks by Link Text This is a simple method of locating a hyperlink in your web page by using the text of the

link. If two links with the same text are present, then the first match will be used.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Are you sure you want to do this? Continue Cancel

link=Continue (4) link=Cancel (5)

Locating by DOM The Document Object Model represents an HTML document and can be accessed using

JavaScript. This location strategy takes JavaScript that evaluates to an element on the page, which

can be simply the elements location using the hierarchical dotted notation. Since only dom locators start with document, it is not necessary to include the dom=

label when specifying a DOM locator.


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

dom=document.getElementById('loginForm') (3) dom=document.forms['loginForm'] (3) dom=document.forms[0] (3) document.forms[0].username (4) document.forms[0].elements['username'] (4) document.forms[0].elements[0] (4) document.forms[0].elements[3] (7)

Locating by CSS CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language for describing the rendering of HTML and

XML documents. CSS uses Selectors for binding style properties to elements in the document.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

css=form#loginForm (3) css=input[name="username"] (4) css=input.required[type="text"] (4) css=input.passfield (5) css=#loginForm input[type="button"] (4)


css=#loginForm input:nth-child(2) (5)

11. Basic Examples: TCS #1: Manual Steps:

Open (Example : Type www.google.com) Type energy efficient in the Google Search Input Box Click outside on an empty spot Click Search Button Verify the Text Present as energy efficient Assert the Title as energy efficient - Google Search Save the test case with .HTML Extension.


TC#2: 1: Open Firefox Web Browser 2: In the address bar, Type http://www.yahoo.com 3: In the search input button, Type "energy efficient" 4: Click on the "Web Search" submit button 5: Wait for Search Results to come on "http:/search.yahoo.com" 6: Verify "energy efficient" text is present anywhere in the search results: (Select and highlight anywhere in the search results page, "energy efficient" text is present.) 7: Verify the browsers title has the value "energy efficient - Yahoo! Search Results" 8. End.

TCS #3: File New Test Case (Make Selenium IDE in Record Mode) Open http://www.ge.com Go all the way down, click on the Contact Information link Click on Feedback & Inquiries link Consumer/Other (Leave the default option) Select a Subject (Other) Select a Country (U.A.E) Email (type [email protected]) Comments or Questions (type Just testing) Submit (click once) In the result page, highlight Thank you for taking the time to contact GE Right Click and Select waitForTextPresent Thank you for taking the time to contact GE Highlight Feel free to continue browsing. Right Click and Select VerifyTextPresent Feel free to continue browsing. Right Click on GE.com Home Page link and Select verifyElementPresent

link=GE.com Home Page


12. Test Suite Creation: A test suite is a collection of tests. Often one will run all the tests in a test suite as one

continuous batch-job. When using Selenium-IDE, test suites also can be defined using a simple HTML file. The

syntax again is simple. An HTML table defines a list of tests where each row defines the file system path to each test.

Steps for creating test suite: Create more Tcs save each Test Case with extension. Open Firefox Open Tools Selenium IDE File Open new Test Suite File Open Add Test cases Add more test cases Save Suite with extensions.

Test Suite Syntax:


Test Suite Function Tests - Priority 1 Suite Of Tests Login Test Searching for Values Test Save

A file similar to this would allow running the tests all at once, one after another, from the Selenium-IDE.

Edit Selenium Test Suite If you have only one test case in your test suite, open the GE_TS1.html in NotePad.

Add a line of code before the end of tag

GE Test Case 2 File save then Exit. Now you can double click and see the entire test suite in your browser. You can Edit the Test Suite in notepad when you want to Change the name of the test cases Add, Remove, and Rename test cases Arrange order of test cases.

13. Useful Selenium Add-Ons: Chris Pederick's Web Developer toolbar XPather Firebug Xpath Checker Regular Expressions Tester JavaScript Debugger Web Developer HTML Validator ColorZilla DOM Inspector

14. About User Extensions User extensions are JavaScript files that allow one to create our own customizations and

features to add additional functionality.


There are a number of useful extensions created by users. Perhaps the most popular of all Selenium-IDE extensions is one which provides flow

control in the form of while loops and primitive conditionals. This extension is the goto_sel_ide.js.

Steps: Download goto_sel_ide.js file. Save into selenium core extensions folder Selenium-IDEs Options=>Options=>General tab Browse extension file

Click on OK Button

Restart selenium and fire fox

15. Selenium Commands for verification:

A. Verifying Page Elements: Verifying UI elements on a web page is probably the most common feature of your automated tests. Selenese allows multiple ways of checking for UI elements.

Ex: 1. an element is present somewhere on the page?

2. specific text is somewhere on the page?

3. specific text is at a specific location on the page? To verify these UI elements.

We are using Assertion or Verification.


verifyTextPresent

The command verifyTextPresent is used to verify specific text exists somewhere on the page.

VerifyElementPresent

Use this command when you must test for the presence of a specific UI element, rather then its content.

verifyElementPresent can be used to check the existence of any HTML tag within the page. You can check the existence of links, paragraphs, divisions , etc. Here are a few more examples.

VerifyText

Use verifyText when both the text and its UI element must be tested. verifyText must use a locator. If you choose an XPath or DOM locator, you can verify that specific text appears at a specific location on the page relative to other UI components on the page.

storeElementPresent This corresponds to verifyElementPresent. It simply stores a boolean valuetrue or falsedepending on whether the UI element is found.


storeText StoreText corresponds to verifyText. It uses a locater to identify specific page text. The text, if found, is stored in the variable. StoreText can be used to extract text from the page being tested.

storeEval

StoreEval allows the test to store the result of running the script in a variable.

JavaScript and Selenese Parameters All variables created in your test case are stored in a JavaScript associative array. An associative array has string indexes rather than sequential numeric indexes. The associative array containing your test cases variables is named storedVars. Whenever you wish to access or manipulate a

variable within a JavaScript snippet, you must refer to it as stored-Vars[yourVariableName].

JavaScript Usage with Script Parameters

Several Selenese commands specify a script parameter including assertEval, verifyEval, storeEval, and waitForEval. These parameters require no special syntax. A Selenium-IDE user

would simply place a snippet of JavaScript code into the appropriate field, normally the Target field (because a script parameter is normally the first or only parameter).

This next example illustrates how a JavaScript snippet can include calls to methods, in this case the JavaScript String objects toUpperCase method and toLowerCase method.

JavaScript Usage with Non-Script Parameters

JavaScript can also be used to help generate values for parameters, even when the parameter is


not specified to be of type script. However, in this case, special syntax is requiredthe JavaScript snippet must be enclosed inside curly braces and preceded by the label javascript, as in javascript {*yourCodeHere*}. Below is an example in which the type commands second parameter value is generated via JavaScript code using this special syntax:

JavaScript Evaluation 1. You can use any of the following Eval commands

assertEval, assertNotEval, VerifyEval, verifyNotEval, waitForEval, waitForNotEval, storeEval

2. You can use any of the following Expression commands

assertExpression, assertNotExpression,verifyExpression, verifyNotExpression, waitForExpression, waitForNotExpression, storeExpression, store and WaitForCondition

echo - The Selenese Print Command Selenese has a simple command that allows you to print text to your tests output.

Exercises: TC#4:

Open a specific URL (http://www.barnesandnoble.com/) Search for a specific text (Javascript) in #1 page Sort by Prizev How do you check Online Price: $$$ is in sorted order? In this case I have decided to check the first two Amounts displayed on that page are in

the ascending order. The first value is A, the second value is B


If A


To Handle Alerts:

AlertPresent verifyAlertPresent()

The best way to check the alerts are using this command This command never throws an exception

Returns:

True or False. Other AlertPresent Commands are:

storeAlertPresent ( seleniumVariableName ) assertAlertPresent ( ) assertAlertNotPresent ( ) verifyAlertNotPresent ( ) waitForAlertPresent ( ) waitForAlertNotPresent ( )

Ex1:

Ex 2:


goBack: goBack and goBackAndWait are the two commands simulates a user clicking on the

back button of the browser. waitForPopup

waitForPopUp ( windowID,timeout ) and selectWindow ( windowID ) are the two commands allows you to test the Popup Windows.

selectWindow selects a specific Popup, use null to select Parent window.

Download Ex1.html to Ex3.html under wait for Popup, Open CreatePopUps.html in Firefox browser.

Record the test as listed below:

Click Create Windows button

Select win1, click the button Click and get the Welcome Message, minimize win1

Select win3, select any option, press Submit button

Go back to the parent window, press close button

Ex:


16. Selenium IDE Commands for handling alerts

1. allowNativeXpath(allow) Arguments:

allow - boolean, true means we'll prefer to use native XPath Syntax: command: allowNativeXpath Target: True

2. assertAlert To Verify the Java Script Pop-Ups, similarly assertConfirmation. 3. answerOnNextPrompt(answer)

Arguments:

answer - the answer to give in response to the prompt pop-up Instructs Selenium to return the specified answer string in response to the next JavaScript prompt [window.prompt()].


4. assertAlertPresent() Generated from isAlertPresent() Returns: true if there is an alert Has an alert occurred? This function never throws an exception 5. assertAllButtons(pattern)

Generated from getAllButtons() Returns: the IDs of all buttons on the page Returns the IDs of all buttons on the page.

6. assertAllFields(pattern) Generated from getAllFields() Returns: the IDs of all field on the page Returns the IDs of all input fields on the page.

7. assertAllLinks(pattern) Generated from getAllLinks() Returns: the IDs of all links on the page Returns the IDs of all links on the page.

Similarly some other commands:

assertAllWindowIds, assertAllWindowNames, assertAllWindowTitles, assertAttribute, assertAttributeFromAllWindows.

assertNotAllButtons, assertNotAllFields,assertNotAllWindowIds, assertNotAllWindowNames, assertNotAllWindowTitles, assertNotAttribute, assertNotAttributeFromAllWindows.

assertElementPresent(locator) Generated from isElementPresent(locator)

Arguments:

locator - an element locator Returns: true if the element is present, false otherwise Verifies that the specified element is somewhere on the page.


Similarly some other commands: assertElementNotPresent assertEval(script, pattern) Generated from getEval(script)

Arguments:

script - the JavaScript snippet to run Returns: the results of evaluating the snippet Gets the result of evaluating the specified JavaScript snippet. The snippet may have multiple lines, but only the result of the last line will be returned.

Similarly: assertExpression, assertHtmlSource(pattern) Generated from getHtmlSource()

Returns: the entire HTML source Returns the entire HTML source between the opening and closing "html" tags.

assertLocation(pattern) Generated from getLocation()

Returns: the absolute URL of the current page Gets the absolute URL of the current page.

assertNotXpathCount(xpath, pattern) Generated from getXpathCount(xpath)

Arguments:

xpath - the xpath expression to evaluate. do NOT wrap this expression in a 'count()' function; we will do that for you.

Returns: the number of nodes that match the specified xpath Returns the number of nodes that match the specified xpath, eg. "//table" would give the number of tables.

Similarly: assertXpathcount

assertText(locator, pattern) Generated from getText(locator)

Returns: the text of the element Gets the text of an element. This works for any element that contains text. This command uses either the textContent (Mozilla-like browsers) or the innerText (IE-like browsers) of the element, which is the rendered text shown to the user.

Similarly: assertTitle, assertTable, assertSpeed, assertPromt,assertVisible, aasertValue assignId(locator, identifier)


Arguments:

locator - an element locator pointing to an element

identifier - a string to be used as the ID of the specified element Temporarily sets the "id" attribute of the specified element, so you can locate it in the future using its ID rather than a slow/complicated XPath. This ID will disappear once the page is reloaded.

Similarly: assignIdAndWait captureEntirePageScreenshot(filename, kwargs)

Arguments:

filename - the path to the file to persist the screenshot as. No filename extension will be appended by default. Directories will not be created if they do not exist, and an exception will be thrown, possibly by native code.

kwargs - a kwargs string that modifies the way the screenshot is captured. Example: "background=#CCFFDD" . Currently valid options: background

the background CSS for the HTML document. This may be useful to set for capturing screenshots of less-than-ideal layouts, for example where absolute positioning causes the calculation of the canvas dimension to fail and a black background is exposed (possibly obscuring black text). Saves the entire contents of the current window canvas to a PNG file. Contrast this with the captureScreenshot command, which captures the contents of the OS viewport (i.e. whatever is currently being displayed on the monitor), and is implemented in the RC only. Currently this only works in Firefox when running in chrome mode, and in IE non-HTA using the EXPERIMENTAL "Snapsie" utility. The Firefox implementation is mostly borrowed from the Screengrab! Firefox extension. Please see http://www.screengrab.org and http://snapsie.sourceforge.net/ for details.

Similarly: captureEntirePageScreenshotAndWait check(locator)

Arguments:

locator - an element locator Check a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)

Similarly: checkAndWait chooseCancelOnNextConfirmation(),chooseOkOnNextConfirmation(), chooseOkOnNextConfirmationAndWait

Click, ClickAndWait, ClickAt, ClickAtAndWait, Close.


contextMenu, contextMenuAndWait, contextMenuAt, contextMenuAtAndWait.

createCookie, createCookieAndWait

deleteAllVisibleCookies() Calls deleteCookie with recurse=true on all cookies visible to the current page. As noted on the documentation for deleteCookie, recurse=true can be much slower than simply deleting the cookies using a known domain/path.

Similarly: deleteAllVisibleCookiesAndWait, deleteCookie, deleteCookieAndWait,

doubleClick(locator) Arguments:

locator - an element locator Double clicks on a link, button, checkbox or radio button. If the double click action causes a new page to load (like a link usually does), call waitForPageToLoad.

Similarly: doubleClickAndWait, doubleClickAt, doubleClickAtAndWait.

echo(message) Arguments:

message - the message to print Prints the specified message into the third table cell in your Selenese tables. Useful for debugging.

fireEvent(locator, eventName) Arguments:

locator - an element locator

eventName - the event name, e.g. "focus" or "blur" Explicitly simulate an event, to trigger the corresponding "onevent" handler.

Similarly: fireEventAndWait

focus(locator) Arguments:

locator - an element locator Move the focus to the specified element; for example, if the element is an input field, move the cursor to that field.

Similarly: focusAndWait

goBack() Simulates the user clicking the "back" button on their browser.


Similarly: goBackAndWait

ignoreAttributesWithoutValue(ignore) Arguments:

ignore - boolean, true means we'll ignore attributes without value at the expense of xpath "correctness"; false means we'll sacrifice speed for correctness.

Similarly: ignoreAttributesWithoutValueAndWait

open(url) Arguments:

url - the URL to open; may be relative or absolute Similarly: openWindow, openWindowAndWait

pause(waitTime) Arguments:

waitTime - the amount of time to sleep (in milliseconds) Wait for the specified amount of time (in milliseconds)

refresh() Simulates the user clicking the "Refresh" button on their browser.

Similarly: refreshAndWait

removeAllSelections(locator) Arguments:

locator - an element locator identifying a multi-select box Unselects all of the selected options in a multi-select element.

Similarly: removeAllSelectionsAndWait, removeSelection, removeSelectionAndWait

removeScript(scriptTagId) Arguments:

scriptTagId - the id of the script element to remove. Removes a script tag from the Selenium document identified by the given id. Does nothing if the referenced tag doesn't exist.

Similarly: removeScriptAndWait runScript(script)

Arguments:

script - the JavaScript snippet to run Similarly: runScriptAndWait


select(selectLocator, optionLocator) Arguments:

selectLocator - an element locator identifying a drop-down menu

optionLocator - an option locator (a label by default) Select an option from a drop-down using an option locator.

Similarly: selectAndWait, selectFrame, selectPopUp, selectPopUpAndWait, selectWindow,

setTimeout(timeout) Arguments:

timeout - a timeout in milliseconds, after which the action will return with an error

Specifies the amount of time that Selenium will wait for actions to complete. Actions that require waiting include "open" and the "waitFor*" actions.

store(expression, variableName) Arguments:

expression - the value to store

variableName - the name of a variable in which the result is to be stored. This command is a synonym for storeExpression.

Similarly: storeAlert, storeAlertPresent, storeAllButtons, storeAllFields, storeAllLinks, storeAllWindowIds, storeAllWindowNames, storeAllWindowTitles, storeAttribute, storeBodyText, storeConfirmation, storeConfirmationPresent etc..

storeCookie, storeCookieByName, storeCookiePresent, etc storeEval(script, variableName) Generated from getEval(script)

Arguments:

script - the JavaScript snippet to run Returns: the results of evaluating the snippet

similarly: storeExpression etc storeXpathCount(xpath, variableName) Generated from getXpathCount(xpath)

Arguments:

xpath - the xpath expression to evaluate. do NOT wrap this expression in a 'count()' function; we will do that for you.


Returns: the number of nodes that match the specified xpath Returns the number of nodes that match the specified xpath, eg. "//table" would give the number of tables.

submit(formLocator) Arguments:

formLocator - an element locator for the form you want to submit Submit the specified form. This is particularly useful for forms without submit buttons, e.g. single-input "Search" forms.

Similarly: submitAndWait type(locator, value)

Arguments:

locator - an element locator

value - the value to type Sets the value of an input field, as though you typed it in.

Similarly: typeAndWait uncheck(locator)

Arguments:

locator - an element locator Uncheck a toggle-button (checkbox/radio)

Similarly: uncheckAndWait verifyAlert(pattern) Generated from getAlert()

Returns: The message of the most recent JavaScript alert

Similarly: verifyAlertNotPresent, verifyAlertPresent, verifyAllButtons, verifyAllFields, verifyAllLinks, verifyAllWindowNames, verifyAllWindowTitles etc.. verifyConfirmation(pattern) Generated from getConfirmation()

Returns: the message of the most recent JavaScript confirmation dialog Retrieves the message of a JavaScript confirmation dialog generated during the previous action.

Similarly: verifyConfirmationNotPresent, verifyConfirmationPresent verifyText(locator, pattern) Generated from getText(locator)

Arguments:


locator - an element locator Returns: the text of the element

Similarly: verifyTitle,verifyTable etc.. waitForAlert(pattern) Generated from getAlert()

Returns: The message of the most recent JavaScript alert Retrieves the message of a JavaScript alert generated during the previous action, or fail if there were no alerts.

Similarly: waitForAllButtons, waitForAllFields, waitForAllLinks, waitForAllWindowIds, waitForAllWindowNames, waitForAllWindowTitles, waitForConfirmationPresent() Generated from isConfirmationPresent()

Returns: true if there is a pending confirmation Has confirm() been called?

Similarly: waitForCondition waitForTitle(pattern) Generated from getTitle()

Returns: the title of the current page Gets the title of the current page.

Similary: waitForTable etc

17. Java Script

What is the use of java script? 1. Java script can be used by for printing some dynamic html contents 2. For validating the forms in the web page 3. Ajax - CE is advanced one for java script.

Print:- document. write We can use java script in 3 modes in html

In tag In tag And external key

External java script;- (java script with in the page) Script.js(file name) document.write(JS from script.js page); Ex:-


Variables:- Ex:- a=10;

document.write(a); Ex;- a=10; document.write(a);

a=java script; /*modifying variable */ document.write(a);

Comment lines - Two types // -> single line comment /* multiline comments */

Detecting errors in JavaScript (fire fox);- In fire fox browser Go to tools Select error console.

Data types:- In JScript, there are three primary data types, two composite data types, and two special data types.

The primary (primitive) data types are: String

Number

Boolean -> Boolean (true/false) ->Typeof(exp):- it wise display exp type

Ex:- a=true;

document. write (Typeof(a)); Out put


Boolean.

Ex :- n=12;

document.write(typeof(a)); Out put:- number datatype

1. Number

n=12;

document.write(n); Ex:- n=12.5; document.write(n); Output;- 12.5 parseInt:- Ex;- n=12.5;

document.write(parseint(n)); Output:- 12

Ex 2:- n=12 tonnes document.write(parseInt(n));

Output:- 12 Concatenation:

Ex 3:- document.write(parseint(12cows)); document.write(=); document.write(parseInt(12 cows);

document.write(); Syntax:- document.write(parseInt(12cows)=+parseInt(12cows))+(


Arthemetic operators: (+,-,*,/,%) Relational operators: (,=) Comparision operators: (==,===,!=,!==) Iteration operators: (++,--) Logical operators: (&&,||,1) Conditional operators: (?:)

(or) Ternary operators

String Concatination: +

Iteration operators:- Pre increment:- (++x) X=10; Y=++x; Output= starts from 11, 12, Post increment:- (x++) X=10; Y=x++; Output= starts from 10, 11,

Ex:- (post increment) X=10; document.write(x=+(x)+); Output : x=10 document.write(x=+(x++)+); Output :x++=10 document.write(x=+(x)+);//x=11 Ex:- (pre increment) X=10; D.W(x++(x)+; x=10 D.W(x=+(++x)+); x=11 D.W(x= +(x)+); x=11 -> Pre decrementation:- X=10 d.w(x=+(--x)+); x=9 -> post decrementation:- X=10 d.w(x=+(x)+); x=10 d.w(x--=+(x--)+); x=10 d.w(x=+(x)+); x=9 Logical operators:- x y X&&y X||y t t t t


t f f t

f t f t

f f f f

Ex:- d.w(true&&false=+(true&&false)+); =false d.w(true|| false=+(true||false)+); =true Conditional operators:- Conditional operators is used for determining execution of statement based on the condition Syntax:- (condition)? true Black:False Black; Ex:- x=9; Type=(x%2==0)?Even:odd; Control structure:- Control structures is divided into two ways 1. Conditional Based 2. Loop Based 1. Conditional based :-

1. IF, 2. IF else 3. IF-else IF ladder 4. Nested if and 5. Switch cases

IF:- If(condition) { code } Ex:- var d=newData() Var time=d.getHours() If(time


} Else { Code }

Ex:- Age=15; If(Age=70){ grade=A;} else if(perc>=60){grade =B;} else if(perc>=50){grade=c;} Nested IF:- If(condition1) { If(condition2) { Code; } else { Code; } }

Ex:- A=12; B=13; If(a>=b) { If(a>b) { d.w(A is greater);


} else { d.w(A and B are Equal); } } else{ d.w(A is less); }

Switch:-

Switch(expression) { Case value: Code; Break; Case val2: Code; Break; Default: Code; Break; }

Ex:- Dya=3; Switch(day){

Case 1: d.w(Monday ); break; case 2: d.w(Tuesday ); break:

.

.

.

Case 7: d.w(Sunday ); break;

default: d.w(Enter valid number);break; }

Arrays:-


Array is a collection of similar elements Syntax for creating the array is

=new Array (value 1,value 2,value n); Ex:- users=new Array(sree,siva,mahe); To get length of array:- users.length: 3(//maximum numerical index +1) users[0];//sree users[1];//siva

we can replace value of array users[1]=ram; we can add one more field to the array users[3]=rama;

To get array count users[users.length]=mary; [Appending].

Ex:- Tags=new Array(barbie,Teddy,mickey,donald); d.w(toys.length=+toys.length+);//4 d.w[toys[2]=+toys [2]+);//mickey d.w[toys=+toys+);//B,T,M,D. toys[3]+=Duck; d.w(toys=+toys+);// B,T,M,D,D toys[toys.length]=Newtoy; d.w(toys=+toys+);//B,T,M,D,D,N

Multidimentional arrays:- Ex:- a=new Array(2,4); B=new Array(6,8); Multi=new Array(a,b); B=new Array(1,name)); d.w(multi[0][0]=tmulti[0][1]+);

Loops:- While

While(condition) { Code }

Ex:1 i=1;


while(i


{ Array-name[index] } Ex:-

x=new Array(11,31,94); For(i in x) { d.w(i+=+x[i]+); }

Functions:- TYPE Arg Return I * * II yes * III * yes IV yes yes

Two types of functions

1. User defined functions 2. Built in functions

User defined functions:- A user define function is re-usable block of code. Functions can be classified into fur types, based on arguments and values.

Type 1:- Syntax:- function function name()

{ Code; [return;] }

Ex:- for type 1 Function welcome() { document.write(welcome to the site%); } Welcome(); X=welcome();//user define Document write(x=+x+,);

For Type 2 category:- Function bold(text) { document.write(+text+);


ex:- for type 2 function welcome(user) { Document.write(welcome+user+); } Welcome(sree);

Type 3-functions:- Function x() { return 9; } P=x(); Ex:- function x() { d.w(first value is); return 9; d.w(last value is);

calling function:- a=x(); d.w(a=+a+); output:- first+val is a=9;

Type 4:- function with arguments and return values Function square(x) { Return(x*x); } d.w(suqre(2));//4 d.w(square(suqre(2));//16 Built in methods:-

Date:- D=new Date(); d.getDate();//1-11 d.getDay();//0-6 d.getMonth();//0-11 d.getYear(); d.getFullyear;//2009 d.getHours();//0-23 d.getMinutes();//0-59 d.getSeconds();//0-59 Ex:- for Built-in Function p(text);


{ Document.write(text+); } d=new Date(); P(d++d); P(d.getdate()=+d.getDate()); P(d.getday()=+d.getday());

Math:- Math;max(12,14);//14 Math;min(12,14);//12 Ex:- Function p(text) { d.w(text+); } //math.max(num1,num2);-> num P(math.max(12,14)=+Math.max(12,14)); //Math.min(num1,num2);->num P(math.min(12,14)=+Math.min(12,14)); //math.floor(num);->Lower limitation integer value P(math.floor(12.94)=+Math.floor(12.94));//12 //math.ceil(num);->upper limitation integer value P(math.ceil(12.14)=+Math.ceil(12.14));//13 //math.round(num)-> if >=.5 ceil,0 and 1 P(math.random()=+math.random()); String methods:- Function p(text) { Document.write(text+); } Str=javascript; P(str=+str); P(length=+str.length()); P(upper=+str.touppercase()); P(lower=+str.tolowercase()); P(str.substr=+str.substr(4)); P(str.substr(4,2)=+str.substr(4,2));

Replace of search string replacement(Replace) P(str.replace( a,_)=+str.replace(a,_); p(str.replace( a,_)=+str.replace(A,_);

Regular Expression:-


Function reg(expr,str) { R=new RegExp(expr); Return r.test(str); } P(reg(b,abc)=+reg(b+abc));

^ mathches to beginning of the string(if you want to verify starting,letter in whole stirng,we can use ca(^))

Ex:- P(reg(^b,abc)=+reg(^b+_abc)); Output:- false P(reg(^a,abc)=+reg(^a+_abc)); Output:- True

$ mathches to end of stirng(if you want to verify ending character in whole string,we can use $) Ex:- P(reg(a$,abc)=+reg(a$+abc)); Output:- false P(reg(c$,abc)=+reg(c$+abc)); Output:- True ->(.) mathes any single character(alphabet,number, special character, space)(if you want to verify only single character we can use dot) Ex:- P(reg(^.$,abc)=+reg(^.$+abc)); output:- false P(reg(^.$,a)=+reg(^.$+a)); Output:- True P(reg(\.doc$,resume.doc)=+reg(\.doc+resume.doc));

+ one or many times(if you want to verify any single char,if may be one time else many times,we can use +)

P(reg(a+$,a)=+reg(a+$+a)); Output:- True P(reg(a+$,aaa)=+reg(a+$+aaa)); Output:- False P(reg(a+$,ab)=+reg(a+$+ab)); Output:- false

* 0 to many times Ex:- P(reg(a*$,)=+reg(a*$+)); Output:-True P(reg(a*$,aa)=+reg(a*$+aa)); Output;- True P(reg(a*$,ab)=+reg(a*$+ab)); Output:- False

? 0 or min one time or no.of times P(reg(https?,http://www.google.com)=+reg(https?+http://www.google.com)); Output:- True

{n} - for n times {n,} -min n times {n, m}-min n times, max m times


[] use for specifying range of char allowe for the exp. [a-z] [A-Z] [0-9] [abcd] [a-zA-Z0-9-> Alphanumeric Ex:- P(reg(^[a-z]${3},abc)=+reg(^[a-z]${3}+abc)); Output:- True P(veg(^[a-z]${3],ABC)=+reg(^[a-z]${3}+ABC));

\d -- matches with any digit(0-9) \D matches a non-digit \s -- matches a space \S -- matches any non-space \w -- matches word boundary(alphanumeric and under square) \W -- non word boundary | -- or () -- matches sub expressions([] [] {})

Ex:- for mobile validation Function isMobile(num) { Num=num.toString() Exp=^[98][0-9]{9}$; Return reg(exp,num); ] Mobile=8876543210; P(ismobile(mobile)?validMobile:invalid); Ex:-2 for usMobile(124-136-106205) Function isUsPhone(ph) { Return reg(^[0-9]{3}[\-]){2}[0-9]{6}$,ph); } Phone=234-345-234567; P(isUsPhone(phone)/valid:invalid; Ex 3:- Email id Function isEmail(mail) { Return reg(^[a-zA-Z0-9]\\w{3,}\.\\a{2,}@[a-zA-Z0-9\-]{2,}\.[a-zA-Z\.]{2,}$,mail); } [email protected]; P(isEmail(ma?valid:invalid; Ex:- User name Function isUser(name) {


return reg(^[a-zA-Z][\.][a-zA-Z]{5},name); } Name=pradeep; P(isuser)(name)?valid:invalid; Ex:- Function isUser(name) { return reg(^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z\.]{5,},name); } Name=Pradeep; P(isuser(name)?valid:invalid);

18. Example programs: Tc#1 : Verify Page Title and specified Text

GE Test Case 1

open http://www.ge.com/

type textToSearch energy efficient

clickAndWait searchSubmit

assertTitle exact:GE: Search Results

assertTextPresent energy efficient

Tc# 2:

GE Test Case2

open http://www.ge.com/

assertTitle GE : imagination at work


GE Test Case2

clickAndWait //div[@id='ge_footer']/ul/li[2]/a

assertTitle GE Contact Information: Web Questions, Online Help, Press Contacts

clickAndWait link=Feedback and Inquiries

assertTitle Feedback & Inquiries : Contact Information : GE

pause 3000

select contact_subject label=Other

select contact_country label=United States

type contact_email [email protected]

type contact_comments No questions.

clickAndWait //form[@id='contact_form']/p/input verifyTextPresent Thank you for taking the time to contact GE.

verifyTextPresent Feel free to continue browsing

verifyElementPresent link=GE.com Home Page

Tc# 3: Verify alerts

Age Test Case open file:///C:/Javascript/Class%20Ex/Ex16.html?txtAge=101&=Submit assertTitle Age Problem verifyTextPresent Enter Your Age type idAge -1 click idSubGo open Infant type idAge 5 click idSubGo deleteCookie Kid type idAge 20 click idSubGo


Age Test Case assertAlert Adult type idAge 55 click idSubGo assertAlert Senior type idAge 75 click idSubGo assertAlert Grand Senior type idAge 110 click idSubGo assertAlert I hate this life type idAge www check idSubGo pause 5000 clickAndWait idSubGo assertAlert Something wrong, enter your right age!

Tc# 4: Wait for Text Present

TC_Google_EE

open http://www.google.com/

type q energy efficient

clickAndWait btnG

waitForTextPresent energy efficiency

assertTitle energy efficient - Google Search

Tc #5: Creating Variables and storing data and calling multipletimes

TestCase_HelloWorld open file:///C:/2009%20Selenium/Day3/Ex/HelloWorld.html store Kangeyan vName echo ${vName} answerOnNextPrompt ${vName} click link=Click here to enter your name waitForPrompt Please enter your name.


TestCase_HelloWorld echo ${vName} createCookie idName ${vName}

TC# 6: Reviewed Test Case Barnes and Noble Sorted Order open http://www.barnesandnoble.com/index.asp type search-input javascript clickAndWait quick-search-button pause 10000 clickAndWait link=Price

storeText //div[@id='bs-center-col']/div[3]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div/ul[1]/li[2]/strong T1

echo ${T1} storeText xpath=id('bs-center-

col')/div[3]/div[3]/div[2]/div/div/div/ul[1]/li[1]/strong T2 echo ${T2} storeText //div[@id='bs-center-

col']/div[3]/div[5]/div[2]/div/div/div/ul[1]/li[1]/strong T3 echo ${T3}

storeEval var A= new Number("${T1}".substr(1));var B=new Number("${T2}".substr(1)); var Result1=false; if (A


Reviewed Test Case Barnes and Noble Sorted Order echo ${T7} storeEval var isSorted = new Boolean("${T6}"); var strResult ='Not in Sorted Order'; if (isSorted) strResult='Ascending Order'; strResult vSorted echo ${vSorted}

Tc# 7: Example For Alert Massege

Test Case Alert Button Click

open file:\\C:\2009 Selenium\Day 3\Ex\ClickAlert.html

click //input[@value='Click and get the Welcome Message']

assertAlert Welcome to Portnov!

Tc# 8: Example For goBackAndWait

Test Case Go Back And Wait open file:\C:\2009 Selenium\Day 3\Ex\SelectAWebSite.html select OptWeb label=Google clickAndWait btnGo assertTitle Google goBackAndWait select OptWeb label=Portnov clickAndWait btnGo

assertTitle Career Training & Career Change: Software Testing and Software QA (Quality Assurance) @ Portnov Computer School

goBackAndWait select OptWeb label=Microsoft clickAndWait btnGo assertTitle Microsoft Corporation goBackAndWait select OptWeb label=Yahoo clickAndWait btnGo assertTitle Yahoo!


Tc#9: Example for Alert conformation

Reviewed Test Case Popup

open file:\\C:\2009 Selenium\Day 3\Ex\CreatePopUps.html

click winBut

waitForPopUp win1 30000



selectWindow name=win1

click //input[@value='Click and get the Welcome Message']

assertAlert Welcome to Portnov!

selectWindow name=win3

click //input[4] click Submit

assertConfirmation Are you sure you want to submit this answer?

assertAlert submitted

selectWindow null

click //input[@name='winBut' and @value='Close Windows']

Regular Expression Tc#10: Verify Page Title Reviewed Test Case Window Name Check open file:///C:/2009%20Selenium/Day%204/Ex/ShowWinName.html click winBut

assertAlert regex:Ex1.html win1



Reviewed Test Case Window Name Check


Tc#11: Regular Expression Reviewed Test Case RegEx Email Check open file:///C:/2009%20Selenium/Day%204/Ex/UserInputForm.html type txtName kangs p type txtEmail [email protected] click //input[@value='Submit'] verifyTable //form[@id='frm']/table.1.2 Valid verifyTable //form[@id='frm']/table.2.2 Valid storeValue txtName selName echo ${selName} storeValue txtEmail selEmail echo ${selEmail} assertEval storedVars['selName'] regex:\w+\s\w+ assertEval javascript:jStr=storedVars['selEmail']; jStr.toLowerCase() regex:^[a-z0-9_\-]+(\.[_a-z0-9\-]+)*@([_a

z]{2}|aero|arpa|biz|com|coop|edu|gov|info|int|jobs|mil|museum|name

Narrating Regular Expression Tcs

Store Value

Name and Email are stored in a Selenium Variable

Use echo to see the values in Log

Narrating Test Cases

open file:///C:/2009%20Selenium/Day%204/Ex/Narrating Test Cases.html

type txtName kangs p type txtEmail [email protected]


Narrating Test Cases storeValue txtName selName echo ${selName} storeValue txtEmail selEmail echo ${selEmail} click //input[@value='Submit'] verifyTable //form[@id='frm']/table.1.2 Valid verifyTable //form[@id='frm']/table.2.2 Valid Regular Expression Testing

Name is tested with regex:\w+\s\w+

Email is first converted into lower case then tested using regex.

assertEval storedVars['selName'] regex:\w+\s\w+ assertEval javascript:jStr=storedVars['selEmail']; jStr.toLowerCase()

regex:^[a-z0-9_\-]+(\.[_a-z0-9\-]+)*@([_a-z0-9\-]+\.)+([a-z]{2}|aero|arpa|biz|com|coop|edu|gov|info|int|jobs|mil|museum|name|nato|net|org|pro|travel)$

Testing Highlight

Verify Text with exact spelling "Name" using XPath

Highlight a text using XPath

verifyText //form[@id='frm']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/span[1] exact:Name: highlight //form[@id='frm']/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/span[1] Assert Element Present

Valid Name Id is present

Valid Email ID is present

assertElementPresent idNameDisp assertElementPresent idEmailDisp Tc#11: Test Case DevryPopupWindows Close

open http://www.devry-degrees.com/7x/prequal.jsp;jsessionid=GYW5fw1VxepITK3Fi7CXsg**.app8-all1?redirected=redirect&CLK=0&CCID=&QTR=&ZN=&ZV=&KY_T=

refresh setSpeed 3000 assertTitle DeVry Online Focus Site click //div[@id='footerlogo']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/a[1]/u


Test Case DevryPopupWindows Close waitForPopUp Thandie 30000 selectWindow name=Thandie assertTitle Accreditation - DeVry University click //html/body/table/tbody/tr[4]/td/a selectWindow null click //div[@id='footerlogo']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/a[1]/u waitForPopUp Thandie 30000 selectWindow null pause 10000 click //div[@id='footerlogo']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]/a[2]/u waitForPopUp Thandie 30000 selectWindow name=Thandie assertTitle Programs-DeVry University click //html/body/table[2]/tbody/tr/td/p/a selectWindow null click //div[@id='footerlogo']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/a[1]/u waitForPopUp Thandie 30000 selectWindow name=Thandie assertTitle Your California Privacy Rights click //html/body/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/a selectWindow null click //div[@id='footerlogo']/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[2]/a[2]/u waitForPopUp Thandie 30000 selectWindow name=Thandie assertTitle Privacy Policy - DeVry University click //html/body/table/tbody/tr[2]/td/a selectWindow null

Tc#12: Verify Page Load Time Test Case for PageLoadTime_Simple

open http://www.yahoo.com/

storeEval (new Date()).getTime() StartTime refresh

waitForPageToLoad 3000


Test Case for PageLoadTime_Simple

storeEval (new Date()).getTime() EndTime echo ${StartTime} echo ${EndTime} storeEval (${EndTime}-${StartTime})/1000 PageLoadTime echo ${PageLoadTime} Seconds storeEval (new Date()).getTime() StartTime open http://www.yahoo.com/


storeEval (new Date()).getTime() EndTime storeEval (${EndTime}-${StartTime})/1000 PageLoadTime echo ${PageLoadTime} Seconds

Tc#13: AvgPageLoadTime Test Case for PageLoadTime

open http://www.yahoo.com/

storeEval (new Date()).getTime() StartTime refresh


storeEval (new Date()).getTime() EndTime echo ${StartTime} echo ${EndTime} storeEval (${EndTime}-${StartTime})/1000 PageLoadTime1 echo ${PageLoadTime1} Seconds storeEval (new Date()).getTime() StartTime open http://www.yahoo.com/



Test Case for PageLoadTime

storeEval (new Date()).getTime() EndTime storeEval (${EndTime}-${StartTime})/1000 PageLoadTime2 echo ${PageLoadTime2} Seconds storeEval (${PageLoadTime1}+${PageLoadTime2})/2 AvgPageLoadTime echo ${AvgPageLoadTime} Seconds

Tc# 14: Page Load Time in mille Seconds

Test Case for PageLoadTime_MilliSeconds storeEval var d=(new Date().getTime()); d; timeBeforeLoad echo ${timeBeforeLoad}

storeEval open("http://www.ge.com/");var win=this.browserbot.getCurrentWindow(); if(win)win.onload=(window.status=(new Date().getTime()));

timeAfterLoad

echo ${timeAfterLoad} storeEval ${timeAfterLoad}-${timeBeforeLoad} loadTimeMSecs echo ${loadTimeMSecs}

Tc#15: Get Xpathcount, rows count and Tablecount XXX Test Case Xpath open file:///C:/2009 Selenium/Day4/Ex/ListofCourses.html assertTitle AssertXPath storeElementPresent //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr[7]/td[3] Txt1 echo ${Txt1} assertElementNotPresent //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr[8]/td[3] assertElementPresent //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr[7]/td[3] allowNativeXpath true verifyXpathCount //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr 7 verifyXpathCount //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr[1]/td 4 verifyXpathCount //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr/td 28 verifyTable idCourse.0.0 S#


Test Case Xpath verifyTable idCourse.0.1 Course Name verifyTable idCourse.4.0 4 verifyTable idCourse.4.1 Selenium verifyTable idCourse.4.2 Kangs verifyTable idCourse.4.3 4/4/2009 verifyTable idCourse.0.2 Instructor Name verifyTable idCourse.0.3 Start Date verifyTable idCourse.6.0 6 verifyTable idCourse.6.1 Python verifyTable idCourse.6.2 Michell verifyTable idCourse.6.3 6/6/2009 storeText //table[@id='idCourse']/tbody/tr[7]/td[4] sLastRowCell4 echo ${sLastRowCell4}

19. Selenium Core Introduction:

Selenium Core is a test tool for web applications.

Selenium Core tests run directly in a browser, just as real users do. And they run in Internet Explorer, Mozilla and Firefox on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh.

Selenium uses JavaScript and Iframes to embed a test automation engine in browsers.

Selenium was designed specifically for the acceptance testing requirements of Agile teams.

Selenium Core Concepts Selenium was designed specifically for the acceptance testing requirements of Agile

teams.

Cross Browser and Cross Platform compatibility testing. One can test and verify whether the application works correctly on different browsers and operating systems. The same script can run on any Selenium platform.

Application Functional testing. Create regression tests to verify application functionality and user acceptance.

HTA Mode in IE HTML Applications (HTAs) are full-fledged web applications.


These applications are trusted by the Microsoft Internet Explorer browser.

The web-developer need to create the menus, icons, toolbars, and title information then only those will be available within that application.

HTAs pack all the power of object model, performance, rendering power, protocol support, and channeldownload technologywithout enforcing the strict security model and user interface of the browser.

HTAs can be created using the HTML and Dynamic HTML (DHTML).

HTA Mode in Selenium Core Selenium Core provides an additional mechanism for running automated tests called

"HTA mode."

HTA Mode only works on Windows, and only with IE.

An HTA file is a special type of HTML file that is allowed to violate the same origin policy and to write files to disk. When running in HTA mode, you don't have to install Selenium Core on the same web server.

HTA files are also allowed to save test results directly to disk, rather than posting the test results to a web server.

Installing Selenium Core Installing Selenium Core is a two-step process

First: Install an web server (e.g. Apache)

Second: Install the Selenium Core under the Web Server

You need to install the Selenium Core within the web server where AUT is deployed.

1. Installing Apache Web Server Go to http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi

Download Win32 Binary without crypto (no mod_ssl) (MSI Installer):

apache_2.2.11-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi

Double click the downloaded file and install it

2. Check Apache Works Open your Windows Explorer

Go to C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs


Check index.html file is there

Open index.html check whether it will display it works Message or Not.

3. Installing Selenium Core Create a folder under (*1)

C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs

Name the new folder as Selenium

C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs\Selenium

Go to http://seleniumhq.org/download/

Right Click on the Download Link under Selenium Core, and download the file under Apache web server

Save the selenium-core-1.0-beta-2.zip file

Under the folder C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs\Selenium

Right click on the Zip file, and unzip by Selecting winzip select Extract to here

In your address bar type the below URL:

http://localhost/Selenium/core/TestRunner.html

If you are able to see Selenium Test Runner Control Panel, then the installation is complete and successful.

Selenium Core Test Suites 1. Open Selenium IDE 2. Create multiple Test cases, save with .html extensions. 3. Create these test cases as Testsuite.html 4. In Windows Explorer Go to C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs\Selenium 5. Create a new folder called oragehrm 6. Save all Test cases, Test Suites under orangehrm Folder.

Running Test cases with IE Browser 1. Open your IE browser, go to

http://localhost/Selenium/core/TestRunner.html


2. In the test suite input box, type as follows: 3. ../orangehrm/TestSuite.html 4. Press Go button 5. Now, you can run either individual test cases or entire suite. Do as you wish.

Running Test cases with Firfox Browser 1. Open your Firefox browser, go to

http://localhost/Selenium/core/TestRunner.html 2. In the test suite input box, type as follows: 3. ../orangehrm/TestSuite.html 4. Press Go button 5. Now, you can run either individual test cases or entire suite. Do as you wish.

Running the Test Suite Using HTA Mode Test now in IE browser

http://localhost/Selenium/core/TestRunner.hta

A File download Security Warning may display

Click Run button

In the test suite input box, type as follows:

../oragehrm/TestSuite.html

Press Go button

Now, you can run either individual test cases or entire suite. Do as you wish.

Difference between HTA & HTML Mode


HTA Mode allows you to save the results to a file


20. Selenium-RC

1. Introduction Selenium-RC is the solution for tests that need more than simple browser actions and linear execution. Selenium-RC uses the full power of programming languages to create more complex tests like reading and writing files, querying a database, emailing test results. Youll want to use Selenium-RC whenever your test requires logic not supported by Selenium-IDE. What logic could this be? For example, Selenium-IDE does not directly support: condition statements iteration logging and reporting of test results error handling, particularly unexpected errors database testing test case grouping re-execution of failed tests test case dependency screenshot capture of test failures

Although these tasks are not supported by Selenium directly, all of them can be achieved by using programming techniques with a language-specific Selenium-RC client library.

2. Installing Selenium RC Installing Selenium Remote Control (RC) requires three step process:

First: Install JRE 1.5 or later

Second: Install the Selenium RC

Third: Install Ruby Client

Checking JRE Go to Start Run cmd

Java version (*1)

If you see an older version (< 1.5) it is better to uninstall it

Second: Installing Selenium RC Go to http://seleniumhq.org/download/

Select RC download (*1) link and store the file in C:\


UnZip the selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-2-dist.zip in C:\

Rename the selenium-remote-control-1.0-beta-2 folder into SeleniumRC

Rename the selenium-java-client-driver-1.0-beta-2 folder into JavaClient Rename the selenium-server-1.0-beta-2 into JavaServer

Open Windows Explorer go to C:\SeleniumRC\JavaServer

Go to Start Run Cmd (enter the following command) Cd C:\SeleniumRC\JavaServer

Java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive Third: Install Ruby Client

Install Ruby into C:\ Go to Start Run cmd

- Cd c:\seleniumRC\RubyClient\ - gem install selenium-client

Make sure it shows successfully installed selenium-client

Start Selenium server with Batch File Open Note Pad and Type below java -jar C:\SeleniumRC\JavaServer\selenium-server.jar Save as .bat extension

Stop Selenium server in IE "C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe" http://localhost:4444/selenium-server/driver/?cmd=shutDownSeleniumServer

3. Run a Simple Test Step1: save Test case with rb extenstion

Open the test case in Selenium IDE Go to Options Format Ruby Selenium RC Select File Save Test Case As Save the file name as name.rb in C:\PrgRuby

Step2: Start the Selenium Server Go to Start Run cmd

Java -jar selenium-server.jar (*7) Keep the server running (Do not close this cmd line window)

Step3: Run the Ruby Test Open another cmd line window, go to Start Run cmd

Navigate to the path where you have saved testEE.rb


Cd c:\ruby

Execute the below command

Ruby testEE.rb

4. Platforms Supported by Selenium RC Browsers

Firefox, IE, Safari and Opera etc..

Operating Systems

Windows, OS X, Linux, and Solaris

Programming Languages

C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, and Ruby

Testing Frameworks

Bromine, JUnit & TenstNG (Java), NUnit (.Net), RSpec & Test::Unit (Ruby), unittest (Python)

5. RC Command Line Options Usage: java -jar selenium-server.jar [-interactive] [-options]

port :(default 4444)

the port number the selenium server should use

timeout : (eg: 180)

an integer number of seconds

interactive:

Interactively enter the commands.

multiWindow:

Tests are executed in a separate window and supports web pages with frames.

forcedBrowserMode : (eg: *iehta)

sets the forced default browser mode (e.g. "*iexplore) for all sessions, no matter what is passed in getNewBrowserSession


userExtensions :

indicates a JavaScript file that will be loaded into selenium

browserSessionReuse:

stops re-initialization and spawning of the browser between tests

avoidProxy:

Uses by default proxy for browser request

set this flag to make the browser use proxy only for URLs containing '/selenium-server'

firefoxProfileTemplate :

By default generates a fresh empty Firefox profile for every test.

Provide a directory to use your profile directory instead.

debug:

Debug mode provides more trace information and used for diagnostics purpose

log:

When enabled writes debug information out to a log file

htmlSuite :

Provide browser and URL to run a single HTML Selenese Test suite and then exit immediately.

Provide absolute path to the HTML test suite, and HTML results file.

proxyInjectionMode: A proxy injection mode is a mode where the selenium server acts as a proxy

server for all content going to the AUT. Under this mode, multiple domains can be visited.

The following additional flags are supported for proxy injection mode : dontInjectRegex : an optional regular expression that proxy

injection mode can use to know when to bypass injection


userJsInjection : specifies a JavaScript file which will then be injected into all pages

userContentTransformation :

A regular expression which is matched against all test HTML content; the second is a string which will replace matches. These flags can be used any number of times. A simple example of how this could be useful: if you add "-userContentTransformation https http" then all "https" strings in the HTML of the test application will be changed to be "http".

Java system properties:

Dhttp.proxyHost and -Dhttp.proxyPort

Normally Selenium RC overrides the proxy server configuration, using the Selenium Server as a proxy. Use these options if you need to use your own proxy together with the Selenium Server proxy.

Use the proxy settings like this:

java -Dhttp.proxyHost=myproxy.com -Dhttp.proxyPort=1234 -jar selenium-server.jar

HTTP proxy requires authentication, you will also need to set -Dhttp.proxyUser and -Dhttp.proxyPassword, in addition to http.proxyHost and http.proxyPort.

java -Dhttp.proxyHost=myproxy.com -Dhttp.proxyPort=1234 -Dhttp.proxyUser=joe -Dhttp.proxyPassword=example -jar selenium-server.jar

6. Selenium RC - Interactive Mode Running The "interactive mode (IM)" allows you to run your test case commands on the Selenium

Server interactively.

This approach is suited for novice programmers to understand.

To completely automate the test suites, it is best practice to write your tests in a suitable programming language. Not using interactive mode.

Type exit to quit from interactive mode


6.1 Selenium RC Browser Launch Mode Browser Launch Mode Description Cross Domain

*iexplore, *iehta Internet Explorer in HTA mode Yes

*iexploreproxy Internet Explorer HTML mode No

*firefox, *chrome Firefox in Chrome mode Yes

*firefoxproxy Firefox normal No

*opera Opera mode No

*safari Safari mode No

*custom Custom mode Dynamic

Selenium RC getNewBrowserSession During the "interactive mode" one can get the current browser Session ID using the

getNewBrowserSession command.

This command accepts two parameters.

Both are mandatory parameters.

First Parameter: Browser Launch mode

Example: *iexplore, *firefox, etc

Second Parameter: URL

Example: http://www.google.com


testComplete command will stop the current session. No longer you can use the same session for further testing after executing this command.

Selenium RC Interactive mode cmd Interactive mode allows you to execute commands using cmd command

The format of the command is as follows:

cmd={Selenese Command}&1={First Parameter}&2={Second Parameter} &sessionId={sessionID got using getNewBrowserSession}

Example:

cmd=type&1=q&2=energy efficient&sessionId=500b9ffb521d4c67b37e649a7bd5e527

cmd=close&sessionId=500b9ffb521d4c67b37e649a7bd5e527

cmd=waitForTextPresent&1=energy efficiency&sessionId=500b9ffb521d4c67b37e649a7bd5e527

The session ID is optional. Use session ID when you have multiple sessions.

Selenese Command Parameter is mandatory.

Both &1 and &2 parameters are optional. If the Selenese command contains parameter then you may need it.

Selenium RC Interactive mode Testing Open your Windows explorer go to C:\SeleniumRC\JavaServer

Goto Start Run cmd

if necessary use cd C:\SeleniumRC\JavaServer, then type

java -jar selenium-server.jar -interactive Copy the first line of the code and paste in the interactive mode (*4)

cmd=getNewBrowserSession&1=*iexplore&2=http://www.google.com

Press Enter Key

QAPlanet SELENIUM Handbook - -a basic referential guide to Selenium --------------

Documents

Selenium Handbook by Qaplanet.in